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BRITISH 

Musical  Biography: 

A    DICTIONARY    OF 

MUSICAL  ARTISTS,  AUTHORS  AND  COMPOSERS, 

BORN    IN 

BRITAIN    AND    ITS    COLONIES. 


BY 

JAMES    D.    BROWN, 

AUTHOR   OF  A   "BIOGRAPHICAL   DICTIONARY  OF   MUSICIANS,"   KTC, 

AND 

STEPHEN    S.    STRATTON. 


BIRMINGHAM: 
S.  S.  Stratton,  247,  Monument  Road. 


PRINTED   BY   CHADFIKI.l)   AND   SON,    LTD.,   DERBY. 
1897. 

(.^i/  Ri^rhts  Reserved.) 


TO    THE    INCORPORATED    SOCIETY    OF    MUSICIANS 

THIS    WORK    IS 

DEDICATED 

BY    THE    AUTHORS. 


PREFACE. 


In  undertaking  this  work,  the  authors  have    been  animated   by  the    desire 
to  present  the  true  position  of  the   British   Empire  in  the  world  of  music. 
A   country  is   musical   only    by   the   music    it    produces    for   itself,    not   by 
what  it  takes  from  others.      In  this  work,   therefore,   only  what    has   been 
done   by   Britain's    own   sons   and   daughters    is    placed    on   record.      It    is 
probable   that   in   no   other   nation   is   there,    at    the    present    time,    greater 
musical    activity,    creative   or   executive,    than    is   to    be   witnessed    in    our 
own ;    and   this   not   only  in   the   great    centres    of  population   and  culture, 
but  everywhere  throughout  the   Empire.      In   this  connection   the  work   of 
provincial   and   colonial   musicians  has  received   its   proper   share  of   atten- 
tion.      The   greater    masters,    already   noticed    at    length    in    other    similar 
publications,   have   been   treated  with    brevity  in   order   to   afford   space   for 
mention  of  many  worthy,,  if  obscure,  workers  in  the  cause  of  Art,  hitherto 
passed   over   by  writers   of  biography.      The  very   large   number   (probably 
over  40,000)  of  persons  engaged   in  the   musical   profession  at   the  present 
time  will  explain  the  apparent  preponderance  of  notices   devoted   to  living 
musicians.       This   part   of    the    work,    however,    is    intended    rather    to   be 
representative    than    complete ;    and    from   various   causes,    in    many   cases 
only  a  bare  outline  could  be  accomplished.      While  some  names  may  seem 
to    have    but    slight    claim    to    inclusion,    it    is    hoped    that    no    artist   of 
eminence  has  been  omitted.     The  book  being  written  from  an  independent 
standpoint,  matters  of  opinion  have   been  subordinated  to  the   presentment 
of  facts ;    and  its  usefulness  as  a  work  of  reference  has   been  one   of  the 
main   objects   of  the   authors.     Accuracy   has   been   striven    for   as   regards 
dates   of    birth    and    death ;    first    performance    of    important    works ;    and 
first    appearances    of    artists,    which    have    been    carefully    collated,    where 
possible,   from    contemporary   notices.       Many    of    these    differ    from    dates 
hitherto   accepted.     Still,  faults  and   omissions   may    be   detected,   and   any 
information   in   correction   thereof   will    be   gladly   received.      The    work    is 


11  PREFACE. 

issued  by  the  authors  themselves  as  a  kind  of  experiment  in  pubHshing, 
their  object  being  a  patriotic  desire  to  record  the  achievements  of  British 
workers  in  the  field  of  musical  art. 

The  authors  are  indebted  to  the  following  gentlemen  for  information 
or  aid  rendered  during  the  progress  of  the  work : — Mr.  Eeginald  B.  Moore, 
Exeter ;  Mr.  J.  A.  Browne,  editor  of  the  Brituh  Ifusician ;  Dr.  James 
C.  Culwick,  Dublin ;  Mr.  Spencer  Curwen,  London ;  Mr.  T.  B.  Dowling, 
Cape  Town,  South  Africa ;  Mr.  Emlyn  Evans,  Cemmes,  Montgomery  ;  Mr. 
John  Glen,  Edinburgh;  Mr.  W.  J.  Ions,  King's  Norton;  Mr.  E.  P. 
Jones,  Brisbane,  Australia ;  Mr.  J.  A.  Matthews,  Cheltenham ;  Mr.  C. 
F.  South,  Salisbury;  Mr.  C.  J.  B.  Tirbutt,  Beading;  Mr.  Herbert 
Thompson,  Leeds ;  and  Mr.  F.  H.  Torrington,  Toronto,  Canada.  Also  to 
those  artists  who  responded  to  the  applications  made  to  them  for  personal 
information.  In  addition  to  the  catalogues  of  the  British  Museum  and 
other  public  libraries,  general  newspapers,  and  other  sources  of  information, 
the  following  works  have  heew-  drawn  upon  for  particular  details  : — Brown's 
Biographical  Dictionary  of  ]\Iusicians ;  Grove's  Dictionary  of  Music  and 
Musicians ;  the  works  of  Fetis  and  Mendel-Eeissmann  ;  Dictionary  of 
National  Biography ;  Love's  Scottish  Church  Music ;  Baptie's  Musicians 
of  All  Times,  and  Musical  Scotland ;  Roll  of  the  Union  of  Graduates  in 
Music ;  Degrees  in  Music,  Abdy  Williams,  etc.  The  chief  authorities  for 
dates  within  their  period  have  been  the  Musiad  World,  1836-91  ;  Dramatic 
and  Musical  Review,  1842-51  ;  Musical  Times,  from  1844  ;  Mtisical  Standard, 
from  1802  ;  besides  the  musical  journals  of  more  recent  date.  For  many 
particulars  of  less-known  musicians,  bandmasters,  and  teachers,  much  has 
been  gleaned  from  the  Orchestral  Times,  British  Musician,  the  Musical 
Herald,   and  other  papers. 

Stephen  S.   Stratton,  Jajies  D.  Brown, 

247,  Monument  Koad,  Public  Library, 

Birmingham.  Clerkenwell,  London,  E.C. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


CM.     . .         . .         Choirmaster. 

P.C.O Fellow  of  the  College  of  Organists. 

G.S.M.  ..         Guildhall  School  of  Music. 

I.S.M.  . .         . .         Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians. 

Mus.  B.  . .         Bachelor  of  Music. 

Mus.  D.  . .         Doctor  of  Music. 

R.A.M.  . .         Roj'al  Academy  of  Music ; 

A. — Associate  ;    F. — Fellow  ;    L. — Licentiate. 
R.C.M.  ..         Royal  College  of  Music. 

A. — Associate  of  the  same. 
R.C.O...         ..         Royal  College  of  Organists; 

F. — Fellow  of  the  same. 
R.I. A.M.         . .         Royal  Irish  Academy  of  Music. 
T.C.L Trinity  College,  London  ; 

L. — Licentiate  of  the  same. 
Pf.        . .         . .         Pianoforte. 
Ps.        . .  . .         Psalm. 


Dates  or  words  within  square  brackets,  thus — [1846]  are  approxima- 
tions, or  have  been  supplied  from  other  sources  to  supplement  undated 
title-pages,  etc, 


BRITISH  MUSICAL  BIOGRAPHY 


AARON. 

Aaron.  Scottish  writer,  who  was  conse- 
crated Abbot  of  St.  Martin,  Cologne,  in  1042. 
He  wrote  a  work  on  chanting  in  pubUc  wor- 
ship, entitled,  "De  Utilitaie  cantus  vocalis  et 
de  modo  cantandi^atque  psallendi  "  He  died 
in  1052. 

Abbott,  Rev.  Henry.  Writer.  Was 
lecturer  of  the  Church  of  St.  John  the  Bap- 
tist, Bristol.  Author  of  "  The  use  and  benefit 
of  Church  musick  towards  quick'ning  our  de- 
votion.    A  sermon."     London,  1724. 

Abbott,  Thomas  Moreton,  violinist, 
born  at  Bilston,  Staffordshire,  August  13, 
1843.  Studied  under  Henry  Hayward,  of 
Wolverhampton.  Resident  for  some  years  at 
Walsall ;  he  ultimately  settled  in  Birming- 
ham. His  repertory  is  large,  and  he  is  in 
wide  demand  as  a  soloist.  As  orchestral 
principal  violin  he  has  been  associated  with 
Mr.  Stockley's  orchestral  concerts  since  1873, 
first  as  colleague  with  Henry  Hayward,  and 
then  with  F.  Ward ;  also,  at  the  concerts  of 
the  Birmingham  Festival  Choral  Society,  and 
societies  at  Oxford,  Wolverhampton,  and 
other  festivals.  He  is  an  accomplished  vio- 
loncellist and  pianist,  but  in  these  capacities 
restricts  himself  to  teaching. 

Abell,  John,  alto  singer  and  song  col- 
lector, born,  probably,  about  1660.  In  May, 
1679,  he  became  a  gentleman  extraordinary 
of  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  was  shortly  after- 
wards sent  to  Italy  by  Charles  II.,  to  study 
music  and  singing.  He  returned  to  England 
in  1681-2,  and  re-entered  the  Chapel  Royal, 
where  he  remained  till  1688.  He  was  made 
a  Bachelor  of  Music  at  Cambridge,  in  1684. 
In  1688  he  was  dismissed  on  account  of  his 
being  a  Roman  Catholic,  and  he  went  to 
Holland  and  Germany,  where  he  became 
known  as  a  lute-player  and  singer.  He  sang 
also  in  Poland,  and  it  is  related  of  him  that 
on  refusing  to  sing  before  the  King  at  War- 
saw, he  was  seized  and  suspended  in  a  chair 
over  a  bear-pit,  when  the  threat  of  being 
lowered  into  its  midst  compelled  a  dis^jlay  of 
his  vocal  powers.  In  1698-9  he  was  Intendant 
at  Cassel,  and  in  1700  he  returned  to  England. 
He  afterwards  resided  at  Cambridge,  and  is 
supposed  to  have  died  there  about  1724. 

Works. — Collection  of  songs  in  several  lan- 
guages, London,  1701.  Collection  of  songs 
in  English,   London,  1701  (contains    To  all 


ABRAMS. 

lovers  of  musick,  a  poem  by  Abell).  Song  on 
Queen  Ann's  coronation  [1702].  Collection  of 
.  .  .  Scotch  songs,  etc.  [1740],  containing 
songs  by  Abell.  Two  songs  in  "Pills  to  purge 
melancholy"  [1719]. 

Abingdon,  Willoughby  Bertie,  Earl 
of,  amateur  composer  and  flute-player,  was 
born  on  January  16,  1740,  and  died  Septem- 
ber 26,  1799.  He  established  concerts  in 
London,  and  composed  "  Representation  of 
the  execution  of  Queen  Mary  of  Scots,  in 
seven  views,  the  music  composed  and  adapted 
to  each  view  by  the  Earl  of  Abingdon," 
"Twelve  sentimental  catches  and  glees  for 
three  voices ; "  Duets,  songs,  flute  music,  etc. 

Abram,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Margate,  August  7,  1840 ;  graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1808 ;  Mus.  Doc,  Oxon., 
1874  ;  Fellow  of  the  Royal  College  of  Organ- 
ists. Has  held  appointments  as  oi-gauist  at 
St.  John's,  Torquay,  ]  864 ;  St.  Peter  and 
Paul,  Wantage,  1865;  St.  Paul's,  St.  Leo- 
nards-on-Sea,  1869 ;  and  is  at  present  or- 
ganist of  All  Saints',  Hastings.  Conductor 
of  St.  Leonards  and  Hastings  Choral  Union, 
a  society  that,  under  his  direction,  has  done 
much  for  the  cause  of  music  in  the  locality. 
He  is  also  director  of  the  Hastings  Pier  Sum- 
mer concerts. 

His  compositions  include  an  oratorio.  The 
Widow  of  Nain  ;  cantatas,  Jerusalem,  and  a 
Military  Ballade,  1892  ;  anthems,  services ; 
Festival  March  for  organ  and  voices,  to  the 
hymn  Onward  Christian  Soldiers  ;  pianoforte 
pieces,  etc. 

Abrams,  Harriet,  soprano  vocalist  and 
composer,  was  born  in  1760.  She  studied 
under  Dr.  T.  A.  Arne,  and  made  her  first  ap- 
pearance at  Drury  Lane  in  his  "May  Day," 
in  1775.  In  1776  she  appeared  with  her 
sister  Theodosia  at  the  Concert  of  Ancient 
Music,  and  in  1784  she  sang  at  the  great 
Handel  Commemoration.  She  afterwards 
sang  at  the  principal  London  concerts  during 
her  time.     She  died  about  1825. 

Works.— Eight  Italian  and  English  Can- 
zonets for  one  and  two  voices.  London,  1785. 
Second  sett  of  .  .  Canzonets  .  .  [1805]. 
Collection  of  Scotch  Airs  harmonized  for  three 
voices  [1790].  Collection  of  twelve  Songs, 
London,  1803.  Songs  —  Crazy  Jane  ;  The 
Felon  [1800] ;  Female  hardship ;    Friend   of 


2 


BRITISH   ^lUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


ABYNGDON. 

my  heart ;  Orphan's  Prayer ;  Smile  and  a  tear ; 
Tom  Halhard;  William  and  Mary.  Also, 
Little  Boy  blue,  glee  ;  All  nature  mourns, 
duet  [1805];  And  must  we  part?  duet[1810]. 

Her  sisters,  Eliza  and  Thkodosia  (17G6 — 
1834,  afterwards  Mrs.  Garrow)  were  also 
vocalists  of  some  reputation,  the  latter  pos- 
sessing a  fine  mezzo-soprano  voice. 

Abyngdon,  Henry  (also  Habyngton  and 
Abyngton),  composer,  of  the  15th  ceuturJ^ 
He  was  succentor  of  Wells  Cathedral  in  1417- 
97  ;  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1463  ;  Master  of 
song  in  the  Chapel  Koyal,  London,  1465 ; 
Master  of  St.  Catherine's  Hospital,  Bristol,  I 
1478.  He  was  celebrated  as  an  organist  and 
singer.     Died  September  1,  1497. 

Ackroyd,  Thomas,  musician,  compiler 
of  "An  original  set  of  51  Psalm  and  Hymn 
tunes,  for  four  voices,  with  organ  or  piano- 
forte accompaniment."     Halifax,  1848. 

Acland,  Arthur  H.  D.,  See  Troyte, 
Arthur  H.  D. 

Acland,  T.  Q.,  author  of  "  Chanting  sim- 
plified."    Loudon,  1843. 

Acton,  John,  composer  and  teacher  of 
singing,  born  1863.  Studied  music  privately, 
Manchester ;  later,  singing  under  Francesco 
Lamperti,  of  Milan.  F.C.O.  1882  ;  qualified 
for  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1893.  Held  various 
organ  ajipointments  1882-93  ;  now  devoted  en- 
tirely to  teaching  singing  and  directing  choral 
societies.  Professor  of  singing  at  the  Man- 
chester R.C.JI.  since  its  opening,  1893;  con- 
ductor of  the  St.  Cecilia  Choral  Society,  Man- 
chester, 1894.  He  has  composed  two  cantatas 
for  ladies'  voices:  Forest  bells,  [1888];  The  rose 
and  the  nightingale  [1893].  Was  awarded  the 
prize  offered  by  the  South  London  ilusical 
Club,  1888,  for  Chorus,  men's  voices,  with  pf. 
obbligato.  For  home  and  liberty.  Other  works 
are  ducts  for  ladies'  voices :  six  duets ;  Songs 
on  the  river  (six) ;  The  fairies  (six) ;  and  Songs 
of  wood  and  fairyland  (six).  He  has  also 
written  pieces  for  pf.  &c. 

Adam,  Alexander,  printer,  established  in 
Glasgow  at  tlie  end  of  last  century.  He  pub- 
lished "The  Psalms  of  David  in  metre,  newly 
translated  .  .  .  allowed  by  the  authority  of  the 
general  assembly  of  the  Kirk  of  Scotland  and 
appointed  i  o  be  sung  in  congregations  and  fami- 
lies, with  twenty-three  select  psalm-tunes  par- 
ticularly adapted  to  the  subject  of  the  psalms 
to  which  they  are  set."  Glasgow,  1773.  "The 
Musical  Repository,  a  collection  of  favourite 
Scotch,  English,  and  Irish  songs  set  to  music." 
Glasgow,  1799,  also  Edinburgh,  1802,  etc. 

Adams,  Abraham,  organist  and  com- 
poser, who  flourislied  at  the  end  of  the  17th 
and  beginning  of  the  18th  centuries.  He  was 
organist  of  the  parish  church  of  St.  Mary-le- 
bone,  London,  in  1710,  and  compiled  "The 
Psalmist's  New  Companion,"  Loudon,  n.d.,  of 
which  a  6th  edition  appeared  about  1720. 


ADCOCK. 

Adams,  James  B.,  musician,  who  flour- 
ished in  the  latter  part  of  the  18th  and  begin- 
ning of  the  present  centurj-.  He  published  a 
large  number  of  songs  and  pianoforte  pieces, 
among  which  maj'  be  named  the  following : — 
The  Paphian  Doves  [1788],  a  musical  play. 
Three  sonatas  for  the  pf.  or  harpsichord  and 
flute  and  violin  op.  4  [1790].  A  collection  of 
songs,  etc.,  London  [1770].  Select  songs  set 
to  music  [1803].  Songs:  Bacchanalian;  Come 
gen  tie  god  of  soft  repose;  Daphne  ;  Invocation; 
Myrtilla;  Power  of  music;  'The  request;  etc. 

Xdams,  John  S.,  writer,  author  of  "Five 
thousand  musical  terms."     London,  1861. 

Adams,  Stephen,  see  Maybrick,  Mi- 
chael). 

Adams,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  [London?],  on  September  5, 1785. 
He  studied  under  Dr.  T.  Busby,  and  became 
organist  of  Carlisle  Chapel,  Lambeth,  1802-14. 
Organist  of  St.  Paul,  Deptford,  1814  ;  of  St. 
George,  Camberwell,  1824;  and  of  St,  Dun- 
stan's,  1833.  He  died  in  London  on  Septem- 
ber 5,  1858. 

Works. — A  grand  march  and  quick  step, 
composed  for  the  regiment  of  loyal  London 
volunteers  [1808].  Six  fugues  for  organ  or 
pianoforte  [1820].  Six  voluntaries  for  the  or- 
gan [1820].  Grand  organ  piece  [1824].  Three 
voluntaries  for  the  organ  [1824].  Six  organ 
pieces  [1825].  Three  organ  pieces  [1885]. 
Fantasias,  interludes,  and  transcriptions  for 
organ  and  pianoforte.    Anthems  and  hymns. 

An  organist  of  much  celebrity  in  his  day, 
who  was  a  very  remarkable  extempore  player. 

Adams,  Thomas  Julian,  composer  and 
conductor,  was  born  at  London,  January  28, 
1824.  He  studied  under  Moscheles  and  at 
Paris,  and  settled  in  England  as  a  teacher  and 
conductor.  In  1851  he  formed  an  orchestra 
and  visited  Edinburgh,  Glasgow,  and  Greenock, 
giving  a  series  of  weekly  concerts.  In  1853 
he  performed  at  Paris,  and  in  1855  organised 
another  orchestra,  with  which  he  travelled  in 
England,  giving  concerts  of  high-class  music. 
He  afterwards  resided  at  Scarborough,  Tyne- 
mouth,  and  Buxton  as  concert-conductor.  In 
1877  he  settled  at  Eastbourne  as  conductor 
of  the  Devonshire  Park  concerts.  He  died 
at  Eastbourne,  May  7,  1887. 

He  introduced  Debain's  harmonium  into 
England,  and  wrote  for  it  a  work  entitled 
Method  for  the  patent  harmonium  (1855). 
He  also  composed  fantasias,  studies,  marches, 
and  concert-pieces  for  the  orchestra. 

Adcock,  James,  composer,  born  at  Eton, 
June  29,  1778.  He  was  a  claorister  in  St. 
George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  1786,  and  a  lay- 
clerk  in  1797.  Member  of  Trinity,  St.  John's, 
and  King's  Colleges,  Cambridge.  School- 
master to  the  choristers  of  King's  College, 
Cambridge.  He  died  at  Cambridge  April  30, 
1860. 


4 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


ADCOCK. 

Works.— Evening  sevice  in  B  flat.  An- 
thems. Three  glees  for  three  and  four  voices, 
dedicated  to  Sir  Patrick  Blake  (1815).  Hark 
how  the  bees,  glee  for  four  voices.  Welcome 
mirth  and  festive  song,  glee  for  three  voices. 
Songs— Liucy,  Queen  of  pleasure's  languid 
smile,   etc.     Rudiments  of   music,  n.d. 

Adcock,  John,  author  of  "The  singers' 
guide  to  pronunciation,  with  an  appendix  con- 
sisting of  a  pronouncing  dictionary  of  musical 
terms,  etc.,"  Nottingham,  [1873].  Mr.  Adcock 
is  choirmaster  of  Castle  Gate  Chapel,  and  con- 
ductor of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  Not- 
tingham. 

Addington,  Rev.  Stephen,  Independent 
clergyman  and  musician,  born  at  Northampton 
June  9th,  L729.  He  was  successively  minister 
at  Spalding,  Market  Harborough,  and  Miles' 
Lane  Meeting  House,  Cannon  Street,  London, 
1781.  He  died  at  London,  February  6th,  1796. 
Compiler  of  •'  A  collection  of  Psalm-tunes  for 
publick  worship,"  1780;  6th  ed.,  1786;  supple- 
ment, 1800.  "A  collection  of  approved  an- 
thems sellected  from  the  most  eminent  mas- 
ters" [1795]. 

Addison,  John,  composer  and  double-bass 
player,  was  born  at  London  in  1765.  He 
played  the  'cello  at  Vauxhall  Gardens,  and 
was  double-bass  player  at  the  Italian  Opera, 
the  Concerts  of  Ancient  Music,  and  the  Vocal 
Concerts.  He  married  Miss  Willems,  the  voca- 
list, in  1793.  In  the  latter  part  of  his  career 
he  embarked  in  commercial  speculations  and 
was  greatly  reduced  in  circumstances.  He 
died  at  London,  January  30,  1844. 

Works.— The  sleeping  beauty,  1805.  The 
Russian  imposter,  1809.  IMy  aunt,  1813. 
Two  words,  1816.  Free  and  easy,  1816.  My 
uncle,  1817.  Bobinet,  the  bandit,  1818  : 
Musical  Dramas.  Elijah,  a  sacred  drama. 
Songs  —Songs  of  Almacks  (with  Bishop  and 
Bayley),  1831 ;  Allen-a-dale  ;  Clay  cold  dwel- 
ling; Cupid's  frolic ;  Zephyr's  reply ;  and  many 
others.  Singing  practically  treated  in  a  series 
of  instructions,  London  [1836]. 

Addison  was  a  successful  teacher  of  singing 
and  numbered  Alex.  Lee  and  Pearman  among 
his  pupils.  His  wife.  Miss  Willems,  who  was 
a  niece  of  Reinhold  the  vocalist,  was  a  singer, 
and  made  her  first  appearance  in  1796,  in 
"Love  in  a  village."  She  sang  at  Vauxhall, 
Covent  Garden,  and  other  concerts  in  London, 
and  appeared  also  at  Liverpool,  Dublin,  etc. 

Addison,  Robert  Brydges,  composer, 
born  at  Dorchester,  Oxford.  Studied  at  R.  A.M. 
under  G.  A.  ^Macfarren,  to  whom  he  was  sub- 
professor  for  four  years.  A.R.A.M.,  1882,  and 
professor  of  harmony  and  composition.  Pro- 
fessor, Trinity  College,  London,  1892.  While 
at  the  R.A.M.  he  composed  some  works  notice- 
able for  high  aim  and  finish,  the  chief  being 
a  symphony  in  G  minor  (two  movements  from 
which  were  performed  at  R.A.M.  concert,  De- 


AGUILAR, 

cember  15,  1881) ;  concert  allegro  in  G,  orch- 
estra. Sonata  in  A  minor,  pf. ;  andante  and 
variations,  pf. ;  cantata,  "A  vision,"  for  con- 
tralto solo,  chorus,  orchestra,  and  organ 
(R.A.M.,  June  1880);  Ps.  126,  four  voices; 
Motet,  Save  me,  0  God ;  two  albums  for  chil- 
dren— "  Please  sing  me  a  song,"  and  "  Chil- 
dren's voices."  But  he  is  more  widely  known 
by  his  songs,  tasteful  and  fresh  in  feeling, 
Wandering  wishes;  Two  doves;  Do  I  love 
thee?  O  rushing  wind;  and  others,  also  a  trio 
for  female  voices,  "  Quiet  hours." 

Adiington,  William,  pianist,  teacher,  and 
publisher,  born  at  Southwell,  Notts.,  in  1838. 
He  was  educated  at  the  R.A.M.,  of  which  he 
became  an  Associate  in  1865,  and  a  Fellow  in 
1882.  In  1864  he  settled  in  Edinburgh,  and 
held  various  important  teaching  appointments. 
Afterwards  he  resided  at  Aberdeen,  where  he 
was  conductor  of  the  University  Orchestral 
Society.  He  is  now  engaged  in  musicselling 
and  publishing.  Author  of  "Elementary 
principles  of  music  and  elements  of  harmony 
adapted  for  those  studying  the  pianoforte." 
Edinburgh,  1S81. 

Adye,  Willett,  amateur  musician,  author 
of  "  Musical  notes,"  London,  1869,  a  work  on 
violinists. 

Agabeg,  Mrs.,  see  Wynne,  Sarah  Edith. 

Aguilar,  Emanuel  A.,  composer 
and  pianist,  born  in  Clapham,  London, 
August  23,  1824.  Son  of  E.  Aguilar,  a  West 
Indian  of  Spanish  extraction,  and  brother  of 
Miss  Grace  Aguilar,  the  novelist.  Resident 
in  London  as  teacher  and  concert-giver.  Has 
also  given  concerts  in  Germany,  where  some 
of  his  most  important  works  have  been  pro- 
duced. His  pianoforte  recitals  have  been,  for 
many  years,  a  regular  feature  of  the  London 
musical  season.  Played  at  the  Gewandhaus 
concerts,  Leipzig,  March  30th,  1848. 

Works. — Psalm  I.,  voices  and  orchestra, 
1861  (MS).  Operas— \Nsiye  king,  1855  (MS); 
The  bridal  wreath,  1863.  Cantatas,  The  bridal 
of  Triermain,  Bedford,  1880  ;  Summer  night, 
1875,  Goblin  market,  1880,  both  for  treble 
voices.  Songs — The  stars  are  brightly  beam- 
ing. The  appeal,  etc.  Sympho7iies  —  'No.  1,  in 
C,  1844  (MS.),  Frankfort  on  Main  ;  No.  2,  in 
E  minor,  1844,  Frankfort,  1851,  London  ;  No. 
3,  in  D  minor,  1854,  London.  Overtures — 
Alpheus,  1853,  London ;  St.  George,  1875, 
London  ;  also  at  Kissingen  and  elsewhere  on 
the  continent.  Pianoforte  works  —  Allegro 
maestoso,  pf.  and  orchestra,  1852,  London  ; 
Septet,  pf. ,  wind,  and  strings,  188S  ;  Sextet, 
pf.  and  wind,  1800;  Quartet,  pf.  and  strings, 
1888 ;  Quartets  in  A  and  D  minoi",  strings, 
1884-5.  Those  have  been  performed  at  con- 
certs of  the  Musical  Artists'  Society,  the 
septet  excepted.  Trios,  pf.  and  strings,  in  G 
minor,  1853  ;  E  major,  185G ;  A  minor,  1889, 
performed  at  various  concerts.     Fantasia  for 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


AGUTTER. 

organ,  two  pianos,  and  violin,  1880 ;  Duo 
concertante,  in  C,  two  pianos,  1878  ;  Sonata, 
pf.  duet,  1885  ;  Six  sonatas,  many  smaller 
pieces,  and  a  little  book.  How  to  learn  the 
pianoforte,  1883. 

Agutter,  Benjamin,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  St.  Albans,  April  2,  1844. 
Studied  singing  under  Manuel  Garcia  ;  organ 
and  composition  with  E.  J.  Hopkins ;  and 
harmony  and  counterpoint  with  Dr.  Wylde. 
Graduated  Mus.  B.,  Oxon.,  1870 ;  Mus.  D., 
Cautuar,  1891;  F.R.C.O.,  etc.  Since  1867, 
precentor,  organist,  and  choirmaster,  St. 
Peter's,  Streatham.  He  has  composed  a 
Missa  de  Sancto  Albans ;  Missa  de  Sancto 
Pelro  ;  and  six  other  services  for  Holj'  Com- 
munion ;  sequence.  To  the  Paschal  victim 
(scored  for  orchestra)  ;  anthems ;  morning 
and  evening  services  in  D  and  A  flat ;  hymns, 
carols,  &c.,  &c. 

Ainley,  William  Clark,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Kirkheaton,  Yorkshire, 
July  13, 1834.  Was  a  chorister  at  the  Parish 
Church  when  ten  years  old ;  pursued  his 
musical  studies  privately.  A.R.C.O.,  Mus.  B., 
Cambridge,  1885.  Has  been  organist  and 
choirmaster  successively  at  Kirkburton  Parish 
Church,  1856;  Kirkheaton,  1863;  Mold  Green 
Parish  Church,  1865 ;  and  Mirfield  Parish 
Church,  1874  to  present  time.  Conductor  of 
the  Mirfield  Choral  Society.  His  composi- 
tions are.: — Ps.  46,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  organ 
[1885] ;  cantata,  The  great  day  of  the  Lord, 
produced  Mirfield,  1891.  Anthems — 0  give 
thanks  ;  Behold,  0  God  our  defender  (written 
for  the  Queen's  jubilee,  1887) ;  and  others. 
Te  Deum,  communion  service  in  G,  evening 
service  in  E,  introits,  organ  pieces,  &c. 

Aird,  James,  music  publisher  of  the  last 
half  of  the  18th  century,  was  established  in 
business  in  Glasgow,  where  he  died  in  Sep- 
tember, 1795.  He  issued  among  other  works 
»'  A  selection  of  Scots,  English,  Irish,  and 
foreign  airs  adapted  for  the  fife,  violin,  and 
German  flute,"  Glasgow,  1784,  etc..  6  vols. 
He  was  succeeded  in  business  by  J.  McFad- 
yen,  who  published  new  editions  or  continua- 
tions of  Aird's  publications. 

Airy,  Sir  Qeorge  Biddell,  astronomer, 
born  at  Alnwick,  June  21,  1801.  He  was 
educated  at  Cambridge,  etc.,  and  in  1835  was 
appointed  astronomer-royal.  He  died  on 
January  1,  1892.  Author  of  "On  sound  and 
atmospheric  vibrations,  with  the  mathemati- 
cal elements  of  music,"  London,  1868  ;  also 
many  works  on  astronomical  and  mathemati- 
cal subjects. 

Akeroyd,  Arthur  Thomas,  Organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Bradford,  March  10th, 
1862.  Articled  pupil  of  P.  C.  Atkinson, 
A.R  CM.  Organist  and  choirmaster,  St. 
Paul's  Bradford  ;  music  master.  Girls'  Gram- 
mar School,  Bradford  ;  and  conductor  of  the 


ALBERT. 

Ilkley  Vocal  Society.  Hon.  Sec.  Yorkshire 
Section  of  the  Incorporated  Society  of  Musi- 
cians. He  has  composed  an  opera,  "  The 
Professor  "  (book  by  G.  W.  Harwin,  produced 
Theatre  Royal,  Bradford,  1891) ;  an  operetta, 
"  The  Doctor's  Dilemma "  (Technical  Col- 
lege, 1893)  ;  an  anthem  for  Christmas ;  songs 
and  part-songs;  minuet  and  trio  for  organ,  and 
pieces  for  pf . 

Akeroyde,   Samnel,  composer,  born  in 
Yorkshire  at  end  of  17th  century.     He  com- 
posed many  songs  in  the  "Theater  of  IMusick," 
1685-87  ;   "  Banquet  of   musick,"   1688  ;  and 
in    other    collections    of    the    same    period. 
Among  his  single  songs  may  be  mentioned, 
Give  me  kind  Heaven  [1700] ;  Thursday  in 
the  morn    [1730]  ;   Rays    of   dear   Clarinda's 
eyes  [1700] ;  etc.     He  died  early  in  the  18th 
century. 
Alaw,  Ddu.    See  Rees,  William  Thomas. 
Alawydd.     See  Roberts,  David. 
Albani.     See  La  Jeunesse. 
Albert,  Prince  Francis  C.   A.   A.    E. 
(Prince  Consort),  amateur  musician,  born  Ros- 
enau,  Coburg,  August  26, 1819.  Married  Queen 
Victoria,  February,  1840.    Died  Windsor,  Dec- 
ember 14,  1861. 

He  composed  a  number  of  anthems,  services, 
songs,  psalm-tunes,  etc.,  most  of  which  have 
been  collected  in  "Songs  and  ballads  written 
and  set  to  music  by  their  Royal  Highnesses, 
Albert  and  Ernest,  Princes  of  Saxe-Coburgand 
Gotha."  Editedby  E.J.  Loder,  London,  1840; 
and"  Vocal  compositions  of  H.R.H.the  Prince 
Consort."  London,  1862.  In  1849  and  1855 
his  piece,  entitled  L'Invocazione  all'  Armenia 
was  produced  at  the  Birmingham  Festival. 
Most  of  the  members  of  his  family  are  mu- 
sical. 

Albert,  Eugene  Frangois  Charles  d', 
pianist  and  composer  (son  of  Charles  Louis 
Napoleon  d'  Albert,  famous  dance-music  com- 
poser, who  died  in  1886),  born  at  Glasgow, 
April  10, 1864.  His  mother,  nee  Annie  Rowell, 
of  Newcastle-on  Tyne,  was  his  first  music 
teacher.  After  a  few  pf.  lessons  from  the  late 
G.  A.  Osborne,  d'  Albert  gained  the  Newcastle 
scholarship  at  the  National  Training  School 
of  Music,  in  1876,  and  later  on  was  elected  to 
the  Queen's  Scholarship,  which  he  held  until 
1881.  Histeacherswere  Arthur  Sullivan,  John 
Stainer,  E.  Prout,  and  E.  Pauer.  In  1881,  he 
was  nominated  to  the  Mendelssohn  Scholar- 
ship, which  he  only  held  for  one  year,  failing 
to  comply  with  the  regulations.  While  still 
a  student  he  made  his  debut  at  the  Monday 
Popular  Concerts,  November  22, 1880,  playing 
Schumann's  Etudes  Symphoniques ;  and  at 
the  Crystal  Palace,  February  5,  1S81,  taking 
the  solo  part  in  Schumann's  pf.  concerto  in 
A  minor.  In  October,  1881,  he  appeared  at  a 
Richter  Concert  as  a  composer,  with  his  own 
Concerto  in  A.    As  a  pianist  he  gained  a  high 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ALBERTAZZI. 

reputation.  Hans  Richter  then  took  him  to 
Vienna,  but  he  played  again  in  London  in  the 
spring  of  1882.  He  now  became  a  pupil  of 
Liszt,  and  was  appointed  Court  pianist  to  the 
Grand  Duke  of  Weimar.  During  the  next 
four  years  he  made  artistic  tours  through  Ger 
many;  visited  Russia,  Italy,  Spain;  and  twice 
undertook  concert  tours  in  America.  He  held 
various  appointments,  the  last  being  that  of 
Kapellmeister  at  Weimar,  1895,  which  he  did 
not  hold  long.  He  reappeared  in  London, 
April  28,  1896,  at  one  of  the  Mottl  concerts ; 
began  a  series  of  Recitals,  May  1 ;  and  played 
Liszt's  concerto  in  E  flat  at  the  Philharmonic 
concert,  May  6,  being  most  enthusiastically 
received. 

Works.  —  Operas  :  Ghismonda  (Dresden, 
1895) ;  Der  Rubin  (composed  1892) ;  A  work 
for  chorus  and  orchestra,  founded  on  Otto 
Ludwig's  Man  and  Life  (1893) ;  songs,  etc. 
Symphony  in  P  (1885);  Concerto  in  B  minor, 
op.  2  (1884) ;  in  E,  op.  12  (Berlin,  Jan.  1893), 
for  pf.  and  orchestra.  Overtures  :  Hyperion 
(Berlin,  1885) ;  Dramatic  overture  in  A,  op.  9 
(Cologne,  1887) ;  Esther  (Vienna,  1888) ;  String 
quartets,  in  A  micor,  op.  8 ;  in  E  flat,  op.  11 ; 
Suite  for  pf.,  op.  1 ;  Sonata,  P  sharp  minor, 
op.  10,  &c. 

Albertazzi,  Emma  (born  Howson),  con- 
tralto vocalist,  born  in  London,  May  1,  1813 
[1814].  She  was  a  daughter  of  Prancis  How- 
son,  musician  of  London.  In  1827  she  studied 
under  Costa,  and  in  November,  1829  she  was 
married  to  Siguor  Albertazzi.  She  first  ap- 
peared in  the  Argyle  Rooms,  London,  in  1829, 
and  in  1830  she  sang  at  the  King's  Theatre. 
In  1832  she  appeared  at  Milan,  and  afterwards 
at  Madrid  and  Paris.  She  reappeared  at  Lon- 
don in  La  Cenerentola,  April,  1837,  and  in  1838 
sang  at  Drury  Lane  in  La  Gazza  Ladra. 
She  frequently  appeared  as  a  concert  vocalist, 
and  died  in  London,  September  27,  1847. 

Alcock  or  Alicock,  John,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  London,  April  11,  1715.  He 
was  a  chorister  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  under 
Charles  King,  and  afterwards  stuaied  under 
John  Stanley,  the  blind  organist.  He  held 
successively  the  appointmentof  organist  at  All 
Hallows  Church,  London,  1735;  St.  Andrew's, 
Plymouth,  1737 ;  St.  Lawrence's  Reading, 
1742-49;  and  Lichfield  Cathedral,  1749-60, 
where  he  was  also  vicar-choral  and  master  of 
the  choristers.  In  1755  he  graduated  as  Mus. 
Bac.  Oxford,  and  in  1761  or  1765  proceeded  to 
Mus.  Doc.  Oxford.  He  held  the  appointment 
of  organist  at  Sutton  Coldfield  parish  church, 
1761-86 ;  and  at  Tamworth  parish  church, 
1766-90.  He  gained  a  prize  medal  of  the  Catch 
Club  in  1770.  He  retained  the  post  of  lay- 
vicar  at  Lichfield  till  his  death  at  Lichfield 
on  Pebruary  23,  1806. 

Works. — ^lorning  and  Evening  Service  in 
E  minor,  1753;  Six-and-twenty  select  am  hems 


ALDRICH. 

in  score  ...  to  which  are  added  a  burial  ser- 
vice for  4  voices  and  part  of  the  last  verse  of 
the  150th  Psalm  for  8  voices  and  instruments,.. 
London,  21  parts,  1771.  Miserere,  or  the  51st 
Psalm  in  Latin  for  4  voices,  1771.  Pifty  se- 
lect portions  collected  from  the  singing  Psalms, 
Reading,  1748.  The  Pious  Soul's  heavenly 
exercise,  or  divine  harmony;  being  a  choice 
collection  of  those  excellent  psalm  tunes  which 
are  used  in  the  parish  churches  in  London, 
etc.,  Lichfield,  n.d.  Harmony  of  Sion,  or  a 
collection  of  all  the  capital  psalm  tunes  that 
are  used  in  London,  Derby,  n  d.  Divine  Har- 
mony, or  a  collection  of  55  double  and  single 
chants  for  4  voices,  as  they  are  sung  at  the 
cathedral  of  Lichfield,  1752.  Parochial  Har- 
mony, 1777.  Harmony  of  Jerusalem,  being  a 
collection  of  106  psalms  and  hymns  in  score, 
1801.  Harmonia  Fe3ti,  or  a  collection  of 
canons,  cheerful  and  serious  glees,  and  catches 
for  4  and  5  voices,  Lichfield,  1791.  Hail,  ever- 
pleasing  solitude  !  (prize  glee),  1770.  Twelve 
English  songs,  1740.  Eight  easy  voluntaries 
for  the  organ,  1760.  Six  suites  of  easy  lessons 
for  the  harpsichord  or  spinnet,  with  a  trumpet 
piece,  Reading,  1742.  Six  easy  solos  for  the 
German  flute  or  violin,  1750.  Life  of  Miss 
Fanny  Brown  (a  novel). 

Alcock,  John,  son  of  the  above,  was  born 
probably  at  Plymouth  about  1740,  and  studied 
under  his  father.  He  became  organist  of  St. 
Mary  Magdalene,  Newark-on-Trent,  in  1758, 
and  remained  there  till  1768.  In  1773,  he 
became  organist  of  the  Parish  Church,  Wal- 
sall, and  died  there,  March  .30, 1791.  In  1766 
he  graduated  as  Mus.  Bac.  at  Oxford.  He 
composed  some  anthems,  songs,  and  harpsi- 
chord music,  among  which  are  — A  cantata 
and  six  songs  [1770] ;  Venus  and  Bacchus,  a 
two-part  song  ;  Let  me  sink  to  regions  of 
shade  (song) ;  Three  sonatas  for  two  violins 
and  violoncello  ;  The  chace  (pianoforte  piece). 

Alcock,  William  Bennis,  organist. 
Studied  under  .-Jr  R.  P.  Stewart.  Graduated 
Mus.  B.,  Oxford,  1879.  Was  appointed  the 
first  organist  of  Christ  Church,  Morningside, 
Edinburgh,  in  1876,  where  he  worked  up  the 
musical  service  to  a  high  pitch  of  excellence. 
He  was  a  most  skilful  organist.  In  189  he 
resigned  his  post  at  Christ  Church,  and  was 
appointed  music  master  in  Speir's  School, 
Beith,  Ayrshire,  where  he  taught  with  much 
success.  He  died,  of  congestion  of  the  lungs, 
October,  1892.  Madrigals  and  glees,  he  made 
a  study  of,  and  lectured  upon  the  subject  in 
Morningside  Athenajum. 

Aldrich,  Henry,  divine  and  composer, 
born  at  Westminster  in  1647.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  Westminster  School,  and  at  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  from  1662.  He  became  B.A., 
1666  ;  M.A.,  1669  ;  Canon  of  Christ  Church, 
1681;  D.D.,  1682;  and  Dean  of  Christ 
Church,    1689,   all  of    Oxford.     He   died   at 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


ALEXANDER. 

Oxford,    December    14,   1710,   and    left    his 
musical  library  to  Christ  Church. 

Works. — Services  in  G  and  A.  Anthems — 
I  am  well  pleased ;  Not  unto  us,  O  Lord  ; 
Out  of  the  deep ;  0  give  thanks  ;  0  praise  the 
Lord  ;  Thy  beauty,  0  Israel ;  We  have  heard 
with  our  ears.  Glees  —  Hark,  the  bonny 
Christ  Church  bells,  for  three  voices ;  A 
catch  on  tobacco,  etc.     Works  on  logic,  etc. 

Another  musician  of  this  name,  viz.,  Bed- 
ford Aldrich,  composed  and  published  a 
number  of  songs  in  the  first  half  of  the  18th 
century. 

Alexander,  Alfred,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Eochester,  Kent,  May  6,  1844. 
Chorister  at  the  Cathedral,  pupil  of,  and, 
later,  assistant  to,  John  Hopkins,  the  Cathe- 
dral organist.  Took  the  Toronto  degree  of 
Mus.  B.  in  1889.  When  seventeen,  succeeded 
J.  F.  Bridge  as  organist  of  Shorne  Church, 
near  Rochester  ;  then  appointed  to  Strood 
Parish  Church,  and  afterwards  offered  the 
post  of  organist  to  the  Earl  of  Mar  and 
Kellie.  When  Dr.  Colborne  left  St.  Michael's 
College,  Tenbury,  Sir  Frederick  Ouseley  in- 
vited Mr.  -Alexander  to  fill  the  vacancy.  He 
•afterwards  went  to  Wigan  Parish  Church ; 
then  (1891-2)  to  Nice,  as  organist  of  the 
American  Church ;  and  is  now  at  St.  An- 
drew's, Southport.  Has  given  organ  recitals, 
and  conducted  concerts  of  the  Wiga7i  Choral 
Society.  His  compositions  include  a  cantata; 
Ps.  12C,  for  soprano  solo,  chorus  of  women's 
voices,  and  orchestra;  services,  anthems, 
songs,  part-songs,  etc.  Triumphal  march, 
orchestra ;  Sonata  in  B  flat,  for  string  quartet ; 
Romances,  violin  ;  Sonata  in  D  minor,  for 
organ  (published  in  Novello's  original  organ 
Cumpositioiis,  1892). 

Alexander,  James,  writer  and  performer, 
published  various  works,  of  whicli  the  follow- 
ing are  the  most  important :— Alexander's 
Book  of  instructions  for  the  accordion,  Lon- 
don, 2  pts.  [1845].  Complete  instructions  for 
the  harmonicon,  etc.,  Loudon  [18G5] .  Various 
arrangements,  waltzes,  etc.,  for  accordion  and 
pianoforte. 

Alford,  John,  lutenist  of  the  16th  cen- 
tury, published  a  translation  of  Adrian  Le 
Roy's  book  on  the  Lute  as  "A  Briefe  and 
Easj-e  Introduction  to  learne  the  tablature, 
to  conduct  and  dispose  the  hands  unto  the 
Lute."     London,  1568. 

Alford,  Marmaduke,  vocalist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  Somersetshire  in  1647.  He 
was  a  5-eoman  and  sergeant  of  the  vestry  of 
the  Chapel  Royal,  and  died  in  May,  1715. 

Allan,  Archibald,  violinist  and  composer 
of  dance  music,  was  born  at  Forfar  about 
1790.  He  was  a  member  of  Nathanial  Gow's 
band,  and  played  at  balls  and  other  gather- 
ings in  Scoiiand.  He  died  at  Forfar  18.31.  He 
composed  strathspeys  and  other  Scots  dance 


ALLCHIN. 

tunes.  His  brother,  Thomas  R.  .-Vllan  (born 
Forfar,  1807,  died  Dysart,  Fife,  1851),  was  also 
a  violinist  and  composer  of  dance  music  ;  and 
James  Allan,  cousin  of  the  above  (born  Forfar, 
October  17, 1800;  died  there  August  18, 1877), 
was  another  member  of  the  same  family  of 
violinists  which  at  one  time  was  well-known 
all  over  the  centre  and  south  of  Scotland. 

Allan,  David  Skea,  tonic  sol-fa  teacher, 
born  at  Calfsound,  Island  of  Edaj',  Orkneys, 
March  14, 1840.  Son  of  a  crofter-fisherman,  his 
humble  home  was  brightened  by  music  ;  and 
the  boy  worked  hara  at  his  musical  studies, 
overcoming  difiiculties  of  no  ordinary  nature. 
In  1864  he  settled  in  Glasgow,  where  he  has 
ever  since  remained.  After  holding  several 
appointments  as  Precentor,  he  was  asked,  in 
1877,  to  take  the  practical  classes  at  Ander- 
son's College.  These  were  transferred  to  the 
Christian  Institute  in  1881,  and  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Sunday  School  Union,  con- 
tinue to  be  popular  and  successful.  He  is  also 
conductor  of  St.  Andrew's  Choir,  and  has 
charge  of  the  music  in  many  of  the  Glasgow 
board  schools.  He  is  a  Fellow  of  the  Educa- 
tional Institute  of  Scotland,  and  is  favour- 
ably known  as  a  writer  of  delicate,  tasteful 
verse.  His  publications  consist  of  books  of 
school  songs  ;  part-songs,  the  Gloaming,  &c. 

Allan,  James,  the  "celebrated  Northum- 
berland piper,"  was  born  at  Rothbur)-,  March 
1734,  and  died  in  Durham  jail  on  November 
13,  1810.  He  was  well-known  all  over  the 
borders  as  a  strolling  vagrant,  and  his  bio- 
graphy by  James  Thompson  was  issued  as  the 
"Life  of  James  Allan,  the  celebrated  North- 
umberland Piper,  detailing  his  surprising  ad- 
ventures, etc."  Newcastle,  1817.  This  has 
been  frequently  reprinted  as  a  chap-book. 

Allan,  James,  baritone  singer  and  con- 
ductor, was  born  near  Falkirk,  July  27,  1842. 
He  became  a  lithographer  in  Glasgow  and 
was  successively  precentor  in  Sydney  Place 
U.P.  Church  and  Kelvinside  Free  Church  in 
that  city.  He  held  the  position  of  conductor 
of  the  Glasgow  Select  Choir  from  1880  to 
1885,  during  which  time  it  gave  successful 
concerts  in  Scotland  and  England.  He  died 
at  Glasgow,  August  10,  1885.  He  composed 
various  hymn  tunes,  of  which  "  Yevay  "  was 
printed  in  the  Free  Chiirch  Hymnal,  and  ar- 
ranged various  songs  and  airs  for  choir  and 
school  use. 

Allchin,  William  Thomas  Howell,  or- 
ganist and  composer,  born  1843.  He  became 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1869,  and  conductor  of  the 
Oxford  Choral  Soc.  in  the  same  year.  Organist 
of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1875,  and  local 
examiner  for  R.A.M.  in  1881.  He  died  at  Ox- 
ford, January  8,  1883. 

Works  —  The  Rebellion  of  Korah,  sacred  can- 
tata, composed  and  produced  for  the  degree  of 
Mus.  Bac,  June  1869  (ms.).     Songs — Christ- 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ALLEN. 

mas  greeting,  The  forsaken,  Lament  for  the 
Summer,  0  but  to  see  her  face  again,  Prythee 
why  so  pale.  Rainy  day.  Sea  song,  A  shadow. 
Song  for  November,  The  wrecked  hope,  etc. 

Allen,  Alfred  Benjamin,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Kiugsland,  London,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1850.  Began  the  study  of  the 
pianoforte  at  the  age  of  five,  afterwards  be- 
coming a  student  at  the  London  Academy  of 
Music.  Settled  in  London  as  performer  and 
teacher.  His  compositions  include  a  cantata 
and  a  number  of  orchestral  pieces  still  in 
MS.  Among  his  published  works  are  the 
songs,  Lead,  kindly  light ;  She  sang  to  her 
harp  ;  Sweet  birdie,  mine,  and  many  others. 
Pianoforte  music — Minuet  in  C  ;  Gavotte  in 
D  ;  Egyptian  Court  Dance,  etc.  Also  pieces 
for  the  organ. 

Allen,  Edward  Heron=,  author,  born  St. 
John's  Wood,  London,  December  17,  1861. 
Educated  at  Elstree  and  Harrow.  In  1878 
he  began  the  formation  of  his  library  of  works 
on  the  violin.  In  1879-1881  he  studied  violin 
making  under  Chanot.  Admitted  a  solicitor 
1884.  Special  commissioner  to  Italy  on  be- 
half of  Historic  Loan  Department  of  Music 
and  Inventions  Exhibition,  1885,  for  which 
service  he  was  awarded  a  silver  medal.  Lec- 
tured in  United  States,  1886-89.  Married  to 
Marianna,  daughter  of  Rudolph  Lehman  n,  the 
artist.  Elected  "  Socio  onorario  e  benemerito  " 
of  the  Accademia  of  Sta.  Cecilia  of  Rome,  for 
Bibliography  of  the  Violin. 

Works. — De  Fidiculis  Bibliographia :  being 
the  basis  of  a  bibliography  of  the  violin  and 
all  other  instruments  played  with  a  bow. 
Lond.  1890-93,  12  parts.  Violin -making  as 
it  was  and  is.  Lond.  1884.  Manual  of  Cheir- 
osophy.  Lond.  1885.  Poems,  tales,  transla- 
tions, etc. 

Allen,  George  Benjamin,  composer  and 
vocalist,  born  in  London,  April  21,  1822. 
Chorister,  St.  Martin-in-the-fields,  1830 ;  the 
same  in  Westminster  Abbey,  1832.  Estab- 
lished the  "  Abbey  Glee  Club,"  in  1841,  and 
two  years  later  was  appointed  to  the  choir  of 
Armagh  Cathedral  as  a  bass.  Conductor  of 
Classical  Harmonists'  Society,  Belfast,  and 
originated  and  executed  the  scheme  for  build- 
ing the  Ulster  Hall,  Belfast.  Graduated  as 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  in  1852.  Left  Armagh,  and 
became  organist  at  All  Saints',  Kensington, 
and  later  went  to  Australia,  where  he  was 
organist  at  Toorak,  Melbourne,  and  conductor 
of  Lyster's  Opera  Company.  Returning  to 
England,  he  established  a  Comedy  Opera 
Company,  and  produced  the  Gilbert  and  Sul- 
livan operas,  "  The  Sorcerer,"  "  H.M.S.  Pina- 
fore," and  "The  Pirates  of  Penzance."  He 
had  previously  made  successful  tours  with 
his  pupil,  Miss  Alice  May  (died  U.S.A.,  18s7), 
in  Australia,  New  Zealand,  and  India,  his 
opera   company  being  admirably  organised. 


ALLISON. 

Since  1890  he  has  been  settled  in  Brisbane, 
New  S.  Wales 

WoEKs. — Operas—  Castle  Grim,  two  acts, 
London,  1865.  The  Viking,  five  acts.  The 
Wicklow  rose,  Manchester,  1882.  Fayette 
(J.  Brunton  Stephens),  not  yet  (1895)  pro- 
duced ;  and  others  in  MS.  Cantatas — Harvest 
home,  1863;  The  Vintage  of  the  Rhine,  1865 ; 
Ministering  (female  voices,)  1884.  Tc  Deums 
in  D  and  F.  Introits  and  Anthems — A  book 
of  fifteen  anthems,  1853,  and  eight  others. 
Concerted  vocal  music — Six  four-part  songs 
[1861]  ;  Morning;  May;  and  others.  Soni/s — 
A  Shadow  ;  The  arrow  and  the  song ;  and  set- 
tings of  many  of  Longfellow's  lyrics,  the  total 
amounting  to  about  300.  Pianoforte  and  organ 
music.  The  Scales  in  music  and  colours — 
their  analogy  ;  from  the  Musical  ^\orld.  New 
pianoforte  school.     London  [1884]. 

Allen,  Henry  Robinson,  tenor  vocalist 
and  composer,  born  at  Cork  in  1809.  He 
studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  first  appeared  in 
Mozart's  "  Figaro  "  in  1831.  Afterwards  he 
sang  in  opera,  chiefly  in  London,  till  about 
1856,  when  he  occupied  himself  as  a  teacher 
of  singing.  He  died  at  Hammersmith,  Lon- 
don, November  27, 1876.  He  composed  many 
songs,  of  which  the  following  are  best  known  : 
Adaline;  As  steals  the  dew;  Bella  donna, 
would'st  thou  know;  Broken  spell;  Dearest, 
wake;  Dear  halls  of  my  fathers;  Green  are 
thy  hills ;  Maid  of  Athens  [1861]  ;  Mine,  only 
mine ;  Pilgrim's  lament ;  Sea  is  calm  ;  When 
first  we  met;  When  we  two  parted,  etc. 

Allen,  James  Vaughan,  musician,  pub- 
lished "Ten  Cathedral  Chants  in  score,  with  an 
accompaniment  for  the  organ.  London  [1842] . 

Allen,  John,  organist  and  composer  of  lat- 
ter part  of  16th  and  early  part  of  17th  centuries. 
He  was  organist  of  Chester  Cathedral,  and  in 
1612  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford. 

Allen,  John,  violinist,  born  in  London, 
and  began  his  career  as  a  leader  in  1841. 
Subsequently  he  went  to  America,  and  for 
thirty  years  was  identified  with  the  San  Fran- 
cisco theatres.  His  four  daughters,  Ricca, 
Ray,  Louise,  and  Anna,  are  well-known  dan 
cers.  He  died  at  Brooklyn,  New  York,  about 
August  1892,  at  the  age  of  seventy-two. 

Allen,  Richard,  writer,  who  flourished  at 
the  end  of  the  17th  and  begining  of  the  18th 
centuries.  Author  of  "An  Essay  to  prove  the 
singing  of  psalms  with  conjoint  voices  a 
christian  duty."  London,  1696.  "Brief  vin- 
dication of  an  Essay  to  prove  the  singing  of 
psalms  with  conjoint  voices  a  christiati  duty, 
from  Dr.  Russell's  Animadversions  and  Mr. 
Mariow's  remarks."     London,  1696. 

Allison,  Horton  Claridge,  composer,  or- 
ganist, and  pianist,  born  in  London,  July  25, 
1846.  Entered  the  Royal  Academy  of  Music 
in  1856,  and  appeared  as  a  pianist  at  Willis's 
Rooms  in   May    1860,  as  a  pupil  of  W.  H. 


8 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ALLISON. 

Holmes.  Studied  at  Leipzig  Cons.  1862-65, 
gaining,  in  the  last  year,  the  first  prize  for 
general  proficiency,  his  teachers  being  Plaidj', 
E.  P.  Richter,  C.  Heiuecke,  Hauptmann,  and 
Moscheles.  Commenced  giving  concerts  in 
London,  July,  1865,  and  has  since  appeared  in 
various  towns  in  the  provinces.  Resident  as 
teacher  in  Manchester.  Was  elected  Associate 
of  the  R.A.M.,  1862,  and  Member  in  1880. 
Graduated  IMus.  Bac,  Cantab.,  1877;  Mus. 
Doc,  Dublin,  the  same  j'ear.  Appointed  one 
of  Her  Majesty's  Examiners  in  Music,  Inter- 
mediate Education  Board  for  Ireland,  1884. 

Works. — Cantatas  — 1871-74.  Setting  of 
Psalms  ex.,  cxvii.,  and  cxxxiv.,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  string  orchestra,  1876,  all  in  MS.  An- 
thems, songs,  and  part-songs.  Symphony  for 
Orchestra,  1875.  Suite  for  Orchestra.  Con- 
certo in  I).  Pf.  and  Orchestra,  composed  in 
1870,  performed  1877,  and  at  the  concert  of 
the  Westminster  Orchestral  Society,  Decem- 
ber 9,  1891,  and  a  second  concerto,  performed 
Manchester,  February  1894,  all  in  ]\IS.  Quar- 
tet, strings,  1865.  Concert  Duet  for  two 
Pianofortes,  1865.  Studies  and  Concert  Pieces. 
Sonata  for  the  Organ,  1865,  published  1879. 
Marches  and  various  other  pieces. 

Allison,  or  Alison,  Richard,  composer, 
who  flourished  in  the  latter  part  of  the  16th 
century,  and  died  early  in  the  17th  century. 
He  published  "The  Psalmes  of  David  in 
meter,  the  plaine  song  being  the  common 
tunne  to  be  sung  and  plaide  vpon  the  lute, 
orpharyon,  citterne  or  base  violl,  severally  or 
altogetlier,  the  singing  part  to  be  either  tenor 
or  treble  to  the  instrument,  according  to  the 
nature  of  the  voyce,  or  for  foure  voyces,  etc. 
Lond.  1599."  "  An  houre's  recreation  in 
Musicke,  apt  for  instruments  and  voyces  .  .  . 
Loud.  1606.  He  was  one  of  the  composers 
who  harmonised  the  tunes  in  Thomas  Este's 
"Whole  Booke  of  Psalmes,"  1592. 

Allitsen,  Frances,  vocalist  and  composer 
of  the  present  time.  Made  her  debut  at 
Grosvenor  Hall,  July,  1882  ;  and  has  since 
sung  at  various  concerts.  She  has  composed 
six  songs  (Tennyson) ;  eight  songs  (Heine)  ; 
After  long  years ;  Mary  Hamilton  ;  In  times 
of  old;  Warning;  False  or  true,  and  others. 
Emma  Allitsen,  her  sister,  is  a  contralto  voca- 
list, pupil  of  the  late  J.  P.  Goldberg.  Has 
appeared  at,  and  given  concerts  in  London. 
Was  a  professor  of  singing  at  the  Blackheath 
Conservatoire. 

Allon,  Rev.  Henry,  Congregational  min- 
ister and  musician,  born  at  Welton,  near 
Tlull,  October  13,  1818.  He  was  educated  at 
Cheshunt  College,  Herts.,  and  was  minister 
of  Union  Chapel,  Islington,  from  1844  till 
1892.  He  also  acted  as  editor  of  the  British 
Qtuirterlij  Review.  He  died  at  Islington, 
London,  April  16,  1892. 

WoKKS. — Congregational   Psalmist,  edited 


ALPRESS. 

1  with  Dr.  Gauntlett,  Lond.  1858  ;  also  1860-79 
four  sections,  and  numerous  other  editions. 
Book  of  chants,  1860.  Book  of  church  an- 
thems, 1872.  Children's  worship  hymns, 
1878.  Church  song  in  its  relations  to  church 
life.  Loud.  1862.  The  worship  of  the  church, 
1870  (In  Reynolds'  "Ecclesia"). 

Allon,  Erskine,  composer,  son  of  Dr. 
Henry  Allon,  born  at  Canonbury,  London, 
1864.  Educated  at  Reading  and  Trin.  Coll. 
Cambridge.  Studied  music  under  W.  H. 
Birch  and  other  masters,  and  later  under  P. 
Corder.     Resident  in  London. 

Works. — Comic  opera,  MS.  Cantatas — 
]\Iay  Margaret,  Op.  17,  1889  ;  Annie  of  Loch- 
royan.  Op.  20,  1890,  produced  by  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  May  18,  1893  ;  The  Childe 
of  Elle,  Op.  23,  1891,  produced  Islington,  Dec. 
18, 1891;  The  Maid  of  Colonsay,  Op.  25, 1894; 
Sir  Nicholas  (choral  ballad),  1895  ;  and  The 
Oak  of  Geismar,  1895  (MS.).  Songs— 0^.  8, 
5  ;  Twelve  songs.  Op.  7  ;  Albums  of  old  Eng- 
lish songs,  Op.  15,  18,  24,  28,  and  34  ;  Ten 
love  songs.  Op.  18  ;  Six  pastorals.  Op.  84  ; 
Albums  of  songs  (words  by  Dolly  Radford), 
Op.  9,  27,  29,  and  33  ;  various  songs,  duets, 
and  part-songs.  Instrumental — Chamber 
music ;  Quintet  in  C,  pf.  and  strings.  Op. 
35 ;  Trio,  Op.  22 ;  Sonatas,  pf.  and  violin, 
in  F,  Op.  19,  in  G,  Op.  21.  Pianoforte  Solo— 
Sonatas,  in  C  and  G  minor.  Op.  11  and  12  ; 
The  i\Ionths,  twelve  piece.-=;,  Op.  8  ;  Three  sets 
of  European  dances.  Op.  16,  30,  and  31  (also 
for  orchestra)  ;  Suite  in  F  minor,  Op.  26 ; 
Ballet  music,  and  other  pieces,  in  dance 
rhythms,  &c. 

Allum,  Charles  Edward,  organist  and 
conductor,  born  at  Great  Marlow,  Bucks., 
June  27,  1852.  Studied  under  Mr.  Yates,  or- 
ganist of  Bisham  Abbey,  and  afterwards  was 
pupil  and  assistant  of  the  late  W.  W.  Ring- 
rose.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1888,  ]\Ius.  Doc, 
1887,  Dublin.  In  1 874  he  was  appointed  organ- 
ist and  choirmaster  of  Holy  Trinity  Episcopal 
Church,  Stirling,  and  also  conductor  of  the 
Stirling  Choral  Society.  Bj'  his  energy  and 
ability  the  musical  services  of  the  church  were 
greatly  improved,  and  the  Choral  Society  raised 
to  more  than  local  importance.  The  first  per- 
formance in  Scotland  of  Gounod's  Mors  et  vita, 
took  place  under  his  direction,  December  11, 
1885.  He  holds  the  appointments  of  organist 
of  the  Public  Halls,  Stirling,  and  Town  Hall, 
Alloa.  His  compositions  include  a  setting  of 
Ps.  84,  and  a  short  oratorio,  "The  Deliverence 
of  Israel " ;  only  some  church  music,  and  tran- 
scriptions for  the  organ,  have  been  published. 
Author  of  The  Complete  Scale  and  Arpeggio 
Manuel  (Wickins).  Dr.  Allum  holds  the  rank 
of  Captain  in  the  4th  Stirlingshire  Volunteer 
Battalion. 

Alpress  H.  Q.  Rivers,  violinist,  born 
in  Bendigo,  Victoria,  Australia,  in  1864.     He 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


9 


ALQUIN. 

founded  the  Sydney  Orpheus  Society,  and  for 
some  years  was  conductor  of  the  Sydney  Lie- 
dertafel.  He  is  now  associated  with  the  Sydney 
Amateur  Orchestral  Society,  and  is  heard  at 
the  principal  concerts.  As  a  solo  player  his  rep- 
utation is  very  high,  and  his  repertory  embraces 
the  concertos  of  the  great  masters,  and  the 
principal  works  of  all  schools  for  the  violin. 

Alquin,  Frank  C.  d',  bass  vocalist,  born 
in  London,  of  German  parentage.  Studied  at 
Milan,  under  Visoni  and  Nava.  Sang  with 
success  in  Italy  and  Germany;  and  has  been 
heard  in  concerts  in  various  parts  of  Britain. 
Now  resident  at  Brighton  as  teacher  of  sing- 
ing. When  a  child  he  studied  the  violoncello 
under  Piatti,  and  at  his  concerts  in  Brighton 
he  frequently  plays  solos  upon  that  instru- 
ment. He  is  well-known  as  a  song  composer, 
his  publications  including  The  carol  singers; 
Romanza  Pastorale;  L'  Aube  Nait  (Victor 
Hugo) ;  and  numerous  others ;  also  the  "Pre- 
paratory Exercise  for  the  Shake." 

Alsop,  John,  composer  of  present  time,  of 
Newton  Abbey,  was  awarded  the  Sir  Michael 
Costa  Prize  of  ten  guineas.  Trinity  College, 
London,  with  the  gold  medal,  1888,  for  an 
orchestral  overture  in  F.  He  is  also  the  com- 
poser of  a  cantata,  "  The  Sower  "  [1895]. 

Alston,  John,  educationist,  was  born  at 
Glasgow  in  1777.  He  was  a  merchant  and 
magistrate  of  Glasgow,  aud  identified  himself 
■with  the  Blind  Asylum,  of  which  he  became 
a  director  and  honorary  treasurer.  In  18-37 
he  published  specimens  of  printing  for  the 
blind  in  raised  Roman  type,  and  from  that 
date  he  issued  a  large  number  of  books,  chiefly 
educational,  for  use  among  the  blind.  His  two 
works  on  music  in  raised  type  for  the  blind  are 
the  earliest  of  the  kind  known  to  us.  The  first 
was  "  Musical  catechism,  with  tunes,  for  the 
blind."  Glasgow  [1838]  ;  and  the  second  "A 
selection  of  Scottish  songs,  embossed  for  the 
use  of  the  blind."  Glasgow  (printed  in  the 
Asylum  at  the  Institution  Press),  1844.  This 
work  is  stated  to  be  "  the  first  book  of  songs, 
set  to  music,  printed  in  relief  for  the  instruc- 
tion of  the  blind."  In  1843  a  bust  of  Alston 
from  the  chisel  of  James  Fillans  was  unveiled 
in  the  Glasgow  Asylum  for  the  blind,  the  in- 
scription on  which  records  the  fact  that  he 
printed  the  first  bible  "  in  raised  letters  for 
the  use  of  the  blind."  He  died  at  Glasgow, 
August  20,  1846,  after  a  career  of  usefulness 
and  distinction. 

Ambler,  Sarah,  see  Brereton,  Mrs.W.  H. 

Ames,  John  Carlowitz,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  at  Westbury-on-Trym,  near  Bris- 
tol, January  8, 1860.  His  father,  Geo.  A.  Ames 
(born  May  10,  1827  ;  died  in  London.  January 
3,  1893),  was  a  talented  amateur  violinist,  pu- 
pil of  i\Iolique,  and,  under  an  assumed  name, 
played  in  the  orchestra  of  the  Birmingham 
Festival  of  1846,  when  Mendelsson's  "  Elijah  " 


AMOTT. 

was  produced.  He  was  the  composer  of  a 
string  quartet,  and  other  works.  J.  C.  Ames 
first  studied  under  Sir  Herbert  Oakeley,  who 
persuaded  his  father  to  let  him  take  up  music 
as  a  profession.  He  then  went  to  Stuttgart, 
1878,  remaining  there  until  1881,  studying 
the  pf.  under  Lebert  and  Pruckner,  and  com- 
position under  Goetschius  and  Faisst.  After- 
wards he  became  a  pupil  of  Franz  Wiillner  at 
Dresden.  One  of  the  early  advocates  of  the 
Janko  Keyboard,  he  exhibited  its  powers  at  a 
concert  at  the  Burlington  Hall,  London,  in 
December,  1888,  and  has  given  recitals  at  the 
Conferences  of  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians  in  London,  1893,  and  Scarborough, 
1894,  and  since  in  several  towns  in  the  pro- 
vinces. 

Works.— Psalm  130,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  Dresden,  1877.  Consertstiick,  Dres- 
den, 1888 ;  Concerto  in  C  minor.  Op.  8,  Crystal 
Palace  (Oscar  Beringer),  1889,  both  for  pf.  and 
orchestra.  Concerto  in  D,  minor,  violin  and 
orchestra,  London,  1892  ;  Quartet  in  E  minor, 
strings  (Dresden);  Trio  in  E,  pf.  and  strings; 
Sonata,  pf.  and  violin ;  pianoforte  pieces,  etc. 

Marie  Mildred  Ames,  sister  of  the  preced- 
ing, was  born  June  20,  1867.  Studied  under 
her  brother  for  three  years,  and  then  at  the 
R.A.M.,  instrumentation  with  F.  Corder;  later 
at  Berlin.  Won  the  Charles  Mortimer  Prize 
for  composition  at  R.A.M.,  1894.  Has  written 
an  Andante  and  Rondo  for  clarionet  and  pf. ; 
Andante  in  G,  Barcarolle,  and  other  pieces 
for  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Amner,  John,  composer  and  organist,  was 
born  about  the  end  of  the  16th  century.  He 
was  appointed  organist  and  choirmaster  of  Ely 
Cathedral  in  1610,  and  took  the  degree  of  Mus. 
Bac.  Oxford  in  1613.    He  died  at  Ely  in  1641. 

Works.— Sacred  hymns  of  3,  4.  6,  and  6 
parts  for  voyces  aud  vyols.  London,  1615. 
Some  of  his  anthems  and  other  music  for  the 
church  service  are  preserved  in  ms.  at  Ely, 
Cambridge  (Peterhouse  and  Christ  Church), 
Oxford,  and  in  the  British  Museum.  According 
to  Burney  he  published  some  madrigals. 

Ralph  Amner,  a  bass  singer,  probably  a 
relative  of  the  above,  was  a  lay  clerk  at  Ely 
Cathedral  in  1604,  and  gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal  in  1623.  He  was  a  minor  canon 
of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor.  He  died  at 
Windsor,  March  3,  1664. 

Amott,  John,  composer  and  organist,  born 
at  Monmouth  in  1798,  was  organist  of  Abbey 
Church,  Shrewsbury,  from  1822  to  1832;  and 
organist  of  Gloucester  Cathedral  in  succession 
to  IMutlow,  1832-65.  He  died  at  Gloucester, 
February  9,  1865.  He  composed  services, 
anthems,  etc.,  and  acted  as  conductor  of  the 
Gloucester  Musical  Festivals.  He  edited  a 
second  edition  of  Lysons'  work  on  the  Three 
choirs  festivals,  entitled  "The  Annals  of  the 
Three  Choirs,  etc."     London  [1864]. 


10 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


AMPS. 

Amps,  William,  organist  and  composer  of 
the  present  time.  Was  conductor,  for  some 
years,  of  the  Cambridge  University  IMusical 
Societj',  the  concerts  of  wliich  he  distinguished 
by  the  production  of  choral  works — Mendels- 
sohn's "  Elijah  "  (1853) ;  Antigone,  and  others. 
He  was  organist  of  St.  Peter's  Church,  Cam- 
bridge. Of  his  compositions,  two  pf.  sonatas, 
and  two  sonatinas  have  been  published,  as 
also  six  vocal  quartets  (1850),  and  six  part- 
songs  (18G5). 

Anchors,  William,  musician  of  early  part 
of  18th  century,  published  "A  Choice  Collec- 
tion of  Psalm-'Tunes,  Hymns,  and  Anthems." 
London  [1720]. 

Anderson,  Andrew,  compiler  of  "  Sacred 
Harmony  .  .  .  adapted  to  the  version  of  the 
psalms,  paraphrases,  and  hymns  used  in  Pres- 
byterian churches  and  chapels  .  .  .  London 
[18401. 

Anderson,  George  Frederick,  violinist, 
born  Londou,  1793.  He  married  Mjss  Lucy 
Philpot,  the  pianist,  in  July,  1820.  He  held 
the  appointments  of  conductor  of  Royal 
Private  Band,  and  hon.  treasurer  of  Philhar- 
monic Society  and  Royal  Society  of  Musicians. 
He  died  at  London,  December  14,  1876.  He 
published  "  Statement  of  Mr.  G.  F.  Anderson, 
in  repl}'  to  calumnious  charges  against  him 
as  Director  of  Her  Majesty's  Private  Band." 
Norwich  [1855].     Privately  printed. 

Anderson,  James  Smith,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Grail,  Fifesbire,  June  30, 
1858.  Musical  training,  private.  F.R.C.O.  ; 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1878.  Has  held  various 
organ  appointments,  including  the  Parish 
Church,  Abbey,  1877-9,  and  St.  Andrew's 
Parish  Church.  Edinburgh,  from  1881.  He 
is  teacher  of  pf.  at  Moray  House  Training 
College  and  School;  and  lecturer  on  harmonj' 
and  counterpoint  at  St.  George's  Classes, 
Edinburgh  ;  both  i^ositions  dating  from  1892. 
A  skilful  organist,  he  'has  rendered  valuable 
service  at  concerts.  His  comjDositions  com- 
prise Psalm  100,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orches- 
tra ;  operettas,  "Hearts  and  homes"  and 
"  Land  of  romance,"  which  are  published ; 
as  also  some  songs  and  pf.  pieces.  He  also 
revised  the  harmonies  of  the  "  Blackburn 
tune  book,"  and  composed  hymn  tunes. 

Anderson,  John,  violinist  and  conrposer, 
born  1737  ;  died  at  Liverness,  June  5,  1808. 
He  published  "  Selection  of  the  most  approved 
Highland  strathspeys,  country  dances,  Eng- 
lish and  French  dances,  with  a  harpsichord 
or  violoncello  bass."  Edinburgh  [1790],  two 
collections.  "  Budget  of  strathspeys,  reels, 
and  country  dances  for  the  German  flute  or 
violin,"  Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Anderson,  Josephine,  born  Bartolozzi, 
mezzo-soprano  singer,  born  at  London  in  1806. 
She  was  a  younger  sister  of  Madaime  Vestris, 
and  studied  under  Corri,  etc.     In  1828  she 


ANDERSON. 

made  her  debut  as  Rosina  in  the  "  Barber  of 
Seville,"  at  the  Haymarket  Theatre,  London, 
and  afterwards  sang  at  London  and  provincial 
concerts.  She  died  of  consumption,  on  May 
1,  1848,  aged  42. 

Anderson,  Lucy,  born  Philpot,  wife  of 
G.  F.  Anderson,  was  born  at  Bath,  December, 
1790.  She  was  instructed  in  music  by  her 
father  and  James  W.  Windsor,  and  became  a 
pianist  of  great  promise.  She  appeared  at 
the  Pnilharmonic  Society  concert  in  London, 
April  29,  1822,  being  the  first  lady  pianist 
who  ever  did  so,  and  afterwards  played  at 
many  of  the  principal  concerts.  She  was 
teacher  of  Queen  Victoria  and  several  other 
members  of  the  royal  family.  Died  at  Lon- 
don, December  24,  1878. 

Anderson,  Robert,  amateur  musician, 
was  born  in  Fraserburgh,  Aberdeenshire, 
May  6,  1835,  and  died  there  on  November  22, 
1882.  He  was  a  solicitor  in  Fraserburgh  and 
composed  several  part-songs  of  which  the 
"  Herring  Song "  is  best  known.  He  also 
composed  "  Songs  of  Zion  "in  12  numbers, 
published  bj-  Novello. 

Anderson,  Rev.  William,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Kilsyth,  Stirliugshire,  Janu- 
ary 6,  1799.  He  was  a  popular  minister  of  the 
United  Presbyterian  Church  in  Glasgow,  and 
for  many  years  was  pastor  of  John  Street 
United  Iresbyterian  Church.  He  died  at  Ud- 
dingston,  near  Glasgow,  September  15,  1872. 

Early  in  his  career  he  edited  and  published 
anonymously,  "The  Sacred  Choir:  a  collection 
of  music  adapted  to  the  psalms,  paraphrases 
and  hymns  in  general  use  in  Scotland,  and 
specially  to  the  collection  of  hymns  sanctioned 
by  the  Synod  of  Relief,"  Glasgow  [1841].  This 
contains  "Thanksgiving,"  "'Trinity,"  and  the 
"  Sacred  Choir,"  tares  by  himself.  The  har- 
monies were  revised  by  Samuel  Barr.  He  also 
compiled  "  A  selection  of  psalm  and  hymn- 
tunes,  adapted  to  various  measures."  Glasgow 
[1844].  For  "  The  Choir:  a  collection  of  psalm 
and  hyinn  tunes  .  .  .  selected  and  composed 
by  Alex.  Duncan."  Glasgow,  1828,  he  wrote  a 
preface.  Among  other  literary  works  he  wrote 
"  Apology  for  the  Organ  as  an  assistance  of 
congregational  psalmody."     Glasgow,  1829. 

Anderson,  William,  writer  and  musician, 
born  at  Aberdeen  [1817].  He  was  a  clothier  in 
Aberdeen  and  held  the  appointment  of  precen- 
tor in  the  South  Parish  Church  from  1835,  and 
in  the  Free  South  Church  from  1843  to  1871. 
He  died  at  Aberdeen,  August  6,  1875. 

Author  of  "  Remarks  on  congregational 
Psalmody."  Aberdeen,  1855.  "  Precentors 
and  Musical  Professors  :  being  brief  sketches 
of  some  of  those  more  worthy  of  notice  who 
flourished  in  Aberdeen  in  the  course  of  the 
last  hundred  years."  Aberdeen,  1876.  This 
work  contains  26  notices  and  is  prefaced  by 
[  a  memoir  of  the  author. 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


11 


ANDEETON. 

Anderton,  Thomas,  composer,  organist, 
and  pianist,  born  in  Birmingham,  April  15, 
1836.  Teaciier  of  music  in  that  city,  and 
organist  of  Parish  Church,  Solihull.  Mus. 
Bac,  Cambridge,  1865.  Conducted  the  first 
singing  class  established  at  the  Birmingham 
and  Midland  Institute,  and  for  some  years 
carried  on  a  series  of  high-class  orchestral 
concerts  at  the  Exchange  Assembly  Rooms. 
Musical  critic  of  the  Birmingham  Daily 
Gazette.  Becoming  part  proprietor  and  editor 
of  the  Midland  Counties'  Herald,  he  retired 
from  the  musical  profession  in  1874,  but  con- 
tinued to  compose  and  occasionally  gave 
lectures  on  musical  subjects. 

Works. — Cantatas :  The  song  of  Deborah 
and  Barak,  Solihull,  1871  ;  The  wise  and 
foolish  virgins  ;  The  Wreck  of  the  Hesperus  ; 
John  Gilpin  ;  The  three  jovial  huntsmen, 
1881 ;  The  Norman  Baron.  1884  ;  Yule  Tide, 
Birmingham  Festival,  1885.  An  English 
requiem,  1890.  Prize  glee.  Mat  o'  the  Mill. 
Songs :  Come  to  me,  O  ye  children ;  The 
felling  of  the  trees,  and  many  others.  Orches- 
tral :  Symphony  in  D ;  Overtures  ;  Marches  ; 
Allemande  in  F ;  Quartet  in  F,  strings,  1884. 
Pianoforte :  Allemande  ;  Play  hours,  etc. 
Literary :  Letters  from  a  country  house,  1891. 

His  brother,  John  Anderton,  is  a  librettist 
and  dramatic  author,  and  has  furnished  more 
than  one  "  book  "  for  the  composer. 

Andrews,  F.  H.,  Canadian  (?)  musician. 
Published  "  Collection  of  original  sacred  mu- 
sic, with  organ  or  pianoforte  accompani- 
ment," Montreal,  1848. 

Andrews,  John  Charles  Bond=,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  at  Birkenhead.  At  eleven 
years  of  age,  began  his  musical  career  by 
giving  a  series  of  pf.  recitals  ;  and  two  years 
afterwards  was  sent  to  Leipzig,  where  he 
studied  under  Reinecke  and  others.  He  also 
had  lessons  from  Sterndale  Bennett,  at  the 
R.A.M.,  and  studied  at  Vienna.  In  1876  he 
gave  recitals  at  Birkenhead,  and  has  appeared 
with  success  as  a  pianist  in  London  and  other 
cities  ;  he  has  also  officiated  as  conductor  to 
touring  opera  companies.  He  has  composed 
several  operas — "  Heme's  Oak,"  produced  at 
Liverpool,  October,  1887  :  "  The  Rose  of 
Windsor  "  (both  books  by  Walter  Parke),  Ac- 
crington,  August,  1889  ;  and  an  operetta,  "A 
Pair  of  Lunatics  "  (1892).  Quartet  in  B  flat ;  ' 
Trio  in  D  minor,  pf.  and  strings ;  Sonata  in 
G  minor  ;  "  May  Pole  "  suite  ;  and  many 
other  pieces  for  pf.,  &c. 

Andrews,  Mrs.  John  Holman,  born 
Jenny  Constant,  a  teacher  of  singing  and 
composer,  born  in  1817.  She  resided  in  Lon- 
don as  a  teacher,  and  died  there  April  29, 
1878.  She  published  "  Two  part  exercises  " 
(for  the  voice)  [1860].  Songfs— Adieu  ;  Au- 
tumn's golden  leaf ;  Go  lovely  rose ;  Prince 
Charley's  farewell  to  Scotland,  etc.   Nocturne 


APTOMMAS. 

for  pf.,  and  other  instrumental  music. 

Andrews,  Richard  Hoffmann,  writer 
and  composer,  born  in  Loudon,  November  22, 
i  1803.  Appeared  as  a  child  actor  on  the  stage 
at  the  Theatre  Royal,  Birmingham,  and  in 
1809  played  the  part  of  Pistol's  boy  in  Henry 
v.,  at  Liverpool.  At  the  age  of  nine  he  was 
apprenticed  to  the  leader  of  the  Manchester 
Theatre  band,  and  continued  to  reside  in  that 
city  as  teacher,  and  later  as  music  publisher. 
He  gave  a  concert  so  late  as  February  23, 
1885,  when  he  played  a  violin  solo.  He 
edited  and  arranged  a  vast  number  of  works 
I  for  the  pianoforte,  and  wrote  several  glees 
I  which  enjoyed  great  popularity — "  Hail  fair 
peace "  being  one  of  the  earliest.  He  was 
author  of  "  Music  as  a  Science,"  1885  ;  "  Sa- 
cred music,  adapted  for  public  and  private 
devotion  ;"  and  edited  "The  Family  Vocalist," 
"  Songs  of  the  Hearth,"  "  Handel's  Songs," 
"  The  German  Choral  Harmonist,"  etc.  He 
died  at  Longsight,  Manchester,  June  8,  1891. 
His  sons,  Richard  Hoffmann  (born  at  Man- 
chester, May  24,  1881),  and  Edward  Hoff- 
mann (born  at  Manchester,  February  7, 1836), 
are  settled  in  the  United  States  as  pianists 
and  composers. 

Angel,  Alfred,  organist  and  comjDOser, 
was  born  in  1816.  Held  appointment  of 
organist  of  Exeter  Cathedral  1842-1876.  He 
died  at  Exeter,  May  24,  1876.  Composer  of 
"  Arise  my  fair  and  come  away,"  part  song, 
songs,  and  other  vocal  music.  A  son  of  his 
was  drowned  in  the  wreck  of  the  "  London," 
in  1865. 

Anger,  Joseph  Humfrey,  organist  and 
composer.  Musical  training  private  ;  gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1889.  Organist  at 
Bristol  and,  in  1891,  of  Ludlow  parish  church, 
and  music  master  in  King  Edward  VI.  school 
there.  Appointed,  1893,  principal  in  theory 
department  of  Toronto  Conservatoire  of  J\Iusic 
and  organist  and  CM.  of  the  Church  of  the 
Ascension.  His  setting  of  Psalm  96,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra,  gained  the  gold  medal 
of  the  Bath  Philharmonic  Society,  and  was 
performed  by  that  Society,  April  11,  1888. 
Other  compositions  are  "Bonnie  Belle,"  mad- 
rigal for  six  voices,  London  Madrigal  Society 
prize,  1890  ;  madrigal,  "  All  on  a  summer's 
morning;"   Pianoforte  pieces,  &c. 

Ansell,J.  K.,  musician.  Published  "  Col- 
lection of  sacr.'d  music  for  the  service  of  the 
Catholic  Church  .  .  .  ."  London  [1818]. 
"Ave  Regina,  for  four  voices  and  chorus." 
Songs,  Cavalry  march,  &c. 

Anstey,  Thomas,  musician.  Issued  a  col- 
lection of  "  Sacred  music  ...  in  solo,  duet, 
trio,  and  quartett."     London  [1830],  2  vols. 

Aptommas,  Thomas  Thomas,  harpist 
(brother  of  John  Thomas),  born  at  Bridgend, 
Glamorgan,  1829.  Has  made  tours  through- 
out the  United  Kingdom,  and  played  at  many 


12 


BRITISH   MUSICAL  BIOGRAPHY. 


AQUILA. 

musical  ceutres  on  the  continent,  appearing 
at  the  celebrated  Gewandhaus  Concerts,  Leip- 
zig, January  18,  1872.  Has  a  wide  reputation 
as  a  brilliant  performer  on  the  harp.  Author 
of  a  "  History  of  the  Harp,"  1859,  and  many 
Fantasias  and  other  pieces  for  ihat  instru- 
ment. 

Aquila,  pseudonym,  of  Edwin  Ransford. 

Archer,  Frederic,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Oxford,  June  16,  1838.  Chorister  at 
All  Saints',  Margaret  Street,  Loudon,  and 
afterwards  studied  at  Leipzig.  He  succeeded 
Dr.  Chipp. as  organist  at  the  Panopticon,  and 
held  similar  positions  at  Mercon  College,  Ox- 
ford, and  the  Alexandra  Palace,  Muswell  Hill, 
following  Mr.  Weist  Hill  as  conductor  at  the 
latter,  a  post  he  held  until  1880.  Conductor, 
1878- 80, of  theGlasgow  Select  Choir,  for  which 
he  arranged  several  Scutch  airs  as  part-songs. 
About  the  same  time  he  was  also  conductor  of 
the  Blanche  Cole  Opera  Company  on  its  pro- 
vincial tours.  In  1881  he  was  api^ointed  or- 
ganist of  the  Rev.  H.  Ward  Beecher's  Church, 
Brooklyn,  U.S..\.,  but  left  the  next  year  for 
the  Episcopal  Church  of  ihe  Incarnation. 
Since  then  he  has  been  organist  of  several 
different  churches,  his  latest  post  being  at 
Pittsburg,  with  an  annual  stipend  of  £800.  He 
was  organist  at  IMapleson's  New  York  season 
of  Italian  Opera,  1882,  and  at  the  Toronto 
Festival,  June,  188G.  For  some  years  he  was 
editor  of  the  New  York  Musical  paper,  the 
Keynote,  and  contributed  many  articles  to  the 
earlier  volumes  of  Mtisical  Opinion,  London, 
and  other  papers. 

Works. — The  Organ :  a  theoretical  and  prac- 
tical treatise  (Novello  &  Co.);  The  college  or- 
ganist (Weekes) ;  Grand  fantasia  in  F ;  Concert 
variations ;  March  triomphale ;  and  many 
pieces  for  the  organ.  Duo  coucertante,  flute 
and  pf . ;  Three  impromptus ;  Two  gavottes ; 
and  other  pieces  for  pf ,    Songs,  part-songs,  etc. 

Argent,  William  Ignatius,  organist, 
composer,  and  conductor,  born  at  Colchester, 
August  26,  1841.  Organist  of  Little  Oratory, 
Brompton,  1859-60.  Since  1868  resident  in 
Liverpool  and  Birkenhead.  Organist  succes- 
sivel}'  at  St.  Lawrence,  Birkenhead,  and  St. 
Anne's  I'R.C),  Edge  Hill.  Conductor  at  dif- 
ferent periods  of  musical  societies  at  Widnes, 
Frodsham,  Garston,  and  of  the  St.  Cecilia 
Society,  Liverpool.  ^Musical  critic  of  the 
Liverpool  Albion,  1873-80,  and  Merctiry,  1886- 
90.  Contributor  to  ihe  Musical  Times  and 
other  papers.  One  of  the  founders  of  the 
Liverpool  Sundaj-  Society,  in  connection  with 
which  he  has  not  only  delivered  lectures,  but 
organised  an  orchestra  of  seventy  performers, 
and  for  years  given  series  of  Sunday  Concerts 
in  St.  George's  Hall. 

WoRK.s.— IMass  in  A  (1875) ;  Mass  in  B  flat 
(1887) ;  Tantum  ergo  and  0  Salutaris  hostia, 
for  chorus  and  orchestra;  Motets,  anthems, 


ARMITT. 

etc.  An  opera  di  camera  (1863),  and  other 
works  in  ms.  Author  of  "Half-a-century  of 
music  in  Liverpool,"  1889. 

Arkwright,  Mrs.  Robert,  was  a  daughter 
of  Stephen  Kemble,  the  actor  (1758-1822). 
She  appeared  as  an  actress  at  Newcastle  and 
Edinburgh,  and  was  married  to  a  Captain 
Arkwright. 

Works. — Set  of  six  ancient  Spanish  ballads 
.  .  .  London  [1832],  2nd  set  [1835].  Set  of 
six  songs,  the  words  from  Mrs.  Hemans,  Mrs. 
Opie,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  etc.,  with  pf .  accompani- 
ment by  '1'.  Cooke  [1835] .  Three  other  similar 
sets.  Six  sacred  songs  [1866].  Ballads — 
Beloved  one,  Beth  Gelert,  Repentence,  Sab- 
bath bell  at  sea.  Sailor's  grave.  Pirate's  fare- 
well, Zara's  ear-rings,  etc. 

Armes,  Philip,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Norwich,  March  29,  1836.  Chorister 
at  Norwich  Cathedral,  1846-48,  and  at  Roches- 
ter Cathedral,  1848-50.  Was  articled  to  Dr. 
J.  L.  Hopkins  in  1850,  and  was  assistant  or- 
ganist at  the  Cathedral  up  to  1856.  In  1855 
lie  was  appointed  organist  at  Trinitj'  Church, 
Milton,  Gravesend,  and  two  years  later  went 
to  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street,  London.  Here 
he  remained  till  1861,  when  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  Chichester  Cathedral,  a  post  he 
left  a  year  later  for  Durham  Cathedral,  which 
position  he  still  holds.  He  graduated  !Mus. 
Bac.  Oxon.,  1858,  and  Mus.  Doc.  1864.  In 
addition  he  has  received  the  degrees  of  ]\Ius. 
Bac.  ad  eundcm,  Durham,  1868 ;  Mus.  Doc, 
1874 ;  M.A.  Honoris  causa,  1891 ;  and  was 
elected  Fellow  of  the  (Royal)  College  of  Or- 
ganists in  1892.  Resident  Examiner  in  Music 
to  University  of  Durham,  1890;  Examiner  in 
Music  to  University  of  Oxford,  1894. 

Works. — Hezekiah,an  oratorio,  produced  at 
Newcastle-on-Tyne,  1877,  and  revised  and  en- 
larged at  the  Worcester  Festival,  1878.  Church 
oratorios  :  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  produced 
at  St.  Peter's  Church,  Bramley,  Leeds,  July 
5,  1881,  and  at  the  Choir  Festival,  Y^ork  I\Iin- 
ster,  July  7;  St  Barnabas,  produced  at  Dur- 
ham Cathedral,  July  30,  1891.  Communion 
services,  in  A  and  B  flat  Anthems  :  The  Lord 
preserveth  (Harvest) ;  Rejoice  in  the  Lord,  etc. 
Cantata  and  Deus  for  Festival  in  Durham 
Cathedral,  July,  1894.  Paper  on  English 
church  music  of  Purcell's  period,  read  at  the 
Church  Congress,  Norwich,  October  10,  1895. 

Armitt,  Mary  Louisa,  writer  on  music, 
born  at  Salford,  September  24,  1851.  Her 
father,  of  a  musical  family,  was  assistant 
overseer  of  Salford.  Her  own  tastes  being  of 
an  antiquarian  turn  in  connection  with  music, 
she  has  spent  much  time  in  exploring  the 
Bodleian,  Cambridge  University,  and  other 
libraries  in  England  and  on  the  continent ; 
and  her  contributions  to  the  press  have  real 
historical  value.  She  wrote  the  musical 
sketches,  "The  Choirman  of  Grayford  "  and 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


13 


ARMSTRONG. 

"  A  Stranger's  visit  "  for  the  Qtcarterly  Musical 
Review  (edited  by  Dr.  Hiles),  and  also  papers  on  ' 
Anthony  a'  Wood,  and  Old  English  Viol  Music.  ' 
In  the  Musical  Times  (November,  1391),  "  A  j 
Richmond  Idyll"  reveals  facts  not  generally 
known  concerning  Charles  Coleman's  domestic 
life;   a  paper  on  "Old   English   Fingering" 
(March,  1895),  in  the  same  journal,  should  be 
also  mentioned.   Miss  Armitt  has  also  contri- 
buted to  The  Queen,  Musical  Standard,  Musi- 
cal World,  Musical  Netvs,  and  acted  as  musical 
critic  for  some  time  for  the  Manchester  City 
Neius.      She  is  now  resident   at   Ambleside, 
Westmorland. 

Armstrong,  Helen   Porter,  born  Mit- 
chell,   known    professionally    as    Madame 
Melba,  soprano  vocalist,  born  at  Melbourne, 
Australia,  1859.   Daughter  of  David  Mitchell,  ' 
contractor.    Sang  in  the  choir  of  St.  Francis'  [ 
Roman   Catholic    Church,    Melbourne,    and 
appeared  at  the  Melbourne  Liedertafel  con-  ' 
certs,   1884.     Made   her  first  appearance   in  , 
Europe  at  Emil  Bach's  concert.  Prince's  Hall,  , 
London,  June  1,  1886.     A  pupil  of  Madame 
Marchesi,  her  operatic  debut  took  place  at  the 
Theatre  de  la  Monnaie,  Brussels,  as  "Gilda,"in 
*'  Rigoletto,"  October  12, 1887.    She  appeared 
at  the  Royal  Opera,  Covent  Garden,  May  24, 
1888,  as  "  Lucia,"  in  the  "  Bride  of  Lammer- 
moor,"  and  has  in  subsequent  seasons  been 
heard  in  a  variety  of  parts.     She  sang  at  La 
Scala,  Milan,  in  1893;  at  the  Handel  Festival, 
Crystal  Palace,  June  27, 1894  (Selection  Day) ; 
in  opera.  New  York,  and  elsewhere,  and  has 
established  herself  as  a  jprima  donna  of  the 
first  rank.     In  1882  she  married  Mr.  Charles 
Armstrong,  of  Queensland. 

Her  sister,  Fkederica  Mitchell,  is  con- 
sidered one  of  the  most  accomplished  vocalists 
in  Melbourne.  In  1891  she  was  principal 
soprano  in  the  Roman  Catholic  Church 
(St.  George's)  Carlton,  Melbourne.  She  sang, 
November  24,  1883,  in  Dublin,  at  a  concert 
of  the  University  Choral  Society. 

Arne,  Michael,  composer,  natural  son  of 
Thomas  A.  Arne,  born  London,  1741.  He 
was  educated  for  the  stage  by  his  aunt,  Mrs. 
Gibber.  In  1751  he  first  appeared  as  a 
vocalist.  He  married  Elizabeth  Wright,  the 
soprano  singer,  in  November,  1766,  and  in 
1779  became  director  of  music  at  a  theatre  in 
Dublin.  He  returned  to  London  and  was 
director  of  oratorios  in  1784.  He  devoted 
himself  latterly  to  the  study  of  alchemy  and 
lost  his  fortune  in  the  pursuit.  Died  at 
Lambeth,  London,  January  14,  1786. 

Works. — Musical  dramas  :  The  fairy  tale, 
1763  ;  Almena(with  Battishill)  1764  ;  Positive 
man,  1764;  Hymen,  1764;  Cymon,  1767;  The 
Father,  1778  ;  The  Belle's  stratagem,  1780 ; 
Choice  of  Harlequin,  1781 ;  Tristram  Shandy, 
1783.  The  flow'ret,  a  new  collection  of  English 
songs.     Glees,  many  single  songs,  etc. 


ARNE. 

His  wife  Elizabeth  Wright  (born  about 
1743,  died?)  soprano  singer,  sang  at  the  prin- 
cipal concerts  of  her  day. 

Anne,  Susanna  Maria,  see  Cibbeb 
(Susanna  ^I.) 

Arne,  Thomas  Augustine,  composer, 
born  in  King  Street,  Covent  Garden,  London, 
May  28,  1710,  son  of  an  upholsterer.  He  was 
educated  at  Eton  College,  being  intended  for 
the  legal  profession,  but  his  natural  aptitude 
for  music  led  him  to  study  privately,  and  he 
had  lessons  on  the  spinnet,  and  private  lessons 
on  the  violin,  from  Festing.  In  1736  he 
married  Cecilia  Young,  daughter  of  Charles 
Young,  an  organist,  and  in  1738  became  com- 
poser to  Drury  Lane  Theatre.  From  1742  to 
1744  he  resided  in  Dublin,  and  on  his  return 
to  London  in  1745  he  became  composer  to 
Vauxhall  Gardens,  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
and  the  principal  London  theatres.  Doc. 
Mus.,  Oxford,  1759.  He  died,  London, 
March  5,  1778,  and  is  buried  in  St.  Paul's, 
Covent  Garden. 

Works. — Operas  and  Musical  Dramas: 
Rosamond  (Addison),  Lincoln's  Inn  Field's 
Theatre,  March  7,  1733;  Opera  of  operas,  or 
Tom  Thumb,  1733;  Dido  and  Jilneas,  1734  ; 
Comus.  a  masque,  London,  1738 ;  Judgment  of 
Paris,  a  masque,  1740;  Alfred,  a  masque,  Lon- 
don, 1740  [by  Thomson  and  Mallet,  in  which 
is  the  celebrated  national  song  "Rule, 
Britannia,"  written  hy  Thomson]  ;  Britannia, 
a  masque,  Dublin,  1743;  Eliza,  opera,  Dublin, 
1743  ;  Artaxerxes,  opera,  London,  1762  [the 
well-known  psalm-tune  "  Artaxerxes  "  is 
taken  from  the  minuet  at  the  end  of  the 
overture  to  this  opera,  and  was  first  adapted 
by  R.  Harrison  in  vol.  1  of  his  "  Sacred 
harmony,"  1784]  ;  The  fairies,  1762  ;  Olim- 
piade,  1765.  Music  to  Plays:  Fall  of  Phaeton, 
London,  1736  ;  Zara,  1736  ;  Blind  beggar  of 
Bethnall  Green,  1741 ;  Thomas  and  Sally, 
Dublin,  1743 ;  Temple  of  Dulness,  1745 ; 
King  Pepin's  campaign,  1745  ;  Neptune  and 
Amphitrite,  1746;  Don  Saverio,  1749;  The 
Prophetess,  1759  ;  The  Sultan,  1759  ;  Love  in 
a  village,  1762 ;  Birth  of  Hercules  (never 
produced)  1763  ;  Guardian  outwitted,  1764 ; 
Ladies'  frolic  (with  W.  Bates),  1770  ;  Fairy 
prince,  1771 ;  The  Cooper,  1772  ;  Elfrida  (by 
Mason)  1772;  The  Rose,  1773;  Contest  of 
beauty  and  virtue,  1773  ;  Achilles  in  petti- 
coats, 1773  ;  May-Day,  1775  ;  Phcebe  at  court, 
1776  ;  Caractacus  (by  Mason),  1776  (MS.  lost). 
Music  to  Shakespeare's  As  you  like  it,  1740  ; 
Twelfth  Night,  1741 ;  Merchant  of  Venice, 
1742 ;  Tempest,  1746 ;  Romeo  and  Juliet, 
1750.  Oratorios  :  Abel,  London,  March,  1755  ; 
Judith,  London,  February,  1764.  Ode  on 
Shakespeare,  composed  for  the  Stratford 
Jubilee,  1769.  Songs,  etc.  :  Lyric  harmony, 
for  voice,  harpsichord  and  violin  ;  The  Syren, 
a  collection  of  favourite  songs  ;  Vocal  grove  ; 


14 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ARNE. 

Summer  amusement  ;  Winter  amusement  : 
Vocal  melody,  1760 ;  Glees,  catches,  etc., 
in  Warren's  collection  and  elsewhere.  Over- 
tures for  orchestra.  Sonatas  for  violin.  Con- 
certos for  organ.  Sonatas  for  harpsichord.  The 
compleat  musician,  .  .  .  heing  a  collection 
of  vocal  and  instrumental  music  .... 
London  [1760]. 

Arne,  Mrs.  born  Cecilia  Young  (born 
1711,  died  October  6,  1789),  was  a  singer  of 
much  note  in  her  day  and  appeared  in  man}' 
of  her  husband's  works,  as  well  as  at  most  of 
the  leading  concerts. 

Arnold,  George  Benjamin,  composer 
and  organist,  born  at  Petworth,  Sussex, 
December  22,  1832.  Studied  under  Dr.  S. 
Sebastian  Wesley,  and  graduated  llus.  Bac, 
Oxon.,  1855,  and  Mus.  Doc,  1801.  Organist 
successively  at  St.  Columba's  College,  1852  ; 
St.  ]\Iary's,  Torquay,  1856 ;  New  College, 
Oxford,  1860 ;  and  Winchester  Cathedral, 
1865,  in  which  city  he  is  resident  at  the 
present  time.  He  lias  given  concerts  with  his 
specially  formed  choir,  and  appeared  with 
success  as  a  pianist. 

WoKKb. — Oratorios  :  Ahab,  Exeter  Hall, 
London,  by  the  National  Choral  Society, 
April  6,  1864 ;  The  second  coming  of  our 
Lord  (MS.)  Cantatas  :  The  Song  of  David 
(MS.) ;  Sennacherib,  Gloucester  Festival, 
1883  ;  The  Song  of  the  redeemed,  written  for 
St.  James's  church,  New  York,  and  produced 
there,  1891.  Communion  Service  in  G ;  Te 
Deum  and  Jubilate  in  D,  etc.  Anthems  : 
Praise  the  Lord  ;  Let  the  righteous  be  glad  ; 
The  night  is  far  spent,  etc.  Part  Songs  : 
Thou  soft  flowing  Avon  ;  Live  like  the  rose, 
etc.  So7igs  :  Go,  sit  by  the  summer  sea. 
Harmony  (Lancashire  Choral  Union  Prize 
Glee),  and  others.  Pianoforte  Mjisic  :  Sonata 
in  F  minor ;  Sonata  in  D  ;  Prelude  and 
Fugue,  etc. 

Arnold,   John,    "  Philo   Musicae,"  com- 
poser,   of    Great    Warley,    Essex,    born    [c. 
1715-20] ;  died  in  February,  1792.    He  issued 
the    following     collections  : — The    Compleat  i 
Psalmodist,  or  organist's  parish  clerk's  and 
psalm-singer's    companion,    in    four    books,  ! 
1741;    also   London,    1750;    4th    ed.,    1756;' 
5th  ed.,  1761 ;   6th  ed.,  1769  ;   7th  ed.,  1779. 
The  Psalmist's  recreation    .    .    .    1757.    The 
Leicestershire  harmony,  containing  a  set  of 
excellent  psalm  tunes  and  anthems  composed 
in  modern  taste  for  4  voices,  b}'  an  eminent 
master  of  the  county  of  Leicester,  and  now 
first  published  by  J.  Arnold,  London,  1759  ;  j 
also  2nd  ed.,  1771.     Essex  Harmony  :  being  a  ■ 
choice    collection    of     the    most    celebrated 
songs,  catches,  canons,  epigrams,  canzonets 
and  glees,  for  2,  3,  4,  and  5  voices     .     .     . 
vol.  1.,  1750  ;  vol.  2,  1709;  various  editions  of 
both  volumes. 
Arnold,    Matthew,    organist    and    con- 


ARNOLD. 

ductor.  Was  organist  at  Leeds ;  in  1865  ap- 
pointed to  W^esleyan  Chapel,  Eccleshill,  near 
Bradford  ;  and  of  Enniskillen  Parish  Church 
in  1875.  He  very  soon  established  a  choral 
society  there,  and  for  nearly  twenty  years 
conducted  a  series  of  concerts,  appearing  like- 
wise as  violinist  and  pianist,  and  occasionally 
as  lecturer  on  musical  topics.  An  active  and 
useful  career  was  closed  by  his  death,  at  En- 
niskillen, March  24,  1894.  His  son,  Charles 
Hayun  Arnold,  born  1871,  is  a  pianist  and 
organist.  He  made  his  debut  at  his  father's 
concert,  September  11,  1884  (with  his  sister 
Edith,  two  years  his  junior),  and  at  the  age 
of  seventeen,  in  1888,  was  appointed  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  St.  Flannan's  (cathedral) 
Church,  Killaloe,  near  Limerick,  where  he  is 
engaged  as  teacher,  and  also  conductor  of 
choral  classes,  &c. 

Arnold,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
born  London,  August  10,  1740.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  the  Chapel  Royal,  under  Bernard 
Gates  and  Nares.  In  1763  he  was  composer 
to  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  and  he  afterwards 
became  owner  of  Marylebone  Gardens,  in 
1769,  at  which  he  produced  various  dramatic 
entertainments,  of  which  two  were  written 
by  Thomas  Chatterton.  He  retired  from  this 
enterprise  in  1771,  after  much  loss.  In  1771 
he  married  Miss  Napier.  He  was  made  Mus. 
Bac.  and  Doc,  Oxford,  1773.  In  1783  he 
succeeded  Dr.  Nares  as  organist  aiid  composer 
to  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  in  the  following 
year  acted  as  sub-director  of  the  Handel 
commemoration.  He  was  conductor  of  the 
Academy  of  Ancient  Music  from  1789.  and 
organist  of  Westminster  Abbey  from  1793. 
In  conjunction  with  Dr.  Callcott  he  estab- 
lished the  Glee  Club,  and  was  connected  with 
many  of  the  musical  enterprises  of  his  time. 
He  died  at  London,  October  22,  1802,  and  is 
buried  in  Westminster  Abbey,  where  a  monu- 
ment to  his  memory  is  placed. 

Works. — Musical  Dramas,  etc.— j\Iaid  of 
the  Mill,  1765  ;  Rosamond,  1767 ;  Portrait, 
1770 ;  Mother  Shipton,  1770  ;  Son-in-law, 
1779  ;  Summer  amusements,  1779  ;  Fire  and 
water,  1780;  Wedding  night,  1780;  Silver 
tankard,  1780 ;  Dead  alive,  1781 ;  Castle  of 
Andalusia,  1782  ;  Harlequin  Teague,  1782 
Gretna  Green,  1783 ;  Hunt  the  slipper,  1784 
Two  to  one,  .  784  ;  Turk  and  no  Turk,  1785 
Siege  of  Cuzj.ola,  1785  ;  Inkle  and  Y'arico, 
1787 ;  Enraged  musician,  1788 ;  Battle  of 
Hexham,  1789  ;  New  Spain,  1790 ;  Basket 
maker,  1790 ;  Surrender  of  Calais,  1791  ; 
Harlequin  and  Faustus,  1793 ;  Children  in 
the  wood,  1793 ;  Auld  Robin  Grey,  1794  ;  Zo- 
rinski,  1795 ;  Mountaineers,  1795  ;  Love  and 
money,  1795  ;  Who  pays  the  reckoning  ? 
1795  ;  Shipwreck,  comic  opera,  1796,  Op.  40  ; 
Bannian  Day,  1796 ;  Italian  monk,  1797 ; 
False  and  true,  1798  ;  Cambro-Britains,  1798  ; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


ARNOLD. 

Throw  physic  to  the  dogs,  1798;  Obi,  1800, 
The  Review,  1801  ;  Corsair,  1801  ;  Veteran 
Tar,  1801;  Sixty-third  letter,  1802;  Fairies' 
revels,  1802  ;  Tiie  Revenge  ;  Woman  of  spirit. 
Oratorios — Cure  of  Saul,  1767  ;  Abimelech, 
1768;  I'rodigal  Son,  1773 ;  Resurrection,  1777; 
Redemption  (compiled  from  Handel's  works), 
1786 ;  Elijah,  1795.  Two  services  in  A  and 
B  flat.  Anthems.  Cathedral  music,  a  col- 
lection in  score  of  the  most  valuable  and 
useful  compositions  by  the  English  masters 
of  the  17th  and  18th  centuries.  London,  1790. 
The  Psalms  of  David,  for  the  use  of  Parish 
Churches,  edited  with  J.  W.  Callcott.  Lon- 
don, 1791.  0  .e  for  the  anniversary  of  the 
London  Hospital.  Anacreontic  songs  for  one, 
two,  three,  and  four  voices.  London,  1785. 
Songs  composed  for  Vauxhall  Gardens,  several 
sets.  Concei-tos,  overtures,  lessons,  and  eon- 
atas  for  harpsichord  or  pf.  Edited  works  of 
Handel,  in  36  vols. 

Arnold,  Thomas,  musician.  Published 
"  The  Celestial  Wreath,  a  collection  of  fa- 
vourite Psalms  and  Hymns."  London  [1840]. 
Daily  Exercises  for  a  soprano  voice,  etc.  Lon- 
don [1861].  Songs.  Selection  of  popular  airs 
for  two  performers  on  the  pianoforte,  etc. 
London  [1862].  12  nos.  "The  Union,"  a 
colleciion  of  easy  duets  for  pf.  [1866]. 

Arnott,  Archibald  Davidson,  composer 
and  organist,  born  in  Glasgow,  February  25, 
1870.  His  parents  removed  to  London  when 
he  was  ten  years  old,  but,  though  passionately 
fond  of  music,  he  did  not  begin  the  serious 
study  of  the  art  until  he  entered  his  twenty- 
first  year.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Durham, 
1891,  being  the  first  graduate  by  examination 
at  that  University.  His  exercise  was  a  Gloria 
in  four  movements,  for  solo,  chorus,  and  orch- 
estra, parts  of  which  have  frequently  been 
given  since  as  an  anthem  in  Durham  Cathe- 
dral. Studied  for  a  year  at  the  R.C.M.,  under 
Drs.  Parry  and  Stanford,  and  afterwards  with 
Mr.  F.  Corder.  Organist  of  St.  George's,  Perry 
Vale;  Trinity  Church,  Forest  Hill;  St.  Gab- 
riel's, Pimlico;  and,  since  1893,  organist  to 
the  Hon.  Soc.  of  Gray's  Inn. 

Works. — Operas:  Angeio,  a  Noble  of  Venice 
(two  acts,  composed  January,  1895) ;  IMarie 
Ancel  (four  acts,  music  and  libretto,  com- 
posed July,  1895) ;  Cantatas  :  Young  Lochin- 
var,  op.  6,  for  chorus  and  orchestra  (composed 
1893,  produced  Crystal  Palace,  March  16, 
1895)  ;  The  ballad  of  Carmilhan,  for  baritone 
solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra  (composed  1894, 
produced  Queen's  Hall,  February  26,  1895); 
The  Lost  galleon,  poem  by  Bret  Harre,  for 
the  same  combination  (1896) ;  Vita  Christi,  a 
sacred  mystery  (1896).  Scena:  The  Stilling 
of  the  tempest,  op,  8,  for  baritone  and  orch- 
estra. 4  Cycles  of  songs,  words  by  Edith  M. 
Dunaway  and  others,  op.  1,  2,  12,  13  ;  various 
songs,  etc.     Two  concert  overtures  for  orch- 


ASHLEY. 

estra,  op.  3,  in  D  minor,  op.  5,  in  D  major; 
Trio  in  A,  op.  4,  for  pf.  and  strings,  produced 
Mus.  Artists'  Society,  March  16,  1896. 

Arthur,  J.,  musician,  author  of  "The 
modern  Art  of  Flute  Playing."  London,  1827. 
Ascher,  Joseph,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  of  German  parents  at  London  in  1831. 
He  studied  the  pianoforte  under  Moscheles  and 
at  Paris,  where  he  chiefly  resided.  He  held  the 
appoimment  of  pianist  to  the  Empress  Eu- 

j  genie.     He  died  London,  June  20,  1869. 

I  Works.  —  Pianoforte  :  Op.  1  Tarentella ; 
Valses :  Op.  2,  4,  18,  4  6,  100,  108 ;  Nocturnes: 
Op.  3,  125;  Dances :  Op.  6,  24,  61 ;  Op.  7  ;  La 
Fileuse,  Reveries,  etc. :  Op.  9,  10,  42,  78,  89 

[  110,  124,  127 ;  Mazurkas  :  Op.  11,  41,  98,  107 

'  Impromptus:  Op.  12,  26,  65,  81,  82,  99,  105 

I  Polkas,   Galops :  Op.   13,  31,  49,  83,  91,  96 

;  Op.  14,  Barcarolle;  Caprices:  Op.  17,  22,  .30 
109,111,  113;  Op.  21,  u'orgie;  Marches:  Op 
25,  43,  62,  72 ;  Idylles :  Op.  29,  39,  128 ;  Op 
32,  Le  Papillon;  Op.  35,  Styrienne  ;  Op.  38 
64,  Souvenirs ;  Op.  40,  Fanfare ;  Op.  42,  Pri6re 
Op.  48,  Les  Clochettes;  Op.  51,  La  Savillana 
Op.  52,  La  Fanchonette  ;  Op  58,  Tyrolienne 
Op.  66,  Ave  Maria  ;  Op.  73,  La  Zingara  ;  Op 
74,  La  Favorite ;  Op.  80,  La  Cascade  de  Roses 
Op.  88,  Berceuse;  Op.  90,  Fantasia;  Op.  92, 
Serenade ;   Op.  93,  La  Phal^ne  ;  Op.  94,  Le 

I  Chalet  ;Op.l02,Rhapsodie:Op.  104,Rondedes 
Elfes  ;  Op.  106,  La  Cloche  du  Convent ;  Op. 
112,  I  Lazzaroni ;  Op.   119,  Les  Sylphes  des 

,  Bois;  Op.  121,  Volhynia;  Op.  126,  Marinilla. 

I  Transcriptions  and  other  arrangements  :  Op. 
16,  19,  20,  27,  28,  33-37,  44,  45,  50,  53,  55,  56, 

'  60,  63,  67-71,  75-77,  87,  101, 103,  114-118,  122, 
etc.  Songs:  Alice,  where  art  thou?;  Bygone 
love ;  I'll  think  of  thee ;  M6lanie  :  Twilight 
dreji,m,  etc. 

j  Ashe,  Andrew,  flute-player,  born  Lis- 
burn,  1758  [1756J  ?  He  was  educated  at  Wool- 
wich, where  he  learned  the  violin,  and  was 
afterwards  adopted  by  General  Bentinck,  with 
whom  he  went  to  Mmorca,  and  subsequently 
to  Spain,  Portugal,  France,  German}',  and 
Holland.  At  the  Hague  he  received  lessons  on 
the  flute  from  Wendling,  and  became  family 
musician  to  Lord  Torrington  at  Brussels,  where 
he  gained  the  post  of  first  flute-player  at  the 
Opera  House,  in  competition  with  Vanhall, 
1779.  He  resided  in  Dublin,  1784-91,  and 
appeard  at  London,  1792,  at  Saloman's  second 
concert,  where  he  played  a  flute  concerto  of 
his  own.  In  1799  he  married  Miss  Comer,  a 
vocalist.  He  held  the  position  of  principal 
flute-player  at  the  Italian  Opera,  London,  and 
was  director  of  the  Bath  concerts  from  1810 
to  1822.  He  died  at  Dublin,  April,  1838.  He 
composed  concertos,  etc.  for  the  flute. 

Ashley,  John,  musician  and  conductor, 
born  in  first  half  of  the  18th  century.  He  was 
assistant-conductor  under  Joah  Bates  of  the 
Handel  commemoration,  1784,  director  of  ora- 


16 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ASHLEY. 

torio  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  1795,  and  a 
performer  on  the  double-bass.  He  organized  a 
band,  in  which  his  sons  were  performers,  which 
gave  concerts  of  instrumental  music  in  various 
parts  of  England.     He  died  March  2,  1805. 

His  sons,  all  of  whom  played  in  his  band, 
were  General  Charles  (1769 — August  28, 
1818),  a  violinist ;  John  James  (1771 — Lon- 
don, January  5, 1815),  an  orgauist  and  teacher 
of  singing,  who  numbered  among  his  pupils 
Mrs.  Salmon,  Mrs.  Vaughan,  and  others.  He 
composed  "Three  Canzonets,  Op.  5,"  songs, 
and  instrumental  music.  Charles  Jane 
(1773— August  20, 1843),  violoncellist,  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  Glee  Club,  and  Sec.  to 
Royal  Soc.  of  Musicians.  He  was  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Philharmonic  Soc,  and  became 
proprietor  of  the  Tivoli  Gardens  in  1843.  For 
nearl)'  twenty  3'ears  he  was  a  prisoner  for  debt 
in  King's  Bench  Prison,  London.  His  brother 
Richard  (1775  —  1830)  was  a  violinist,  and 
played  chiefly  in  provincial  orchestras. 

Ashley,  Josiah  or  John,  composer  and 
vocalist,  born  Bath,  1780.  He  resided  chiefly 
at  Bath,  where  he  was  a  teacher  and  concert 
vocalist.     Died  at  Rath  in  1830. 

Works. — Songs  ;  Honest  Ben  ;  Heart  that 
o'erflows  with  good  nature;  Origin  of  old 
bachelors ;  Poor  Joe,  the  marine ;  Poor  orphan 
maid,  etc.  Reminiscences  and  observations 
respecting  the  origin  of  our  national  anthem 
.  .  .  1827.  Letter  to  the  Rev.  W.  L.  Bowles, 
supplementary  to  the  observations  .  .  .  1827. 
Both  tracts  in  answer  to  Richard  Clark's 
work.  In  the  "Bath  and  Bristol  Magazine," 
October,  1834,  the  article  on  "God  save  the 
king"  is  reprinted. 

Ashton,  Algernon  Bennet  Langton, 
composer  and  pianist,  third  son  of  Cliarles 
Ashton  (q.r.),  born  at  Durham,  December  9, 
1859.  On  the  death  of  his  father,  the  family 
went  to  reside  at  Leipzig,  and  Moscheles  took 
a  great  interest  in  the  boy,  whose  talent  was 
manifested  at  a  very  early  age.  His  first  in- 
structors at  Leipzig  were  Franz  Heinig  and 
Ivan  Knorr.  At  the  age  of  fifteen  he  entered 
the  Conservatorium,  his  teachers  being  Rein- 
ecke,  E.  F.  Richter,  Jadassohn,  R.  Papperitz, 
and  Coccius.  On  leaving,  in  1879,  he  was 
awarded  the  Helbig  prize,  having  on  two 
previous  occasions  taken  the  yearly  prizes  for 
composition.  He  then  visited  England  for  a 
short  time,  returning  to  Germany  for  further 
study  under  Raff,  at  Frankfort,  1880-1.  After 
that  time  he  took  up  his  residence  in  London, 
and  in  1885  was  appointed  Professor  of  the 
pianoforte  at  the  Royal  College  of  Music.  He 
has  given  many  concerts  in  London  and  else- 
where, and  has  appeared  as  pianist  at  Leipzig, 
and  in  1894  toured  on  the  Continent  with  Mr. 
Ben  Davies,  the  vocalist.  His  compositions 
are  very  numerous,  the  following  list  includ- 
ing the  most  important  of  them. 


ASHTON. 

Works. — Orchestral :  Three  concert  over- 
tures (one  in  F,  produced  at  the  Hanley 
Festival,  1888);  Concerto,  pf.  and  orchestra; 
Concerto,  violin  and  orchestra.  Chamber 
Music  :  Quintets  in  C,  op.  25  ;  in  E  minor ; 
Quartets,  F  shai-p  minor,  op.  34  ;  C  minor ; 
Trios,  in  E  flat ;  in  A,  op.  88,  all  for  pf.  and 
strings  ;  Quartet  in  B  flat,  strings  (Musical 
Artists'  Society  Prize,  1886) ;  Sonatas  in  F, 
op.  6  ;  in  G,  pf.  and  violoncello  ;  in  A  minor, 
op.  14  ;  in  E,  op.  38  ;  in  C  minor,  op.  80,  pf. 
and  violin  ;  Op.  44,  pf.  and  viola  ;  and  many 
pieces  in  smaller  form.  Pianoforte  :  Suite  in 
F,  for  two  pianos  ;  Six  sets  of  duets ;  Three 
pieces,  op.  63  ;  "  Aquarellen,"  seven  pieces,  op. 
87,  etc.  Vocal :  Salvum  fac  regem,  for  chorus, 
op.  27 ;  Part-songs  for  men's  voices,  and  for 
mixed  choirs ;  Duets ;  Four  songs  (Geibel), 
op.  46 ;  Six  songs,  op.  52 ;  Nine  songs,  op. 
89,  etc.  Organ  :  Interludium,  op.  11 ;  Minuet 
in  C,  op.  81,  etc. 

Ashton,  Charles,  tenor  singer,  born  at 
Lincoln,  Feb.  1,  1815.  In  1822  he  became 
a  chorister  in  the  cathedral  under  Benjamin 
Whall,  the  choirmaster.  Appointed  first  tenor 
at  Lincoln  Cathedral,  1831,  and  held  the  post 
till  1841.  He  also  acted  as  organist  in  the 
churches  of  St.  Peter's  at  Gowts,  and  St. 
Peter's  in  Eastgate,  Lincoln.  He  was  leading 
tenor  at  Durham  Cathedral  from  1841  till 
1862.  He  was  a  successful  teacher  of  singing, 
and  sang  at  many  of  the  provincial  festivals. 
Died  at  London,  July  11,  1862,  when  there 
seeking  medical  advice.  He  published  several 
anthems  arranged  from  Beethoven,  Mozart, 
etc.,  and  issued  "  Services  of  the  church  .  .  . 
consisting  of  the  Preces,  Responses,  etc.,  as 
sung  ill  Durham  Cathedral  .  .  ."  Loudon, 
1844.  Several  of  his  children  inherited  his 
musical  tasie,  among  whom  are  Algernon  and 
Uiana,  separately  noticed. 

Ashton,  Diana  Uvedale,  daughter  of  the 
preceding,  born  at  Durham,  October  21, 1840. 
Studied  at  first  with  her  father,  and,  shewing 
great  ability,  was  sent  to  Leipzig,  where  she 
received  instruction  from  Moscheles,  Haupt- 
mann,  and  E.  F.  Richter.  Returning  after 
three  years'  stay  in  Leipzig,  she  intended 
settling  in  London,  but  the  unexpected  death 
of  her  father  necessitated  a  change  in  the 
plans  of  the  family.  For  some  time  she 
remained  in  Durham,  occupied  in  teaching ; 
but  seeking  a  wider  sphere  for  her  talent  she 
went  to  New  York,  and  later  to  Chicago, 
where  she  married  a  German  musician,  Louis 
Staab.  She  lost  all  her  property  in  the  great 
fire  at  Chicago  in  1871,  and  never  recovering 
the  shock  of  that  terrible  event,  this  accom- 
plished artist  died  in  New  Y'ork,  December  21, 
1873.  E.  F.  Richter  dedicated  his  fine  pf. 
Sonata,  op.  27,  to  Miss  Ashton. 

Ashton,  Frank  B.,  see  CRA^vFOED, 
William. 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


17 


ASHTON. 

Ashton,  Gertrude  Cave=,  born  Holman 
Andrews,  soprano  vocalist,  born  in  Loudon, 
April  17,  1855.  Studied  under  her  mother 
(Mrs.  J.  Hohnan  Andrews),  and  Thorpe  Pede. 
D6but  at  Alexandra  Palace  Theatre,  1873; 
the  Popular  Concerts,  1876.  Sang  in  the 
provinces  with  I\Ir.  Sims  Reeves ;  and  in 
opera  with  the  Hersee  Opera  Company,  1877, 
and  the  Blanche  Cole  Company,  1879-  Has 
also  appeared  at  the  principal  concerts  in 
many  provincial  towns,  and  in  London.  In 
1875  she  was  married  to  Mr.  Frank  H.  Cave. 

Ashton,  or  Aston,  Hugh,  composer  who 
flourished  during  the  16th  century  and  held 
the  appointment  of  organist  to  Henry  VIII. 
He  composed  several  masses  and  anthems 
which  are  preserved  in  the  Music  School  at 
Oxford. 

Ashwell,  Thomas,  composer  who 
flourished  during  the  first  half  of  the  16th 
century.  He  composed  "  Twenty  Songs," 
1530,  and  various  motets,  etc.,  preserved  in 
MS.  in  the  Music  School  at  Oxford. 

Ashworth,  Caleb,  musician,  born  at 
Clough-Fold,  Rossendale,  Lancashire,  in  1722. 
He  was  educated  under  Doddridge,  at  North- 
ampton, and  was  Baptist  minister  and  tutor 
at  Daventry.  He  died  at  Daventry  July  18, 
1775.  He  compiled  "A  Collection  of  Tunes, 
suited  to  the  several  metres  commonly  used 
in  public  worship,  set  in  four  parts  .  .  .  [1760], 
3rd  edition,  1766  ;  and  wrote  an  "  Introduction 
to  the  Art  of  Singing,"  London,  1770,  prefixed 
to  the  later  editions  of  the  Collection  of  Tunes. 
He  also  published  a  Hebrew  Grammar,  Ser- 
mons, etc. 

Aspa,  Edwin,  composer  and  teacher,  was 
born  in  London  in  May,  1885,  of  Italian  par- 
ents. He  died  at  Lincoln,  August  17,  1883. 
Composer  of  "The Gipsies" and "Endymiou," 
cantatas  ;  songs,  pf.  music,  etc. 

AspuHjQeorge,  pianist  and  composer,born, 
Manchester,  June,  1813.  He  first  appeard  at  a 
concert  in  1822,  and  in  1823  appeared  at  Lon- 
don. Afterwards  he  gave  concerts  in  England 
and  Ireland,  and  in  1825  played  at  Paris,  being 
everywhere  hailed  as  a  precocious  genius  of 
exceptional  brilliancy.  He  died  at  Leaming- 
ton, August  19,  1832.  His  works  were  pub- 
lished as  "Posthumous  Works  of  George 
Aspull,"  edited  by  his  father  (Thomas  Aspull), 
Book  1.     London   [1837]. 

Aspull,  Wiillam,  composer,  born  Notting- 
ham, 1798.  Teacher  and  singer  in  Loudon. 
Died  in  London,  January  16,  1875. 

Works. — Songs  for  the  drawing  room  [1840]. 
Songs :  Bird  of  the  forest ;  Bright  eyes ;  Come, 
let  us  sing  ;  Eastern  love-letter  ;  Good-night ; 
I  think  of  thee ;  Lonely  heart ;  We  have  met ; 
The  wreckers,  etc.  Various  transcriptions  and 
other  wprks  for  pf.  Translations  of  Lemoine's 
harmony,  Nauenburg's  vocal  exercises,  Rink's 
Organ  school,  etc, 


ATTEY. 

Asquith,  John,  organist  and  composer  of 
the  present  time.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cam- 
bridge, 1878.  Organist  of  Parish  Church, 
Barnsley.  Has  published  church  services, 
anthems,  pieces  for  pf.,  organ,  songs,  etc.  Is 
author  of  a  pamphlet  "On  Ecclesiastical 
Music." 

Aston,  Hugh,  see  Ashton,  Hugh. 

Atkins,  Robert  Augustus,  organist  and 
composer,  was  born  in  1812.  He  became  or- 
ganist of  St.  Asaph's  Cathedral,  and  held  the 
post  for  over  50  years.  He  died  at  St.  Asaph, 
Augusts,  1889.  His  compositions  consist  of 
anthems  and  other  church  music. 

Atkinson,  Frederick  Cook,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Norwich,  August  21,  1841. 
Studied  under  Dr.  Buck,  and  was  assistant 
organist  at  the  Cathedral  until  appointed  to 
Manningham  Church,  Bradford.  He  gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  J867,  andin  1881 
was  appointed  organist  of  Norwich  Cathedral, 
a  post  he  resigned  in  1885.  From  1886,  he 
has  been  organist  of  St.  Mary's  Parish  Church, 
Lewisham.  He  has  composed  some  services 
and  anthems ;  a  volume  of  ilasonic  music  ; 
songs  and  part-songs  ;  and  pianoforte  pieces. 

Atkinson,  Q.  Q.,  musician.  Published 
"  The  Abbey  Bell,  a  collection  of  original 
Psalm  and  hymn  tunes    .    .    ."  London[1861]. 

Atkyns,  B.  K.,  author.  Issued  "  A  Choir- 
master's Manual :  coniaining  full  instructions 
for  training  a  choir."  n.d. 

Atter,  William,  musician.  Compiled 
"  Collection  of  Sacred  music,  adapted  to  the 
hymns  of  Burder  and  Dr.  Watts,  with  ac- 
companiment for  organ  or  pianoforte."  Lon- 
don [1845]. 

Atterbury,  Luffman,  composer,  born 
London,  in  first  half  of  18th  century  [c.  1735- 
40].  After  being  trained  in  music  he  became 
musician  in  ordinary  to  George  III.,  and  a 
teacher  in  London.  He  sang  in  the  Handel 
Commemoration,  1784,  and  gained  several 
prizes  from  the  Catch  Club.  He  died  at 
Westminster,  London,  June  11,  1796,  while 
giving  a  concert 

Works.— Mago  and  Dago  (play  with  music) 
1794.  Goliath,  oratorio,  1773.  Collection  of 
12  glees,  rounds,  etc..  Op.  2  [1788].  Collec- 
tion of  glees,  canzonets,  and  rounds  for  2,  3, 
and  4  voices,  Op.  3.  London  [1790].  Collec- 
tion of  catches  and  glees.  London,  n.d. 
Single  Glees,  &c. — Come  let  us  all  a  Maying 
go  ;  Come  mount  your  fleet  coursers  ;  Come 
ye  rural  nymphs ;  Cottagers  ;  Happy  we  ; 
Lads  and  lasses  hither  come  ;  Lay  that  sullen 
garland  by  thee  ;  Let's  banish  strife  and  sor- 
row ;  Will  you  go  to  the  fair  ;  With  horns  and 
hounds,  etc.  Songs — Mark  the  sweet  rosebud ; 
Say  why  a  blush  ;  Undaunted  Britons,  etc. 

Attey,  John,  composer,  born  about  1590  ; 
died  at  Ross,  Hereford,  about  1640.  He  com- 
posed "  First  booke  of  ayres  of  foure  parts, 

B 


18 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ATT  WATER. 

with  tableture  for  the  lute,  so  made  that  all 
the  parts  may  be  plaid  together  with  the  lute, 
or  one  voyce  with  the  "hue  and  bass  viol." 
London,    1G22. 

Attwater,  John  Post,  pianist,  organist, 
and  composer ;  born  at  Faversham,  Kent, 
June  26,  18G2.  In  1884  he  went  to  London, 
and  is  now  organist  of  Clapham  Congrega 
tional  Church.  Studied  under  Dr.  C.  J.  Frost, 
Dr.  C.  W.  Pearce,  and  others  ;  is  a  violinist  and 
vocalist,  and  F.K.C.O.  His  compositions 
include  a  setting  of  Psalm  34,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  organ,  and  many  songs  and  pieces  for 
pf.,  reaching  to  Op.  79. 

Attwood,  Thomas,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, born  London,  November  23,  176-5.  En- 
tered Chapel  Royal  as  chorister  1774.  He 
studied  under  Nares  and  Ayrton  1774-1781. 
In  1783  he  was  sent  to  Italy  by  George  IV., 
then  Prince  of  Wales,  to  continue  his  musical 
studies,  and  he  received  instruction  from  La- 
tilla  at  Isaples,  ^lozart  at  Vienna,  etc.,  from 
1783  to  1787.  On  his  return  to  England  he 
became  organist  of  St.  George  the  JIartyr, 
Holborn,  1787,  and  a  member  of  the  Prince 
of  Wales'  private  band.  From  1792  to  1795 
he  acted  as  music  master  to  several  members 
of  the  royal  family.  In  June,  1796,  he  be- 
came organist  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  Lon- 
don, and,  in  the  same  year,  composer  to  the 
Chapel  Royal.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society,  1813,  and  held  the 
appointments  of  organist  to  George  IV.  at  his 
private  chapel  at  Brighton,  1821,  and  organist 
of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1836.  He  died  at  Chel- 
sea, London,  March  24,  1838,  and  is  buried 
in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  under  the  organ. 

Works. — Musical  Dramas,  dx. — The  Priso- 
ner, 1792;  Mariners,  1793;  Caernarvon  Castle, 
1793;  Adopted  child,  1795;  Poor  sailor,  1795; 
Smugglers,  1796;  Devil  of  a  lover,  1798;  Mouth 
of  the  Nile,  1798;  Day  at  Rome,  1799  ;  Red 
Cross  Knight,  1799;  Castle  of  Sorrento,  1799; 
Magic  oak,  1799;  Old  clothesman,  1799;  Do- 
minion of  fancy,  1800;  True  friends,  1800;  Tha 
Escapes,  or  the  water  carrier  (from  Cherubini), 
1801  ;  II  Bondocani,  1801  ;  St.  David's  Day, 
1804 ;  Adrian  and  Orilla  (with  M.  Kelly),  1806 ; 
Curfew,  1807.  Church  services  in  F,  A,  D, 
and  C.  Anthems — Come  Hoi}'  Ghost  ;  Enter 
not  into  judgment ;  Grant,  we  beseech  Thee  ; 
I  was  glad  ;  Let  the  words  of  my  mouth  ;  0 
God,  who  by  the  leading  of  a  star  ;  They  that 
go  down  to  the  sea ;  Turn  Thee  again  O  Lord ; 
Turn  Thy  face  from  my  sins  ;  Withdraw  not 
Thou  Thy  mercy.  Nine  glees  for  three,  four, 
five,  and  six  voices.  London  [18281.  Songs — 
Dear  vale,  whose  green  retreats ;  The  sigh  ; 
Soldier's  dream  ;  Spacious  firmament;  Young 
Lochinvar,  etc. 

Audsley,  George  Ashdown,  architect 
and  musician,  was  born  at  Elgin  September 
6,   1838.      Has  lectured  on  Bach  and  other 


AVISON. 

musical  subjects,  and  is  author  of  a  work  on 
the  organ.  He  has  also  produced  a  number 
of  finely  illustrated  books  on  architecture 
and  decoration. 

Austen,  Augusta  Amherst  (Mrs.  T. 
Anstey  Guthrie),  composer  and  organist, 
born  London,  August  2,  1827.  She  studied  at 
the  Royal  Academy  of  Music,  and  was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  Ealing  Church  in  1844. 
This  post  she  held  till  1848,  when  she  re- 
ceived a  similar  appointment  at  Paddington 
Chapel.  This  she  resigned  in  1857,  and  soon 
after  she  married  Mr.  T.  A.  Guthrie.  She 
died  at  Glasgow  August  5,  1877.  She  com- 
posed various  hymn-tunes,  etc.  Her  son,  F. 
Anstey,  is  the  popular  novelist,  author  of 
"  Vice  Versa  "  and  other  works. 

Austin,  John,  author,  born  at  Craigton, 
near  Glasgow,  April  17.  1752.  He  was  a  manu- 
facturer in  Glasgow,  where  he  died  about  1830. 
He  published  "A  System  of  Stenographic 
Music."  London,  n.d.  [1820],  in  which  the 
proposal  is  made  to  substitute  one  line  and 
six  characters  for  the  ordinary  five  lines  and 
symbols  of  the  existing  musical  notation. 
There  is  a  short  notice  of  Austin,  with  por- 
trait, in  Kay's  "  Original  Portraits,"  vol.  2. 
p.  376.     Edinburgh,  1838. 

Austin,  Walter,  Amateur  composer,  bom 
at  Leeds.  Engaged  in  the  Civil  Service.  First 
came  into  notice  by  his  Cantata,  "The  Fire 
King,"  accepted  for  the  Leeds  Festival  of  1877. 
He  is  also  the  composer  of  an  Operetta,  "The 
Stepmother"  (Arthur  Sketchley),  produced  at 
St.  George's  Hall,  London,  1880;  an  overture, 
"The  Camp,"  performed  at  the  Covent  Gar- 
den Promenade  Concerts,  August,  1880;  and 
some  songs  and  pf.  pieces. 

Austin,  William  Frank,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Lichfield,  December  23, 
1846.  Began  his  career  as  a  chorister,  in  Lich- 
field Cathedral,  and  was  afterwards  associated 
with  the  musical  work  of  Rugby  School,  and 
Trinity  College,  London.  He  took  up  warmly 
the  subject  of  "English  Opera,"  upon  which 
he  lectured  and  wrote.  His  last  organ  api)oint- 
ment  was  at  St.  Andrew's,  Fulham.  He  died 
in  Loudon,  February  16,  1891.  His  composi- 
tions include  a  chorus.  The  Crusaders;  The 
Gondolier ;  Farewell,  dear  Love,  and  other 
songs ;  and  a  few  pieces  for  pianoforte. 

Avison,  Charles,  composer,  author,  and 
organist,  born  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  1710. 
He  is  supposed  to  have  gone  to  Italy  to  study 
music,  and  he  ceortainly  had  lessons  from 
Geminiani  in  London.  In  July,  1736,  he  be- 
came organist  of  St.  John's  Church,  New- 
castle, and  in  October  of  the  same  year  he 
was  appointed  organist  of  St.  Nicholas' 
Church,  Newcastle.  From  1736  he  gave  sub- 
scription concerts  in  Newcastle,  and  resided 
there  as  a  teacher.  He  died  Newcastle-upon- 
Tyne,  May  9,  1770. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


19 


AYLWARD. 

Works. —  Twenty -six  concertos  for  four 
violins,  Newcastle,  1758.  Eight  concertos  in 
seven  parts  for  four  violins,  one  alto-viola, 
/  a  violoncello,  and  a  thorough-bass  for  the 
harpsichord,  1755.  Twelve  concertos  in  seven 
parts  for  four  violins,  one  alto-violin,  violon- 
cello, and  thorough-bass  for  the  harpsichord, 
op.  6.  Six  concertos  in  seven  parts,  op.  10, 
London,  1769.  Six  sonatas  for  the  harpsi- 
chord, with  accompaniments  for  two  violins 
and  violoncello,  op.  5,  London,  1756 ;  another 
set,  op.  7,  Newcastle,  1760;  third  set,  op.  8, 
London,  1764.  Concertos  for  organ  or  harp- 
sichord, op.  9.  Songs,  etc.  An  Essay  on 
musical  expression,  London,  1752.  This  pro- 
voked an  acrimonious  discussion  with  Dr. 
Philip  Hayes  of  Oxford.  He  replied  to  Hayes 
in  the  second  edition,  1753,  of  his  essay,  and 
included  in  it  "A  letter  to  the  author  concern- 
ing the  music  of  the  ancients,"  written  by 
Dr.  Jortin.  The  third  edition  appeared  in 
1775,  "with  alterations  and  large  additions," 
and  in  the  same  year  a  German  translation 
was  published  at  Leipzig.  He  assisted  Dr. 
Garth,  of  Durham,  with  his  edition  of  Mar- 
cello's  Psalms,  1759,  after  having  himself 
issued  proposals  for  publishing  them.  His 
best-remembered  composition  is  "  Sound  the- 
loud  timbrel,"  otherwise  called  "  Miriam's 
song."  In  Robert  Browning's  poem,  "Parley- 
ings  with  certain  people  of  importance,"  a 
part  is  devoted  to  Avison. 

His  eldest  son,  Edward  (1747-1776)  suc- 
ceeded him  as  organist  at  St.  Nicholas',  and 
his  second  son,  Charles  (1750-1793)  was  or- 
ganist of  St.  John's. 

Aylward,  Theodore,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, born  about  173 1 .  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Royal  Society  of  Musicians  in  1763,  and  gained 
a  prize  medal  from  the  Catch  Club  in  1 769.  In 
June,  1771,  he  was  appointed  Professor  of  Mu- 
sic at  Gresham  College.  In  1784  he  was  assis- 
tant director  of  the  Handel  commemoration. 
He  held  the  appointments  of  organist  of  St. 
Lawrence,  Jewry,  1762;  St.  Michael's,  Corn- 
hill,  1768 ;  and  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor, 
1788.  In  1791  he  was  Mus.  Bac.  and  Doc,  Ox- 
ford. He  died  London,  February  27, 1801,  and 
is  buried  in  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor. 

Works. — Musical  dramas  :  Harlequin's  in- 
vasion [1787]  ;  Midsummer  night's  dream  ; 
Mago  and  1  )ago,  etc.  Six  lessons  for  the  harp- 
sichord, organ,  or  pianoforte,  op.  1  [1792]; 
Elegies  and  glees  [1785];  Eight  canzonets  for 
two  soprano  voices,  London  [1785].  Songs  :  Oft 
Oft  have  I  seen ;  Sweet  tyrant  love,  etc.  Church 
music  in  ms. 

Aylward.  A  family  of  musicians  related 
to  the  above.  William  Price  Aylward, 
great-nephew,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  circa, 
1810.  Was  for  about  thirty  years  organist  of 
St.  Martin's,  Salisbury,  and  in  1865  also 
appointed  to  St.  Edmunds.   Conductor  of  the 


AYRTON. 

Sarum  Choral  Society,  and  Bandmaster  of 
First  Wilts.  Rifle  Volunteers.  He  was  an 
excellent  flute  player.  Was  elected  Mayor 
of  Salisbury,  1868-9.  Died  1890.  He  had 
seven  children  in  the  musical  profession : — 
Augustus  Albkrt,  born  at  Salisbury,  organist 
successively  of  St.  Edmund's  and  St.  Thomas', 
Salisbury.  Contrabassist  and  conductor  of 
orchestral  concerts.  In  1 889  he  was  appointed 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  St.  Peter's, 
Ashtabula,  Ohio,  U.S.A.,  where  he  gained 
distinction  by  his  organ  recitals.  He  is  now 
resident  at  Basingstoke,  Hants. — Theodore 
Price,  organist,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  1844. 
Articled  pupil  of  Dr.  S.  S.  Wesley,  at  Win- 
chester and  Gloucester.  Organist  of  St. 
Matthew's,  Cheltenham  ;  St.  Columba's 
College,  Rathfarnham,  Dublin  ;  St.  Martin's, 
Salisbury  (during  his  father's  term  of  office 
as  Mayor) ;  Llandalf  Cathedral ;  Chichester 
Cathedral ;  and  since  1886,  of  the  Park  Hall, 
and  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Cardiff.  Editor  of 
the  Sarum  Hyxnnal,  1870. — William  Henry, 
violoncellist,  born  at  Salisbury,  1835.  Educated 
at  the  R.A.M. ;  King's  Scholar,  1850.  Member 
of  the  I'hilharmonic  and  Royal  Italian  opera 
orchestras ;  also  distinguished  as  a  quartet 
player.  Died  at  Slough,  March  12,  1878. — 
Amy  Aylwaed,  soprano  vocalist,  educated  at 
R.  A.  M.,  and  elected  an  Associate.  Sang  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts,  1880  ;  Cambridge 
University  Society's  Concerts  ;  and  elsewhere, 
and  is  now  resident  in  London. — Gertrude 
Aylward,  also  a  soprano,  has  sung  in  Lon- 
don, and  given  concerts  during  the  last  few 
years. — Janeita  Aylward.  pianist.  King's 
Scholar,  R.A.M.,  1852,  a  brilliant  and  highly 
promising  student,  died  June  7,  1853,  in  her 
sixteenth  year. — Leila  J.  Aylward,  jnianist, 
and  contralto  vocalist,  student,  and  Fellow 
R.A.M.,  has  given  some  excellent  Chamber 
Concerts  in  Salisbury ;  and  has  for  years  done 
good  work  in  the  advancement  of  musical  edu- 
cation in  the  district. 

Ayrton  Edmund,  composer  and  organist, 
born  Ripon,  Yorks.,  1784.  He  was  a  pupil  of 
Dr.  Nares,  at  York  Minster,  1744.  Organist 
of  Collegiate  Church,  Southwell,  1754-67. 
Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal,  1764,  and  vicar- 
choral  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London,  1767. 
Lay-Vicar,  Westminster  Abbey,  1780.  Master 
of  children  of  Chapel  Royal,  1783-1805.  Mus. 
Doc,  Cambridge,  1784.  Said  also  to  have 
incorporated  Mus.  Doc,  Oxford,  in  1788. 
Assistant-director  of  Handel  Commemoration, 
1784.  He  died  London,  May  22,  1808,  and  is 
buried  in  the  cloisters  of  Westminster  Abbey. 

Works. — Services  for  the  church  in  C  and 
E  flat;  Anthem,  "  Begin  unto  my  God,"  de- 
gree exercise,  1784.  Ode  to  Harmony  [1790] . 
Canon,  five  in  two  [1790] .     Songs,  etc. 

His  son  Thomas  (born  1781,  died  1822),  was 
organist  of  Ripon  Cathedral  for  some  years. 


20 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


AYRTON. 

Ayrton,  William,  author  and  composer, 
sou  of  Edmund  Aj-rtou,  born  London.  Feb.  24, 
1777.  l\e  married  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Samuel 
Arnold,  and  in  1801  unsuccessfull}'  competed 
for  the  Gresham  professorship  of  music. 
He  was  successively  editor  of  the  Moiming 
Chronicle,  1813-26  ;  Hattnonicon,  1823-33  ; 
and  Examiner,  1837-51.  Member  of  Royal 
Society,  Antiquarian  Society,  Atheua?um 
Club,  Philharmonic  Society,  etc.  He  died 
London,  May  8,  1H5S. 

Works.  —  Sacred  Minstrelsy :  a  collection  of 
sacred  music  by  the  great  masters  of  all  ages 
and  nations  .  .  .  with  biographies.  London, 
1 835, 2  vols.  Knight's  Musical  Library  (edited ), 
1834,  etc.,  8  vols.  Duets:  Pair  and  fair  ;  Oh! 
oh  !  memory.     Songs,  etc.,  etc. 

Ayton,  Fanny,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
Macclesfield,  1806.  She  studied  under  Man- 
ielli  at  Florence,  and  first  appeared  at  Venice 
in  opera,  1825,  in  Coccia's  "  Clotilda."  In 
February,  1827,  she  appeared  in  Loudon  as 
Ninetta  in  Rossini's  "  La  Gazza  Ladra,"  at 
the  King's  Theatre.  She  afterwards  sang  in 
London,  Birmingham,  and  elsewhere,  both  in 
opera  and  oratorio.  The  date  of  her  death 
remains  in  doub  ,  but  was  subsequent  to  1832 
as  she  appeared  in  February  of  that  year  in  a 
version  of  Meyerbeer's  "  Robert  le  Diable." 

Babell,  William,  violinist  and  composer, 
boru  1690.  He  studied  under  Dr.  Pepusch, 
and  became  a  member  of  the  Koyal  Band. 
He  was  also  organist  of  All  Hallows  Church, 
Bread  Street,  London.  He  died  London,  Sej)- 
tember  23.  1723. 

WoEKS.^ — XII.  solos  for  a  violin  or  hautboy, 
with  a  bass  figur'd  for  the  harj^sichord.  Lon- 
don [1720].  XII.  solos  for  a  violin,  hoboy,  or 
German  flute,  with  a  bass  figur'd  for  the 
harpsichord.  London  [1723].  Twelve  solos 
for  the  flute  or  hoboj^,  Op.  2.  Six  concertos 
for  the  piccolo,  flute,  and  violins.  Suits  of 
harpsichord  and  sj  inuet  lessons  collected  from 
the  most  celebrated  masters'  works.  London 
[1712].  Book  of  the  lady's  entertainment,  or 
banquet  of  musick,  being  a  choice  collection 
of  aires  and  duets  curious])'  set  and  fitted  to 
the  harpsichord  or  spiniet  (four  books  with 
varying  titles).     London  [1710-25]. 

Baber,  Miss  Colbourne  (Mrs.  Harrison 
White);  soprano  vncalist  of  present  time, 
born  at  Hobart,  Tasmania.  Pupil  of  Madame 
Lucy  Chambers.  Appeared  at  Melbourne 
Opera  House;  toured  through  India,  China, 
and  Japan.     Now  settled  in  Sydney,  N.S.W. 

Bache,  Constance,  pianist  and  Avriter, 
born  at  Edgbaston,  Birmingham,  the  voungest 
child  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Bache  (1804-1876), 
Minister  of  the  Church  of  the  Messiah,  Bir- 
mingham. Her  musical  talent  was  fostered 
by  her  brother,  Walter  Bache,  and  she  studied 
at   the   Conservatorium,  Miuiich,  becoming, 


BACHE. 

later  on,  a  puipil  of  Klindworth  and  Fritz 
Hartvigson.  An  accident  to  her  right  hand 
put  a  stop  to  the  public  career  open  to  her, 
but  she  played  occasionally  at  concerts  in  Bir- 
mingham, up  to  the  year  1883,  when  she 
settled  in  London  as  a  teacher,  devoting, 
however,  much  of  her  time  to  musical  litera- 
ture and  translations,  of  which  the  following 
are  the  most  important : — Liszt :  Oratorio,  St. 
Elizabeth  (see  Bache,  Walter)  ;  Letters,  2 
vols.  (Grevel,  1894)  ;  words  of  many  of  his 
songs.  H.  von  Bulow — Letters  and  literary 
remains  (Unwin,  1896),  Wagner: — Descriptive 
sketch  of  Beethoven's  Ninth  Spuphouy  (for 
Richter  concert  programmes).  Heintz  :  Aiia- 
lyses  of  W' agner's  "  Tristan  "  (1891)  ;  INIeister- 
singer  (1891)  ;  "  Parsifal  "  (1892).  Schumann  : 
"The  Rose's  Pilgrimage  ;"  Scenes  from  Goe- 
the's "Faust."  Mozart:  Libretto  of  "Bas- 
tian  and  Bastieuue  "  (1894).  Humiyerdinck  : 
Libretto  of  "  Hansel  and  Gretel ;"  Lobe's 
Catechism  of  Music,  and  Von  Bulow's  amio- 
tated  editions  of  Cramer,  Chopin,  etc.  Con- 
stance Bache  is  the  composer  of  the  songs, 
"  To  my  Love  "  and  "  The  rain  is  tailing." 

Bache,  Francis  Edward,  composer  and 
j)ianist,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Bache, 
born  at  Edgbaston,  Birmingham,  September 
14,  1833.  In  early  childhood  he  showed  ex- 
traordinary aptitude  for  music,  studying  the 
pianoforte,  organ,  and  violin,  making  such 
progress  in  the  last,  under  Alfred  INIellon,  that 
he  was  given  a  place  in  the  Festival  Orchestra 
in  1846,  when INIendelssohn produced  "Elijah." 
Upon  leaving  school  in  1849,  he  took  lessons 
fi'om  ]Mr.  James  StimiDson,  but  soon  left  for 
London,  where  he  studied  with  Sterndale 
Bennett.  In  1853  he  went  to  Leipzig,  stiidy- 
ing  under  Hauptmann  and  Plaidy.  and  took 
organ  lessons  from  J.  G.  Schneider  at  Dresden, 
in  1854.  He  gave  his  first  concert  in  Bir- 
mingham, at  the  beginning  of  December,  1855, 
but  his  health  was  already  failing,  and  he 
spent  the  winter  in  Algiers.  Here  he  gave  a 
concert,  in  March,  1856,  and  his  playing 
created  a  marked  impression.  From  Algiers 
he  went  to  Leipzig,  and  thence  to  Rome, 
where  he  spent  the  next  winter.  In  1857  he 
returned  home,  wintering  in  Torquay ;  back 
in  Birmingham,  April,  1858,  he  gradually 
sank,  and  expired  August  24,  before  he  had 
completed  his  25th  year.  His  capacity  for 
work  knew  no  bounds ;  he  was  alwaj^s  com- 
posing ;  and  only  a  few  weeks  before  his  death 
he  gave  a  concert,  chiefly  of  his  owti  works, 
but  he  was  unable,  though  present,  to  take 
his  part  in  the  performance.  He  was  a 
thinker,  and  in  a  series  of  letters,  written  in 
1856,  advocated  the  establishment  of  a  per- 
manent orchestra  in  Birmingham,  j)ointing 
out  the  great  artistic  results  that  should  fol- 
low. The  letters  were  not  considered  suitable 
for  the  pages  of  the   journal  to  which  they 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


21 


BACHE. 

were  addressed,  and  have  only  recently  been 
published,  and  that  in  connection  with  the 
formation  of  the  Scottish  Orchestra  at  Glas- 
gow, in  1893.  His  compositions  must  be 
looked  upon  as  the  promise  of  what  might 
have  been  had  he  lived  longer ;  they  prove, 
however,  that  in  Francis  Edward  Bache  death 
robbed  England  of  a  highly  gifted  artist. 

Works. — Operas  :  Which  is  which  (1851) ; 
Rubezahl  (1853).  Orchestral :  Overture  (per- 
formed, Adelphi  Theatre,  November,  1850)  ; 
Concerto  for  pianoforte  and  orchestra  in  E  ; 
Andante,  Rondo,  and  Polonaise  ;  Morceau  de 
concert  in  F,  for  pf .  and  orchestra.  Trio  in  D, 
pf .  and  strings.  Op.  28 ;  Two  Romances,  violin 
and  pf . ;  Romance  in  G,  flute  and  pf . ;  Romance 
for  pf .  and  'cello,  Op.  21.  Pianoforte :  Three  Im- 
promptus, Op.  1 ;  Two  Romances,  Op.  12  ;  Four 
Mazurkas,  Op.  13 ;  Five  characteristic  pieces. 
Op.  15 ;  Deux  Polkas,  Op.  17  ;  Souvenirs 
d'ltalie,  eight  pieces.  Op  19;  Les  Clochettas 
des  traineau.  Op.  20 ;  La  Peuseroso  e  I'Allegra, 
Op.  21: ;  Souvenirs  de  Torquay,  five  pieces,  Op. 
26 ;  other  pieces  and  transcriptions,  more  than 
fifty  in  all.  Introduction  and  Allegro,  organ. 
Six  songs  for  voice  and  pf..  Op.  16  ;  Litany, 
words  and  music  [1862] .  Four  songs  [1859]  ; 
and  single  songs — the  "Farewell "  being  worthy 
to  stand  side  by  side  with  the  lieder  of  Schu- 
bert and  Schumann. 

Bache,  Walter,  pianist,  born  at  Edgbas- 
ton,  Birmingham,  June  19, 1842.  Fourth  son 
of  the  Rev.  San^uel  Bache.  Educated  at  the 
Proprietary  School,  Edgbaston.  Began  the 
study  of  music  under  James  Stimpson,  and  at 
the  age  of  16  (August  1858)  proceeded  to 
Leipzig,  studj-ing  at  the  Conservatorium,  un- 
der Plaidy,  Moscheles,  Hauptmann,  and  Rich- 
ter.  At  the  end  of  three  years,  he  left  Leipzig, 
and  visited  Milan  and  Florence,  where  he 
began  to  give  lessons.  In  1862,  he  went  to 
Rome  and  studying  for  three  years  with  Liszt, 
formed  a  life-long  friendship  with  the  illus- 
trious artist.  In  May,  1865,  he  settled  in 
London  as  a  teacher  and  performer.  He  gave 
his  first  concert,  in  conjunction  with  Mr. 
Gustave  Garcia,  in  CoUard's  Rooms,  July  4, 
1865,  and  then  began  that  ardent  champion- 
ship of  the  claims  of  Liszt  as  a  composer  that 
lasted  to  the  end  of  his  life.  The  concerts 
were  gradually  extended,  and  the  services  of 
an  orchestra  requisitioned  in  1871,  when  Bache 
played  the  Concerto  in  E  flat,  and  gave  the 
symphonic  poem,  "  Les  Preludes  "—intro- 
duced in  1865  for  two  pianos — with  full  or- 
chestra. Other  modern  composers  were  not 
overlooked,  for  works  by  Wagner,  Berlioz, 
and  Schiunann,  were  introduced  from  time  to 
time.  But  his  affection  for  Liszt  was  strongest 
and  his  last  recital,  October  22,  1887,  was 
exclusively  devoted  to  that  master.  Un- 
daunted by  hostile  criticism,  or  financial  loss, 
Bache  went  on  \vith  his  propagandism,  and  if 


BAILDON. 

he  did  not  succeed  in  what  he  felt  to  be  his 
mission,  he  did  more  than  any  one  to  break 
down  that  conservatism  in  music  that  was  a 
positive  hindrance  to  the  art  in  this  country. 
Bache's  reception  to  Liszt  at  the  Grosvenor 
Gallery,  April  8,  1886,  was  a  memorable  inci- 
dent of  the  great  pianist's  last  visit  to  this 
country.  He  was  an  active  promoter  of  the 
Liszt  Scholarship  at  the  Royal  Academy  of 
Music  ;  the  Scholarship  to  his  own  memory 
was  incorporated  in  that  of  the  man  he  so 
revered.  Bache  died,  after  a  few  days'  illness, 
March  26, 1888,  and  was  interred  in  the  ceme- 
tery at  West  Hampstead.  He  had,  for  some 
years,  been  a  professor  of  the  pianoforte  at 
the  R.A.M. 

Among  the  works  of  Liszt  brought  forward 
at  Bache's  concerts,  the  following  were  per- 
formed in  England  for  the  first  time  : — The 
"  Faust  "  Sjonphony,  March  11,  1880  ;  S}Tn- 
phonic  poem,  "  Les  Preludes,"  May  26,  1871 ; 
Scena,  "  Jeanne  d'Arc  au  bucher,"  for  soprano 
solo  and  orchestra  ;  Angelus,  strings,  February 
5,  1885  ;  Fantasia  quasi  Sonata,  "  Apris  una 
Lecture  du  Dante,"  February  21,  1887.  The 
Legend  of  Saint  Elizabeth  was  first  performed 
in  England,  by  the  New  Philharmonic  Society, 
June  15, 1870,  anticipating  Bache,  who  brought 
out  the  work,  February  24,  1876. 

Back,  Sir  George,  naval  officer,  born 
Stockport,  1796  ;  died,  1878.  He  issued 
"Canadian  Airs,  collected  by  Lieut  Back, 
R.N  ,  during  the  late  Arctic  expedition  under 
Captain  Franklin.  With  symphonies  and 
accompaniments  by  E.  Knight,  jun.,  the 
words  by  George  Soane. "    Loudon,  1823. 

Bacon,  Richard  Mackenzie,  author  and 
editor,  born  Norwich,  1776.  He  was  editor 
of  the  "  Quarterly  Musical  I\lagazine  and 
Review."     Died  at  Norwich,  1844. 

Wo  Ks.  -Science  and  practice  of  vocal 
ornament,  London,  n.d.  Elements  of  vocal 
science,  being  a  philosophical  enquiry  into 
some  of  the  principles  of  singing.  London, 
1824.  Art  of  improving  the  voice  and  ear, 
and  of  increasing  their  musical  powers  on 
philosophical  principles.     London,  1825. 

His  daughter  Louisa.  Mary  Bacoit,  born  at 
Norwich,  March  4,  1800  ;  died  February  2, 
1885,  was  also  a  musician  She  married  a 
Mr.  Barwell. 

Bacon,  Rev.  Robert,  clergyman  and 
musician  of  the  ISth  century.  He  graduated 
B.A.,  Oxford,  in  1738  ;  and  in  1753  became 
priest  vicar  of  Salisbury  Cathedral.  He  died 
in  1759.     Composer  of  chants,  eic. 

Badland,  Thomas,  musician,  published 
"  Set  of  original  Tunes  in  four  parts,  adapted 
to  the  Hymns  of  the  Rev.  J.  Wesley,  etc. 
London  [18271. 

Baildon,  Joseph,  composer  and  vocalist, 
born  1727.  He  was  a  Gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  and  Lay-Vicar  of  Westminster 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


BAILLIE. 

Abbey,  about  the  middle  of  the  18th  century. 
He  gained  prizes  given  by  the  Catch  Club  in 
1763  and  1766.  He  held  the  position  of 
organist  of  St.  Luke's,  Old  Street,  and  All 
Saints,  Fulham,  London.  Died  at  London, 
May  7,  1774. 

Works. — Collection  of  glees  and  catches. 
London  [1768].  The  Laurel,  a  collection  of 
songs.  Ode  to  Contentment.  Numerous  single 
songs,  and  others  in  "  Love  in  a  Village,"  etc. 

Baillie,  Alexander,  musician  of  the  18th 
century.     He  was  an  engraver  in  Edinburgh. 

Editor  of  "  Airs  for  the  Flute,  with  a 
thorough  bass  for  the  Harpsichord.  Edin- 
burgh. 173.5. 

Baillie,  Peter,  commonly  called  "Pate 
Baillie,"  violinist,  was  born  at  Stenhouse,  in 
Liberton  parish,  Midlothian,  February  25, 
1774,  and  was  a  descendant  of  the  gipsy 
family  of  Baillies  of  the  L^pper  Ward  of 
Lanarkshire,  his  father  being  Matthew 
Baillie  of  that  sept.  He  was  originally  a 
stonemason,  and  worked  for  a  time  at  the 
Edinburgh  University  building,  but  he  settled 
as  a  violin-player  at  Loanhead  and  Bonnyrigg 
in  Midlothian.  He  died  at  Liberton,  Mid- 
lothian, about  1841,  and  is  buried  in  the 
churchyard  there.  A  selection  of  his  com- 
positions were  published  as  "  A  Selection  of 
Original  Tunes  for  the  i^ianoforteand  violin." 
Edinburgh,  1825;  for  the  benefit  of  his  family. 
He  was  a  talented  performer  of  Scots  music, 
and  was  widely  employed  "at  penny  weddings, 
kirns,  and  other  merry  '  splores,'  "  but  seems 
to  have  been  a  rude,  offensive  fellow,  much 
given  to  bouts  of  intemperance. 

Bain,  John,  musician  and  teacher  in 
Glasgow  in  the  latter  half  of  the  18th  c  ntury, 
published  "The  Vocal  Musician,  being  a  col- 
lection of  select  Scots  and  English  Songs, 
adapted  to  two,  three,  or  four  voices" 
Glasgow,  1774. 

Bairstow,  Thomas,  nmsician,  published 
"An  Original  set  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes 
arranged  for  one  or  four  voices,  with  an  ac- 
companiment for  the  organ  or  pf."  Halifax 
[1852] .  Second  set  of  Original  Psabn  and 
Hymn  Tunes  .  .  .  Halifax  [1852] . 

Baker,  George,  composer,  born  Exeter 
about  1773.  He  studied  under  Jackson  of 
Exeter  and  Hugh  Bond.  He  entered  the 
family  of  the  Earl  of  Uxbridge,  and  received 
further  instruction  from  Cramer  and  Dussek. 
Organist  successivelv  of  St.  ^Mary's,  Stafford, 
1794;  All  Saints',  Derby,  1810;  and  Rugeley, 
1824.  In  1797  he  took  the  degree  of  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxford.,  but  did  not  proceed  to  Mus. 
Doc.  as  is  usually  supposed.  He  died  at 
Rngeley,  February  19,  1847.  He  composed 
"The  Caffrcs,"  a  musical  entertainment,  Lon- 
don, 1802;  Sonatas  for  the  pf. ;  Organ  volun- 
taries; Songs;  Six  Anthems  for  4,  5,  and  6 
voices;  and  Glees  for  8  and  4  voices. 


BALFE. 

Baker,   Sir   Henry  Williams,   Bart., 

musician  and  clergjnnan,  born  London,  May 
27,  1821.  Son  of  vice-admiral  Sir  Henry 
Loraine  Baker,  C.B..  He  was  educated  at 
Cambridge  Universitv,  and  graduated  B.A., 
1844,  and  M.A.,  1847.  Vicar  of  Monkland, 
near  Leominster,  1851.  Succeeded  his  father 
as  a  baronet,  1859.  Died  at  Monkland  Vicar- 
age, February  12, 1877.  He  was  the  originator 
and  one  of  the  compilers  of  "HjTiins  Ancient- 
and  Modern,"  1858,  and  numerous  later 
editions,  to  which  he  contributed  "  Step- 
hanos"  and  "St.  Timothy."  He  published 
a  volume  of  "  Daily  Prayers "  and  various 
religious  works. 

Baker,  James  Andrew,  organist  and 
composer,  born  Birmingham,  November  8, 
1824;  died  there  November  17,  1863.  He 
studied  at  Leipzig,  and  was  organist  of  St. 
Luke's  Church,  Bristol  Street,  Birmingham, 
from  about  1849  to  1863.  His  wife  was  a  well- 
known  and  accomplished  local  singer.  He 
composed  a  few  chants  and  hjTim  tunes. 

Baldwin,  W- ,  author,  published  "The 

Science  of  !Music."'     London,  1829. 

Balfe,  Michael  William,  composer  and 
vocalist,  born  in  Pitt  Street,  Dublin,  May  15, 
1808.  I3e  studied  under  C.  E.  Horn,  Rooke, 
and  Alex.  Lee  in  Ireland.  He  accompanied 
Horn  to  England,  and  became  a  violinist  at 
Drury  Lane,  1824.  In  1825  he  was  adopted 
by  Count  ^lazzara,  whom  he  accompanied  to 
Italy.  He  sang  in  Italy  and  in  Paris  in  1827, 
and  remained  on  the  continent  till  1835. 
There  he  was  married  to  Mile.  Lina  Rosen,  a 
Hungarian  vocalist.  In  1835  he  sang  in  Lon- 
don, and  in  1839  he  became  manager  of  the 
Lyceum  Theatre.  He  conducted  at  H.M. 
Theatre,  1845-52,  and  directed  the  National 
Concerts  at  Drury  Lane  in  1850.  In  1852  he 
sang  in  Russia.  Frona  1852  till  his  death  he 
was  occupied  chiefly  as  a  composer.  He  died 
at  Rowney  Abbey,  Herts.,  October  20,  1870. 

Works. — Operas:  I  Rivali  di  se  Stessi,  Pal- 
ermo, 1829 ;  Un  Avertimento  di  Gelose,  Pa  via, 
1830;  Enrico  Quarto  al  passo  della  Mai'no, 
]\Iilan,  1831 ;  Siege  of  Rochelle,  London,  1836; 
Maid  of  Artois,  London,  1836 ;  Catherine  Grey, 
London,  1837;  Joan  of  Arc,  London,  1837; 
Diadeste,  London,  18-38;  Falstaff,  London, 
18.38;  Keolanthe,  London,  1841;  Le  Puits 
d' Amour,  Paris,  1843;  Bohemian  Girl,  Lon- 
don, November  27,  1843;  Daughter  of  St. 
Mark,  London,  1844;  Quatre  Fils  AjTnon, 
Paris,  1844;  Enchantress,  London,  1845; 
L'Etoile  de  Seville,  Paris,  1845;  Bondman, 
London,  1846;  The  Devil's  in  it,  London, 
1847 ;  Maid  of  honour,  London,  1847 ;  Sicilian 
Bride,  London,  1852;  Pittore  e  Duca,  London, 
1856  [revived  as  the  '  Painter  of  Antwerp,' 
1881] ;  Rose  of  Castille,  London,  1857 ;  Satan- 
ella,  London,  1858;  Bianca,  London,  1860; 
Puritan's  daughter,  London,  1861;  Blanche 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


23 


BALFE. 

de  Nevers,  London,  1862 ;  Armourer  of  Nantes, 
London,  1863;  Sleeping  Queen,  London,  1863  ; 
II  Talismano,  London,  June  11,  1874.  Can- 
tatas: Mazeppa,  London;  The  Page,  etc.  Six 
new  songs  and  a  duet  (words  by  Longfellow), 

1856.  Moore's  Irish  melodies,  harmonized 
1859  (Novello).  Part-songs:  Exelsior;  Hark! 
'tis  the  hunter's  jovial  horn ;  Trust  her  not, 
etc.  Songs  and  ballads :  Angels  call  me ;  Annie 
of  Tharaw ;  Arrow  and  the  song ;  As  the  sun- 
shine to  the  flower ;  Ah !  would  that  I  could 
love  thee  less ;  Anabel  Lee ;  Bells ;  Beneath  a 
portal ;  Bridal  Ballad ;  Come  into  the  garden, 
Maud;  Daybreak;  Defence,  not  defiance; 
Evening  chime  is  sounding;  Fortune  at  her 
wheel ;  Fresh  as  a  rose ;  Good-night,  beloved ; 
Green  trees  whispered ;  Hidden  voices ;  I  love 
you ;  Kathleen  Machree ;  Killarney ;  Lady  Hil- 
dred;  Long  ago;  Lonely  Rose;  IMaggie's  Ran- 
som; Maureen;  Merry  May;  Nelly  Gray; 
Phcebe,  the  fair ;  Sea  hath  its  pearls ;  Stars  of 
the  summer  night ;  Spirit  of  light ;  There  is  a 
shadow ;  Three  fishers ;  What  does  little  birdie 
say;  and  very  many  more.  Trio  for  pf.,  violin, 
and  'cello ;  Sonata  -pi.  and  'cello ;  and  other  in- 
strvmiental  works.  New  imiversal  method  of 
singing  without  the  use  of  solfeggi,  London. 
The  only  opera  of  Balfe's  which  now  survives 
is  the  "Bohemian  Girl,"  which  continues  to 
draw  good  audiences  wherever  prodiiced. 
This  opera  and  a  few  of  his  songs,  "Killarney  " 
and  "Come  into  the  garden,  Maud,"  are  all 
that  have  lived  out  of  an  immense  niunber  of 
able  productions.  Two  biographies  of  Balfe 
have  been  published — "A  Memoir  of  Michael 
WiUiam  Balfe,"  by  Charles  Lamb  Kenuey, 
London,  1875;  and  "Balfe,  his  life  and  work," 
by  W.  A.  Barrett,  London,  1882. 

His  wife,  Lina  Rosen  (born  in  Hungary, 
1806;  died  London,  June  11,  1888),  was  a  sop- 
rano vocalist  of  considei'able  ability. 

Balfe,  Victoire,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
Paris,  September  1, 1837.  Daughter  of  M.  W. 
Balfe.  She  studied  under  W.  Sterndale  Ben- 
nett, M.  Garcia,  and  her  father.     On  May  28, 

1857,  she  first  appeared  as  "Anrina,"  in  "La 
Sonnambula."  Afterwards  she  sang  in  Ire- 
land and  Italy,  in  the  "Bohemian  Girl," 
"Don  Giovanni,"  etc.  She  was  married  to 
Sir  John  F.  Crampton,  but  was  divorced,  and 
afterwards  married  to  the  Duke  de  Frias,  a 
Spanish  nobleman.  She  died  at  Madrid,  Jan- 
uary 22,  1871. 

Ball,  Edward,  see  Fitzball,  Edward. 

Ball,  William,  author  and  adapter,  born 
1784 ;  died  London,  May  14,  1869.  He  com- 
posed a  number  of  songs,  and  wrote  the  verses 
of  many  more,  and  contributed  much  to  the 
musical  and  periodical  literature  of  his  time. 
He  wrote  the  English  version  of  INIendelssohn's 
"St.  Paul,"  and pi'ovided  English  versions  for 
a  number  of  works  by  Rossini,  Beethoven, 
Mozart,  Haydn,  etc. 


BAMBRIDGE. 

Baly,  William,  conductor  and  composer, 

born  at  Warwick,  June  28,  1825.  Studied  at 
first  under  INIr.  Clayton,  of  Warwick,  and 
afterwards  entered  the  R.A.M.,  1843,  where 
his  teachers  were  Sterndale  Bennett,  piano- 
forte, and  Cipriani  Potter,  harmony.  Elected 
first  an  Associate,  then  Fellow,  R.A.M.  Re- 
sided for  some  years  in  London,  and  taught 
harmony  at  the  Harley  Street  College  for 
Ladies.  In  1853  he  settled  in  Exeter,  taking 
over  the  teaching  connection  of  Mr.  Kellow 
Pye.  He  conducted  the  Exeter  Oratorio  So- 
ciety's concerts  for  one  year,  and  was  con- 
ductor of  the  Madrigal  Society  for  fifteen 
years,  his  last  concert  taking  place  IMay  29, 
1884.  On  his  retirement  he  received  a  hand- 
some testimonial  fronr  the  Society.  He  died 
June  4,  1891.  His  compositions  included  a 
Symphony  in  E  flat,  produced  at  the  Hanover 
Square  Rooms,  July  10,  1847,  and  at  the  City 
of  London  Institute,  April,  1848 ;  Two  Concert 
Overtures,  "Macbeth"  and  "As  you  like  it," 
performed  in  1848.  These  were  all  written  while 
a  student  at  the  R.A.M.  He  likewise  composed 
a  Minuet  for  small  orchestra ;  a  quartet  in  A  for 
strings,  and  pieces  for  pf.  Some  iDart-songs, 
"Sweet  and  Low,"  &c.,  were  performed  in 
1885-6,  by  the  Exeter  Madrigal  Society.  His 
wife,  ne'e  Adelaide  C.  Byrn,  who  survives  him, 
is  a  pianist,  and  studied  at  the  R.A.]\I.  under 
Cipriani  Potter  and  G.  A.  Macfarren.  She  is 
now  living  in  retirement  in  Exeter, 

Bambridge,  George  Edmund,  organist 
and  pianist,  born  at  W^indsor,  A^jril  19,  1842. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.  under  Charles  Lucas,  G.A., 
and  Walter  ]\Iacfarren,  and  Charles  Steggall, 
1860-65.  A.R.A.M.  In  1881  appointed  professor 
and  examiner  at  Trinity  College,  London,  and 
is  now  Vice-Dean.  Has  been  organist  at  St. 
Luke's,  Westbourne  Park,  since  1864,  and  is 
widely  known  as  a  skilful  pianoforte  teacher. 
His  published  compositions  are  not  numerous, 
and  consist  of  an  Evening  Service  in  F,  and 
some  pieces  for  the  pf. 

Bambridge,  William  Samuel,  organist, 
cousin  of  the  preceding,  born  at  the  Waimate, 
New  Zealand,  July  18, 1842.  When  six  years 
old  came  to  England,  and  was,  for  a  year,  a 
supernumery  in  the  choir  of  St.  George's, 
Windsor.  At  the  age  of  ten  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  Clewer  Church.  Studied  at  R.  A.]\I. 
under  H.  C.  Banister,  C.  Steggall,  W.  DorreU, 
and  W.  H.  Aylward.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1872.  F.R.C.O.  and  A.R.A.M.  Since 
1864,  he  has  been  organist  and  music  master 
of  i\Iarlborough  College,  Wilts. ;  and  is  con- 
ductor of  the  College  and  IMarlborough  Choral 
Societies.  His  principal  composition  is  a  set- 
ting of  Psalm  144,  in  ten  movements;  and  he 
has  published  Hymns,  Carols  and  Songs.  His 
grandfather,  George  White  Bambridge  was 
an  admirable  flute-player,  and  considered  in 
his  day,  as  second  only  to  Charles  Nicholson. 


24 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BAMFORD. 

Bamford,  H.  A.,  musician.  Wrote  "The 
Rudiments  of  the  theory  of  Music,  designed 
for  the  use  of  pupil-teachers  and  students  in 
training  colleges."     Manchester,  1881. 

Banestre  or  Banaster,  Gilbert,  musi- 
cian and  poet  uf  latter  part  of  15th  centurj'. 
He  received  40  marks  in  1482  as  "  Master  of 
the  Song,  assigned  to  teach  the  children  of 
the  King's  chaiiel."  He  contributed  to  the 
Fairfax  MS.,  and  wrote  various  works  and 
translations  in  verse. 

Banister,  Charles  William,  composer 
and  teacher,  born  17G8,  died  1831.  He  com- 
posed "  Twelve  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes," 
London,  1792;  "Four Moral  Pieces,"  London 
[1803]  ;  "  Star  of  Bethlehem,"  song,  etc. 
His  son,  Henry  Joshua,  edited  "  Complete 
edition  of  the  Vocal  IMusic  of  C.  W.  Banister," 
London,  1831-33,  in  21  ninnbers. 

His  son,  Henry  Joshu.\  (born  London, 
1803;  died  London,  1847),  was  a  violoncello 
player  and  author,  who  perfoi'med  at  most  of 
the  principal  concerts  in  his  day.  He  pub- 
lished "  Tutor's  Assistant  for  the  Violoncello," 
N.D.  ;  One  hundred  and  fifty  Lessons  for  the 
Violoncello,"  London  [1846]  ;  also  "  Lessons 
on  Double-notes  "  and  "  Exercises  on  the  use 
of  the  thumb."  He  also  wrote  "  Domestic 
Music  for  the  wealthy,  or  a  plea  for  the  art 
and  its  professors,"  London  [1843] . 

Another  son,  Joskph  (1812-1890),  was  a 
violinist,  and  for  many  years  was  a  member 
of  the  Pliilharmouic  Society. 

Banister,  Henry  Charles,  composer, 
pianist,  and  writer  on  music,  born  in  London, 
June  13,  1831.  Son  of  H.  J.  Banister  {q.  v.). 
Studied,  at  first  under  his  father,  and  later  at 
the  R.A.M.,  where  he  won  a  King's  Scholar- 
ship in  1846,  and  again  in  1848.  Cipriani 
Potter  was  the  master  he  chiefly  studied  with. 
In  1851  he  became  Assistant  Professor,  and  in 
1853  Professor  of  Harmony  and  Composition, 
R.A.M.,  and  is  now  F.R.A.M.  As  a  singing 
boy  he  was  heard  at  concerts  of  the  Glee 
Clubs,  and  in  1846  he  sang  duets  in  "  Judas 
Maccabjeus,"  with  Miss  Dolby  and  Miss 
Sabilla  Kovello,  at  the  Reading  Festival  of 
1846  {vide  Bixfield).  His  string  quartet  in 
F  sharp  minor  was  produced  by  the  Society 
of  British  Musicians  at  Erat's  Saloon,  De- 
cember 29,  1847  :  and  he  began  concert  giving 
November  26,  1855,  at  St.  Martin's  Hall.  For 
many  years  a  prominent  figure  in  the  musical 
world,  of  late  he  has  devoted  himself  chiefly 
to  tuition  and  to  musical  literature.  Besides 
his  appointment  at  the  R.A.M.,  he  has  been  a 
Professor  at  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music 
since  1880,  and  is  Professor  of  Harmony  at  the 
Royal  Normal  College  for  the  Blind.  ]\Iem- 
ber  of  the  Philbarmonic  Society. 

Works. — In  MS. : — Svmphonies  :  No.  1,  in 
D  (1847)  ;  No.  2.  in  E  flat  (1848) ;  No.  3,  in  A 
minor  (1850) ;  No.  4,  in  A  (1853).    Overtures  : 


BANKS. 

No.  1,  in  E  flat  (1849) ;  No.  2,  "  Cymbeline  " 
(1852) ;  No.  3,  in  E  minor  (1852) ;  No.  4,  The 
Serenade,  in  E  ;  No.  5,  From  Sorrow  to  Joy, 
in  B  flat  (1876).  Andante  and  Rondo  in  E 
flat  (1852).  Capriccio  in  A  minor.  Fantasia 
in  D  (written  for  the  IMusical  Society,  1863), 
for  pf.  and  orchestra.  String  Quartets  in  F 
sharp  minor  (1847) ;  in  D  (1850) ;  in  E  minor. 
Sonatas  for  pf.  duet,  in  G  minor  (1850) ;  in 
A  flat ;  in  A  minor ;  for  pf.  solo,  in  E  ;  B 
flat ;  F  sharp  minor ;  F  minor  ;  and  F  sharp 
minor.  Sacred  Cantata  (1851).  Cantatas  for 
female  voices  and  orchestra  :  The  Sea  Fairies 
(Tennyson— R. A.M.,  1861);  The  Maiden's 
Holiday,  for  female  voices  (composed  for  pri- 
vate choir  of  Madame  Bassauo).  Published 
compositions. — Pf.  pieces,  Op.  2,  4;  Seven 
variations  on  an  original  air,  Op.  5 ;  Op.  6  ; 
Sonata  in  F  sharp  minor,  duet,  produced 
1852,  Op.  7  ;  Op.  9,  10,  11,  13,  14,  18,  22,  26, 
27,  29  ;  Andante,  with  variations,  pf.  duet, 
Op.  31  :  Op.  34 ;  Fantasia  in  F  minor,  Op.  35 
(composed  1874) ;  Canzonets,  Op.  1,  3  ;  Part- 
song,  Op.  8;  Three  songs.  Op.  16;  Anthem, 
0  satisfy  us  earh'.  Op.  25;  Part-songs,  songs, 
etc.  Literary  and  didactic,  including  lectures 
delivered  before  the  Royal  NormalCollege, 
The  IMusical  Association,  College  of  Organists, 
and  the  Incorporated  Society  of  Mu.sicians 
(Conferences),  etc.  Text-book  of  Music,  Lon- 
don, 1872,  14  editions  ;  Some  Musical  Ethics 
and  Analogies,  London,  1884;  Lectures  on 
IMusical  Analysis,  1887 ;  Musical  Art  and  Study, 
1888 ;  George  Alexander  Macfarren :  his  life, 
works,  and  influence  London,  Bell  and  Sons, 
1892  ;  Two  addresses  on  the  same  subject : 
Helpful  papers  for  harmony  students  London, 
Ryde)-,  1895;  and  many  lectures  unpublished. 

Banister,  John,  composer  and  violinist, 
born  London,  1630.  He  was  sent  b)'  Charles 
II.  to  France,  where  he  studied  the  violin, 
and  on  his  return  became  leader  of  the  King's 
band  of  nrusic.  He  established  a  "  IMu.sick 
School "  at  Whitefriars,  and  gave  concerts 
from  1672  till  1678.  He  was  dismissed  from 
the  King's  band  for  maintaining  that  English 
violinists  were  superior  to  French  ones.  He 
died  London,  October  3,  1679.  Banister  com- 
posed music  for  Davenant's  "  Circe,"  1667 
(with  P.  Humphrey) ;  for  Shakespeare's  "  Tem- 
pest ;"  and  published  "  New  Aj^res  and  Dia- 
logues composed  for  voices  and  viols  of  two, 
three,  and  four  parts,"  London,  1678  (with 
Thomas  Low).  He  also  composed  Lessons 
for  viols,  songs,  etc. 

His  son  John  (? — 1735)  was  also  a  violinist 
and  a  member  of  the  private  bands  of  Charles 
II..  James  II.,  and  Anne.  He  was  also  prin- 
cipal violinist  at  the  Italian  Opera,  London. 
Author  of  "The  Gentleman's  Tutor  for  the 
Flute,"  .  .  .  1698,  and  " The  Compleat  Tutor 
for  the  Violin,    .    .    1699,  etc. 

Banks,    Ralph,    musician    and   organist, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


25 


BANNATYNE. 

born  Durham,  1762;  died  1841.  Pupil  of 
Ebdon,  and  organist  of  Rochester  Cathedral 
52  years.  Published  "  Selection  of  Psalm 
and  Hymn  Tunes  from  Purcell,  Croft,  etc., 
with  interludes  to  each  verse."  .  .  London 
[1835].  "  Te  Deum,  Jubilate,  Sanctus,  etc., 
in  score,  Rochester  [1840] . 

Bannatyne,  Rev.  A.  M.,  Scottish  author. 
Free  Church  minister  in  Aberdeen,  published 
"  Hearts  and  voices  the  only  organs  for 
Christian  praises,"  Edinburgh,"  1868.  "  The 
Great  Innovation,"  Aberdeen,  n.d.,  a  pamph- 
let on  the  organ  question. 

Banner,  John,  musician, published  "Col- 
lection of  Sacred  Music  used  at  St.  Michael's, 
Wood  Street,  with  an  accompaniment  for  the 
organ  and  pianoforte,"  London  [1840].  Second 
edition  "with  an  additional  hymn"  by  Miss 
Mounsey.     Songs,  etc. 

Bannister,  Charles,  bass  vocalist,  born 
in  Gloucestershire,  1741  ?  He  joined  a  travel- 
ling theatrical  company,  and  played  "Romeo  " 
and  other  characters.  He  also  appeard  in 
London  as  an  actor.  He  sang  at  Ranelagh 
and  Marylebone  Gardens,  and  at  the  Royalty 
Theatre,  London,  and  in  the  English  pro- 
vinces. He  died  London,  October  19,  1804. 
He  was  celebrated  for  his  imitations  of  other 
vocalists.  Shield  composed  his  song,  "The 
Wolf,"  specially  for  Bannister. 

Bantock,  Qranville,  composer,  born  in 
London,  August  7,  1868.  Intended  for  the 
Indian  Civil  Service,  and  then  for  a  scientific 
career.  He  did  not  enter  upon  serioiis  musical 
study  until  the  year  18S9,  when  he  became  a 
pupil  of  Dr.  Gordon  Saiinders,  at  Trinity  Col- 
lege, London.  He  entered  the  R.A.M.  the 
same  year,  and  obtained  the  Macf  arren  Scholar- 
ship. While  at  the  Academy  he  was  very  pro- 
ductive as  a  composer,  and  several  works  were 
performed  at  the  Academy  concerts.  He  was 
engaged  as  conductor  for  a  provincial  tour  of 
the  Gaiety  Company,  and  also  for  an  extended 
tour  in  the  United  States  of  America  and 
Australia.  In  1893  he  undertook  the  editor- 
ship of  the  new  Quarterly  Musical  Review 
(R.  Cocks). 

Works. — Dramatic  Cantata,  The  Fire  Wor- 
shippers (overture,  R.A.M.,  December  12, 1890, 
Crystal  Palace,  November  11,  1893);  Lyrical 
Drama,  in  five  acts,  Rameses  II  (Ballet  Suite, 
R.A.M.,  December  17, 1891 ;  Strolling  Players, 
April,  1892) ;  one-act  Opera,  Caedmar  (R.A.M. , 
July  12, 1892 ;  Olraipic  Theatre,  October  1892) ; 
One-act  Opera,  The  Pearl  of  Iran ;  The  Curse 
of  Kehama,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra; 
Thorwenda's  Dream,  poem  for  recitation  with 
accompaniment  (words  and  nuisic  by  himself, 
1891);  Wulstan,  scena  for  baritone  (1892); 
songs,  etc.  Pianoforte  album  (three  pieces) ; 
Two  pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

Baptie,  David,  composer  and  writer,  born 
in  Edinburgh ,  November  30, 1822.    Self-taught 


BARDD. 

iir  music.  He  has  compiled  a  Descriptive 
Catalogue  (commenced  about  1840)  of  upwards 
of  23,000  secular  part-songs,  glees,  madrigals, 
trios,  quartets,  etc.  (ms.).  Editor  of  Har- 
monium Tune  Book  (with  William  Hume), 
1867-68;  Harmonimn  Chant  Book  (do.),  1868- 
69 ;  Union  Song  Garland  (do.),  1874 ;  The  Scot- 
tish Book  of  Praise  (with  Lambeth),  1876; 
Academy  Vocalist  (.selected),  1879;  Richard 
Werner's  Hymn  Book  (revised),  1881,  etc. 
Author  of  A  Handbook  of  Musical  Biography, 
London :  Morley,  1883 ;  Musicians  of  All  Times, 
a  concise  dictionary  of  Musical  Biography, 
London,  Curwen,  1889;  Musical  Scotland, 
past  and  present.  Paisley,  Parlane,  1894 ; 
Sketches  of  the  English  Glee  Composers, 
London,  W.  Reeves,  1895.  He  is  the  com- 
poser of  My  soul  truly  waiteth;  Sing  aloud 
unto  God,  and  other  anthems ;  a  number  of 
Glees  and  Part-songs;  A  rosy  gift  I  twine  for 
thee;  Beautiful  Spring;  The  sun's  bright  orb; 
Wind  thy  horn,  my  hunter  boy,  etc.  Also 
many  songs  harmonized.  His  son,  Charles 
Robertson  Baptie,  born  in  Glasgow,  May  29, 
1870,  is  a  pianist  and  composer.  Chorister  in 
St.  Mary's  Episcopal  Church,  and  from  1885 
employed  in  the  INIitchell  Library,  until,  in 
1888,  he  left  to  devote  himself  to  the  musical 
profession.  Studied  under  John  Fulcher,  W. 
G.  Martin,  and  William  Moodie.  Has  pub- 
lished a  children's  operetta,  "  Floralia,"  and 
some  part-songs  and  pf.  pieces;  and  was  joint 
editor,  with  his  father,  of  a  work  for  children, 
"Tiny  songs  for  Tiny  Singers"  (1891). 

Barber,  Abraham,  musician,  published  a 
"Book  of  Psalm  Tunes,  in  four  parts,"  1686; 
7th  edition,  1715.  He  was  a  book-seller  in 
Wakefield. 

Barber,  Robert,  musician,  of  Castleton, 
published  various  collections  of  psalmody.  A 
Book  of  Psalmody,  containing  variety  of  tunes, 
with  chanting  tunes,  etc.,  London,  1723;  2nd 
edition,  1733.  The  Psalm  Singer's  Choice 
Companion,  or  a  plain  and  easy  introduction 
to  Musick,  etc.,  London,  1727.  David's  Harp 
well  tuned,  or  a  book  of  Psalmody,  containing 
variety  of  psalm  tunes,  etc.,  London,  1753, 
3rd  edition.  Thomson's  Hymn  to  the  Seasons, 
in  score.  Op.  4  [1780] .  Some  of  these  collec- 
tions are  issued  as  by  R.  and  J.  Barber. 

Barber,  Thomas,  musician,  published 
"Sacred  Harmony,  containing  two  anthems, 
fifteen  psalm  and  hvmn  tunes,  etc."  Wood- 
bridge  [1814]. 

Barcrofte,  Thomas,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, who  flourished  during  the  16th  cen- 
tury. He  was  organist  of  Ely  Cathedral  in 
1535.  Some  of  his  Anthems,  and  a  Te  deum, 
and  Benedictus  in  F,  are  contained  in  the 
Tudway  collection  in  the  British  IMuseum. 
His  son  George  was  organist  of  Ely  Cathe- 
dral from  1579,  and  died  in  1610. 

Bardd  Alaw,  see  Parry,  John, 


26 


BEITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


BARDY. 

Bardy  Brenin,  see  Joxes,  Edward. 

Barham,  Thomas  Foster,  musician  and 
writer,  horn  at  Bedford,  October  8,  1766,  died 
at  Leskiiniick,  near  Penzance,  February  25, 
1844.  He  wrote  on  tbeological  topics;  saci'ed 
dramas  and  poems;  and  Musical  meditations, 
consisting  of  original  compositions,  vocal  and 
instrumental,  London,  1811;  and  edited  and 
arranged  Pergolesi's  Stabat  Mater,  with  Eng- 
lish words  (1829). 

Barker,  George  Arthur,  composer  and 
tenor  singer,  was  born  on  April  15,  1812.  He 
sang  in  opera  in  London  and  the  provinces, 
and  gave  concerts  in  various  parts  of  the 
countrv.  He  died  at  Aylstone,  near  Leicester, 
March"2,  1876. 

WoBKS. — Ballad  Album,  twelve  books,  Lon- 
don [1853] .  Songs  of  the  army  and  navy 
[1855] ,  issued  in  numbers.  Single  songs  and 
ballads:  Aline  O'Neal;  Dublin  Bay;  Ellen 
Astore ;  Emigrant's  bride ;  Emigrant's  child ; 
Excelsior;  Fare  thee  well,  my  gentle  Mary; 
Irish  emigrant  ("I'm  sitting  b}-  the  stile," 
words  by  Lady  Dufferin),  London  [1846]; 
Irish  peasant;  Kate  Connor;  Lesson  of  the 
Water  mill ;  Mabel  Gray ;  Mary !  avourneen ; 
Mary  Blane  [1846];  Mountain  Flower;  My 
native  mountain  home;  !My  skiS  is  on  the 
shore;  Nellie  and  I;  Return  of  the  emigrant; 
Sands  of  gold;  Scottish  blue  bells  ("Let  the 
proud  Indian  boast ") ;  Song  of  the  silent  land ; 
Take  back  the  ivy  leaf;  White  squall  [1835]; 
Wreck  of  the  emigrant  ship,  etc.  Why  do 
summer  roses  fade  ?  quartet ;  waltzes  for  pf . 
and  other  instrumental  music. 

Barker  is  best  remembered  by  his  three 
songs,  "  Irish  emigrant,"  "  Scottish  blue 
bells,"  and  "White  squall,"  which  alone  sur- 
vive out  of  the  large  number  he  composed. 

Barker,  Laura  W.,  see  Taylor,  Mrs.  Tom. 

Barnard,  Mrs.  Charles,  (6o7-?i Charlotte 
Alixgton),  "Claribel,"  amateur  song-wri- 
ter, born  December  23,  1830;  married  Mr. 
Charles  C.  Barnard,  1854.  She  studied  music 
under  W.  H.  Holmes.  She  died  at  Dover, 
January  30,  1869. 

Works. —  Songs  :  All  along  the  valley  ; 
Answer  to  the  dream ;  Bell's  whisper ;  Blind 
Alice  ;  Blue  Ribbon  ;  Bi'oken  Sixpence  ;  The 
Brook ;  By  the  blue  Alsatian  mountains ; 
Children's  voices ;  Come  back  to  Erin ;  Do 
you  remember?;  Dreamland;  Drifting;  Fare- 
well to  Erin ;  Far  away  in  bonnie  Scotland ; 
Five  o'clock  in  the  morning ;  Friends  for  ever ; 
Friendship  and  love ;  Golden  days ;  Half-mast 
high;  Hussar's  parting;  I  camiot  sing  the  old 
songs ;  I  leaned  out  of  the  window  ;  I  remem- 
ber it;  Jamie;  Janet's  bridal;  Janet's  choice; 
Kathleen's  answer;  The  life-boat;  Lowland 
Mary;  Maggie's  secret;  ]\Iaggie's  welcome;  My 
brilliant  and  I ;  Norah's  treasure ;  Old  house 
on  the  hiU ;  Only  a  year  ago ;  Out  at  sea ;  Rid- 
ing thro'  the   Broom;    Sailor  Boy;    Susan's 


BARNBY. 

story ;  Tell  it  not ;  Through  the  Jessamine ; 
Walter's  wooing;  When  Iwasyomigand  fair; 
Won't  you  tell  me  why,  Robin ;  Vocal  duets, 
trios,  quartets.  Pianoforte  pieces,  etc. 
Thoughts,  verses,  and  songs,  1877.  Of  the 
songs  composed  by  Mrs.  Barnard,  under  the 
name  of  Claribel,  only  a  few  survive. 

Barnard,  Rev.  John,  divine,  published  a 
"Book  of  Psalms,  together  with  Fifty  Tunes 
to  sing  them,  neatly  engraved  on  copper- 
plates." 1727,  "A  New  version  of  the  Psalms 
of  David,  fitted  to  the  Tunes  used  in  the 
Churches."     Boston  (U.S.A.),  1752. 

Barnard,  Rev.  John,  divine,  who  lived 
during  the  16th  and  17th  centuries.  He  was 
Minor-canon  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  in  the 
time  of  Charles  I. 

Barnard  is  famed  as  having  been  the  first  to 
issue  a  collection  of  Cathedral  music.  His 
collection  of  "  Cathedral  Music  "  appeared  in 
1641,  and  contains  services,  anthems,  etc.,  by 
Tallis,  Gibbons,  Mundy  (W.),  Parsons,  Bird, 
Morley,  Tye,  Bull,  etc.  The  only  perfect  copy 
of  this  work  is  contained  in  the  library  of 
Hereford  Cathedral.  Its  title  is,  "The  First 
Book  of  Selected  Church  ]\Iusic,  consisting  of 
Services  and  Anthems,  such  as  are  now  used 
in  the  cathedral  and  collegiate  churches  of 
this  kingdom;  never  before  printed,  whereby 
such  Books  as  were  heretofore,  with  much 
difficulty  and  charges,  transcribed  for  the 
use  of  the  Quire,  are  now,  to  the  saving 
of  much  Labour  and  Expense,  published  for 
the  general  good  of  all  such  as  shall  desire 
them  either  for  j)ublic  or  private  exercise. 
Collected  out  of  divers  approved  Authors,  by 
J.  B."     London,  1641. 

Barnby,  Sir  Joseph,  Kt.,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  in  York,  August  12,  1888. 
Chorister  in  York  Minster  at  age  of  seven; 
began  teaching  when  ten ;  was  an  organist  at 
twelve ;  and  music  master  at  a  school  when 
fourteen.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  he  went 
to  London,  and  entered  the  R.A.M.,  living 
with  his  brother  Robert  (q-v.),  a  vicar-choral 
of  Westminster  Abbey.  Soon  after  his  ap- 
pointment as  organist  of  Mitcham  Parish 
Church,  he  was  called  back  to  York,  where  he 
remained  four  years.  Then  he  was  organist 
at  St.  Michael's,  Queenhithe;  St.  James  the 
Less,  Westminster ;  and,  in  1863,  was  appointed 
to  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street.  There  it  was 
he  acquired  and  exercised  the  influence  that 
was  to  work  such  developments  in  the  Choral 
Services  of  the  Church.  At  the  Dedication 
Festival  (St.  Andrew's  Day)  of  1866,  his  adap- 
tation of  Gounod's  Messe  Solennelle  (St. 
Cecilia)  was  performed,  and  the  harp  in- 
troduced. He  conducted  a  performance  of 
Bach's  Passion-Music  (St.  IMatthew)  at  West- 
minster Abbey,  Maunday  Thursday  (April  6) 
1871,  with  full  chorus  and  orchestra — a  memo- 
rable event  in  the  history  of  church  music  in 


I 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


27 


BARNBY. 

this  country;  and,  in  1873,  he  introduced,  at 
St.  Anne's,  Soho,  where  he  was  then  director 
of  the  music, the  St.  John  Passion  of  the  same 
master.  He  resigned  his  position  at  St.  An- 
drew's in  1871,  and  that  of  St.  Anne's  in  1886. 
"Mr.  Joseph  Barnby's  Choir'  was  formed  in 
1867,  the  first  rehearsal  taking  place  in  the 
Lower  Exeter  Hall,  February  17,  and  the  first 
concert  given  in  St.  James'  Hall,  May  23. 
From  1869  the  perfoi-mances  were  given  under 
the  title,  "  The  Oratorio  Concerts,"  and 
great  works  were  revived,  notablv,  Handel's 
"Jephtha"  (February  5,  1869);  Beethoven's 
Mass  in  D  (March  9.  1870) ;  and  Bach's  "  ]Mat- 
thew  Passion"  (April  6,  1870).  At  the  end  of 
1872,  this  choir  was  amalganiated  with  that 
hitherto  conducted  by  M.  Gounod;  and,  as 
the  Eoyal  Albert  Hall  Choral  Society,  com- 
menced giving  concerts  February  12,  1873. 
Wagner's  "  Parsifal "  was  produced,  in  concert 
form,  by  this  Society,  November  10,  1884. 
Barnby  conducted  the  London  Musical  So- 
ciety, 1878-86,  and  produced  Dvorak's  Stabat 
Mater,  March  10,  1883;  he  was  also  con- 
ductor, 1886-8,  of  the  R.A.M.  Concerts.  In 
1875  he  was  appointed  Precentor  of  Eton  Col- 
lege, an  office  he  resigned  in  1892,  on  his  elec- 
tion as  Principal  of  the  Guildhall  School  of 
Music.  For  fifteen  years,  to  1876,  he  was 
musical  adviser  to  the  firm  of  Novello,  Ewer, 
and  Co.  In  November,  1882,  he  conducted 
the  annual  performance  of  the  "Messiah,"  by 
the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians ;  the  perform- 
ance of  Dvorak's  "Spectre's  Bride"  at  the 
Leeds  Festival  of  1892 ;  conducted  the  Cardiff 
Festivals,  1892  and  1895;  a  Halle  Concert, 
Manchester,  November  14,  1895.  Was  a  Fel- 
low of  R.A.M.,  Member  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society,  and,  in  1887,  was  elected  Hon.  Mem- 
ber of"  Tonic  Sol-fa  College.  In  1892  he  re- 
ceived the  honour  of  Knighthood  from  the 
Queen.  To  the  grief  of  the  whole  musical 
world,  his  career,  in  the  midst  of  its  activi- 
ties, was  suddenly  cut  short  by  his  death  at 
London,  on  January  28,  1896. 

Works. — Eebekah,  a  Sacred  Idyll,  produced 
at  the  Oratorio  Concerts,  Mav  11,  and  at  the 
Hereford  Festival,  August  23,  1870;  Ps.  97, 
The  Lord  is  King,  Leeds  Festival,  1883.  Ser- 
vice in  E  (]Morning,  Communion,  and  Even- 
ing, composed  at  the  age  of  seventeen) ;  Mag- 
nificat and  Nunc  Dimittis  in  E  fiat,  for  voices, 
orchestra,  and  organ,  for  the  Festival  of  the 
Sons  of  the  Clerg}-,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  May 
18, 1881 ;  Services,  Preces,  Offertory  Sentences, 
etc.  Forty-six  Anthems,  including  the  ^lotet. 
King  All  Glorious,  for  soli,  six-part  chorus, 
orchestra,  and  organ.  250  Hjnnn  Tunes,  of 
which  a  complete  edition  is  in  preparation 
(1896);  Glad  Christmastide,  and  other  carols; 
Sweet  and  low;  It  was  a  lover  and  his  lass 
(Norwich  Festival,  1884) ;  The  haven,  and 
other  part-songs.     Eton  songs  (A.  C.  Ainger).  | 


BARNES 

Songs ;  How  fades  the  light ;  My  golden  ship ; 
When  the  tide  comes  in,  and  others.  Trios 
for  female  voices.  Pieces  for  organ.  Musical 
editor  of  The  H}Tnnary  (Novello,  n.d.).  ISIusic 
revised  for  "The  Home  and  School  Hjnnnal" 
(Edinburgh,  Constable).  Posthumous  pub- 
lications: Anthems,  Sing  to  the  Lord;  0  Lamb 
of  God.  Part-songs,  The  Kiss;  In  laudem 
Amoris  (1896). 

Barnby,  Robert,  alto  singer,  born  in 
York,  1821.  The  brother  referred  to  in  the 
preceding  notice.  He  was  appointed  a  lay 
vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey  about  1845,  and 
a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal  in  1847,  on 
the  death  of  Enoch  Hawkins.  These  j)osi- 
tions  he  retained  until  his  death,  June  1, 
1875.  Another  member  of  the  family  was 
Hexry  Baenby,  born  1826,  who  was  for 
twenty-eight  years  a  lay  clerk  of  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor.  He  was  considered  one  of 
the  finest  basses  of  his  time,  his  voice  being 
rich  in  quality,  and  of  remarkable  compass. 
He  sang  at  the  Hereford  Festivals,  1852  and 
1855 ;  at  the  Birmingham  Festival  Choral 
Society's  "Messiah"  Concert,  December  26, 
1856 ;  in  the  quartets  in  "  Elijah,"  at  the 
Birmingham  Festival,  1858 ;  and  was  weU 
known  as  an  oratorio  singer.  He  died  at 
Slough,  April  2,  1885.  Sidney  Barxby,  alto, 
was  elected  assistant  Vicar  Choral  of  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  in  1873,  a  position  he  still 
retains. 

Barnes,  Edwin,  organist  and  teacher  of 
music,  born  in  the  parish  of  St.  Pancras, 
London,  June  8,  1833.  Educated  as  chorister 
at  King's  College,  London  ;  studied  pf.  under 
Dr.  W.  Rea,  organ  and  theory  under  J.  L. 
Brownsmith.  For  many  years  professor  of 
music  at  the  London  Society  for  teaching  the 
Blind,  where  he  has  done  much  excellent 
work.  Member  of  the  Philharmonic  Society. 
Organist  successively  of  Hornsey  Parish 
Church  ;  St.  George  the  Martvr,  Bloomsbury  ; 
and,  since  1862,  of  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Pad- 
dington.  Was  assistant  organist  to  the  Sacred 
Harmonic  Society,  and  Conductor  of  the  Dover 
Choral  Society,  1856-58.  His  compositions  in- 
clude an  anthem,  songs,  and  pf.  pieces. 

Barnes,  Frederick  Edwin  Lucy,  or- 
ganist and  composer,  son  of  the  above,  was 
born  in  London,  in  1858.  He  studied  under 
Helmore  in  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  at  R.A.M. 
from  1872.  Organist  successively  of  All 
Saints',  Norfolk  Square,  London,  1872 ;  St. 
INIargaret's,  Princess  Square,  Liverpool,  1876; 
Montreal  Cathedral,  1878-9  ;  Trinity  Church, 
New  York  (assistant).  He  was  conductor 
of  the  Montreal  Philharmonic  Society,  and 
was  married  to  Miss  Leonora  Braham  in  1878. 
He  died  at  ISIontreal,  September  21,  1880. 

Works. — Opera  :  Libretto  by  ^Irs.  G.  L. 
Craik  (ms.)  Operetta  for  German  Reed  Com- 
pany. Twenty-thi  rd  Psalm  for  soli ,  chorus,  and 


28 


BKITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGliAPHY. 


BARNETT. 

orchestra.  Songs :  But  you  know  already ;  May 
song;  Mither;  Path  through  the  snow;  Sun 
and  Spring.  Various  pieces  for  organ  and 
Pianoforte. 

Barnett,  Alice,  see  under  Poole,  Madame. 

Barnett,  Emma,  pianist,  sister  of  John 
Francis  Barnett,  and  daughter  of  Joseph 
Alfred  Barnett,  professor  of  singing,  was  horn 
in  London.  Studied  entirely  under  her  bro- 
ther, and  made  her  debut  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  Saturday  Concerts,  February  28,  1874, 
playing  Beethoven's  Pianoforte  Concerto  in 
G.  December  1st  of  the  same  year  she  played 
J.  F.  Barnett's  Pianoforte  Concerto  in  D 
minor  at  the  Royal  Albert  Hall  Concerts. 
She  gave  her  first  recital  at  St.  George's  Hall, 
June  13,  1877,  and  her  first  appearance  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts,  St.  James's  Hall, 
took  place  January  28,  1882.  Since  that  time 
she  has  given  many  pianoforte  recitals  in 
London  and  the  provinces,  introducing  the 
Sonata  in  E,  the  series  of  pieces,  "  Home 
Scenes,"  and  other  of  her  brother's  works  to 
public  notice.  Her  compositions  are  chiefly 
for  the  pianoforte,  but  include  a  few  songs. 
Only  the  Gavotte  in  A  is  as  yet  published. 

Barnett,  John,  comj)oser,  was  born  at 
Bedford,  July  15,  1802,  son  of  Bernhard  Beer, 
a  Prussian  watchmaker,  wlio  settled  in  Eng- 
land and  changed  his  name  to  Barnett.  He 
was  articled  to  S.  J.  Arnold,  proprietor  of  the 
Lyceum  Theatre,  and  studied  under  C.  E. 
Horn,  Price,  and  Ries.  IMarried  IMiss  Lindley, 
daughter  of  the  violoncello  player,  1837. 
Studied  Vogler's  system  of  harmony  at  Frank- 
fort, under  Schnyder  von  Wartensee,  and 
returned  to  London  in  1838.  He  opened  St. 
James's  Theatre  for  English  opera  in  1839. 
Retired  to  Cheltenham,  where  he  established 
himself  as  a  vocal  teacher,  in  1841.  Resided 
in  Leipzig  and  in  Italy  for  a  short  time, 
superintending  the  education  of  his  children. 
Died  near  Cheltenham,  April  17,  1890. 

Works. — Operettas  and  Operas  :  Before 
Breakfast,  Musical  Farce,  written  by  Richard 
Peake,  Lyceum,  1828;  Music  in  Miss  Mit- 
ford's  Rienzi,  Drury  Lane,  1828  ;  Monsieur 
Mallet,  operetta,  written  by  Thomas  Mon- 
crieff,  Adelphi  Theatre,  1828 ;  Two  Seconds, 
operetta,  written  by  R.  Peake,  Lyceum,  1829  ; 
Carnival  of  Naples,  opera,  Covent  Garden, 
1830 ;  Robert  the  Devil,  musical  drama,  Co- 
vent  Garden,  1830  ;  The  Picturesque,  operetta, 
written  by  Thomas  Haynes  Bayley,  Lyceum, 
1830 ;  Baron  Trenck,  operetta,  written  by  T. 
Morton,  sen.,  destroyed  in  the  fire  at  Covent 
Garden  Theatre,  1830;  Country  Quarters, 
musical  farce,  Covent  Garden,  1831 ;  Court  of 
Queen's  Bench,  operetta,  Olympic  Theatre 
(Vestris),  1832 ;  Paphian  Bower  operetta, 
written  by  Planch6  and  C.  Dance,  Olympic 
Theatre,  December,  1832  ;  Harlequin  Pat, 
operetta,     Covent    Garden,    1832  ;    Married 


BARNETT. 

Lovers,  musical  farce,  Lyceum,  1832  ;  Promo- 
tion, musical  farce,  Lyceum,  1833  ;  Pet  of  the 
Petticoats,  opei'etta,  Sadler's  Wells,  August, 
1832 ;  Win  Her  and  Wear  Her,  opera,  Drury 
Lane,  December,  1839  ;  Soldier's  Widow,  mu- 
sical drama,  written  by  E.  Fitzball,  English 
Opera  Company,  Adelphi,  1833  ;  Two  songs 
and  a  march  in  Nell  Gwynne,  Covent  Garden, 
1833  ;  Song  in  Planch6's  Charles  the  Twelfth, 
Drury  Lane,  1833  ;  Deuce  is  in  her,  operetta, 
1833  ;  Olympic  Revels,  1833  ;  Blanche  of  Jer- 
sey, 1834  ;  Mountain  Sylph,  opera,  written  by 
Thackwray,  Lyceum,  August  25,  1834  :  Fair 
Rosamond,  opera,  written  by  C.  Z.  Barnett, 
Drury  Lane,  March  30, 1837  ;  Pariiielli,  opera, 
written  by  C.  Z.  Barnett,  Drury  Lane,  Feb- 
ruary 8,  1837  ;  Kathleen  opera  (never  pro- 
duced), composed  in  1840 ;  Marie,  opera, 
composed  in  1845  (unfinished).  Oratorios : 
Omnipresence  of  the  Deity,  published  in  1829 
(never  performed) ;  Daniel,  unfinished,  com- 
posed in  1841.  A  Mass.  A  Symphony,  unfin- 
ished, composed  in  1840.  Two  string  quartets, 
MS.,  composed  in  1840.  Spare  Moments,  three 
sketches  for  concertina  [1859] .  Part-songs: 
Twelve  Part-songs,  mostly  published  in  1870 ; 
Chamber  Madrigals,  London,  1861 :  It  is  sum- 
mer it  is  summer ;  Bend  down  from  thy  chariot ; 
Haste  not ;  Farewell  to  the  Flowers  ;  Tic-tac 
of  the  mill ;  Dear  peaceful  valley  ;  Evening 
drum  ;  Merrily,  merrily  sounds  the  horn  ;  In 
the  merry  greenwood ;  Wrong  not,  sweet 
mistress  (madrigal) ;  Chamois  Hunter ;  O 
Lord,  our  governor.  Duets  .  Set  of  six  vocal 
duets  [1845]  ;  A  smile,  a  tear  ;  A  spring  song ; 
Come  where  the  flowers  are  blooming  ;  Dear 
maid,  my  heart  is  thine  ;  Down  in  the  dell ; 
The  Gleaner's  Bell ;  Good  night ;  The  Hun- 
garian to  his  bride  ;  I'll  follow  thee ;  Moon- 
light, music,  love,  and  flowers:  My  gondola 
glides  ;  No  more,  no  more  ;  Oh  1  give  to  me  ; 
Oh  !  'tis  sweet  to  meet  again ;  Spring ;  The 
twilight  hoiir ;  There's  not  a  breeze ;  When  at 
night ;  Where  are  the  mountains  ;  Wilt  thou 
tempt  the  wave  ?  Songs :  Amusement  for 
leisure  hours — seven  songs  and  one  duet 
[1835]  ;  Songs  of  the  Minstrels  [1830]. 
Dreams  of  a  Persian  maiden  [1842]  ;  Twelve 
Russian  Melodies,  with  words  by  Harry  Stoe 
van  Dyk  [1822]  ;  Songs  of  the  Slavonians, 
containing  Bohemian  popular  airs,  with  words 
by  John  Bowring,  London,  1824;  Twenty-four 
songs  in  imitation  of  the  music  of  various 
nations,  with  words  by  Van  Dyk,  Leon  Lee, 
and  Mayhew,  1824  ;  Twelve  Songs  from  Fairy 
Land,  written  by  Thomas  Haynes  Bayley, 
1827  ;  Lyric  Illustrations  of  the  Modern 
Poets,  1834,  reprinted  in  1877  ;  Adieu  to  thee 
fair  Rhine  ;  Ask  me  no  more  ;  A  day-dream  ; 
Banks  of  Broomsgrove  ;  Break,  break,  break  ; 
Bride's  farewell  ;  Chase  the  falling  tear ; 
Clansman's  bride  ;  Come  to  me,  thou  gentle 
child  ;  Dear  Napoli ;  Days  of  Chivalry  ;  Days 


/Z^5^ 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


29 


BAKNETT. 

that  ne'er  return  ;  Flower  of  my  life  ;  Fill  up 
the  wine  cup  ;  Flowers  of  summer ;  Gc ,  thou 
art  free ;  Highlander's  bride ;  Her  heart  is 
mine  ;  Highland  soldier  ;  Highland  minstrel 
boy ;  Hark,  the  fairy  bells ;  Hope  for  the 
bist ;  Here's  a  health  to  merry  England  ;  The 
Holly  ;  Hark,  hark  to  the  sound  ;  I  have  been 
to  the  woods  ;  Is  the  reign  of  fancy  over  ? 
Knight  of  the  golden  crest ;  Light  guitar ; 
Light  of  heart  am  I ;  Lord,  I  believe  ;  List  to 
my  wild  guitar  ;  My  home  beside  the  Quadal- 
quiver ;  Minstrel's  lament ;  Mermaid's  song  ; 
Maid  of  Athens  ;  My  native  land,  good  night ; 
Maiden  of  Sicily ;  Now  the  lamp  of  day  has 
fled ;  Normandy  maid ;  Rock  me  to  sleep ; 
Rose  of  Lucerne,  1823 ;  Rise,  gentle  moon ; 
Swiss  shepherd  ;  Sing,  nightingale,  sing ; 
Sailor  boy's  song ;  Spirit  of  love  ;  There  sits  a 
lovoly  maid ;  The  opal  ring  ;  The  ship  ;  Ves- 
per hour ;  Up  to  the  Forest ;  Village  bells  ; 
Young  moss  rose  ;  Year's  last  hours.  Systems 
and  Singing  Masters,  a  Comment  upon  the 
Wilhem  System,  and  remarks  upon  Mr.  J. 
Hullah's  Manual,  London,  1842,  also,  1877. 
School  for  the  Voice,  a  theoretical  and  practi- 
cal treatise,  London  [1845]  ;  since  reprinted 
several  times. 

Barnett's  Mountain  Sylph  was  the  first 
English  Opera  cast  in  the  dramatic  form 
followed  by  Weber  and  other  masters.  It 
was  very  popular  on  its  original  production 
in  1834,  and  had  a  run  of  over  100  nights.  Of 
the  immense  number  of  songs  and  other  vocal 
pieces  published  by  Barnett,  amounting  in  all 
to  nearly  2000  items,  only  a  few  are  known  to 
the  present  generation  of  musicians.  His 
eldest  daughter  married  Mr.  Robert  E.  Fran- 
cillon,  the  well-known  novelist. 

Barnett,  John  Francis,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  October  16,  1887  ; 
son  of  Joseph  Alfred  Barnett.  His  first  piano- 
forte teacher  was  his  mother.  In  1849  he  was 
placed  under  Dr.  Wylde,  and  in  1850  he  won 
a  King's  Scholarship  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  was 
re-elected  in  1852.  He  appeared  for  the  first 
time  in  public  at  the  New  Philharmonic  Con- 
cert, June  29,  1853,  playing  the  solo  part  in 
Mendelssohn's  Pianoforte  Concerto  in  D 
minor.  In  1856  he  went  to  Leipzig,  and 
studied  at  the  Conservatorium,  under  Haupt- 
mann,  Rietz,  Plaidy,  and  Moscheles.  He 
plaj'^ed  at  the  Gewandhaus  concerts,  March  22, 
1860,  the  D  minor  concerto  of  Mendelssohn. 
At  his  reappearance  in  London,  New  Philhar- 
monic, April  16,  1860,  he  was  heard  in  Beet- 
hoven's Concerto  in  E  flat ;  and  at  the  Phil- 
harmonic Concert,  June  10,  1861,  in  that 
composer's  Concerto  in  C  minor.  He  was 
afterwards  associated  with  Dr.  Wylde  as  a 
teacher  of  the  pianoforte  in  the  London 
Academy  of  Music.  In  1888,  was  appointed 
a  Professor  R.A.M.,  and  is  F.R.A.M.  and 
Member  of  the  Philharmonic  Society.     Was 


BARNETT. 

for  a  time  conductor  of  the  Berkshire  Musical 
Society ;  and  conducted  a  Philharmonic  con- 
cert, April  23,  1884.  p'irstcame  into  notice  as 
a  composer  by  a  Symphony  produced  by  the 
Musical  Society  of  London,  1864  ;  and  receiv- 
ing a  commission  for  the  Birmingham  Festival 
of  1867,  he  soon  attained  a  prominent  position 
among  the  younger  English  composers. 

WoBKS. — Cantatas  :  The  Ancient  Mariner 
(Birmingham  Festival,  1867)  ;  Paradise  and 
the  Peri  (the  same,  1870)  ;  The  Raising  of 
Lazarus  (Oratorio,  New  Philharmonic,  June 
18, 1873  ;  Hereford  Festival,  1876) ;  The  Good 
Shepherd  (Brighton  Festival,  1876)  ;  The 
Building  of  the  ship  (Leeds  Festival,  1880) ; 
Ode,  The  triumph  of  labour  (Crystal  Palace, 
August,  1888)  ;  The  wishing  bell,  Cantata  for 
female  voices  (Norwich  Festival,  1893).  Part- 
songs  ;  Songs,  The  Harp  of  Life  ;  The  Golden 
Gate,  etc.  Orchestral :  Symphony  in  A  minor 
(1864) ;  Symphonic  Overture  in  E  (Philhar- 
monic, 1868) ;  Overture,  A  Winter's  tale 
(British  Orchestral  Society,  February  6, 1873) ; 
Suite,  The  lay  of  the  last  minstrel  (Liverpool 
Festival,  1874)  ;  Sjinphonic  Poem,  The  Har- 
vest Festival  (Norwich  Festival,  1881 ;  and 
revised  as  a  Pastoral  Suite,  Philharmonic, 
May  31,  1888)  ;  Concerto  in  D  minor,  pf.  and 
orchestra  ;  The  Ebbing  tide  ;  Liebeslied,  and 
other  smaller  works  for  orchestra.  Chamber 
Music  :  Quintet  in  G  minor ;  Quartet  in  D 
minor,  strings ;  Trio  in  C  minor,  pf .  and 
strings ;  Sonata  in  G  minor.  Op.  41,  pf.  and 
flute  ;  in  E  minor,  pf.  and  violin.  Pianoforte 
solo  :  Sonata  in  E  minor.  Op.  45  ;  Three  Im- 
promptus ;  Home  scenes,  nine  pieces ;  Seven 
characteristic  studies  ;  and  a  large  number  of 
shorter  pieces,  elegant  in  style  and  widely 
popular.  Offertoire  in  G  and  other  organ 
pieces. 

Barnett,  J.  Maughan,  pianist  and  or- 
ganist. For  some  years  resident  at  Tuubridge 
Wells,  where  he  held  several  organ  appoint- 
ments, and  annuall}'  gave  concerts.  Delicate 
health  caused  him,  in  1889.  to  leave  England 
for  New  Zealand,  where  he  soon  established  a 
reputation  as  a  brilliant  pianist  and  organist, 
giving  performances  also  in  Tasmania.  He 
holds  the  office  of  conductor  of  the  Wellington 
Musical  Society,  N.Z.  He  has  written  some 
pieces  for  pianoforte. 

Barnett,  Joseph  Alfred,  tenor  vocalist 
and  teacher  of  singing,  brother  of  John  Bar- 
nett, was  born  in  London.  Early  in  life  he 
was  articled  to  ]\Ir.  Reeve  of  the  Olympic 
Theatre,  and  appeared  as  a  juvenile  vocalist. 
Afterwards  he  sang  as  a  tenor  vocalist,  in 
London  and  the  provinces,  but  gradually  he 
retired  from  public  life,  and  devoted  himself 
to  voice  training.  He  married  a  daughter  of 
William  Hudson,  the  artist,  and  had  a  large 
family,  among  wliom  may  be  named  John 
Francis  and  Emma,  who  are  separately  no- 


30 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BARNETT. 

ticed.  He  was  for  many  years  principal  tenor 
at  the  Church  cf  the  Spanish  Embassy,  and 
choirmaster  of  Warwick  Street  Church,  and 
St.  Aloysius,  Somers  Town,  London.  Pro- 
fessor of  Singing  at  the  London  Academy  of 
Music,  and  teacher  in  many  large  schools. 
Composer  of  "Domini  Salvuni,"  quartet  and 
chorus  ;  "  Ave  INIaria,"  quartet  ;  "  Exaudi 
Deus,"  tenor  solo ;  many  duets,  songs,  and 
other  vocal  music. 

Barnett,  Neville  George,  organist  and 
musical  critic,  born  in  London,  March  3, 
1854.  Pupil  of  R.  Limpus,  E.  J.  Hopkins, 
and  E.  H.  Turpin.  F.R.C.O.,  1873.  Ap- 
pointed organist  and  choirmaster  St.  Philip's 
Arlington  Square,  in  1872.  Subsequently,  he 
went  to  New  Zealand,  where  he  held  several 
appointments,  but  he  finally  settled  in  Sydney, 
New  South  Wales.  He  was  organist  of  St. 
Mary's  Cathedral  (Roman  Catholic)  ;  INIusical 
Director  at  tlie  Jewish  Synagogue,  and  in- 
structor at  the  Blind  Institution.  For  blind 
students  he  invented  a  tj'pe-writer,  enabling 
them  to  write  according  to  the  Braille  system. 
When  he  went  to  Sydney  he  was  aj)pointed 
musical  critic  of  the  Sydney  Morning  Herald, 
then  of  the  Evening  News,  and  lastly,  of  the 
Sydney  Daily  Telegraph.  He  composed  an 
Opera,  "  Pomare,"  on  a  Tahitan  legend,  which 
was  performed  at  Auckland ;  a  Mass,  organ 
pieces,  part-songs,  etc.  He  also  wrote  some 
treatises  on  niusic,  his  last  work,  "  The  Art 
Theory  of  Harmony  (dedicated  to  Sir  George 
Grove"),  is  still  in  MS.  He  died  at  Picton, 
N.S.W.,  September  26,  1895. 

Barnett,  Robert,  pianist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Macclesfield,  in  1818.  He  studied 
at  the  R.  A.M.,  and  in  1840  was  appointed  a  pro- 
fessor of  the  pf.  there.  In  1842  he  appeared  as 
a  pianist  at  the  Quartet  Concerts,  Hanover 
Square  Rooms,  and  in  1850  at  the  Society  of 
British  Musicians.  He  was  elected  an  Associ- 
ate of  the  Philharmonic  Society  in  1843.  Died 
at  Slough,  Windsor,  November,  1875. 

Works. — Pianists'  Companion,  London, 
1857  (issued  in  parts).  Sonatas,  rondos,  and 
airs  for  pianoforte,  1842  (selected).  Useful 
scale  practice  for  the  pianoforte,  1843.  Rondo 
grazioso  and  rondoletto  scherzando  for  jjf. 
Edited  Pianoforte  works  by  Mozart,  Pleyel, 
and  Dussek. 

His  eldest  son  Domenico,  born  in  London, 
August  25,  1846.  Studied  at  Leipzig  Con- 
servatorium  under  Moscheles,  E.  P.  Richter, 
Reinecke,  and  others.  Principal  professor  of 
pianoforte  at  the  Ladies'  College,  Cheltenham. 
Has  composed  some  music  for  pf.,  but  nothing 
is  published  hitherto. 

Barnhill,  James,  Scottish  author,  who 
graduated  M.A.,  at  Glasgow  University.  He 
published  "  The  Statics  of  Harmony,  with  an 
appendix  on  anticipations,  suspensions,  and 
transitions,  illustrated  by  examples  from  the 


BARRETT. 

great  masters,"  London,  18G5.  Reprinted  from 
the  Choir.    He  published  various  other  works. 

Barr,  James,  musician,  was  born  at 
Tarbolton,  Ayr,  in  1781.  Employed  by  J. 
Stephen,  music-publisher,  Wilson  Street, 
Glasgow,  1812,  and  was  a  music  teacher  in 
Glasgow.  He  resided  in  Canada  as  farmer, 
1832-1855.  The  "  blithe  Jamie  Barr,  frae  St. 
Barchan's  touu,"  of  Tannahill.  Composer  of 
a  few  melodies,  of  which  "  Thou  bonnie  wood 
o'  Craigielea  (words  by  Tannahill)  is  well 
known.  He  died  at  Govan,  February  24, 
I860,  and  is  buried  at  Kilbarchan. 

Barr,  Samuel,  composer  and  writer,  was 
born  at  Glasgow,  in  1807.  Self-taught  in 
music.  He  was  a  teacher  in  Glasgow,  and 
precentor  in  Dr.  Wardlaw's  (Independent) 
Church.  Professor  of  Music  in  the  Mechanics' 
Institute,  Glasgow.  Died,  Glasgow,  May  16, 
1866. 

Works. — The  Theory  and  Practice  of  Har- 
mony and  Composition,  London,  1861;  Art 
of  Singing  at  sight  simplified,  Glasgow,  1847 
and  1859  ;  Anthems  ;  Psalms.  Songs  :  Hur- 
rah !  for  the  Highlands;  The  warning;  The 
land  for  me  ;  The  bridal  gem  ;  Naebody  kens 
ye.     Part-songs  ;  Miscellaneous  writings. 

Barr  was  well  known  in  Glasgow  and  the 
West  of  Scotland  as  a  teacher  of  merit,  and 
is  generally  supj^osed  to  have  introduced  class 
music  teachinc  into  the  West  of  Scotland. 

Barraclough,  Isaac,  musician,  of  Shef- 
field. Published  "  Sacred  music,  consisting 
of  Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes  .  .  .  for  four 
voices,  with  an  accompaniment  for  the  organ 
or  pianoforte,"  London  [1836].  "Sacred 
music,  consicting  of  original  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes    .    .    ,"  Sheffield  [1847]. 

Barratt,  John,  organist,  born  near  Hud- 
dersfield,  January  11,  1848.  Received  his 
musical  training  at  York  Minster.  Graduated 
Mus.  B.,  Oxford,  1877.  Organist  of  Paisley 
Abbey,  the  Clark  Town  Hall,  and  Conductor 
of  Paisley  Select  Choir.  Has  published  an- 
thems, hymn-tunes,  etc.  His  son,  William 
Augustus  Barratt,  born  1874,  was  a  scholar 
of  the  R.C.M.  He  first  came  into  notice  by 
his  setting  of  "  Sir  Patrick  Spens,"  for  bari- 
tone solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  produced  at 
Edinburgh,  December  1894.  A  cantata,  "  The 
Death  of  Cuthullin,"  was  brought  out  in  that 
city,  December  1895.  He  has  also  published 
an  Albuni  of  ten  songs  (Paterson),  etc. 

Barrett.  The  name  of  a  family  honour- 
ably distinguished  in  church  music  in  Bristol. 
The  father.  Slater  Barrett,  was  in  the  choir 
of  Bristol  Cathedral  for  nearly  sixty  years. 
John  Barrett,  the  elder  son,  born  at  Bristol, 
1812,  was  a  chorister  in  the  Cathedral,  and 
for  many  years  organist  of  St.  Augustine's 
Church,  and  also  at  the  Blind  Asylum,  the 
choir  of  which  he  raised  to  a  high  standard 
of  excellence.     He  was  one  of  the  founders 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


31 


BARRETT. 

of  the  Bristol  Madrigal  Society  (1837),  and 
for  some  time,  until  his  last  illness,  was  a 
Vice-President.  He  died  June  24,  1886.  His 
brother,  Geokge  Barrett,  was  born  at  Bris- 
tol, March  16,  1814.  Chorister  in  the  Cathed- 
ral, and  in  Jauuary,  18-39,  appointed  organist 
of  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Hotwells,  an  office 
he  held  for  fifty-two  years.  Was  also  a 
founder  of  the  Ma  irigal  Society,  and  the  last 
surviving  original  member,  and  a  Vice-Presi- 
dent froni  1880.  He  died  March  5,  1891,  a 
tablet  in  Holy  Trinity  Church  commemorat- 
ing his  long  and  faithful  service  as  organist. 

Barrett,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1G74.  Pupil  of  Dr.  Blow.  Music 
teacher  at  Christ's  Hospital  [1710].  Organist 
at  Church  of  St.  Mary  at  Hill,  1710.  He  died 
at  London,  1785  [1788]. 

Works.— Music  for  Love's  Last  Shift,  1696; 
Tunbridge  Wells,  1703;  Mary,  Quetn  of  Scois, 
1703 ;  Custom  of  the  Manor  [1715] ;  Wife  of 
Bath.  Songs:  Celinda;  Cruel  charmer,  do  not 
grieve  me ;  Fine  lady's  airs;  Gloriaua  is  en- 
gaging fair;  Happy  fair;  In  the  pleasant 
month  of  May;  Liberia's  all  my  thought; 
Love  is  now  become  a  trade;  Pilgrim;  Three 
goddessses,  etc. 

Barrett,  John,  organist,  born  at  Bristol, 
March  31,  18-37.  Chorister  at  the  Cathedral, 
1844,  and  in  1853  articled  for  five  years  to  J. 
D.  Corfe,  Cathedral  Organist.  After  that  time 
he  was  assistant  organist  at  the  Cathedral  for 
two  3'ears,  while  holding  the  post  of  organist 
and  choirmaster  successively  at  All  Saints', 
Bristol,  and  at  Bedminsier  Parish  Church. 
In  1878  he  resigned  the  latter  appointment, 
having  been  elected  to  Christ  Church,  Clif- 
ton, a  post  he  still  retains.  He  has  been, 
since  1883,  conductor  of  the  Bristol  Church  ' 
Choral  Union,  which  holds  its  annual  festi- 
val in  the  Cathedral.  He  has  also  formed  a 
special  choir,  which  has  produced  Schubert's 
Mass  in  E  flat,  and  other  important  works 
for  the  first  time  in  Bristol.  A  zealous  worker 
for  the  Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians, 
as  Hon.  Sec.  for  the  Western  Section,  he  has 
made  it  one  of  the  most  flourishing  of  any. 
It  was  the  first  to  form  a  special  library  of 
music,  which  out  of  compliment  to  him,  was 
named  the  Barrett  Library. 

Barrett,  William  Alexander,  writer, 
vocalist,  and  organist,  born  at  Hackney,  Lon- 
don, October  15,  1886,  son  of  an  architect. 
Chorister  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1846-49, 
and  pupil  of  George  Cooper,  W.  Bayley  (one 
of  the  lay-vicars),  and  John  Goss,  for  com- 
position. First  sang  in  public  at  a  concert 
given  by  J.  B.  Stansell,  at  St.  Philip's  Schools, 
Stepney,  November,  1847.  When  his  voice 
changed  he  took  to  drawing  on  wood,  and  in 
1854.  illustrated  Holt's  "Chronicle  of  the 
Crimean  War,"  and  an  edition  of  Shakes- 
peare.    From  1855  to  '57  he  was  engaged  in 


BARRETT. 

journalistic  work  on  the  Morning  Chrotiicle, 
book  reviewing;  and  translating  stories  and 
poems  for  different  publishers.  Appointed 
principal  alto  at  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street, 
in  1858;  and  in  1861,  lay -vicar,  Magdalen  Col- 
lege, Oxford.  He  was  also  organist  at  St. 
John's,  Cowley,  Oxford,  1863-66.  Sub-editor 
and  illustrator  of  the  Penny  Post,  Oxford, 
1861-67.  Graduated  Mus.  B.,  Oxford,  1871. 
Appointed  assistant  vicar  choral,  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  1867 ;  vicar  choral,  1876.  He  wrote 
his  first  musical  criticisms  while  at  Oxford, 
which  appeared  in  the  Oxford  Times,  1864-66. 
On  his  return  to  London  he  was  offered  the 
post  of  musical  critic  on  the  Morning  Post 
(1869),  which  he  retained  till  his  death.  He 
also  wrote  for  the  JVhitehall  Review  and  the 
Globe  (1874-75).  Was  editor  of  the  Movthly 
Musical  Record  (1877) ;  the  Orchestra  (1881) ; 
and  the  Musical  Times  from  1887.  Other  ap- 
pointments were.  Assistant  Examiner  in  Mu- 
sic with  Dr.  John  HuUah,  1873;  Examiner  to 
the  Society  of  Arts,  and  to  the  Council  of 
Military  Education,  1883.  Mr.  Barrett  was 
elected  Fellow  of  the  College  of  Organists, 
1871;  and  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
Literature;  Lecturer  to  the  City  of  London 
College  and  London  Institution ;  Mus.  D., 
Trinity  College,  Toronto;  and,  in  1888,  ap- 
pointed by  the  Prince  of  Wales  Grand  Organ- 
ist of  the  United  Grand  Lodge  of  Freemasons, 
in  succession  to  Sir  Arthur  Sullivan.  It  was 
at  W^alworth,  in  1856,  that,  with  a  discourse 
on  the  "  History  of  the  Gipsies,"  he  began  his 
career  as  a  lecturer,  his  extensive  knowledge 
enabling  him  to  deal  with  a  great  variety  of 
topics.  Some  of  these  lectures  have  been  pub- 
lished. In  the  midst  of  an  active  life  he  was 
attacked  by  apoplexy,  and  to  the  great  loss  of 
the  world  of  music,  died  October  17,  1891. 

Works. —  Oratorio,  Christ  before  Pilate 
(MS.);  Anthems;  Madrigals:  On  a  mossy 
bank  (eight  voices.  Bristol  Madrigal  Society, 
1839).  Cynthia.  Literary:  Flowers  and  fes- 
tivals, or  directions  for  the  floral  decorations 
of  churches,  1868 ;  The  Chorister's  Guide 
(1872?);  Dictionary  of  musical  terms  (with 
Dr.  Stainer),  1875;  Etymons  of  musical  terms 
(1876) ;  English  glee  and  madrigal  writers, 
London,  1877;  Introduction  to  form  and  in- 
strumentation for  beginners  in  composition, 
1879;  English  church  composers  ("Great 
Musicians"  series),  London,  San:pson  Low, 
1882  ;  Balfe,  his  life  and  work,  London,  Rem- 
ington, 1882;  Editor  of  English  folk  songs; 
Standard  English  songs  (Novello),  etc. 

Barrett,  William  Lewis,  flutist,  born 
in  London,  January  4,  1847.  His  father  was 
a  violinist,  and  his  mother  came  off  a  well- 
known  musical  family  in  Merionethshire. 
Taken  to  Wales  when  an  infant,  he  spent  his 
early  years  there,  and  when  seven  years  of 
age  commenced  to  play  the  violin,  which  he 


32 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY, 


BAKRINGTON. 

afterwards  changed  for  the  flute.  Destined 
for  a  commercial  career,  he  only  took  up 
music  as  a  profession  after  the  death  of  his 
father.  Studied  the  flute  under  R.  S.  Rock- 
strfi,  and  harmony  under  W.  Castell.  His 
firsi  work  was  deputising  for  Mr.  John  Rad- 
clifE,  and  he  was  soon  engaged  by  Costa  as 
second  flute  and  piccolo  at  fier  j\Iajesty's 
Opera,  where  afterwards,  for  many  years,  he 
was  principal  flute.  Similar  a]3pointments 
were  also  held  at  the  Royal  Italian  Opera 
(five  years),  the  Carl  Rosa  London  season 
(seven  years) ;  and  he  has  been  engaged  for 
Birmingham,  Leeds,  and  Three  Choirs  Festi- 
vals, the  chief  orchestral  concerts,  and  is  now 
principal  flute  of  the  Philharmonic  Society, 
and  Professor  at  the  R.C.M.  He  toured  with 
Madame  Albani  in  Canada  and  the  LTnited 
States,  and  has  also  appeared,  with  success, 
on  the  continent.  He  has  published  Flute 
Studies;  solo  and  important  passages;  Ro- 
mance and  Tarentella,  etc. 

Barrington,  Hon.  Daines,  English  writer 
on  Law,  ]\lusic,  and  Natural  History,  was  born 
at  London,  1727.  Judge  on  Welsh  Circuit, 
1757.  Second  Justice  at  Chester.  Retired  from 
the  Law  and  resided  in  the  Temple.  He  died 
March  11,  1800. 

Barrington  wrote  a  standard  work  on  the 
Statutes,  a  work  on  the  possibility  of  reaching 
the  North  Pole,  and  several  pap'^rs  dealing 
with  Crotch,  the  Wesleys,  Mornington,  and 
Mozart.  See  his  "Miscellanies,"  1781,  and 
the  Philosophical  Transactions,  1780.  Also 
author  of  "Experiments  and  Observations  on 
the  Singing  of  Birds,"  London,  1773. 

Barrington,  Rutland,  George  Ruti^and 
Flekt,  actor  and  vocalist.  First  appeared  on 
the  stage  at  the  Olympic  Theatre;  then  toured 
for  some  years  with  Howard  Paul.  In  1877,  he 
was  engaged  for  the  Opera  Comique  Company, 
and  made  his  debztt  as  the  Vicar,  in  "  The 
Sorcerer,"  on  its  production,  November  17, 
1877  ;  and  has  since  taken  part  in  most  of  the 
Gilbert  and  Sullivan  Operas,  his  Pooh  Bah, 
in  the  "  Mikado,"  being  one  of  his  most  re- 
markable assumptions.  In  1888,  he  turned 
theatrical  manager,  opening  the  St.  James's 
Theatre  in  October ;  but  the  enterprise  did  not 
prosper,  and  he  gave  it  up  the  January  follow- 
ing. Since  then  he  has  re-appeaied  at  the 
Savoy  Theatre,  his  latest  character  being  Lud- 
wig  in  "  The  Grand  Duke  "  (March,  189G). 

Barrow,  J.,  musician  of  18th  century. 
Published  "Book  of  Psalmody  .  .  .  ,"  1730 
and  1751.  "  Psalm -singer's  choice  companion, 
or  an  imitation  of  heaven  on  earth,  the  beauty 
of  Holiness,  being  a  conapleat  composition  of 
Church  musick,  containing  variety  of  tunes 
for  all  the  common  metres  of  the  Psalms  .  .  . 
with  a  new  and  compleat  introduction  to  the 
skill  of  musick.  To  which  is  added  an  alpha- 
betical dictionary  .  .  ."  n.d. 


BARRY. 

Barrow,  Thomas,  composer  and  alto 
singsr  of  the  latter  half  of  the  18th  century. 
He  was  a  choirister  and  gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  and  sang  in  Handel's  Oratorios. 
He  died  on  August  13,  1789.  He  composed 
some  Church  music,  chants,  etc. 

Barry,  Charles  Ainslie,  composer,  or- 
ganist and  writer,  born  in  London,  June  10, 
1830,  Educated  at  Rugby,  and  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Cambridge.  While  at  Cambridge  he 
studied  music  with  Professor  T.  A.  Wa  niisley. 
Graduated  B.A.  and  il.A.  By  his  father's 
wish  he  studied  for  the  ministrj',  and  passed 
the  voluntary  Theological  Examination  at 
Cambridge  ;  but  music  became  his  ultimate 
choice.  At  the  Cologne  Conservatorium  he 
studied  under  F.  Weber,  E.  Frank,  and  F. 
Hiller  ;  at  Leipzig,  with  Moscheles  and  E.  F. 
Richter  (1856-7) :  and  during  his  residence 
at  Dresden  received  valuable  hints  from  Carl 
Reissiger.  Returned  to  London,  1858,  and 
held  an  appointment  as  organist  and  choir- 
master at  the  Forest  School,  Leytonstone 
Hill,  18G0  ;  but  a  year  earlier  began  to  devote 
his  attention  chiefly  to  musical  and  literary 
composition.  Under  the  initials  "C.A.B." 
he  has  contributed  many  articles  to  the 
Guardi  en.  Monthly  Musical  Record,  Musical 
World,  Athciucum,  and  The  Meistcr ;  and  to 
the  Analytical  programme  books  of  the  Crystal 
Palace,  Philharmonic,  Bache,  Richter,  and 
Birmingham  Festival  Concerts,  etc.  He  was 
secretary  to  the  Liszt  Scholarship  Fund,  1886, 
and  is  widely  known  as  a  cultured  musician 
with  sympathetic  leanings  to  the  advanced 
modern  school  of  composition. 

WoEKS. —  yniphouy,  for  orchestra ;  Two 
Overtures ;  March  (Festival  March,  played 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  Concerts,  1862) ;  String 
Quartet ;  Cantatas,  sacred  and  secular,  all  in 
MS.  Clioral  Hymns  for  four  voices ;  The 
story  of  the  Resurrection,  a  cycle  of  Hymns  ; 
The  Christmas  story,  ditto;  Tunes  in  Hymns 
Ancient  and  IModern  and  the  New  Mitre 
Hymnal,  etc.  Six  Songs  with  English  and 
German  words  ;  Four  Songs  (C.  Kingsley)  ; 
Two  Songs  (Tennyson)  ;  Elizabeth's  Songs 
from  The  Saint's  Tragedy  (Kingsley) ;  and 
many  others.  O,  holy  night,  five-part  song. 
Theme  with  variations,  pf .  duet ;  A  Birthday 
March;  Barcarolle;  Tarantella;  Menuetto 
grazioso,  and  other  pf.  pieces.  Transcriptions, 
Overture,  Beatrice  and  Benedict,  Berlioz, 
pf.  duet ;  Andante,  from  Tschaikowsky's 
Quartet  in  D,  pf.  solo  ;  Pf.  score  of  Te 
Deum,  Berlioz.  Editor  of  The  Child's  Book 
of  Praise  (Masters),  etc. 

Barry,  William  Vipond,  pianist,  com- 
poser, and  writer,  born  at  Bandou,  March, 
1827.  Appeared  in  Belfast  as  pianist,  1846, 
and  founded  the  Belfast  Classical  Harmonist 
Society.  He  resided  for  a  time  in  the  Pot- 
teries,  England.      He   studied  under  Liszt, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


33 


BARTHELEMON. 


BARTON. 


and  was  M.A.  and  Ph.  D.  of  Gottingen  Uni- 
versity honoris  causi.  Organist  of  the  Cathe- 
dral, Port  of  Spain,  Trinadad,  and  died  there 
March  13,  1872.  He  composed  music  for  the 
pianoforte,  and  wrote  a  work  entitled  "  Disser- 
tation on  the  Emotional  Nature  of  Musical 
Art,  and  its  Media  of  Operation,"  London, 
1863.  His  son,  William  H.  Barry,  born  at 
Belfast,  April,  1858,  is  a  composer  and  concert 
giver  in  Dubhn. 

Barthelemon,  Mrs.,  sec  Young,  Mary. 

Bartholomew,  Ann  Sheppard,  born 
MoUNSEY,  composer,  organist  and  pianist, 
born  in  London,  April  17,  1811.  Became  a 
pupil  of  Logier  in  1817,  and  came  under  the 
notice  of  Spohr  when  he  visited  Logier's  in- 
stitution in  1820,  her  harmonising  of  a  melody 
being  printed  in  his  Autobiography  (English 
ed..  Vol.  II.,  p.  100).  She  afterwards  studied 
under  Samuel  Wesley  and  Thomas  Attwood, 
and  in  1828  was  appointed  organist  at  Clap- 
ton. The  next  year  she  went  to  St.  Michael's, 
Wood  Street,  and  in  1837  to  St.  Vedast's, 
Foster  Lane,  a  post  she  held  for  nearly  fifty 
years.  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic  Society, 
1834  ;  Member  Royal  Society  of  Musicians, 
1839.  In  1843  she  began  giving  series  of 
Classical  Sacred  Concerts  at  Crosby  Hall, 
which  were  continued  until  1848.  The  first 
concert  took  place  November  22,  1843,  and  at 
that  given  January  8,  1845,  Mendelssohn's 
"  Hear  my  Prayer  "  (composed  for  these  con- 
certs) was  performed  for  the  first  time.  Miss 
Rainforth  singing  the  solo  part.  Several  of 
Mendelssohn's  smaller  pieces  were  first  intro- 
duced at  these  concerts.  Miss  Mounsey  was 
married  to  Mr.  W.  Bartholomew,  April  28, 
1853.  Her  artistic  career  was  long  and  dis- 
tinguished. She  was  a  fine  executant,  par- 
ticiilarly  upon  the  organ.  The  earliest  of  her 
known  compositions,  a  ballad,  "  Mary,  meet 
me  there,"  was  published  in  1832 ;  and  she 
issued  a  set  of  hymn  tunes  as  late  as  1883. 
She  was  the  possessor  of  the  original  MS.  of 
"  Hear  my  Prayer,"  which  she  presented  to 
the  South  Kensington  Museum  in  1871 ;  and 
of  the  pianoforte  score  of  "  Elijah."  The  last 
few  years  of  her  life  she  passed  in  retirement, 
and  died  in  London,  June  24,  1891. 

Works. — Oratorio,  The  Nativity,  produced 
at  St.  Martin's  Hall  (HuUah  Concerts)  Jan- 
uary 17,  1855 ;  Sacred  Cantata,  Supplication 
and  Thanksgiving,  dedicated  to  H.R.H.  the 
Princess  of  Wales,  1864  ;  Sacred  Harmony, 
Hymns,  &c. ;  Hymns  of  Prayer  and  Praise, 
(both  edited  and  composed  in  conjunction 
with  her  sister,  Elizabeth  Mounsey) ;  Thirty- 
four  original  tunes  set  to  favourite  hymns 
(1883),  and  other  sacred  pieces.  Six  songs, 
composed  for  the  Royal  Society  of  Female 
Musicians  (1845) ;  Sis  songs  of  remembrance ; 
many  detached  songs,  &c.  Six  duets  in  canon 
(1886) ;  Six  four-part  songs,  Op.  37 ;  A  wreath 
c 


for  Christmas,  &c.  Prelude  and  gigue,  and 
other  pieces  for  pianoforte.  Organ  music, 
&c.  Notes,  and  unpublished  letters  of  Men- 
delssohn, contributed  to  Lady  Wallace's  trans- 
lation of  Elise  Polko's  "Reminiscences  of 
Mendelssohn." 

Bartholomew,  William,  scientist,  writer, 
and  violinist,  was  born  in  London  in  1793. 
Married  to  Miss  Ann  S.  Mounsey,  April  28, 
1853.  Chiefly  known  as  the  adapter  of  the 
librettos  of  Mendelssohn's  works.  Died  in 
London,  August  18,  1867. 

Works. — Toy  songs  for  children,  written 
and  adapted  to  pleasing  melodies  .  .  London 
[1849] .  English  version  of  the  words  of 
Mendelssohn's  Antigone,  Athalie,  .^dipus, 
Lauda  Sion,  Walpurgisnacht,  Loreley,  Elijah, 
Christvis ;  Spohr's  Jessonda ;  Costa's  Eli  and 
Naaman  ;  Bartholomew's  The  Nativity,  etc. 

Mr.  Bartholomew  is  best  known  for  his 
connection  with  Mendelssohn,  with  whom 
his  intercourse  was  friendly  and  intimate. 
Mr.  Bartholomew  wrote  many  hymns  of  con- 
siderable merit,  in  addition  to  the  works 
named  above. 

Bartleman,  James,  bass  vocalist,  was 
born  at  Westminster,  on  September  19,  1769. 
He  studied  under  Dr.  B.  Cooke.  Bass  chor- 
ister at  the  Ancient  Music  Concerts,  1788-91. 
Principal  bass  at  the  Vocal  Concerts,  1791, 
and  at  the  Concert  of  Ancient  Music,  1795. 
He  died  in  London,  April  15,  1821.  This 
vocalist  revived,  and  by  his  magnificent  per- 
formance, created  an  interest  in  the  music  of 
Henry  Purcell  which  lived  for  many  years. 

Bartlett,  John,  composer,  born  in  latter 
half  of  the  16th  century.  He  composed  a 
"  Booke  of  Ayres,  with  a  Triplicitie  of  Musicke, 
whereof  the  first  part  is  for  the  lute  or  or- 
pharion,  and  the  viole  de  Gamba,  and  four 
parts  to  sing ;  the  second  part  is  for  two 
trebles  to  sing  to  the  lute  and  viole  ;  the  third 
part  is  for  the  lute  and  one  voyce,  and  the 
viole  de  Gamba,"  London,  1606.  Bartlett 
was  a  Bachelor  of  Music,  Oxford,  in  1610,  but 
his  biography  is  unknown. 

Bartolozzi,  Josephine,  see  Anderson, 
Josephine. 

Bartolozzi,  Lucia  E.,  see  Vestris, 
Lucia    E. 

Barton,  William,  musician,  was  bom 
about  1598.  He  was  vicar  of  Mayfield,  Staf- 
fordshire, and  afterwards  vicar  of  St.  Martin's, 
Leicester.  He  died  at  Leicester,  May,  1678, 
aged  80.  He  published  the  "Book  of  Psalms 
in  metre,  close  and  proper  to  the  Hebrew, 
smoth  and  pleasant  for  the  metre  ;  plain  and 
easie  for  the  tune,  with  musicall  notes,  argu- 
ments, annotations,  and  index.  Pitted  for 
the  ready  use  and  understanding  of  all  good 
Christians  ..."  London,  1644,  2nd  edition, 
1645 ;  also  1646,  1651,  1654,  1682,  1692,  Dub- 
lin, 1706.  etc. 


34 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BASSANTIN. 

Bassantiti,  James,  astronomer  and  math- 
ematician, was  born  in  Berwickshire  in  the 
reign  of  James  IV.  of  Scotland.  He  studied 
at  Glasgow  and  Paris,  and  passed  his  life  in 
scientific  pursuits  on  his  estate  of  Bassendean. 
He  died  in  1568.  His  works  are  "  Astronomia 
Jacobi  Bassantini  Scoti,  opus  absolutissimum 
.  .  .  ,"  Geneva,  1599 ;  several  minor  works  on 
mathematics,  and  "  Musica  secundum  Plato- 
nem,"  published  about  1560.  It  was  issued  in 
French  and  Latin,  but  is  of  no  practical  value, 
being  simply  an  abstract-work  on  music  on 
the  principles  of  the  Platonists. 

Bate,  Mrs.  J.  D.,  musician.  Compiler 
of  "The  North  India  Tune-Book,  containing 
Bhajans  and  Ghazals,  with  native  tunes." 
London,  1886. 

Bates,  Frank,  organist  and  composer,  born 
at  Jlarch,  Cambridge,  in  1856.  Musical  train- 
ing private.  After  acting  for  a  short  time  as 
assistant  organist  at  the  Parish  Church,  Leam- 
ington, he  was  appointed,  in  1874,  to  St. 
Baldred's,  North  Berwick.  While  there,  he 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Dublin,  1880:  his  Doc- 
tor's Degree  being  conferred  in  July,  1884. 
He  was  organist  at  St.  John's,  Edinburgh, 
from  1882  to  1885,  at  the  end  of  which  time 
he  received  the  appointment  of  organist  of 
Norwich  Cathedral.  In  1888  he  instituted 
Musical  Services  for  the  people,  with  special 
choir,  and  has  been  actively  engaged  as  tea- 
cher of  music  in  Norwich,  where  he  resides. 

His  compositions  include  an  Oratorio,  Sam- 
uel (Dubhn,  1884)  ;  a  setting  of  Ps.  67,  both 
in  MS.  He  has  published  a  Morning  and 
Evening  Service  in  B  flat,  an  Evening  Ser- 
vice in  G  ;  God  is  our  hope;  I  will  sing;  Hear 
my  Prayer,  and  other  anthems. 

Bates,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  on  July  6,  1802.  In  1839  he  became 
organist  of  Ripon  Cathedral,  a  post  he  re- 
tained till  his  death  at  Ripon,  on  January  24, 
1881.  He  composed  "  Sacred  Music  ...  in 
fiill  score  for  voices  with  an  accompaniment 
for  the  organ  or  pianoforte."  London,  [1857] . 
Hymns,  etc. 

Bates,  Joah,  musician,  and  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Handel  Commemoration,  was 
born  at  Halifax  in  March,  1749.  Instructed  in 
music  by  Hartley,  organist  at  Rochdale  ;  and 
R.  Wainwright,  organist,  of  Manchester.  He 
resided  for  a  time  at  Eton  and  Cambridge,  and 
became  private  secretary  to  the  Earl  of 
Sandwich.  In  1767  he  graduated  ]M.A.  at 
Cambridge,  and  in  1776  he  was  appointed 
Commissioner  of  the  VictuaUing  Office.  He 
estabhshed  the  Concert  of  Ancient  Music, 
1776,  and  acted  as  conductor  till  1793.  Found- 
ed Handel  Conmiemoration  (with  Sir  W.  W. 
Wynn  and  Viscount  Fitzwilliam),  1783.  He 
died  in  London,  June  8,  1799. 

The  "  Handel  Commemoration  "  with  which 
Bates  is  chiefly  identified  was,  in  its  time,  a 


BATES. 

much  talked  of  enterprise.  No  such  gather 
ing  of  a  large  body  of  musicians  had  ever 
before  taken  place,  and  the  extensive  arrange- 
ments undertaken  in  connection  with  it  caused 
sufficient  stir  to  assure  its  success.  The  vocal- 
ists who  held  the  principle  parts  on  the  occa- 
sion of  the  first  public  performance  were — 
Miss  Cantelo,  Miss  Abrams,  Mdlle  Mara,  Miss 
Harwood,  Signors  Bartolini  and  Tasca ;  and 
Messrs.  Harrison,  D^nie,  Champness,  Bellamy, 
Corfe,  Norris,  Kjij^^ett,  Clerk,  Reinhold,  and 
]\Iatthieson.  Bates  conducted,  and  the  festi- 
val took  enormously.  The  first  performance 
was  in  Westminster  Abbey,  on  May  26, 
1784.  Second  and  third  performances  were 
given  on  May  27  and  29.  The  programme 
included  "The  Messiah,"  The  Dettingen  Te 
Deum,  a  Coronation  Anthem,  and  miscellane- 
ous selections  from  Handel's  works. 

As  regards  Bates  it  can  be  said  that  he  was 
a  famous  conductor,  and  in  every  respect  a 
musician  of  great  knowledge  and  administra- 
tive ability.  He  did  not  compose  anything  so 
far  as  we  can  learn,  but  appears  to  be  widely 
known  among  musicians  of  every  grade  during 
his  lifetime.  He  is  somewhat  roughly  handled 
by  the  Scotch  poet,  A.  Macdonald,  in  "Moni- 
tory Madrigals  to  Musical  Ajuateurs,"  Nos.  3 
and  4,  contained  in  his  Miscellaneous  Works, 
1791.  He  was  married  to  Sarah  Harrop,  a 
soprano  vocaUst,  who  is  noticed  under  her 
own  name. 

Bates,  John  W.,  compiler  of  "The 
Sacred  Lyre,  containing  original  psalm  and 
hymn  tunes  .  .  ."     London    [1841]. 

Bates,  T.  C,  author  of  a  "Complete 
Preceptor  for  the  flageolet,"  London  [1840] ; 
and  "  Complete  Preceptor  for  the  violin," 
London   [1845]. 

Bates,  William,  composer  of  the  18th  cen- 
tury, who  flourished  between  1720  and  1790. 
He  was  connected  with  the  Marylebone  and 
Vauxhall  Gardens,  for  which  he  composed 
much  vocal  music.  In  1760  he  acted  as  sing- 
ing master  to  Ann  Cateley,  the  vocalist,  and  in 
1763  he  was  prosecuted  andfined  for  trying  to 
dispose  of  or  sell  the  person  of  his  pupil  for  im- 
moral purposes  to  Sir  Francis  Blake  Delavel. 
He  died,  probably  in  London,  about  1790. 

Works. — Operas  and  Musical  Dramas — 
Flora,  or  Hob  in  the  well ;  Pharmaces,  an 
English  opera  altered  from  the  Italian  ;  The 
Theatrical  candidates,  a  prelude  [1 788] ;  The 
Ladies  frolick  (with  T.  A.  Arne),  1770.  Songs — 
Collection  of  songs  sung  at  Vauxhall,  Lon- 
don, 1771,  also  1776 ;  Songs  sung  at  the 
Grotto  Gardens,  1771  ;  The  buck's  motto ; 
The  butterfly ;  Ye  famed  and  witty  one,  etc. 
Various  glees  and  catches.  Six  sonatas  for 
two  violins,  with  a  thorough  bass  for  the  harp- 
sichord or  violoncello,  London  [1750] .  Eigh- 
teen duettinos  for  two  guitars,  two  French 
horns  or  two  clarinetts,  London  [1780] . 


BFJTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


35 


BATESON. 

Bateson,  Thomas,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, was  born  in  the  latter  half  of  the 
the  16th  century.  Organist  of  Chester  Cathe- 
dral, 1599.  Resided  in  Ireland  for  many 
years,  from  1608.  Organist  and  vicar  choral 
of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,  1608. 
Mus.  Bac,  Dublin.  (The  first  on  whom  the 
degree  was  conferred  by  the  University). 
The  date  of  his  death  is  unknown. 

Works. — First  set  of  madrigals,  1604  (re- 
printed by  the  Musical  Antiquarian  Society 
in  1846) ;  Second  set  of  madrigals,  1618 ; 
Two  madrigals  in  the  Triumphs  of  Oriana. 

Bathe,  William,  Irish  Jesuit  and  writer, 
was  born  in  Dublin,  1564.  Studied  at  Lou- 
vain  and  Padua,  and  became  rector  of  the 
Irish  College  of  balamanca.  He  died  Madrid, 
June  17th,  1614.  Author  of  "  A  brief  intro- 
duction to  the  true  arte  of  musicke,  wherein 
are  set  down  exact  and  easie  rules  for  such  as 
seeke  to  know  the  trueth,  with  arguments  and 
there  solutions,  for  such  as  seeke  also  to 
know  the  reason  of  the  trueth  :  with  rules  be 
means  whereby  any  by  his  own  Industrie 
may  shortly,  easily,  and  regularly  attaine  to 
fliU  such  things  as  to  the  arte  doe  belong  :  to 
which  otherwise  any  can  hardly  attaine  with- 
out tedious  difificult  practice,  by  means  of  the 
irregular  order  now  used  in  teaching  ;  lately 
set  forth  by  William  Bathe,  student  at  Oxen- 
ford."  London,  1584.  Another  edition  was 
issued  under  the  title  of  "  A  brief e  introduc- 
tion to  the  skill  of  song,  concerning  the 
practice  set  forth  by  William  Bathe,  gent." 
London   [1590]. 

Batson,  Rev.  Arthur  Wellesley,  com- 
poser. Mus.  B.,  Oxford,  1878.  Appointed 
Precentor,  St.  Anne's,  Soho,  1888,  and  con- 
ducted Lenten  performance  of  Bach's  "  St. 
John"  Passion  music  in  February  of  that  year. 
Composer  of  a  sacred  cantata,  "The  Vineyard;" 
music  to  Fletcher's  pastoral,  "The  Faithful 
shepherdess  ;"  comic  operetta,  "  The  burglar 
and  the  bishop."  Has  also  published  an- 
thems, services,  madrigals,  songs,  etc. 

Batten,  Adrian,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  in  latter  j^ortion  of  16th  century 
[1585 — 90].  He  studied  under  Holmes,  of 
Winchester  Cathedral.  Became  vicar-choral 
of  Westminster  Abbey,  1614,  and  vicar-choral 
of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1624.  Organist,  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  1624.  He  died  about  the 
middle  of  the  17th  century  [1637] . 

Works. — Anthems — Hear  my  prayer  ;  O 
praise  the  Lord;  Deliver  us,  0  Lord  (in 
Boyce's  Cathedral  music) ;  Te  Deum,  Bene- 
dictus.  Jubilate,  Kyrie,  etc.,  in  D  (Novello)  ; 
Thirty-four  anthems  (words  only — Clifford)  ; 
Twenty-four  anthems  in  Barnard's  Cathedral 
music. 

Battishill,  Jonathan,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, was  born  in  London  in  May,  1738. 
Son   of    Jonathan    Battishill,   solicitor,   and 


BAYLEY. 

Mary  Leverton,  his  wife.  He  became  a  chor- 
ister in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  under  W.  Savage, 
1748.  He  became  deputy  organist,  under 
Boyce,  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  Conductor  and 
accompanist  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre.  Mar- 
ried to  Miss  Davies  (the  original  "Madge"  in 
"Love  in  a  Village"),  1763.  Organist  of 
united  parishes  of  S.  Clement,  Eastcheap  and 
S.  Martin,  Orgar,  1764.  Organist  of  Christ 
Church,  Newgate  Street,  1767.  Resigned  post 
at  Covent  Garden.  Devoted  himself  to  teach- 
ing and  composition.  Presented  with  gold 
medal  by  the  Nobleman's  Catch-club,  1771. 
On  the  death  of  his  wife  in  1777,  he  lost  taste 
for  music  and  became  addicted  to  drink.  He 
died  at  Islington,  December  10, 1801,  and  was 
buried  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 

Works. — Almena,  an  opera  (with  M.  Arne), 
Drury  Lane,  1764 :  The  Rites  of  Hecate,  a 
musical  entertainment,  1764.  Anthems  :  Be- 
hold, how  good  and  joyful ;  Call  to  remem- 
brance :  I  will  magnify  Thee,  0  God ;  0  Lord, 
look  down  from  heaven  ;  Six  anthems  and 
ten  chants,  edited  by  Page,  1804  (with  memoir 
by  Dr.  Busby,  and  portrait) ;  Twelve  hymns, 
the  words  by  the  Rev.  Charles  Wesley  .... 
London  [1765] .  Glees :  Amidst  the  myrtles  ; 
Again  my  mournful  sighs ;  Here  rests  his  head 
[1805] ;  Kate,  of  Aberdeen ;  Come,  bind  my 
hair.  A  collection  of  songs  for  three  and  four 
voices,  London  [1783]  2  books ;  Collection  of 
catches.  Songs  :  Collection  of  favourite  songs 
sung  at  the  publick  gardens  and  theatres 
[1761] ;  At  eve  with  the  woodlark  I  rest ; 
Charms  of  Silvia;  Gay  Damon;  Kind  request; 
Shepherd  and  shepherdess;  The  Wish.  Select 
pieces  for  the  organ  or  pianoforte,  contain- 
ing an  overture  and  nine  pieces  selected  from 
original  MSS.  by  John  Page.   London  [1805] . 

Battye,  James,  composer  and  teacher, 
was  born  at  Huddersfield  in  1803,  and  died 
there  on  October  10,  1858.  He  published 
"Twelve  glees  for  four  and  five  voices,  with 
pianoforte  accompaniment."  London  [1854J; 
"  My  soul  truly  waiteth,"  Gresham  prize  an- 
them, 1845  ;  Songs,  etc. 

Baumer,  Henry,  composer  and  teacher, 
born  about  1835.  Head  master  of  Watford 
School  of  Music  ;  retired  in  1886.  He  died  at 
Watford,  Herts.  July  29,  1888.  He  composed 
the  "Triumph  of  Labour,"  a  cantata,  1875; 
Part-songs ;  and  many  single  songs ;  String 
quartet ;  Three  sketches  for  pf.,  etc. 

Baxter,  Rev.  J.  A.,  clergyman  and  musi- 
cian, published  "  Harmonia  Sacra,  a  collection 
of  introductory  sentences,  chants,  responses, 
doxologies,  with  200  psalm  and  hymn  tunes, 
arranged  for  four  voices  and  pf.  or  organ. 
Revised  by  Vincent  Novello."     London,  1840. 

Bayley,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  [1810] .  Vicar-choral  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  and  master  of  the  choristers  in 
succession  to  Hawes.    Organist  of  St.  John's, 


B6 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BAYLY. 

Horsleydown,  Southwark.  He  died  at  Lon- 
don, November  8,  1858.  He  composed  many 
songs  and  other  vocal  pieces,  and  published 
"The  Paneujjhonon :  a  selection  of  the  most 
popular  tunes,  with  chants  for  one  or  four 
voices  .  .  ."  N.D. 

Bayly,  Rev.  Anselm,  writer  and  divine, 
born  1719.  He  matriculated  at  Exeter  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  1740.  Lay-vicar  at  Westminster 
Abbey,  1741.  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal, 
1741.  Priest  do.,  1744.  B.C.L.,  1749.  D.C.L., 
Oxford,  1764.  Sub-dean  of  Chapel  Royal, 
17G4.     He  died  in  1792. 

Works. — Practical  Treatise  on  Singing  and 
Playing  with  just  expression  and  real  elegance, 
London,  1771 ;  The  Alliance  of  Musick,  Poetry, 
and  Oratory,  1789 ;  The  Sacred  Singer,  con- 
taining an  Essay  on  Grammar,  the  reqiiisites 
of  singing  cathedral  compositions,  etc.,  Lon- 
don, 1771.  Collection  of  Anthems  used  in  His 
Majesty's  Chapel  Royal,  and  most  cathedral 
churches  in  England  and  Ireland,  1769.  Ser- 
mons, etc.  , 

Bayly,  Barre  Dalton,  violinist,  born  at 
St.  Heliers,  Jersey,  1850.  Youngest  son  of 
the  late  Captain  Edgar  Bayly,  H.M.  12th 
Regiment,  and  his  wife,  daughter  of  Lord 
Charles  B.  Kerr,  second  son  of  the  fifth  Lord 
Lothian.  Pupil  of  M.  Currie  de  Hauteville 
and  Ludwig  Straus.  Some  time  violinist  at 
the  Grand  Opera  House  and  Steinway  Hall, 
New  Y'ork.  Leader  of  the  orchestra,  Exeter 
Oratorio  Society,  1870-1895  ;  principal  violin 
at  important  concerts  at  Barnstaple  (Easter 
Musical  Festivals),  and  soloist  at  concerts  in 
London,  &c.,  and  a  successful  teacher. 

Bayly,  Thomas  Haynes,  lyrical  poet  and 
composer,  born  at  Bath,  October  13,  1797  ; 
died  London,  April  22,  1839.  He  composed 
the  music  for  a  large  number  of  his  own 
ballads,  such  as  The  bower,  the  Carrier  dove. 
The  Circassian,  The  Deserter,  Fly  away  pretty 
moth,  &c.,  but  most  of  his  more  popular 
songs  were  set  by  Bishop,  Knight,  Lee,  Loder, 
and  others. 

Baynhatn,  Thomas,  published  a  "  Col- 
lection of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  single  and 
double  chants  .  .  .  ,"  London,  1860.  He 
also  composed  some  pianoforte  music. 

Beale,  Charles  James,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  1819.  He  was  organist  of 
St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden,  London,  for  several 
years.  Died  at  London,  March  19,  1882. 
Composer  of  a  "Laudate  Dominum "  and 
other  church  and  vocal  music. 

Beale,  George  Galloway,  organist,  born 
in  London,  1868.  Chorister,  Marlborough 
College  ;  pupil  of  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge  ;  Mus.  Bac, 
Durham,  1891 ;  F.R.C.O. ;  Organist  and  as- 
sistant master,  St.  John's  School,  Leather- 
head,  1887-9  ;  Organist,  St.  John's,  Padding- 
ton,  1890-3,  and  Conductor  of  the  Paddington 
Choral  and  Orchestral  Association ;  in  1894, 


BEALE. 

appointed  Organist  and  Choirmaster  of  Llan- 
daff  Cathedral. 

Beale,  John,  comj)oser  and  pianist,  was 
born  in  London,  about  1776.  Pupil  of  J.  B. 
Cramer,  and  member  of  Philharmonic  Society, 
1820.  He  was  a  professor  of  pianoforte  at  the 
R.A.M.,  and  a  teacher  in  London.  He  also 
directed  the  music  at  the  Argyle  Rooms. 
Died  after  1830. 

Works. — Lyrical  specimens  of  German  and 
French  composers,  adapted  to  English  poetry 
written  and  selected  by  L.  S.  Costello,  Lon- 
don [1822] .  Songs  :  The  kiss  dear  maid  ; 
Crusader's  return ;  Russian  maiden's  song, 
etc.  Rondo  for  pianoforte.  Op.  2 ;  Forty- 
seven  preludes  .  .  .  for  the  pianoforte  [1827] . 
Complete  Guide  to  the  art  of  playing  the 
German  flute,  London  [1820] . 

Beale,  Thomas  Willert  (Walter  May- 
nard),  born  in  Loudon,  1828,  son  of  Frederick 
Beale,  of  the  firna  of  Cramer,  Beale,  and 
Addison.  Studied  under  Edward  Roeckel, 
G.  F.  Flowers,  and  Pugni.  Was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  New  Philharmonic  Society, 
but  did  not  adopt  music  as  a  profession,  being 
called  to  the  bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn,  1863.  Be- 
sides the  works  mentioned  below,  he  contri- 
buted many  articles  to  different  magazines. 
He  died  at  Gipsy  Hill,  London,  October  3, 
1894. 

Works. — The  Enterprising  Impresario 
(Bradbury,  Evans,  &  Co.),  1867  ;  The  Light 
of  other  days  (Bentley),  1890.  Operettas  : 
An  Easter  egg ;  Matrimonial  news.  Part- 
songs  and  songs,  pianoforte  pieces,  &c. 

Beale,  Thurley,  baritone  vocalist,  born 
at  Royston,  Hertfordshire,  April  23,  1849. 
Studied  under  (Sir)  Joseph  Barnby,  and  was 
a  chorister  at  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street, 
London,  and  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  A  sin- 
ger of  repute,  he  has  been  heard  at  the  prin- 
cipal London  and  Provincial  Concerts,  the 
Hereford  Festival  of  1879,  &c. 

Beale,  William,  composer,  born  at  Lan- 
drake,  Cornwall,  January  1, 1784.  He  studied 
under  Dr.  Arnold  and  R.  Cooke,  and  was  gen- 
tleman of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1816-20.  He 
resided  in  London  as  a  teacher  of  music,  and 
held  the  appointments  of  organist  of  Wands- 
worth Parish  Church,  and  St.  John's,  Clapham 
Rise.  From  November,  1820,  to  December, 
1821,  he  was  organist  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge. In  1813,  he  gained  the  prize  cup  of 
the  Madrigal  Society  with  his  madrigal, 
"  Awake,  sweet  muse,"  and  in  1840,  a  prize 
from  the  Adelphi  Glee  Club.  He  died  in 
London,  May  3,  1854. 

Works. — Madrigals  and  Glees :  A  first 
book  of  Madrigals,  Glees,  etc.,  for  three,  four, 
and  five  voices.  Op.  6,  London,  1815 ;  Col- 
lection of  Glees  and  ]\Iadrigals,  London,  1820 ; 
Collection  of  thirteen  Glees,  edited  by  E. 
Plater    [1879]  ;   Awake,   sweet  muse   (1813), 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


37 


BEALE. 

prize  madrigal ;  Come  let  us  join  the  rounde- 
lay ;  This  pleasant  month  of  May  ;  What  ho  ! 
what  ho !  (1816) ;  etc.  Songs.  Sonata  for 
the  pianoforte,  with  an  accompaniment  for 
the  violin  [1815]  ;  Second  Sonata  for  piano- 
forte, Op.  8  [1816] . 

Beale,  William  George  Frederick, 
published  "  Congregational  Psalmody  :  a  col- 
lection of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  London 
[1852] .  He  also  wrote  songs  and  pianoforte 
music. 

Another  Beale,  Henry  Wolfgang  Ama- 
DEUS,  published  a  large  number  of  Songs  and 
Pianoforte  Pieces  between  1854  and  1878,  and 
«dited  (with  W.  T.  Wrighton)  "  Congregational 
Psalmody"  [1858]. 

Beard,  John,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
1716,  was  a  chorister  in  Chapel  Royal, 
under  Bernard  Gates.  First  appeared  at 
Covent  Garden  in  1736,  and  at  Drury  Lane 
in  1737.  Married  to  Lady  Henrietta  Herbert, 
widow  of  Lord  Edward  Herbert,  1739,  and 
afterwards  to  Miss  Rich  (daughter  of  Rich,  of 
Covent  Garden  Theatre),  1759.  He  was  one 
of  the  proprietors  of  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
1761.  Retired  from  public  life,  1768.  He 
died  at  Hampton,  Middlesex.  February  4, 
1791.     He  composed  a  few  songs. 

Beardmore,  Mrs.,  see  Parke,  Maria  H. 

Beatson,  John,  musician.  Published 
"  A  Complete  collection  of  all  the  tunes  sung 
by  the  different  congregations  in  Hull.  To 
which  is  prefixed  an  introduction  to  the  art 
of  Psalmody"  [1780]. 

Beattie,  James,  poet  and  author,  born  at 
Laurencekirk,  October  25,  1735.  Professor 
of  IMoral  Philosophy,  Marischal  College, 
Aberdeen,  1760.  He  died  at  Aberdeen,  August 
18,  1803.  Author  of  "Essays  on  poetry  and 
music  as  they  affect  the  mind,  etc.,"  London, 
1776;  second  edition,  1779.  "Letter  to  the 
Rev.  Hugh  Blair,  D.D.,  on  the  improvement 
of  psalmody  in  Scotland,"  1778 ;  another 
edition,  Edinburgh,  1829.  Poems,  Ethical 
works,  etc. 

His  eldest  son,  James  Hay  Beattie  (born 
Aberdeen,  17G8 — died  1790)  was  a  violinist, 
and  amateur  musician  of  great  promise. 

Beatty= Kingston,  W.,  see  Kingston, 
William. 

Beaty,  Richard  William,  musician, 
was  born  in  Dublin  about  1799.  He  was 
originally  a  chorister  of  Christ  Church  Cathe- 
dral, and  became  organist  and  teacher  at  the 
Molyneux  Asylum  for  Blind  Women  in  1824. 
He  was  organist  of  the  Free  Church,  Great 
Charles  Street,  from  1828  to  1877,  and  choir- 
master of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin, 
from  1830  to  1872.     He  died  at  Dublin  in  1883. 

Works. — One  hundred  and  fifty  hymns  .  . 
[1844] ,  with  Weyman  and  I.  Smith.  Sequel 
to  Melodia  Sacra.     Songs,  etc. 

Beaumont,  Alexander  S.,  composer  of 


BEAZLEY. 

the  present  day.  His  works  include  a  Suite 
for  strings  (produced,  Norwood,  1887) ;  Suite 
in  D,  strings  and  pf. ;  Lullaby,  pf.,  violin, 
viola,  and  harn^onium ;  Gondoliera  and 
Marcia  fun^bre,  for  pf.  and  string  quartet; 
pieces  for  violin  and  violoncello.  Duets  for 
pf.,  songs,  etc. 

Beaumont,  Henry,  tenor  vocalist,  native 
of  Yorkshire.  Studied  first  under  Joshua 
Marshall,  of  Huddersfield,  and  later  with 
Luigi  Caracciolo,  at  Dublin.  Made  his  debut 
at  Huddersfield,  October  22,  1881,  at  a  con- 
cert of  the  festival  in  celebration  of  the 
opening  of  the  first  Town  Hall  in  the 
borough.  He  soon  made  his  way  in  public 
estimation,  and  in  1883  was  offered  a  position 
in  the  choir  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral, 
Dublin.  Here  he  remained  about  two  years, 
singing  at  the  principal  Dublin  concerts, 
when,  in  1885,  he  joined  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera 
Company.  He  also  sang  in  Grand  Opera  in 
Drury  Lane,  and  joined  the  Burns-Crotty 
"Cinderella"  tour,  1891-2.  lias  visited 
America  three  times,  the  first  occasion  being 
in  1888,  when  he  was  with  Mr.  Ludwig's 
party.  Now  resident  in  London,  and  chiefly 
engaged  iu  concert-singing.  Married,  April 
26,  1888,  the  Dublin  soprano,  Adelaide 
Mullen   [q.v.) 

Beaumont,  John,  musician,  published 
"  The  New  Harmonic  Magazine,  or  Com- 
pendious Repository  of  Sacred  Music,  in  full 
Score,"  London,  1801. 

Beazley,  James  Charles,  pianist,  vio- 
linist and  composer,  born  in  Ryde,  I.W., 
1850.  Studied  music  privately  for  some 
years,  and  then  entered  the  R.A.M.,  where 
his  masters  were  H.  C.  Banister,  harmony  ; 
Dr.  Steggall,  counterpoint;  W.  Sterndale 
Bennett,  compocition ;  and  F.  B.  Jewson, 
pianoforte.  After  leaving  the  Academy  he 
was  appointed  music-master  at  the  King's 
School,  Sherborne,  Dorset,  but  delicate  health 
compelled  his  return  to  Ryde,  where  he  has 
since  resided  as  teacher  and  composer. 
During  the  last  few  weeks  of  Sir  Sterndale 
Bennett's  life,  Beazley  acted  as  his  private 
secretary,  the  most  cordial  relations  exist- 
ing between  them. 

Works. — Cantatas:  Drusilda  (Ryde,  1888); 
Josiah  (1891)  ;  The  Red  dwarf  ;  The  Golden 
flitch.  Services  of  song.  Part-songs,  songs, 
The  white  gondola,  etc.  Instiumental :  Sona- 
tinas in  D  minor,  F,  and  G  minor  ;  Six 
sketches  ;  Six  bagatelles  ;  Six  miniatures  ; 
Deux  pensees ;  Elegy,  and  other  pieces  for 
violin  and  pf.,  with  a  large  number  still  in 
MS. ;  Thirty-five  studies ;  Four  easy  sketches  ; 
Album  of  pieces,  and  other  compositions  for 
the  pf.  Pieces  for  flute  and  pf.  Albums  for 
American  organ  or  harmonium.  Author  of 
"  Aids  to  the  violinist :  a  short  treatise  in 
reference  to  bow-marks  "  (Cary,  London). 


88 


BEITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY 


BECHER, 

Becher,  Alfred  Julius,  composer,  of  Ger- 
man extraction,  was  born  at  Manchester  in 
1803.  Educated  at  Universities  of  Heidel- 
berg, Berlin,  etc.  Resided  at  Vienna  as  editor 
of  the  Radikale,  a  democratic  sheet,  which 
was  filled  with  seditious  articles  by  Becher. 
Shot  at  Vienna  for  sedition,  Nov.  23,  1846 

Works. — Oi^.  1,  Songs  for  solo  voice  and 
piano  ;  op.  2,  Lyrical  pieces  for  the  pf. ;  op.  8, 
Six  poems  for  voice  and  pf . ;  op.  5,  Rondo  for 
the  pf. ;  op.  6,  Six  songs  for  voice  and  pf. ;  op. 
7,  Three  sonatas  for  pf.  solo ;  op.  8,  Original 
theme  for  ]}i. ;  op.  9,  Monologue  for  pf. ;  op. 
10,  Six  songs  for  voice  and  pf. ;  op.  11,  Sonata 
for  pf. ;  op.  18,  Nine  pieces  for  pf. ;  A  Sym- 
phody ;  String  quartet,  and  various  articles  on 
music. 

Beckwith,  John  Christmas,  composer 
and  organist,  born  at  Norwich,  December  25, 
1750.  Studied  under  Dr.  Wm.  and  Philip 
Hayes,  at  St.  Magdalen  College,  Oxford.  Or- 
ganist of  St.  Peter's,  Mancroft,  Norwich, 
1794.  Organist  of  Norwich  Cathedral  in  suc- 
cession to  Thos.  Garland,  1808.  Mus.  Bac. 
and  Doc.  Oxon,  1803.  Instructed  Thomas 
Vaughan,  the  vocalist,  in  singing.  Died  at 
Norwich,  June  3,  1809. 

Works. — The  First  verse  of  every  Psalm 
of  David,  with  an  ancient  or  modern  chant  in 
score,  adapted  as  much  as  possible  to  the  sen- 
timent of  each  Psabn.  London,  1808.  Six 
Anthems  in  Score,  for  1,  2,  3,  4,  and  5  voices. 
London  [1790].  Glees:  Hark,  o'er  the  waves; 
Chimney  sweepers ;  Favourite  concerto  for  the 
organ,  harpsichord,  or  pianoforte,  op.  4  [1795] ; 
Sonata  for  the  harpsichord  or  pf.,  op.  3  ;  Six 
voluntaries  for  the  organ  or  harpsichord,  Lon- 
don, 1780;  Songs,  etc. 

Beckwith  was  an  organist  of  much  genius, 
and  was  famous  for  his  extempore  playing. 
The  name,  "Christmas,"  is  supposed  to  be  a 
nickname  given  on  account  of  his  birthday. 
His  son,  John  Charles  (born  1788,  died  Oc- 
tober 5, 1828)  was  an  organist  of  much  ability, 
and  succeeded  to  the  jjost  at  Norwich  Cathe- 
dral in  1809.  His  uncle,  John  Beckwith 
(born  1728,  died  May  14,  1800),  was  a  lay- 
clerk  in  Norwich  cathedral.  His  brother,  the 
Rev.  Edward  James  Beckwith  (died  January 
7,  1833),  was  succentor  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral, 
and  the  coniposer  af  some  chants. 

Bedford,  Arthur,  divine  and  writer,  was 
born  at  Tiddenhanr,  Gloucester,  September, 
1668.  Studied  at  Oxford.  Died  at  London, 
1745. 

Works. — The  Temple  Musick,  or  an  Essay 
concerning  the  Method  of  Singing  the  Psalms 
of  David  in  the  Temple  before  the  Babylonish 
Captivity,  wherein  the  musick  of  our  Cathe- 
drals is  vindicated  .  .  .  Bristol,  1706 ;  Essay  on 
Singing  David's  Psalms,  1708;  The  Great 
abuse  of  Musick,  containing  an  account  of  the 
use  and  design  of  Musick  among  the  Antient 


BEESLEY. 

Jews,  Greeks,  Romans,  etc.,  London,  1711 ; 
The  Excellency  of  Divine  Musick  ...  to  which 
is  added  a  specimen  of  easy  grave  tunes  instead 
of  those  which  are  used  in  our  profane  and 
wanton  ballads,  London,  1783  ;  Scripture 
Chronology  demonstrated  by  Astronomical 
Calculations,  London,  1730 ;  The  Present 
State  of  the  Republick  of  Letters,  London, 
1730  ;  Serious  Reflections  on  the  Scandalous 
Abuse  and  Effects  of  the  Stage,  Bristol,  1705. 

Bedford,  Herbert,  composer,  born  in  Lon- 
don, 1807,  Musically  educated  at  the  Guild- 
hall School  of  Music,  where  he  was  twice 
awarded  the  annual  prize  for  composition. 
First  came  prominently  into  notice  by  a  con- 
cert of  his  works  at  the  Meistersinger's  Club, 
May  30,  1892.  His  principal  compositions 
are  "  La  Belle  Dame  sans  merci  "  (Keats), 
and  "  La  Joie  fait  peur,"  for  voice  and  orch- 
estra ;  an  opera,  "  Kit  Marlowe,"  not  yet  pro- 
duced ;  an  Ave  Maria,  for  contralto  solo,  con- 
tralto chorus,  violoncello,  pf.,  harp,  and  organ; 
a  group  of  French  songs  ;  an  Album  of  Eng- 
lish songs  (including  a  setting  of  Shelley's  Ode 
to  Music),  etc.  In  1894  he  married  Miss  Liza 
Lehmann,  the  vocalist  and  composer  (q.v.) 

Bedford,  Paul  John,  comedian  and  bass 
vocalist,  born  at  Bath,  1792  ?  Sang  at  Drury 
Lane,  November  10,  1824,  in  the  first  proper 
or  complete  performance  of  Weber's  "  Der 
Freischiitz,"  taking  the  part  of  Bernhard. 
From  1833  he  sang  in  opera  at  Covent  Gar- 
den ;  and  later  in  farces  at  the  Adelphi.  He 
had  a  good,  deep  bass  voice.  He  died  in  Lon- 
don, January  11,  1871. 

Bedsmore,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Lichfield  in  1833.  Chor- 
ister, Lichfield  Cathedral,  1843 ;  articled  to 
Samuel  Spofforth,  the  Cathedral  organist ; 
and  after  the  death  of  his  teacher,  in  1864,  he 
was  appointed  his  successor.  Died  at  Lich- 
field, June  9,  1881.  Composer  of  Church 
music,  songs,  pianoforte  music,  etc. 

Beecroft,  George  Andus  Beaumont, 
amateur  composer,  was  born  in  1845.  His 
father  was  M.P.  for  Leeds.  He  was  educated 
at  Oxford,  where  he  graduated  B.A.,  in  1868, 
and  M.A.,  in  1872  ;  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1867. 
He  died  on  May  3,  1873.  He  composed  some 
vocal  music,  and  contributed  to  the  Choir 
and  other  musical  journals.  He  also  pub- 
lished a  Magnificat  and  Nunc  dimittis ;  a 
Minuet  and  Trio  for  Pianoforte  ;  Three  casts 
from  the  antique  for  Pianoforte,  etc. 

Beesley,  Mrs.,  see  Spinney,  Mattie. 

Beesley,  Michael,  published  "A  Book  of 
Psalmody,  containing  instructions  for  young 
beginners,  after  as  plain  and  familiar  a  man- 
ner as  any,  with  a  collection  of  psalm  tunes, 
anthems,  hymns,  etc.  .  .  .  engraved  by  M. 
Beesley,"  17—. 

Begg,  Rev.  James,  Scottish  divine,  born 
1809,   died  at   Edinburgh,  1883.     Author  of 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


39 


BELCHER. 

"  The  Use  of  Organs  and  other  instruments 
of  music  in  Christian  worship  indefensible," 
Glasgow,  1866.  "  Instrimiental  Music  un- 
warranted in  the  worship  of  God,"  Edinburgh, 
N.D.  His  father,  the  Rev.  James  Begg,  D.D., 
minister  of  New  Monkland,  Lanarkshire, 
wrote  a  tract  entitled  "  Treatise  on  the  use  of 
organs  and  other  instruments  of  music  in  the 
worship  of  God,"  Glasgow,  1808,  reprinted  in 
his  son's  tract  of  1866. 

Belcher,  John,  English  writer,  author  of 
"  Lectures  on  the  History  of  Ecclesiastical 
Music,"  London,  1872. 

Belcher,  William  Thomas,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  Birmingham,  March  8, 1827. 
Graduated  Mus.  B.  Oxon.,  1867 ;  Mus.  D.  1872. 
Organist  of  Great  Barr  Church,  1856,  and  sub- 
sequently of  several  churches  in  Birmingham, 
up  to  1884,  when  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  choir-master  at  Holy  Trinity,  Bordesley, 
a  position  he  still  holds.  Has  given  organ  re- 
citals in  Birmingham  and  neighbouring  towns. 
His  son,  W.  E.  Belcher,  M.A.,  is  deputy  organ- 
ist of  the  Leeds  Town  Hall,  and  teacher  of 
music  at  Headingly,  near  Leeds. 

WoBKS. — Oratorio,  The  Sea  of  Galilee 
(MS.),  Oxford,  1872;  Cantata,  The  Fates, 
Oxford,  1867  ;  Cantatas  composed  for  the 
opening  of  Adderley  and  Aston  Parks,  Bir- 
mingham ;  Cantatina,  Excelsior ;  Opera,  Es- 
telle.  Church  Music :  Anthem  for  double 
choir,  from  Psalm  122 ;  Anthems,  Hymns, 
Chants,  &c.  Glees  and  part-songs,  including  a 
Jubilee  Song — Fifty  years  glad  blessings  bring- 
ing— a  copy  of  which  was  graciously  accepted 
by  the  Queen,  1887.   Pianoforte  pieces,  etc. 

Bell,  John,  composer  and  organist,  was 
born  at  Gourock,  in  Renfrewshire.  He  studied 
music  from  an  early  age,  and  became  A. 
Mus.  T.C.L. ;  F.P.S.C. ;  and  Mus.  Doc, 
Trinity  College,  Toronto.  Has  held  the  ap- 
pointments of  organist  or  conductor  of  psalm- 
ody in  Westbourne  Free  Church  ;  Springburn 
Parish  Church  ;  Anderston  Parish  Church  ; 
and  St.  Vincent  Parish  Church,  all  in  Glas- 
gow. He  also  conducted  a  Select  Choir,  and 
acted  as  conductor  of  the  Glasgow  Temper- 
ance Choral  Society  ;  Cathcart  Musical  As- 
sociation ;  Vale  of  Leven  Choral  Society  ; 
Carluke  Choral  Society ;  and  St.  Andrew's 
Musical  Association.  For  four  or  five  years 
he  was  musical  critic  to  the  North  British 
Daily  Mail.  Composer  and  arranger  of  about 
150  anthems  and  part-songs  ;  the  145th  f'salm 
for  soli,  double  chorus,  and  orchestra  (degree 
exercise),  etc. 

Bell,  John  Montgomerie,  amateur  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Edinburgh,  May  28,  1837. 
He  is  a  writer  to  the  signet.  His  composi- 
tions include  anthems,  songs,  andhjann  tunes, 
some  of  which  have  been  published  in  various 
Scottish  Church  Hymnals. 

Bellamy    J.,    musician,     compiled     "  A 


BELLERBY. 

System  of  Divine  Musick,"   1745. 

Bellamy,  Richard,  bass  singer  and  com- 
poser, was  born  about  1743.  In  1771  he  was 
appointed  a  gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal, 
and  in  1773  he  became  a  lay-vicar  of  West- 
minster Abbey.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Cambridge,  in  1775.  He  became  a  vicar- 
choral  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  Loudon,  in 
1793,  and  succeeded  Hudson,  as  almoner  and 
master  of  the  children,  in  1793,  a  post  he 
held  till  1799.  He  died  at  London,  September 
11,  1813.  Bellamy  was  one  of  the  best  bass 
singers  of  his  day,  and  composed  a  Te  Deum; 
A  set  of  anthems,  1788  ;  Six  glees  for  three 
and  four  voices,  1789  ;  and  other  works. 

Bellamy,  Thomas  Ludford,  bass  vocahst, 
son  of  above,  was  born  at  Westminster,  Lon- 
don, in  1770.  He  was  a  chorister  in  West- 
minster Abbey  under  Cooke.  He  studied 
singing  under  Tasca,  and  appeared  as  a 
concert  vocalist  in  London  till  1794.  Stage 
manager  of  theatre  in  Dublin,  1794-97.  He 
became  part-proprietor  of  Chester,  Lichfield, 
Manchester,  and  Shrewsbury  theatres,  1800. 
Proprietor  of  Belfast,  Londonderry,  and 
Newry  theatres,  1803.  Sang  in  Covent  Gar- 
den theatre,  1807-12,  and  at  Drury  Lane 
theatre,  1812-17.  Choir-master  at  Chapel  of 
Spanish  Embassy,  London,  1819.  Bass 
Singer  at  Concert  of  Ancient  Music.  He 
died  at  London,  January  3,  1843. 

Works. —  Songs  and  part-songs.  Lyric 
poetry  of  glees,  madrigals,  catches,  rounds, 
canons,  and  duets.     London,  1840. 

William  Henry  Bellamy  (born  in  1799 — 
died  at  London,  March  3,  1880),  probably  a 
relative  of  ihe  above,  composed  A  lady's  page ; 
The  neglected  lute  ;  The  pilgrim,  and  other 
songs. 

Bellasis,  Edward,  writer,  born  January 
28,1852.  "Lancaster  Herald."  1882.  Author 
of  Cherubini  :  memorials  illustrative  of  his 
Ufe,  London,  1874.  The  Law  of  arms,  1880; 
The  Machells  of  Crackeuthorpe  .  .  Kendal, 
1886. ;  Memorials  of  ]\Ir.  Serjeant  Bellasis, 
1800-1873,  London,  1893,  etc.  Songs  :  Alone 
I  wandered  ;  Ministering  spirits ;  The  haven; 
Consolation  ;  Waiting  for  the  morning ;  The 
two  worlds  ;  Tyre  ;  Marionette  pantomime  ; 
Pf.  music,  etc. 

His  brother,  the  Rev.  Richard  Bellasis 
of  the  Oratory,  Edgbaston,  Birmingham,  is  a 
musician,  and  occasionally  conducts  concerts. 

Bellerby,  Edward  Johnson,  organist, 
pianist,  and  composer,  born  j\Iarch  28,  1858, 
at  Pickering,  Yorkshire.  Studied  under  Dr. 
E.  G.  IMonk,  of  York  Minster,  1870-80,  and 
was  assistant  organist  during  most  of  that 
time.  In  1879  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Ox- 
ford ;  and  Mus.  Doc,  1895.  He  was  organist 
to  Lord  Hotham,  1877-8;  of  Selby  Abbey 
Church,  1878-81  ;  then  appointed  to  Margate 
Parish  Church,  1881  ;  and  in  1884  to  Holy 


40 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BELVILLE. 

Trinity,  Margate,  where  he  remains  to  the 
present  time.  An  able  executant,  both  as 
pianist  and  organist  ;  he  has  appeared  at 
various  concerts,  and  his  organ  recitals  are 
very  popular.  He  has  a  considerable  reputa- 
tion as  an  extempore  player. 

Works. —  Psalm  46,  for  soli,  eight-part 
chorus,  and  orchestra ;  Communion  service 
in  P.  Anthems  :  Jesu,  my  Lord,  and  others; 
songs,  and  a  volume  of  nursery  rhymes. 
Festive  overture  (Selby  Orchestral  Society, 
1887)  ;  Symphonic  fantasia  (composed  1888, 
and  produced  by  Margate  Philharmonic 
Society,  1895),  for  orchestra  ;  organ  and  pf. 
pieces,  etc.  Author  of  a  "  Primer  on  Har- 
monising Melodies." 

Belville,  Edward  (or  Jakobowski), 
composer  of  the  present  time.  At  a  concert 
given  at  the  R.A.j\I.,  in  conjunction  with  Mr. 
Sinclair  Dunn,  he  introduced  his  comic  opera. 
The  Three  Beggars  (July  28,  1883),  which  has 
been  followed  by  many  others :  Dick  (Globe 
Theatre,  April,  17,  1884);  Ermine  (book  by 
Bellamy  and  H.  Paulton,  Grand  Theatre, 
Birmingham,  November  9, 1885) ;  The  Palace 
of  pearl  (joint  composition  with  Stanislaus, 
Empire  Theatre,  June,  1886) ;  Mynheer  Jan 
(Comedy  Theatre,  February,  1887)  ;  Paola 
(H.  Paulton) ;  La  Rosiere  (Shaftesbury, 
January,  1893) ;  A  Venetian  singer  (one  act, 
Court  Theatre,  Nov.  1893),  etc.  Six  songs 
(Sinclair  Dunn),  etc.,  etc. 

Bendall,  Wilfred  Ellington,  composer, 
born  in  London,  April  22.  1850.  Studied 
harmony  and  composition  under  Charles 
Lucas  and  E.  Silas ;  and  at  the  Conserva- 
torium,  Leipzig,  1872-4.  Resident  in  London 
as  composer  and  teacher  of  pf . 

Works. — Sacred  Cantata,  Parizadeh  (pro- 
duced by  Willing's  Choir,  St.  James's  Hall, 
April  22,  1884)  ;  Cantatas  for  female  voices : 
The  Lady  of  Shallott ;  The  Rosiere  ;  The 
Woman  of  Canaan.  Operettas  :  Lover's  knots 
(St.  George's  Hall,  1880);  Quid  pro  quo  (18S0). 
Trios,  for  female  voices.  The  fountain,  etc. 
Six  vocal  duets,  part-songs,  songs,  etc.  Six 
pieces,  violin  and  pf.  In  the  Tyrol,  three 
pieces  for  pf.     Toccata  in  E  flat,  etc. 

Bennet,  John,  composer,  who  flourished 
at  the  end  of  the  16th  and  beginning  of  the 
17th  centuries  [1570-1615] . 

Works. — Madrigalls  to  four  voyces,  newly 
published  by  John  Bennett,  his  first  works  at 
London,  1599  ;  Madrigal,  "  All  creatures  now 
are  merrily  minded,"  in  the  Triumphs  of 
Oriana,  1601 ;  Songs  in  a  collection  published 
by  Raven  scroft ;  0  God  of  Gods,  verse  an- 
them. Sacred  Harmonic  Society's  Library; 
Anthems  and  madrigals  in  IMS. 

Nothing  as  to  his  biography  appears  to 
have  been  chronicled.  His  book  of  madrigals 
was  re-published  in  1845  by  the  Musical 
Antiquarian  Society. 


BENNETT. 

Bennet,  Robert,  musician,  published 
"  The  Psalm-singer's  necessarj'  Companion, 
containing  above  sixty  choice  psalm  tunes," 
London,  1718. 

Bennet,  Saunders,  organist,  pianist,  and 
composer,  born  in  last  quarter  of  the  18th 
century.  He  was  organist  of  a  church  at 
Woodstock,  and  died  at  Woodstock,  May  25, 
1809.  He  wrote  some  vocal  music  (glees  and 
songs),  and  a  number  of  rondos,  sonatas, 
variations,  etc.,  for  the  organ  and  pf.  Also 
edited  "  Selection  of  sacred  music  for  three 
voices,  with  an  accompaniment  for  the 
organ,"  London,  1810. 

Bennett,  Alfred  William,  son  of  Thomas 
Bennett,  organist  of  Chichester  Cathedral,  was 
born  in  1805.  He  studied  under  his  father. 
Organist  of  New  College,  Oxford,  1825.  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxon.,  1825.  Killed  by  a  fall  from  a 
coach  while  on  his  waj'  to  Worcester  Fes- 
tival, September  12,  1830. 

Works. — Chiirch  Services  and  Anthems  ; 
Cathedral  Chants,  1829,  edited  with  W.  Mar- 
shall, Mus.  Bac. ;  Cathedral  Music  .  .  edited  by 
T.  and  H.  Bennett,  London  [1830^ ;  Songs ;  In- 
structions for  the  pianoforte,  with  popular 
National  Airs  arranged  as  Lessons,  London, 
!  [1825] ;  Instructions  for  the  Spanish  guitar, 
London  [1828] :  Yocahst's  Guide,  comprised 
in  a  series  of  instruction  and  solfeggi,  London 
[1830] ,  also  [1865] . 

Bennett,  Charles,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  about  1740.  He  was  organist  at 
Truro  for  40  years,  and  died  there  on  May  12, 
1804.  Composer  of  "  Twelve  songs  and  a  can- 
tata," London,  1765,  etc. 

Bennett,  Frederick  James  Went= 
worth,  flutist  and  composer,  born  at  Cadbury, 
Somerset,  1856.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  and  R.C.M., 
also  privately  under  A.  P.  Vi^-ian  and  R.  S. 
Rockstro,  L.R.A.M.,  1895.  Has  performed  in 
London  and  the  provinces ;  and  was  con- 
ductor of  the  Castle  Cary  Choral  Society, 
1883-90,  and  the  Cadbury  Musical  Society, 
1887-90.  Appointed  Professor  of  the  Flute  at 
the  Brighton  School  of  Music,  1895.  Author 
of  a  brochure  on  "  Conducting,  and  being 
Conducted "  (1889),  and  now  engaged  on  a 
work  "  On  Solo  Flute-playing."  Has  con- 
tributed articles  to  the  Musical  Times  and 
other  papers. 

Works. — Mass  in  C  minor  (1888) ;  Sacred 
Cantata,  A7ino  Domini  (1888) ;  Cantata, "  Eury- 
dice"(1884):  Operettas:  Dr. Whack'um(1880); 
King  Richard  I.  (1883) ;  King  Arthiir  (1884)  ; 
The  King's  Foresters  (1886) ;  and  The  Black 
Eagle  (1888).  S\anphonv  in  C,  orchestra 
(1885 1  ;  Rustic  Idyll,  orchestra  (1893).  Con- 
certo in  E  minor,  flute  and  orchestra  (1887) ; 
Sonata,  pf.  Many  pieces  for  pf.  and  flute. 
j  Various  part-songs,  and  nearh"  200  songs. 

Bennett,   George  John,   composer  and 
I  organist,  born  at  Andover,  Hants,  May  5, 1863. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


41 


BENNETT. 

Was  a  chorister  at  Winchester  Cathedral, 
1872-78,  and  entered  the  Royal  Academy  of 
Music  in  1879,  studjing  under  Sir  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren.  Here  he  remained  until  1884,  and  at 
the  R.A.M.  concerts  the  first  movement  of  a 
symphony,  two  overtures,  a  pianoforte  con- 
certo, and  other  works  of  his  were  pro- 
duced. From  1884  to  1887  he  was  enabled — 
through  the  instrumentality  of  the  firm  of 
Novello,  Ewer,  and  Co.,  who  were  greatly  in- 
terested in  the  talented  j'ouug  musician — to 
study  at  Berlin,  under  Friedrich  Kiel,  and  at 
Munich,  under  Rheinberger.  Returning  to 
England,  he  was  (1888)  created  a  Fellow,  and 
appointed  Professor  of  Harmony,  R.A.M. , 
having,  six  years  previously,  obtained  the  dip- 
loma, F.(R.)C.O.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Cambridge,  1888;  Mus.  Doc,  1893.  He  was 
organist  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist  from 
1890,  until  his  appointment  to  Lincoln  Cathe- 
dral in  August,  1895.  Other  offices  held  by 
him  are  Conductor,  London  Organ  School 
Orchestra  (1893),  and  Church  Orchestral 
Society   (1895). 

WoEKS. — ]\Iass,  in  B  flat  minor ;  Festival 
Te  Deum  in  D,  for  soli,  double  choir,  and  or- 
chestra, in  MS. ;  Festival  Evening  Service  in 
A,  Dedication  Festival,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral, 
1890 ;  Easter  Hymn,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  or- 
chestra, Festival  of  Sons  of  the  Clergy,  St. 
Paul's,  1895 ;  Morning,  Evening,  and  Com- 
munion Services;  Anthems,  etc.  Two  Albums 
of  Songs  (Novello) ;  Trios  for  female  voices ; 
Part-songs,  etc.  Orchestral :  Serenade,  in 
SjTuphonic  form ;  Overture,  Jugendtraiime, 
Crystal  Palace,  March,  October,  1887 ;  Over- 
ture, "Leonatus  and  Imogen,"  Philharmonic 
Society,  1895.  Trio  in  E,  pf.,  vn.,  and  'cello, 
London,  1893 ;  various  pf.  pieces,  Voluntaries 
for  organ,  etc. 

Bennett,  James,  composer  and  writer, 
born  at  Salford,  1804 ;  died  at  Brighton,  June, 
1870.  Author  of  "A  Practical  Introduction  to 
part  and  sight-singing,"  London,  1843:  "Ele- 
mentary exercises  for  the  cultivation  of  the 
voice,"  Loudon,  n.d.    Composed  songs,  etc. 

Bennett,  Joseph,  musical  critic,  librettist, 
and  journalist,  born  at  Berkeley,  Gloucester- 
shire, November  29,  1831.  In  his  youth  he 
studied  the  organ,  violin,  viola,  and  violon- 
cello ;  went  through  a  course  of  training  for 
scholastic  profession  at  the  Borough  Road 
College,  London  ;  acted  as  precentor  at  the 
historical  Weigh  House  Chapel,  and  was  some- 
time organist  of  Westminster  Chapel.  Finally, 
adopting  musical  criticism,  he  was  connected 
successively  with  the  Sunday  Times,  Daily 
Telegraph,  Pall  Mall  Gazette,  aiid  Graphic. 
For  many  years  he  contributed  to  the  Musical 
World,  also  to  the  Musical  Standard,  and 
Musical  Times,  devoting  himself  now  to  the 
last-named  and  the  Daily  Telegraph.  He  was 
editor  of  Concordia,  1875-6  ;  and  of  the  Lxite, 


BENNETT. 

1883-6.  In  1885,  he  was  engaged  as  annotator 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society's  programmes, 
and  succeeded  the  late  J.  W.  Davison  as  writer 
of  the  analytical  programmes  for  the  Saturday 
and  Monday  Popular  Concerts.  He  has  also 
done  similar  work  for  the  Leeds,  Birmingham, 
and  other  Festivals.  He  has  acted  as  adjudi- 
cator at  Eisteddfodan ;  is  a  member  of  the 
Committee  of  the  Mendelssohn  Scholarship 
Fund ;  and  President  of  the  Gloucester  Choral 
Society.  Of  his  inniunerable  contributions  to 
the  press,  the  most  important  are  a  series  of 
papers  on  the  Great  Composers  ( Musical  Times, 
1877-91);  "Elijah,"  a  comparison  of  the  origi- 
nal and  revised  scores  (connnenced  in  the  short- 
lived Concordia,  and  reprinted  and  completed 
in  the  Mtisical  Times,  October,  1882,  to  April, 
1883)  ;  and  "  From  my  study,"  Mtisical 
Times,  (1892  to  present  time).  As  a  libret- 
tist, Joseph  Bennett  has  done  much.  His 
chief  works,  adapted  or  original  are,  The 
Golden  Legend  (Sullivan) ;  The  Rose  of  Sharon, 
The  Dream  of  jubal,  the  Story  of  Sayid,  and 
Bethlehem  (Meckenzie);  Ruth,  Thorgrim,  The 
Transfiguration  (Cowen),  Jeanie  Deans  (Mac- 
Cuun),  and  books  for  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge,  C.  Lee 
Williams,  Barnett,  Mancinelli,  and  others. 
His  chief  publications  are  :  Letters  from  Bay- 
reuth  (NoveUo,  1877)  ;  The  Musical  Year 
[1883]  (Novello,  1884)  ;  Primers  of  Musical 
Biography,  five  books,  enlargements  of  some 
of  the  papers  above-named ;  and  History  of 
the  Leeds  Musical  Festivals,  1858-1889  (in 
conjunction  with  F.  R.  Spark,)  Novello,  1892. 
He  is  also  the  author  of  a  number  of  poetical 
pieces. 

Bennett,  Robert,  musician,  was  bom  at 
Bakewell,  Derbyshire,  in  January  or  Febru- 
ary, 1788.  He  became  a  chorister  in  King's 
College,  Cambridge,  and  was  articled  to  Dr. 
Clarke- Whitfield.  In  1811  he  became  or- 
ganist of  the  Parish  Church,  Sheffield.  He 
died  at  Sheffield,  November  3,  1819.  He  was 
married  to  Elizabeth  Don,  daughter  of  the 
botanist,  and  his  son  was  William  Sterndale 
Bennett,  separately  noticed.  He  composed  a 
number  of  songs  and  various  hymn  tunes. 

Bennett,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Fonthill  in  1779.  Chorister  in  Salis- 
bury Cathedral  under  Joseph  Corfe.  Organist 
of  St.  John's  Chapel,  Chichester,  and  of  Chi- 
chester Cathedral,  1803-48.  He  died  at 
Chichester,  March  21,  1848,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  son  Henry,  who  held  the 
appointment  tiU  1860. 

Works. — Introduction  to  the  Art  of  Sing- 
ing, London,  n.d.  ;  Songs  and  organ  pieces. 
Sacred  Melodies :  A  collection  of  psalms  and 
hymns,  sung  at  the  Cathedral  and  Chapel  of 
St.  John,  Chichester,  London,  1825  ;  Cathe- 
dral selections,  consisting  of  anthems,  sanctus 
connnandments,  and  chants,  London  ;  several 
editions. 


42 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BENNETT. 

Bennett,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  near  Teignmouth,  1767.  He 
studied  under  Jackson  of  Exeter,  and  J.  C. 
Bach  and  Schroeter,  London.  Organist  of 
St.  Andrew's  Church,  Plymouth.  He  died 
about  1830. 

Works. — Six  songs  and  a  glee,  London 
[1799]  ;  anthems  and  organ  music,  etc. 

Bennett,  W.  J.  E.,  compiler  of  a  "Psalter, 
containing  a  selection  of  psalm  tunes,  chants, 
services,  and  other  ecclesiastical  music  .  .  . 
arranged  for  congregational  singing  in  four 
parts,"  1843-44. 

Bennett,  William  Mineard,  composer 
and  painter,  born  at  Exeter,  in  1778,  died 
there  October  17,  1858.  He  composed  a 
niimber  of  glees  and  songs,  and  was  a  portrait 
painter. 

Bennett,  Sir  William  Sterndale,  com- 
poser and  pianist,  was  born  at  Sheffield,  April 
13,  1816.  He  studied  as  a  chorister  in  choir 
of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  under  his  grand- 
father, John  Bennett,  and  received  subsequent 
instruction  from  Charles  Lucas,  Dr.  Crotch, 
Cipriani  Potter,  and  W.  H.  Holmes.  He 
studied  at  Leipzig  Conservator! um  under  Mos- 
cheles,  at  the  expense  and  on  the  suggestion 
of  Messrs.  Broadwood  and  Sons,  during  1836- 
40.  He  appeared  in  England  as  concert-giver, 
1843-1856,  and  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  ]Music  Professorshii)  at  Edinburgh  Uni- 
versity, 1844.  He  married  Miss  Mary  Ann 
Wood,  1844.  Founded  (with  others)  the 
Bach  Society,  1849.  Conducted  the  Philhar- 
monic Society  Concerts,  1856-66.  Conducted 
the  Leeds  Musical  Festival,  1858.  Professor 
of  Music  at  Cambridge,  1856.  Mus.  Doc, 
Cambridge,  1856.  M.A.,  Cambridge,  1857. 
Principal  of  the  R.A.M.,  1866.  D.C.L.,  Ox- 
ford, 1870.  Knighted,  1871.  Presented  with 
testimonial,  1872.  He  died  at  London.  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1875. 

Works. — Op.  1,  First  Concerto  for  piano- 
forte and  orchestra,  in  D  minor,  1832 ;  Op.  2, 
Capriccio  for  pianoforte,  in  D  ;  Op.  3,  Overture 
for  full  orchestra,  Parisina,  1834-35 ;  Op.  4, 
Second  Concerto  for  pianoforte  and  orchestra, 
in  E  flat ;  Op.  8,  Sestet  for  pianoforte  and 
strings,  1844  ;  Op.  9,  Third  Concerto  for  piano- 
forte and  orchestra,  in  C  minor,  1834  ;  Op.  10, 
Three  musical  sketches  for  pianoforte  ;  Op.  11, 
Six  studies  for  the  pianoforte  ;  Op.  12,  Three 
impromptus  for  pianoforte  ;  Op.  13,  Sonata 
for  pianoforte,  1842  ;  Op.  14,  Three  romances 
for  pianoforte  ;  Op.  15,  Overture  for  full  or- 
chestra. The  Naiads,  1836  ;  Op.  16,  Fantasia 
for  pianoforte,  1842  ;  Op.  17,  Three  Diversions 
for  pianoforte  duet ;  Op.  18,  Allegro  Grazioso 
for  pianoforte ;  Op.  19,  Fourth  Concerto  for 
pianoforte  and  orchestra,  in  F  minor,  1836- 
1849  ;  Op.  20,  Overture  for  full  orchestra.  The 
Wood  Nymph,  1840 ;  Op.  22.  Caprice  in  E  for 
pianoforte  and  orchestra,  1840 ;  Op.  23,  Six 


BENSON. 

songs  for  solo  voice  with  pianoforte  accom- 
paniment ;  Op.  24,  Suite  de  Pieces,  for  piano- 
forte, 1843 ;  Op.  25,  Rondo  Piacevale  for 
pianoforte  ;  Op.  26,  Trio  for  pianoforte,  violin, 
and  'cello,  1844  ;  Op.  27,  Scherzo  for  piano- 
forte ;  Op.  28,  Rondino  for  pianoforte,  1853 ; 
Op.  29,  Two  studies  for  pianoforte  ;  Op.  30» 
Four  sacred  duets  ;  Op.  31,  Tema  e  variazione 
for  pianoforte ;  Op.  32,  Sonata  for  pianoforte 
and  'cello,  1852  ;  Op.  33,  Sixty  preludes  and 
lessons  for  pianoforte,  1853 ;  Op.  34,  Rondo 
for  pianoforte  ;  Op.  35,  Six  songs  (second  set) 
for  voice  and  pianoforte  ;  Op.  36,  Flowers  of 
the  month  ;  Op.  37,  Rondeau  a  la  Polonaise 
pour  le  pianoforte  [1858] ;  Op.  38,  Toccato  for 
pianoforte ;  Op.  39,  The  May  Queen,  a  pas- 
toral, by  H.  F.  Chorley  (cantata)  for  solo 
voices,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  Leeds  Musical 
Festival,  1858 ;  Op.  40,  Ode,  written  for  the 
opening  of  the  International  Exhibition,  1862, 
by  (Lord)  Alfred  Tennyson,  1862;  Op.  41,. 
Cambridge  Installation  Ode,  1862 ;  Op.  42, 
Fantasie-overture,  Paradise  and  the  Peri,  for 
full  orchestra,  1862  ;  Op.  43,  Symphony  for 
full  orchestra,  in  G  minor ;  op.  44,  The 
Woman  of  Samaria,  an  oratorio,  for  solo  voices, 
chorus,  and  orchestra,  Birmingham  Festival, 
1867 ;  op.  45,  Music  to  Sophocles'  Ajax ;  Op. 
46,  Pianoforte  Sonata,  The  Maid  of  Orleans. 

In  addition  to  the  above  he  wrote  overtures. 
The  ]\Ierry  Wives  of  Windsor  ;  Marie  du  Bois, 
1845  ;  A  quintet  for  pianoforte  and  wind  in- 
struments, etc.,  songs,  part-songs,  pianoforte 
music,  and  collections  of  chants,  etc.,  most  of 
which  have  been  published. 

Benson,  George,  composer  and  tenor 
singer,  was  born  in  1814.  He  was  a  gentle- 
man of  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  in  1878  he 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge.  He  died 
at  London,  August  9,  1884.  He  composed 
Glees:  If  music  be  the  food  of  love  (prize, 
1863)  ;  Orpheus  with  his  lute ;  True  love  ta 
win.  Sleep  little  baby,  sleep,  four-part  song. 
The  Wooer,  madrigal.  My  God  look  upon  me; 
I  will  arise,  anthems.     Songs,  etc. 

Benson,  John,  musician,  compiled  "Sa- 
cred Harmony,  a  collection  of  tunes  composed 
and  arranged  for  one,  two,  three  and  four 
voices."     London  [1840]. 

Benson,  John  Allanson,  composer, 
organist  and  teacher,  born  near  Ripley, 
Yorkshire,  February  8, 1848.  Connected  with 
the  family  of  the  late  Archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury. He  was  intended,  by  his  father,  for 
an  architect,  but  his  love  for  music  ultimately 
prevailed,  and  he  adopted  the  art  as  his  pro- 
fession. He  received  his  earliest  instruction 
as  a  choir  boy  after  the  removal  of  his  family 
to  Harrogate,  and  afterwards  became  con- 
ductor of  the  local  Philharmonic  Society. 
As  organist,  teacher,  lecturer,  and  composer, 
he  is  a  prominent  and  busy  figure  in  musical 
life  at  Harrogate. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


43 


BENTLEY. 

WoEKS. — Oratorio,  King  Hezekiah  (com- 
posed, 1886,  produced,  Harrogate,  1891)  ; 
bacred  cantatas,  Laudate  Dominuni ;  Christ 
at  Nain  (which  obtained  the  £50  prize  offered 
by  Curwen  and  Sons,  1895)  ;  Cantata,  Bott- 
reaux  bells  (1873) ;  Six  school  cantatas  ;  The 
crown  of  roses.  Summer  holiday,  etc.,  etc. 
Jubilee  ode,  Victoria !  Victoria!  (1887).  Ser- 
vices of  song,  anthems,  school  songs,  etc. 
In  MS.  are  two  comic  operas.  King  Cophetua 
(produced,  1881),  and  Endymion  (1883),  and 
a  dramatic  cantata,  The  water  nymph  (1885). 
Organ  music  contributed  to  the  "  Organist's 
Quarterly  Journal "  and  other  publications, 
and  hymn  tunes  in  the  "National  Tune 
Book"  (London  :  Patey  and  Willis),  etc.,  etc. 

Bentley,  John  Morgan,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Manchester,  September  3, 
1837.  Graduated  at  Cambridge,  Mus.  Bac, 
1877  ;  Mus.  Doc,  1879.  Was  organist  suc- 
cessively at  St.  Philip's,  Salford,  1855;  St. 
Stephen's,  Manchester,  1860 ;  St.  Saviour's, 
1866 ;  and  of  Bowden  Parish  Church,  and 
Cheadle  Abbey  Church.  During  that  time 
he  conducted  choral  societies  in  those  dis- 
tricts, and  at  Blackburn,  Winsford,  and 
Eccles.  In  1881  he  was  appointed  local 
examiner  for  R.A.M.,  and  in  the  same  year 
was  made  Provincial  Grand  Organist  of  East 
Lancashire. 

Works.— Oratorio,  What  is  life?  (1879); 
Dramatic  cantata,  Gethsemane  (1877) ;  Can- 
tatas, Yuletide,  and  The  Golden  butterfly — 
the  latter  for  female  voices.  Vesper  canticles ; 
Psalter  pointed,  and  Psalter  chants  (Hay- 
wood, Manchester).  Symphony  and  other 
orchestral  works  in  MS.  Horse  Sacrse,  pieces 
for  violin  and  pf.  ;  The  Two  violinists,  a 
series  of  duets  for  violins,  with  pf.  accom- 
paniment ;  Songs,  etc.,  etc. 

Benton,  Alfred,  organist  and  conductor, 
born  in  Leeds.  Began  his  musical  career  at 
the  age  of  ten  as  a  choir  boy  in  Leeds  Parish 
Church.  His  first  instructor  on  the  organ 
and  pianoforte  was  Mr.  Wm.  Dawson,  then 
deputy  organist  of  the  Parish  Church.  After- 
wards he  became  the  pupil  of  R.  S.  Burton, 
and  took  lessons  in  counterpoint  from  W.  J. 
Pritchard  (a  famous  blind  organist)  and  in 
composition  from  P.  W.  Hird.  When  four- 
teen years  old  he  obtained  the  post  of 
organist  at  All  Saints',  Leeds,  and  subse- 
quently was  appointed  to  Windermere  Parish 
Church,  Arthington ;  St.  Mark's,  Manning- 
ham  ;  St.  Martin's,  Potternewtown ;  and  final- 
ly, in  1891,  succeeding  Dr.  Creser  as  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  Leeds  Parish  Church.  Here 
he  worthily  sustains  the  high  reputation 
gained  for  the  services.  In  1889  he  was 
appointed  organist  of  the  Leeds  Festival,  a 
position  he  still  retains,  with  that  of  chorus- 
master,  since  1895.  He  has  introduced  many 
important   works   at  the   Advent    and   Lent 


BERRY. 

services,  including  the  Requiem  by  Brahms, 
Spohr's  Last  Judgment,  and  Bach's  Matthew 
Passion.  For  years  past  he  has  been  noted 
as  a  skilful  conductor,  societies  in  Barnsley, 
Morley,  Bramley,  and  other  places  being 
under  his  direction.  A  permanent  orchestra 
was  formed  in  Leeds,  in  1895,  and  a  choral 
union  also,  the  conductorship  of  both  being 
entrusted  to  Mr.  Benton,  who  now  occupies 
a  most  responsible  and  honoured  position  in 
Leeds.  He  has  also  a  high  reputation  as  a 
teacher  of  singing,  many  of  his  pupils  now 
holding  appointments  in  English  cathedrals. 

Berger,  Francesco,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  June  10,  1834,  in  London,  where 
his  father,  an  Austrian,  had  settled  as  a 
merchant.  Studied  in  Italy  under  Luigi 
Ricci  and  Carl  Lickl,  and  at  Leipzig  under 
Hauptmann  and  others.  Settled  in  London, 
1855.  Appeared  at  concerts  in  London  and 
the  provinces  as  solo  pianist.  In  1868  estab- 
lished the  "  Apres-midi  Instrumentales." 
Was  appointed  a  professor  of  pf.  at  the 
R.A.M.  in  1885,  and  became  hon.  sec.  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society  in  1887.  In  1864 
he  married  Miss  Lascelles,  contralto  vocalist. 
His  works  include  a  mass  and  an  opera ;  the 
music  to  The  Frozen  deep  (Wilkie  Collins, 
1857)  ;  a  Suite  in  G,  and  other  pieces  for  pf. 
Cavatiua  for  violoncello  and  pf .  Part-songs : 
Poor  and  rich  (Leslie's  Choir,  1884),  and 
others.  Songs :  Amor  timido ;  Fair,  but 
fleeting;  Only  thyself,  etc.,  etc.  Author  of 
"  First  steps  at  the  pianoforte  "  (Novello). 

Berry,  Sarah,  contralto  vocalist,  born  at 
Bamford,  near  Manchester,  where,  from  her 
eighth  to  her  seventeenth  year,  she  was  a 
weaver  in  a  mill.  She  gained  the  Courtney 
Scholarship,  R.C.M. ,  and  pursued  her  studies 
under  the  late  ]\Iadame  Goldschmidt,  having 
lessons  also  in  declamation  from  ]\Irs.  Ken- 
dal. She  made  her  debut  in  Manchester, 
January  7,  1888,  at  a  concert  of  M.  De  Jong, 
and  at  once  achieved  success.  In  October  of 
the  same  year,  she  sung  in  "Elijah"  at 
Huddersfield,  and  in  that  oratorio  at  the 
Albert  Hall  (Royal  Choral  Society),  January 
22,  1890.  She  has  also  appeared  at  concerts 
in  Birmingham  and  other  places ;  and  at  the 
Leeds  Festival  of  1895,  created  a  highly 
favourable  impression.  She  sang  at  the  Nor- 
wich Festival  of  1896,  and  is  gaining  a  good 
position  among  the  singers  of  the  day. 

Berry,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Shepley,  York,  June  21,  1850.  He 
settled  in  Glasgow  about  1873,  and  has  been 
a  teacher  and  organist  there  ever  since. 
Among  his  appointments  may  be  named  the 
organistship  of  Trinity  Congregational  Church 
and  Bellhaven  Church,  Glasgow.  He  has 
also  given  organ  recitals  in  Glasgow  and  in 
various  parts  of  Scotland.  Composer  of 
various  works  preserved  in   manuscript. 


44 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BERTINI. 

Bertini,  Henri  Jerome,  composer  and 
pianist  of  French  parentage,  born  at  London, 
October  28,  1798.  Studied  under  his  father, 
etc.  He  travelled  through  Germany  and  Hol- 
land, and  in  England  and  Scotland.  Resided 
in  Paris  as  teacher  and  concert-giver  from 
1821.  He  died  at  Mevlan,  near  Grenoble, 
October  1,  1876. 

Works. — Studies  for  the  pf.,  op.  29,  32,  66, 
86,  94,  100.  13.S,  134,  134a,  137,  142,  147,  166, 
175,  176,  177,  178,  180;  Trios  for  pf.,  violin, 
and  'cello  ;  Sextets  for  pf.,  2  violins,  viola, 
'ceUo,  and  bass,  op.  79,  85,  90,  114 ;  Sonatas 
for  pf.  and  violin,  op.  152,  153,  156, ;  Nonetto 
for  pf.  with  wind  instruments. 

Bervon,  Inglis,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  Birmingham,  1837.  Principal  bass  at 
St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street,  London,  1861 ; 
organist  of  the  Parish  Church,  Aberystwith, 
1866  ;  thence  to  Welshpool,  and  to  St.  Marv's 
Stafford,  which  last  he  held  tiU  about  1880. 
Editor  of  a  "  Collection  of  201  Chants  for 
Psalms  and  Canticles,"  and  composer  of  organ 
pieces  (published  in  the  Organists'  Quarterly 
Journal),  songs,  etc.  He  died  at  Shelton, 
near  Hanley,  Staffs.,  December  18,  1891. 

Best,  William  Thomas,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Carlisle,  August  13,  1826. 
Took  lessons  from  Young,  the  cathedral  organ- 
ist, but  being  intended  for  the  profession  of  a 
civil  engineer,  he  only  took  up  the  study  of 
music  seriously  when  in  Liverpool,  1840,  he 
decided  to  change  his  vocation.  His  first  ap- 
pointment was  that  of  organist  at  Pembroke 
Chapel,  Liverpool,  1840 ;  then,  in  1847,  to  the 
Church  for  the  Blind ;  and  in  1848,  organist  to 
the  Liverpool  Philharmonic  Society.  In  1852 
he  was  in  London,  giving  recitals  on  various 
organs,  playing  at  the  Crystal  Palace  (Hyde 
Park),  April  10.  He  held  the  office  of  organist 
at  Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel,  and  in  October,  1853, 
was  appointed  organist  and  professor  of  the 
organ  at  the  Royal  Panopticon.  About  the 
beginning  of  1855  he  was  appointed  to  St. 
Martin-in-the-Fields,  and  in  August  of  that 
year  he  was  elected  organist  of  St.  George's 
Hall,  Liverpool.  He  conducted  a  grand  con- 
cert, October  10,  on  the  occasion  of  the  visit 
of  the  Duke  of  Cambridge,  when  the  organ 
was  opened,  and  gave  his  first  popular  recital, 
October  20.  For  many  years  he  officiated  as 
organist  at  churches  in  Birkenhead  and  Liver- 
pool, and  in  1871  was  organist  at  the  Royal 
Albert  Hall  at  Kensington.  Throughout  the 
United  Kingdom  he  was  recognised  as  the 
finest  organist  of  his  time,  and  his  recitals 
were  of  the  most  important  service  to  the  art 
of  organ-playing.  His  influence  in  promoting 
uniformity  in  organ  construction  has  been 
great.  He  has  given  recitals  in  Paris  and 
Rome,  and  in  1890  (August  9)  opened  the  vast 
organ  in  the  Town  Hall,  Sydney,  N.S.W.  In 
February,  1894,  ill  health  caused  him  to  re- 


BETJEMANN. 

sign  his  appointment  at  St.  George's  Hall, 
and  the  famous  organist,  after  fifty  odd  years 
of  artistic  activity,  retired  into  private  life. 
A  commemorative  bust  was  unveiled  in  the 
Hall,  October  20,  1896.  As  a  composer,  he 
was  known  from  1845,  when  his  Fantasia  in 
two  movements  was  published :  he  is  also  a 
fine  pianist,  and  some  compositions  for  the 
pianoforte  were  issued  in  1852.  In  1880  he 
received  a  Ci\al  List  pension  of  £100  per 
annum.     He  is  an  Hon.  R.A.M. 

Works. — Two  overtures  and  a  march,  or- 
chestra ;  Morning  and  Evening  Service  in  F, 
op.  40.  composed  for  Leeds  Parish  Church  ; 
Services,  Kyries,  etc. ;  Behold,  I  bring  you 
glad  tidings  ;  Praise  the  Lord,  and  other  an- 
thems and  hymns  ;  Eighty  chorals,  selected 
and  newly  harmonized  for  four  voices  and  or- 
gan, Novello,  1852.  Glee,  five  voices.  What 
mournful  thoughts.  Tarantella,  Allegretto 
pastorale,  Notturno,  op.  27,  marches,  and 
other  pieces  for  pf .  Organ  works.  The  modem 
school  for  the  organ  (1853?) ;  The  art  of  organ 
playing,  parts  I.  and  II.  (1870) ;  Thirty  pro- 
gressive studies;  Collection  of  pieces,  expressly 
composed  for  church  use,  six  books  ;  Six  con- 
cert pieces  ;  Three  preludes  and  fugues  ;  Sona- 
tas in  G  and  D  minor ;  Fantasias,  etc.  Ar- 
rangements from  the  scores  of  the  Great 
ISIasters,  five  volumes ;  Mozart's  overture, 
"  Die  Zauberflote  "  (1846) ;  Editor  of  "Cecilia," 
a  collection  of  organ  pieces  in  diver.se  styles 
(containing  important  compositions  of  his 
own,  festival  overture  in  B  flat,  etc.,  56  books 
published,  still  in  progress) ;  Organ  music  by 
Italian  composers;  Handel's  organ  concertos; 
Handel  album ;  and  a  bicentenary  edition  of 
the  organ  works  of  J.  S.  Bach,  commenced 
in  1885. 

Bestwick,  Lavinia,  see  Fextox  Lavixia. 
Betjemann,  Gilbert  Henry,  violinist 
and  conductor,  hern  in  London.  Pupil  of  C. 
W.  Doyle.  In  1858  was  engaged  by  Costa  as 
a  second  violin  at  the  Royal  Italian  Opera,  and 
later  played  in  the  orchestra  of  the  P^-ue  and 
Harrison  Company.  For  some  years  connected 
with  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company  as  violin- 
ist, conductor,  and  director  of  the  mise-en- 
scene.  Conducted  performances  of  Royal 
English  Opera  Company  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre,  January,  1884,  and  Italian  Opera  at 
Her  Majesty's  Theatre  in  November.  Gave 
Chamber  Concerts  at  Highgate,  1884-5 ;  suc- 
ceeded Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge  as  Conductor  of  the 
Highbury  Philharmonic  Society  in  1886 ;  and 
about  two  years  later  was  chosen  as  director 
of  the  operatic  class  at  the  R.A.M.  In  1893 
he  was  joint  conductor  and  principal  vioUn 
at  the  Promenade  Concerts,  Covent  Garden ; 
in  1895  he  succeeded  the  late  J.  T.  Carrodus 
as  principal  first  violin  at  Covent  Garden 
Opera  ;  and  in  1896  accepted  conductorship  of 
the  Oxford  Orchestral  Society.    Hon.  R.A.M. ; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


45 


BETTS. 

Associate  of  the  Philharmonic  Society,  and 
musician  in  ordinary  to  Her  Majesty.  His 
son,  Gilbert  Richard,  A.R.A.M.,  born  in 
London,  1864,  was  a  violinist  and  composer, 
and  member  of  the  Royal  Italian  Opera  orch- 
estra. His  "  Song  of  the  Western  Men,"  for 
chorus  and  orchestra,  was  produced  by  the 
Highbury  Philharmonic,  March,  1890.  He 
has  also  written  some  songs  and  pieces  for 
violin.  He  was  killed  while  descending  the 
Wetterhom,  September  9,  1896,  by  falling 
through  a  snow  bridge. 

Betts,  Arthur,  violinist  and  composer, 
a  native  of  Lincolnshire,  born  1774  ?  Studied 
under  Hindmarsh,  Viotti,  Dussek,  and  Stei- 
belt.  Was  for  49  years  a  member  of  the 
Royal  Society  of  Musicians,  and  celebrated  as 
a  violin  connoisseur.  Died  in  London,  Sep- 
tember, 1847,  aged  73.  His  daughter  was  a 
popular  vocalist.  Composed  sonatas,  duets 
for  violin  and  'cello,  arrangements,  etc. 

Betts,  Edward,  musician  and  writer  of 
18th  century.  He  compiled  "  An  introduc- 
tion to  the  Skill  of  Musick,  anthems,  hj-mns, 
and  psalm  tmies,  in  several  parts,"  London, 
1724. 

Beugo,  John,  musician  and  engraver, 
born  in  1759 ;  died  at  Edinburgh  in  1841. 
He  was  a  friend  of  Burns,  the  poet,  whose 
portrait  he  engraved  in  1787,  partly  from 
special  sittings.  He  was  an  engraver  of  por- 
traits and  similar  works  in  Edinburgh,  and 
an  amateur  musician.  Among  other  works 
he  issued  "  The  New  Caliope,  being  a  selection 
cf  British  and  occasionally  foreign  melodies, 
newly  arranged  for  the  pianoforte,  and  en- 
graved on  copper,  by  John  Beugo."  Edin- 
burgh, 1823-25,  published  in  quarterly  parts. 

Bevan,  Frederick  Charles,  bass  vocalist 
and  composer,  born  in  Loudon,  July  3,  1856. 
Began  his  career  as  a  chorister  at  All  Saints', 
Margaret  Street,  London,  and  having  a  fine 
voice  was,  at  the  age  of  eleven,  chosen  as 
solo  boy  of  the  choir.  Studied  the  organ 
under  C.  E.  Willing,  and  W.  S.  Hoyte,  and 
held,  for  a  time,  appointments  at  St.  Martin's, 
Haverstock  Hill,  and  St.  Margaret  Pattens. 
Sang  in  the  Henry  Leslie  and  Joseph  Barnby 
choirs,  and,  after  studying  with  Schira,  H. 
Deacon,  and  P.  Walker,  obtained  the  post  of 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  Whitehall, 
1877,  and  succeeded  the  late  William  Winn 
at  the  Chapel  Royal  St.  James's  Palace,  1888. 
Now  widely  known  as  a  concert-singer,  and  the 
composer  of  a  number  of  songs — The  silver  path , 
The  sailor's  sweetheart.  The  flight  of  ages.  The 
dream  of  my  heart.  The  mighty  river.  Watch- 
ing and  waiting.  My  angel,  The  everlasting  day, 
and  others  extensively  popular. 

Bevin,  Elway,  Welsh  composer  and  or- 
ganist, was  born  about  the  middle  of  the  16th 
century  [1560-70].  He  studied  under  Tallis, 
and  was  organist  of  Bristol  Cathedral  in  1589. 


BIGGS. 

Gentleman  Extraordinary  of  the  Chapel  Royal 
1605.  Lost  both  places  on  its  being  discovered 
that  he  was  a  Roman  Catholic,  1637.  He 
died  about  1640. 

Works. — A  Briefe  and  Short  Introduction 
to  the  Art  of  Musicke,  to  teach  how  to  make 
Discant  of  all  Proportions  that  are  in  use: 
very  necessary  for  all  such  as  are  desirous  to 
attaine  to  knowledge  in  the  Art ;  and  may, 
by  Practice,  if  they  can  sing,  soon  be  able  to 
compose  three,  four,  and  five  parts  ;  and  also 
to  compose  all  sorts  of  Canons  that  are  usuall, 
by  these  directions,  of  two  or  three  parts  in 
one,  upon  a  Plain  Song,  1631.  A  Short  Ser- 
vice in  D  minor,  and  Praise  the  Lord,  anthem, 
in  Barnard's  Collection.  Other  anthems  exist 
in  manuscript.  Bevin  is  usually  credited 
with  having  been  the  first  in  England  to 
systematise  the  rules  for  the  composition  of 
canons. 

Bexfield,  William  Richard,  composer 
and  organist,  was  born  at  Norwich,  April  27, 
1824.  He  studied  under  Dr.  Zachariah  Buck. 
Organist  of  Boston  Church,  Lincoln,  1845. 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1846.  Unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  the  Music  Professorship  of  Oxford 
University.  Organist  of  St.  Helen's  Church, 
Bishopsgate  Street,  London,  1848.  Mus.  Doc, 
Cantab.,  1849.  He  died  at  London,  October 
29,  1853. 

Works. — Israel  Restored,  oratorio,  pro- 
duced, Norwich,  October  16, 1851 ;  and  at  the 
Norwich  Festival,  September  22, 1852  ;  repro- 
duced. Royal  Albert  Hall,  London,  April  15, 
1880.  Church  Anthems,  in  score,  with  por- 
trait, London,  [1849].  A  set  of  concert  fu- 
gues for  the  organ,  London,  [1845-1846.] 
Musica  di  camera  [1848] .  Eight  Chorales 
for  voices  and  organ  [1845-1847  ?].  Six  songs 
[1847 j,  part-songs,  etc. 

Bickham,  George,  engraver  and  penman, 
flourished  in  the  first  part  of  the  18th  century. 
He  engraved  "  The  Musical  Entertainer," 
London,  2  vols.  [c.  1737],  a  collection  of  songs 
of  some  value.     He  died  in  1769. 

Bicknell,  John  Laurence,  writer  and 
barrister- at-law,  was  born  in  1740,  and  died 
March  27,  1787.  He  wrote  a  poem  called 
"  The  dying  negro,"  and  is  the  reputed  author 
of  "  Musical  travels  through  England,  by 
Joel  Collier,  Licentiate  in  Music."  London, 
1774  (various  editions).  In  1818  appeared 
"  Redivivus,  an  entirely  new  edition  of  that 
celebrated  author's  Musical  Travels."  The 
work  is  a  satire  on  Burney,  and  is  an  amusing 
production  now  getting  very  scarce.  It  has 
also  been  ascribed  to  Peter  Beckford,  a  writer 
on  musical  and  other  subjects. 

Biggs,  Edward  Smith,  glee  composer 
and  pianist,  was  born  during  the  latter  half  of 
the  18th  century,  and  died  about  1820.  He 
was  a  teacher  of  music  in  London. 

Works. — Six  duets  and  three  trios,  London, 


46 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BIGGS. 

1800;  Six  Sicilian  airs  for  one  voice,  London, 
1806 ;  Six  Welsh  airs  adapted  to  English 
words,  and  harmonized  for  two,  three  and  four 
voices,  London,  two  sets  ;  Four  sets  of  twelve 
Venetian  airs  for  one  voice,  London,  1800 ; 
Six  songs,  written  by  Mrs.  Opie,  London,  1800. 
Glees  :  Ah  !  me,  with  that  false  one  ;  A  poor 
soul  sat  sighing ;  Bring  the  song  ;  Hark ! 
what  sound  ;  Here  beneath  this  willow 
sleepeth ;  Here's  lawn  as  white  as  driven 
snow ;  In  my  cot,  tho'  small's  my  store ; 
Lost  is  my  quiet  for  ever  ;  Now  ev'nirig's 
come  ;  0 !  synge  unto  mie  Roundelaie ; 
Under  the  greenwood  tree  ;  Where  feeds  your 
.  flock  ;  Will  you  buy  any  tape  ?  Songs  :  The 
suicide  ;  Come,  mj'  lads,  time  posts  away  ; 
Fox  and  the  crow ;  Barbara  Allan  ;  Where 
are  you  going  my  pretty  maid?  Duets. 
Pianoforte  :  Twenty-eight  Waltzes  ;  Rondos 
and  marches. 

Biggs,  Rev.  L.  C,  author  of  "  English 
Hymnology "  (a  series  of  articles  reprinted 
from  the  "  Monthly  Packet.") 

Biggs,  Walter  Lyie,  organist,  composer, 
and  conductor,  born  at  Notting  Hill,  London, 
September  16, 1857.  Received  his  first  musi- 
cal instruction  from  his  mother's  uncle,  the 
Rev.  S.  Lillycrop  {q.v.),  afterwards  studied 
organ  and  harmony  under  G.  F.  Geaussent. 
Was  organist  of  All  Saints',  Child's  Hill, 
Kilburn,  1877-81,  and  in  1882,  elected,  after 
competition,  to  St.  Peter  le  Bailey,  Oxford, 
since  when  he  has  founded  a  musical  society, 
given  oratorio  services  in  the  Church,  and 
concerts  in  the  Old  Town  Hall.  He  con- 
ducted the  Holy  Trinity  Musical  Society, 
1887-8  ;  and  in  1895  founded  ihe  East  Oxford 
Musical  Society.  He  has  also  given  organ 
recitals  in  Wadham,  Worcester,  and  Trinity 
College  Chapels. 

Works. — Sacred  cantata,  Elihu,  Op.  3 
{produced,  Wadham  College  Chapel,  July, 
1891)  ;  Psalms  147-8-9  and  150,  Op.  5,  6,  7,  8, 
for  soli,  chorus  and  orchestra;  Epithalamium 
(Spenser),  Op.  4,  for  soprano  and  baritone 
soli,  men's  chorus,  and  small  orchestra  ; 
Church  compositions.  Op.  2.  Fairy  opera, 
Marie  (libretto  by  Mrs.  Linsley,  produced, 
Oxford  Institute,  February,  1896) ;  Set  of 
four  songs.  Op.  9 ;  Short  organ  pieces,  Op.  1. 
Of  these  only  the  Cantata  and  Church  com- 
positions are  yet  published. 

Bilby,  Thomas,  musician,  was  born  at 
Southampton,  April  18,  1794.  He  served  for 
some  time  in  the  army,  but  subsequently 
entered  the  teaching  profession.  For  twenty- 
eight  years  he  was  parish  clerk  of  St.  IMary's, 
Islington.  He  died  at  Islington,  London, 
September  24,  1872.  He  is  only  known  as 
the  composer  of  the  hymn-tune  called  "  Joy- 
ful," which  is  usually  sung  to  his  own  words 
"  Here  we  suffer  grief  and  pain." 

Biilington,  Elizabeth,  bom  Weichsel, 


BILTON. 

soprano  vocalist,  born  in  Soho,  London,  about 
1768.  She  studied  under  her  father,  who  was 
a  German,  and  Schroeter,  from  an  early  age. 
In  1782  she  sang  at  Oxford,  and  in  October, 
1788  she  was  married  to  James  Biilington,  a 
double-bass  player  of  Drury  Lane  Theatre. 
She  appeared  on  the  stage  at  Dublin  in  1783, 
and  sang  in  different  parts  of  Ireland  till  1786. 
She  sang  in  "Love  in  a  Village"  at  London, 
February  13,  1786.  Afterwards,  she  went  to 
Paris,  but  in  1787  she  returned  to  London. 
Owing,  in  part,  to  anonjTnous  attacks  on  her 
character,  she  went  to  Italy  \vith  her  husband 
in  1794,  and  appeared  in  various  cities  with 
much  success,  In  1799  she  married  a  French- 
man named  Felissent  (Biilington  ha\'ing  died 
in  1794),  but  left  him,  owing  to  his  ill-treat- 
ment, and  returned  to  London  in  1801,  when 
she  appeared  at  Covent  Garden,  King's  Thea- 
tre, etc.  In  1811  she  retired,  and  in  1817  she 
was  reconciled  to  her  husband.  She  died  at 
St.  Artein,  August  25,  1818.  Full  details  of  her 
career  will  be  found  in  Hogarth's  "  Memoirs 
of  the  Musical  Drama,"  and  in  "  Memoirs  of 
Mrs.  Biilington  from  her  birth  ;  containing  a 
a  variety  of  matter,  ludicrous,  theatrical, 
musical,  and  with  copies  of  several  oi-iginal 
letters  written  by  Mrs.  Biilington  to  her 
mother,"  London,  1792.  A  suppressed  book, 
to  which  she  replied  in  "  An  Answer  to  the 
Memoirs  of  Mrs.  Biilington,"  1792. 

Biilington,  Thomas,  pianist,  harpist, 
and  composer,  was  born  at  Exeter  in  1754. 
He  lived  in  London  as  a  teacher  of  the  piano 
and  harp,  but  died  at  Tunis  in  1832. 

Works. — Music  to  Gray's  Elegies,  Op.  8  t 
Pope's  Eloisa  to  Abelard ;  Prior's  Garland ; 
Petrarch's  Laura;  The  Children  in  the  Wood, 
Morton ;  Four  sets  of  twelve  canzonets  for 
two  voices,  London,  1784-90;  Six  songs  for 
voice  and  pianoforte ;  Shenstone's  Pastorals, 
consisting  of  24  ballads;  Music  to  Young's 
Night  Thoughts,  1790 ;  Music  to  Pope's  Elegy 
to  the  Memory  of  an  unfortunate  Lady ; 
Numerous  glees ;  Songs ;  Scotch  airs,  etc., 
harmonized,  London  [1785]  ;  Six  sonatas  for 
harpsichord  or  pianoforte.  Op.  5 ;  Three  trios 
for  a  violin,  tenor,  and  'ceUo,  Op.  7  [1780] . 

Bilton,  J.  Manuel,  bandmaster  and 
composer,  born  at  PIjTnouth,  October  8,  1862, 
son  of  a  master-at-arms  in  the  Royal  Na\7. 
Educated  at  the  Royal  Naval  School,  Green- 
wich, and  joining  the  school  band,  his  playing 
the  baritone  at  a  concert  of  the  band  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  1875,  attracted  the  attention 
of  J.  Lawson,  bandmaster  of  the  Royal  Ar- 
tilleiy  Brass  Band,  who  took  him  into  that 
band.  He  met  with  a  friend  in  Colonel  Hime, 
who  helped  him  in  everj'  way.  In  1886  he 
was  appointed  Trumpet-Major  of  a  Brigade  of 
Artillery  at  Limerick,  and  studied  under 
Stanislaus  Elliott,  and  in  1887  entered  Kneller 
Hall.     After  the  death  of  Charles  Cousins 


BEITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


47 


BINFIELD. 

{May  1890)  Bilton  was  made  Director  pro  tern, 
an  office  which  he  j&lled  until  his  appointment 
as  Bandmaster  of  the  17th  Lancers,  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1891.  He  began  composition  very  early, 
and  his  first  attempt  was  a  Grand  Overture. 
This,  rewritten  and  corrected,  was  performed 
at  Woolwich,  in  1878.  At  the  Military  Ex- 
hibition of  1890,  he  was  awarded  prizes  for  a 
Morning  Service,  Concert  Overture,  and  a 
work  for  brass,  military,  and  string  band, 
singly  and  collectively.  He  has  also  written 
a  Wind  Quintet,  Cantata,  "  The  Wreck  of  the 
Hesperus,"  a  Sjnuphony,  and  Overtures. 

Binfield,  a  musical  family  of  importance, 
for  many  years  prominent  in  the  town  of 
Beading,  Berks,  where  the  first  of  the  name, 
Richard  Binfield,  established  a  music  busi- 
ness in  1799.  He  was  organist  of  St  Laurence 
Church  from  1804  to  the  time  of  his  death, 
1839.  The  Berkshire  Musical  Festival,  dating 
back  at  least  to  1786,  was  for  many  years 
under  his  direction,  and  he  conducted  a 
performance  of  the  "  Messiah "  so  late  as 
September  28,  1839,  when  Balfe  sang  some  of 
the  bass  sok)s.  He  edited  and  compiled  the 
Reading  Psalmody,  and  Reading  Choral  Ser- 
vice, works  much  in  use  in  the  neighbourhood 
for  a  long  time.  His  son,  John  Bilson  Bin- 
field,  born  at  Reading,  1805,  was  an  organist, 
and  appears  to  have  continued  the  Triennial 
Festivals,  as  they  were  given  up  to  the  year 
1846.  .He  was  the  first  to  set  Dean  Milman's 
"  Martyr  of  Antioch  "  to  music  (Milman  being 
vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  Reading,  1818-35).  He 
died  at  Reading,  June  8,  1875.  Another  son, 
Thomas  Binfield,  settled  in  London,  where 
he  was  engaged  as  a  violoncellist.  He  was 
also  a  good  violinist  and  pianist.  IMember  of 
the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians.  Died,  Lon- 
don, December  23,  1840. — R.  L.  Binfield,  a 
third  son,  was  in  the  business  at  Reading, 
and  conducted  Choral  Concerts,  but  no  par- 
ticulars can  be  gleaned  concerning  him. — 
Hannah  Rampton  Binfield,  born  at  Read- 
ing, 1810,  sister  of  those  preceding,  was  in 
her  turn  proprietor  of  the  business.  She  was 
an  excellent  pianist  and  harpist,  and  con- 
tributed many  hymn  tunes  and  chants  to  the 
collections  edited  by  her  father,  whom  she 
succeeded  as  organist  of  St.  Laurence,  a  post 
she  held  for  forty -five  years.  Her  annual 
concerts  were  the  chief  events  of  the  Reading 
musical  season,  and  she  played,  at  the  Fes- 
tival of  1839,  a  concerto  upon  the  organ. 
Her  death  took  place  at  Reading,  May  2, 1887. 
Fanny  Jane  daughter  of  John  Bilson  Binfield, 
was  a  pianist  and  concert-giver,  and  an  artist 
of  repute.  She  died  at  Reading,  September 
3,  1881.  Of  other  members  of  the  family 
little  can  be  ascertained,  but  Louisa  Bin- 
field,  as  a  performer  on  the  concertina,  was 
often  heard  at  Reading  and  elsewhere  from 
thirty  to  forty  years  ago.     Another,  Louisa 


BIRCH. 

Binfield,  third  daughter  of  Richard,  died  at 
Reading,  November  26,  1856. 

Bingley,  Rev.WiIIiam,writer  and  clergy- 
man, was  born  at  Doncaster  in  1774.  He 
studied  at  Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  M.  A. 
He  died  at  London,  March  11,  1828.  Author 
of  "  Musical  Biography,  or  Memoirs  of  the 
lives  and  writings  of  the  most  eminent  musi- 
cal composers  and  writers  who  have  flourished 
in  the  different  countries  of  Europe  during  the 
last  three  centuries,"  London,  1814,  2  vols.; 
2nd  edition,  London,  1834,  2  vols.  Animal 
Biography,  1802,  3  vols.,  etc.  He  also  added 
"  Sixty  of  the  most  admired  Welsh  airs,  col- 
lected by  W.  Bingley,  the  basses  and  varia- 
tions arranged  for  the  pf.  by  W.  Russell, 
jun.,"  London,  1810. 

Binney,  Thomas,  clergyman  and  author, 
published  "  The  Service  of  Song  in  the  House 
of  the  Lord,"  London,  1849.  He  edited  Baird's 
Liturgies,  and  wrote  numerous  other  works. 

Birch,  Charlotte  Ann,  soprano  vocalist, 
was  born  at  London  in  1815 ;  and  died  there 
in  1857.  She  sang  chiefly  at  London  and  pro- 
vincial concerts. 

Birch,  Edward,  clergyman,  author  of  "A 
Tract  on  Responding,  with  a  postscript  on 
Singing,"  Manchester,  1862. 

Birch, Edward  Henry,  organist.  Received 
his  training  in  music  at  the  Cathedrals  of  Glou- 
cester and  Winchester.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1875.  Has  held  organ  appointments 
successively  at  St.  Saviour's,  Eastbourne 
(1872) ;  St.  Gabriel's,  Warwick  Square,  London 
(1873) ;  All  Saints',  Kensington  Park  (1874) ; 
St.  James's,  Notting  Hill  (1886) ;  Choirmaster, 
St.  Columbas',  Notting  Hill.  His  composi- 
tions include  a  cantata,  "  Vortigern  and  Row- 
ena"  (produced  Ladbroke  Hall,  Notting  Hill, 
April  12, 1891),  an  Evening  service,  and  other 
church  mnsic,  organ  pieces,  etc. 

Birch,  James  Albert,  alto  vocalist,  born 
at  Sheffield,  1839.  Sang  in  church  choirs  in 
Sheffield,  and  subsequently  was  in  the  choir 
of  Canterbury  Cathedral  (1873-6)  ;  then  at 
Westminster  Abbey ;  and  finally  at  the  Chapel 
Royal,  St.  James's,  a  post  he  retire!  from  in 
1892,  owing  to  ill  health.  Lecturer  on  vocal 
music  at  the  Church  Missionary  College ; 
founder  and  conductor  of  the  Temperance 
Choral  Society ;  and  sometime  conductor  of  the 
London  Board  School  Festival  Concerts  at  the 
Crystal  Palace.  Musical  editor  of  the  Stan- 
dard Book  of  Song,  for  Temperance  Meetings 
and  Home  Use,  and  author  of  a  booklet.  The 
Voice  Trainer.  A  Vice-President  of  the  Tonic 
Sol-fa  Association,  he  was  a  zealous  worker 
to  the  last.  He  died  somewhat  suddenly,  at 
Hastings,  June  22,  1895. 

Birch,  Samuel,  composer  and  minor  poet, 
was  born  at  London,  November  8,  1757.  He 
served  as  a  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1815. 
Died  at  London,  December  10,  1841. 


48 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BIRCH. 

WoHKS. — Musical  dramas,  etc.:  The  Marin- 
ers, 1793  ;  Packet  Boat,  or  a  peep  behind  the 
veil  (a  masque),  1794  ;  Adopted  child,  1795  ; 
Smugglers,  1796 ;  Fast  asleep,  1795  ;  Albert 
and  Adelaide,  1798.  Glees,  songs,  etc.  To 
some  of  tliese  musical  dramas,  Attwood  and 
others  wrote  the  music. 

Birch,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Lichfield  in  1775.  He  was  an  organist 
at  Tamworth,  and  died  November  17,  1815. 
Another  William  Biech  issued  "  Sacred  Mu- 
sic, consisting  of  psalms,  hymns,  anthems, 
etc."     London  [1825]. 

Birch,  William  Henry,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Uxbridge,  May  5,  1826.  He 
studied  under  Elvey,  Blagrove,  and  R.  Bar- 
nett.  He  became  organist  of  St.  Mary's 
Church,  Amersham,  and  wasateacher  of  music 
at  Caversham,  near  Reading.  He  died  there 
July  18,  1888. 

Works. — The  Merry  men  of  Sherwood  For- 
est, operetta,  1872 ;  Wreck  of  the  Argosy,  can- 
tata, 1879  ;  Twelve  anthems,  Reading,  1S77. 
Choruses,  glees,  quartetts,  trios,  etc,  1856. 
Ctoticles  of  the  Church  of  England  [1875]; 
Evensong,  a  selection  of  h\mns  and  chants 
[1860] ;  Gems  of  sacred  harmony  [1853] , 
Sabbath  Recreation,  a  selection  of  favourite 
sacred  melodies  .  .  .  1857;  Standard  Psalmist 
.  .  .  [1853-4] .  Comic  series  of  juvenile  songs, 
concertina  albums,  journals,  pf.  music,  songs, 
etc.,  etc. 

Bird,  George,  organist,  was  appointed  to 
the  Parish  Church,  Walthamstow,  March  26, 
1829,  after  playing  on  probation  with  other 
candidates  from  the  previous  Advent  Sunday, 
November  30,  1828.  This  post  he  held  till  the 
time  of  his  death,  August  14,  1894,  a  period 
exceeding  65  years,  during  which  he  officiated 
under  three  vicars,  and  assisted  at  the  conse- 
cration of  the  first  three  of  the  churches 
which  have  been  added  to  the  district.  He 
edited  "A  collection  of  100  chants"  (Novello), 
and  a  Hymn  Tune-Book,  in  much  use  in  their 
day.  His  son,  Henry  Richard  Bird,  born  at 
Walthamstow,  November  14,  1842,  was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  St.  John's,  Walthamstow, 
in  1851.  Then  for  some  years  he  studied  with 
J.  Turle,  and  in  1858  was  elected  organist  of 
St.  Mark's,  Clerkenwell ;  in  1860  appointed  to 
Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Street;  in  1866  to  St. 
Gabriel's,  Pimlico ;  and  in  1872  to  St.  Mary 
Abbots,  Kensington,  a  post  he  retains.  He 
was  organist  at  the  Festivals  of  the  London 
Church  Choir  Association,  at  St.  Paul's  Cathe- 
dral in  1880-1 ;  and  has  for  a  long  time  given 
concerts  at  Kensington.  In  1891  he  was  ap- 
pointed accompanist  at  the  Monday  and  Sat- 
urday Popular  Concerts,  a  capacity  in  which 
he  is  in  much  request.  He  is  a  Professor  of  the 
pf.  at  R.C.M.,  and  at  Trinity  College,  London. 

Bird,  William,  musician  of  Watford,  is- 
sued "  A  Set  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  with 


BISHOP. 

an  Anthem  for  four  voices,"  London,  1807, 
2nd  edition,  1810;  "Original  Psalmody,  57 
Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  in  score  .  .  .  revised 
by  S.  Wesley,"  1827,  also  1830 ;  "  Gems  of 
metrical  Psalmody,"  London,  1835. 

Bird,  William  Hamilton,  musician,  pub- 
lished "  The  Oriental  Miscellany,  a  collection 
of  the  most  favourite  airs  of  Hindoostan, 
adapted  for  the  harpsichord,"  Calcutta,  1789. 

Birde,  William,  see  Byrd,  William. 

Birkensha,  John,  Irish  author  and 
musician,  who  lived  in  London  as  a  teacher 
of  the  viol  during  the  first  half  of  the  17th 
century.  He  translated  the  "  Templum 
Musicum,"  of  Alstedius,  as  "  Templum 
Musicum,  or  the  musical  synopsis  of  the 
learned  and  famous  Johannes  Henricus,  Al- 
stedius :  being  a  compendium  of  the  rudi- 
ments both  of  the  mathematical  and  practical 
part  of  nausick  .   .  "  London,  1664. 

Birnie,  Patie,  or  Patrick,  violinist  and 
,  minor  poet,  who  lived  at  Kinghorn,  in  Fife, 
'  at  the  end  of  the  17th  century.  He  wrote 
"The  auld  man's  mear's  dead"  and  other 
songs,  and  was  a  famovis  fiddler  in  his  day. 
He  distinguished  himself  at  the  Battle  of 
Bothwell  Bridge,  which  he  took  part  in  as 
one  of    the  Fife    militia,  by  running  away. 

Bishenden,  Charles  James,  bass  vocalist 
and  teacher,  born  at  Hemel-Hempstead, 
Herts,  in  1848.  Has  sung  with  success  in  his 
native  town  and  other  places.  He  was  one  of 
the  early  advocates  for  the  adoption  of  the 
French  pitch  in  this  country.  In  1882  he 
married  Isabel  Mary  Beachey,  a  vocalist,  who 
has  appeared  with  him  at  various  concerts. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  pamphlet,  "The  voice, 
and  how  to  use  it,"  and  "How  to  sing,"  etc. 

Bishop,  Anna,  born  Riviere,  wife  of  the 
undernoted.  A  French  soprano  vocalist,  was 
born  in  London,  1812  [1814-15].  She  studied 
under  Moscheles  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  married 
Sir  Henry  Bishop,  1832.  Debut  at  London, 
1837.  She  sang  at  the  musical  festivals  of 
Gloucester,  York,  and  Hereford.  She  left  her 
husband  and  travelled  with  Bochsa  in  Europe 
1839.  Appeared  in  Copenhagen,  1839.  She 
sang  in  Stockholm  in  1840  ;  St.  Petersburg, 
1840;  in  Russia,  1840-1;  in  Austria,  etc., 
1842  ;  Italy,  1843.  She  went  to  America  in 
1846,  and  travelled  there  and  in  Australia,  etc., 
1853-8.  She  married  Martin  Schultz,  of  New 
York,  1858.  Returned  to  England,  1858,  and 
in  1859  went  back  to  America.  She  travelled 
round  the  world,  concert-giving,  in  1865-69, 
and  again  in  1873-76.  Between  the  years 
1839  and  1843  she  sang  at  260  concerts.  She 
was  a  cultivated  vocalist  and  member  of 
many  musical  societies.  She  died  at  New 
York,  March  18    [20],   1884. 

Bishop,  Sir  Henry  Rowley,  composer, 
was  born  at  London,  November  18,  1786.  He 
studied  music  under  F.  Bianchi,  and  became 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


49 


BISHOP. 

musical  director  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  1810- 
11.  Pounded  (with  others)  the  Philharmonic 
Society,  1813.  Visited  Dublin,  1820.  Conductor 
at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  1825.  Musical  direc- 
tor of  Vauxhall  Gardens,  1830.  He  married 
(1st)  Sarah  Lyon  (died  1831)  and  (2nd)  Anna 
Reviere.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1889.  Musical 
director  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  1810-41. 
Conductor  of  the  Ancient  Concerts,  1840-48. 
Professor  of  ^lusic  at  the  Edinburgh  Univer- 
sity (in  succession  to  John  Thomson),  1841-3. 
Knighted,  1842.  Professor  of  Music  at  Oxford 
University  (in  succession  to  Dr.  Crotch),  1848. 
Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  1853.  He  died  at  London, 
April  30,  1855.  Buried  at  Finchley  (or  jNIary- 
lebone)  Cemetry. 

Works. —  Operas  and  Musical  Dramas :  An- 
gelina farce,  1804 ;  Tamerlan  et  Bajazet,  ballet, 
1806  ;  Narcissa  et  les  Graces,  grand  Anac- 
reontic ballet,  1806  ;  Caractacus,  ballet,  1806  ; 
Love  in  a  tub,  a  pastoral  ballet,  1806 ; 
Mysterious  bride,  1808  ;  Circassian  bride,  1809 ; 
Mora's  love,  ballet,  1809 ;  Vintagers,  1809  ; 
Maniac,  or  Swiss  banditti,  1810  ;  Knight  of 
Snowdoun,  1811;  Virgin  of  the  sun,  1812; 
CEthiop,  or  Child  of  the  desert,  1812 ;  Rene- 
gade, 1812 ;  Haroun  Alraschid  (altered  from 
^thiop),  1813  :  Brazen  bust,  1813 ;  Harry  Le 
Roy,  1813;  Miller  and  his  men,  1813;  For 
England  ho !  1813 ;  Farmer's  wife  (with  Reeve 
and  Davy),  1814;  Wandering  boys,  or  the 
Castle  of  Clival,  1814  ;  Sadak  and  Kalasrade, 
orthe  Waters  of  oblivion,  1814;  Grand  alliance, 
1814 ;  Forest  of  Bondy,  or  Dog  of  Montargus, 
1814 ;  Maid  of  the  mill,  comic  opera,  1814 ; 
Noble  outlaw,  1815 ;  Telemachus,  1815 ;  Mid- 
summer night's  dream  (Shakespeare),  1816 ; 
Guy  Mannering,  or  the  Gypsey's  prophecy  ' 
(from  Scott),  (with  Whittaker),  1816 ;  Heir  of  ' 
Vironi,  or  Honesty  the  best  policy,  1817  ;  Don 
Juan,  or  the  Libertine  (compiled  from  Mozart), 
1817 ;  Duke  of  Savoy,  or  Wife  and  mistress, 
1817;  Barber  of  Seville  (compiled  from  Rossini) , 
1818 ;  Marriage  of  Figaro  (compiled  from  j\Ioz- 
art),  1819 ;  Heart  of  Midlothian  (from  Scott), 
1819  ;  A  Rowland  for  an  Oliver,  1819 ;  Gnome 
king,  or  the  Giant  mountains,  1819  ;  Comedy 
of  errors  (Shakespeare),  1819 ;  Antiquary  (from 
Scott),  1820;  Battle  of  Bothwell  Brigg,  1820; 
Henri  Quatre,  or  Paris  in  the  olden  time,  1820 ; 
Twelfth  night  (Shakespeare),  1820;  Don  John, 
or  the  Two  Violettas,  1820  ;  Two  gentlemen  of 
Verona  (Shakespeare),  1821 ;  Montrose,  or  the 
Children  of  the  mist  (from  Scott),  1820;  Law 
of  Java,  1822;  Maid  Marian,  or  the  Huntress 
of  Arlingford,  opera,  1822;  Clari,  or  the  Maid 
of  Milan,  opera  in  three  acts  (J.  H.  Payne), 
1828 ;  Beacon  of  liberty,  1823 ;  Cortez,  or  the 
Conquest  of  Mexico,  1823 ;  Native  land,  or  Re- 
turn from  slavery,  1824 ;  Charles  the  Second, 
operetta,  1824;  Fall  of  Algiers,  opera,  3  acts, 
1825 :  Hofer,  the  Tell  of  the  Tyrol  (compiled 
from  Rossini),  1825 ;  Edward  the  Black  Prince, 


BISHOP. 

1825;  Aladdin,  or  the  Wonderful  lamp,  opera 
(by  J.  R.  Planch^),  London,  1825;  Knights  of 
the  cross,  opera,  1826 ;  Under  the  oak,  opera, 
1830 :  Adelaide,  or  the  Royal  William,  opera, 
1882 ;  Home,  sweet  home,  operatic  drama,  2 
acts,  1832  ;  Magic  fan,  or  the  Fillip  on  the 
nose,  operetta,  1832 ;  Yelva,  musical  drama,  2 
acts,  1833;  Rencontre,  operatic  comedy,  1883; 
Doom  kiss,  opera,  1836 ;  Slave,  opera  in  3  acts 
(by  J.R.Planch6),1816;  As  you  like  it  (Shakes- 
peare) ;   Aurora,  ballet ;  Brother  and  sister, 

1814  ;  Cymon  (from  M.  Arne),  1815  ;  Comus, 

1815  :  Dr.  Sangrado,  ballet,  1814  ;  December 
and  May  ;  Don  Pedro,  tragedy  (2  glees) ;  Der 
Freyschutz  (compiled  from  Weber),  1824 ; 
Englishman  in  India,  comic  opera,  1827 ; 
Faustus,  1825 ;  Fortunatus  and  his  sons, 
1819  ;  John  of  Paris  (from  Boieldieu),  1814  ; 
John  du  Bart  (incidental  music),  1815  ;  Nin- 
etta,  opera,  3  acts  ;  Bottle  of  champagne,  op- 
eretta ;  Czar  of  Muscovy,  opera ;  Humorous 
lieutenant,  1817  ;  Romance  of  a  day,  operatic 
drama  ;  Zuma,  or  the  Tree  of  health,  comic 
opera,  1818.  Fallen  angel,  oratorio  ;  Seventh 
day,  cantata,  1838.  Glees :  Six  original  En- 
glish glees  (poetry  by  Hemans,  Baillie,  etc.) ; 
Twelve  original  English  glees  ;  Complete  col- 
lection of  glees,  8  vols.,  1839  (other  collections 
have  since  appeared,  one — Novello's — with 
orchestral  accompaniments).  Songs  :  Songs 
for  the  seasons,  by  T.  H.  Bayly  ;  Select  and 
rare  Scottish  melodies,  poetry  by  Hogg;  Songs 
of  the  old  chateau,  poetry  by  Bayly  ;  Lays 
and  legends  of  the  Rhine,  J.  R.  Planche;  Do. 
of  the  Upper  Rhine ;  jMelodies  of  various  na- 
tions, Bayly  ;  Songs  for  leisure  hours,  W.  Wal- 
ton; Edition  of  Handel's  trios,  choruses,  etc.; 
Grand  triumphal  ode,  Accession  of  the  king ; 
Funeral  ode  ;  Jolly  beggars,  cantata  by  Robert 
Burns  ;  Single  songs  in  great  numbers.  Pf. 
music,  and  various  pieces  of  instrumental 
music.  English  national  melodies,  poetry, 
edited  by  Chas.  Mackay.  Syllabus  of  a  course 
of  six  lectures  on  the  origin  and  progress  of 
the  lyric  drama,  or  opera  ...  to  be  delivered 
in  the  Manchester  Athenseum,  8vo,  1845. 

Bishop  is  now  remembered  chiefly  by  his 
songs  and  glees,  which  are  among  the  finest 
specimens  of  the  modern  English  School. 
None  of  his  operas  or  musical  dramas  save 
"  Guy  Mannering  "  are  now  performed.  Many 
of  them  were  mere  occasional  pieces,  but  a 
number  of  the  songs  and  concerted  vocal  pieces 
scattered  through  them  are  in  constant  use 
by  vocalists  and  choral  societies. 

Bishop,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  1665.  Studied  under  Daniel  Rosein- 
grave.  In  1687  he  was  lay- vicar  at  King's 
College,  Cambridge,  and  in  1688  became 
teacher  of  choristers.  Organist  of  Winchester 
CoUege  in  succession  to  Jeremiah  Clark  in 
1695  ;  lay-vicar  of  Winchester  Cathedral,  and 
in  1729  succeeded  Vaughan  Richardson   as 


50 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BISHOP. 

organist.  He  died  at  Winchester,  December 
19,  1737.  He  published  "A  Sett  of  new 
Psahn  Tunes,  in  four  parts,"  cantus,  medius, 
tenor  and  bassus,  J.  Walsh  [1700] ;  "  Supple- 
ment to  the  new  Psalm-book,  consisting  of  6 
new  anthems  and  6  new  Psalm  tunes,"  Lon- 
don, 1725 ;  and  scme  of  his  compositions  in 
•MS.  arc  in  the  ]3ritish  ]\Iuseuni. 

Bishop,  John,  organist  and  author,  born 
at  Cheltenham,  July  31,  1818.  He  was  suc- 
cessively organist  of  St.  Paul's,  Cheltenham, 
1831  ;  Blackburn,  1838-39  ;  St.  James',  Chel- 
tenham ;  Roman  Catholic  Chapel,  and  St. 
John's,  Cheltenham.  These  appointments  he 
resigned  in  1852.  He  died  at  Cheltenham, 
February  3,  1890. 

Works — Anthems,  organ  music,  songs,  etc. 
Two  collections  of  Chants,  1852-57,  containing 
"  Remarks  on  the  singing  of  the  daily  Psalms." 
Brief  memoir  of  George  Frederick  Handel, 
1856.  Remarks  on  the  causes  of  the  present 
generally  degraded  state  of  music  in  our 
churches,  18G0.  Repertorium  Musicte  An- 
tiquae — a  miscellaneous  collection  of  classical 
compositions  by  the  greatest  masters  of  Italy, 
Germany,  ed.  (with  J.  Warren)  London,  1848. 
He  edited  various  collections  of  organ  music, 
and  translated  various  works  on  musical 
theory  by  Czerny,  Reicha,  G.  Weber,  Otto, 
Spohr,  etc. 

Bisse,  Thomas,  clergyman  and  author, 
published  "  A  Sermon  preached  at  Hereford 
at  the  meeting  of  the  choirs  of  Hereford, 
Gloucester  and  Worcester,  in  September, 
1726 — '  I  got  me  men -singers  and  women- 
singers  and  the  delights  of  the  sons  of  men, 
as  musical  instruments,  and  that  of  all  sorts,'  " 
1726.  Dr.  Bisse  was  the  virtual  founder  of 
the  Three  Choirs  Festivals,  which  he  first 
proposed  at  Gloucester  in  1724. 

Bisset,  Catherine,  pianist,  born  London 
in  1795.  She  was  eldest  daughter  of  Robert 
Bisset,  LL.D.,  author  of  a  "Life  of  Burke," 
and  other  works.  She  studied  under  J.  B. 
Cramer,  and  first  appeared  at  the  New  Musi- 
cal Fund  Concert  in  1811.  In  1823  she  ap- 
peared at  Paris,  and  thereafter  was  much 
engaged  in  London  as  pianist  at  private  con- 
certs. She  died  at  Barnes  in  February,  1864. 
Her  younger  sister,  Elizabeth  Anne  (born 
London,  1800;  died  — ?),  was  a  harp-player 
and  composer,  who  studied  under  F.  Dizi. 
She  published  a  number  of  arrangements  and 
fantasias  for  the  harp  and  pianoforte. 

Black,  Andrew,  baritone  vocalist,  born 
in  Glasgow,  January  15,  1859.  Was  for  some 
time  organist  of  the  Andcrston  U.  P.  Church, 
Glasgow,  but  developing  a  fine  baritone  voice, 
he  studied  singing  under  A.  Randegger,  and 
J.  B.  Welch ;  afterwards  receiving  instruc- 
tion from  Domenico  Scafati  in  Milan.  From 
1884  his  singing  attracted  attention  in  Scot- 
land ;  but  it  was  at  the  Crystal  Palace  Concert, 


BLAGROVE. 

July  30,  1887,  that  he  achieved  his  first  great 
success.  He  sang  there  twice  during  the  fol- 
lowing month,  and  from  that  time  his  advance 
was  rapid.  He  made  a  tour  in  America,  and 
sang  in  opera.  His  first  appearance  at  a  pro- 
vincial Festival  was  at  Leeds  in  1892  ;  and  in 
1894  he  was  selected  for  the  title  part  in 
"  Elijah  "  at  the  Birmingham  Festival,  and 
was  engaged  for  the  same  at  Gloucester  in 
1895,  and  at  Norwich,  1896.  He  has  sung  at 
all  the  most  important  concerts  in  the  King- 
dom. Since  its  opening,  in  1893,  he  has  been  a 
professor  of  singing  at  the  Manchester  Royal 
College  of  Music.  He  is  a  painter  of  consider- 
able ability,  and  his  wife  is  an  accomplished 
pianist. 

Blackwell,  Isaac,  composer,  flourished 
during  latter  part  of  17th  century.  Com- 
posed "  Choice  Ayres,  Songs,  and  Dialogues 
to  the  theorbo-lute  and  bass-violo,"  London, 
1657. 

Blackwood,  Helen,  see  Duffeein,  Lady. 

Blagrave,  Thomas,  composer  and  mu- 
sician, was  born  in  Berkshire  about  1661.  He 
was  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  a 
member  of  the  private  band  of  Charles  11. 
He  died  on  November  21,  1688,  and  is  buried 
in  the  north  cloister  of  Westminster  Abbey. 
He  composed  a  few  songs. 

Blagrove,  Richard,  violinist  and  teacher. 
Author  of  "A  New  and  Improved  System  tc 
the  Art  of  Playing  the  Violin."  Lend.,  1828. 
Fantasias,  etc.,  for  pf.,  concertina,  etc.  His 
brother  William,  who  died  at  London  in 
1858,  was  also  a  violinist. 

Blagrove,  Henry  Gamble,  violinist,  was 
born  at  Nottingham,  October  20th,  ,1811. 
.Son  of  above.  First  appeared  in  public, [1816. 
Taken  to  London  by  his  father,  1817.  Played 
at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  1817.  Studied  under 
Spagnoletti,  1821,  and  became  a  pupil  at  the 
R.A.M.,  1823.  Gained  silver  medal,  R.A.M., 
for  violin  playing,  1824.  Member  of  Queen 
Adelaide's  private  band,  1830-1887.  Studied 
under  Spohr  in  Germany,  1832-34.  Played  at 
London  Concerts  and  Provincial  Festivals. 
He  died  at  London,  December  15th,  1872. 

Blagrove,  Richard  Manning,  viola  and 
concertina  player,  brother  of  the  preceding, 
was  born  at  Nottingham.  In  1837  he  entered 
the  R.A.M.,  studying  the  viola  under  H.  Hill. 
He  also  studied  the  concertina,  and  played 
a  solo  on  that  instrument  at  the  Hanover 
Square  Rooms,  March  12th,  1842.  With 
Giulio  Regondi,  George  Case,  and  A.  B.  Sedg- 
wick, he  formed  a  concertina  quartet,  the 
first  concert  taking  place  in  the  room  just 
named,  June  12th,  1844.  The  next  year 
found  him  engaged  at  concerts  as  pianoforte 
accompanist,  and  viola  player  in  his  brother 
Henry's  quartet  concerts.  From  that  time 
onward  he  was  prominent  in  musical  work. 
On   the   death   of  Henry  Hill,   in   1856,   he 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


51 


BLAIKIE. 

succeeded  him  as  principal  viola  in  the  Phil- 
harmonic orchestra,  and  at  the  Three  Choirs 
Festivals,  posts  he  held  until  1894.  For 
many  years,  up  to  1890,  he  was  a  professor  at 
the  R.A.M.,  and  a  FeUow  of  that  Institution. 
In  1890,  he  began  a  series  of  concerts  at 
Clapham  Hall,  assisted  by  his  sons  Stanley 
and  Arthur,  and  his  wife,  nee  Freeth,  a 
gifted  pianist.  He  died  in  London,  October 
21st,  1895.  Published  Concertina  Journal, 
1853,  Fantasias,  etc.,  pf.  and  concertina.  It 
was  specially  for  him  that  G.  A.  Macfarren 
wrote  his  concertina  quintet. 

Blaikie,  Andrew,  engraver  and  musician, 
who  flourished  in  Paisley  in  the  first  half  of 
the  present  century.  He  noted  do^vn  and 
engraved  the  tunes  in  "  Motherwell's  Min- 
strelsy," 1827,  and  was  the  owner  of  two  17th 
century  musical  manuscripts  of  considerable 
value. 

Blair,  Hugh,  organist  and  composer, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Rev.  R.  H.  Blair,  M.A., 
F.R.A.S.,  of  Ayrshire  family.  He  was  born 
at  Worcester,  May  26th,  1864,  and  educated 
in  Yorkshire,  and  the  Cathedral  school, 
Worcester,  studying  music  under  the  late 
Dr.  Done.  In  1883  he  gained  the  Choral 
Scholarship  at  Christ  College,  Cambridge, 
where  he  was  a  pupil  of  Dr.  Garrett,  and  Sir 
G.  A.  Macfarren.  He  graduated  B.A.,  1886, 
and  Mus.  Bac,  1887.  Deputy  organist  at 
Worcester  Cathedral,  1887,  he  was  appointed 
organist-in-charge,  1889,  and  succeeded  Dr. 
Done  as  organist  in  1895.  He  conducted  the 
opening  service  of  the  Worcester  Festival  in 
1890,  and  the  Festivals  of  1893-6.  He  is 
Conductor  of  Musical  Societies  at  Worcester 
and  Redditch,  and  a  Vice-President  of  the 
London  Church  Orchestral  Society. 

His  compositions  include  two  Cantatas : — 
"  Harvest  Tide "  (Trinity  Church,  Barnes, 
1892) ;  "  Blessed  are  they  who  watch  "  (Wor- 
cester, 1894) ;  Festival  Evening  Service,  eight 
voices  (Worcester  Festival,  1887) ;  Evening 
Service  in  B  flat  (Gloucester  Festival,  1892) ; 
Te  Deum  and  Jubilate  in  D  (Worcester  Festi- 
val, 1893)  ;  Anthems,  Services,  etc. 

Blair,  William,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  Crathie,  Aberdeenshire,  October  26th, 
1793,  died  there  November  12th,  1884.  He 
was  famous  as  a  player  of  Scots  dance  music, 
and  was  a  sort  of  fiddler  to  Queen  Victoria 
from  1848.  He  composed  some  dance  music, 
and  is  remembered  by  his  strathspey,  entitled, 
"  The  Queen's  Fiddler's  compliments  to  Mr. 
Troup."  His  sons  John  and  James  are  also 
violinists. 

Blake,  Benjamin,  composer,  was  born  at 
Kingsland,  London,  1751.  He  studied  music  by 
himself,  and  learned  the  violin,  17G0.  Member 
of  orchestra  of  Italian  opera,  London,  1768. 
Professor  of  music  in  Public  School  at  Ken- 
sington, 1789-1810.   He  died  in  London,  1827. 


BLEW. 

Works. — Three  bocks  of  six  duets  for  violin 
and  viola.  Six  sonatas  for  pf.  and  violin. 
Collection  of  sacred  music  for  voices  and 
organ.  Three  solos  for  viola,  with  accompani- 
ment for  bass.  Glees  and  songs.  A  musical 
dialogue  between  master  and  scholar.  Six 
duets  for  violin  and  tenor  (1765),  2nd  sett; 
3rd  sett.  Op.  3 ;  Six  sonatas  for  the  pf..  Op.  4. 
Miscellaneous  collection  of  vocal  music,  Op. 
6,   1814. 

Blake,  Rev.  Edward,  composer,  was  born 
at  Salisbury,  1708.  Fellow  of  Oriel  College, 
Oxford.  Prebendary  of  Salisbury  Cathedral, 
and  rector  of  Tortworth,  Gloucester,  1757. 
Perpetual  Curate  of  St.  Thomas'  Church, 
Salisbury.  Vicar  of  St.  Mary  the  Virgin, 
Oxford,  1754.  He  died  on  June  11,  1765. 
Composed  anthems  and  instrumental  duets. 

Blakeley,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Wakefield,  February  12,  1852. 
He  studied  under  Dr.  W.  Spark  and  Dr.  J. 
F.  Bridge.  In  1868  he  became  organist  of 
Thornes  Church,  Wakefield ;  Wakefield  Choral 
Society,  1868-69  ;  and  afterwards  at  Croydon, 
Batley,  Morningside  U.  P.  Church,  Edin- 
burgh, 1881-90  ;  Queen's  Park  Parish  Church, 
Glasgow,  1890.    He  is  a  Mus.  Bac.  of  Toronto. 

Composer  of  "  Jonah,"  an  oratorio ;  an- 
thems, part-songs,  songs,  and  music  for  the 
organ,  etc.  Also  "  Prize  Psalmody,"  a  col- 
lection of  original  hymn  tunes. 

Blancks,  Edward,  composer  of  tunes  in 
Este's  "  Whole  booke  of  Psahnes,"  1592.  He 
lived  during  the  latter  jpart  of  the  16th  and 
and  begiiming  of  the  17th  centuries. 

Bland,  Dora,  see  Jordan,  Mrs. 

Bland,  Maria  Theresa,  born  Romanzini. 
Soprano  vocalist,  was  born  in  London,  of 
Italian  parents  in  1769.  First  appeared  at 
Royal  Circus,  London,  1773.  Sang  at  Dublin 
Theatre.  Debut  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre, 
October  24,  1786.  Married  Mr.  Bland,  brother 
to  Mrs.  Jordan.  Sang  at  Hajonarket  Theatre, 
1791.  Sang  in  London  tiU  1824.  She  died 
at  Westminster,  January  15,  1838,  insane. 

She  was  a  magnificent  ballad  vocalist,  and 
earned  most  of  her  success  on  the  operatic 
stage. 

Blandford,  George,  Marquis  of,  4th 
Duke  of  Marlborough,  born  January  26th 
[1738].  He  was  connected  with  many  of  the 
musical  enterprises  during  the  end  of  last 
and  beginning  of  the  present  centuries.  He 
died  on  January  13,  1817.  Among  other 
works  he  published  "  Twelve  Glees  for  three 
and  four  voices,"  London  [1798] ;  a  "  Col- 
lection of  vocal  music,"  and  various  Sonatas 
for  the  pianoforte. 

Blew,  William  Charles  Arlington, 
barrister-at-law  and  musician,  was  born  at 
London  in  1848,  and  called  to  the  bar  in 
1876.  Author  of  "  Organs  and  Organists  in 
Parish   Churches.     A  hand-book  of  the  law 


52 


BRITISH   MUSICAL  BIOGRAPHY. 


BLEWITT. 

relating  to  the  custody,  control,  and  use  of 
organs,  and  the  duties,  rights  and  disabilities 
of  organists,"  London,  1878. 

Blewitt,  Jonas,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  first  half  of  18th  century.  He  held 
the  appointments  of  organist  to  St.  Margaret 
Pattens,  and  St.  Gabriel,  Fenchurch,  Louden, 
about  1795,  and  to  St.  Catherine  Coleman, 
Fenchurch  Street.  He  performed  in  public. 
Died  at  Loudon  in  1805. 

Works. — Ten  voluntaries  or  pieces  for  the 
organ,  op.  5  ;  Twelve  easy  and  familiar  move- 
ments for  the  organ,  op.  6 ;  Treatise  on  the 
organ  with  explanatory  voluntaries,  op.  4, 
London,  n.d. 

Blewitt,  Jonathan,  son  of  above,  com- 
poser and  organist,  born  London  in  1782.  He 
studied  under  his  father  and  Battishill,  and 
in  1793  became  deputy  to  his  father.  He  was 
successively  organist  of  Haverhill,  Suffolk ; 
Brecon  ;  Sheffield,  and  of  St.  Andrew's 
Church,  Dublin,  in  1811.  In  1811  he  became 
composer  and  conductor  at  the  Theatre  Royal, 
Dublin,  and  soon  after  w^as  made  grand  or- 
ganist to  the  Masonic  Society  of  Ireland.  He 
returned  to  Loudon  in  1826,  and  became 
musical  director  at  Sadler's  Wells  Theatre, 
1828-29.  Teacher  of  vocal  music  and  organist 
in  London.    He  died  at  Loudon,  Sept.  4, 1853. 

Works — Miisic  to  Plays,  etc.  :  Harlequin, 
or  the  ISIan  in  the  Moon,  1826 ,  Talisman  of 
the  Elements ;  Auld  Robin  Gray ;  My  Old 
Woman;  Corsair;  Magician  ;  Island  of  Saints; 
Rory  O'More  ;  Mischief  Making,  etc.  Instru- 
mental :  Concerto  for  pf.  and  orch. ;  Sonatas 
and  Duets  for  pf.  ;  Caprices,  fugues,  and 
sonatas  for  the  organ.  Vocal  Assistant,  treatise 
on  singing,  London,  n.d.  Songs  :  A  nice  little 
man  ;  Adieu  my  moustachios ;  Barney  Bral- 
laghan  ;  England,  merry  England ;  Let  us 
drink  to  old  friends  ;  My  hopes  are  fixed  upon 
thee  ;  Emerald  Isle  ;  The  White  CliSs  of  Eng- 
land ;  Good  bye  ;  Groves  of  Blarney ;  Hamlet ; 
I  saw  him  but  once  :  New  cries  of  London  ; 
O  for  a  cot ;  Our  jolly  stout  jackets  of  blue ; 
Phillis,  have  you  seen  my  love  ? ,  Pic-uic  ; 
When  cro\\^led  with  summer  roses. 

Bliss,  Mrs.  J.  Worthington,  born 
M.  Lindsay,  composer  of  the  present  time. 
Has  written  a  large  number  of  songs,  some  of 
which  attained  great  popularity  in  their  day. 
Among  them  may  be  named — Airy,  fairy 
Lilian ;  Alone ;  Arrow  and  the  song ;  The 
Bridge  [1856]  ;  Danish  Maid ;  Excelsior 
[1854] ;  Far  away  [1868] ;  Home  they  brought 
her  warrior  dead  [1858] ;  H%-mn  of  the  Mora- 
vian Nuns  (Pulaski's  Banner)  [1854] ;  Songs 
for  children,  1871-72,  in  numbers ;  Part-songs, 
etc. 

Blitheman,  William,  composer  and 
organist,  flourished  in  latter  half  of  16th 
century.  He  was  master  of  the  choristers  of 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  in  1564,  and  one  of 


BLOW. 

the  organists  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  Mus.  Bac, 
Cantab.,  1586.  Mus.  Doc,  do.  [15?].  He 
died  at  London,  in  1591. 

Blitheman  was  the  preceptor  of  Dr.  John 
Bull,  and  was  succeeded  by  him  at  the  Chapel 
Royal  in  1591.  His  biography  is  unknown, 
but  it  is  believed  that  he  composed  church 
music,  and  had  much  celebrity  in  his  time. 

Blockley,  John,  composer,  writer,  and 
publisher,  was  born  in  1800.  Engaged  in 
music-publishing  business  in  London.  He 
died  at  London,  December  24th,  1882. 

Works. — The  Sabbath  Minstrel  [collec- 
tion of  sacred  music],  London,  n.d.  ;  The 
Singer's  Companion,  London,  n.d.  Songs  : 
My  childhood's  home ;  I  remember  thy  voice ; 
We  have  been  friends  together ;  The  absent 
one ;  A  blessing  on  thine  eyes ;  The  Arab's 
farewell  to  his  favourite  steed ;  i'he  friend  of 
our  early  days  ;  Love  not ;  Love  on  (reply) ; 
The  Englishman  ;  and  numerous  other  songs 
written  to  words  of  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Norton, 
etb.  Selection  of  sacred  melodies  from  the 
works  of  the  most  celebrated  composers,  n.d. 
Collection  of  psalm  and  h)-mn  tunes  for  four 
voices,  London,  n.d. 

Blow,  John,  composer  and  organist,  was 
born  at  Westminster  (not  North  Collingham, 
Nottingham,  as  usually  stated),  1648.  One  of 
Children  of  Chapel  Royal,  1660.  He  studied 
under  Captain  Cook,  Hingeston,  and  Chris- 
topher Gibbons.  Organist  of  Westminster 
Abbey,  1669-80.  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal, 
1678-74.  Master  of  the  Children,  do.,  July, 
1674.  Organist  of  Chapel  Royal,  1676.  Pri- 
vate Musician  to  King  James  II.,  1685. 
Almoner  and  master  of  the  choristers  of  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral.  1687-93.  Re-appointed 
organist  of  Westminster  Abbey,  1695-1708. 
Married  Elizabeth  Braddock.  Composer  to 
Chapel  Royal,  1699.  He  died  at  London, 
October  Isl,  1708.  Buried  in  north  choir 
aisle,  Westminster. 

Works. — Amphion  Anglicus,  a  work  of 
many  compositions  for  one,  two,  three,  and 
four  voices,  with  several  accompagnements  of 
Instrumental  Musick,  and  a  Thorow-Bass  to 
each  scng,  figur'd  for  an  Organ,  Harpsichord, 
or  Theorbce-Lute,  Lond.  [1700].  Odes:  A 
Second  Musical  Entertainment,  performed  on 
St.  Cecilia's  Day,  November  22nd,  1684,  words 
bv  John  Oldham,  London,  1684 ;  Great  Quire 
of  Heaven,  St.  Cecilia's  Day,  1691 ;  Te  Deum 
and  Jubilate,  composed  for  St.  Cecilia's  Day, 
1695 ;  Triumphant  Fame,  St.  Cecilia's  Day, 
1700;  Arise,  Great  Monarch,  New  Year's  Day, 
1681;  New  Year's  Day  Ode,  1683;  HaU, 
Monarch,  do.,  1686 ;  Is  it  a  Dream  ?  do.,  1687  ; 
Y'e  Sons  of  Phoebus,  do.,  1688 ;  others  in  1689 
and  1693-94  ;  Appear  in  all  thy  pomp,  appear, 
do.,  1700;  Ode  on  the  death  of  Mr.  Henry 
Purcell,  the  words  bj'  Mr.  Dryden,  London, 
1696 ;  Three  Elegies  upon  the  much  lamented 


BFJTISH   MUSICAL   RIOGKAPHY. 


53 


BLOW. 

loss  of  our  late  mcst  Gracious  Queen  IMary, — 
fistt  to  Musick  by  Dr.  Blow  and  Mr.  Henry 
Purcell,  Lond.,  fol.,  1695.  Church  Services 
in  A,  G,  and  E  minor,  one  in  triple  measure 
and  10  unedited.  Anthems,  numbering  about 
100,  published  in  Boyce's  Collection,  Clifford's 
Collection,  Page's  Harmonia  Sacra,  Novello's 
Series ;  others  existing  in  MS.  A  choice 
Collection  of  Lessons  for  the  Harpsichord, 
Spiunett,  etc.,  containing  four  Setts,  as 
grounds,  ahnands,  corauts,  sarabands,  n:iin- 
uets,  and  jiggs,  1698.  A  choice  Collection  of 
Lessons,  being  excellently  sett  to  the  Harpsi- 
chord, etc.,  by  Blow  and  Purcell,  1705. 
Catches  in  the  "  Pleasant  Musical  Companion," 
published  in  various  editions ;  Do.  pub.  in 
The  Catch  Club,  or  Merry  Companions ;  Songs 
in  D'Urfey's  collections,  and  in  others  of  the 
same  period  ;  Organ  music  ;  Chants. 

Blow,  Rev.  William,  rector  of  Layer- 
Breton,  Essex.  A  direct  descendant  of  John 
Blow.  Was  esteemed  one  of  the  finest  am- 
ateur violinists  in  Europe.  He  possessed  the 
finest  collection  of  violins  in  Great  Britain. 
Died  in  January,  1887. 

Blower,  John  Henry,  bass  vocalist,  born 
at  Wolverhampton.  Studied  at  the  National 
Training  School  for  Music,  under  J.  B.  Welch. 
He  sang  in  concerts  in  Birmingham  and 
district  from  about  1878 ;  appeared  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  Concerts,  April  15th,  1882,  and 
at  the  Leeds  Festival  of  1883.  Afterwards  he 
gave  himself  up  to  teaching,  and  is  now  a 
Professor  at  the  B.C.M.  Miss  Clara  Butt  was 
for  some  time  his  pupil. 

Bloxsome,  Charles,  author  of  "  Elemen- 
tary practice  for  the  Vocal  Student,"  Lend., 
1857  ;  "  Elements  of  singing,  chord  and  scale 
exercises  to  develop  the  voice,"  London,  n.d. 
BIyth,  Benjamin,  composer  and  organist, 
who  graduated  Mus.  Doc,  Oxford,  in  1833. 
He  composed  church  music,  "A  Sanctus,  two 
jubilates,  and  eight  double  chants,"  London, 
1841.  Pf.  music,  and  songs.  His  son,  Benjamin 
Blyth,  was  organist  of  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford.  M.A.,  Oxford.  Died  at  Whitchurch, 
Oxford,  July  20th,  1883,  aged  58. 

Boardman,  John  George.  Published 
"  Sacred  Music,  a  selection  of  psalm  tunes," 
London,  1844.  Thomas  James  Boardman 
issued  a  "  Collection  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes, 
ancient  and  modern,"  London,  1854 ;  "  The 
Copious  Tune  Book,  a  collection  of  psalm  and 
hymn  tunes,"  London  [I860].  Two  editions. 
He  also  composed  songs,  etc. 

Bodda,  Louisa  Fanny,  see  Pyne,  Louisa 
Fanny. 

Bogue,  Christina  W.,  see  Morison, 
Christina  W. 

Bokwe,  John  Knox,  Kaffir  composer. 
Secretary  of  the  Lovedalc  Institution,  Cape 
Colony.  ComiJoser  of  Kaffir  hymn  tunes,  and 
a  book  of  part-songs,  of  which  the  type-setting 


BOOTH. 

and  the  whole  production  were  the  work  of 
coloured  sol-faists. 

Bolton,  Thomas,  musician  and  teacher, 
who  flourished  circa  1760-1820.  He  issued 
"Collection  of  Lessons,  songs,  etc.,  for  the 
harp,  lute,  or  lyre,"  London,  1797  ;  "  Collec- 
tion of  airs,  marches,  dances,  etc.,  adapted 
for  the  pf.,  with  accompaniments  for  the  lyre 
or  lute,"  London,  1806  ;  Six  Rondeaus,  three 
songs,  etc.,  op.  3  ;  "  Select  collection  of  songs 
and  airs  arranged  for  the  harp,  lute,  etc," 
1815;  "Treatise  on  singing,"  London,  1810. 

Mary  Catherine  Bdlton  (who  became 
Lady  Thurlow,  in  1813),  a  soprano  vocalist. 
Born,  London,  1790,  died,  Southampton, 
September  28th,  1830  ;  and  Eliza  Bolton, 
her  sister,  who  was  also  a  soprano  singer, 
appearing  at  concerts  about  the  same  time, 
were  probably  daughters  of  Thomas  Bolton. 

Bond,  Capel,  composer  and  organist,  lived 
in  Coventry  during  middle  of  last  century. 
He  was  organist  and  conductor  of  the  first 
Birmingham  ]\Iusical  Festival,  1768,  and  died 
in  1790. 

Works. — Six  anthems  in  score,  one  of  which 
is  for  Christmas  Day,  1769.  Six  concertos 
for  4  violins,  tenor,  and  'cello,  with  thorough 
bass,  1766.     Glees  and  songs. 

Bond,  Hugh,  organist  and  composer,  was 
born  at  Exeter  in  the  beginning  of  the  18th 
century.  Lay-vicar  Exeter  Cathedral,  1762. 
Organist  of  Church  of  St.  Mary  Arches.  He 
died  in  1792. 

Works. — Twelve  hymns  and  four  anthems, 
for  four  voices,  London,  1776 ;  The  psalms  of 
David ;  also  an  appendix  containing  select 
hjanns,  London,  1780.     Glees  and  songs. 

Bond,  Jessie,  vocalist  and  actress,  born 
in  Liverpool,  daughter  of  John  Bond,  piano- 
forte mechanician  of  that  city.  Appeared  at 
Hope  Hall  as  a  pianist  at  the  age  of  eight, 
and  was  educated  as  a  pianist  at  the  B.A.M. 
But  developing  a  contralto  voice  she  took  to 
singing,  and  became  a  pupil  of  Manuel  Garcia. 
She  sang  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  at  Riviere's 
Concerts,  and  in  the  provinces.  She  was  the 
original  Hebe  in  "H.M.S.  Pinafore";  and 
since  then  has  filled  a  round  of  characters  in 
the  Gilbert  and  Sullivan  operas  at  the  Savoy 
Theatre. 

Bond=Andrews,  see  Andrews  (J.  C.  Bond). 
Bonnyboots.     English  singer  and  dancer 
of  much  fame  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth 
bore  this  nickname.     He  is  noticed  in  Haw- 
kins' "  History'f'of  Music." 

Booth,  Josiah,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  Coventry,  IMarch  27,  1852.  Studied 
under  the  late  Edward  Sims,  Coventry  ;  Dr. 
James  Taylor,  Oxford  ;  and  later,  at  the  R.A.M. 
under  Brinley  Richards,  and  G.  A.]\Iacfarren, 
Appointed  organist  at  Banbury,  1867,  and  has 
been  since  1877,  organist  and  choirmaster  at 
Park  Chapel,  Crouch  End. 


54 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BOOTH. 

Works. — Oratorios,  Nehemiah  (produced 
1885) ;  Cantata,  The  Day  of  Rest,  for  female 
voices.  School  operettas ;  The  Babes  in  the 
Wood  ;  Dick  Whittington  ;  and  The  six  Prin- 
cesses. Church  Services ;  Anthems,  Grant, 
we  beseech  Thee ;  Thou  crownest  the  year, 
and  others.  Hymn-tunes  and  chants.  Part- 
songs  ;  The  Mighty  Caravan  (produced  by 
Henry  Leslie's  Choir,  1883)  Album  of  twelve 
songs,  &c.,  &c.  Musical  editor  of  Parts  II. 
and  III.  of  the  Congregational  Church  Hj-ni- 
nal,  and  author  of  Everybody's  Guide  to 
Music,  London,  Saxon. 

Booth,  Robert,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  St.  Andrews,  December  29,  1862. 
Studied  at  the  Madras  School  there,  and 
under  different  masters.  Organist,  Holy  Trin- 
ity Church,  Kilmarnock,  1880,  and  for  some 
time  musical  director  of  Kihnarnock  Opera 
House.  In  1887,  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  Coltness  Slemorial  Church, 
Kewmaius. 

Works. — Festival  Service  in  G ;  Gloria  in 
Excelsis ;  Anthem,  The  Lord  is  my  Shepherd  ; 
Operetta,  Sisters  Three;  or  Britannia's  Heroes, 
for  principals,  chorus  and  orchestra ;  Eight- 
part  song,  with  solo,  Lochinvar ;  School  Song- 
book,  in  three-part  harmony — .s}Tnphony,  and 
overture,  orchestra  ;  Intermezzo,  Ma\"pole 
dance,  for  strings.  Waltzes,  for  pf.  and  or- 
chestra. Author  of  a  book  on  INIusical  Theory, 
and  other  didactic  works. 

Borton,  Alice,  pianist,  and  composer. 
Educated  at  R.A.M.,  of  which  she  is  an  Asso- 
ciate. Has  composed  Sacred  Choral  Music, 
and  songs  ;  an  Andante  and  Rondo  for  pf .  and 
orchestra  ;  Suite  in  the  olden  style,  pf. ;  Three 
Scotch  pieces,  etc. 

Borwick,  W.  Leonard,  pianist,  born  at 
Walthanistow,  Essex,  February  26,  1868. 
Comes  of  an  old  Staffordshire  family,  many 
members  of  which  were  musical.  His  dis- 
position for  music  was  shewn  at  a  verj'  early 
age ;  and  after  some  years  of  study  under 
London  masters,  he  entered  the-  Hoch  Con- 
servatoriuni,  Frankfort,  1884,  where  he  was  a 
pupil  of  iladame  Schiunann  for  five  years. 
He  also  studied  composition  with  Bernard 
Scholz  and  Iwan  Knorr.  His  dehut  took  place 
at  the  Museum  Concerts,  Frankfort,  Novem- 
ber 8,  1889,  when  he  played  the  solo  part  in 
Beethoven's  E  flat  Concerto.  His  success 
was  so  marked  that  he  was  engaged  for  the 
London  Philharmonic  Concerts,  and  he  made 
his  first  appearance  in  England,  ]\Iay  8,  3  890, 
playing  Schumann's  Concerto.  He  appeared 
at  the  Richter,  Crystal  Palace,  and  Popular 
Concerts,  St.  James's  Hall,  the  same  year ; 
and  has  now  been  heard  at  the  principal 
musical  centres  in  Britain,  and  Germany, 
ranking  with  the  great  pianists  of  the  day. 

Bosanquet,  R.  H.  M.,  Fellow  of  St. 
John's  College,  Oxford.     Author  of  "  An  Ele- 


BOWDLER. 

mentary  treatise  on  musical  intervals  and 
temperament,  London,  1876 ;  also  of  various 
papers  read  before  the  jSIusical  Association 
(1874) ;  the  College  of  Organists ;  and  the 
R.A.INI.  In  1881,  he  accepted  the  professor- 
ship of  acoustics,  R.A.^M. 

Botting,  Herbert  William,  composer, 
organist  and  pianist,  born  at  Brighton,  IMarch 
28,  1869.  Studied  for  two  years  with  Dr.  F. 
J.  Sawyer,  during  which  time  he  obtained  the 
diploma  of  F.R.C.O. ;  then  proceeded  to  Leip- 
zig Conservatorium,  and  on  his  return  was 
articled  to  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge,  of  Westminster 
Abbey.  Graduated  :\Ius.  B.,  Durham,  1891. 
In  Leipzig,  he  held  the  post  of  organist  and 
choirmaster  at  the  English  Church  (1888) ;  in 
1891,  he  was  appointed  to  St.  Luke's,  South- 
port,  and  four  years  later  to  St.  Nicholas, 
Brighton,  and  finally  to  St.  Augustine's, 
Preston  Park,  Brighton,  1896.  He  is  founder 
and  conductor  of  the  Preston  Park  Choral  and 
Orchestral  Society ;  and  is  known  as  a  pianist, 
organist,  and  horn  player.  His  compositions 
comprise  an  Ode,  Christ's  Nativity,  for  so- 
prano solo,  chorus  and  orchestra  (Univ.  ex.) ; 
The  Chase,  and  The  Return  of  Spring,  for 
soli,  chorus  and  orchestra ;  A  Spring  Idyll, 
for  orchestra ;  pieces  for  pf.,  organ,  violin, 
violoncello  ;  songs,  etc. 

Bottomley,  Joseph,  composer,  organist, 
and  pianist,  was  born  at  Halifax,  Yorkshire, 
1786.  Studied  in  Manchester,  under  Grim- 
shaw.  Watts,  Yaniewicz ;  and  at  Leeds,  tmder 
Lawton,  to  whom  he  was  articled  pupil.  He 
afterwards  studied  pf.  under  Woelfl,  at  Lon- 
don. Organist  of  Parish  Church  of  Bradford, 
1807 ;  organist  of  Parish  Church,  Sheffield, 
1820.     He  died  after  1850. 

WoEKS. — Dictionary  of  Music,  London, 
1816.  New  Svstem  of  Practising  and  Teach- 
ing the  Pianoforte,  Sheffield,  n.d.  [1847].  Six 
Exercises  for  the  pf.  Rondos  and  airs  for  pf. 
Divertissements  for  pf.  and  flute.  Twelve 
Sonatinas  for  pf.     Songs,  Glees,  etc. 

Bourne,  C.  E.,  author  of  "The  great 
composers,  or  stories  of  the  lives  of  eminent 
musicians,"  London,  1884.  He  has  also 
written  a  number  of  popular  works  on  bio- 
graphy, etc. 

Bowdler,  Cyril  William,  composer,  of 
Welsh  descent  on  the  maternal  side,  born  in 
Yorkshire,  September  28th,  18-39.  As  a  boy, 
he  studied  music  under  Dr.  John  Camidge, 
of  York,  and  subsequently  with  Sir  R.  Prescott 
Stewart,  whose  pupil  he  remained  for  a  long 
period.  Graduated  Mus.  B.  and  B.A.,  Dublin, 
1864,  and  LL.D.,  Dublin,  1896.  For  two 
j'ears,  1877-9,  he  was  hon.  organist  at  All 
Saints',  Aldershot ;  but  he  is  chiefly  devoted 
to  composition. 

Works. — ]\Iusic  for  the  divine  liturgy  of 
St.  John  Chrysostom  (Greek,  1864);  complete 
church  services  in  E,  F,  G,  B  flat,  and  C ; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


55 


BOWIE. 

numerous  anthems,  hjinn  tunes,  etc. ; 
"Imelda,"  three-act  Italian  opera ;  Cantata — 
The  descent  of  spring;  songs,  organ  and  pf. 
pieces,  etc. 

Bowie,  John,  violinist  and  composer. 
Was  born  near  Perth,  in  1759,  and  died  there 
in  1815.  He  pubUshed  about  the  end  of  last 
century  a  "  Collection  of  strathspey  reels  and 
country  dances,  with  a  bass  for  the  violoncello 
or  harpsichord.  Dedicated  to  the  Countess 
of  Kinnoul,"  Edinburgh  [1789].  He  also  pub- 
lished several  dance  tunes  on  single  sheets. 
He  was  engaged  as  a  music-seUer  in  Perth, 
and  gave  balls  in  conjunction  with  his  brother. 

His  brother  Peter  (1763-1846),  was  also  a 
viohnist,  and  a  teacher  of  the  pianoforte. 

Bowley,  Robert  Kanzow,  musician, 
was  born  in  London,  May,  1813,  and  died  in 
August,  1870.  Author  "of  "  Grand  Handel 
Musical  Festival  at  the  Crystal  Palace  in  1857, 
a  Letter,"  London,  1856.  "  The  Sacred  Har- 
monic Society,  a  thirty-five  years  retrospect," 
London,  1867.  This  musician  was  connected 
with  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  and  he 
assisted  in  establishing  the  Greab  Handel 
Celebrations  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  London. 

Bowling,  a  family  of  musicians.  The 
father,  John  Bowling,  organist,  violinist,  and 
pianist,  was  born  at  Leeds,  November  11th, 
1820.  At  the  age  of  eleven  he  was  appoiiated 
organist  of  Heckmondwike  parish  church, 
and  afterwards  filled  the  office  of  organist  of 
East  Parade  chapel,  Leeds,  for  34  years.  He 
was  conductor  of  musical  societies  in  several 
Yorkshire  to^\Tis,  and  of  the  Leeds  Madrigal 
and  Motet  Society.  He  died  at  Leeds,  April 
16th,  1882. 

His  son,  John  Pew  Bowling,  born  at 
Leeds,  May  26th,  1851,  was  considered  the 
finest  pianist  in  the  county.  He  was  also  an 
able  violinist,  and  organist,  holding  an  ap- 
pointment at  All  Souls'  (Hook  Memorial) 
Church.  Was  the  first  Principal  of  the  York- 
shire CoUege  of  Music,  Leeds,  and  conductor 
of  the  Leeds  Amateur  Orchestral  Society,  and 
the  Huddersfield  Orpheus  Society.  He  died 
at  Leeds,  July  6th,  1886. 

James  Whewall  Bowling,  the  youngest 
son,  was  born  at  Leeds,  January  6th,  1860. 
Besides  being  an  excellent  pianist  and  organ- 
ist, he  showed  much  ability  as  a  composer. 
He  succeeded  his  brother  as  Principal  of  the 
CoUege  of  Music,  and  was  organist  to  Lady 
Mary  VjTier,  Skelton,  near  Ripon.  His  com- 
positions comprised  six  songs  ;  four  songs  for 
tenor,  Op.  5  ;  a  second  set  of  four  songs ;  suite, 
Op.  3,  for  pianoforte,  etc.  He  died  Ddcember 
13th,  1888,  under  mournful  circumstances. 
His  health  being  delicate,  he  was  spending  the 
winter  in  Switzerland  (the  Engadine).  Skat- 
ing on  the  lake  near  the  hotel,  one  of  the 
party  fell  through  the  ice,  and  Bowhng  was 
drowned  in  attempting  a  rescue. 


BOYCE. 

Bowman,  Henry,  composer,  flourished 
during  latter  half  of  17th  century.  Wrote 
"  Songs  for  one,  two,  and  three  voyces  to  the 
Thorow-Bass.  With  some  short  Symphonies. 
Collected  out  of  some  of  the  select  poems  of 
the  incomparable  Mr.  Cowley,  and  others, 
and  composed  by  Henry  Bowman,  Philo- 
Musicus,"  Oxford.  1677. 

Bowman,  Rev.  Thomas,  amateur  musi- 
cian, born  in  1728.  He  was  vicar  of  ^lartham, 
Norfolk,  and  died  in  1792.  He  composed  "  A 
collection  of  English  odes,  cantatas,  songs, 
etc."  London,  1760.     Single  songs,  etc. 

Box,  Charles,  author  of  "  Church  music 
in  the  Metropolis,  its  past  and  present  condi- 
tion, %vith  notes  critical  and  explanatory," 
London,  1884. 

Boyce,  Ethel  Mary,  composer  and  pian- 
ist, born  at  Chertsey,  Surrey,  October  5th, 
1863.  Daughter  of  George  Buyce,  J. P. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.,  pianoforte  under  Walter 
Macfarren,  and  composition  under  P.  W. 
Davenport.  Was  Lady  Goldsmid  Scholar, 
1885;  Potter  Exhibitioner,  1886;  won  the 
Sterndale  Bennett  Prize  the  same  year,  and 
the  Lucas  Medal  for  composition,  1889.  Res- 
ident in  Chertsey  as  composer  and  teacher. 
Associate,  R.A.M. ,  1890. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  The  Lay  of  the  brown 
rosary  (Mrs.  Bro\vning),  1890;  Young  Loch- 
invar,  1891 ;  The  sands  of  Corriemie,  female 
voices,  1895 ;  March  in  E,  orchestra,  West- 
minster Orchestral  Society,  1889 ;  Eight  pieces, 
violin  and  pianoforte  (Novello's  albums). 
Songs — "  So  she  went  drifting,"  and  others. 
Part-songs:  "Love  has  come,"  etc.  Piano- 
forte pieces  :  "To  PhyUis "  ;  Short  pieces  for 
children,  etc. 

Boyce,  William,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  in  London,  1710.  Chorister  in  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral  under  Charles  King.  Arti- 
cled pupil  to  Maurice  Greene,  organist  of  St. 
Paul's.  Organist  of  St.  Peter's,  Vere  Street, 
1734.  Studied  under  Dr.  Popusch.  Organisj 
(in  succession  to  Kelway)  of  St.  Michael's, 
CornhUl,  1736-68.  Composer  to  Chapel  Royal 
and  the  King,  June,  1736.  Conductor  at 
meetings  of  choirs  of  Gloucester,  Hereford, 
and  Worcester,  1737.  Organist  of  Allhallows 
the  Great  and  the  Less,  Thames  Street,  1749- 
69.  Bac.  and  Doc.  of  Music,  Cambridge,  1749. 
Master  of  Royal  Band  of  Music,  1775.  One 
of  the  organists  to  Chapel  Royal,  1758.  He 
died  at  Kensington,  London,  February  7th, 
1779.     Buried  in  crypt,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 

Works.— Peleus  and  Thotis,  masque,  by 
Lord  Lansdo^vne,  17  ?  ;  Solomon,  serenata  by 
Dr.  Edward  Moore,  1747;  The  Chaplet,  a 
musical  drama,  London,  1745 ;  David's 
lamentation  over  Saul  and  Jonathan,  oratorio, 
by  Lockman,  1736 ;  Ode  for  St.  Cecilia's  Day, 
by  Lockman ;  Ode  for  St.  Cecilia's  Day,  by 
Vidal;  Music  to  the  Shepherd's  Lottery,  1750; 


56 


BEITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BOYCE. 

Ode  for  the  Installation  of  the  Duke  of  New-  j 
castle  as  Chancellor  of  Cambridge  University, 
1749 ;  Fifteen  anthems  and  a  te  deum  and 
jubilate,  1780;  Collection  of  twelve  anthems 
and  a  service,  1790 ;  Ode  to  charity ;  Pindar's 
first  Pythian  ode,  1749 ;  Masque  iii  the  Tem- 
pest. Cathedral  music,  being  a  collection  in 
score  of  the  most  valuable  and  useful  compo- 
sitions for  that  service,  etc.  [containing 
examples  of  Aldrich,  Batten,  Bevin,  Byrd, 
Blow,  Bull,  Child,  Jer.  Clark,  Crcyghton, 
Croft,  Farrant,  Gibbons,  Goldwin,  Humphreys, 
King  Henry  VIII.,  Lawes,  Locke,  Morley, 
Purcell,  Rogers,  Tallis,  Turner,  Tve,  Weldon, 
and  Wise]  London,  3  vols,  fol.,  1760-78  ;  second 
edition,  with  memoir  by  Sir  J.  Hawkins,  1778, 
also  editions  by  V.  Novello  and  J.  Warren, 
1849.  Eight  SATuphonies  for  various  instru- 
ments ;  Twelve  sonatas  for  two  violins  and 
bass,  1749.  Organ  concerto.  Lyra  Britannica, 
Collection  of  songs,  duets,  and  cantatas,  u.d. 
Overtures.  Songs,  duets,  etc.,  in  contempo- 
rary collections. 

Boyce,  William,  only  son  of  the  above, 
was  born  ]March  25th,  1764.  He  was  intended 
for  the  church,  and  sent  to  Oxford  ;  but  com- 
mitting some  irregularity,  was  obliged  to  quit 
that  university  without  obtaining  a  degree. 
He  then  became  a  double-bass  player  at  the 
opera  and  principal  concerts,  and  was  in  the 
orchestra  at  the  Birmingham  Festivals,  1802-5. 
Considerable  property  coming  to  him,  he  lived 
in  retirement  some  years  before  his  death, 
which  took  place  earh'  in  1824. 

Boyd,  Henry,  musician  of  18th  century, 
was  a  teacher  of  psalmody  and  precentor  in 
the  Methodist  Chapel,  John  Street,  Glasgow. 
He  died  at  Glasgow,  November  17th,  1792. 

He  compiled  "  A  select  collection  of  psalm  ' 
and  h\-mu  times  in  three  ^mrts,  adapted  to  a 
great  variety  of  measures,  to  which  is  prefixed 
an  introduction  to  the  art  of  singing."  .... 
Published  for  the  benefit  of  his  widow,  1793. 
Boyle,    Frank,    tenor  vocalist,   born   at 
Barnstaple,  August  13th,  1857.     His  father, 
\Yilliam  Boyle,  has  sinig  in  the  choir  of  Barn- 
staple Pai-ish  Church  from  his  boyhood,  and 
is  still  principal  alto  there.     Frank,  as  a  boy, 
displayed  musical  talent.     His  father  taught 
him  singing,  and  he  had  violin  lessons  from 
the   late   John   Edwards,  and  organ  lessons 
from  Dr.  J.  H.  Edwards.     Was  a  chorister  at 
Holy    Trinity    Church,    and,    after    leaving 
school,  entered  a  newspaper  office,  singing,  at 
times,  at  local  concerts.     He  soon  decided  to 
devote   himself  to  music,  and   winning  the 
Corporation  of  London  Scholarshij),  entered 
the  National   Training   School,  South  Ken- 
sington.    While  there  he  sang  as  principal 
tenor    at    St.    Matthias,    Stoke    Newington. 
Sang  in  the  IMessiah  at  the  Albert  HaU,  CTOod 
Friday,  1880,  and  at  the  promenade  concerts 
the  same  year.     In  1882,  was  engaged  for  the 


BRADFORD. 

Hereford  Festival.  Joined  D'Oyly  Carte's 
Opera  Company  ;  toured  in  Australia,  1885-6; 
on  his  return  rejoined  D'Oyly  Carte,  and  sang 
in  George  Edwards'  English  Opera  Company. 
In  1891  his  health  broke  down.  He  burst  a 
blood  vessel  in  the  lungs,  and  died  at  Barn- 
staple, February  6th,  1892. 

Boys,  Henry,  composer  and  teacher,  was 
born  about  1806,  and  died  at  Margate,  Febru- 
ary 8th,  1851.  He  composed  Cupid  and 
Campaspe,  a  cantata,  1842,  and  the  foUo^ving 
glees  :  Friar  Tuck ;  The  pearl  divers ;  Smug- 
gler's chaunt ;  War-boat  song  of  the  Crusaders, 
etc. 

Bradberry,  Qervas,  amateur  composer, 
was  born  about  1776,  died  at  Pentonville, 
London,  December  29th,  1862.  He  composed 
glees  and  songs,  and  harmonized  a  number 
of  glees  by  other  composers,  as  "  Twenty-four 
select  melodies  of  eminent  composers  harmon- 
ized for  three  voices,"  London  [1825]. 

Bradbury,  Orlando,  vocalist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  about  1805.  He  was  a  Gen- 
tleman of  the  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James'  Palace, 
London ;  lay-vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey,  and 
a  bass  singer  of  some  note.  He  died  at 
London,  December  14th,  1872.  Composer  of 
ballads  and  other  vocal  music. 

Brade,  William,  composer  and  viol -player, 
who  flourished  about  beginning  of  17th  cen- 
tury, and  died  at  Frankfort  in  1647.  He 
published  Paditanen,  galliarden,  canzonetten, 
etc.,  1609 ;  Neue  Paduanen  imd  gagliarden 
mit  stimmen,  1614 ;  Neue  Lustige  Vol  ten 
Couranten,  Balletten,  etc. 

Bradford,  Jacob,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Bow,  London,  June  3,  1842.  Chor- 
ister, St.  Paul's,  Walworth.  To  a  great  extent 
self-taught  in  music,  but  was  a  pupil  of  Sir 
John  Goss,  and  Dr.  Steggall.  Assistant  or- 
ganist to  Scotson  Clark  at  St.  Helens,  and  St. 
Ethelburga,  Bishopsgate ;  and  at  the  age  of 
twenty,  gained  the  appointment  of  organist 
at  St.  Philip's,  Kenuiugton.  Graduated  Mus. 
B.,  1873;  Mus.  D.,  1878,  Oxford.  Organist, 
St.  James's,  Hatcham,  1868-75,  and  conductor 
of  orchestral  services  he  introduced  there; 
and,  after  holding  \arious  appointments,  went 
to  St.  ]\Iary's,  Newington,  in  1892,  holding 
that  position  to  the  present  time.  Was  music 
master  at  the  Royal  Naval  School,  New  Cross, 
1881-90;  and  is  a  professor  at  West  Kent 
Grammar  School,  and  conductor  of  the  New- 
ington Choral  Society.  From  1882  he  was 
for  some  years  Hon.  Sec.  to  the  Musical  Artists' 
Society.  Has  contributed  articles  to  Musical 
News,  and  other  papers. 

Works. — Oratorio,  Judith  (produced,  St. 
James's  HaU,  Feb.  28,  1888);  Cantata,  The 
Song  of  Jubilee,  Op.  44  ;  Cantata,  Praise  the 
Lord;  Harvest  Cantata;  Anthems,  Church 
Services,  etc.  Sinfonia  Ecclesiastica,  for 
I  double  choir  and  orchestra  ;  overtures,  etc.. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


57 


BRADLEY. 

in  MS.  Trio  in  E  flat,  pf .  and  strings ;  organ 
Sonata  in  C  minor,  Op.  47,  etc.  Compiler  of 
The  Music  Pupil's  Register  (Novello). 

Bradley,  Charles,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Wakefield,  October  20,  1846.  Trained 
under  R.  S.  Burton,  Dr.  P.  Amies  and  F.  W. 
Davenport.  Organist  successively  of  St.  Mic- 
hael's, Wakefield,  1856-66 ;  St.  Paul's,  Middles- 
brough, 1871-82;  St.  George's,  Edinburgh, 
1882-85  ;  Abbey  Parish  Church,  1885-87  ;  and 
South  Leith  Parish  Church,  1887.  He  was 
organist  to  the  Edinburgh  Choral  Union,  from 
1883  to  1890.  Composer  of  anthems  and  other 
Church  music,  songs,  and  organ  music. 

Bradley,  Frank  H.,  organist  and  pianist, 
born  in  Birmingham.  Pupil  of  A.  Deakin, 
and  A.  R.  Gaul.  Organist  of  St.  Barnabas, 
Birmingham,  1867 ;  at  Stoke-on-Trent ;  Quebec 
Cathedral,  Canada;  professor  of  music,  and 
organist,  TettenhaU  College,  Wolverhampton  ; 
St.  John's,  Wilton  Road,  London ;  St.  And- 
rews, West  Kensington  (1884).  Has  given 
organ  and  pianoforte  recitals  in  Birmingham, 
Paris,  South  Kensington  International  Ex- 
hibition, 1883  ;  at  the  Kimberley  Exhibition, 
South  Africa,  1892-3 ;  also  in  Australia,  and 
was  accompanist  and  conductor  during  Mr. 
Santley's  tour  in  Australia,  1889-90. 

Bradley,  Joseph,  pianist  and  conductor, 
bcrn  at  Hyde,  Cheshire,  February  28,  1857. 
At  twelve,  he  was  organist  at  St.  Paul's,  Staly- 
bridge  ;  and  two  years  later  at  Heaton  Chapel, 
Manchester;  F.R.C.0.,1873  ;  Mus.B.,  Oxford, 
1875.  For  six  years,  1881-7,  he  was  organist  and 
deputy  chorus-master  to  Sir  Charles  Halle  at 
Manchester,  and  conductor  of  societies  at 
Stockport,  Stalybridge,  and  other  places.  In 
1887,  he  was  appointed  chorus-master  to  the 
Glasgow  Choral  Union,  and  later,  conductor  of 
the  Choral  Concerts.  He  composed  "A  Song 
of  Praise,"  for  chorus  and  orchestra,  expressly 
for  performance  when  the  Queen  visited  Glas- 
gow Exhibition  in  August,  1888. 

Bradley,  Orton,  pianist  and  conductor, 
born  at  Greenwich,  December  11th,  1858. 
Educated  at  Harrow,  and  Hertford  College, 
Oxford.  Pupil  of  John  Farmer  ;  scholar  and 
organist  of  his  college  ;  graduated  M.A.,  with 
classical  honours.  Organist,  King  Edward's 
School,  Bromsgrove,  1891,  for  one  year.  From 
1887  to  1898,  held  the  position  of  Musical 
Director  to  the  People's  Palace,  London,  and 
was  the  first  conductor  of  the  National 
Sunday  League  Choir.  As  a  pianist,  he  has 
devoted  much  attention  to  the  compositions 
of  Brahms.  In  1893  he  went  to  New  York, 
where  he  gained  a  distinguished  position  as 
conductor  and  pianist.  His  settings  of  poems 
by  Jean  Ingelow,  and  Rossetti  (The  Blessed 
Damosel),  for  recitation,  have  been  perfonned 
at  the  Lyric  Club  [1886]. 

Bradshaw,  Ann  Maria,  born  Tree, 
soprano  vocalist  and  actress,  born  at  London, 


BRAINE. 

in  August,  1801.  She  first  appeared  in  the 
"  Barber  of  Seville "  at  Covent  Garden,  in 
1818,  and  continued  to  act  and  sing  in  public 
till  1825,  when  she  married  Mr.  James  Brad- 
shaw, and  retired.  She  was  sister  to  Ellen 
Tree  the  actress. 

Bradshaw,  Ralph,  musician  and  com- 
piler, was  born  in  Bolton  about  1776.  He 
died  in  1832.  Issued  "  Twenty-four  psalm  and 
hymn  tunes,  composed  and  arranged  for  four 
voices  .  .  ."  [1820].  A  Second  set  of  psalm  or 
hpnn  tunes,  London  [1825]. 

Brady,  Nicholas,  divine  and  poet,  born 
at  Bandon,  1659,  died  at  Richmond,  Surrey, 
1726.  He  was  associated  with  Tate  in  the 
production  of  a  metrical  version  of  the  Psalms 
of  David.  He  also  wrote  "  Church  music 
vindicated;  a  sermon  preached  at  St.  Bride's 
Church  on  Monday,  November  22nd,  1697, 
being  St.  Csecilia's  Day,  the  anniversary  feast 
of  the  lovers  of  musick,"  London,  1697. 

Braham,  John,  tenor  vocalist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  of  Jewish  parents, 
1774  [1772].  He  studied  under  Leoni,  and 
first  ajDpeared  at  the  Royalty  Theatre,  W'ell- 
close  Square,  London,  1787.  He  appeared  at 
Covent  Garden,  April  21st,  1787,  and  sang  at 
Bath  in  1794,  where  he  studied  under  Rauz- 
zini.  He  sang  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre  in  1796, 
and  afterwards  travelled  in  Italy,  and  appeared 
at  Florence,  Rome,  Naples,  Milan,  Genoa, 
Venice,  etc.,  with  Mrs.  Billington  and  others. 
While  in  Italy  he  studied  under  Isola,  and  in 
1801  he  returned  to  London,  where  he 
re-appeared  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre.  He 
married  Miss  Bolton,  of  Ardwick,  in  1816. 
He  sang  as  Huon  in  Weber's  Oberon,  in  1826. 

Lost  his  fortune  by  failure  of  several  spec- 
ulations, 1851.  Died  at  London,  February 
17th,  1856. 

Works. — Music  to  Dramas  :  The  Cabinet, 
1801 ;  Family  Quarrels,  1802  ;  The  English 
Fleet,  1802  (containing  "All's  Well,"  duet, 
etc.) ;  Thirty  Thousand,  1804 ;  Out  of  Place, 
1805 ;  False  Alarms,  1807  ;  Kais,  or  Love  in  a 
Desert,  1808  (with  Reeve) ;  The  Devil's  Bridge 
(with  C.  E.  Horn),  1812;  The  Paragraph; 
Narensky,  or  The  Road  to  Yarostaf ;  'The 
Americans;  The  Magicians  (with  M.  P.  King). 
Single  songs,  glees,  etc.   Death  of  Nelson,  song. 

His  sons,  John  Hamilton  Br.\ham  (London, 
1818;  Rochester,  December  22nd,  1862),  and 
Charles  Bamfylde  (London,  1822;  London, 
June  11th,  1884),  were  both  vocalists,  the 
former,  a  baritone,  who  first  appeared  at  the 
Hanover  Square  Rooms,  November  2nd,  1843 ; 
and  the  latter,  a  tenor.  His  grandson,  Edward 
B.  Brahaji,  appeared  as  a  'cellist  in  1885. 

Braine,  William  Richard,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  London,  November  8, 1829  ; 
died  there  February  19,  1865.  Was  for  18 
years  organist  of  St.  Barnabas,  Kensington. 
Compiler  of  "  The  St.  Barnabas  Music  Book," 


58 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BRANSCOMBE. 

1850 ;  "  Hjinns  for  the  Church,  or  home 
circle,"  London,  1861.  Composer  of  duets, 
songs,  and  pf.  music. 

Branscombe,  Edward,  tenor  vocalist, 
born  at  Camberwoll,  London.  Studied  for 
three  years  at  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music  ; 
at  the  R.C.^I.  for  two  years,  under  Blume, 
and  later  with  Sims  Reeves.  When  nineteen, 
he  was  appointed  choirmaster  and  assistant 
organist  of  St.  Paul's,  West  Brixbon,  and 
formed  the  Brixton  Orpheus  Glee  Club.  A 
concert  he  gave  in  Brixton  Hall,  October  19, 
1885,  brought  him  into  notice  as  a  singer. 
In  1887,  he  was  appointed  to  the  Church  of 
St.  Andrew,  Wells  Street ;  and  in  December, 
1890,  lay-vicar,  Westminster  Abbey.  He  has 
sung  at  the  principal  London  concerts ;  at 
the  Crystal  Palace ;  and  in  the  chief  provin- 
cial centres.  He  married  Marie  Hootox, 
the  contralto  vocalist,  who  studied  at  the 
R.A.M.,  winning  the  Westmoreland  Scholar- 
ship, 1888,  and  the  Parepa  Rosa  Gold  Medal, 
1890.  The  artist  pair  now  rank  among  the 
most  successful  of  our  younger  singers. 

Braun,  Charles,  composer,  born  in  Liver- 
pool, 18GS,  where  his  father,  an  accomplished 
amateur,  was  partner  in  a  large  business  firm. 
He  was  educated  at  Clifton,  and  Cambridge. 
Studied  music  at  Leipzig,  under  Hans  Sitt. 
Resident  in  England,  and  engaged  in  co:n- 
position.  His  cantata,  "  Sir  Olaf,"  was  pro- 
duced at  the  Philharmonic  Hall,  Liverpool, 
March  5,  1889,  and  attracted  much  attention. 
In  December,  1890,  a  second  cantata, "  Sigurd," 
was  produced  with  success  at  the  same  place, 
both  performances  being  conducted  by  Mr. 
Rodewald,  an  amateur,  who  has  done  much 
for  music  in  Liverpool.  Charles  Braun  has 
written  a  good  many  songs,  and  is  now  en- 
gaged on  an  opera. 

Bray,  Mrs.  Anna  Eliza  (born  Kempe), 
writer,  born  at  St.  Mary,  Newington,  Surrey, 
December  25,  1790.  She  died  at  London, 
January  21,  1883.  Wrote  a  number  of  novels 
and  miscellaneous  works,  and  "Handel:  his 
Life,  Personal  and  Professional,  with  Thoughts 
on  Sacred  Music,"  London  (Ward  &  Co.,)  1857. 

Breakspeare,  Eustace  John,  composer, 
writer  and  pianist,  born  in  Birmingham,  April 
22,  1854.  Studied  under  S.  S.  Stratton.  Has 
appeared  at  concerts  in  Birmingham,  as  solo 
pianist  and  accompanist,  but  is  better  known 
as  a  writer  on  music.  He  has  read  papers  on 
"  Musical  Aesthetics,"  and  other  subjects,  at 
meetings  of  the  Musical  Association  (1880-2-3) ; 
the  College  of  Organists  (1883),  and  at  various 
institutions  in  Birmingham.  His  contributions 
to  the  Musical  Sta7idard,MusicalRecord, Musi- 
cal Times,  Musical  'Jpinion,  and  other  papers, 
are  very  numerous,  and  embrace  a  wide  range 
of  subject  matter.  He  has  written  a  Suite,  and 
many  pieces  for  pf.,  and  a  number  of  songs, 
but  hitherto  very  little  has  been  published. 


BREMA. 

Brechin,  William,  teacher,  and  inventor 
of  "  Brechin's  Stave  Sol-fa  Notation,"  was 
born  at  Brechin,  Forfar,  1824.  He  held  ap- 
pointments as  precentor  in  Montrose,  Forfar, 
Perth,  Leith,  and  Edinburgh.  The  principal 
feature  of  his  system  is  the  emplojTnent  of 
letters,  as  in  the  ordinary  Tonic  Sol-fa,  to 
represent  the  notes,  together  with  certain 
signs  to  mark  the  duration.  The  notes  are 
written  on  the  staff.  In  addition  to  the  in- 
vention of  the  Stave  Sol-fa  Notation,  Brechin 
has  edited  and  compiled  "Vocal  Exercises, 
Romids,  etc.,  in  the  Stave  Sol-fa  Notation, 
forming  a  short  course  of  Lessons  in  Sight 
Singing  in  the  key  of  F."  "  Congregational 
Music,  Psahns,  Hj'mus,  etc.,  in  Stave  Sol-fa  No- 
tation." "The  Standard  Scottish  Psalmody" 
(compiled  from  the  foregoing)  "  Exercises  in 
Sight  Singing";  "  School  Song  Books";  "The 
Stave  Sol-fa  Journal  "  (publishing  in  parts) 
containing  pieces  by  Croft,  Beethoven,  Mason, 
Stevenson,  Blow,  Handel,  etc."  ;  Two  Books 
of  Swedish  Songs. 

Breden,  Owen,  music  master  at  St. 
Mark's  College,  Chelsea,  was  born  at  Norwood 
in  1841.  He  was  for  five  years  a  pupil  teacher 
at  King's  Somborne  School,  Hants. ;  and  in 
1860,  gained  a  Queen's  Scholarship  at  St. 
Mark's  College,  as  a  student.  He  had  pre- 
viously learned  pianoforte  and  organ  playing ; 
and  as  the  organ  at  the  College  Chapel  was 
put  up  while  he  was  a  student,  he  has  played 
it  from  the  first,  and  continues  to  act  as 
organist  and  choirmaster.  He  became  suc- 
cessively master  of  the  upper  school,  tutor, 
and  vice-principal ;  and  in  1883,  gave  up  the 
last  to  undertake  the  musical  work.  For  this, 
he  had  qualified  himself  by  studjdng  piano- 
forte under  Dr.  Wylde,  organ  under  Dr.  E.  J. 
Hopkins,  and  singing  under  John  Elwin. 

Brekell,  John,  clergyman,  author  of 
"  A  Discourse  on  Musick,  chiefly  Church 
Musick ;  occasioned  by  the  opening  of  the  new 
Organ  in  St.  Peter's  Church  in  Liverpool  .  .  . 
Sermon,"  London,  1766. 

Brema,  Marie,  originally  Brejiee,  voca- 
list, mezzo-soprano,  a  native  of  Liverpool. 
She  studied  under  G.  Henschel,  and  made 
her  debut  at  the  Monday  Popular  Concerts, 
February  23,  1891.  Later  (October)  in  the 
same  year,  she  appeared  as  Lola  in  "  Cavalleria 
Rusticana,"  at  the  Shaftesbury  Theatre.  She 
first  sang  at  the  Philharmonic  Concerts,  April 
20,  1893,  and  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  March  24, 
1894.  She  was  engaged  for  the  BajTeuth 
performance  of  1894,  appearing  as  Ortrud, 
and  in  1896,  as  Fricka  and  Kundry.  Her  Fes- 
tival debut  took  place  at  Birmingham,  October 
3, 1895,  when  she  created  a  marked  impression 
by  her  dramatic  rendering  of  the  part  of  the 
Evil  Spirit  in  Hubert  Parry's  oratorio,  "King 
Saul."  She  now  ranks  among  the  leading 
singers  of  the  day. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


59 


BREMNER. 

Bremner,  Robert,  musician  and  pub- 
lisher, born  in  Scotland  about  1720  [1713]. 
He  was  a  pupil  of  Geminiani,  and  taught 
music  in  Edinburgh.  On  December  13,  1753, 
lie  gave  a  concert  in  the  High  School,  Leith. 
He  commenced  business  as  a  music-seller  and 
publisher  at  the  Golden  Harp,  opposite  the 
head  of  Blackfriars  Wynd,  Edinburgh,  in 
1754  ;  in  1755  he  changed  his  sign  to  the  Harp 
and  Hautboy ;  and  in  1759  he  removed  to 
another  shop  in  the  High  Street.  He  re- 
moved to  London,  and  opened  a  shop  with 
the  Harp  and  Hautboy  sign,  in  the  Strand, 
opposite  Somerset  House,  in  1762.  Both  busi- 
nesses were  carried  on  till  his  death,  the 
Edinburgh  one  being  managed  by  John  Bry- 
son,  who  succeeded  him.  He  died  at  Ken- 
sington Gore,  Loudon,  on  May  12,  1789. 

Works. — Collection  of  the  best  Church 
times,  in  four  parts.  Published  by  Robert 
Bremner,  by  order  of  the  Honourable  the 
Committee  for  improving  Church  music  in 
the  City  of  Edinburgh,  n.d.  Thirty  Scotch 
songs,  some  of  which  are  for  two  voices,  with 
a  thorough  bass  for  the  harpsichord  or  spin- 
net  .  .  .  The  words  from  Allan  Ramsay,  except 
a  few  never  before  printed.  Edin.  [1757]  A 
Second  Set  of  Scots  Songs,  Edin.,  n.d.  These 
were  re-issued  in  London  about  1762-65.  The 
Songs  in  the  Gentle  Shepherd,  adapted  to  the 
guitar,  Edin.  1759.  The  Vocal  Harmonists' 
Magazine,  being  a  collection  of  catches,  glees, 
canons,  and  canzonets,  London,  n.d.  The 
Freemasons'  Songs,  with  choruses  in  3  and  4 
parts  ...  to  which  is  added  some  other  songs 
proper  for  Lodges,  London  [1759] .  A  col- 
lection of  Scots  Reels,  or  Country  dances,  with 
a  bass  for  the  violoncello  or  harpsichord  .  .  , 
Edin.  [issued  in  8  parts,  1757-61]  A  second 
collection  of  Scots  Reels  or  Country  dances  .  .  . 
London  [2  parts,  1768] .  A  curious  collection 
of  Sects  tunes,  with  variations  for  the  violin, 
and  a  bass  for  the  violoncello  or  harpsichord, 
Edin.  759.  Rudiments  of  Music,  or  a  short 
and  easy  treatise  on  that  subject,  to  which  is 
added  a  collection  of  the  best  Church  tunes, 
canons  and  anthems.  Edin.  1756 ;  2nd  ed. 
Edin.,  1762;  3rd  ed.  London,  1763.  Instruc- 
tions for  the  guitar,  London,  n.d.  Thoughts 
on  the  performance  of  Concert  music  [pre- 
fixed to  Schetky's  Quartets,  Op.  6] ,  London, 
n.d.  The  Harpsichord  or  Spinnet  Miscellany, 
London  [1760] .  Select  concert  pieces  for  the 
Harpsichord  or  Pianoforte  .  .  .  London,  1780, 
pub.  in  ntmibers. 

Brent,  Charlotte,  see  Pinto,  Mrs. 

Brereton,  William  Henry,  bass  vocalist, 
born  at  Bedford,  in  1860.  Son  of  the  late 
Rev.  Canon  Brereton,  rector  of  St.  Clary's, 
Bedford.  Studied  under  Manuel  Garcia, 
R.A.M.,  1877-80;  with  Sebastian  Ronconi, 
Milan,  1881 ;  and  had  occasional  lessons  from 
the  late  J.  B.  Welch,  and  Alberto  Randegger, 


BREWSTER. 

1882,  and  later.  He  made  a  successful  debut 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  Saturday  Concerts,  Feb- 
ruary 18th,  1882,  and  appeared  at  the  Three 
Choirs  Festivals  in  turn,  at  Gloucester,  1883, 
Worcester,  1884,  and  Hereford,  1885,  and 
onwards.  He  sang  at  the  Leeds  Festival  for 
the  first  time,  in  1886 ;  at  the  Birmingham 
Festival,  in  1888,  in  which  year  he  was  also 
engaged  for  the  Handel  Festival  at  the  Crys- 
tal Palace.  Has  sung  at  the  principal  concerts 
in  the  United  Kingdom.  In  1882  he  was 
appointed  principal  bass  at  the  Foundling 
Hospital ;  to  St.  Raid's  Cathedral,  1886 ;  and 
a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James's, 
1887.  In  1884  he  married  Miss  Sarah  Ambler, 
a  soprano  vocalist,  who  has  been  heard  in 
London  concerts,  and  at  the  provincial 
festivals. 

Brett,  Harry,  authorof  The  Cornet,  scales, 
exercises,  etc.     (Novello's  primers,  No.  28). 

Brewer,  Alfred  Herbert,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Gloucester,  June  21st,  1865. 
Chorister  in  the  Cathedral,  and  pupil  of  Dr. 
C.  H.  Lloyd.  Educated  at  the  Cathedral 
School,  and  Exeter  College,  Oxford.  In  1882, 
was  elected  organist  of  St.  Giles'  Church, 
Oxford,  and  in  1883  gained  the  first  organ 
scholarship,  R.C.M.,  studj-ing  under  Walter 
Parratt,  and  other  masters.  At  the  end  of 
this  year  he  was  elected  Organ  Scholar  of 
Exeter  College,  Oxford  ;  was  appointed  to  St. 
Michael's,  Coventry,  in  1886 ;  in  September, 
1892,  organist  and  music  master  at  Tonbridge 
School ;  and  in  December,  1896,  organist  of 
Gloucester  Cathedral.  Beyond  his  organ 
work,  he  is  known  as  a  conductor,  the  Coven- 
try Musical  Society  having  been  under  his 
direction  for  some  years. 

Works. — Five  evening  services  (an  orches- 
tral setting  in  C,  composed  by  request,  and 
produced  at  the  Gloucester  Festival,  1895) ; 
anthems,  carols,  h}inn  tunes,  etc.  An  o^ev- 
etta,  Rosamond  ;  part-songs  (Song  and  sum- 
mer, Gloucester  Festival,  1892  ;  Sad  hearts, 
Hereford,  1894)  ;  school  song,  duets,  songs ; 
three  organ  pieces,  two  Romances,  violin  and 
pf.,  pieces  for  pf.  solo,  and  pf.  duets. 

Brewer,  Thomas,  composer,  flourished 
during  the  17th  century  [1610-80].  Educated 
at  Christ's  Hospital.  He  was  a  performer  on 
the  viol.     Dates  of  birth  and  death  unknown. 

Works. — Seven  fantasias  for  the  viol ; 
Rounds  and  catches  in  Hilton's  "  Catch  that 
catch  can  "  ;  Turn,  Amaryllis,  to  thy  Swain, 
part-song  in  Playford's  Musical  Companion. 

The  biography  of  this  composer  is  obscure. 
"  Turn,  Amaryllis,"  is  a  well-known  and 
pretty  piece. 

Brewster,  Henry,  writer.  Author  of  a 
"  Concise  Method  of  playing  thoroughbass," 
London,  1797.  Composer  of  a  Set  of  lessons 
for  the  harj)sichord  or  pf.,  op.  4, 1785.  Vaux- 
hall  and  grotto  songs,  London,  1771. 


60 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BRIAN. 

Brian,  see  Bkyxe  (A.) 

Briant,  Rowland,  organist.  Pupil  of 
R.A.iM.,  also  associate  and  professor  of  the 
organ  there.  F.C.O.  Organist  successively 
of  Eccleston  Square  Church ;  Westbourne 
Park  Chapel ;  and  New  Court  Chapel,  Tol- 
lington  Park.  Conductor  of  various  choral 
societies.  Composer  of  Hear  my  prayer ; 
Praise  ye  the  Lord  ;  Come  unto  me ;  Come 
now,  and  let  us  reason  together ;  and  other 
anthems. 

Bridge,  Frederick  Albert,  organist, 
vocalist,  lecturer  and  writer;  born  in  London, 
1841.  Choirmaster  and  solo  bass,  St.  An- 
drew's Undershaft ;  Organist,  St.  Martin's, 
Ludgate,  1873-8  ;  Choirmaster,  St.  Martin-in- 
the-Fields,  1878-82  ;  of  St.  John's,  Lewisham. 
Commenced  his  Musical  Monologue  Lecture 
Entertainment  in  1872.  Conductor  of  St. 
John's  Choral  Society,  Lewisham,  1885-91 ; 
and  of  the  North  West  London  Musical  and 
Dramatic  Societj'.  Author  of  A  Brief  history 
of  Mr.  Henry  Leslie's  choir  (London,  1880). 
Married,  in  1863,  IMiss  Elizabeth  Stirling 
(q.v.) 

Bridge,  John  Frederick,  composer,  or- 
ganist, and  didactic  writer,  born  at  Oldbury, 
Worcestershire,  December  5, 1844.  [His  father, 
John  Bridge,  was  for  many  years  a  lay-clerk 
at  Rochester  Cathedral,  and  an  original  mem- 
ber of  the  Choir  Benevolent  Fund.  He  died 
at  Chester,  September  1,  1893] .  Entered  Ro- 
chester Cathedral  as  a  chorister  in  1850,  and 
after  being  taught  for  some  time  by  his  father, 
was  articled  to  J.  Hopkins,  studving  later  with 
(Sir)  John  Goss.  F.R.C.O.,  1867;  Mus.  Bac, 
1868;  Mus.  D.,  Oxford,  1874.  Was  appointed 
organist  of  Trinity  Church,  Windsor,  1865 ; 
Manchester  Cathedral,  1869;  Professor  of  har- 
mony at  Owen's  College,  1872 ;  permanent 
deputy  organist  at  Westminster  Abbey,  1875, 
and.  after  the  death  of  James  Turle  (1882),  or- 
ganist and  master  of  the  choristers.  Conductor 
of  the  Highbury  Philharmonic  Society,  1878- 
86,  and  of  the  Western  Madrigal  Society. 
Examiner  in  Music,  Oxford  University,  1885, 
and  in  London  University,  1891 ;  Vice-Presi- 
dent, Trinity  College,  London,  1891.  Ap- 
pointed Gresham  Professor  of  Music,  May, 
1890,  the  scope  and  variety  of  the  "  Gresham 
Lectures"  being  greatly  extended  b)'  him. 
He  became  conductor  of  the  Royal  Choral 
Society  in  succession  to  Sir  Joseph  Barn  by  in 
1896.  During  his  tenure  of  oftice  at  West- 
minster Abbey  he  has  had  some  very  impor- 
tant functions  to  discharge.  He  arranged  all 
the  music  and  composed  a  special  anthem 
("Blessed be  the  Lord")  for  the  celebration  of 
the  Queen's  Jubilee,  June  21,  1887  ;  receiving 
the  thanks  of  Her  ^Majesty,  and  the  Silver 
Jubilee  Medal.  Other  notable  musical  ar- 
rangements were  those  for  the  funeral  of  Lord 
Tennyson  (October  12,  1892),  and  the  Purcell 


BRIDGEMAN. 

Commemoration  (November  21,  1895).  Dr. 
Bridge  is  Professor  of  Harmony  and  Counter- 
point, R.C.M. ;  Hon.  R.A.M.,  and  a  member 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  He  has  lectured 
on  musical  subjects  in  Birmingham  and  other 
places. 

Works. — Mount  Moriah,  oratorio  (1874); 
Boadicea,  cantata  (Highbury  Phil.  Soc,  May 
81,  1880)  ;  Hvmn  to  the  Creator  (Highbury, 
1883 ;  Worcester  Festival,  1884) ;  Rock  of  Ages 
(]\Ir.  Gladstone's  Latin  translation,  Birming- 
ham Festival,  1885) ;  Callirhoe,  cantata,  Bir- 
mingham, 1888 ;  The  Repentance  of  Nineveh, 
dramatic  oratorio  (book  by  Joseph  Bennett, 
Worcester  Festival,  1890) ;  The  Lord's  Prayer 
(from  Dante's  Purgatorio,  translated  by  Rev. 
E.  H.  Plumpton,  Gloucester,  1892) ;  The  Cradle 
of  Christ  (Stabat  Mater  Speciosa,  Hereford, 
1894);  choral  ballads.  The  Festival  (men's 
voices) ;  The  Inchcape  bell.  Church  services, 
anthems,  etc.  Editor  of  Westminster  Abbey 
Chant  Book  ;  Songs  from  Shakespeare.  Part- 
songs.  Concert  overture,  IMorte  d'  Arthur 
(Birmingham,  1886) ;  Minuet  and  trio,  orches- 
tra ;  Sonata  in  D,  organ,  etc.  Author  of  Pri- 
mer on  Counterpoint,  Double  Counterpoint, 
Organ  accompaniment,  and  Musical  Gestures 
and  Rudiments  in  Rh\-mes  (Novello). 

Bridge,  Joseph  Cox,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, brother  of  the  preceding,  born  at  Ro- 
chester, August  16, 1853.  Received  his  musical 
training  at  the  Cathedral,  where  he  became 
assistant  organist ;  afterwards  acting  in  a 
similar  capacity  to  his  brother  at  Manchester 
Cathedral.  In  1871  he  was  appointed  organist 
of  Exeter  College,  Oxford.  Graduated  B.A., 
1875;  Mus.  B.,  1876;  M.A.,  1878 ;  and  Mus. 
D.,  Oxford,  1884.  F.C.O. ,  1879.  Appointed 
Organist  of  Chester  Cathedral,  1877,  he  has 
been  Conductor  of  the  Triennial  Festivals  there 
since  their  re-establishment  in  1^9.  For 
some  years,  from  1887,  he  was  Conductor  of 
the  Bradford  Festival  Choral  Society,  His 
compositions  include  several  works  produced 
at  the  Chester  Festivals:  Magnificat  and  Nunc 
Dimittis,  for  voices,  orchestra,  and  organ 
(1879);  Oratorio,  "  Daniel  "  (1885);  Cantata, 
Rudel  (1891) ;  and  a  Symphony  in  F,  orchestra 
(1894).  He  has  also  composed  an  operetta, 
"The  Belle  of  the  Area";  an  anthem  for 
Harvest  Festivals ;  some  pieces  for  pf . ;  songs ; 
also  transcriptions  for  the  organ. 

Bridgeman,  Charles,  organist,  was  born 
at  Hertford,  August  20,  1778.  Studied  the 
organ  under  J.  Cubit*  Pring,  and  violin  under 
Francois  Cramer.  In  1823  he  founded  the 
Hertford  Musical  Society,  and  for  many  years 
was  teacher  of  music  at  Christ's  Hospital, 
Hertford.  He  was  organist  of  Hertford  Parish 
Church  for  the  long  period  of  81  years.  Died 
at  Hertford,  August  3,  1873. 

Bridgeman,  John  Vipon,  musician  and 
writer,  born  in  1819.    He  was  for  upwards  of 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


61 


BRIDGMAN. 

30  years  foreign  editor  of  the  Musical  World. 
Translated  Wagner's  "  Oper  und  Drama," 
Judaism  in  music,  etc.  Wrote  libretto  of 
Balfe's,  Armourer  of  Nantes,  and  Puritan's 
daughter.  Also  translated  various  novels  and 
other  works  from  the  French  and  German, 
such  as  Freytag's  "  Soil  und  Haben  "  (Debit 
and  Credit),  and  works  by  Gautier,  Blanc, 
and  Hugo.  He  died  at  London,  September 
30,  1889. 

Bridgewater,  Robert,  composer  and  bass 
singer,  born  at  York  (?)  in  1814.  ?  Son  of 
Thomas  Bridgewater,  organist  of  St.  Saviour's, 
York,  who  died  January  6,  1831.  He  died  at 
Windsor,  July  24,  1869.  Compiler  of  "Sacred 
music,  consisting  of  chants,  etc."  York.  1840. 
"  Church  psalmody  .  .  ."  London,  1850.  He 
also  composed  songs,  etc. 

Bridgman,  Frederick  William,  pianist, 
born  in  London,  January  16, 1833.  While  very 
young  went  to  reside  with  his  grandfather, 
Mr.  Eager,  an  esteemed  teacher  of  music,  at 
Edinburgh.  He  first  appeared  as  a  juvenile 
performer  on  the  concertina,  and  made  his 
debut  as  a  pianist  in  March,  1840.  He  con- 
tinued to  play,  in  Edinburgh  and  other  places, 
as  a  musical  prodigy,  but  in  1851  he  went  to 
Leipzig,  and  entered  upon  a  thorough  course 
of  study,  wiiming  the  favour  of  Moscheles 
whose  pupil  he  was.  In  1854  he  returned  to 
England,  and  appeared  as  soloist  and  con- 
ductor in  London  and  the  provinces.  He  was 
for  some  years  manager  of  the  Metropolitan 
English  Opera  Company.  He  settled  in  Edin- 
burgh as  a  teacher  in  1862,  where  he  was 
highly  successful.  He  was  organist  of  the 
United  Presbyterian  Church,  College  Street, 
and  was  accompanist  at  the  Glasgow  City 
Hall  Saturday  Concerts,  celebrating  his  artis- 
tic Jubilee  at  one  of  them,  March  22,  1890. 
Died  at  Edinburgh,  December  28,  1892. 

Bridson,  lohn,  baritone  vocalist,  born  in 
Liverpool,  1837.  Engaged  in  business  pur- 
suits, he  sang  as  an  amateur  for  many  years, 
ultimately,  studying  under  J.  B.  Welch, 
adopting  singing  as  a  profession.  One  of  his 
early  successes  was,  as  a  substitute  for  Mr. 
Santley,  in  the  first  performance  as  an  orato- 
rio, of  Rossini's  "  Mos6  in  Egitto,"  at  a  con- 
cert of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  under 
Sir  Michael  Costa,  May  24th,  1878.  The  same 
year  he  sang  in  "  Judas  Maccabseus,"  in  Bir- 
mingham, and  created  a  very  favourable 
impression.  He  afterwards  appeared  at  the 
principal  London  and  provincial  concerts. 
His  voice,  if  not  remarkable  for  power,  was  of 
admirable  quality ;  and  he  was  a  singer  of 
culture  and  refinement.  He  died  in  London, 
December  11th,  1895. 

Bright,  Dora  Estella,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Sheffield,  August  16th,  1863. 
Upon  the  death  of  her  father,  an  excellent 
amateur  violinist,  in  1881,  she  entered  the 


BRITTON. 

R.A.M.,  studying  the  pianoforte  tmder  Walter 
Macfarren,  and  composition  under  Ebenezer 
Prout.  She  remained  at  the  Academy  until 
1888,  gaining  the  Potter  Exhibition  in  1884, 
and  other  prizes,  including  the  Lucas  Medal, 
for  composition,  in  1888,  being  the  first  woman 
to  obtain  that  honour.  During  this  time  she 
wrote  several  important  works.  Her  progress 
as  a  pianist  was  such  that  she  was  allowed  to 
appear  at  the  Promenade  Concerts,  Covent 
Garden,  in  October,  1882.  She  began  her 
pianoforte  recitals  in  January,  1889,  and  ap- 
peared at  the  Crystal  Palace  Concerts,  March 
28th,  1891,  playing  her  Pianoforte  Concerto 
in  A  minor.  The  next  year  (May  11th),  she 
played  her  Fantasia  in  G,  for  pf.  and  orches- 
tra, at  the  Philharmonic  Concerts,  the  first 
instance  of  an  orchestral  work  by  a  woman 
being  admitted  to  the  programme  of  the 
Society.  She  gave  recitals  of  English  music, 
from  Byrd  to  Cowen,  in  1892,  and  in  October, 
1895,  began  a  series  of  national  pianoforte 
recitals.  Her  first  continental  tour  was 
undertaken  in  the  autumn  of  1889,  when  she 
appeared  with  success  at  Dresden,  Cologne, 
and  Leipzig.  In  1892,  she  was  married  to 
Captain  KnatchbuU,  of  Bath. 

Works. — Air  with  variations,  orchestra, 
London,  1890 ;  Concerto  in  A  minor,  pf.  and 
orchestra,  London,  1888  ;  Concerto,  No.  2, 
Cologne,  1892  ;  Fantasia  in  G,  1892  ;  Quartet 
in  D,  pf.  and  strings,  1893  ;  Suite,  violin  and 
pf .,  1890 ;  Duo,  two  pianos,  Musical  Artists' 
Society,  1886.  Pieces  for  pf.  and  flute,  pf. 
solo  ;  Twelve  songs  (Novello),  etc. 

Brind,  Richard,  organist  and  composer 
of  17th  century.  Educated  at  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral.  Organist  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 
Composed  a  thanksgiviiig  anthem,  etc.,  but  is 
best  known  as  the  teacher  of  Greene.  He 
died  about  1718. 

Britton,  Thomas,  musician,  was  born  at 
Higham  Ferrers,  Northamptonshire,  in  1651. 
He  was  apprenticed  to  a  coal-dealer  in  Lon- 
don, and  afterwards  commenced  business  on 
his  own  account  as  a  coal-dealer  in  Aylesbury 
Street,  at  the  corner  of  Jerusalem  Passage, 
Clerkenwell.  He  studied  Music,  Chemistry, 
and  Bibliography,  and  established  weekly  con- 
certs in  his  own  house,  and  formed  a  musical 
club.  He  died  at  Clerkenwell,  London,  27th 
September,  1714. 

The  musical  club  was  formed  by  Britton 
for  the  practice  of  chamber  music,  and  the 
performers  consisted  of  Handel,  Pepusch, 
Banister,  H.  Needier,  Hughes  (the  poet),  P. 
Hart,  H.  Symonds,  A.  Whichello,  Shuttle- 
worth,  Wollaston  (the  painter),  etc.  Matthew 
Dubourg  when  a  child  played  his  first  solo  in 
Britton's  house.  The  origin  of  these  concerts 
and  their  continuance  was  due  to  Britton's 
personal  love  for  music,  together,  it  is  believed, 
with  the  mutual  love  for  bibliographical  and 


62 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


BROADHOUSE. 

other  studies  held  by  many  members  of  his 
audience.  The  admission  to  these  concerts 
was  originally  free,  but  afterwards  a  subscrip- 
tion of  10s.  per  annum  was  charged.  At  the 
end  of  1892  the  Britton  concerts  were  estab- 
lished in  memory  of  Thomas  Britton,  at  the 
Hampden  Club,  Phoenix  Street,  St.  Pancras, 
London.  Britton's  books  were  sold  after  his 
death,  and  the  catalogue  was  published  as 
"  The  Library  of  Mr.  Thomas  Britton,  small- 
coalman,  deceas'd,  who  at  his  own  charge  kept 
up  a  consort  of  musick  above  40  years  in  his 
little  cottage,  1714-15.  Being  a  curious  Col- 
lection of  Books  in  Divinitj',  History,  Physick, 
and  Chimistry,  in  all  volumes."  .    .    . 

His  portrait,  by  J.  WoUaston,  hangs  in  the 
National  Portrait  Gallery,  Loudon. 

Broadhouse,  John,  organist  and  writer  of 
the  present  day.  Appointed  organist  of  Christ 
Church,  Barnet,  1876;  St.  John's,  Whetstone, 
1886;  and  St.  Barnabas',  Woodside  Park,  1889. 
Editor  of  the  Musical  Standard,  1878-80 ; 
1886-8 ;  and  again  subsequently ;  and  also  of 
the  London  Miisical  Revietv,  1882-3.  Author 
of  Facts  about  Fiddles,  Violins,  Old  and  New ; 
The  Student's  Hebnholtz  (1881) ;  Henry 
Smart's  Compositions  for  the  Organ  Analysed 
(reprinted,  1880,  from  the  Musical  Standard). 
Translator  of  Thibaut's  "Purity  in  Music" 
(London,  1883) ;  Schmitt's  "  Use  of  the  Pedal 
in  pf.  playing";  Billow's  "Notes  on  Beeth- 
oven's Pianoforte  Sonatas."  Author  of  "Love 
which  alters  not:  a  story  of  to-day,"  which 
appeared  in  the  Orchestra  (new  series),  vols. 
Vni.  and  IX. 

Broadwood,  Lucy  E.,  collector,  editor, 
and  composer,  youngest  child  of  Henry  Fowler 
Broadwood,  of  the  firm  of  John  Broadwood 
and  Sons,  was  born  in  Scotland.  Especially 
interested  in  singing,  she  studied  under  W. 
Shakespeare,  and  then  continued  the  work  of 
her  uncle,  the  Rev.  John  Broadwood  (which 
he  completed  in  1840),  of  collecting  songs  from 
the  country  people  of  Surrey  and  Sussex.  In 
1893,  collaborated  with  J.  A.  Fuller  Maitland 
(q.v.)  in  editing  and  arranging  "  English 
County  Songs";  also  in  the  series  of  "Old 
World  Songs";  and  is  now  (1896)  engaged  in 
editing  some  of  Purcell's  works.  Has  arranged 
and  published  the  old  Scotch  airs,  "Jess  Mac- 
farlane,"  and  "In  Lo5-alty,"  and  hascomposed 
and  published  Nae  mair  we'll  meet ;  Tamm}' ; 
When  trees  did  bud ;  Annie's  Tryst,  and  other 
songs. 

Brocklesby,  Richard,  physician  of  the 
18th  century.  Author  of  "  Reflections  on 
Ancient  and  Modern  Music,  with  its  applica- 
tion to  the  cure  of  Diseases,"  London,  1749. 

Broderip,  Edmund,  organist  and  com- 
poser, who  flourished  in  the  beginning  of  the 
18th  century.  He  was  organist  of  Wells  Cathe- 
dral about  1720,  and  wrote  a  service,  anthems, 
and  glees.     He  was  the  son  of  William  Beo- 


BROOKS. 

DEEiP,  born  1683  ;  died  WeUs,  January  31, 
1726,  who  was  an  organist  and  composer. 

Broderip,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  about  1710,  and  died  in  1771,  was 
organist  of  Wells  Cathedral,  1740.  He  wrote 
various  sets  of  songs,  psalms,  and  "  Six  Glees 
for  three  Voices,"  London,  n.d.,  "The  Flower 
Garden,  a  collection  of  songs,  duets,  and  can- 
tatas"; "Portions  of  Psalms,  in  one,  two, 
three,  and  four  parts,  adapted  to  50  tunes 
composed  by  John  and  Robert  Broderip,  Lon- 
don, 1780"  ;  also  "Psalms,  hjTuns,  and  spirit- 
ual songs  in  score,  for  publick  or  private  use," 
London  [1765]  n.d. 

Broderip,  Robert,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  about  the  middle  of  the  18th  cen- 
tury. He  was  organist  of  St.  James',  Bristol, 
and  died  at  Bristol,  May  14,  1808.  Brother 
of  the  preceding.  Compiled  "  Miscellaneous 
Collection  of  Vocal  music,"  n.d.;  "  Organist's 
Journal,  selections  from  great  Masters,"  n.d.; 
"  Cecilian  Harmony,  a  set  of  the  most  favou- 
rite duets,  rotas,  canons,  catches,  and  glees," 
London,  1790;  "Plain  and  easy  instructions 
for  3'omag  performers  on  the  pianoforte  or 
harpsichord,  op.  6";  "Eight  voluntaries  for 
the  organ,  op.  5";  "Concerto  for  the  harpsi- 
chord or  pianoforte,  with  accompaniment  for 
two  violins  and  violoncello,  op.  7."  He  also 
wrote  songs,  single  glees,  and  edited  a  book  of 
psahus  with  his  brother. 

Bromley,  Robert  Anthony,  author  and 
clergyman,  died  Loudon,  1806.  He  published 
a  tract  entitled  "  On  Opening  the  Church  and 
Organ,  Sermon  on  Psalm  cxxii.,"  Lond.,  1771. 

Brookbank,  Rev.  Joseph,  clergj-man  and 
schoolmaster,  born  at  Halifax  in  1612.  He 
was  educated  at  Oxford  and  ordained  a  minis- 
ter. For  some  time  he  was  a  preacher  in 
Wycombe,  Bucks.,  but  in  1651  he  settled  in 
London  as  a  schoolmaster  and  minister.  He 
died  after  1668. 

Works. — The  WeU-tun'd  organ,  or  an  exer- 
citation  wherein  this  question  is  discuss'd 
whether  or  no  instrumental  and  organic  Mu- 
sick be  lawful  in  holy  publick  assemblies,  Lon- 
don, 1660  ;  The  Organ's  Echo,  London,  1641; 
The  Organ's  Funeral,  London,  1642;  The  Holy 
Harmon}^  or  a  plea  for  the  abolishing  of  Or- 
gans and  other  Musick  in  Churches,  London, 
1643 ;  Gospel  Musick,  by  N.  H.,  London,  1644; 
The  Compleat  Schoolmaster,  1660. 

Brooke,  Daniel,  clergjinan  and  author. 
Published  a  Sermon  preached  at  Worcester, 
at  the  meeting  of  the  three  western  choirs,  in 
September,  1743  ;  a  discourse  on  the  musick 
of  the  church  on  the  occasion  of  the  perform- 
ance of  Handel's  oratorio,  "  Athaha,"  1743. 

Brooks,  James,  musician  and  glee  com- 
poser, who  flourished  in  Bath  between  1760 
and  1812.  He  composed  "  Twelve  glees  for 
three  and  four  voices,"  n.d.  ;  "Second  Sett  of 
twelve  glees  for  three  and  four  voices,"  n.d. ; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


63 


BROOKS. 

"Twelve  English  ballads,"  op.  5  [1790]. 
Concerto  for  the  violin,  in  nine  parts,  1797  ; 
Nocturne  for  the  pf .  and  'cello  or  flute  ; 
Thirty-six  select  pieces  for  a  military  band. 

Brooks,  Walter,  organist,  bom  at  Long- 
don,  Worcestershire,  April  1st,  1832.  Recom- 
mended to  the  Rev.  Sir  J.  H.  Sej-mour,  Bart, 
(preacher  at  the  Gloucester  Festival  of  1832), 
he  was  accepted  as  a  chorister  at  Gloucester 
Cathedral,  and  afterwards  articled  to  John 
Amott,  the  organist.  On  leaving,  he  was  ap- 
pointed organist  and  choirmaster  at  Upton, 
St.  Leonard  ;  then  to  Christ  Church,  Hamp- 
stead ;  St.  Mary's,  Atherstone,  and,  in  1857, 
after  competition,  to  St.  Martin's,  Birming- 
ham, a  post  he  holds  to  the  present  time. 
Beyond  conducting  some  concerts  of  the  St. 
Martin's  Musical  Society,  he  has  not  taken 
part  in  public  work,  but  has  devoted  himself 
to  church  music  and  to  teaching. 

Walter  William  Brooks,  eldest  son  of 
the  above,  composer,  conductor,  and  writer 
on  music,  was  born  at  Edgbaston,  Birming- 
ham, March  19th,  1861.  Received  his  earliest 
musical  education  from  his  parents,  and  was 
a  chorister  at  St.  Martin's  Church.  Educated 
at  King  Edward's  School,  obtaining  first  place 
in  all  England  for  music  (theory)  in  the  Ox- 
ford local  examinations.  From  1879-81,  he 
studied  composition  at  the  R.A.M.,  under 
(Professor)  E.  Prout,  after  which  he  settled 
in  London  as  teacher  and  writer.  He  has 
held,  since  1889,  the  position  of  teacher  of 
pianoforte  and  singing  at  the  William  EUis 
Endowed  School,  Gospel  Oak.  He  has  con- 
tributed articles  to  The  Monthly  Musical 
Eecoid  (of  which  he  was  sometime  editor), 
Musical  Opinion,  and  other  papers,  and  has 
had  some  experience  as  a  dramatic  critic  on 
the  London  Figaro.  His  compositions  include 
an  Allegro,  for  orchestra  (Prize,  1891,  Belfast 
Philharmonic  Society) ;  Deux  Morceaux,  op. 
14  ;  Albiun  Lyrique,  op.  48  ;  Trois  Morceaux, 
op.  50,  all  for  violin  and  pf .  Prelude  and  Fugue 
in  D  minor  (dedicated  to  Sir  F.  Ouseley) ;  "The 
family  circle,"  twelve  characteristic  pieces ; 
Six  progressive  studies,  and  other  pieces  for 
pf.  ;  songs,  and  part-songs. 

Arthur  Charles  Brooks,  the  younger 
brother  of  preceding,  was  born  at  Edgbaston, 
May  4th,  1864.  Chorister  at  St.  Martin's. 
Educated  at  King  Edward's  School.  Early 
musical  training  at  home  ;  then  studied  at 
R.C.M.,  under  Dr.  G.  C.  Martin,  Dr.  J.  F. 
Bridge,  Franklin  Taylor,  and  others.  In  1884, 
appointed  organist  and  musicmaster  at  Bea- 
consfield  School,  Bucks,  and  organist  of  the 
Parish  Church  ;  in  1890,  to  St.  John's,  Sligo, 
Ireland,  which  office  he  resigned  in  1896  to 
return  to  Binningham,  where  he  is  engaged 
in  general  musical  tuition. 

Brooksbank,  Hugh,  organist,  bom  at 
Peterborough,  September  13th,  1854.     Chor- 


BROOME. 

ister  at  St.  George's  Chapel  Royal,  Windsor, 
and  afterwards  articled  to  Dr.  Keeton,  of 
Peterborough  Cathedral.  Organ  scholar,  Ex- 
eter College,  Oxford,  where  he  gi'aduated  Mus. 
Bac,  1874,  also  taking  the  F.C.O.  the  same 
year.  In  1881  he  was  appointed  organist  to 
the  new  church  of  St.  Alban,  Birmingham  ; 
and  in  1882  to  Llandafi  Cathedral,  a  post  he 
held  tiU  his  death,  at  Cardiff,  April  28th,  1894. 
He  was  organist  at  the  first  Cardiff  Musical 
Festival,  1892.  His  published  works  include 
Evening  Services  in  E  flat,  and  B  flat  (unison) ; 
a  Benedicite,  and  songs.  His  brother,  Oliver 
Oldham  Brooksbank,  was  born  at  Peter- 
borough, May  17th,  1859.  Was  also  chorister 
at  St.  George's,  Windsor,  and  pupil  of  Dr. 
Keeton.  F.R.C.O.,  Mus.  Bac,  Durham,  1894. 
Organist  at  Fletton,  1877  ;  Alton  Parish 
Church,  1880;  St.  Leonard's,  1882;  St.  John's, 
Leatherhead,  1883;  St.  Martin's,  Bedford, 
1893  ;  and  Addlestone  Parish  Church.  Has 
also  held  appointments  as  organist  or  music- 
master  at  Chardstock  (1880)  ;  Highbury  and 
Tonbridge  Schools  (1891) ;  assistant  at  Trinity 
College,  Glenalmond(1881),  and  music-master, 
Leamington  College  (1887).  His  compositions 
are:  "Story  of  the  Cross"  (1895);  church 
services,  offertory  sentences,  set  of  hymn-tunes 
(1891).  Songs:  If  'tis  love;  The  song  of 
Medora,  etc. ;  pf.  and  organ  pieces,  etc. 

Broome,  Edward,  organist  and  composer, 
a  native  of  North  Wales.  For  some  time 
organist  and  choirmaster,  St.  ]Mary's,  Bangor. 
Successful  competitor  as  composer  and  choral 
conductor  at  Eisteddfodan.  Among  his  com- 
positions is  an  anthem  in  memory  of  Eos 
Morlais  (Robert  Rees,  q.v.),  which  won  the 
prize  at  the  Eisteddfod,  Pontypridd,  1893. 
Now  resident  as  organist  and  professor  of 
music  at  Montreal,  Canada. 

Broome,  Michael,  musician,  was  born 
in  1700.  He  was  clerk  of  St.  Philip's  Church, 
Birmingham,  but  appears  to  have  been  a 
singing-master  at  Islevvorth,  Middlesex,  and 
also  a  printer  or  engraver  in  Birmingham. 
According  to  his  tombstone  at  St.  Philip's, 
Birmingham,  he  was  "  Father  of  the  Musical 
Society  in  this  town."  He  died  at  Birming- 
ham, September  20,  1775,  aged  75. 

Works. — "  Michael  Broome's  Collection  of 
Church  Musick  for  the  use  of  his  Scholars," 
n.d.  "A  Choice  Collection  of  Psalm  Tunes, 
Hymns  and  Anthems,  all  in  three  or  four  parts, 
with  the  gamut  and  its  branches :  newly  done 
in  a  fair  large  character ;  the  whole  being  drawn 
out  in  schore :  Collected  and  printed  by  Michael 
Broom,  singing-master,  Isleworth,  Middle- 
sex" [1731].  Another  edition  [1738].  "A  Choice 
Collection  of  Twenty-four  Psalm  Tunes,  all  in 
four  parts  ;  and  Fifteen  Anthems,  set  by  diffe- 
rent authors  .  .  . ;  the  whole  collected,  engraved 
and  printed  by  Michael  Broome,  Birming- 
ham,"   [1738].      "A   Collection   of    Twenty- 


64 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


BROOMFIELD. 

eight  Psalm  Tunes  in  four  parts  .  .  .  for  the 
use  of  the  Churches  and  Chapels  in  and  near 
Birmingham,"  Birmingham,  1763.  "  The 
Catch  Club,  or  Pleasant  IMusical  Companion, 
containing  a  Choice  Collection  of  Fifty 
Catches,  both  Ancient  and  Modern  .  .  . 
collected, printed  and  sold  by  Michael  Broome, 
near  St.  Philip's  Church,  Birmingham,  1757." 

Broomfield,  William  Robert,  com- 
poser and  writer.  Born  at  luverarj-,  Argyle, 
14th  October,  1826.  He  was  for  a  time  in 
an  accountant's  office  in  Glasgow,  where  he 
studied  music  under  John  Tiirnbull.  About 
1850  he  settled  in  Aberdeen  as  a  music 
teacher,  and  while  there  he  did  much  work 
for  William  Hamilton,  of  Glasgow.  He  was 
a  confirmed  dijisomaniac,  and,  in  spite  of 
several  efforts  to  cure  him,  he  became  victim 
to  his  habits,  and  died  at  Aberdeen,  October 
16,  1888.  In  July,  1889,  a  monument  to  his 
memory  was  erected  over  his  grave  in  Allan- 
vale  Cemetery,  Aberdeen. 

Works.— PsaZ/w  Tunes :  "St.  Kilda,"  "Shan- 
don,"  "  Zion."  Songs :  Edited  "National  Songs, 
harmonised  as  vocal  quartettes,"  first  series, 
London,  n.d.;  second  series,  Glasgow,  1868. 
"The  Principles  of  Ancient  and  INIodern  INIusic, 
deduced  from  the  Harmonical  Numbers  of  An- 
tiquity," Aberdeen,  1863.  "Manual  of  Har- 
mony for  the  use  of  Students  in  Musical  Com- 
position," Glasgow,  1872. 

Broughton,  Alfred,  pianist  and  conduc- 
tor, born  near  Dewsbury,  Yorkshire,  January 
12,  1853.  Studied  at  first  under  his  brother 
James  (q.v.),  and  then  under  Lebert,  Tod,  and 
Attinger,  at  Stuttgart  Conservatoriuni.  In  1872 
he  was  appointed  organist  to  the  Leeds  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  and  in  1884,  conductor. 
He  was  accompanist  at  the  Leeds  Festival  of 
1883,  and  choirmaster  from  1886.  Trained 
bodies  of  Leeds  choristers  have  been  under 
his  direction,  associated  with  the  Festivals  at 
Worcester,  1887,  and  Hereford,  1888  ;  and  he 
has  taken  detachments  of  his  choir  to  assist 
at  the  Richter  and  Henschel  concerts  in  Lon- 
don. He  was  a  pianist  of  high  attainments,  as 
well  as  a  conductor.  He  died  at  Leeds,  June 
12,  1895.  His  brother,  J.a.mes  Broughtox, 
born  near  Dewsbury,  in  1833,  went  to  Leeds 
at  the  age  of  thirteen,  and  was  appointed  or- 
ganist of  St.  Ann's  Roman  Catholic  Church, 
where  he  remained  for  over  twenty  years.  He 
was  chorus-master  of  the  Leeds  Festival  from 
1874  to  1883,  and  for  a  period  of  ten  years 
gave  series  of  classical  chamber  concerts  in 
Leeds.     He  died  March  12,  1887. 

Brouncker,  William  Viscount,  writer, 
born  in  1620,  died  in  1684.  Translated  "  Des- 
carte's  Musical  Compendium,"  1653.  Pub- 
lished anonymously  an  "  Excellent  Compen- 
dium of  Musick ;  with  necessary  and  judicious 
animadversions  thereupon,  by  a  Person  of 
Honour." 


BROWN. 

Brown,  Abraham,  \-iolinist  and  composer. 
Was  one  of  the  principal  performers  at  Rane- 
lagh  Gardens,  where  he  succeeded  Festing, 
about  1752,  and  at  the  aristocratic  concerts 
in  London  about  the  middle  of  last  century. 
His  tone  is  mentioned  as  having  been  clear, 
but  loud. 

Brown,  Arthur  Henry,  orgairist  and 
composer,  born  at  Brentwood,  Essex,  July  24,. 
1830.  Organist  of  Brentwood  Parish  Church, 
1841 ;  St.  Edward's,  Romford,  1852-7  ;  Brent- 
wood, 1857-85;  St.  Peter's,  South  Weald, 
Brentford,  1889.  Associated  with  the  re\-ival 
of  Gregorian  music,  and  member  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  the  London  Gregorian  Choral  -Asso- 
ciation. 

Works. — Cantata,  The  First  Miracle  ;  Mis- 
sa  Seraphica  (Communion  service,  in  C) ; 
Missa  Quinti  Toni  (plain  chant  Communion 
service) ;  Missa  Coelestis  ;  A  flower  service  ; 
Children's  festival  service  (compiled  by  Rev. 
S.  Childs  Clarke.  M.A.) ;  Harvest  Tide,  a  ser- 
vice of  song  for  Harvest  Thanksgivings  ;  A 
century  of  HjTiin  tunes  (1880) ;  The  Gregorian 
Canticles  and  Psalter  (1874) ;  Anglican  Can- 
ticles and  Psalter  (1877)  ;  The  Canticles  of 
Holy  Church  (Gregorian) ;  The  Matin  and 
Vesper  Canticles  (Anglican)  ;  Metrical  Lit- 
anies ;  The  Prayer  Book  noted,  with  plain 
chant  for  all  the  offices  of  the  Church  (1885) ; 
Introits  for  Sundays  and  Festivals  of  the 
year  (1885) ;  Te  Deum,  Magnificat,  and  Nunc 
Dimittis ;  Anthem  for  Christmas,  etc. :  A 
Christmas  volrnne  of  prose  and  song  (Barbara 
Wordsworth) ;  Part-songs ;  Songs :  -Across  the 
field  of  barley ;  Somebody's  darling ;  Gather 
ye  rosebuds,  etc.  New  Pianoforte  Tutor 
(1882).  Pieces  for  pf. :  Sarabande  and  Gigue  ; 
Gavotte  and  minuet,  etc.  Organ  Harmonies 
for  the  Gregorian  tones  :  select  compositions 
from  the  great  Masters  (arranged)  :  Select 
overtures  from  the  great  Masters ;  Twenty 
original  voluntaries  for  organ  or  harmonium. 
Carols  and  h}-nni  tunes,  contributed  to  HjTiins 
Ancient  and  ^Modern,  and  various  collections. 

Brown,  Colin,  musician  and  theoretical 
writer,  was  born  at  Liverpool,  August  25, 1818. 
He  was  descended  from  an  Argyleshire  family. 
Euing  lecturer  on  Music  in  Anderson's  Col- 
lege, Glasgow,  from  1868.  He  died  at  Hill- 
head,  Glasgow,  December  19,  1896. 

Works. — Music  in  Common  Things,  Part 
I. :  Analysis  of  a  Musical  Sound,  and  the 
Production  therefrom  of  the  Musical  Scale, 
1874 ;  Part  2 :  Mathematical  and  Musical 
Relations  of  the  Scale,  shewing  the  Principles, 
Construction,  and  Tuning  of  the  Natural 
Fingerboard  with  Perfect  Intonation,  1876 ; 
Part  4 :  Music  in  Speech  and  Speech  in  Music, 
Glasgow,  1870.  Songs  of  Scotland  (with  J. 
Pittman)  London,  n.d.  The  Thistle,  A  Mis- 
cellany of  Scottish  Song,  with  Notes,  Critical 
and    Historical,    Instrumental    Accompani- 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


65 


BROWN. 

ments  and  Harmonies  by  James  Merrylees, 
Glasgow,  1884  [originally  issued  in  parts] . 

Mr.  Brown  constructed  an  instrument  called 
the  Voice  Harmonium,  founded  upon  the 
Monopolytone,  to  which  the  principles  of 
perfect  intonation  were  successfully  applied. 
The  novel  character  of  the  keyboard,  fully 
described  in  "  Music  in  Common  Things," 
part  II.,  will  perhaps  act  as  an  obstruction  to 
its  speedy  adoption.  The  Monopolytone  above 
mentioned  is  a  small  instrument  for  striking 
on  the  keyboard  of  a  pf.,  producing  a  perfect 
unison,  though  sounding  every  note  and  dis- 
cord of  the  scale.  His  harmonium  was  awar- 
ded the  first  place  at  an  exhibition  of  instru- 
ments illustrating  the  same  principle  held  in 
London. 

Brown,  Edward,  organist  and  conductor 
of  present  time.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1878; 
Mus.  Doc,  1883,  Oxford.  Organist  and  choir- 
master, St.  James',  Barrow-in-Furness,  and 
St.  Paiil's,  Grange-over-Sands  ;  choirmaster, 
Furness  Association  of  Church  Choirs.  Con- 
ductor of  choral  societies  at  Barrow,  Ulverston 
and  Grange.  His  setting  of  Psalm  45  (Uni- 
versity exercise  for  Mus.  Doc),  was  performed 
with  success,  April  9th,  1883.  He  has  pub- 
lished some  church  music,  songs,  etc. 

Brown,  H.,  musician  and  author  of 
present  time,  resident  in  Brixton,  London. 
Issued  "  Historical  sketch  of  music  from  the 
most  ancient  to  modern  times,"  London 
[1886];  also  "SonnetsbyShakspeare  solved." 

Brown,  J.  C,  musician  of  Clerkeuwell, 
London.  Compiled  "Collection  of  original 
sacred  music,  containing  104  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,  and  four  pieces  harmonized  for  four 
voices,  and  arranged  for  the  organ,"  London, 
1818. 

Brown,  James  D.,  tenor  singer,  lecturer 
and  teacher,  was  born  at  Aberdeen  in  1834. 
He  studied  music  and  singing  under  James 
Davie,  Samuel  Barr,  Thomas  Macfarlane, 
H.  Kuchler,  and  Alex.  W.  Smith,  and  was 
conductor  of  i)saLmody  in  Free  St.  David's 
Church,  Edinburgh,  from  1865  tiU  1877. 
Since  1866,  he  has  given  many  concerts  and 
lectures  on  the  ballad  music  of  Scotland,  and 
has  done  miich  to  aid  the  movement  in  favour 
of  thorough  voice  cultivation,  and  to  foster  a 
taste  for  the  old  and  genuine  ballad  music  of 
Scotland.  He  has  composed  a  few  songs  to 
words  by  Burns,  etc.  His  son,  James  Duff 
Bbo\vn,  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  November 
6th,  1862.  He  was  educated  at  the  Church 
of  Scotland  Normal  School,  and  afterwards 
entered  the  employment  of  publishing  firms 
in  Edinburgh  and  Glasgow.  Prom  1878  till 
1888  he  was  an  assistant-librarian  in  the 
Mitchell  Library,  Glasgow,  and  in  September, 
1888,  he  was  appointed  librarian  of  Clerkeu- 
well Public  Librar}',  London,  a  position  he 
now  holds.     Author  of  "  Biographical  diction- 


BROWN. 

ar}'  of  musicians,  with  a  bibliography  of 
English  writings  on  music,"  Paislej-,  1886. 
"  Handbook  of  library  appliances :  the  techni- 
cal equipment  of  libraries,"  London,  1892. 
"  Guide  to  the  formation  of  a  music  library," 
London,  1893.  Numerous  papers  on  library 
economy,  and  on  topics  connected  with 
bibliography  and  literature. 

Brow^n  John,  clergj-man  and  writer,  born 
at  Rothbury,  Northumberland,  1715.  Edu- 
cated at  Cambridge.  Vicar  of  Great  Horkesley, 
Essex,  1754.  Vicar  of  St.  Nicholas',  New- 
castle, 1758.  Committed  suicide  while  insane, 
September  23rd,  1766. 

Works. — Honour,  a  poem ;  Essay  on  satire ; 
Sermons ;  Essays  on  Shaftesbury's  Character- 
istics, 1751 ;  Dissertation  on  the  rise,  union, 
and  power,  the  progressions,  separations,  and 
corruptions  of  poetry  and  music,  to  which  is 
prefixed  The  Cure  of  Saul,  a  sacred  ode, 
London,  1763 ;  Remarks  on  some  observations 
on  Dr.  Brown's  dissertation  on  poetry  and 
musick,  London,  1764  ;  An  estimate  of  the 
manners  and  principles  of  the  times,  1757. 

An  Italian  edition  of  the  Dissertation  was 
published  in  1772. 

Brow^n,  John,  artist  and  writer,  bom  at 
Edinburgh,  1752.  Resided  in  Italy  from  1771 
till  1781.  He  died  in  Scotland,  1781.  Author 
of  "  Letters  upon  the  Poetry  and  Music  of 
the  Italian  Opera,"  Edinburgh,  1789. 

Brown,  Robert,  of  Rockhaven,  writer  and 
theorist,  was  born  at  Glasgow,  1789-90,  and 
died  at  Rockhaven,  near  Fairlie,  Ayrshire, 
25th  August,  1873.  Author  of  The  Elements 
of  Musical  Science,  London,  1860.  An  Intro- 
duction to  Musical  Arithmetic,  with  its  appli- 
cation to  Temperament,  London,  1865. 
Rudiments  of  Harmony  and  Counterpoint  on 
a  New  Method  .  .  .  London,  1863.  Also  a 
work  on  Scottish  Highland  Psalm  Tunes. 

In  the  first  work  Brown  advocates  the 
adoption  of  a  uniform  clef,  and  illustrates 
this  in  the  course  of  his  book.  He  also  sug- 
gests certain  modifications  in  the  method  of 
expressing  harmonical  combinations,  etc. 

Brown,  Thomas,  musician  of  18th  cen- 
tury. Author  of  "  The  Compleat  Musick 
Master,  being  plain,  easie  and  familiar  rules 
for  singing  and  playing  "  .  .  London  [1704]. 

Another  Thom.vs  Brown,  styled  "junior," 
was  organist  of  St.  ^largaret  Pattens  and  St. 
Gabriel,  Fenchurch  Street,  London,  in  latter 
part  of  the  18th  century.  He  published  a 
"  Collection  of  Songs,  and  a  Cantata  for  the 
harpsichord  or  pianoforte,"  London,  1774. 

Brown,  Thomas,  musician,  compiled 
"  Psalms  and  hymns,  as  sung  at  the  Sunday 
evening  lectures  in  the  galilee  of  Durham 
Cathedral,  arranged  for  four  voices,  with  an 
accompaniment  for  the  organ  or  pianoforte," 
Durham,  1842. 

Brown,  William,  musician,  issued  a  col- 


6G 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BROWN. 

lection  of  Psalm  Tunes,  in  four  parts,"  Glas- 
gow, 1700. 

Brown,  William,  musician,  of  18th  cen- 
tury, was  a  teacher  in  Glasgow,  and  precentor 
in  the  Wynd  Church  (St.  George's  Parish 
Church),  which  he  resigned  in  1807.  He  com- 
piled "  TThe  Precentor,  or  an  easy  introduction 
to  Churcia  ^lusic,  with  a  choice  collection  of 
Psalm  Tunes"  ...  6th  ed.,  1799,  originally 
issued  in  177G,  hy  John  ]\IcLachlan. 

Brown-Borthwick,  Rev.  Robert,  clergy- 
man and  amateur  musician ;   was    horn    at 
Aberdeen,  May  18th,  1840.     Son  of  William 
Brown,  Esq.,  of  H.M.  Civil  Service,  Aberdeen, 
who  was  an  amateur  musician,  well-known  at 
the  concerts  of  that  city.     Ordained  deacon 
in  1865.     Ordained  priest,   1866.     Curate  of 
Sudely  Manor,  Gloucestershire,  and  Chaplain 
to  the  Winchcomh  Union.  Curate  of  Evesham, 
Worcestershire,     and     assistant-minister    of 
Quebec  Chapel,  London.     ]\Ir.  Brown-Borth- 
wick assumed  additional  surname  of  Borthwick 
on  his  marriage  in  1868  to  Grace  (D.  1884), 
only  surviving  daughter  of  the  late,  and  sister 
of    the   present,    John    Borthwick,    Esq.,    of 
Borthwick  Castle,  and  Crookston,  ]\Iidlothian. 
Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinitv,  Grange-in-Borrow- 
dale,    Cumberland,    1869-72.      Vicar   of    AU 
Saints,  Scarborough,  1872.      Chaplain  for  a 
few  years  to  the  Bishop  of  Aberdeen.   Vicar  of 
St.  John's,  Clapham.     Died  March  17th,  1894. 
Works. — Supplemental    hymn    and    tune 
book  (Novello),  containing  contributions  by 
Goss,  Sullivan,  Stainer,  E.  J.  Hopkins,  and 
J.  B.  Calkin,  four  editions.     Twelve  Kyries. 
Kyries   and   Sanctuses,  edited.     Blessed  are 
the  dead,  anthem.    Words  of "  Church  hvmns  " 
(with  the  Bishop  of  Bedford  (Dr.  W.'How), 
Bev.  J.  EUerton,  Rev.  B.  Comptou),  the  hjmm 
book  issued  by  the  S.P.C.K.      Select  hymns 
for   church    and    home,    Edin.,    1871.      The 
History  of  the  Princes  de  Conde,  by  H.R.H. 
le   due   d'Aumale,    translated,    Loudon,  8vo, 
2  vols.     Life  and  works  of  Stephen  Heller,  by 
H.  Barbedette,  translated,  London.     Hymns, 
contributed  to  various  collections.     Sermons 
on   various   subjects,  as    "  Art  in  worship," 
"  The  praise  of  God,"  etc.,  all  published. 

Browne,  James  A.,  violinist,  conductor, 
and  writer  on  music  ;  born  at  Woolwich, 
IMay  9th,  1838.  Joined  the  Royal  Artillery 
Band  in  1848,  as  a  singing-boy,  and  received 
instruction  on  the  flute  and  violin ;  was 
appointed  solo  flutist  in  the  band  in  1864, 
and  from  that  date  was  similarly  engaged  in 
London  theatres,  concerts,  and  the  Handel 
and  other  festivals.  Appointed  band-master, 
Royal  Horse  Artillery,  in  1870,  retiring  on  a 
pension  in  1878,  when  he  accepted  the  post  of 
band-master  to  the  South  Metroj)olitan 
Schools,  Sutton.  Musical  Director,  Royal 
Court  Theatre,  London,  1880-1  ;  Conductor 
of  the  Orchestral  Festival  Services,  St.  Agnes, 


BROWNSMITH. 

Kennington  Park,  1881-94 ;  teacher  of  the 
violin.  Started  the  Surrey  Musical  Joui-nal 
(which  existed  only  for  six  months),  in  1885  ; 
became  sub-editor  British  Musician,  1893 ; 
sole  editor,  1895 ;  proprietor  and  editor,  1896. 
His  published  works  include  ;  Military  band 
arrangements;  a  part-song,  "The  dragoons"; 
songs ;  March,  "  Cleopatra,"  an  oboe  solo. 
In  MS.  he  has  a  drawing-room  oratorio ;  an 
opera  ;  a  string  quartet,  and  some  dramatic 
music.  Author  of  The  north-west  passage 
[1860] ;  History  of  the  Royal  Artillery  [1865] ; 
and  papers  on  bands  and  music  in  the  Service 
Advertiser  [1884] ;  and  the  Surrey  Musical 
Journal,  etc.,  etc. 

Browne,  Lennox,  surgeon  and  writer  on 
the  voice,  born  at  London,  in  1841.  He  was 
the  son  of  a  distinguished  surgeon.  Educated 
at  Edinburgh  and  London.  P.R.C.S.,  Edin., 
1873;  M.R.C.S.,  Eng.,  1863.  Member  of 
numerous  medical  societies,  and  surgeon  to 
various  musical  societies.  Author  of  "  The 
throat  and  its  diseases,"  London,  1878,  4th 
ed.,  1893.  "  Voice,  song,  and  speech,  a  com- 
plete manual  for  singers  and  speakers," 
London  (Low),  1883;  15th  ed.  1892.  Written 
in  conjunction  with  E.  Behnke.  "  The  child's 
voice  ;  its  treatment  with  regard  to  after 
development,"  London,  1885  (with  Behnke). 
"  Voice,  use,  and  stimulants,"  1885.  "  Mech- 
anism of  hearing,"  1889,  etc.  "  Science  and 
singing,"  1884. 

Browne,  Richard,  medical  writer,  who 
was  an  apothecary  at  Oakham.  Author  of 
"  Medicina  musica;  or  a  mechanical  essay 
on  the  effects  of  singing,  musick,  and  dancing, 
on  human  bodies ;  to  which  is  annexed  a  new 
essay  on  the  nature  and  cure  of  the  spleen  and 
vapours,"  London,  1729. 

Browne,  Thomas  (Tom),  violinist,  born 
at  Newcastle  in  1812  ?  Studied  under  Ella- 
son,  and  theory  with  T.  Severn,  and  French 
Flowers.  In  the  band  of  Her  ]\Iajesty's  The- 
atre ;  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  etc.  Popular 
as  a  teacher,  and  composer  of  dance  music, 
his  "  Helena  Waltz "  having  had  a  great 
circulation.  Of  his  songs,  "On  the  swelUng 
deep,"  deserves  mention.  Died  in  London, 
August  10,  1884. 

Brownsmith,  John  Leman,  organist, 
was  born  at  Westminster,  in  1809.  Chorister 
at  Westminster  Abbey  under  Greatorex,  with 
whom  he  studied  the  organ.  Organist  of 
St.  John's  Church,  Waterloo  Road,  London, 
1829,  an  appointment  he  was  compelled  to 
resign  when  made  Lay-vicar  of  Westminster 
Abbey,  in  1838,  because  the  vestry  refused  to 
allow  him  to  have  a  deputy  when  on  duty 
at  the  Abbey.  Organist  to  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society,  1848 ;  organist  at  Handel  Festivals 
of  1857,  1859,  1862,  and  1865  ;  organist  of  St. 
Gabriel,  Pimlico.  He  died  at  London,  Sept. 
14,  1866. 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


67 


BRUCE. 

Bruce,  John,  violinist  and  composer,  was 
a  native  of  Braemar,  and  according  to  Burns, 
who  knew  him  well,  "  a  red-wud  (i.e.,  stark- 
mad)  Highlander."  He  settled  in  Dumfries 
after  the  rebellion  of  1745,  in  which  he  took 
part,  and  died  there  December  31.  1785.  He 
is  generally  regarded  as  the  composer  of  the 
air  usually  sung  to  "  Whistle  o'er  the  lave  o't." 

Bruce,  John  Collingwood,  M.A.,  LL.D., 
D.C.L.,  F.S.A.,  historian  of  the  Roman  Wall, 
and  author  of  numerous  books  on  the  Roman 
occupation  of  Britain,  and  mediceval  life  upon 
Tyne-side.  He  was  a  great  authority  on  the 
subject  of  the  Northumbrian  Pipes,  and  read  a 
paper  relating  to  them  at  the  Conference  of 
Musicians,  held  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  in 
January,  1892.  He  died  in  that  town,  April 
5,   1892,  aged  86. 

Bruce,  Thomas,  musician,  of  18th  cen- 
tury, was  a  schoolmaster  in  the  Cowgate  of 
Edinburgh.  Author  of  "  The  Common  tunes, 
or  Scotland's  Church  Musick  made  plain, 
with  a  description  of  the  antiquity,  use, 
authors  and  inventors  of  Musick."  Edin- 
burgh, 1726;  2nd  ed.  n.d. 

Bryan,  Cornelius,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Bristol,  about  1775.  He  held  the 
appointments  of  organist  of  St.  Mark's,  and 
St.  Mary,  Redcliffe,  Bristol.  Died  at  Bristol, 
March  18,  1840,  from  the  effects  of  a  fall. 

Works. — Lundy,  operetta,  1840.  Collection 
of  the  most  esteemed  Psahn  Tunes,  ancient 
and  modern  .  .  .  interspersed  with  a  few  orig- 
inal compositions,  1830.  Effusions  for  the 
organ,  containing  eight  voluntaries,  one  hun- 
dred interludes  and  three  psalms,    n.d. 

Bryce,  Rev.  ?  divine  and  writer  who  lived 
in  Belfast.  Author  of  "A  Rational  Intro- 
duction to  Music,  being  an  attempt  to  simplify 
the  first  principles  of  the  science,"  London, 
1845. 

Bryne,  Albert  (or  Albertus),  composer  and 
organist,  who  flourished  in  the  17th  century, 
and  was  born  about  1621,  and  died  in  1669. 
He  was  a  pupil  of  John  Tomkins,  whom  he 
succeeded  as  organist  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral 
in  1638.  Afterwards,  he  became  organist  of 
Westminster  Abbey.  His  compositions  appear 
in  Boyce,  Clifford,  and  some  are  in  MS.  in  the 
British  Museum.  They  consist  of  services, 
anthems,  and  organ  music.  His  name  is 
variously  spelt,  Brian,  Bryan,  etc. 

Bryson,  John,  musician,  who  flourished 
during  latter  part  of  18th  century.  He  was 
manager  to  Robert  Bremner  at  the  Harp  and 
Hautboy,  Edinburgh,  from  1769,  and  suc- 
ceeded him  in  the  business  in  1789,  carrying  it 
on  till  1818.  Published  "A  Curious  selection 
of  favourite  Scots  tunes,  with  variations ;  to 
■which  are  added  upwards  of  fifty  favourite  Irish 
airs  for  a  German  flute  or  violin ;  with  a  bass 
for  the  harpsichord  or  violincello,"  Edin. 
£1791]. 


BUCKLEY. 

Buchanan,  Thomas,  surgeon  and  author. 
Author  of  "Physiological  Illustrations  of  the  or- 
gan of  hearing,  more  particularly  of  the  secre- 
tion of  cerumen  and  its  effects  in  rendering 
auditory  perceptions  accurate  and  acute." 
London,  1828. 

Buck,  Percy  Carter,  organist,  born  at 
West  Ham,  Essex,  1871.  Educated  at  Mer- 
chant Taylors  School.  Chorister  at  West  Ham 
Parish  Church.  Pupil  of  Dr.  C.  J.  Frost,  and 
F.  Davenport,  at  Guildhall  School  of  Music ; 
and  later,  winner  of  an  organ  scholarship, 
R.C.M.,  studying  under  Dr.  Hubert  Parry, 
C.  H.  Lloyd,  and  (Sir)  Walter  Parratt. 
Prize-winner  for  composition,  Stratford  Musi- 
cal Festivals,  1887-8.  F.R.C.O.,  A.R.C.M., 
Mus.  B.,  Oxford,  1892,  and  qualified  by  Exam- 
ination for  Mus.  D.,  1893.  Organist  at  Sur- 
biton ;  Worcester  College,  Oxford ;  Music- 
master,  Rugby  School ;  and  on  the  death  of 
Mr.  C.  W.  Lavington  (Oct.  1895),  appointed 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  Wells  Cathedral. 
He  has  published  an  organ  sonata  in  E  flat, 
and  some  trios  for  female  voices,  and  has 
written  songs,  and  is  joint  author  (with  Rev. 
Dr.  Mee,  and  F.  C.  Woods,)  of  "  Ten  years  of 
University  music  in  Oxford  "  (Oxford  :  Bow- 
den,  1894). 

Buck,  Zechariah,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Norwich,  Sept.  9,  1798.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  Norwich  Cathedral,  under  Gar- 
land and  Beckwith.  Organist  and  choir- 
master of  Norwich  Cathedral,  from  1828  to 
1877.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantuar,  1853.  He  acquired 
great  fame  as  a  trainer  of  boys'  voices.  Died 
Newport,  Essex,  August  5,  1879. 

WoEKS. — Anthems :  Come  hither,  angel 
tongues  invite  (1849)  ;  I  heard  a  voice  from 
heaven;  0  Lord,  give  Thy  holy  spirit.  Eight 
chants  in  Farr's  collection. 

Buckenham,  J ,  of  Bramfield,  musi- 
cian of  18th  century,  issued  "  Psalm-singer's 
Devout  Exercises,  containing  (1)  new  and  com- 
pleat  introduction  to  the  grounds  of  Musick  ; 
(2)  Select  collection  of  Church  Musick  ;  (3) 
Two  chanting  tunes  ;  (4)  Sixteen  anthems 
and  alphabetical  glossary." 

Buckland,  Henry,  tenor  vocalist,  was  a 
vicar-choral  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and 
master  of  the  choristers.  He  conducted  the 
annual  festivals  of  the  Charity  children,  at 
St.  Paul's,  1863-7  ;  also  the  special  evening 
services  held  there.  A  very  good  concert 
singer.  He  died  in  London,  August  18,  1867, 
at  the  age  of  41. 

Buckley,  Mrs.,  born  Olivia  Dussek, 
pianist  and  writer,  born  in  London  in  1799. 
Daughter  of  J.  L.  Dussek,  was  taught  by  her 
mother,  and  appeared  in  public  at  the  age  of 
eight.  Organist  of  Kensington  Parish  Church, 
from  1840.  Died  in  London,  in  1847.  Author 
of  "Musical  Truths,"  London,  1843 ;  two 
books  of  "  Fairy  songs  and  ballads  for  the 


68 


BRITISH   MUSICAL  BIOGRAPHY, 


BUCKNALL. 

young,"    1846 ;    pf.    pieces ;    arrangement   of 
"  Rule  Britannia,"  for  pf.  and  harp,  etc. 

Bucknall,  Cedric,  organist  and  composer. 
Studied  privately,  and  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxfcrd,  1878.  Organist  of  All  Saints,  Clifton. 
and  of  the  Victoria  Rooms.  Has  published  a 
communion  service  in  B  flat ;  composed, 
revised,  and  selected  tunes  for  "  Hymns  for 
school  worship  "  (Novello,  1893  ?) ;  also  com- 
posed part-songs,  carols,  etc. 

Budd,  Qeorge  William,  partner  in  the 
publishing  firm  of  Calkin  and  Budd,  was  born 
in  180G.  He  was  the  founder  of  the  Western 
Madrigal  Society,  and  secretary  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  1847-50.  Edited,  for  the 
Musical  Antiquarian  Society,  the  second  set 
of  madrigals  by  John  Wilbye  ;  and  was  the 
composer  of  some  glees,  etc.  He  died  in 
London,  August  1st,  1850. 

Buddicom,  Rev.  Robert  Redder,  clergy- 
man, and  musician,  born  1770,  died  July,  1846. 
Incumbent  of  Everton,  Liverpool.  Published 
"  One  hundred  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  wuth 
chants,"  edited  by  C.  H.  Wilton,  London, 
1827.  Re-published  as  "  Devotional  Har- 
mony," consisting  of  psalms  and  hj-mns, 
Liverpool,  1833. 

Buels,  William  W.  C,  violoncellist 
and  author,  was  principal  of  the  Kensington 
School  of  Music,  London.  He  died  in  London, 
Dec.  6th,  1890.  Author  of  a  "New  and 
improved  catechism  of  the  rudiments  of 
music,"  London,  1880. 

His  father,  JoHX  Buels,  wasalsoamusiciau, 
as  are  his  brothers  Ed.  F.,  baritone  vocalist, 
and  Louis,  violinist,  and  his  sister  Marian, 
pianist. 

Bull,  John,  composer  and  organist,  was 
born  in  Somersetshire  [1563].  He  studied 
under  William  Blitheman,  and  became  organ- 
ist and  master  of  the  children  of  Hereford 
Cathedral,  1582.  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel 
Royal,  January,  1585.  Bac.  Mus.  Oxon., 
1586.  Doc.  Mus.  Oxon.,  1592.  Organist  to 
Chapel  Royal,  1591.  Professor  of  Music  at 
Gresham  College,  1596.  Travelled  on  the 
continent,  1601-5.  Married  to  Elizabeth 
Walter,  1607.  Musician  to  Prince  Henry, 
1611.  Quitted  England  without  leave  from 
his  employer,  1613.  Organist  at  Notre  Dame 
Cathedral,  Antwerp  [1617] .  He  was  organist 
in  service  of  the  Archduke  of  Austria.  He 
died  at  Hamburg,  Liibeck,  or  Antwerp, 
March  13th.  1628. 

The  productions  of  this  composer  are  men- 
tioned by  nearly  everj'  writer  as  having  been 
voluminous,  but  comparatively  few  of  them 
appear  to  have  been  printed.  Specimens  of 
his  style  can  be  seen  in  Barnard's  Collection, 
Boyce,  Leighton's  "  Teares,"  the  Fitzwilliam 
music,  "  Parthenia,"  Queen  Elizabeth's  Vir- 
ginal Book,  etc.  A  motet  for  five  voices  is 
preserved    in    Burney's    Musical    Extracts, 


BUNCE. 

British  ^Museum.  E.  Pauer  gives  specimens 
of  his  virginal  music  in  "  Old  English  Com- 
posers." The  extraordinary  celebrity  which 
this  musician  obtained  during  his  lifetime 
must  have  been  grounded  on  some  uncommon 
degree  of  merit,  either  in  his  compositions  or 
performance.  A  list  of  his  works  is  contained 
in  Ward's  "Lives  of  the  Gresham  Professors," 
and  in  addition  he  wrote  a  great  number  of 
pieces  of  sacred  vocal  music.  "  The  strength 
of  this  composer's  talents  lay  in  the  production 
and  execution  of  pieces  fully  harmonized,  and 
comprising  fugues,  double-fugues,  and  the 
various  species  of  canon ;  and  fortunately,  for 
himself,  he  lived  in  an  age  that  listened  with 

pleasure  to  music  of  that  description 

He  surmounted  old  and  ins'ented  new  difficul- 
ties ;  and  disdaining  to  be  einbarassed,  aimed, 
in  the  province  of  poh'phonic  fabrication,  at 
a  species  of  omnipotence." — Bnsbij. 

The  question  as  to  the  composition  of  the 
English  national  anthem  remains  undecided 
in  a  general  way,  though  Carey  a^jpears  to 
have  been  strongly  accredited  with  the  com- 
position. See  writings  of  Chappell,  Cummings, 
Clark,  etc.  In  connection  with  Gresham 
College,  Dr.  Bull  delivered  "  The  Oration  of 
Maistcr  John  Bull,  Doctor  of  Musicke,  and 
one  of  the  Gentlemen  of  hir  Majesty's  Royal 
Chappell,  as  he  pronounced  the  same,  before 
divers  \vorshipful  persons,  the  Aldermen  and 
Commoners  of  the  citie  of  London,  with  a 
great  multitude  of  other  people,  the  6th  day 
of  October,  1597,  in  the  new  erected  Colledge 
of  Sir  Thomas  Gresham,  Knt.  deceased:  made 
in  the  commendation  of  the  founder,  and  the 
excellent  science  of  Musicke,"  London,  este 
1597. 

Bull,  T.,  musician,  wrote  "New  and  com- 
plete modern  preceptor  for  the  royal  Kent 
bugle,"  London,  1835.  "New  instructions 
for  the  improved  flageolet,  etc.,"  London 
[1845] . 

Bumpus,  John  S.,  writer  on  music  of 
the  present  time.  Has  written  a  number  of 
valuable  antiquarian  papers  on  musical  sub- 
jects, among  which  mav  be  named  "  A  short 
history  of  English  Cathedral  Music";  "St. 
Patrick's  and  Christ  Church  Cathedrals,' Dub- 
lin"; and  "The  Organists  and  Composers  of 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral."  These  were  originally 
contributed  to  the  Musical  Standard,  1884-8. 

Bunce,  John  Thackray,  journalist,  born 
at  Farringdon,  Berkshire,  1828.  Removing 
to  Birmingham  in  1839,  he  was  educated  there ; 
and  devoting  himself  to  journalism,  became 
editor  of  the  Birmingham  Daily  Post.  Author 
of  "the  History  of  the  Birmingham  Cor- 
poration " ;  "  History  of  St.  Martin's  Church. 
Birmingham  "  ;  and  other  works.  He  origin- 
ated the  Corporation  School  of  Art,  and  has 
been  identified  with  the  Educational  and 
Scientific  work  of  the  city.    Is  a  J. P.,  and 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


69 


BUNCH. 

F.S.S.  He  claims  notice  here  as  author  of 
"  A  History  of  the  Birmingham  General 
Hospital  and  the  Musical  Festivals,  1768- 
1873,  Birmingham,  Cornish,  1873. 

Bunch,  James,  musician,  editor  of  "  Cecil- 
iana :  a  collection  of  favourite  catches,  canons, 
rondos,  and  rounds,  by  eminent  authors, 
ancient  and  modern,  in  score,  with  biograph- 
ical notes."     London,  1825. 

Bunn,  Alfred,  operatic  manager  and  libret- 
tist, was  born  at  London,  1798.  Stage  man- 
ager at  Drury  Lane  Theatre  under  EUiston, 
1823  ;  Manager  and  Lessee  of  Drury  Lane 
Theatre  from  1834.  He  died  at  Boulogne 
Dec.  20,  1860.  Bunn  adapted  a  great  number 
of  pieces  for  the  English  stage,  and  produced 
the  following  among  other  operas; — Maid  of 
Artois ;  Bohemian  Girl ;  and  Daughter  of  St. 
Mark  (Balfe)  :  Brides  of  Venice  (Benedict) ; 
Maritana  (Wallace),  etc.  He  also  wrote  a 
work  entitled  "  The  Stage,  both  before  and 
behind  the  curtain,  from  observations  taken 
on  the  spot."  3  vols.,  London,  1840.  Poems, 
London,  1816.  For  a  severe  skit  on  Bunn,  see 
"  A  word  with  Bunn,  after  Burns's  Address, 
to  the  Deil."  Bv  J.  R.  Adam,  the  Cremorne 
Poet,  London  [1847] . 

Bunnett,  Edward,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Shipdham,  Norfolk,  June  26, 
1884.  Entered  as  a  chorister  at  Norwich 
Cathedral,  1842 ;  articled  to  Dr  Buck,  1849, 
and  from  1855  to  1877  was  his  assistant  or- 
ganist and  partner.  Graduated  ^lus.  Bac, 
1857;  Mus.  Doc  ,  1869,  Cambridge;  F.C.O., 
1870.  In  January,  1849,  sang  in  the  trio 
"  Lift  thine  eyes,"  with  Jenny  Lind  and  Miss 
Dolby,  at  a  concert  given  in  Norwich.  From 
1871  to  1892  he  was  conductor  of  the  Norwich 
Musical  Union ;  has  been  organist  of  the 
Norwich  ^Musical  Festivals  since  1872  ;  of  St. 
Peter's,  ^Nlancroft,  from  1877  ;  and  Borough 
Organist  since  1880,  his  recitals  always  at- 
tracting large  audiences.  From  1890  he  has 
had  charge  of  the  pier  concerts  at  Lowestoft. 
He  celebrated  his  musical  jubJee,  April  18, 
1896,  when  he  was  presented  by  the  IMayor 
(John  Moore,  Esq.)  with  an  address  and 
handsome  testimonial  from  his  fellow  citi- 
zens. He  has  occasionally  lectured  on  Ora- 
torio and  other  subjects 

Works. — Song  of  Praise  (Degree  Exercise, 
1869)  ;  Ps.  130,  De  Profundis  (Norwich,  1880) ; 
Unison  Service  in  F ;  Office  for  the  Holy 
Communion,  in  E  ;  Services,  &c.  Anthems 
— Blessed  be  Thou  ;  If  we  believe  that  Jesus 
died;  If  ye  love  me;  and  others.  Twenty 
four  original  tunes  to  favourite  Hymns  ;  Ten 
Christmas  Carols.  Cantatas — Rhineland,  for 
soprano  solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra  (composed 
for  Mile.  Tietjens,  but  sung  by  Florence  Lan- 
cia, and  produced,  Norwich  Festival,  1872 ; 
Lora  (W.  W.  TurnbuU.  Produced  by  Norwich 
Musical  Union,  June  1,  1876).     Comedietta, 


BURGH. 

Incognita  (Mrs.  Edward  Adams,  Lowestoft, 
August,  1892).  Part-songs — The  Rhine  Mai- 
den (Norwich  Festival,  1884)  ;  Victoria, 
soprano  solo  and  chorus  (1887),  and  others. 
Various  Songs.  Andante  and  rondo,  pf.  and 
orchestra  ;  Trio,  pf.  and  strings  ;  Sonata,  pf. 
and  violin  (MS.  1873)  ;  Duet,  pf.  and  clarinet ; 
Pieces  for  pf.,  etc.  Eight  organ  pieces;  Six 
original  compositions  for  organ  (1884)  ; 
Twelve  short  and  easy  pieces  for  organ  ; 
Largo  in  E  fiat,  for  organ  ;  Ave  Maria,  etc. 

Bunning,  Herbert,  composer  of  the 
present  time.  Studied  in  France  and  Italy, 
chiefly  in  Milan,  under  Vincenzo  Ferroni. 
Settled  in  London  about  the  close  of  1891. 
Of  his  compositions,  a  Scena,  for  baritone, 
"  Ludovico  il  Moro,"  was  given  at  the  Crvstal 
Palace  Concerts,  February  27,  1892,  the  late 
Engine  Oudin  being  the  singer ;  and  a  "  Vil- 
lage Suite,"  in  four  movements,  for  orchestra, 
was  produced  at  the  same,  April  4,  1896.  He 
has  composed  an  opera,  "  The  Last  days  of 
Pompeii;"  Two  symphonic  poems,  and  a 
Rhapsody,  for  orchestra ;  a  string  quartet, 
and  some  songs. 

Bunting,  Edward,  musician  and  editor, 
was  born  at  Armagh,  in  February,  1773.  He 
was  articled  assistant  to  Weir,  at  a  church  iu 
Belfast,  in  1784.  Organist  of  St.  Stephen's 
chapel,  Belfast.  ^Married  to  [Miss  Chapman, 
1819.    He  died  at  Dublin,  December  21, 1843. 

Works. — A  General  Collection  of  the  An- 
cient Irish  ]\Iusic ;  containing  a  variety  of 
admired  airs  never  before  published,  and  also 
the  compositions  of  Conolan  and  Carolan, 
Lond.,  1796.  A  General  Collection  of  the 
Ancient  Music  of  Ireland,  arranged  for  the 
Pianoforte  ;  some  of  the  most  admired  Melo- 
dies are  adapted  for  the  Voice,  to  poetry 
chiefly  translated  from  the  original  Irish 
songs  by  Thomas  Campbell,  Esq.,  and  other 
eminent  poets  ;  to  which  is  prefaced  an  His- 
torical and  Critical  Dissertation  on  the  Egyp- 
tian, British,  and  Irish  Harp,  London,  1809. 
The  Ancient  Music  of  Ireland,  arranged  for 
the  Pianoforte  ;  to  which  is  prefixed  a  Dis- 
sertation ou  the  Irish  Harps  and  Harpers, 
including  an  account  of  the  Old  ^lelodies  of 
Ireland.  Dublin,  1840.  These  collections  of 
Irish  music  are  among  the  best  which  have 
been  made,  and  Bunting  is  regarded  as  a 
fairly  accurate  compiler. 

Burgess,  Alexander,  the  "  Fife  Paga- 
nini,"  violinist,  and  poet,  born  in  Fife,  in 
1807 ;  drowned  at  Whin  Quarry,  Starr,  Fife, 
August  2,  1886.  lie  will  be  best  remembered 
in  Scotland,  as  a  contributor  of  humorous 
phonetically  spelt  verses  to  the  People's  Jour- 
nal, under  the  sign&ture  oi  "Poute."  Some 
of  these  poems  were  collected  as  "  Nettercaps, 
being  poutery,  prose,  and  verse,"  1875.  his 
fame  as  a  violinist  was  only  local. 

Burgh,    A    .   .   ,   writer,   who  graduated 


70 


BEITISH   MUSICAL  BIOGEAPHY. 


BURGHERSH. 

M.A.  at  one  of  the  Universities.  He  com- 
piled "  Anecdotes  of  Music,  historical  and 
biographical,  in  a  series  of  letters  from  a 
gentleman  to  his  daughter,"  London,  J814, 
3  vols. 

Burghersh,  Lord,  see  Westmoreland, 
Earl  of. 

Burgon,  William  Henry,  hass  vocalist, 
born  at  Croydon,  in  1858.  Studied  under 
Manuel  Garcia,  at  the  Loudon  Academy  of 
Music.  Made  his  debut  in  oratorio,  1881, 
singing  in  Bach's  Mass  in  B  minor  (Bach 
Choir),  June  1st,  and  in  Judas  MaccabLCus 
(Sacred  Harmonic  Society),  in  ^November. 
Has  since  sung  for  the  principal  choral  socie- 
ties in  Loudon,  Liverpool,  Glasgow,  aud  else- 
where. Sang  in  opera  at  Covent  Garden, 
1884,  and  afterwards  joined  the  Carl  Rosa 
company.  He  was  the  original  Osiap  in 
Thoii:as's  "  Nadeshda  "  (produced  at  Drury 
Lane,  April  16th,  1885),  and  Count  des  Grieux, 
in  Massenet's  "  Manon,"  at  its  first  perform- 
ance at  Drury  Lane,  May  7th,  1885.  Of  his 
later  assumptions  are  Cedric,  in  "  Ivauhoe," 
1891,  and  Louis  XII.  in  Messager's  "  La 
Basoche." 

Burgoyne,  Montagu,  sec  H.^eris 
(J.  Macdonald). 

Burnet,  Alfred,  musician.  Published 
"Instructions  for  the  Spanish  guitar,  founded 
on  the  systems  of  CaruUi,  Giuliani,  etc." 
London,  1829. 

Burnet,  George,  amateur  musician  and 
herald,  who  held  the  office  of  Lyon  king  of 
arms  in  Edinburgh.  He  died  at  Edinburgh, 
January  24th,  1890.  He  was  an  authority  on 
Scottish  heraldry,  and  edited  several  antiqua- 
rian works.  For  many  j'ears  he  acted  as 
musical  critic  to  the  Edinburgh  newspapers, 
and  was  a  very  enthusiastic  amateur  musician. 

Burnett,  Alfred,  violinist.  Edicatedat 
R.A.M.,  wliere  he  is  now  professor  of  the 
violin,  and  viola,  also  hon.  It. A.M.  Has 
appeared  in  chamber  concerts,  London  ;  was 
principal  violin  of  the  Reading  Philharmonic 
Society  ;  aud,  since  1885,  has  been  principal 
violin  in  the  Birmingham  Festival  orchestra. 
Was  ad  interun  conductor  of  R.A.M.  concerts, 
1888.  In  1893,  succeeded  Mr.  J.  T.  Carrodus 
as  principal  violin  at  the  Worcester  Festival ; 
and  since  the  death  of  that  artist,  has  filled 
the  same  post  at  the  other  meetings  of  the 
Three  Choirs.  Ho  has  written  some  pieces 
for  four  violins,  for  the  use  of  learners. 

Burnett,  Henry,  tenor  vocalist.  Studied 
under  Sir  George  Smart,  upon  whose  recom- 
mendation he  was  elected  a  pupil  of  the  R.A.M. 
There  he  met  Fanny  Dickens  (eldest  sister  of 
the  great  novelist),  whom  he  married.  He 
appeared  on  the  stage  with  success,  and  settled 
for  some  years  in  Manchester,  singing  at  the 
Gentlemen's  Concerts  in  1842;  at  the  Liverpool 
Philharmonic  Concerts,   1844,  and  in  many 


BURNEY. 

provincial  towns.  His  wife  died  in  1848,  and 
soon  afterwards  a  delicate  little  boy,  who  was 
the  original  of  Paul  Dombey.  Burnett 
appears  to  have  retired  soon  afterwards.  He 
died  at  his  residence,  Titchfield,  Hampshire, 
in  February,  1893,  in  his  82nd  year.  He 
composed  a  number  of  songs,  published  for 
the  most  part  under  an  assumed  name.  His 
son,  Walter  Burnett,  a  professor  of  music, 
died  at  Ilatcham,  London,  July  27th,  1887, 
aged  37. 

Burnett,  Nathan  J.,  see  Sporle 
(Nathan  J.) 

Burney,  Charles,  author,  organist,  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Shrewsbury,  April  7th, 
1726.  He  was  the  son  of  James  and  Anne 
Macburney,  and  was  baptized  as  such  on  May 
5th,  1726.  He  never  used  the  prefix  Mac. 
Educated  at  the  Free  School,  Shrewsbury, 
and  at  Chester  Public  School.  He  studied 
music  under  Baker,  organist  of  Chester  Cathe- 
dral, aud  in  London  under  Dr.  Arne,  1744- 
47.  Organist  of  St.  Dionis  Back-Church, 
Fenchurch  Street,  JiOndon,  1749.  Harpsi- 
chord player  at  the  subscription  concerts, 
King's  Arms,  Cornhill.  Organist  at  Lynn- 
Regis,  Norfolk,  1751-60.  Bac.  and  Doc.  of 
Music,  Oxford,  1769.  He  travelled  in  Italy, 
1770,  and  returned  to  London,  1771.  He 
also  travelled  in  Germany,  the  Netherlands, 
etc.,  during  1772.  Elected  Fellow  of  Royal 
Society.  1773.  Organist  of  Chelsea  College, 
1783.  In  1806  he  received  a  pension  of  £300 
from  Fox,  and  in  1810  he  was  made  member 
of  the  Institute  of  France.  He  died  at  Chel- 
sea, April  12th,  1814. 

Works. — Translation  of  Signer  Tartini's 
Letter  to  Signer  Lombardini,  published  as  an 
important  lesson  to  performers  on  the  violin, 
Loudon,  1771.  The  Present  state  of  music  in 
France  and  Italy,  or  the  journal  of  a  tour 
through  those  countries,  undertaken  to  collect 
materials  for  a  general  history  of  music, 
London,  1771.  The  Present  state  of  music  in 
Germany,  the  Netherlands,  and  United  Prov- 
inces, or  the  journal  of  a  tour  through  those 
countries,  undertaken  to  collect  materials  for 
a  general  history  of  music,  London,  1773. 
2  vols.  A  General  History  of  music,  from 
the  earliest  ages  to  the  present  period, 
to  which  is  prefixed  a  dissertation  on  the 
music  of  the  ancients,  London,  four  vols., 
1776-1789.  An  account  of  the  musical  per- 
formances in  Westminster  Abbey  and  the 
Pantheon,  May  26th,  27th,  29th,  and  June 
the  3rd  and  5th,  1784,  in  commemoration  of 
Handel,  London,  1785;  Dublin  edition,  1785. 
A  paper  on  Crotch,  the  infant  musician,  pre- 
sented to  the  Royal  Society,  Transactions, 
1779.  Striking  views  of  Lamia,  the  celebrated 
flute-player,  Massachusset's  Magazine,  1786. 
Memoirs  of  the  life  and  writings  of  the  Abbate 
Metastasio,  in  which  are  incorporated  trans- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


71 


BURNS. 

lations  of  his  principal  letters,  London, 
3  vols.,  1796.  A  plan  for  a  music  school, 
London,  1774.  An  essay  towards  the  history 
of  comets,  London,  1769.  Articles  on  music 
in  Ree's  Encyclopaedia.  Sonata  for  two  violins 
and  a  bass,  1765.  Six  concert  pieces,  with 
an  introduction  for  the  diapasons  aud  fugue 
proper  for  young  organists  and  practitioners 
on  the  harpsichord.  Twelve  canzonets  from 
Metastasio.  Six  duets  for  the  German  flute. 
Six  concertos  for  the  violin,  in  eight  parts. 
Two  sonatas  for  pf.,  violin,  and  'cello.  Six 
harpsichord  lessons.  Two  sonatas  for  harp 
or  pf.,  with  accomp.  for  violin  or  'cello.  An- 
thems, glees,  instrumental  music,  etc. 

Buruey  is  best  known  to  musicians  of  the 
present  day  by  his  "  History  of  music  ;  "  a 
■work  of  much  learning  and  ability.  It  is 
written  in  a  pleasant  stj'le,  but  its  historical 
value  is  somewhat  destroyed  by  a  vexatious 
absence  of  dates.  He  has  given  much  space 
to  the  glorification  of  forgotten  Italian  com- 
posers, and  comparatively  little  to  the  more 
interesting  musicians  of  other  nationalities. 
The  "  History  "  is  less  valuable  than  that  of 
Hawkins,  though  much  superior  to  it  from  a 
literary  point  of  view.  His  most  successful 
musical  effort  was  an  adaptation  of  Rousseau's 
"Devin  du  Village,"  produced  under  the  title 
of  "  The  cunning  man."  His  daughter 
Frances  was  the  Madame  D'Arblay  of  English 
literary  renown.  It  may  further  be  added 
that  Burney  was  one  of  the  most  esteemed 
organists  of  his  time.  His  brother  James 
(born  1709  ;  died  1789),  was  organist  at 
Shrewsbury  for  many  years. 

Burns,  Daniel  Joseph,  Irish  organist 
and  writer.  Organist  of  St.  Patrick's  Church, 
and  of  St.  Malachy's  College,  Belfast.  Con- 
ductor of  the  Philo-Celtic  Society.  Author  of 
"  Practical  Notes  upon  Harmony  and  Counter- 
point for  Junior  Pupils."  London  [1883]. 
"  Exercises  in  Figured  Bass."  London,  n.d. 
Burns,  Qeorgina  (Mrs.  Leslie  Crotty), 
soprano  vocalist,  born  in  London,  1860. 
Granddaughter  of  Rev.  Jabez  Burns.  Dis- 
played musical  talent  at  an  early  age,  and 
first  appeared  at  the  Westminster  Aquarium 
Promenade  Concerts.  She  made  her  first 
appearance  in  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company 
at  the  Adelphi  Theatre,  February  11,  1878, 
when  she  took  the  part  of  Ann  Page  in  "  The 
Merry  Wives  of  Windsor."  During  the  time 
she  remained  with  the  Company  she  sang 
with  success  in  many  operas,  creating  the 
part  of  Filina — in  English — in  "  Mignon," 
and  the  titular  part  of  Goring  Thomas's 
"  Esmeralda,"  was  written  expressly  for  her. 
In  1882,  she  married  Leslie  Crotty  (q-v.),  the 
popular  baritone,  and  when  the  pair  quitted 
the  I'arl  Rosa  Company,  they  started  a  light 
Opera  Company,  and  revived  with  much  suc- 
cess, Rossini's  "  La  Cenereutola,"  in  English, 


BURTON. 

with  which  they  undertook  tours  throughout 
the  United  Kingdom. 

Burns,  John,  Scottish  violinist  and  com- 
poser, of  early  part  of  19th  century,  published 
"  Strathspeys,  reels,  jigs,  etc.,  for  the  pf., 
violin  aud  violoncello."     Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Burrowes,  John  Freckleton,  writer  and 
composer,  was  born  in  London,  April  23, 1787. 
He  studied  under  W.  Horsley,and  was  a  Mem- 
ber of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  Organist 
of  St.  James's  Church,  Piccadilly,  London. 
He  died  at  London,  March  31,  1852. 

Works. — Op.  1.  Six  English  Ballads,  for 
voice  and  pf.  ;  Sonatas  for  pf.  and  flute,  and 
for  pf.  and  'cello  ;  Overture  for  full  orch.,  pro- 
duced by  Philharmonic  Society  ;  Six  Divert- 
issements for  pf. ;  Three  Sonatas  for  pf.  and 
violin;  Sonata  for  pf.,  on  Scotch  airs,  op.  9  ; 
-Select  airs  from  Mozart's  operas,  for  pf.  aud 
flute,  18  numbers ;  Mozart's  overtures,  ar- 
ranged for  pf.,  violin,  flute,  and  'cello  ;  Duets, 
for  harp  and  other  instruments.  Collection 
of  Psalm  Tunes,  with  figured  bass,  n.d.  Bur- 
rowes' Pianoforte  Primer,  containing  the  rudi- 
ments of  ]\Iusic,  in  question  and  answer, 
calculated  either  for  private  tuition  or  teach- 
ing in  classes  :  London,  1822.  The  Thorough- 
bass Primer  :  London,  1818.  Companion  to 
the  Thorough-bass  Primer  :  London,  1835. 
Songs,  part-songs,  etc. 

Burstall,  Frederick  Hampton,  organist, 
born  in  Liverpool,  January  29,  1851.  Studied 
under  Dr.  Rohner,  and  in  1870  was  appointed 
organist  of  Childwall  Parish  Church.  In  1876, 
he  obtained  the  post  of  organist  at  Wallasey 
Church.  When  the  new  Diocese  of  Liverpool 
was  formed,  in  1880,  he  was  elected  organist 
and  director  of  the  choir  at  the  Cathedral 
Church.  In  1883,  he  formed  a  large  special 
choir  for  oratorio  services,  and  in  1889  under- 
took the  parochial  Sunday  services,  resigning 
his  post  at  Wallasey.  He  is  a  clever  per- 
former, and  has  given  organ  recitals  at  St. 
George's  Hall.  He  married,  in  1875,  Mintie, 
daughter  of  the  late  Samuel  Martin,  ship- 
owner, of  Liverpool.  His  wife  is  an  excellent 
musician.  Of  his  compositions  the  principal 
is  a  Festival  Te  Deum  ;  he  has  also  written 
anthems,  motets,  songs,  and  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Burton,  Avery,  English  composer,  who 
flourished  during  the  16th  century.  His 
compositions  are  preserved  in  MS.  in  the 
Music  School  of  Oxford. 

Burton,  John,  English  composer  and 
harpsichord  player,  born  in  Yorkshire,  in 
1730.  He  studied  under  Keeble,  and  died  in 
1785. 

Works. — Ten  sonatas  for  the  harpsichord, 
organ,  or  pianoforte  ;  Six  trios  for  the  harpsi- 
chord and  violins.  Six  solos  for  the  harpsi- 
chord.    Songs,  glees,  organ  music,  etc. 

Burton,  Robert  Senior, organist, pianist, 
and  conductor,  born  at  Dewsbury,  Yorkshire, 


72 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BURTON. 

in  1820.  Studied  under  Cipriani  Potter,  and 
commenced  his  career  in  Leeds,  in  1840,  suc- 
ceeding Dr.  S.  S.  Wesley  as  organist  of  Leeds 
Parish  Church  in  1849.  Was  chorus-master 
of  the  first  Musical  Festival,  Leeds,  1858,  and 
conducted  choral  societies  at  different  periods 
in  York,  Barnsley,  Leeds,  Wakefield,  Brad- 
ford, and  Halifax.  He  eventually  settled  at 
Harrogate,  where  he  founded  a  Choral  Society, 
1880 ;  he  was  also  musical  director  at  the 
Spa ;  and,  up  to  his  death,  organist  of  St. 
Peter's  Clmrch.  He  was  a  fine  performer  on 
the  organ,  an  admirable  accompanist,  and 
had  a  high  reputation  as  a  choir  trainer  and 
teacher  of  singing.  He  died  at  Harrogate, 
August  2,  1892. 

Burton,  T.  Arthur,  organist  and  choir- 
master of  St.  Augustine's  Church,  Bourne- 
mouth, and  conductor  <  f  a  musical  society  in 
that  town,  is  the  composer  of  an  oratorio, 
"  Jonah,"  produced  at  Bournemouth,  January 
28,  1881.  He  has  written  a  concert  march 
for  organ,  etc. 

Busby,  Thomas,  composer  and  author, 
was  born  at  Westminster,  in  December,  1755. 
Articled  to  Battishill,  1769-74.  Successively 
Organist  of  S.  Mary's,  Newington,  Surrey,  and 
at  S.  ^lary,  Wooluoth,  Lombard  Street,  1798. 
Mus.  Doc.  Cantab.,  1800.  LL.D.,  Cambridge". 
He  died  at  Islington,  London,  May  28,  1838. 
Works. — The  Prophecj',  oratorio,  March, 
1799;  Ode— British  Genius,  from  Grey  ;  Ode 
to  St.  Cecilia's  Day,  Pope;  Comala,  a  Dra- 
matic Romance  from  Ossian,  1800  ;  Thanks- 
giving Ode  (Degree  exercise),  1800  ;  ^Nlusic  to 
Joanna,  drama  by  R.  Cumberland,  1800 ; 
Music  to  ^I.  G.  Lewis's  Rugantino,  1805 ; 
The  Divine  Harmonist,  a  collection  of  An- 
thems, etc.,  1788;  ^lelodia  Britannica,  do., 
1790  (unfinished).  Sonatas  for  the  pf.  An- 
them for  the  Funeral  of  Battishill.  Jliscel- 
laneous  anthems,  glees,  songs;  !Music  to 
Holcroft's  Tale  of  Mystery,  1802  ;  :\rusic  to 
Porter's  Fair  Fugitives.  Dictionary  of  ^lusic, 
with  Introduction  to  the  First  Principles  of 
that  Science,  London,  8vo.,  1786.  A  Gram- 
mar of  ^lusic  :  to  which  are  prefixed  Obser- 
vations explanatory  of  the  Properties  and 
Powers  of  IMusic  as  a  Science,  and  of  the 
general  scope  and  object  of  the  work,  London, 
1818.  A  General  history  of  Music,  from  the 
earliest  times  to  the  ^^resent ;  comprising  the 
Lives  of  Eminent  Composers  and  Musical 
Writers,  London,  2  vols.,  1819  (Whittaker). 
Concert  l^oom  and  Orchestra,  Anecdotes  of 
Music  and  Musicians,  Ancient  and  Modern, 
3  vols.,  London,  1825.  Musical  ^lanual,  or 
Technical  Directory,  with  Descriptions  of 
various  Voices  and  Instruments,  London, 
1828. 

Bussell,  Rev.  Frederick  William,  com- 
poser, son  of  the  Rev.  F.  Bussell,  vicar  of 
Great  Marlow,  born  at  Cadmore  End,  Oxford- 


BUTLER. 

shire,  April  23,  1862,  of  a  Devonshire  family. 
Educated  at  Charter  House,  1876-81 ;  Demy 
of  ^lagdalen  College,  Oxford,  1880;  Craven 
Scholar,  and  B.A.,  1885  (First  Class  Classics, 
Lit.  Hum.,  Theology);  M.A.,  1887;  B.D., 
1892:  :\Ius.  B.,  1892.  Musical  training  pri- 
vate. Fellow,  tutor,  chaplain,  junior  dean, 
Brazenose  College,  Oxford  ;  Select  Preacher 
to  the  University,  Oxford,  1896  ;  and  Morley 
Lecturer  at  >t.  Margaret's,  Westminster. 

Works. — Magnificat  (Latin),  for  five  voices, 
small  orchestra,  and  organ  ;  Mass  in  G  minor, 
voices,  orchestra,  and  organ  (performed  at 
Italian  Church,  Hatton  Garden,  Sept.  1892). 
Incidental  music  to  "The  ^Merchant  of  Ven- 
ice," composed  for  Oxford  University  Dram- 
atic Society,  and  produced  ai  the  New  Theatre, 
February,  1895.  Collaborator  in  preparation 
of  "Songs  of  the  West"  (Methuen),  and 
"English  Minstrelsie"  (Edinburgh,  Jack). 
Has  published  the  "School  of  Plato"  (Meth- 
uen, 1895),  and  other  works. 

Buswell,  John,  composer  of  the  18th 
century,  who  was  connected  with  the  Chapel 
Royal.  He  graduated  !Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge, 
in  1757,  and  Mus.  Doc,  Oxford,  in  1759. 
Composer  of  songs  and  other  vocal  music. 

Butler,  Charles,  musician  and  author, 
born  at  Wycombe,  Bucks.,  in  1559.  M.A., 
Oxford.  Master  of  the  Free  school  at  Basing- 
stoke, Hants.  Vicar  at  Wooton,  St  Lawrence, 
Hants.     He  died  on  March  29,  1647. 

Works. — The  Feminine  Monarchic;  or,  the 
Historic  of  Bees  .  .  .  proving  that  in  the  Bees' 
song  are  the  grounds  of  Musicke.  Oxford, 
1609;  other  editions.  The  Principles  of  Musick 
in  singing  and  setting  :  with  the  twofold  use 
thereof,  ecclesiastical  and  civil.  London, 
16-36.  An  English  Grammar,  and  other  works. 
The  first  work  is  a  curious  production ;  the 
second  a  learned  treatise  on  theory  and  on 
the  abuses  in  sacred  and  secular  music.  His 
works  were  printed  partly  in  characters  taken 
from  the  Anglo-Saxon  alphabet,  partly  in 
others  of  his  own  invention,  which  are  de- 
scribed in  his  Grammar. 

Butler,  Charles,  English  musician,  and 
author,  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  London,  wrote  "  Re- 
minisences,  witli  a  letter  to  a  lady,  on  ancient 
and  modern  music."     1824,  4th  ed. 

Butler,  Thomas  Hamly,  composer  and 
pianist,  was  born  at  London,  1762.  He  studied 
under  Dr.  Nares  at  the  Chapel  Royal,  and 
under  Piccini  in  Italj'.  Composer  to  Drury 
Lane  Theatre,  under  Sheridan.  Teacher  and 
pianist  in  Edinburgh.  He  died  at  Edinburgh, 
1823. 

Works.— The  Widow  of  Delphi  (R.  Cum- 
berland), musical  drama,    1780.     Rondos  on 
the   following   Scotch   airs : — Duncan   Gray, 
Flowers  of  Edinburgh,  I'll  gang  nae  mair  to 
I  yon  toun,  Lewie  Gordon,  Roy's  Wife,  There's 
i  cauld  kail  in  Aberdeen,  etc.  (Clementi).     A 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


73 


BUTT. 

select  collection  of  original  Scottish  airs, 
arranged  for  one  and  two  voices,  with  intro- 
ductory and  concluding  symphonies  for  the 
flute,  violin,  and  pf.,  Edinburgh  [1790]. 
Sonatas  for  the  pf.  (various).  Songs,  part- 
songs,  single  pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

Butt,  Clara,  contralto  vocalist,  born  at 
Southwick,  near  Brighton.  Studied  under 
D.  W.  Rootham,  Bristol,  for  some  years,  and 
sang  at  Miss  Lock's  concert,  December,  1889, 
with  success.  Entering  the  R.C.M.,  she  dis- 
tinguished herself  at  the  College  concerts,  and 
particularly  in  the  performances  of  opera. 
She  made  her  debut  at  the  Albert  Hall,  as 
Ursula  in  Sullivan's  "  Golden  Legend,"  Dec. 
7,  1892,  and  sang  there  in  oratorio  (Israel  in 
Egypt)  the  next  year.  Her  Festival  debut 
took  place  at  Haule}',  October  21,  1893,  and 
she  sang  at  the  Bristol  Festival,  October  25, 
of  the  same  year,  she  appeared  at  the 
Handel  Festival  of  1894,  and  has  sung  at  the 
principal  London  and  provincial  concerts. 

Butterworth,  Annie,  contralto  vocalist. 
Educated  at  R.A.M.  Westmoreland  scholar, 
1871 ;  Nilsson  prize,  1878.  A.R.A.M.  She 
won  the  first  prize  for  contralto  singing  at  the 
National  Music  Meetings  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  July,  1875,  and  sang  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  concerts  twice  in  March,  1876,  in 
Beethoven's  choral  symphony,  etc.  She  soon 
gained  a  high  position  as  a  concert  singer, 
but  her  career  was  brief.  She  died  at  the  age 
of  33,  at  Hendon,  December  9th,  1885. 

Button,  H.  Elliot,  alto  vocalist,  and 
composer;  born  at  Clevedon,  Somerset,  Aug- 
ust 8th,  1861.  His  father  was  a  private 
schoolmaster  and  organist,  and  the  whole 
family  were  musical,  being  able  to  provide 
both  a  vocal  and  a  string  quartet.  In  theory 
Mr.  Button  is  self  taught.  He  is  a  pianist, 
organist,  and  violinist,  besides  being  solo  alto 
at  Holy  Trinity,  Upper  Chelsea.  He  was 
awarded  the  gold  medal  for  an  ode  "The  song 
of  the  sower,"  performed  at  the  National 
Co-operative  Festival  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
August  15th,  1891.  His  compositions  include 
"Ivry,"  a  dramatic  ballad  for  baritone  solo, 
•chorus, and  orchestra  (1892);  anthems,  chants, 
etc. ;  part-songs  ;  songs  for  children  ;  organ 
pieces,  etc.  Edited  the  third  series  of  the 
Bristol  Tune  Book,  and  other  collections. 

Butts,  Thomas,  English  musician  of  the 
18th  century.  Compiler  of  "  Harmonia 
Sacra,  or  a  choice  collection  of  psalm  and 
hymn  tunes  ...  in  2,  3,  and  4  parts  .  .  .  made 
use  of  in  the  principal  chapels  and  churches 
in  London."  London,  n.d.  [c.  1776  or  1780] . 
Byrd,  or  Birde,  William,  composer  and 
organist,  was  born  [at  Lincoln]  about  1538. 
Senior  chorister  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1554. 
He  studied  under  Tallis.  Organist  of  Lincoln 
Cathedral,  1563-72.  Gentleman  of  Chapel 
Royal,  1569.     Organist  of  Chapel  Royal  (with 


BYRNE. 

Tallis),  1575.     He  died  at  London,  July  4th, 
1623. 

Works.  — Cantiones  quae  ab  argumento 
sacrse  vocantur  quinque  et  sex  partium,  1575. 
Psalmes,  sonets,  and  songs  of  sadnes  and 
pietie,  made  into  musicke  of  five  partes, 
London,  1588.  Songs  of  sundrie  natures, 
some  of  gravitie,  and  others  of  inyrth,  fit  for 
all  companies  and  voyces,  lately  made  and 
composed  into  musicke  of  three,  four,  five, 
and  six  parts,  London,  1589.  Liber  primus 
sacrarum  cantionum  quartum  alise  ad 
quinque,  alise  uno  ad  sex  voces  aedita  sunt, 
London,  1589  ;  reprinted  by  Musical  Anti- 
quarian Society,  edited  by  W.  Horsley.  Liber 
secundus  sacrarum  cantionum  quartum  alise 
ad  quinque,  alise  uno  ad  sex  voces  aedita  sunt, 
London,  1591.  Gradualia,  ac  cantiones  sacrae 
libr  primus,  1607.  Gradualia,  ac  cantiones 
sacrse  liber  secundus,  1610.  Psalmes,  songs, 
and  sonnets,  some solemne, others  joyfull,etc., 
1611.  Parthenia,  or  the  maidenhead  of  the 
first  musick  that  ever  was  printed  for  the 
virginals,  composed  by  the  three  famous 
masters,  William  Byrd,  Dr.  John  Bull,  and 
Orlando  Gibbons,  Gentlemen  of  Her  Majestie's 
Chappell,  London,  1655.  Service  in  D  minor 
(Boyce)  ;  Three  anthems  (Boyce)  ;  Mass  for 
five  voices  (Mus.  Ant.  Soc,  Rimbault),  1841  ; 
Compositions  contained  in  the  royal  virginal 
book ;  Compositions  contained  in  Lady 
Neville's  musick  book,  1591 ;  Music  in  Leigh- 
ton's  "Teares;"  Non  nobis  dominae,  in 
Hilton's  Catches,  1652.  Madrigals  in  various 
collections ;  Two  other  masses ;  anthems,  etc. 

Byrd  was  one  of  the  greatest  composers  of 
the  16th  century.  He  lived  at  a  period  when 
the  musical  glory  of  England  was  supreme. 
Among  his  contemporaries  were  such  men  as 
Tallis,  Tye,  Farrant,  Dowland,  Bull,  Morley, 
Hooper,  Gibbons,  Wilbye,  Lawes,  Weelkes, 
and  Parsons.  Byrd's  claims  to  recognition 
rest  chiefly  on  his  sacred  music,  which  la 
both  dignified  and  grand  without  undue 
elaboration.  He  was  one  of  the  first  in 
England  to  make  use  of  the  madrigal  as  an 
expressive  musical  form,  though  it  must  be 
admitted  that  his  treatment  of  works  of  this 
class  is  not  generally  so  happy  as  that  of 
some  of  his  successors.  He  was  an  organist 
of  much  ability.  His  compositions  for  the 
virginals  are  somewhat  dry  and  elaborated 
exercises  in  counterpoint.  Byrd  secured  with 
Tallis,  in  1575,  by  patent,  the  supreme  right 
to  publish  music  in  England,  and  under  this 
patent  they  published  the  collection  of  sacred 
music  first  named  in  the  foregoing  list  of 
Byrd's  compositions. 

Byrn,  Adelaide  C,  see  sub  Baly, 
William. 

Byrne,  C.  S.,  musician.  Published  a 
"  Selection  of  Scottish  melodies,  with  words 
by  George  Linley."     London,  1827. 


74 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BYRNE. 

Byrne,  Patrick,  Irish  harpist  and  com- 
poser. Was  born  at  Farney,  about  the  end 
of  ISth  century.     He  died  at  Dundalk,  18G3. 

Bywater,  Thomas,  tenor  vocalist  and 
composer.  A  native  of  Staffordshire.  For 
many  years  he  was  very  popular  in  Birming- 
ham, Wolverhampton,  and  the  midlands. 
He  has  sung  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  and  other 
places.  He  is  also  a  clever  organist,  and  was 
for  some  time  organist  of  St.  Mark's,  Wolver- 
hampton, but  is  now  chiefly  engaged  as  a 
concert  agent.  He  is  blind.  Some  songs  of 
his  have  been  published  ;  and  in  1876  he 
issued  a  Collection  of  twenty-five  hymu  tunes, 
and  twelve  chants  (Novello). 

Caerwarden,  John,  composer  and  teacher 
of  the  violin,  who  flourished  during  the  17th 
century.  He  was  a  member  of  the  private 
band  of  Charles  I.  Hawkins  mentions  him 
as  having  been  a  noted  teacher  but  a  harsh 
composer. 

Caesar,  Julius,  physician  and  composer, 
who  lived  in  Rochester  during  part  of  the 
17th  and  18th  centuries.  He  was  an  amateur 
composer  only,  but  Hawkins  speaks  of  two  of 
his  catches  appearing  in  the  "  Pleasant  Mu- 
sical Companion,"  1T26,  as  being  "  inferior 
to   none  in  that  collection." 

Calah,  John,  organist  and  composer,  who 
was  born  in  1758.  He  was  organist  of  Peter- 
borough Cathedral  at  the  end  of  the  18th 
century,  and  died  on  August  4,  1798.  He 
wrote  music  for  the  Church  service,  hymns, 
ballads,  and  sonatas  for  the  pf.,  etc. 

Caldicott,  Alfred  James,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Worcester,  November  26, 
1842  Of  a  musical  family,  he,  with  six 
brothers,  went  through  a  course  of  training 
in  the  choir  of  Worcester  Cathedral.  At  the 
age  of  fourteen  he  was  articled  to  William 
Done,  the  organist,  whose  assistant  he  be- 
came. He  afterwards  studied  at  Leipzig 
Conservatorium,  under  Moscheles,  Haupt- 
mann,  E.  F.  Richter,  and  others,  and  in 
1864  settled  in  Worcester.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Cambridge,  1878.  Organist,  St.  Ste- 
phen's Church,  and  to  the  Corporation  of 
Worcester  ;  Conductor  of  the  Musical  and 
Instrumental  Societies.  In  1882  he  removed 
to  Torquay,  and  the  following  year  settled  in 
London,  and  was  appointed  Professor  of  har- 
mony at  the  R.C.M.  In  1885  he  was  ap- 
pointed Musical  Director  at  the  Albert  Palace, 
Battersea,  composing  a  Dedication  Ode  for 
the  opening,  June  6.  Toured  in  America  as 
conductor  of  the  Agnes  Huntingdon  Opera 
Company,  1890-91  ;  was  appointed  Principal 
of  the  Educational  Department,  London 
College  of  Music,  1892  ;  and  Musical  Director, 
Comedy  Theatre,  1893. 

Works. — Sacred  Cantata,  The  Widow  of 
Nain   (Worcester   Festival,  1881)  ;   Cantatas 


CALKIN. 

for  female  voices — A  Rhine  Legend ;  Queen 
of  May.  Operettas— Tre&suve  Trove  (1883)  ; 
A  Moss  Rose  Rent  (1883)  ;  Old  Knockles 
(1884);  In  Cupid's  Court  (1885);  A  united 
Pair  (1886);  The  Bo'sun's  Mate  (1888) ;  pro- 
duced at  the  German  Reed  Entertainments. 
Operetta,  John  Smith  (Prince  of  Wales' 
Theatre,  1889);  The  Girton  Girl  and  the 
Milkmaid  (1893),  etc.  Winter  Days,  prize 
serious  glee  (1879,  Huddersfield) ;  Humpty 
Dumpty,  prize  humorous  glee  (1878,  Man- 
chester Gentleman's  Glee  Society)  ;  Part- 
Songs,  various.  Story  of  the  Priest  Philemon 
(Marie  Corelli),  special  accompaniment  for 
recitation,  St.  James's  Hall,  May  2,  1896.  A 
number  of  songs  ;  The  Dickens'  series,  etc. 
Editor  of  "  Morley's  Part-song  Journal." 

Calkin,  George,  violoncellist  and  teacher 
of  singing,  born  St.  Pancras,  London,  August 
10,  1829.  Youngest  son  of  James  Calkin. 
Organist  for  twenty-five  years  at  St.  ]\Iark's, 
Regent's  Park.  As  conductor  of  a  Choral 
Society,  gave  concerts  at  the  Hampstead 
Vestry  Hall.  Professor  at  the  London 
Academy  of  Music.  For  many  years  a  violon- 
cellist in  the  orchestra  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society,  Royal  Italian  Opera,  and  the  Provin- 
cial Festivals,  including  that  of  Birmingham 
in  1846,  when  "  Elijah  "  was  produced.  Is 
the  composer  of  sixteen  books  of  Soft  Volun- 
taries for  the  organ  ;  arrangements  of  aira 
from  "  Elijah,"  two  books  ;  and  organ  trans- 
criptions from  Mendelssohn,  in  eight  books 
(Novello),  all  very  popular  with  organists. 

Calkin,  James,  pianist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  London,  in  1786.  He  studied 
under  Thomas  Lyon.  Associate  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  1823.  Wrote  Symphony 
for  orchestra,  pf.  music,  string  quartets,  etc. 
He  died  at  London  in  1862. 

Calkin,  John  Baptiste,  composer,  pianist, 
and  organist,  born  in  London,  March  16,. 
1827.  Studied  under  his  father,  James  Calkin. 
Organist,  precentor,  and  choirmaster,  St. 
Columba's  College,  Ireland,  1846-53;  Woburn 
Chapel,  London,  1853-7  ;  Camden  Road 
Chapel,  1863-8;  St.  Thomas'  Church,  Cam- 
den Town,  1870-84.  F.C.O.  Member  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society ;  Member  of  the  Coun- 
cil, Trinity  College,  London ;  Professor  at 
Guildhall  School  of  Music. 

Works. — Morning  and  Evening  Services  in 
B  flar,  Op.  43.  G,  Op.  96,  and  D  ;  Te  Deum  in 
D  ;  Communion  Service  in  C,  Op.  134  ;  Mag- 
nificat and  Nunc  Dimittis  in  F.  Anthems — 
Behold,  now-  praise  ye  the  Lord  ;  I  will  always 
give  thanks ;  I  will  magnify  Thee ;  Thou 
visitest  the  Earth  ;  and  many  others.  Seven 
Introits.  Glees  and  Part-songs — Breathe  soft, 
ye  winds  ;  Come,  fill  my  boys  ;  My  Lady  is  s» 
wondrous  fair  ;  and  others.  Songs — Coming 
light  ;  Sleep  on,  my  heart  ;  Oh,  lovely 
night ;    and    others.     Quintet    and    Quartet, 


BEITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


75 


CALKIN. 

strings  ;  Trio,  pf .  and  strings ;  Sonata,  pf . 
and  violoncello.  Duet,  pf.  "  Overture  "  ; 
Youth  and  Age,  six  pieces,  pf.,  Op.  100 ; 
Eondo  grazioso,  Op.  93 ;  Les  Arpeges,  Op.  94  ; 
The  Pixie's  Revel,  Op.  95;  Les  trois  graces 
(Sonata) ;  Studies  ;  Concert  Study  in  double- 
notes;  Transcriptions,  etc.  Organ — Andante 
con  moto,  Op.  101 ;  Andante  varied  ;  Harvest 
Thanksgiving  March ;  Festal  March,  etc. ,  etc. 

Calkin,  Joseph,  violinist,  born  London, 
1781.  Studied  under  Thos.  Lyon  and  Spag- 
noletti,  and  was  violinist  at  Drury  Lane 
Theatre  from  1798  till  1808.  He  married  the 
widow  of  Mr.  Budd,  bookseller,  and  carried 
on  the  business  under  the  name  of  Calkin  and 
Budd,  booksellers  to  the  King.  In  1821  he 
was  appointed  violinist  in  the  King's  band. 
He  also  played  violin  in  the  Philharmonic 
orchestra  Died  London,  December  30,  1846. 
Calkin  assisted  at  the  capture  of  Hatfield, 
when  he  fired  at  George  III. 

His  son,  James  Joseph,  born  1813,  died 
London,  1868,  was  a  violinist ;  and  another 
son  Joseph,  known  as  Tennielli  Calkin, 
born  1816,  was  a  tenor  singer  ;  studied  under 
Lamperti  at  Milan,  and  appeared  at  the  Phil- 
harmonic and  other  concerts.  He  retired 
after  a  few  years,  and  became  a  successful 
vocal  teacher,  and  was  also  composer  of  some 
songs.     He  died  in  London,  June  6,  1874. 

Callcott,  John  George,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  July  9,  1821.  Was 
organist  of  Eaton  Episcopal  Chapel,  Eaton 
Square  ;  St.  Stephen's,  Westminster,  for  over 
thirty  years,  resigning  in  1881;  and  Parish 
Church,  Teddington,  to  1895.  Accompanist 
to  Henry  Leslie's  Choir,  1855-82,  and  was 
awarded  a  Medal  for  his  services  during  the 
visit  of  the  choir  to  Paris,  1878.  He  contri- 
buted to  the  pasticcio,  "  Harold  Glynde  (1881), 
and  composed  two  cantatas  —  Hallowe'en, 
and  The  Golden  Harvest.  He  also  wrote 
part-songs,  "Love  wakes  and  weeps,"  and 
others,  produced  by  Leslie's  Choir.  An  excel- 
lent pianist ;  he  was  almost  unrivalled  as 
an  accompanist ;  whilst  as  a  teacher  he  was 
in  great  request.  He  died  at  Teddington, 
January  7,  1895. 

His  father,  J  ohn  Callcott,  entered  the  ban  d 
of  the  Coldstream  Guards  at  an  early  age. 
He  was  one  of  those  who  had  to  beat  to  arms 
in  Brussels  on  the  eve  of  Waterloo.  He  was 
for  some  years  third  horn  in  the  Opera  or- 
chestra under  Spagnoletti,  Costa,  and  others. 
He  died  at  Richmond,  Surrey,  February  16, 
1882. 

Callcott,  John  Wall,  composer  and 
writer,  was  born  at  Kensington,  London,  No- 
vember 20,  1706.  He  was  largely  self-taught 
in  music,  but  he  had  lessons  from  Henry 
Whitney,  organist  of  Kensington  Parish 
Church.  Deputy  organist  to  Reinhold,  of 
St.  George  the  Martyr's,  Bloomsbury,  1783-5. 


CALLCOTT. 

Member  of  orchestra  of  Academy  of  Ancient 
Music.  Unsuccessful  competitor  for  prize 
offered  by  the  Catch  Club,  1784  (his  first  trial). 
Gained  three  prizes  (medals)  out  of  the  four 
offered  by  the  Catch  Club,  1785.  Mus.  Bac. 
Oxon.,  July,  1785.  Gained  two  medals,  Catch 
Club,  1786  ;  and  two  prizes  in  1787  (he  sent 
in  about  100  compositions).  Founded,  with 
others,  the  "Glee  Club,"  1787.  Gained  all 
the  prizes  offered  by  the  Catch  Club,  1789. 
Joint  organist  (with  C.  S.  Evans)  of  St.  Paul's, 
Covent  Garden,  1789.  He  studied  under 
Haydn  in  1790.  Organist  ef  Asylum  for 
Female  Orphans,  1793-1802.  Gained  nine 
medals  for  his  glets  during  1790-93.  Mus. 
Doc.  Oxon.,  1800.  Lecturer  at  the  Royal 
Institution  in  succession  to  Crotch,  1806. 
He  died  at  London,  May  15,  1821. 

Works.— Select  Collection  of  Catches,  Can- 
ons, and  Glees,  3  books  (D'Almaiue),  n.d. 
(edited) ;  Five  Glees  for  2  Trebles  and  Bass 
in  Score  ;  Five  Glees,  chiefly  for  Treble  voices. 
Op.  12;  Six  Glees  in  Score;  Collection  of 
Glees,  Canons,  and  Catches,  including  some 
pieces  never  before  published,  with  Memoir 
by  W.  Horsley  (the  editor),  2  vols.,  folio, 
Lond.,  1824.  Church  Psalmody  (selection) ; 
Services,  Anthems.  Ode  to  Fancy  (Warton;, 
degree  exercise.  Titles  of  so7ne  of  his  principal 
Glees  and  Catches— Me\\&;  Are  the  white 
hours ;  Blow,  Warder,  blow ;  Desolate  is  the 
dwelling  of  Morua ;  Dull  repining  sons  of 
care;  Drink  to  me  only;  Father  of  Heroes; 
Forgive  blest  shade ;  Erl  King ;  Farewell  to 
Lochaber ;  Friend  of  fancy ;  The  Friar ;  Go, 
idle  boy  ;  If  happily  we  wish  to  live  ;  In  the 
lonely  vale  of  streams;  Lo!  where  incumbent 
o'er  the  shade ;  Lovely  seems  the  morn's  fair 
lustre  :  Lordly  gallants  ;  The  May-fly  ;  Mark 
the  merry  elves  ;  Oh,  share  my  cottage  ;  Once 
upon  my  cheek  ;  0,  snatch  me  swift ;  0  thou 
where'er  ;  0  fancy,  friend  of  nature  ;  Peace 
to  the  souls  of  the  heroes ;  Queen  of  the 
valley ;  Red  Cross  Knight ;  Soft  and  safe  ; 
See  with  ivy  chaplet ;  Thyrsis,  when  he  left 
me  ;  Tho'  from  thy  bank ;  To  all  you  Ladies 
now  on  land ;  Thalaba  ;  Thou  pride  of  the 
forest ;  Triumphant  love  ;  Whann  battayle  ; 
When  Arthur  first ;  When  time  was  entwining ; 
Who  comes  so  dark  ;  With  sighs,  sweet  rose  ; 
Ye  Gentlemen  of  England.  Songs,  etc.  Gram- 
mar of  Music,  Lond.,  1806  (other  editions) ; 
Glees,  Catches,  and  Canons,  Op.  4  (Clementi), 
n.d. ;  Explanations  of  the  Notes,  Marks, 
Words,  etc.  used  in  IMusic  (Clementi),  n.d. 

Callcott, Maria  Hutchins.Englishmusi- 
cian,  born  in  1799  ;  died  London,  April  3, 
1859.  Sister  of  W.  H.  Callcott.  Author  of 
"  The  Singer's  Alphabet,  or  hints  on  the 
English  vowels,  etc,"  London,  1849. 

Callcott,  William  Hutchins,  composer 
and  pianist,  son  of  J.  W.  Callcott,  was  born  at 
Kensington,  September  28, 1807.     He  died  at 


76 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


CALLOW. 

London,  August  5,  1882.  Was  organist  of 
St.  Barnabas',  and  teacher  in  London,  for  a 
considerable  period.  Among  liis  various  com- 
positions may  be  named  the  following  :^ 
Pianoforte — Elegant  Extracts  from  Mendel- 
ssohn ;  Favourite  Marches,  etc.  An  enormous 
number  of  arrangements  of  classical  works 
for  pf.  solo  and  duet.  A  selection  of  Glees 
for  three  voices.  Songs,  part-songs,  etc.  "  A 
Few  Facts  in  the  Life  of  Handel,"  London, 
1859. 

His  son,  William  Robert  Stuart  (born 
in  1852  ;  died  1886),  was  also  a  musician. 
Another  of  the  nanie,  William  Callcott,  a 
violinist,  was  born  about  1800.  He  was 
principal  violinist  at  H.M.  Theatre  for  many 
years,  and  afterwards  musical  director  of  the 
Adelphi,  Olympic,  and  Astley's  Theatres. 
He  died  at  Graveseud,  November  6,  1878. 
aged  78.  He  was  father  of  William  and 
Albert  Callcott,  the  scenic  artists. 
Callow,  Mrs.,  see  stib.  Smart,  Henry. 
Calvert,  Thomas,  Scottish  musician  of 
the  latter  part  of  the  18th  and  beginning  of 
the  19th  centuries.  Published  "  A  Collection 
ofmarches,  quicksteps,  strathspeys,  and  reels," 
Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Cambridge,  Frederick,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  South  Runcton,  Norfolk, 
March  29,  1841.  Received  his  early  musical 
training  at  Norwich  Cathedral  under  Dr. 
Buck,  subsequently  studying  harmony  under 
Molique.  In  1862,  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  choirmaster  to  St.  Columba's  College, 
Dublin  ;  removing  to  St.  Mary's,  Leicester, 
in  1866  ;  and  to  the  Parish  Church,  Croydon, 
in  1868,  holding  this  position  to  the  present 
time.  Conductor  of  Croydon  Vocal  Union, 
and  of  Festivals  of  Croydon  Church  Choirs, 
1882,  etc.  Is  honorary  local  examiner  for 
R.C.M.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac. ,  Durham,  1893. 
He  won  the  prize  of  ten  guineas  offered  by 
the  Nottingham  Anacreontic  Society  for  the 
best  Glee,  in  18G.3  ;  and  among  his  published 
compositions  are,  a  Communion  Service  in  C 
(1864).  Anthems — Not  unto  us;  I  was  in 
the  Spirit ;  Offertory  sentences,  hymn-tunes, 
chants,  etc.  Postlude  in  D,  organ  ;  pianoforte 
pieces,  etc. 

Cameron,  Andrew  Robertson,  amateur 
musician  and  physician,  born  at  Logie  Cold- 
stone,  Scotland,  in  1838  Educated  at  .Aber- 
deen University.  Settled  in  Australia  as  a 
medical  practitioner  in  1867.  Died  at  Rich- 
mond, near  Sydney,  N.S.W.,  October  18,  1S76. 
He  composed  some  overtures  and  vocal  music 
and  acted  as  critic  for  various  journals. 

Camidge,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  about  1734.  Chorister  in  York 
Cathedral.  He  studied  under  Greene  and 
Handel,  and  was  organist  of  York  Cathedral, 
1756-1803.  He  died  at  York.  April  25,  1803. 
Buried  S.  Olave's  Churchyard,  York. 


CAMPBELL. 

Works. — Six  Easy  Lessons  for  the  Harp- 
sichord, York,  n.d.  ;  Glees  ;  Miscellaneous 
works  for  the  Harpsichord ;  Church  music 
and   songs,   etc. 

Camidge,  Matthew,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, son  of  the  above,  was  born  at  York, 
in  1758.  He  studied  under  Dr.  Nares  at  the 
the  Chapel  Royal,  and  was  organist  of  York 
Cathedral,  1803-1842.  He  died  at  York, 
October  28,  1844.  Buried  S.  Olave's  Church- 
yard. 

Works.— Collection  of  Tunes  adapted  to 
Sandy's  version  of  the  Psalms,  York,  1789  ; 
Sunday  Hymns,  the  words  by  the  Rev.  W. 
Mason,  York  [1795].  Musical  Companion  to 
the  Psalms  used  in  the  Church  of  St.  Michael 
le  Belfry,  and  most  of  the  churches  in  York 
and  its  vicinity,  n.d.  [1830].  Method  of 
instruction  in  music  by  questions  and  an- 
swers, n.d.  ;  Twenty-four  original  psalm  and 
hymn  tunes,  n.d.  ;  Cathedral  Music,  [1790]  ; 
Sonatas  for  the  pf..  Op.  8-9,  etc.  Instruc- 
tions for  the  pianoforte  or  harpsichord  and 
eight  sonatas  [1795] .  Marches  for  the  pf. 
Glees  and  songs. 

Camidge,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
son  of  ]\Iatthew,  was  born  at  York,  in  1790, 
He  studied  under  his  father.  Bac.  Mus., 
Camb.,  1812.  Doc.  Mus.,  Camb.,  1819.  Doc. 
Mus.,  Lambeth,  1855.  Organist  of  York 
Cathedral,  1844-1859.  He  died  at  York, 
September  29,  1859. 

Works. — Cathedral  Music,  consisting  of  a 
Service  .  .  Anthems  and  50  Double  Chants, 
1828.     Six  Glees  for  3  and  4  voices,  n.d.,  etc. 

His  son,  Thomas  Simpson  Camidge,  was 
deputy  organist  at  Y'^ork  Minster  from  1848 
to  1859.  Afterwards  organist  of  St.  Saviour's, 
York;  Hexham  Abbey,  1882;  Swindon  Parish 
Church,  1889 ;  and  Swansea.  John  Cam- 
idge, son  of  T.  S.  Camidge,  is  organist  of 
Beverley  Minster,  and  has  composed  "  Mars- 
yas  and  Apollo,"  a  musical  panorama  for 
chorus  and  orchestra,  Bridlington,  1896. 

Campbell,  Rev.  A.,  author  of  "Two 
papers  on  Church  music,  read  before  the 
Liverpool  Ecclesiastical  Musical  Society," 
Liverpool,  1854. 

Campbell,  Alexander,  writer  and 
musician.  Was  born  at  Tombea,  on  Loch 
Lubnaig,  Callander,  February  22nd,  1764. 
He  was  educated  at  Callander  Grammar 
School.  He  studied  music  at  Edinburgh 
under  Tenducci.  and  was  a  teacher  of  pf.  in 
Edinburgh.  Orgaiiistin  the  non-juring  chapel, 
Nicolson  Street,  Edinburgh.  Was  musical 
instructor  of  Sir  Walter  Scott.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  May  15th,  1824. 

Works.  —  An  introduction  to  the  history  of 
poetry  in  Scotland,  ....  Edinburgh,  1798. 
Sangs  of  the  Lowlands  of  Scotland,  carefully 
compared  with  the  original  editions,  and 
embellished  with  characteristic  designs  com- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


77 


CAMPBELL. 

posed  and  engraved  by  the  late  David  Allen, 
Esq.,  historical  painter,  Edinburgh,  1799. 
A  tour  from  Edinburgh  through  parts  of 
North  Britain,  London,  2  vols.,  1802.  An- 
other edition,  2  vols.,  1811.  The  Grampians 
desolate,  a  poem,  1804.  Albyn's  Anthology, 
or  a  select  collection  of  the  melodies  and 
vocal  poetry  peculiar  to  Scotland  and  the 
Isles,  hitherto  unpublished,  collected  and 
arranged  by  Alex.  Campbell,  the  modern 
Scottish  and  English  verses  adapted  to  the 
Highland,  Hebridean,  and  Lowland  melodies, 
written  by  Walter  Scott,  Esq.,  etc.,  Edinburgh, 
Oliver  &  Boyd,  2  vols.,  1816-1818.  Collections 
of  Scottish  songs,  with  violin,  London,  1792. 
A  second  collection  arranged  for  harpsichord, 
n.d.,  etc.  The  fine  air  now  used  with  Tanna- 
hill's  "Gloomy  winter's  now  awa',"  was 
claimed  by  Campbell  as  his  composition,  and 
it  is  said  to  have  first  appeared  in  leaflet  form 
long  before  its  alleged  first  publication  by 
Gow  as  "Lord  Balgonie's  favourite." 

Campbell,  Lady  Archibald,  musician 
of  present  time.  Author  of  "  Rainbow  music, 
the  philosophy  of  harmony  in  colour  grouping," 
London,  1886. 

Campbell,  Donald,  Scottish  writer  and 
collector.  Author  of  "  A  Treatise  on  the  lan- 
guage, poetry,  and  music  of  the  Highland 
clans,  with  illustrative  traditions  and  anec- 
dotes, and  numerous  ancient  Highland  airs," 
Edinburgh,  1862.  This  work  contains  a 
number  of  ancient  Highland  melodies  badly 
set  to  inferior  basses.  The  compiler  describes 
himself  as  "  late  lieutenant  of  the  57th 
regiment,"  and  appears  to  have  been  a  resident 
in  Port-Glasgow  on  the  Clyde.  He  was  a 
claimant  to  the  Breadalbane  Peerage. 

Campbell,  Gilbert  James,  Gilbfrto 
Ghilbeeti,  bass  vocalist,  son  of  Major-Gen- 
eral  T.  Hay  Campbell,  R.A.  He  sang  at  the 
Gloucester  Festival,  1880,  and  in  opera  at 
Her  Majesty's  Theatre  the  same  year.  Has 
sung  in  oratorio  and  other  concerts  in  various 
parts  of  the  United  Kingdom,  and  in  Ireland. 
He  married,  July  31st,  1884,  Miss  Ellen  De 
FoNBLANQUE,  soprano  vocalist,  who  sang  at 
the  Gloucester  Festival,  1880,  and  is  known 
as  an  artistic  vocalist  at  the  Monday  popular 
and  other  concerts. 

Campbell,  John,  music-sellerand  teacher, 
who  lived  in  Edinburgh  in  the  latter  half  of 
last  century.  He  published  a  collection  of 
psalmody  and  other  works. 

Campbell,  John,  amateur  musician,  was 
born  at  Paisley  in  1807  ;  died  at  Glasgow, 
October  7th,  1860.  He  was  a  merchant  in 
Glasgow,  and  issued  "The  Sacred  psaltery  in 
four  vocal  parts,  consisting  principally  of 
original  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  Glasgow 
[1854] .  He  also  edited  "  Campbell's  Selection 
of  anthem's  and  doxologies,  with  a  separate 
piano  accompaniment,"  Glasgow,  1848 ;  and 


CANTELO. 

wrote  a  few  original  anthems  of  mediocre 
quality,  some  of  which  were  once  very  popular 
in  Glasgow  and  neighbourhood. 

Campbell,  Joshua,  Scottish  collector,  who 
was  a  music-seller  and  bell-ringer  in  Glasgow, 
and  died  there  early  in  the  present  century. 
He  issued,  about  1795,  "A  collection  of  new 
Reels  and  Highland  Strathspeys,  with  a  bas& 
for  the  violoncello  and  harpsichord,"  Glas- 
gow, n.d.  "  Collection  of  favourite  tunes," 
with  variations,  etc.,  n.d. 

Campbell,  Mary  Maxwell,  musician  and 
;  poetess,  born  at  Pitlour  House,  Fife,  in  1812  ; 
j  died  at  St.  Andrew's,  January  15,  1886. 
i  Fifth  daughter  of  Sir  D.  J.  Campbell.  Com- 
poser of  the  words  and  music  of  that  blatant, 
though  well-known  song,  "  The  March  of  the 
Cameron  Men,"  and  of  "The  mole  and  the 
bat  "  (1867),  and  other  vocal  pieces. 

Campbell,  William,  Scottish  collector, 
who  flourished  in  London,  published  about 
1790,  and  later,  "  Campbell's  First  Book  of 
New  and  Favourite  Country  Dances  and 
Strathspey  Reels,  for  the  harpsichord  or  vio- 
lin." Afterwards  issued  a  "Collection  of  the 
newest  and  most  favourite  country  dances  and 
reels,"  London,  various  dates.  Of  these  col- 
lections at  least  23  books  were  issued. 

Campion,  Thomas,  poet,  dramatist,  com- 
poser, and  physician,  flourished  in  first  part 
of  17th  century,  and  died  in  February,  1619. 

Works. — Observations  on  the  art  of  Eng- 
lish poesie,  1602  :  The  first,  second,  third,  and 
fourth  booke  of  Ayres,  containing  divine  and 
morrall  songs  ;  to  be  sung  to  the  Lute  and 
Viols,  in  two,  three,  and  foure  parts  ;  or  by  one 
voyce  to  an  instrument, Loudon, 1610-12;  Songs 
of  mourning  bewailing  the  untimely  death  of 
Prince  Henry,  1613.  A  new  way  of  making 
foure  parts  in  Counter-point,  by  a  most  familiar 
I  and  infallible  rule,  1618  (and  1655  in  Playford's 
"  Introduction  to  the  skill  of  Musick  ") ;  Ayres 
for  the  Mask  of  Flowers,  1618. 

Campobello,  see  Martin,  H.  M. 

Candlish,  Rev.  Robert  Scott,  Scottish 
Free  Church  clergyman,  born  Edinburgh, 
1807;  died  1873.  He  Avrote  "The  Organ 
Question :  Statements  by  Dr.  Ritchie  and 
Dr.  Porteous  for  and  against  the  use  of  the 
Organ  in  Public  Worship,  with  an  introduc- 
tory notice."     Edinburgh,  1856. 

Cantelo,  Annie,  Mrs.  Harry  Cox,  pianist, 
born  in  Nottingham.  Studied  at  R.A.M., 
being  Sterndale  Bennett  prize-holder,  1881, 
and  LadyGoldsmid scholar,  1882.  A.R.A.M.. 
1883.  Made  her  first  appearance  in  public  at 
Mr.  Walter  Macfarren's  concert,  St.  James's 
Hall,  March  25th,  1882,  playing  the  solo  part 
of  Schumann's  pianoforte  concerto.  She  has 
given  concerts  in  Nottingham,  and  recitals 
in  London  with  much  success ;  and  is  the 
composer  of  a  sonata  in  E  minor,  and  other 
pieces  for  pf. 


78 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


CAPEL. 

Capel,  J.  M.  Composer  of  the  music  to 
a  comedietta,  "  The  composer,"  1892  ;  also 
of  "  Six  songs  ;  "  songs,  various,  and  pieces 
for  pf . 

Capes,  Rev.  John  Moore,  composer 
and  writi^r,  was  born  at  Stroud.  Was  B.A., 
Oxford,  183G ;  M.A.,  184G  Died  in  1889. 
He  composed  "The  Druid,"  a  tragic  opera, 
produced  at  St.  George's  Hall,  Liverpool, 
February  22nd,  1879.  This  work  attained 
not  more  than  local  renown.  Capes  has  also 
written  "  An  essay  on  the  growth  of  the 
musical  scale  and  of  modern  harmony," 
London,  1879. 

Caradog,  see  Jones,  Griffith  Rhys. 

Card,  William,  flute  player  and  composer, 
born  at  Salisbury,  in  1788 ;  died  at  London, 
October  4th,  1861.  He  composed  a  large 
number  of  pieces  of  music  for  the  flute, 
chiefly  arrangements,  and  published  a  few 
pf.  works.  His  son,  Edward  J.  Card,  also 
a  flute  player,  was  a  member  of  Her  Majesty's 
private  band,  and  of  the  Philharmonic  orches- 
tra. He  died  in  London,  May  16th,  1877, 
aged  60. 

Cardigan,  Cora,  flutist,  born  in  London. 
Studied  under  her  father,  and  R.  S.  Rockstro. 
Appeared  first  at  the  Koyal  Music  Hall, 
Holborn,  then  at  the  Oxford,  and  the  Royal 
Aquarium.  Her  reputation  as  an  artist  being 
now  established,  she  appeared  with  success 
on  the  concert  platform,  and  gave  a  concert 
in  Prince's  Hall,  February  17th,  1885.  She 
has  played  at  St.  James's  Hall ;  at  the  Bow 
and  Bromley  recitals  ;  and  in  the  provinces. 
Toured  for  two  years  in  America,  and  has 
fulfilled  engagements  in  Berlin  and  Nice. 
Her  playing  is  remarkable  for  brilliancy  of 
execution,  and  purity  of  tone.  In  1889,  she 
married  Herr  Louis  Honig,  a  well-known 
pianist  and  composer. 

Carew,  Miss?  English  soprano  vocalist, 
who  was  born  in  London,  October  IGth,  1799. 
She  studied  under  Welsh,  and  her  parents, 
and  originally  played  small  parts  in  Covent 
Garden  Theatre.  She  first  appeared  as  an 
operatic  vocalist  at  Covent  Garden,  in  July, 
1815.  Sang  at  the  English  Opera  House, 
1818,  etc.  She  was  also  engaged  for  the 
Philharmonic,  and  principal  London  and 
provincial  concerts.  About  1823  she  retired 
from  the  stage.     Died  [         ?] 

Carey,  Henry,  composer  and  minor  poet, 
reputed  natural  son  of  George  Saville,  Marquis 
of  Halifax,  was  born  in  1692  [1685].  Received 
some  instruction  in  music  from  Roseingrave 
and  Geminiani :  otherwise  self-taught.  He 
was  for  a  time  a  teacher  of  music,  but  was 
engaged  chiefly  in  writing  music  for  the 
theatres.  He  hanged  himself  in  Great  War- 
ner Street,  Clerkenwell,  London,  October  4, 
1743. 

Works. — Musical  Dramas,  etc. — The  Con- 


CARMICHAEL. 

trivanoes,  1715  ;  Honest  Yorkshireman,  1736; 
Amelia,  1732;  Teraminta,  1732;  Chrononho- 
tonihologos,  1734  ;  Dragon  of  Wantley  (words 
only),  1737 ;  Dragoness  (otherwise  known  as 
Marjery,  or  a  worse  Plague  than  the  Dragon), 
1738.  Betty,  1739  ;  Nancy,  1739.  Poems, 
1720 :  Cantatas,  1732.  The  Musical  Century, 
in  100  English  Ballads  on  various  Subjects 
and  Occasions,  etc.,  Lond.,  2  vols.,  1737-1740; 
Dramatic  Works  (Collected),  1743.  Inter- 
ludes— Thomas  and  Sally,  etc.  Melody  of 
"God  Save  the  Queen."  (?)  Carey  is  now 
known  only  as  the  composer  of  the  fine  ballad 
"  Sally  in  our  Alley,"  and  of  a  few  hymn 
tunes.  The  "Easter  Hymn,"  usually  attri- 
buted to  Carey,  is  not  his  composition.  His 
ballad  "Sally  in  our  Alley"  appears  to  have 
been  first  published  about  1715  as  "  (Sally  in 
our  Alley)  the  words  and  Tune  by  Mr.  Henry 
Carey."  It  is  a  folio  broadsheet  on  one  side 
of  a  single  leaf,  and  has  a  flute  part  added 
at  the  end.  The  melody  differs  considerably 
from  more  modern  versions.  In  the  1729 
edition  of  his  "Poems  on  several  occasions" 
it  first  appears  in  permanent  form  with  an 
argument  or  note  explaining  the  circum- 
stances under  which  it  was  written,  and 
referring  to  it  as  a  juvenile  effusion.  This 
does  not  give  the  tune,  nor  is  anything  said 
about  it. 

His  son  George  Saville  Carey,  born 
1743,  died  1807,  was  a  poet  and  dramatist, 
who  wrote  a  number  of  farces  and  other 
dramatic  pieces. 

Cargill,  James,  Scottish  musician  of 
present  century,  published  "  Harmonia  Sacra : 
a  collection  of  the  most  celebrated  tunes  and 
anthems,  partly  original  and  partly  extracted 
from  some  of  the  best  authors  ancient  and 
modern  ..."  Aberdeen,  n.d. 

Carlile  James,  Scottish  clergyman  and 
psalmody  editor,  was  born  about  1784.  He 
was  minister  of  the  Scottish  Church,  St. 
Mary's  Abbey,  Dublin,  1814-54.  He  died  at 
Dublin,  March  31,  1854.  Compiler  of  a  col- 
lection of  psalmody  issued  in  1828. 

Carlton,  Hugh,  author  of  "The  Genesis 
of  Harmony :  an  inquiry  into  the  laws  which 
govern  musical  composition,"  Lond.,  1882. 

Carlton,  Rev.  Richard,  clergyman  and 
composer,  flourished  during  end  of  16th  and 
beginning  of  17th  centuries.  He  wrote 
"  Twenty-one  Madrigals  for  five  voyces," 
Lond.,  1601 ;  and  contributed  "  Calm  was  the 
Air,"  a  madrigal  for  5  voices,  to  the  "  Tri- 
umphs of  Oriana."   His  biography  is  unknown. 

Carmichael,  Mary  Grant,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Birkenhead.  Pupil  of  the 
Academy  for  the  higher  development  of  piano- 
forte playing,  where  her  teachers  were  Oscar 
Beringer,  Walter  Bache,  and  Fritz  Hartvigson ; 
pupil  of  E.  Prout  for  harmony  and  compo- 
sition.    As  a  pianist  she  has  appeared  chiefly 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


79 


CARMICHAEL. 

as  an  accompanist,  at  the  Monday  Popular 
Concerts,  1884-5,  and  elsewhere ;  but  she  is 
more  widely  known  as  a  composer.  Her 
works  include  many  songs,  among  which  may 
be  named  "  Sing  Song,"  twenty  rhymes  by  C. 
Rossetti ;  "  The  Stream,"  a  series  of  connected 
vocal  pieces  in  the  manner  of  a  Liederkreis, 
produced  at  the  Lyric  Club,  November,  1887 ; 
The  Flower  of  the  Vale  ;  The  Tryst,  etc. 
Duets :  A  poor  soul  sat  sighing,  Who  is  Sylvia  ? 
Daybreak,  and  others.  A  suite  for  pf.  Duet 
(1880)  and  smaller  pf.  compositions.  She  has 
also  written  an  operetta,  "  The  Snow  Queen," 
and  is  now  engaged  on  sacred  compositions 
in  large  forms.  Translator  of  A.  Ehrlich's 
"  Celebrated  Pianists  of  the  Past  and  Present," 
London :  Grevel,  1894. 

Carmichael,  Peter,  author  of  the  "Science 
of  Music  Simplified,"  Glasgow,  1860. 

Carmichael,  S.,  author  of  "Dictionary 
of  Musical  Terms  and  Elementary  Rules," 
London,  1878. 

Carnaby,  William,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, was  born  at  London,  in  1772.  He  studied 
under  Nares  and  Ayrton  as  chorister  in  Chapel 
Royal.  Organist  at  Eye,  Suffolk,  and  at 
Huntingdon.  Bac.  Mus.,  1803.  Doc.  Mus  , 
Cantab.,  1808.  Organist  at  Hanover  Chapel, 
Regent  Street,  London,  1823.  He  died  at 
London,  Nov.  13,  1839. 

WoEKS.— Ode,  The  Tears  of  Genius.  Twelve 
Collects  for  4  voices,  in  score,  with  organ 
accompaniment ;  Sanctus  for  5  voices  ;  Six 
Canzonets  for  voice  and  pf.  ;  Six  Songs  for 
voice  and  pf.  Glees,  various.  Anthems.  MS. 
Works.  The  Singing  Primer,  or  Rudiments 
of  Solfeggi,  with  Exercises  in  the  principal 
Major  and  Minor  keys,  London,  1827. 

Carnall,  Arthur,  composer  and  organist, 
horn  at  Peterborough,  1852,  son  of  John  Car- 
nall, an  amateur,  who  was  for  years  choir- 
master of  St.  Mary's,  Peterborough.  Pupil 
of  Dr.  Chipp,  at  Ely  Cathedral.  Graduated 
Mus.  B.,  Cambridge,  1873.  Organist  of  the 
Parish  Church,  Penge. 

Works. — Overture,  orchestra,  Oxford,  1888 ; 
Quintets,  in  D  and  P,  for  wind  instruments  ; 
Quartets,  in  C  minor  (Oxford,  1887,)  and  F, 
performed  at  the  Conference  of  the  Incorpor- 
ated Society  of  Musicians,  Newcastle,  1892, 
for  strings;  Nocturne,  for  strings,  1894.  Album 
of  duets,  violin,  and  pf. ;  pieces  for  pf.,  organ, 
etc.  Anthem  for  Christmas,  "  Hail !  Thou 
that  art  highly  favoured,"  and  others ;  services 
glees  and  madrigals ;  songs,  etc. 

Carnie,  William,  writer  and  editor,  was 
born  at  Aberdeen  in  November,  1824.  He 
■was  originally  a  letter  engraver,  but  became 
precentor  of  the  Established  Church,  Ban- 
chory-Devenick,  Aberdeen,  in  1845.  Inspector 
of  Poor  for  same  Parish,  1847.  Sub-editor  of 
the  Aberdeen  Herald,  1852.  Precentor  of  the 
West,  or  High  Church,  Aberdeen,  1854.  Clerk 


CARRODUS. 

and  treasurer  to  the  managers  of  Aberdeen 
Royal  Infirmary  and  the  Lunatic  Asylum, 
1861.  He  acted  as  local  correspondent  for  a 
time  to  the  Times  and  the  Scotsman. 

WoEKS. — Psalmody  in  Scotland,  a  Lecture, 
Aberdeen,  1 854  ;  Northern  Psalter,  containing 
402  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes,  Aberdeen,  1870 ; 
Anthem  appendix  to  do.  ;  Precentor's  Com- 
panion and  Teacher's  Indicator ;  Contribu- 
tions to  periodical  literature,  etc. 

Mr.  Carnie's  labours  did  much  to  promote 
good  psalmody  in  the  North  of  Scotland.  In 
1854,  at  the  request  of  the  local  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association,  he  delivered  a  lecture 
on  Psalmody  to  an  audience  numbering  over 
2000  jjersons,  which  inaugurated  a  very  suc- 
cessful effort  to  improve  the  psalmody  of 
Aberdeen  churches. 

Carolan,  see  0'C.\eolan. 

Carr,  Benjamin,  English  musician,  born 
in  latter  part  of  18th  century.  He  settled  in 
Philadelphia,  U.S.,  early  in  the  19th  century, 
where  he  was  an  organist  and  teacher.  He 
published  "The  Spanish  Hymn,  arranged 
and  composed  for  the  concerts  of  the  IMusical 
Fund  Society  of  Philadelphia . .  .  The  air  from 
an  ancient  Spanish  melody  .  .  .  1826"  The 
hymn-tune  called  "Madrid,"  "  Spanish  mel- 
ody," etc.,  is  ascribed  to  Carr,  but  by  a 
curious  misprint,  generally  appears  as  by 
"B.  Case." 

Carstairs,  see  Molesworth,  Lady. 

Carr,  Frank  Osmond,  composer,  born 
in  Yorkshire.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1882  ; 
Mus.  Doc,  1891,  Oxford.  Mus.  Bac,  Cam- 
bridge, 1885;  M.A.,  1886.  He  is  known  as 
the  composer  of  music  to  a  number  of  farces, 
burlesques,  and  comic  operas  :  Joan  of  Arc, 
1891;  BJue-eyed  Susan,  1892;  In  Town,  1892; 
Morocco  Bound,  1898  ;  Go  Bang,  1894  ;  His 
Excellency  (W.  S.  Gilbert),  produced  at  the 
Lyric  Theatre,  Loudon,  October  27th,  1894  ; 
Biarritz,  1896 ;  Lord  Tom  Noddy,  1896  ;  The 
Clergyman's  Daughter,  Theatre  Royal,  Bir- 
mingham, April,  1896  ;  later,  as  My  Girl,  at 
the  Gaiety,  London. 

Carr,  John,  vocal  composer,  who 
flourished  at  Boxford,  Sussex,  about  the 
middle  of  last  century.  Among  other  works 
he  issued  "  The  Grove,  or  rural  harmony," 
containingavarietyofsongs."   London  [1760]. 

Carr,  Robert,  musician  of  the  17th  cen- 
tury. Issued  "The  delightful  companion, 
or  choice  new  lessons  for  the  recorder  or  flute." 
London,  1686.     Two  editions. 

Carrodus,  John  Tiplady,  violinist,  born 
at  Braithwaite,  near  Keighley,  Yorkshire, 
January  20th,  1836.  Received  his  first  lessons 
from  his  father,  an  amateur  violinist,  and  gave 
a  concert  at  the  Mechanics'  Institution, 
Keighley,  in  November,  1845.  At  the  age  of 
twelve,  he  was  placed  under  Molique,  with 
whom  he  studied  at  Stuttgart  and  in  London. 


80 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


CARROLL. 

He  appeared  ac  a  concert  given  by  Mr.  C.  K. 
Salaman,  at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms, 
June  1st,  1849  ;  and  played  a  solo  at  the  first 
Bradford  Musical  Festival,  August  31st,  1853. 
He  was  engaged  in  the  orchestra  at  Coveut 
Garden  Theatre,  and  ultimately  became 
principal  violinist  in  the  Philharmonic,  Tliree 
Choir  Festival,  and  other  orchestras,  and  was 
also  noted  as  a  quartet  player,  appearing  in 
this  capacity  as  early  as  1850,  being  second 
violin  at  Molique's  chamber  conceits.  He 
was  leader  at  the  Leeds  festivals  from  1880 
to  1892,  and  appeared  as  soloist  at  the  London 
Musical  Society,  April  22,  18G8,  Crystal 
Palace,  and  the  leading  metropolitan  and 
provincial  concerts.  When  the  National 
Training  School  for  Music  was  opened,  in 
1876,  he  was  appointed  a  professor  of  the 
violin  there.  He  commenced  giving  violin 
recitals  in  1881,  and  toured  in  South  Africa, 
1890-1.  His  published  compositions  include 
fantasias,  and  a  romance ;  and  he  edited  a 
collection  of  celebrated  violin  duets,  and 
some  studies.  He  died  in  London,  July  13th, 
1895.  His  son,  Bernhard  Molique,  violin- 
ist, was  educated  at  home,  and  at  the  R.A.M. 
He  has  been  connected  with  the  best  orches- 
tras, and  is  making  a  reputation  as  a  solo 
player,  in  the  last  capacity  ajjpearing  with 
success  at  the  Gloucester  Festival  of  1889. 
In  1888  he  was  appointed  a  professor  at  Trin- 
ity College,  London.  Ernest  Alexander, 
his  brother,  is  a  contrabassist ;  member  of  the 
Philharmonic  and  other  orchestras  ;  J.  Car- 
RODUS  is  a  violoncellist  and  organist;  R.  Car- 
RODUS,  a  violinist ;  and  W.  0.  Carrodus,  a 
flutist,  scholar  of  the  R.C.M.  The  father, 
with  his  five  sons,  were  included  in  the 
orchestra  at  the  Hereford  Festival  of  1894. 

Carroll,  B.  Hobson,  organist,  pianist, 
and  violinist.  Graduated  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin, 
1884.  He  was  for  some  time  organist  of 
Christ  Church,  Belfast,  and  is  now  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  Dunfermline  Abbey. 
Composer  of  a  Te  Dcum  in  E  flat,  for  soli, 
eight  part  chorus,  and  orchestra.  Jubilate, 
Magnificat  and  Nunc  dimittis,  pieces  for 
violin,  etc. 

Carroll,  Walter,  organist.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Durham,  1891  ;  Mus.  Bac,  Man- 
chester, 1896 ;  Organist  and  choirmaster, 
St.  Clement's,  Greenheys,  Manchester,  1892; 
Music  master.  Day  Training  College,  Owen's 
College,  iManchester,  1892  ;  Professor  of  har- 
mony, R.C.M.,  Manchester,  1893.  Works  : 
Psalm  146,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra  ; 
Two  sonatinas,  pf.,  etc. 

Carrott,  Livesey,  Organist  and  pianist, 
born  at  Boston,  Lincolnshire.  Educated  at 
R.A.M.  Was  appointed  organist  and  choir- 
master at  All  Saints',  Highgate,  1882  ;  St. 
Matthew's,  Bayswater,  1896.  Resident  in 
London  as  performer  and  teacher.     Composer 


CARTER. 

of  a  sacred  cantata,  Martha,  for  female  voices, 
1896 ;  songs,  etc. 

Carte,  Richard,  fiutist  and  maker  of 
musical  instruments,  born  1808  (?),  son  of 
Richard  Cart,  quartermaster  of  the  Blues. 
Orginally  intended  as  a  violinist,  he  was 
placed  under  Griesbach,of  the  Queen's  band; 
afterwards  he  was  a  pupil,  for  the  flute,  of 
George  Rudall.  About  1828,  he  went  to  Ger- 
many, and  studied  composition  under  Haupt- 
mann.  Returning  to  England  he  resumed 
concert  giving,  and  also  lectured  on  various 
musical  topics,  enjoying  a  high  reputation. 
In  1843,  he  adopted  the  Boehm  flute,  subse- 
quently combining  his  own  patent  with  the 
Boehm  system.  He  joined  the  firm  of  Rudall 
and  Rose  in  1850,  and  in  1853  compiled  and 
produced  the  first  issue  of  the  "  Musical 
Directory,  Register,  and  Almanack."  He 
composed  songs,  and  pieces  for  the  flute  ;  and 
was  author  of  "  A  complete  course  of  instruc- 
tion for  the  Boehm  Flute"  (1845?);  and 
"  Sketch  of  the  successive  Improvements 
made  in  the  Flute"  (1851?).  He  died  at 
Reigate,  November  20,  1891. 

Carter,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  January  26,  1835.  Studied 
under  Sir  John  Goss,  and  was  first  appointed 
an  organist  in  1847.  He  was  then  succes- 
sively organist  at  St.  Thomas',  Stamford 
Hill  (1848)  ;  Christ  Church,  Camberwell 
(1850)  ;  Trinity  Church,  Upper  Chelsea  (1853) ; 
St.  Luke's,  Chelsea  (1860);  and  of  Montreal 
Cathedral  (1861-70).  As  a  performer  he  was 
known  on  the  Continent  as  well  as  in  London 
and  America.  For  some  years  he  acted  as 
organist  at  the  Albert  Hall.  His  composi- 
tions include  Operas — "Fair  Rosamond,"  and 
"  Nerone  "  (Italian),  in  MS.  Operetta,  "Golden 
Dreams."  Cantatas,  "Evangeline"  (1873); 
"The Golden  Legend  "  (composed  1883)  ;  and 
a  Sinfonia-Cantata,  Ps.  116,  "  I  love  the 
Lord"  (1872).  High  Festival  Communion 
Service  (1883).  Grand  Festival  March ;  Tema 
con  variazioni, organ ;  Songs  and  miscellaneous 
works. — Another  George  Carter,  tenor  vo- 
calist and  lay  vicar,  Westminster  Abbey,  of 
repute  as  a  ballad  and  glee  singer,  died  at 
Wandsworth,  November  17,  1890,  at  the  age 
of  fifty-six. 

Carter,  Henry,  organist  and  composer, 
brother  of  the  preceding,  born  March  6,  1837. 
Was  some  time  organist  of  the  Cathedral, 
Quebec,  and  in  1882  was  appointed  organist 
of  Rev.  Henry  Ward  Beecher's  Church,  New 
York,  having  previously  held  a  similar  post 
at  Trinity  Church,  in  that  city.  Has  com- 
posed anthems,  songs,  organ  music,  etc. 

Another  Henry  Carter  published  a  large 
number  of  waltzes  and  other  dance  pieces, 
songs,  etc.,  between  1849  and  1861. 

Carter,  Robert,  musician.  Compiled  "A 
Psalter,  containing  a  selection  of  Psalm  tunes, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


81 


CARTER. 

chants,  services,  and  other  ecclesiastical  music, 
the  Psalms  selected  from  the  new  version  by 
the  Rev.  W.  J.  E.  Bennett,"  London,  1843. 

Carter,  Thomas,  composer,  was  born  in 
Ireland,  in  1735  [1758,  1768,  also  given].  He 
studied  probably  in  Ireland  under  his  father, 
and  became  Organist  of  S.  Werburgh's Church, 
Dublin,  1751-69.  He  travelled  in  Italy  for  a 
time  [1770-1] .  Conductor  of  Theatre  in 
Bengal  [1771-2],  but  settled  in  London  as 
teacher  arid  composer  to  the  theatres,  1773. 
He  died  at  London,  October  12,  1804. 

Works. — Musical  Dramas — Rival  Candi- 
dates, 1775;  Milesians,  1777  ;  Fair  American, 
1782  ;  Birthday  ;  Constant  Maid  ;  Just  in 
Time.  Lessons  tor  the  Guitar  ;  Concerto  for 
bassoon  and  pf.  ;  Six  Sonatas  for  the  pf. 
Songs,  detached  and  in  collections,  etc.  The 
Soldier's  farewell  on  the  eve  of  a  battle,  song. 
Carter  composed  "  0  Nannie,  wilt  thou  gang 
wi  me,"  a  song  which  owes  its  success  to  its 
imitation  of  the  Scottish  style.  Apart  from 
this  song  his  merits  as  a  composer  are  not 
greai,  and  none  of  his  other  works  are  now 
heard. 

Carter,  William,  organist,  composer,  and 
conductor,  brother  of  G.  and  H.  Carter,  born 
in  London,  December  7,  1888.  Studied  under 
his  father  and  Ernst  Pauer.  Chorister,  St. 
Giles',  Camberwell  (1845);  Chapel  Royal, 
Whitehall ;  and  King's  College,  London.  Or- 
ganist of  Christ  Church,  Rotherhithe  (1848) ; 
Little  Stanmore,  Whitchurch  (1850)  ;  St. 
Mary,  Newington  (1854) ;  and  St.  Helen's, 
Bishopsgate  (1856).  In'1859  he  acted,  for  his 
brother  Henry,  as  Organist  of  Quebec  Cathe- 
dral, and  conducted  a  grand  performance  of 
"Judas  Maccabseus,"  April  13,  the  centenary 
of  the  composer's  death.  The  next  year  he 
was  organist  of  St.  Stephen's,  Westbourne 
Park,  London  ;  and,  in  1868,  of  St.  Paul's. 
Onslow  Square.  He  established  the  Bays- 
water  Musical  Society  in  1860,  and  was  con- 
ductor of  the  London  Choral  Union,  1861. 
When  the  Royal  Albert  Hall  was  opened  in 
1871,  he  formed  a  large  choir,  and  has  for 
many  years  given  choral  and  popular  concerts 
in  that  building.  In  1894  he  started  choral 
concerts  in  the  Queen's  Hall.  He  has  also 
appeared  with  success  as  a  performer  upon 
the  organ  and  pianoforte.  His  chief  compo- 
sitions are  : — Placida,  the  Christian  IMartyr, 
a  cantata  produced  at  the  Albert  Hall,  De- 
cember 5,  1871 :  a  Thanksgiving  Anthem  for 
recovery  of  H.R.H.  the  Prince  of  Wales,  1872; 
Victoria,  an  ode,  1887.  He  has  also  com- 
posed anthems,  songs,  and  part-songs,  and 
arranged  national  airs  for  choral-singing. 

Cartledge,  James,  composer,  organist, 
and  singer,  born  at  Newark  [1791]  ;  died  at 
Manchester  September  13,  1864.  being  the 
senior  chorister  of  the  Cathedral,  his  appoint- 
ment dating  from  1826.     He  issued  "Sacred 


CATLEY. 

Music,  with  an  accompaniment  for  the  organ 
or  pianoforte,"  Lond.  [1840]. 

Cartwright,  Thomas,  Puritan  divine 
(1535-1603),  who  wrote  against  the  use  of 
music  in  public  worship.  Pull  particulars  of 
what  views  he  held  will  be  found  in  Hawkins' 
"  History  of  Music." 

Case,  George  Tinkler,  concertina  player 
and  writer,  author  of  virious  text-books  for 
different  instruments,  among  which  are  "  In- 
structions for  performing  on  the  Concertina, 
from  the  first  Rudiments  to  the  most  difficult 
style  of  Performance,"  Lond.  [1848];  Tutor 
for  the  Violin  ;  Exercises  for  Wheatstone's 
patent  concertina  [1855].  Baritone  concertina, 
a  new  method  .  .  .  Lond.  [1857]  ;  Concertina 
miscellany  [1855].  English  concertina  tutor, 
n.d.  One  hundred  ballads  for  the  violin 
[1859]. 

His  wife,  born  Grace  Egertov,  was  a 
soprano  vocalist. 

Case,  John,  physician  and  writer,  was 
born  at  Woodstock  about  the  middle  of  the 
16th  century.  Chorister  at  New  College  and 
Christ  College,  Oxford.  Fellow  of  St.  John's 
College,  Oxford.  Lecturer  at  Oxford.  He 
died  in  January,  1600. 

Works. — The  Praise  of  Musicke,  wherein 
its  Antiquity,  Dignity,  Delectation,  and  Use, 
are  discussed,  Oxford,  1586.  Apologia  Musices, 
tem  vocalis  quam  instrumentalis  et  mixise, 
Oxford,  1588.  Philosophical  works,  etc.  The 
"  Praise  of  IMusicke  "  is  an  exceedingly  quaint 
work,  and  at  the  present  date  of  great  rarity. 
The  writer  was  an  enthusiast  of  the  highest 
order. 

Cassidy,  James,  Irish  composer  andband- 
master,  died  at  Dublin,  March  28,  1869.  He 
composed  and  published  a  very  large  number 
of  galops,  quadrilles,  and  other  dance  music, 
for  orchestra  and  pf. 

Casson,  Margaret,  vocalistand  composer, 
who  flourished  about  the  beginning  of  the 
present  century.  She  wrote  a  number  of 
vocal  pieces  of  varying  merit,  among  which 
may  be  named  the  songs :  The  Cuckoo  ;  At- 
tend, ye  nymphs  [1790]  ;  Snowdrop ;  Noon 
[1790] ;  God  save  the  Queen,  etc. ;  The  Pearl, 
glee.     Her  biography  has  not  been  preserved. 

Casson,  John,  probably  a  relative  of  the 
above,  composed  minuets  for  the  pf.  Eight 
favourite  airs  for  the  pf.,  and  other  works 
issued  between  1794-1820. 

Casson,  Thomas,  bank  manager,  of  Den- 
bigh, amateur  organist,  and  writer.  Author 
of  "  The  Modern  Organ,  London  [1883"1.  Also 
papers  and  lectures  on  the  organ.  In  1887 
he  formed  a  company  for  building  organs  on 
the  principle  enunciated  in  his  works. 

Catley,  Ann,  soprano  vocalist,  was  born 
at  London,  1745.  She  was  articled  to  Bates, 
the  composer,  in  1760,  and  appeared  at  Vaux- 
hall  Gardens  in  1762.     She  sang  at  Covent 

F 


82 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CAUSTON. 

Garden  Theatre,  Oct  8,  1762.  Involved  in  a 
scandalous  criminal  case,  17G3.  Sang  in  Ire- 
land, 1763-70  ;  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  1771. 
Made  her  last  appearance  in  public  in  1784. 
Supposed  to  have  been  latterly  married  to 
General  Lascelles,  with  whom  she  lived  pre- 
vious to  her  death.  She  died  near  Brentford, 
Oct.  14,  1789. 

The  criminal  case  above  alluded  to  in  this 
singer's  life  was  an  action  raised  at  the  in- 
stance of  her  father  against  Bates,  Sir  Francis 
Delavel,  and  an  attorney  named  Fraine  for 
conspiring  to  prostitute  her,  by  agreement,  to 
the  person  named  Delavel.  Her  father  gained 
his  case.  She  was  a  great  favourite  in  Lon- 
don and  in  Ireland,  and  was  one  of  the  few 
successful  vocalists  who  at  that  time  made 
use  of  the  staccato  style.  Her  biography  is 
given  in  "The  Life  and  Memoirs  of  Miss  Ann 
Catley,  with  biograpliical  sketches  of  Sir  F. 
Blake  Delaval,  and  the  Hon.  Isabella  Pawlet, 
daughter  of  tlie  Earl  of  Thanet,"  by  Miss 
Ambross,  London,  1789,  with  portrait.  Re- 
printed in  1888. 

Causton,  Thomas,  composer  and  organist, 
who  flourished  during  the  16th  century.  He 
was  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal  during 
the  reigns  of  Edward  YL,  IMary,  and  Eliza- 
beth. He  died  on  October  28,  1569.  Con- 
tributed to  Day's  "  Certain  Notes  set  forth  in 
four  and  three  parts,  to  be  sung  at  the  Morn- 
ing, Communion,  and  Evening  Prayer."  His 
compositions  appear  also  in  Day's  "  Psalms," 
London,  1563. 

Cave,  William  Reginald,  violinist,  com- 
poser and  conductor,  nephew  of  Joseph  H. 
Cave,  many  years  lessee  and  manager  of  the 
Marylebone  and  other  theatres.  He  was  born 
in  ^Nlarylebone,  in  1859,  and  first  appeared  as 
a  violinist  at  the  Marylebone  theatre  in  1864, 
and  afterwards  played  for  three  months,  during 
the  management  of  Nelson  Lee,  1865,  at  the 
Crystal  Palace.  In  conjunction  with  the  late 
Edward  Solomon  and  James  Saunders,  he 
gave  concerts.  In  1874  he  founded  the  West 
London  Orchestral  Society,  retaining  the  con- 
ductorship  until  1887,  and  giving  many  con- 
certs. He  then  formed  the  People's  Palace 
Orchestra ;  and,  since  1876,  has  been  a  Pro- 
fessor of  the  violin  at  Harrow  Music  School. 
He  wrote  incidental  music  to  "Mary,  Queen 
of  Scots  " ;  two  overtures,  one  in  B  flat  (at 
the  age  of  fourteen),  for  orchestra;  two  sym- 
phonies ;  a  concerto  for  violin,  and  other 
pieces. 

Cave=Ashton,  Gertrude,  see  Ashton, 
Gertrude  Cave-. 

Cavendish,  Michael,  composer,  who 
flourished  during  the  latter  portion  of  the 
16th  century.  He  composed  "  Ayres  for  four 
voices,"  1599;  and  contributed  the  five-part 
madrigal  "  Come,  gentle  swains  "  to  the  "  Tri- 
umphs of  Oriana,"  1601.     He  also  aided  in 


CELLIER. 

harmonising  "  The  Whole  Booke  of  Psalmes," 

1592.     His  biographv  has  not  been  preserved, 

Cazalet,  Rev.  William  Wahab,  M.A., 

English  divine  and  writer,  was  born  about 
commencement  of  present  century.  He  wrote 
The  History  of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Music, 
compiled  from  authentic  sources,  London, 
1854  ;  On  the  right  management  of  the  voice 
in  speaking  and  reading,  with  some  remarks 
on  phrasing  and  accentuation,  London,  1855 
(3rd  edit.,  1860)  ;  The  voice,  or  the  art  of 
singing,  Loudon,  1861  ;  On  the  reading  of 
the  Church  liturgy,  1862  ;  Exhibition  lecture 
on  the  musical  department  of  the  late  Exhib- 
ition, London,  1853. 

Cecil,  Arthur,  or  Blunt,actorandmanager. 
Destined  for  the  army,  he  played  as  an  am- 
ateur at  the  Richmond  Theatre,  and  in  1869 
joined  the  German  Reed  Company,  appearing 
as  Mr.  Churchmouse  in  Gilbert's  "  No  Cards," 
and  as  Box  in  the  Burnand-Sullivan  bur- 
lesque, "  Cox  and  Box."  He  afterwards  played 
in  the  regular  drama  at  the  Globe,  Gaiety, 
and  Opera  Comique.  For  some  time  he  was 
joint  manager  with  John  Clayton,  of  the 
Court  Theatre.  He  died  at  Brighton,  April 
16,  1896. 

Cecil,  Rev.  Richard,  clergjoiiau  and 
musician,  was  born  in  London,  November  8, 
1748.  He  was  educated  at  Oxford,  1773. 
Deacon,  1775.  Priest,  1777.  Minister  of  St. 
John's  Chapel,  Bedford  Row,  London,  1780. 
Rector  of  Cobham  and  Bisley,  Surrey,  1800. 
He  died  at  Hampstead,  August  15,  1810. 

Works. — Selection  of  psalms  and  hymns 
for  the  public  worship  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land, Loudon,  n.d. ;  32nd  edition  issued,  1840 ; 
Sermons,  lectures,  etc.  Best  known  by  his 
anthem,  "  I  will  arise,  and  go  to  my  Father." 
His  daughter,  Theophania,  was  born  in  1782, 
and  died  in  London,  November  15, 1879.  She 
was  organist  of  St.  John's  Chapel ;  editor  of 
"The  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  used  at  St. 
John's  Chapel,  Bedford  Row;  arranged  for 
four  voices,  and  adapted  for  the  organ  or 
pf.,  London,  1814. 

Celli,  F.  H.,  see  Standing,  Frank. 

Cellier,  Alfred,  composer  and  conductor, 
of  French  extraction,  born  in  London  (Hack- 
ney), December  1,  1844.  Chorister  at  Chapel 
Royal,  St.  James's,  1855-60 ;  organist  of  All 
Saints',  Blackheath,  1862.  In  1866  he  suc- 
ceeded Dr.  Chipp  as  organist  of  the  Ulster 
Hall,  Belfast,  and  conductor  of  the  Classical 
Harmonists,  and  two  years  later,  was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  St.  Alban's,  Holborn.  He 
now  turned  his  attention  to  composition  and 
conducting,  and  was  engaged  at  the  Prince's 
Theatre,  Manchester,  1871-5 ;  Opera  Comique, 
London,  1877-9 ;  and,  with  Sir  Arthur  Sulli- 
van, joint  conductor.  Promenade  Concerts, 
Covent  Garden,  1878-9  ;  and  held  other  sim- 
ilar appointments  at  various  times.     About 


BKITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGEAPHY. 


83 


CHADPIELD. 

this  time  his  health  failed,  and  he  lived  much 
abroad,  principally  in  Australia.  He  died  in 
London,  December  28,  1891,  while  giving  the 
finishing  touches  to  his  opera,  "  The  Mounte- 
banks," the  overture  of  which  was  taken  from 
his  Orchestral  Suite,  the  intended  movement 
never  having  been  written.  Cellier  was  a 
brilliant  organist,  and  was  credited  with 
superior  literary  tastes.  He  wrote  a  trenchant 
little  paper,  "  A  nightmare  of  tradition  "  (The 
Theatre,  October,  1878),  a  plea  for  English 
■opera. 

WoEKS. — Operettas  and  Operas  :  Charity 
begins  at  home,  1870  ;  The  Sultan  of  Mocha 
{Prince's  Theatre,  Manchester,  Nov.  16, 1874; 
revived.  Strand  Theatre,  London,  with  a  new 
libretto,  Sept.  21,  1887)  ;  The  Tower  of  Lon- 
don, 1875 ;  Nell  Gwynne,  1876  ;  The  Foster 
Brothers,  London,  1876  ;  Dora's  Dream,  1877 ; 
The  Spectre  Knight,  Feb.,  1878;  Bella  Donna 
(Manchester,  April,  1878) ;  After  All  (London, 
1879) ;  In  the  Sulks,  1880  ;  Pandora,  grand 
opera  (Boston,  U.S.,  1881) ;  The  Carp  (Savoy 
'Theatre,  1886) ;  Dorothy  (a  fresh  arrangement 
of  the  music  of  Nell  Gwynne  to  a  new  libretto, 
Oaiety  Theatre,  Sept.  25,  1886)  ;  Mrs.  Jarra- 
mie's  Genie  (Savoy,  Feb.,  1888)  ;  Doris  (Lyric, 
April,  1889) ;  and  The  Mountebanks  (book  by 
W.  S.  Gilbert,  produced.  Lyric  Theatre,  Jan. 
1892).  He  also  set  Gray's  Elegy  as  a  cantata, 
produced  at  the  Leeds  Festival,  1883 ;  wrote 
incidental  music  to  As  You  Like  it,  1885  ;  a 
Suite  Symphonique,  for  orchestra ;  Barcarolle, 
flute  and  pf . ;  songs,  and  pf.  pieces. 

His  brother,  Chables  Herbert  Cellier, 
is  organist  of  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Anerley  ; 
Conductor  of  Lower  Sydenham  Choral  So- 
ciety, and  Anerley  Musical  Society.  He  has, 
for  many  years,  given  concerts  in  that  locality. 
Francis  A.  Cellier,  musical  director.  Savoy 
Theatre,  was  joint  composer  of  the  music  to 
"  Mrs.  Jarramie's  Genie,"  and  composer  of 
an  operetta,  "  Captain  Bill,"  produced  at  the 
Savoy  Theatre,  Sept.,  1891. 

Chadfield,  Edward,  pianist,  born  at 
Derby,  August  1,  1827.  At  the  age  of  nine, 
studied  under  Froude  Fritche  (organist  of 
All  Saints'  Church,  Derby),  but  after  some 
years,  was  required  to  take  the  place  of  a 
deceased  brother  in  his  father's  business. 
From  this  he  was  released  in  time,  and  he 
resumed  his  musical  studies  under  Henry 
Smart,  and  later,  in  Paris,  with  Henri  Ros- 
ellen,  and  Korbach.  In  1851,  he  returned  to 
Derby,  and  established  himself  as  a  performer 
and  teacher,  founding,  with  Mr.  A.  F.  Smith, 
a  School  of  Music  there.  He  held  the  appoint- 
ment of  organist  at  St.  Werburgh's  Church 
for  eleven  years,  and  a  similar  office  at  All 
Saints',  which  he  resigned  in  1887.  In  the 
early  days  of  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians,  Mr.  Chadfield  was  an  active 
Tvorker,  and  in  1885,  he  was  induced  to  accept 


CHAMBERLAIN. 

the  office  of  Hon.  General  Secretary.  Since 
that  date  he  has  attended  meetings  and  given 
addresses  in  all  parts  of  the  United  Kingdom, 
and  Ireland,  and  was  chosen  as  a  delegate  to 
attend  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Music 
Teachers'  National  Association  (America), 
held  at  Philadelphia,  July,  1889.  After  the 
incorporation  of  the  Society,  1893,  Mr.  Chad- 
field  was  presented  with  a  handsome  testi- 
monial during  the  Conference  held  in  London 
that  year.  The  office  being  then  removed  to 
London,  Mr.  Chadfield  left  Derby  for  the 
metropolis,  and  as  the  executive  officer  of  the 
Society  devotes  the  whole  of  his  time  to  its 
advancement.  He  married,  in  1858,  the 
youngest  daughter  of  the  late  Alderman  Made- 
ley,  some  time  Mayor  of  Derby.  His  eldest 
son,  Edward  Joseph  Chadfield,  was  music- 
ally educated  first  at  home,  then  at  the 
Leipzig  Conservatorium.  He  made  his  debut 
as  a  pianist  at  Derby  in  1886,  and  succeeded 
his  father  as  teacher  and  joint  director  of 
the  Derby  School  of  Music. 

Challoner,  Neville  Butler,  harpist  and 
violinist,  born  London,  1784.  He  studied  in 
London,  and  first  appeared  as  a  violinist  in 
1798.  He  was  violinist  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre  in  1796  ;  at  Richmond  Theatre,  1799  ; 
and  subsequently  leader  at  Birmingham, 
Sadler's  Wells  Theatre,  etc.  Harpist  at  It- 
alian Opera,  London,  and  tenor  player  at  the 
Philharmonic  Society.  Latterly,  he  was  a 
music-seller.     Date  of  death  unknown. 

Works. — Method  for  the  violin,  London, 
n.d.  New  Guida  di  Musica,  or  instructions 
for  beginners  on  the  pf.,  n.d.  Method  for 
Guitar,  n.d. ;  Method  for  flute,  n.d. ;  Method 
for  the  harp,  n.  d.  Romance  and  Polacca  for 
harp,  op.  14 ;  Two  duets  on  Scotch  airs,  op. 
10;  Three  duets  (trans.),  op.  15;  Duet  con- 
certante  for  harp,  op.  22.  Miscellaneous 
works  for  harp  and  pf.  Harmonia  Sacra, 
4  books,  London,  n.  d.  Lays  of  harmony,  or 
the  musical  scrap  book,  1830.  National  airs 
[1830] ,  etc. 

Chalmers,  James,  Scottish  musician  and 
printer,  son  of  Professor  James  Chalmers,  of 
Marischal  College,  was  born  early  in  the  18th 
century  ;  died  at  Aberdeen  in  1764.  He  com- 
piled a  collection  of  20  Church  tunes  [circa 
1748],  containing  "Observations  concerning 
the  tunes  and  manner  of  singing  them," 
which  is  now  exceedingly  scarce.  In  1736  he 
was  appointed  printer  to  the  town  council  of 
Aberdeen,  and  he  published  the  Aberdeen 
Journal,  etc.  His  son,  James,  born  in  Aber- 
deen. March  31,  1742  ;  died  June  17,  1810, 
succeeded  him  in  business,  and  in  1774  was 
appointed  precentor  of  the  West  Church, 
Aberdeen ;  a  position  he  held  till  1797. 

Chamberlain,  Houston  Stewart,  writer, 
author  of  "Das  Drama  Richard  Wagner's" 
(Leipzig :     Breitkopf    and    Hartel,    1892)  ; 


84 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY, 


CHAMBERLAINE. 

•'Richard  Wagner"  (Depot  for  Art  and  Sci- 
ence, Munich,  1895) ;  and  occasional  contri- 
butions to  musical  papers. 

Chamberlaine,  Elizabeth,  see  Von  Hoff, 
Mrs.  H. 

Chamberlayne,  Miss  E.  A.,  com- 
poser, of  the  present  time.  Studied  under 
Professor  Prout  and  H.  C.  Banister.  Of  her 
compositions  a  Scherzo  for  strings,  harp,  and 
flute  was  performed  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
February  23,  1895.  Siie  has  published  Two 
Sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  16 ;  a  Suite,  and  smaller 
pieces.  Also  some  music  for  organ,  and  songs. 
She  has  in  MS.  two  Symphonies,  overtures, 
an  opera,  and  other  works. 

Cliambers,  Charles,  organist  and  con 
ductor.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1880  ;  Mus. 
Doc,  1887,  Cambridge.  F.R.C.O.,  1877.  Or- 
ganist successively  at  St.  Peter's,  Newcastle- 
on-Tyne,  1870-82 ;  Jesmond  Parish  Church, 
1882-90;  All  Saints',  1890-3;  St.  George's, 
CuUercoats,  1893.  Some  time  conductor  of 
Newcastle  Harmonic  Society.  University 
Exercises — (Bac.)  Ps.  109,  for  soli,  chorus, 
strings,  and  organ ;  (Doc.)  Cantata,  "  The 
Redeemer."  Composer  of  a  Concert  over- 
ture (Newcastle,  1887) ;  offertory  sentences, 
songs,  etc. 

Chambers,  Lucy,  contralto  vocalist,  born 
in  Sydney,  New  South  Wales,  where  her 
father  was  a  lawyer.  Her  early  studies  were 
under  IMrs.  Logan,  a  cousin  of  W.  Vincent 
Wallace;  and,  encouraged  by  Catherine  Hayes, 
at  the  time  in  Australia,  she  decided  to  adopt 
the  lyric  stage  as  a  profession.  In  January, 
1862,  she  went  to  London,  and  studied  under 
Garcia;  then,  proceeding  to  Italy,  became  a 
pupil  of  Luigi  Vannuccini,  and  Romani,  at 
Florence.  After  a  year,  she  made  her  appear- 
ance as  Azucena,  in  II  Trovatore,  at  the  Teatro 
Pagliano.  She  was  then  engaged  for  two 
seasons  at  La  Scala,  Milan,  and  while  there 
continued  her  studies  with  Lamperti.  A  gen- 
eral tour  of  Europe  followed,  and  in  1870  she 
returned  to  Australia.  There  she  had  a  long 
career  of  unbroken  success,  her  repertory 
being  extensive  and  varied.  She  formed  an 
Academy  at  Melbourne,  and  died  in  that  city 
in  1894. 

Chambers,  Robert,  author  and  publisher, 
a  member  of  the  well-known  firm  of  W.  and 
R.  Chambers,  Edinburgh  ;  born  1802,  died 
1871 ;  edited  "  The  Songs  of  Scotland  prior  to 
Burns,  with  the  tunes,"  Edin.,  1862. 

Champness,  Samuel,  bass  singer,  born 
about  1730  ;  died  September,  1803.  He  was 
a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  sang  at  the 
principal  concerts  in  London  during  the  latter 
half  of  the  18th  century,  and  had  a  voice  of 
great  richness,  which  was  much  admired. 

Champneys,  Francis  Henry,  amateur 
composer,  born  at  London,  March  25th,  1848. 
Educated  at  Oxford,  where  he  graduated  M.A., 


CHAPPEL. 

1875.  He  studied  music  under  Sir  John  Goss. 
Fellow  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians. 
Has  conducted  concerts,  and  is  the  composer 
of  hymns  and  other  church  music  ;  "  Rustic 
coquette,"  ballet  for  four  voices,  etc. 

Chaplin.  The  name  of  three  sisters,  in- 
strumentalists of  the  present  day.  Nellie, 
the  eldest,  is  a  pianist,  born  in  London,  and 
musically  educated  at  the  London  Academy 
of  Music,  where,  am-^ng  other  distinctions, 
she  was  awarded  the  silver  medal  presented 
by  the  Society  of  Arts.  Later,  she  studied 
the  Deppe  method  with  Frl.  Elise  Timm,  at 
Hamburg.  In  1893  she  established  a  piano- 
forte school  in  London,  and  chiefly  devotes 
herself  to  tuition.  Miss  Chaplin  is  known  as 
a  performer,  and  commenced  giving  concerts 
in  1882.  She  has  played,  with  success,  in 
London  and  the  provinces,  and,  with  her 
sisters,  gained  some  reputation  for  the  Chap- 
lin trio.  Kate  Chaplin,  violinist,  born  in 
Loudon,  was  also  trained  at  the  London 
Academy,  under  Mr.  Pollitzer,  having  pre- 
viously received  lessons  from  Miss  Dunbar 
Perkins.  As  a  very  youthful  performer  she 
appeared  at  Mr.  George  Gear's  concert,  St. 
George's  Hall,  May  2nd,  1882;  and  since  then 
has  played  at  many  concerts,  in  London,  and 
the  principal  cities  of  the  United  Kingdom. 
In  1892,  she  went  to  Brussels,  to  study  under 
Eugen  Ysaye,  and  in  January,  1893,  had  the 
honour,  with  her  sister  Nellie,  of  playing 
before  the  Queen,  at  Osborne,  receiving  the 
Royal  compliments,  and  souvenirs  of  the 
event.  The  youngest  sister,  Mabel  Chaplin, 
violoncellist,  received  her  first  lessons  from 
Mr.  John  Boatwright,  of  the  Philharmonic 
Orcliestra ;  and  entering  the  London  Academy, 
becameapupilof  Signor  Pezze.  Subsequently 
she  studied  at  the  Brussels  Conservatoire, 
under  Edouard  Jacobs,  gaining,  in  1893,  the 
first  prize,  with  distinction,  for  violoncello 
playing,  being  the  first  English  girl  to  carry 
off  that  honour.  She  had  for  some  time 
taken  part  in  the  concerts  given  by  her 
sisters ;  but  gave  her  first  concert,  with 
Emil  Sauer,  in  the  Queen's  Hall,  March  28, 
1895. 

Chapman,  Rev.  James,  author.  Wrote 
"  The  music,  or  melody  and  rhythmus  of 
language,  with  the  five  accidents  of  siDcech, 
and  a  musical  notation,"     Edinburgh,  1818. 

Chapman,  T.,  musician.  Published  the 
"  Young  gentleman  and  ladies'  musical  com- 
panion," 1772-74.     Two  vols. 

Chappell,  William,  writer  and  antiquary, 
was  born  in  London,  November  20th,  1809. 
Brought  up  in  music  publishing  business 
with  his  father.  Engaged  in  musical  anti- 
quarian studies.  Founded  (with  others)  the 
Percy  Society  in  1840,  and  the  Musical  Anti- 
quarian Society  in  1840.  F.S.A.,  1840. 
Partner  in  the  firm  of  Cramer  &  Co.,  1843. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


85 


CHAPPLE. 

Treasurer  of  the  Camden  Society,  eic.  Was 
connected  with  a  number  of  learned  and 
antiquarian  societies.  He  died  at  London, 
August  20,  1888. 

Works. — A  collection  of  national  English 
airs,  consisting  of  ancient  song,  ballad,  and 
dance  tunes,  interspersed  with  remarks  and 
anecdotes,  and  preceded  by  an  essay  on 
English  minstrelsy  ;  the  airs  harmonized  for 
the  pianoforte  by  Dr.  Crotch,  G.  A.  Macfarren, 
and  J.  A.  Wade.  London,  4to.  part  I.,  1838  ; 
II.,  1839  ;  III.,  1840.  Popular  music  of  the 
olden  time:  a  collection  of  ancient  songs, 
ballads,  and  dance  tunes,  illustrative  of  the 
national  music  of  England,  etc.  London, 
Cramer,  2  vols.  [1845-59] .  Old  English  ditties, 
London,  2  vols.,  n.d.  History  of  music,  art, 
and  science,  from  the  earliest  records  to  the 
fall  of  the  Roman  Empire,  with  explanations 
of  ancient  systems  of  music,  musical  instru- 
ments, and  of  the  true  physiological  basis  for 
the  science  of  music,  whether  ancient  or 
modern,  vol.  I.,  London,  1874,  all  published. 
Edited  works  (collections  of  ancient  poetry) 
for  the  Ballad,  Percy,  and  Camden  Societies. 
A  new  edition  of  his  "  Popular  Music  "  was 
issued  as  "Old  English  popular  music,"  in  1893, 
edited  by  H.  Ellis  Woolridge.  This  corrects  a 
.  number  of  the  statements  concerning  Scots 
music,  which,  in  his  anxiety  to  prove  that 
England  possessed  an  immense  wealth  of  folk 
music,  Chappell  advanced  without  sufficient 
proof.  Further  proofs  of  Mr.  Chappell's 
want  of  care  in  the  presentation  of  evidence 
have  been  gathered  by  Mr.  John  Glen,  and 
will   be   published   soon. 

Chappie,  Samuel,  organist  and  com- 
poser. Was  born  at  Crediton,  Devon,  1775. 
He  was  blind  from  childhood ;  but  after 
studying  the  pianoforte  he  became  organist 
at  Ashburton,  1795-1833.  He  died  at  Ash- 
burton,  October  8,  1833. 

Works. — Five  songs  and  a  glee,  op.  3  ;  Six 
anthems  in  score,  figured  for  the  organ  or  pf., 
op.  4 ;  A  second  set  of  six  anthems  in  score, 
op.  5  ;  A  third  set  of  six  anthems  and  twelve 
psalm  tunes  in  score,  op.  6  ;  The  eighteen 
anthems,  republished.  Three  sonatas  for 
the  pf. ;  Six  songs  with  pf.  accompauiment  ; 
Anthem  for  the  coronation  of  George  IV.  ; 
Single  pf.  pieces  ;  Single  glees,  anthems,  and 
songs. 

Chard,  George  William,  composer  and 
organist,  was  born  in  1765.  He  studied  under 
Robert  Hudson  in  the  choir  of  St.  Paul's. 
Lay-clerk  at  Winchester  Catliedral,  1788,  and 
organist  of  the  Cathedral  in  succession  to 
Peter  Fussell,  1802.  Organist  of  Winchester 
College,  1832.  Doc.  Mus.,  Cambridge,  1812. 
He  died  at  Winchester,  May  23,  1849. 

Works. — Anthems  :  Happy  is  the  man  ; 
Is  there  not  an  appointed  time?;  0  Lord  we 
beseech  ;    To  celebrate  Thy  praise.     Services. 


CHERRY. 

Chants  in  Bennett  and  Marshall's  collection. 
Songs :  Twelve  glees  for  three,  four,  and  five 
voices.     London   [1811] . 

Charde,  John,  composer  of  the  16th  cen- 
tury. In  1518-19  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac. 
Oxford,  for  which  he  composed  a  mass  in  five 
parts.  This  was  the  first  composition  in  so 
many  parts  written  by  a  bachelor  for  a  degree 
exercise.     He  composed  other  masses. 

Charlce,  Richard,  violinist  and  composer 
of  middle  of  18th  century.  He  married  Char- 
lotte Cibber,  whom  he  illtreated,  and  from 
whom  he  soon  separated.  Notable  as  the  first 
to  compose  medley  overtures.  He  died  in 
Jamaica  of  disorders  brought  on  by  dissipated 
habits. 

Charlesworth,  J.  J.,  musician,  compiler 
of  "Fifty  Select  Tunes  carefully  adapted  to 
the  best  part  of  the  first  96  Psalms  .  .  ." 
London,  1796. 

Charlton,  R.,  author,  published  "  Rem- 
iniscences and  biographical  sketches  of 
Musicians."     Lincoln,  1836. 

Chatfield,  Mrs.  Henry,  see  Large, 
Eliza  R. 

Chatterton,  John  Balsir,  harpist  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  where  his 
father,  John  Chatterton,  was  a  teacher  of 
mnsic,  in  1802.  He  studied  under  Bochsa 
and  Labarre,  and  became  Professor  of  the 
harp  at  R.A.M.  Harpist  to  the  Queen,  etc. 
He  died  at  London,  April,  1871. 

Works.  —  Numerous  transcriptions  from 
popular  operas  for  the  harp ;  Songs  with  harp 
and  pf.  accomp.,  etc. 

His  brother  Frederick  was  also  a  harpist 
and  composer,  He  was  born  in  1814,  and 
died  at  London  in  March,  1894.  His  daughter 
Josephine  made  her  first  appearance  as  a 
harpist  at  Willis'  Rooms  on  June  3,  1857. 
She  lived  for  some  years  in  America,  and 
established  a  school  for  the  harp  at  Chicago 
in  1892.  In  December,  1895,  she  appeared 
again  in  London. 

Cheese,  Griffith  James  organist  and 
writer,  was  born  on  May  2,  1751.  He  was 
organist  at  Leominster  and  teacher  in  London, 
Author  of  "  Practical  rules  for  playing  and 
teaching  the  pianoforte  and  organ,  likewise 
useful  information  to  teachers  and  pupils  born 
blind,  op.  3,"  London  [1806].  Songs,  etc. 
He  died  on  November  10,  1804. 

Chell,  William,  writer  and  musician,  was 
lay-vicar  and  precentor  at  Hereford  Cathedral 
in  1554.  Mus.  Bac  ,  Oxford,  1524.  Preben- 
dary of  Eigne,  1532,  and  East  Withington 
1545.  He  left  two  treatises  entitled  "  Musicae 
Practicffi  Compendium"  and  "De  Proportion- 
ibus  Musicis,"  which  are  said  to  be  transcrip- 
tions from  the  works  of  John  Dunstable,  etc. 

Cherry,  John  William,  composer  and 
teacher,  born  London,  December  10,  1824. 
Self-educated  in  theory  and  on   Pianoforte. 


86 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


CHESHIRE. 

He  died  in  London,  January,  1889.  Has 
composed  over  1,000  pieces,  of  which  the  fol- 
lowing are  the  best  known  : — 

Works. — Will-o'-the-wisp ;  Shells  of  ocean ; 
Beautiful  leaves;  The  Blacksmith ;  How  beau- 
tiful is  the  sea ;  My  village  home  ;  Monarch 
of  the  woods  ;  Estelle  ;  Gentle  Spring ;  Sweet 
Annie;  The  Invitation ;  Silently,  silently  over 
the  sea  ;  Trees  of  the  forest ;  Upon  the  lonely 
shore ;  Wanton  breezes,  whither  going ;  Down 
by  the  sea ;  Fair  Glen  Lochry ;  Home  again 
to  England ;  Seventh  day ;  Spirit  of  the 
whirlpool ;  Breathe  soft,  summer  wind  ;  Sum- 
mer twilight ;  Come  with  me  to  Fairyland. 
Duets —  Klfin  revels;  Hark!  there's  music 
stealing ;  Let  us  roam  away,  etc.  Pf.  music, 
dances,  etc. 

Cheshire,  John,  harpist  and  composer, 
born  in  Birmingham,  March  28,  1839.  Com- 
menced playing  the  harp  when  four  years  of 
age.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  1852-55,  and  after- 
wards under  G.  A.  Macfarren  and  J.  B.  Chat- 
terton.  Played  at  a  concert  of  the  Society  of 
British  JIusicians,  February  27,  1855,  after 
which  he  was  presented  with  a  fine  harp  by 
the  Messrs.  Erat.  In  that  year  he  was  ap- 
pointed harpist  at  the  Royal  Italian  Opera ; 
and,  in  1865,  principal  harpist  at  Her  Majesty's 
Theatre.  Travelled  in  South  America,  1858-61 ; 
Norway  and  Sweden,  1879.  Has  been  heard 
in  the  principal  concerts  in  the  United  King- 
dom. From  about  1887  resident  in  America; 
harpist  to  the  National  Opera  Company 
there,  1888.  His  compositions  include  an 
opera,  "Diana,"  written  in  Brazil;  Cantatas: 
"  The  King  and  the  Maiden  "  (book  by  Arthur 
Matthison),  performed  St.  James's  Hall,  April 
20,  1866  ;  "  The  Buccaneers,"  1886.  Three 
overtures  for  orchestra.  These,  excepting  the 
Buccaneers,  remain  in  MS.  He  has  pub- 
lished for  the  harp — Six  Romances;  Album 
of  twenty-four  })ieces,  etc.  A  Duet  in  B  flat, 
and  a  number  of  pieces  for  pf.  ;  Songs — Cupid 
the  conqueror;  The  withered  violet,  etc.,  etc. 
In  1871  he  married  Miss  Maria  Matilda 
Baxter,  an  excellent  pianist,  who  appeared 
with  success  at  many  of  his  concerts. 

Chetham,  Rev.  John,  musician  and  cler- 
gyman, born  about  1700.  He  was  master 
of  the  Clerk's  School,  Skipton,  in  1737,  and 
curate  of  Skipton  1739.  He  died  at  Skipton 
in  August,  1763.  Issued  "A  Book  of  Psalmody, 
all  set  in  four  parts,"  1718  ;  2nd  ed.,  (?) ;  3rd, 
1724  ;  4th,  1731  ;  5th,  1736  ;  8th,  1752  ;  9th, 
1767;  10th,  1779;  11th,  Leeds,  1787  ;  of  which 
an  enlarged  and  revised  edition  by  Houlds- 
worth  was  published  at  London  in  1832,  and 
Halifax  in  1868. 

Chevalier,  Albert  Onesime  Britanni  = 
cus  Gwathveoyd  Louis,  comedian,  and 
lyric  author,  born  at  Netting  Hill,  London, 
March  21,  1862.  Displayed  histrionic  talent 
at  an  early  age,  and  appeared  in  farce  at  the 


CHILD. 

Prince  of  Wales'  Theatre,  Tottenham  Street, 
Sept.  29, 1877,  as  Mr.  Knight.  From  1878  to 
1887  he  was  on  tour  with  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ken- 
dal, Mr.  Hare,  and  other  combinations,  in 
"Diplomacy,"  and  various  dramas.  Later,  he 
came  out  as  an  entertainer,  and  in  1890  sang 
in  comic  opera  at  the  Avenue  Theatre.  It 
was  February  5,  1891,  that  he  made  his  first 
appearance  as  a  music-hall  performer,  at  the 
New  London  Pavilion.  His  success  was  phe- 
nomenal, and  has  lasted  ever  since.  His 
matinees  in  the  provinces  have  attracted  large 
and  enthusiastic  audiences,  and  "  The  Cos- 
ter's Laureate,"  "The  Kipling  of  the  Music- 
hall,"  has  been  everywhere  recognised  as  an 
artist.  In  1896,  he  visited  America.  Besides 
his  songs,  he  has  written  several  pieces  for  the 
stage.  His  brother,  Auguste,  under  the  nomde 
plume  of  Charles  Ingle,  supplies  most  of  his 
music.  Assisted  by  Bryan  Daly,  he  has  written 
"  Albert  Chevalier  ;  a  Record  by  himself," 
London,  Macqueen,  1895.  Among  the  best 
known  of  his  songs,  composed  by  his  brother, 
John  Crook,  and  others,  may  be  named 
"Knocked  'em  in  the  Old  Kent  Road"; 
"  Future  Mrs. 'Awkins";  "Coster's  serenade"; 
"My  Old  Dutch,"  etc. 

Cheyne,  Edwin,  Scottish  author,  pub- 
lished "  The  Amateur's  Vocal  Guide  and 
voice  trainer  .  .  .  Glasgow,  1879. 

Chilcot,  Thomas,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  about  the  beginning  of  the  18th 
century.  He  was  organist  of  Abbey  Church, 
Bath,  1733,  and  died  at  Bath,  in  November, 
1766.  Chilcot  is  chiefl)'  noted  as  having  been  . 
the  master  of  Thomas  Linley.  He  composed 
six  concertos  for  the  harpsichord,  with  4 
violins,  viola,  violoncello  and  basso  ripieno, 
London,  1756.  two  sets ;  Twelve  English 
songs,  the  words  by  Shakespeare  and  other 
celebrated  poets  [1745]  ;  single  songs,  glees, 
etc. 

Child,  William,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  at  Bristol,  in  1606.  He  studied 
under  Elway  Bevin,  as  chorister  in  Bristol 
Cathedral.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1631.  Organist 
of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  1632.  One 
of  organists  of  Chapel  Royal,  London.  Chanter 
of  Chapel  Royal,  1660.  Member  of  King's 
private  band,  and  composer  to  the  King  in 
1661.  Doc.  Mus.,  Oxon.,  July,  1663.  He  died 
at  Windsor,  March  23,  1697,  and  is  buried  in 
St.  George's  Chapel. 

Works. — The  first  set  of  Psalmes  of  3 
voyces,  fitt  for  private  chappells,  with  a  con- 
tinued bass  either  for  the  organ  or  theorbo, 
composed  after  the  Italian  way,  London,  16.39 
(2nd  edit.,  1650).  Divine  anthems  and  vocal 
compositions  to  several  pieces  of  poetry,  Lon- 
don ;  Service  in  D  (Boyce);  Service  in  E 
(Boyce) ;  Praise  the  Lord,  O  my  soul,  anthem ; 
O  Lord,  grant  the  King,  anthem ;  0  pray  for 
the  peace  of  Jerusalem,  anthem  ;    Sing  we 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY 


87 


CHILLEY. 

merrily,  anthem ;  Services  in  G,  F,  and  A 
minor ;  Court  Ayres  (a  volume  of  secular 
vocal  music)  ;  Catches  and  Canons,  etc. 

Child's  compositions  are  very  simple  in 
general  style,  and  approximate  in  character 
to  the  productions  of  a  century  later.  "  At 
times,  however,  as  in  his  service  in  D, 
his  harmony  was  rich,  glowing,  and  closely 
worked.  Some  few  of  his  full  anthems,  with- 
out any  great  depth  of  science  or  elevation  of 
genius,  possess  a  great  degree  of  warmth,  and 
exhibit  imagination."  He  paved  at  his  own 
expense  the  body  of  Windsor  Chapel. 

Chilley,  Charles,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
London  ( Pimlico).  He  was  educated  at  the 
Albert  Memorial  College,  Framlingham,  and 
then  was  for  several  years  in  an  office,  fre- 
quently singing  in  concerts  as  an  amateur. 
Eventually  he  entered  the  Guildhall  School 
of  Music,  and  became  a  pupil  of  the  late 
J.  B.  Welch.  He  sang  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
in  Mendelssohn's  Walpurgis  Nacht,  1883 ;  at 
a  concert  of  Mr.  Willing's  choir,  1884  ;  and 
since  then  has  been  heard  at  the  principal 
London  and  provincial  concerts,  having  been 
on  tour  with  Madame  Albani,  and  others. 

Chilmead,  Edmund,  scholar  and  mu- 
sician, was  born  at  Stow-in-the-Wold,  Glou- 
cester, 1611.  Clerk  of  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford.  Canon  of  Christ  Church,  1632. 
Resided  with  Este  the  musician,  in  London, 
1648.  He  died  at  London  in  1654.  Wrote 
"  De  Musica  AntiquS,  Grseca,"  printed  at  the 
end  of  the  Oxford  edition  of  "  Aratus,"  1672. 
He  gave  concerts  in  London,  and  drew  up  a 
catalogue  of  the  Greek  MSS.  in  the  Bodleian 
library.  "  He  was  well  versed  in  the  old 
music,  and  was  the  best  qualified  at  that  time 
....  to  enter  upon  this  subject." — Hearne. 

Chinn,  Francis  Farrant,  composer  and 
organist ;  born  in  1813,  died  at  Liverpool, 
April  29,  1868.  Composer  of  glees  and 
songs.  "  Harvest  home,  a  pastoral  glee." 
Liverpool   [1844]  is  one  of  his  best  works. 

Chipp,  Edmund  Thomas,  composer 
and  organist;  was  born  at  London,  December 
25,  1823.  Son  of  Thomas  Paul  Chipp,  the 
well-known  performer  on  the  kettledrums  and 
harp.  Chorister  in  Chapel  Royal  under 
William  Hawes.  He  studied  the  violin  under 
W.  Thomas,  J.  B.  Nadaud,  etc.,  1832-40. 
Organist  (voluntary)  of  Albany  Chapel, 
Regent's  Park,  London,  1843-6.  Member  of 
H.  M.  private  band,  as  violinist,  1843-55. 
Organist  St.  John's  Chapel,  Downshire  Hill, 
Hampstead,  1846-7;  St.  Olave's,  Southwark 
(in  succession  to  H.  J.  Gauntlett),  1847-52  ; 
St.  Mary-at-Hill,  East-Cheap,  1852-6 ;  Royal 
Panopticon  (in  succession  to  W.  T.  Best), 
1855  ;  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Paddington  (in 
succession  to  C.E  Stephens),  1856-62.  Mus. 
Bac.  Cantab.,  March  17th,  1859.  Mus.  Doc, 
do.,  June  21st,  1860.     Organist  Ulster  Hall, 


CHIVERS. 

and  St.  George's  Church,  Belfast,  1862-6. 
Conductor  of  the  Anacreontic,  Classical  Har- 
monists, and  Vocal  Union  Societies,  Belfast. 
Organist  of  Kinnaird  Hall,  Dundee,  Feb. -Nov., 
1866;  St.  Paul's,  Edinburgh,  May  to  Nov., 
1866.  Organist,  and  Masier  of  Choristers, 
Ely  Cathedral,  November,  1866.  Was  also 
member  of  the  Royal  Italian  Opera,  the 
Philharmonic,  and  Sacred  Harmonic  So- 
ciety Bands.  He  died  at  Nice,  December 
17,  1886. 

WoEKS. — Job,  an  Oratorio,  for  solo  voices, 
chorus,  and  orchestra;  Naomi,  a  Sacred  Idyll, 
for  solo  voices,  chorus,  and  orchestra.  Music 
for  the  Church  Service  and  home  circle, 
containing  10  Sentences,  24  single  and  41 
double  Chants,  4  Te  Deums,  2  Jubilate, 
2  Benedictus,  1  Te  Deum  in  unison,  2  Sanctus, 
12  Kyrie,  4  Gloria,  2  Magniacat,  Nunc  Dim- 
ittis,  4  Cantate  Domine,  Deus  Misereatur,  and 
108  Church  Melodies,  in  short,  common,  long, 
and  irregular  measures,  by  various  authors. 
Te  Deum,  Jubilate,  Sanctus  and  Kyrie  in  D ; 
Church  Service  in  A  ;  Te  Deum  in  D  ;  Gloria 
for  male  voices .  Three  Studies  for  the  Organ, 
op.  7  ;  Introduction  and  six  variations  upon 
Handel's  Harmonious  blacksmith,  for  organ  ; 
Do.  and  seven  variations  on  God  preserve  the 
Emperor,  for  organ  ;  Lord  of  all  power  and 
might,  anthem ;  Part-songs ;  Songs,  and 
miscellaneous  Church  and  chamber  music. 

Chipp,  Thomas  Paul,  EngUsh  harpist, 
father  of  the  foregoing,  was  born  in  London, 
May  23,  1793,  and  died  on  June  19,  1870. 
He  was  well-known  as  a  drum  player  and 
harpist,  and  as  a  leading  performer  at  all  the 
principal  festivals.  He  retired  in  1866.  His 
compositions  include  a  string  quintet  in  E 
minor,  1836 ;  quartet,  1845  ;  Fantasias,  etc., 
for  harp. 

Chisholm,  James,  commonly  called  Mar- 
quis Chisholm,  musician  and  entertainer,  born 
Neilston,  Renfrew,  about  1837 ;  died  Toronto, 
Canada,  December,  1877.  He  was  a  fair 
pianist,  and  travelled  much  in  Australia,  Asia, 
Scotland,  and  America  with  a  Chinese  giant 
named  Chang.  He  composed  the  somewhat 
vulgar  song  entitled  "  The  Battle  of  Stirling," 
which  has  been  frequently  parodied  in  Scot- 
land, and  published  "  The  Adventures  of  a 
travelling  musician  in  Australia,  China,  and 
Japan,"  Glasgow,  1865,  reprinted  from  the 
Olasgmv  Herald.  He  also  published  "  Gems 
of  Scottish  melody  "  [1869],  and  the  "  Chin- 
Chin-Chang  "  Galop  ;  "  Great  Chang  Polkas," 
and  similar  works. 

Chisney,  E.,  author  of  a  work  entitled 
"Concertina  Instruction,"  London,  1853. 

Chivers.  G.  M.  S.,  musician  and  dancing- 
master  of  first  half  of  the  present  century. 
He  published  a  number  of  works,  among  which 
may  be  named — Recueil  de  danses  Espag- 
noles,  or   Spanish  country  dances,  arranged 


88 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY, 


CHOPE. 

for  pf.,  London,  1819 ;  First  set  of  Chive- 
rian  quadrilles  [1820] ,  New  set  of  contre 
dances  ;  The  Modern  dancing-master,  Lon- 
don, 1822,  etc. 

Chope,  Richard  Robert,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  September,  1830.  Vicar  of 
St.  Augustine's,  South  Kensington.  Editor 
of  "Hymn  and  Tune  Book,"  1857- G2;" 
"Choir and  Musical  Record,"  18G2;  Versicles, 
Canticles,  Litany.  Psalter  (Gregorian),  1862. 
Choral  Communion  (INIarbecke,  etc.),  1863. 
Carols  for  use  in  Church,  1868-76.  Easter 
and  Harvest  Carols,  1884. 

Chorley,  Henry  Fothergill,  musician, 
journalist,  general  writer,  etc.,  was  born  at 
Blackley  Hurst,  near  Billiuge,  Lancashire, 
December  15th,  1808.  Brought  up  for  mer- 
cantile life.  Commenced  connection  with 
the  "  Athenyeum,"  1830.  Member  of  the 
"  Athenieum"  staff,  1833-1871.  He  died  at 
London,  February  16,  1872. 

Works.— Sketches  of  a  sea-port  towu, 3  vols., 
1835  (novel) ;  Conti  the  discarded,  a  novel, 
3  vols.,  1835  ;  Memorials  of   Mrs.    Hemans, 

2  vols.,  1836;  The  Lion,  a  tale  of  the  coteries, 

3  vols.,  1839  ;  Music  and  manners  in  France 
and  Germany,  3  vols.,  London,  1841  ;  Pom- 
fret,  a  novel,  1845;  Old  love  and  new  fortune, 
a  play,  1850  ;  Modern  German  music,  recollec- 
tions and  criticisnas,  London,  3  vols.,  1854  ; 
Koccabella,  a  novel,  1859 ;  Thirty  years' 
musical  recollections,  London,  2  vols.,  1862  ; 
Prodigy,  a  tale  of  music,  London,  3  vols., 
1866;  Handel  studies,  2  parts,  1859;  National 
music  of  the  world,  edited  by  H.  G.  Hewlett, 
1880  ;  Librettos  for  Wallace's  Amber  Witch  ; 
Bennett's  May  Queen,  etc.  ;  Translations  of 
Mercadante's 'Elena  da  Feltre  ;  Cimarosa's 
II  Matrimonio  segreto  ;  Herold's  Zampa  ; 
Auber's  Hayd6e ;  Mendelssohn's  Son  and 
Stranger,  etc. 

Chorley  was  too  many-sided  ever  to  attain 
great  distinction  in  any  one  of  the  numerous 
•walks  he  attempted.  His  musical  writings 
possess  greater  literary  merit  than  most  of 
the  English  work  of  the  same  period,  but  the 
judgments  formed  in  them,  especially  with 
regard  to  I\Iendelssohn,  have  long  since  been 
overturned.  His  "  Autobiography,  Memoir, 
and  Letters,"  edited  by  Henry  G.  Hewlett, 
was  published  in  London,  2  vols.,  1873,  with 
a  photograph. 

ChristicWilliam,  violinistand  composer, 
was  born  about  1778,  and  died  18 1 9.  He  re- 
sided at  Cuminestown,  Monquhitter,  Aber- 
deenshire, as  a  dancing-master  and  teacher. 
ComjDoser  of  a  "  Collection  of  Reels,  etc." 
Edinburgh. 

His  son  William  was  born  at  IMonquhitter 
in  1817,  and  died  at  Bellie,  near  Fochabers, 
December  12,  1885.  He  studied  at  Aberdeen 
University,  and  was  ordained  in  1839  as  in- 
cumbent of  the  Scottish  Episcopal   Church 


CIANCHETTINI. 

of  Arradoul  and  Buckie.  In  1861  he  was 
appointed  Dean  of  the  United  Diocese  of 
Jloray,  Ross,  and  Caithness.  He  compiled 
"Traditional  Ballad  Airs,  arranged  and  har- 
monised for  the  Pianoforte  and  Harmonium, 
from  copies  procured  in  the  counties  of  Aber- 
deen, Banff,  and  Moray,  by  W.  Christie,  M.A., 
and  the  late  William  Christie,  Monquhitter, 
edited  by  W.  Christie,  M.A.,  Dean  of  Moray," 
etc.  Edinburgh,  2  vols.,  1876-81.  A  very 
handsome  and  interesting  work,  containing  a 
number  of  previously  uncollected  airs. 

Church,  John,  composer,  born  at  Windsor 
in  1675.  He  was  a  chorister  of  St.  John's 
College,  Oxford.  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal, 
1696.  Lay-vicar  Westminster  Abbey ;  Choir- 
master, 1704-41.  He  died  at  Westminster, 
January  6,  1741.  Author  of  an  "  Introduction 
to  Psalmody,  containing  usefrl  Instructions 
for  j'oung  Beginners,  explained  in  a  familiar 
and  easie  manner,"  London,  1723.  Service 
in  F,  in  Ouseley's  " Cathedral  Services."  An- 
thems. Four  chants  in  Vandernan's  "  Divine 
Harmony."     Songs,  etc. 

Churchill,  William,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, who  flourished  in  Loudon  at  the  end 
of  last  and  beginning  of  the  present  century. 
He  wrote  a  number  of  works  for  his  instru- 
ment, including  Three  Sonatas  for  pf.  and 
violin ;  Six  Duos  for  2  violins,  op.  2 ;  Six 
Duos  for  violin  and  alto ;  Ten  Progressive 
Lessons  for  pf.,  op.  5  and  10.  Six  trios,  four  for 
a  violin,  tenor  and  violoncello  obligato,  and 
two  for  two  violins  and  violoncello  obligato, 
op.  1  [1780]  ;  Favorite  Sonata  for  the  harp- 
sichord [1785] .  Another  musician  of  this 
name,  probably  a  relative,  was  Joseph  Church- 
ill, who  issued  "  A  selection  of  Cathedral 
Chants,"  London  [1841] .  Songs,  dance  music, 
etc. 

Churchyard,  Thomas,  poet  and  musician, 
who  flourished  during  the  16th  century. 
Wrote  "The  Commendation  of  Musyke  by 
Churchyarde,"  1562.  For  other  works  see 
Hazlitt's  "  Handbook  of  Poetical  Literature," 
1867. 

Cianchettini  Pio,  composer,  was  born 
at  London,  December  11, 1779.  Son  of  Fran- 
cesco Cianchettini.  Appeared  as  infant  pro- 
digy, 1804.  Travelled  through  Germany,  Hol- 
land, and  France.  Returned  to  London,  1805. 
Accompanist  and  conductor  to  Catalani. 
Teacher  and  composer  in  London.  He  died 
at  Cheltenham,  July  20,  1851. 

W'oRKS. — Pope's  Ode  to  Solitude.  Sixty 
Italian  Catches,  for  two,  three,  and  four 
voices  (Martini),  edited.  Cantata  for  two 
voices  from  "  Milton's  Paradise  Lost."  "  Take, 
0  take  those  lips  away,"  song.  Music  by 
Mozart,  and  Beethoven,  edited,  and  a  large 
number  of  fantasias,  concertos,  rondos,  diverti- 
mentos, etc.,  for  pf.  His  mother  was 
Veronica  Rosalie  Dussek  (1779-1833),  sister 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


89 


CIBBEE. 

of  J.  L.  Dussek,  and  his  sister,  Veronica 
Elisabeth  Ciaxchettini,  was  a  composer  of 
overtures,  rondos,  sonatas,  waltzes,  etc. 

Cibber,  Susanna  Maria,  born  Arne, 
soprano  vocalist,  born  London,  February,  1714. 
Sister  of  Thomas  A.  Arne,  under  whom  she 
studied  music.  She  first  appeared  in  Lampe's 
"Amelie,"  in  1732.  Married  to  Thomas  Gib- 
ber in  1734.  She  appeared  as  an  actress  in 
Hill's  "  Zara,"  in  1736,  and  afterwards  sang 
at  concerts  in  London  and  elsewhere.  Died, 
London,  January  30,  1766. 

Clagget,  Charles,  musician,  born  Lon- 
don, 1755.  Was  a  violinist,  and  acted  as 
leader  at,  a  theatre  in  Dublin.  Invented 
various  instruments,  1776-90,  which  he  exhib- 
ited in  London  in  1791.     He  died  in  1820. 

Works. — Six  duos  for  2  flutes ;  Six  duos 
for  two  violins ;  Six  duos  for  ^^olin  and  vio- 
loncello, op.  6.  Musical  Phaenomena :  an 
Organ  made  without  pipes,  strings,  bells  or 
glasses,  the  only  instrument  in  the  world  that 
will  never  require  to  be  retuned.  A  cromatic 
trumpet,  capable  of  producing  just  intervals 
and  regular  melodies  in  all  keys,  without 
undergoing  any  change  whatever.  A  French 
horn,  answering  the  above  description  of  the 
trumpet.     London,  1793. 

Clagget,  Walter,  English  composer  and 
pianist,  who  lived  in  latter  half  of  the  18th 
century.  He  gave  concerts  in  Norwich  and 
London. 

Works. — A  New  Medley  overture,  consist- 
ing entirely  of  Scots  tunes  and  thirty-six  of 
the  most  favourite  Scots  airs  ...  for  2  violins 
or  2  German  flutes  and  a  violoncello.  Six 
solos  and  six  Scots  airs,  with  variations  for 
the  viola  or  violoncello,  op.  2.  Discourse  on 
Musick,  to  be  delivered  at  Clagget's  Attic 
Consort,  October  31,  1793. 

Clapham,  Jonathan,  clergj^man  and  au- 
thor. Rector  of  Wramplingham,  Norfolk,  in 
the  17th  century.  He  wrote  "  A  short  and 
full  vindication  of  that  sweet  and  comfortable 
ordinance  of  singing  of  Psalms,"  London, 
1656. 

Clare,  Edward,  organist  and  author,  who 
died  [London]  April  9th,  1869.  Issued  "An- 
alysis of  practical  Thorough-bass,"  London 
[1835] .  A  simple  guide  for  chanting,  for  the 
use  of  amateurs  .  .  .  ,  London,  n.d.  He  com- 
posed a  large  number  of  ballads,  transcriptions 
for  pf.,  etc. 

Claribel,  see  Barxard,  Mrs. 

Clark,  Rev.  Frederick  Scotson,  organ- 
ist and  composer,  born  in  London,  November 
16th,  1840.  He  studied  under  his  mother 
(a  pupil  of  Mrs.  Anderson  and  Chopin),  and 
the  pianoforte  and  harmony  under  Sergent, 
organist  of  Notre  Dame.  Organist  of  Regent 
Square  Church,  Loudon,  1855.  Studied  organ 
under  E.  J.  Hopkins;  music  at  R.A.M.,  under 
Bennett,   Goss,   Engel,  Pinsuti,   and  Pettit. 


CLABK. 

Organist  successively  of  a  number  of  London 
churches.  Founded  a  College  of  Music  in 
London,  1865.  He  studied  for  the  ministry 
at  Oxford,  and  became  organist  of  Exeter 
College,  Oxford.  Bac.  Mus.,  Oxon.,  1867. 
Head  master  of  St.  Michael's  Grammar  School, 
Brighton,  1867.  Curate  of  Lewes,  Sussex.  For 
a  time  he  studied  at  Leipzig  Conservatorium 
under  Richter,  Reinecke,  etc.,  and  was  assist- 
ant in  English  church  there.  He  also  studied 
under  Lebert,  Pruckuer,  and  Kruger  at  Stutt- 
gart. He  returned  to  London,  1873,  and 
resumed  his  connection  with  the  College  or 
London  Organ  School,  1875.  Represented 
English  organ-plaving  at  Paris  Exhibition, 
1878.     He  died  at  London,  July  5,  1883. 

W^ORKS. — Organ  :  Voluntaries  ;  Pastorale  ; 
Douce  Pensee  ;  Andantes  in  F  and  D  ;  Melo- 
dies in  D,  A,  F,  and  E  flat ;  Postlude. 
Marches :  Anglaise,  aux  Flambeaux,  des  Fan- 
tomes,  des  Girondins,  des  Jacobins,  Militaire, 
Belgian,  Commemoration,  Festal,  Procession, 
Roman,  Russian,  Vienna,  etc.  ;  Communions 
in  D  minor,  F,  C  minor,  A  minor,  G  and  E  ; 
Offertoires  in  F,  D,  A,  G,  and  C  ;  Meditation, 
in  B  flat;  Fantasias  in  F,  etc.;  Improvisations 
in  B  flat,  C,  G,  F  ;  Impromptus,  prayers, 
romances  ;  Gavottes  ;  Minuets,  airs.  Har- 
inonium:  Voluntaries;  Reverie,  Gavotte,  Ave 
Maria,  Songs.  Meditation,  in  B  flat,  for 
violin,  harmonium  and  pf.  Pianoforte  :  Chi- 
nese march  ;  Indian  march  ;  Turkish  march, 
etc.  ;  Mazurkas,  polkas,  galops,  valses,  and 
minuets ;  Barcarolles,  studies,  nocturnes, 
melodies.  Vocal :  Kyrie  Eleison  and  Sanctus 
in  E,  from  communion  service  No.  1  ;  Do. 
from  No.  2  ;  Magnificat  and  nunc  Dimittis, 
chant  service  in  F.  Cupid,  j)art-song.  Songs. 
First  steps  in  organ-playing,  London(.\ugener), 
n.d. ;  First  steps  in  harmonium-playing  (Do.) 
n.d.  ;  First  steps  in  pianoforte-playing,  do. 

Clark,  J.  Moir=,  composer,  born  at  Aber- 
deen. Studied  at  R.A.M.  under  E.  Prout, 
and  later  in  Germany.  He  gave  concerts  in 
Dresden,  1892,  when  several  of  his  compo- 
sitions were  produced.  Among  his  chief  works 
arc  a  Scotch  Suite,  for  orchestra,  performed  by 
the  Stock  Exchange  Orchestral  Society  at  the 
Queen's  Hall,  April  29,  1895.  Quintet  in  P, 
pf.  and  strings,  Dresden,  1892 ;  Princes'  Hall 
(Miss  Dora  Bright's  concert),  April  19,  1893  ; 
and  the  ^londay  Popular  Concerts,  November 
5th,  1894.  He  has  also  written  a  Suite,  and 
other  pieces  for  flute  and  pf.,  produced  by  Mr. 
F.  Griffith,  1893  ;  a  Polonaise,  violin  and  pf. ; 
Variations  on  an  original  theme,  pf.,  played 
by  Miss  Dora  Bright  at  her  recital,  January 
30,  1889 — the  first  public  performance  of  any 
of  his  works  ;  Pf.  duets  ;  songs,  etc. 

Clark,  Jeremiah,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  London,  1669  [or  earlier].  He  studied 
under  Blow  as  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel 
Royal.    Organist  of  Winchester  CoUege,  1692- 


90 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CLARK. 

1695.  Almoner  and  master  of  the  Choristers  of 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London,  1693.  Organist 
and  Vicar-Choral  of  St.  Paul's,  1695  ;  Gentle- 
man of  Chapel  Royal,  1700.  Joint  organist 
of  Chapel  Royal  with  Croft,  1704.  He  com- 
mitted suicide  by  shooting  himself  in  St. 
Paul's  churchyard,  London,  December  1, 1707. 
Works. — Music  to  the  folloiving  plai/s — 
Antony  and  Cleopatra  (Sodley),  1677 ;  Fond 
Husband,  1676;  Titus  Andronicus,  1687; 
World  in  the  Moon  (with  D.  Purcell),  1697 ; 
Campaigners,  1698 ;  Island  Princess  (with  D. 
Purcell  and  Leveridge),  1699  ;  All  for  the 
better,  1702 ;  The  Committee,  1706.  Odes^ 
Alexander's  Feast,  Dryden  ;  Ode  in  Praise  of 
the  Island  of  Barbadoes.  Services  in  G  and 
C  minor.  Anthems — Praise  the  Lord,  O  Jeru- 
salem ;  How  long  wilt  Thou  forget  me  ? ;  I 
will  love  Thee,  O  Lord  ;  0  Lord  God  of  my 
Salvation ;  Bow  down  Thine  Fjar.  Songs  in 
D'Urfey's  "  Pills  to  Purge  Melancholy."  The 
Assumption,  Cantata ;  Lessons  for  the  Harp- 
sichord ;  Ten  Songs,  op.  4 ;  Secular  music, 
miscellaneous. 

Clark  is  now  best  remembered  by  a  few  of 
his  anthems  and  the  psalm-tune"  St.  Mag- 
nus." His  dramatic  music  is  completely 
forgotten,  and  none  of  his  other  secular  works 
are  in  use. 

Clark,  John,  Scottish  collector  and  vio- 
linist of  the  18th  century.  Published  "  Floras 
MusiciB,  or  the  Scots  Musician,  being  a  general 
collection  of  the  most  celebrated  Scots  Tunes, 
Reels,  Minuets,  and  Marches,  adapted  for  the 
Violin,  Hautboy,  or  German  Flute,  with  a 
Bass  for  the  violoncello  or  Harpsichord." 
Edinburgh,  1773. 

A  musician  of  the  same  name,  probably  the 
same  individual  or  a  relative,  published  at 
Perth  "A  Collection  of  new  Strathspey  reels 
and  country  dances,  with  a  bass  for  the  vio- 
loncello or  harpsichord,  dedicated  to  the 
Musical  Society  of  Perth,"  1795. 

Clark,  Richard,  writer  and  singer,  grand- 
son of  John  Sale,  was  born  at  Datchet,  Bucks., 
April  5,  1780.  Chorister  in  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor,  under  Aylward.  Chorister 
at  Eton  College,  under  S.  Heather.  Lay-Clerk 
at  St.  George's  Chapel,  and  Eton  College, 
1802-11.  Secretary  of  the  Glee  Club.  Lay- 
Vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey  and  Vicar-Choral 
of  St.  Paul's,  1811.  Gentleman  of  Chapel 
Royal,  1820.  He  died  at  London,  October 
8,  1856. 

Works. — Words  of  the  most  favourite  pieces 
performed  at  the  Glee  Club,  Catch  Club,  and 
other  public  societies,  London,  1814.  First 
volume  of  poetry,  revised,  improved,  and  con- 
siderably enlarged,  containing  the  most  favour- 
ite pieces  performed  at  the  Glee  Clubs,  etc., 
London,  1824.  Continuation,  1833.  An 
account  of  the  National  Anthem  entitled 
"  God  save  the  King,"   etc.,  London,  1822. 


CLARKE. 

Reminiscences  of  Handel,  His  Grace  the  Duke 
of  Chandos,  Powells  the  Harpers,  The  Har- 
monious Blacksmith,  and  others,  London, 
1836.  Reading  and  playing  from  score  simpli- 
fied, London,  1838.  An  examination  into  the 
derivation,  etymology,  and  definition  of  the 
word  "  Madrigale,"  London,  1852.  On  the 
sacred  oratorio  of  "  The  Messiah  "  previous 
to  the  death  of  G.  F.  Handel,  1759,  London, 
1852.  An  address  to  the  directors  of  the 
Ancient  Concerts  on  the  high  pitch  of  the 
scale,  London,  1845.  Glees,  anthems,  chants, 
etc. 

Clark,  Thomas,  musician,  born  at  Can- 
terbury, 1775  ;  died  there,  May  30th,  1859. 
He  was  conductor  of  music  at  the  Wesleyan 
Chapel,  and  latterly  of  the  LTnitarian  Chapel, 
Canterbury.  He  published  "  The  Ll^nion 
Harmonist,  a  selection  of  sacred  music,'.'  1841. 
"  The  Union  Tune  Book,  a  selection  of  tunes 
and  chants  suitable  for  use  in  congregations 
and  Sunday  schools,"  London  [1842].  Psalm 
and  hymn  tunes,  n.d.  Composer  of  "Cred- 
iton,"  and  other  hymn  tunes. 

Clark,  Windeyer,  organist,  pianist,  and 
composer.  Began  his  studies  in  a  Tonic  Sol- 
fa  class.  He  entered  the  London  Academy 
of  Music,  studying  under  Dr.  Wylde,  and 
afterwards  took  organ  lessons  from  J.  W.  Ell- 
iott. From  about  1877  he  became  amanuensis 
to  Sir  G.  A.  INIacfarren,  whose  later  oratorios 
he  took  down  from  dictation,  and  also  played 
to  the  Cambridge  Professor  the  Degree  exer- 
cises sent  in.  Held  organ  appointments  at 
St.  Philip's,  Paddington ;  Curzon  Chapel, 
IMayfair ;  and  Westbourne  Grove  Chapel. 
Gave  frequent  recitals,  for  some  of  which 
Macfarren  wrote  organ  pieces.  In  1889  he 
was  made  L.R.A.M.  He  composed  some 
pieces  for  pf.,  and  arranged  the  scores  of  Mac- 
farren's  "  May  Day,"  Haydn's  "  Creation," 
]\Iozart's  First  Mass,  and  Mendelssohn's 
"  Lauda  Zion,"  for  pianoforte  and  harmonium. 
Joint  translator,  with  J.  T.  Hutchinson,  of 
Gounod's  commentary  on  "  Don  Giovanni,"' 
London,  Cocks  &  Co.,  1895.  He  died  of  con- 
sumption, June  13,  1896,  at  the  early  age  of 
thirty-seven. 

Clarke,  Charles  E.  J.,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Worcester,  1796.  He  was 
a  chorister  in  Worcester  Cathedral.  Organist 
successively  of  Durham  Cathedral,  1812,  and 
Worcester  Cathedral,  1814.  Conductor  of  the 
Worcester  Festival  from  1815  (when  only 
nineteen  years  of  age),  to  1839.  Ill  health 
compelled  him  to  relinquish  the  task  in  1842, 
when  Joseph  Surman  was  api)ointed conductor. 
Died  at  Worcester,  April  27,  1844. 

Clarke,  Frederick  William,  composer, 
born  in  1852;  died  in  1883.  He  graduated 
Mus.  Bac.  Oxford  in  1880.  Composer  of  Re- 
veries, polonaises,  gavottes,  etc.,  for  pf . ;  Songs 
and  other  vocal  music.     An  Album  of  his- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


91 


CLARKE. 

songs,  edited  by  Rev.  W.  Mann,  Precentor  of 
Bristol  Cathedral,  and  Charles  South,  organist 
of  Salisbury  Cathedral,  was  published,  Bi 
Memoriam,  by  NoveUo  and  Co.,  1885. 

Clarke,  James,  writer  and  teacher,  born 
at  London,  1793 ;  died  at  Leeds,  1859.  Author 
of  a  "  Catechism  of  Wind  Instruments,  con- 
taining explanations  of  the  scale  and  compass 
of  each  instrument,  and  particular  directions 
for  writing  the  parts  of  flutes,  clarinets,  etc.," 
Loudon,  n.d.  "  Instruction  Book  for  Chil- 
dren on  the  Pianoforte,"  London,  n.d.  "The 
Child's  Alphabet  of  Music,"  London,  n.d. 
"  Exercises  in  Harmony,  designed  to  facilitate 
the  study  of  the  Theory  of  Music  and  the 
Practice  of  Thorough  Bass,  London,  1832 
(pub.  in  24  nos).  "  Catechism  of  the  Rudi- 
ments of  Music,"  London,  n.d.  "New  School 
of  Music,  combining  the  Practice  of  Singing 
with  that  of  the  Pianoforte,"  London,  n.d. 

Clarke,  James  Hamilton  Smee,  com- 
poser and  conductor,  born  in  Birmingham, 
January  25, 1840.  His  father  was  an  amateur 
organist,  and  encouraged  his  son's  musical 
studies,  but  did  not  intend  him  to  follow  the 
art  as  a  profession.  At  twelve  he  was  organist 
of  St.  Matthew's,  Duddeston,  and  at  fifteen 
was  sent  as  pupil  to  an  analytical  chemist, 
but  gave  that  up  and  was  articled  to  a  land 
surveyor,  1855-61.  At  the  expiration  of  his 
articles  he  entered  the  musical  profession, 
and  obtained  (1862)  a  post  as  organist  of  Par- 
sonstown  Parish  Church,  Ireland,  changing, 
a  year  later,  to  Zion  Church,  Rathgar,  Dublin. 
While  here  he  joined  the  Dublin  Philharmonic 
orchestra  as  first  violiu,  and  frequently  as- 
sisted Dr.  Stewart  at  Christchurch  Cathedral. 
In  1864  he  was  appointed  conductor  of  the 
Belfast  Anacreontic  Society,  and  organist  of 
Caremouy  Church.  This  year  he  won  the 
first  prize  offered  by  the  then  recently  estab- 
lished College  of  Organists  for  an  anthem. 
He  was  appointed  organist  of  Queen's  College, 
Oxford,  in  June,  1866,  after  holding  office  a 
few  months  at  Llandaff  Cathedral,  and  gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  1867.  During  his  five  years' 
residence  in  this  city  he  conducted  the 
Queen's  CoUege  Musical  Society,  and  played 
the  clarinet  at  several  CoUege  concerts.  He 
was  organist  of  Kensington  Parish  Church, 
1871,  and  succeeded  (Sir)  Arthur  Sullivan  at 
St.  Peter's,  South  Kensington,  in  1872.  From 
this  time  he  turned  his  attention  to  the 
theatre,  and  was  conductor  at  the  Opera 
Comique,  Comedy,  Toole's,  Gaiety,  and  other 
houses;  conductor  of  the  D'Oyly  Carte  Com- 
pany in  the  provinces,  1878,  and  of  various 
concert  parties.  Froni  1878,  for  some  years,  he 
was  musical  director  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre, 
and  composed  music  for  several  dramas  pro- 
duced by  (Sir)  Henry  Irving.  In  1889  he  was 
appointed  conductor  of  the  Victorian  National 
Orchestra,  returning  from  Australia  in  1891. 


CLARKE. 

While  there  he  acted  as  inspector  of  military 
bands,  and  had  the  honorary  rank  of  Captain 
conferred  upon  him.  In  1893  he  accepted  the 
post  of  principal  conductor  of  the  Carl  Rosa 
Company.  He  is  now  resident  in  London. 
His  published  works  are  nearly  four  hundred 
in  number,  and  can  only  be  outlined  in  the 
subjoined  list.  He  contributed  an  important 
series  of  papers  to  Musical  Society,  1886-7. 

Works. — Dramatic  :  Incidental  music  to 
Hamlet,  1878  ;  Merchant  of  Venice,  1879 ; 
Eugene  Aram,  1879 ;  The  Iron  Chest  (partly 
from  Storace),  1879 ;  The  Corsican  Brothers, 
1880;  The  Cup  (Tennyson,  1881) ;  King  Lear, 
1892;  and  Cjinbeline,  1896 ;  all  for  the  Lyceum 
Theatre,  under  Henry  Irving.  Music  to  Vit- 
toria  Contanari,  and  other  dramas.  Com- 
ediettas and  operettas  for  the  German  Reed. 
Entertainments  ;  Martial  Law ;  Castle  Both- 
erem,  1880 ;  A  pretty  Bequest,  etc.  School 
Cantatas  and  Operettas  :  Daisy  Chain  ;  Horn- 
pipe Harry,  op.  358,  etc.  Sacred  Cantata : 
Praise,  op.  68 ;  Ode  to  Industry,  op.  90 ;  The 
Lord  is  my  Light,  anthem  in  8  parts,  op.  44 
(College  of  Organists'  Prize,  1864) ;  many  an- 
thems, Church  services,  songs,  part-songs,  etc. 
Orchestral:  Symphony,  No.  1,  in  F  (Exhib- 
ition Concerts,  Albert  Hall,  August,  1873) ; 
No.  2,  in  G  minor,  op.  122  (Promenade  Con- 
certs, Covent  Garden,  1879) ;  six  overtures, 
and  other  pieces.  Concerto,  pf .  and  orchestra, 
op.  78 ;  Quartets,  strings ;  Quartet,  pf.  and 
strings.  Sonata  and  Romance,  pf.  and  flute,  etc. 
Organ  :  Six  sonatas  ;  Three  andantes  ;  Three 
offertories;  Three  pieces,  op.  348,  etc.,  etc. 

Clarke,  James  P.,  Scottish  musician,  who 
held  a  good  teaching  position  in  the  West  of 
Scotland.  For  some  time  he  was  assistant  to 
a  music-seller  in  Edinburgh.  In  1829,  he  was 
leader  of  psalmody  in  St.  George's  Church, 
Glasgow ;  and  in  1834,  he  succeeded  Thomas 
Macfarlane,  as  organist  of  St.  Mary's  Epis- 
copal Chapel.  In  1835,  he  emigrated  to  Canada, 
after  which  all  trace  of  him  seems  to  be 
lost.  He  edited  "  Parochial  Psalmody,  a  new 
Collection  of  approved  Psalm  tiines,  including 
several  composed  expressly  for  this  work,  to 
which  are  prefixed.  Lessons  in  the  Art  of 
Singing,"  Glasgow,  [c.  1830],  2nd  ed.,  1832. 
The  Choir  :  a  selection  of  choruses,  anthems, 
etc.,  edited  by  J.  P.  Clarke,  late  organist  of 
St.  INIary's  Chapel,  and  A.  Thomson,  organist 
of  St.  Andrew's  Chapel,  Glasgow  [1835] .  He 
also  composed  songs  in  Atkinson's  "Chame- 
leon," and  in  Hogg's  "Border  Garland" 
[1829] ,  etc. 

Clarke,  Jane,  musician  and  organist,  pub- 
lished "  Select  portions  of  psalms  and  hymns, 
adapted  to  music,  as  sung  at  Oxford  Chaiicl," 
London  [1808]. 

Clarke,  Jessie  Murray,  authoress  of 
"  How  to  excel  in  Singing  and  Elocution.  A 
manual  for  lady  students,"  London,  1884. 


92 


BEITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


CLARKE. 

Clarke,  John  Charles,  musician  of  first 
half  of  the  present  century,  who  resided  in 
Edinburgh  as  a  conductor  and  vocalist.  He 
published  a  "  Collection  of  Glees  and  Chor- 
uses," Edinburgh  [1840] . 

Clarke,  John,  or  Clarke=Whitfeld, 
composerand  organist,  was  born  at  Gloucester, 
December  1.3th,  1770.  He  studied  under 
Philip  Hayes,  and  became  organist  of  St. 
Lawrence's,  Liidlow,  1789-94.  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxon.,  1793.  Organist  of  Armagh  Cathedral, 
1794-97.  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin,  1795.  Master 
of  choristers  and  organist  of  Christ  Church 
and  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dublin,  1798. 
Organist  and  Choirmaster  of  Trinity  and 
St.  John's  Colleges,  Cambridge,  1799-1820. 
Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1799.  Mus.  Doc,  Oxon., 
1810.  Organist  of  Hereford  Cathedral,  1820- 
33.  Professor  of  Music,  Cambridge  Univer- 
sity, 1821.  He  died  at  Holmcr,  near  Hereford, 
February  22,  1836,  and  is  buried  in  Hereford 
Cathedral. 

Works. — Cathedral  music  (consisting  of 
services  and  anthems),  4  vols.,  1805-1822, 
reprinted  by  Novello.  Crucifixion  and  the 
Resurrection,  oratorio,  1822.  Twelve  Glees, 
composed  and  inscribed  bv  permission  to 
H.R.H.  the  Prince  Regent  "[1805]  ;  Twelve 
vocal  pieces,  with  original  poetry,  2  vols.,  n.d. 
Glees,  etc. :  Alice  Brand ;  The  Carpet  Weaver  ; 
Celestial  Hope  ;  Come,  Ossian,  come  ;  The 
Coronach  ;  Dawn  of  Day  ;  Edith  of  Lorn  ; 
Hymn  for  the  dead  ;  Hymn  to  the  nroi-ning 
star  ;  It  was  a  night  of  lovely  June  ;  Merrily 
boinids  the  bark  :  ]\rinstre]'s  tale;  Red  Cross 
Knights  :  What  tho'  the  Knights  ;  When  I 
am  doom'd  ;  Wide  o'er  the  brim.  Songs  : 
Ah  !  whither,  Morpheus  ;  Blanche  of  Devon's 
song ;  Bonnie,  bonnie  blue  ;  Days  that  are 
gone  ;  Ellen's  song  ;  The  Maid  of  the  IMoor  ; 
Here's  the  vow  ;  In  peace  love  tunes  ;  Know 
ye  the  land  ;  Laugh  and  rejoice  ;  ilinstrel's 
Harp ;  Moorland  Mary ;  Oh  !  sweet  is  the 
perfume  ;  Poor  ]\Iary  ;  Smile  of  affection  ; 
Soldier,  rest ;  Thou  dear  native  land  ;  Wake, 
Maid  of  Lorn  ;  With  jet  black  eyes  ;  Young 
Lochinvar.  The  Beauties  of  Purcell.  Thirty- 
four  favourite  anthems,  selected  fi"om  various 
English  composers,  2  vols.  The  Vocal  works 
composed  by  G.  F.  Handel,  arranged  for  organ 
or  pianoforte,  London,  17  vols.  [1809] .  Selec- 
tion of  single  and  double  chants,  in  score, 
2  vols.,  n.d. 

Clarke,  Mary  Cowden,  born  M.\ry  Vic- 
TORi.\  NovKLLO,  writer,  daughter  of  Vincent 
Novello,  was  born  at  London,  June,  1809. 
She  was  married  in  1828  to  Charles  Cowden 
Clarke.  She  compiled  the  famous  "  Shake- 
speare Concordance,"  wrote  novels  and  poetry, 
edited  an  edition  of  Shakespeare,  and  wrote 
the  "  Life  and  labours  of  Vincent  Novello." 
London,  1864  (portrait).  "  My  long  life  :  an 
autobiographic  sketch,"  London,  Unwin,  1896. 


CLAXTON. 

Clarke,  Payne,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
INIanchester,  December  23,  1860.  He  .sang  as 
a  boy  at^the  Church  of  the  Holy  Name,  Man- 
chester, and  subsequently  as  an  alto  and  tenor 
for  some  years.  He  studied  under  Dr.  Henry 
Hiles,  and  later  with  Mr.  William  Shakespeare. 
After  some  experience  in  opera,  he  joined  ]\Ir. 
J.  W.  Turner's  Company  in  1886,  and  later  in 
the  same  year  was  a  member  of  the  Carl  Rosa 
Opera  Company,  in  which  he  remained  for 
three  years,  sustaining  a  number  of  characters. 
In  1890  he  appeared  at  Denver,  U.S.A.,  as 
Manrico,  in  II  Trovatore,  and  as  Lohengrin 
at  the  National  Theatre,  Mexico,  in  1891.  He 
was  singing  in  concerts  in  London,  1894  ;  but 
he  is  more  widely  known  in  the  north  as  a 
concert  singer. 

Clarke,  Stephen,  musician,  was  born  at 
Durham  about  the  middle  of  the  18th  century. 
He  was  organist  of  the  Episcopal  Chapel  in 
the  Cowgate  of  Edinburgh,  and  a  teacher 
there  from  about  1764.  He  died  at  Edin- 
burgh, August  6,  1797.  He  composed  "  Two 
Sonatas  for  the  Pianoforte  or  Harpsichord,  in 
which  are  introduced  favourite  Scotch  airs, 
composed  and  respectfully  dedicated  to  Mr. 
Erskine,  Jun.,  of  Mar,"  op.  3.  Edinburgh, 
1790.  He  also  harmonized  the  airs  in  John- 
son's "  Scots  IMusical  IMuseum."  On  his  death 
the  work  was  continued  by  his  son  William 
(born  Edinburgh  [c.  1780] :  died  Edinburgh, 
1820),  who  was  organist  of  St.  Paul's  Episcopal 
Chapel,  and  a  teacher  and  writer  of  some  small 
pieces  for  the  pianoforte  and  voice.  He  issued 
"  A  Collection  of  the  most  favourite  airs, 
progressively  arranged  and  fingered  for  the 
pianoforte."     Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Clarke,  William,  musician,  born  1740; 
died  December  5,  1820.  He  was  a  Vicar- 
Choral  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and  Minor 
Canon,  1769.  He  is  buried  in  the  crypt  of  St. 
Paul's.  He  edited  "A  Collection  of  Chaunts, 
Psalm  Tunes,  Hymns,  and  an  Anthem  in  four 
parts,"  n.d. 

Clarkson,  John,  Scottish  dancing-master 
and  violinist,  who  died  at  St.  Andrews, 
January  20,  1812.  He  compiled  "  Clarkson's 
Musical  Entertainment,  being  a  selection  of 
various  Tunes  and  Pieces  of  Music  adapted 
for  the  Pf.  or  Harpsichord,"  n.d. 

His  son  John  was  a  dancing-master  and 
violinist,  and  published  "  A  Complete  Collec- 
tion of  the  much-admired  Tunes,  as  Danced 
at  the  Balls  and  Publics  of  the  late  Mr. 
Strange,  Teacher  of  Dancing  in  Edinburgh." 
This  work  appeared  about  the  beginning  of 
this  ccnturj'. 

Claxton,  Rev.  William,  organist  of  St. 
Michael's  College,  Tenburv,  graduated  B.A., 
1876;  Mus.  B.,  1882,  Oxford,  Curate  of  Hart- 
ley Wintney,  1887.  Composer  of  a  morning 
communion,  and  evening  service,  in  G;  an- 
thems ;    songs ;    part-song,  "  Ye   little  birds 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


93 


CLAY. 

tliat  sit  and  sing"  (men's  voices  and  orches- 
tra), etc. 

Clay,  Frederick,  composer,  born  at  Paris, 
August  3,  1840.  Son  of  James  Clay,  who  was 
M.P.  for  Hull,  and  a  famous  whist  player. 
He  studied  und^  Molique  at  Paris,  and 
Hauptmann  at  Leipzig.  For  a  short  time  he 
held  a  post  in  the  Treasury  Department.  He 
resided  in  London  as  a  teacher  and  composer, 
but  latterly,  owing  to  ill-health,  retired  to 
Great  Marlow,  Bucks,  where  he  died  Nov. 
24,  1889. 

Works. — Operas  and  Operettas :  The  Pi- 
rate's Isle,  1859 ;  Out  of  Sight,  1860 ;  Court 
and  Cottage,  1862 ;  Constance.  1865 ;  Ages 
Ago,  1869  ;  Gentleman  in  Black,  1870  ;  Happy 
Arcadia,  1872;  Cattarina,  1874;  Princess 
Toto,  1875;  Don  Quixote,  1875;  Babil  and 
Bijou,  1872  (with  others) ;  Black  Crook,  1872  ; 
Oriana ;  Merry  Duchess,  1883 ;  Music  to 
Shakespeare's  "  Twelfth  Night."  Cantatas  : 
Knights  of  the  Cross,  1866 ;  Lalla  Bookh, 
1877.     Part-songs,  songs,  etc. 

Clayton,  Eleanor  Creathorne  (Mrs. 
Needham),  novelist  and  musical  writer,  born 
at  Dublin  in  1832.  Author  of  "  Queens  of 
Song ;  being  memoirs  of  some  of  the  most 
celebrated  female  vocalists  who  have  appeared 
on  the  lyric  stage  from  the  earliest  days  of 
opera  to  the  present  time,  with  a  chronological 
list  of  all  the  operas  that  have  been  performed 
in  Europe."     London,  1863,  2  vols. 

Clayton,  Thomas,  English  composer,  born 
in  1670.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Roval  Band 
of  William  and  Mary,  1692-1702.  After  re- 
siding in  Italy  he  returned  to  England  and 
introduced  Italian  opera.  He  died  in  1730. 
He  composed  music  for  Addison's  Rosamund  ; 
Arsinoe ;  Dryden's  Alexander's  Feast ;  The 
Passion  of  Sappho,  etc.,  but  none  of  it  appears 
to  possess  much  merit. 

Clegg,  David,  organist  of  Littleborough 
Parish  Church  (1891),  is  the  composer  of  a 
cantata,  "  The  Daughter  of  Jairus,"  produced 
at  Rochdale,  December  8,  1891 ;  and  an  opera, 
"  Cleopatra,"  selections  from  which  were  given 
at  the  same  place  and  date. 

Clegg,  John,  violinist,  born  Ireland,  1714. 
He  studied  under  Dubourg  and  Buononcini, 
and  first  appeared  in  London,  1723.  After 
travelling  in  Italy,  he  was  appointed  principal 
violin  at  the  Opera,  London.  He  became 
insane  towards  the  end  of  his  career,  and  died 
in  1746. 

Cleland,  George,  musician  and  organist 
of  the  end  of  18th  and  first  half  of  present 
century.  He  was  organist  of  St.  Mary's 
Chapel,  Bath.  He  published  "  A  selection  of 
chants  never  before  piiblished,  together  with 
asanctusand  kyrie  eleison,  arranged  in  score," 
London  [1824] . 

Clench,  Leonora,  violinist,  native  of  St. 
Mary's,  Canada.     Studied  at  Leipzig  Conserv- 


CLIFTON. 

atorium,  and  played  at  a  concert  given  in  that 
town  by  Miss  5larie  Wurm,  November  7, 1886,. 
and  at  other  concerts  in  the  same  year.  In 
London  she  made  her  debut  at  a  concert  at 
the  Lyric  Club,  June  24,  1892.  Appeared  as 
soloist  at  the  Hovingham  Festival,  Yorks., 
1896. 

Cliffe,  Frederick,  pianitst  and  composer,, 
born  at  Low  Moor,  near  Bradford,  Yorkshire, 
May  2,  1857.  As  quite  a  child  he  had  a  local 
reputation  as  pianist  and  organist,  and  at  six- 
teen (in  1873)  he  was  appointed  organist  to 
the  Bradford  Festival  Choral  Society.  In 
1876  he  was  elected  to  a  Scholarship  in  the 
National  Training  School  for  Music,  after 
leaving  which  he  was  pianist  and  accompanist 
on  various  concert  tours.  He  plaj'ed  a  con- 
certo at  the  Promenade  Concerts,  Covent 
Garden,  in  1882  ;  and  on  the  opening  of  the 
Royal  College  of  Music,  in  1883,  he  was 
appointed  a  professor  of  the  pianoforte.  He 
came  into  notice  as  a  composer  with  a  sym- 
phony in  C  minor,  produced  at  the  Crvstal 
Palace,  April  20,  1889.  In  1890  he  composed 
an  orchestra  picture,  "Clouds  and  sunshine," 
for  the  Philharmonic  Society,  which  was  pro- 
duced May  22  of  that  year.  For  the  Leeds 
Festival  of  1892  he  wrote  a  second  Symphony, 
"  A  summer  night,"  and  a  violin  concerto  for 
the  Norwich  Festival  of  1896.  He  has  also 
composed  several  songs,  etc. 

Clifford,  Rev.  James,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Oxford,  1622.  Chorister  of 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1632-42.  Minor 
Canon  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London,  1661. 
Senior  Cardinal,  St.  Paul's,  Loudon,  1682. 
Curate  of  Parish  Church  of  St.  Gregory. 
Chaplain  to  Society  of  Serjeant's  Inn.  He 
died  at  London,  September,  1698. 

WoEKS. — A  Collection  of  Divine  Services 
and  Anthems,  usually  sung  in  His  Majesty's 
Chapel,  and  in  all  the  cathedral  and  collegiate 
choirs  of  England  and  Ireland,  by  James 
Clifford,  1663,  2nd  edition  enlarged,  1664. 
Sermons,  etc. 

Clifford,  Walter,  baritone  vocalist.  Sang 
as  a  boy  in  the  choir  of  Holj'  Trinity  Church, 
Hull.  Became  a  pupil  of  Edwin  Holland, 
and  made  his  debut  at  ^Ir.  Ambrose  Austin's 
concert  at  St.  James's  Hall,  1879,  appearing 
at  the  Covent  Garden  Promenade  Concerts 
the  same  year.  He  sang  in  English  Opera  in 
the  provinces,  and  took  the  part  of  De  Bre- 
tigny  in  IMassenet's  "  Manon,"  when  the 
opera  was  produced  b)'  Carl  Rosa  at  Drury 
Lane,  May  7,  1885.  After  singing  for  some 
time  at  concerts  in  various  places,  he  was 
engaged,  in  1887,  for  an  American  tour  by  the 
Chicago  Symphonic  Orchestral  Society. 

Clifton,  Henry  Robert,  better  known  as 
"  Harry  Clifton,"  author  and  composer  of 
comic  songs,  born  at  Hoddesden,  Hereford,  in 
1831,  died,  Hanimersmith,  London,  July  15,' 


94 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CLIFTON. 

1872.  Well-known  in  his  day  as  author  and 
composer  of  music-hall  lyrics  of  the  "  motto  " 
variety,  among  which  were  "Paddle  your  own 
canoe;"  "  Pulling  hard  against  the  stream  ;  " 
"  Shelling  green  peas  ;  "  "  Work,  boys,  work," 
and  many  others.  He  also  wrote  "  PoUy 
Perkins  of  Paddington  Green"  [1865],  and 
other  songs  of  a  mock-sentimental  type,  such 
as  the  "  Agreeable  j'oung  man  ;  "  "  Convivial 
man  ;  "  "  Jemima  Brown  ;  "  "  On  board  of 
the  Kangaroo  "  [1865],  etc.  For  many  years 
he  resided  in  Glasgow  as  a  music-hall  singer. 

Clifton,  John  Charles,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  at  London,  1781.  Studied  under 
R.  Bellamy  and  Charles  Woslej'.  Employed 
for  a  time  in  mercantile  pursuits.  Resided 
at  Bath  as  teacher  and  conductor.  Went  to 
Dublin,  1802,  and  resided  there  as  teacher  and 
composer  till  1815.  Settled  in  London,  1816, 
as  teacher  of  the  pf.  and  advocate  of  Logier's 
svstem.  He  died  at  Hammersmith,  London, 
November  IS,  1841. 

Works.  —  Edwin,  opera,  Dublin,  1815; 
Series  of  Moral  Songs,  by  W.  F.  Collard,  pub- 
lished in  parts,  1823-4;  Selection  of  British 
Melodies,  with  appropriate  words,  by  J.  F.  M. 
Dovaston,  Londcn,  n.d. ;  Collection  of  French 
Airs,  with  symphonies  and  accompaniments, 
2  vols.  As  pants  the  hart,  canon.  Glees — 
Three  glees  for  3,  4,  and  5  voices,  1823 ;  A 
blossom  wreath  ;  Maid  of  Toro"^  On  a  rock 
whose  haughty  brow  ;  Quick  flew  the  gales  of 
rosy  spring;  Hushed  is  the  harp;  Pray  goody. 
Songs — As  through  life's  earh-  path ;  First 
dawn  of  love;  Good-night,  my  prett}' Anne  ; 
If  music  be  the  food  of  love  (canzonet) ;  Mil- 
ler's daughter ;  Sensitive  Plant ;  Soft  on  the 
violet  bank  ;  With  love-fraught  eyes ;  Nay,  if 
you  threaten  ;  Sweet  choice  of  my  heart ;  A 
biunpor  of  sparkling  wine,  etc.  Theory  of 
Harmony  Simplified,  .1816  ;  Instructions  for 
the  Pianoforte  ;  Memoir  of  Sir  John  Steven- 
son (in  a  review),  etc. 

Clifton  was  a  pianist  of  much  ability,  and 
invented,  in  1816,  an  instrument  called  the 
"  Eidomusicon,"  which,  on  being  fastened  to 
the  keyboard  of  the  pianoforte,  produced  the 
notes  and  chords  as  they  were  struck,  with  a 
view  to  displaying  them  to  the  eye,  and  so 
facilitate  sight-singing,  etc. 

Clinton,  George  Arthur,  clarinettist, 
born  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne.  For  many  years 
a  member  of  the  Crystal  Palace  Orchestra, 
and  a  soloist  at  the  concerts  there  at  least 
since  1876.  Principal  clarinet  in  Her  Majesty's 
Private  Band,  and  in  the  Philharmonic  Or- 
chestra. Professor  of  the  Clarinet  at  R.A.M. 
Has  given  Chamber  Concerts  of  music  for 
wind  instruments  in  various  halls  in  London, 
1892-6,  and  has  played  at  the  Saturday  Popu- 
lar Concerts,  etc, 

Clinton,  John,  flute  player  and  writer, 
born  in  1810 ;  died  at  London  in  1864.    Author 


COBB. 

of  A  Treatise  upon  the  ilechanism  and  general 
principles  of  the  Flute,  London,  n.d. ;  Com- 
plete School  for  the  Boehm  Flute,  containing 
everything  necessary  to  learn  that  instrument, 
from  the  elements  to  the  most  advanced  stage, 
London,  n.d.  (5  editions),  Ashdo^vn ;  A  Code 
of   Instruction  for  the  Equisonant  flute,  in 
which    the   fingering  and   resources  of   that 
j  instrument  arc  fully  explained  by  numerous 
j  examples ;  First  Set  of  three  Grand  Studies 
'  for  the  Flute ;   Second  do. ;  Universal  Flute 
'  Tutor  (Boosey).     Flute  vnisic — Trios  for  two 
flutes  and  pf.,  opp.  2,  3,  10;    Trios  for  three 
flutes,  opp.  7  and  9 ;    Five  Notturnos,  flute 
and  harp  (with  Oberthiir) ;  Gems  of  the  Italian 
School ;   Cavatinas,  or  songs  without  words ; 
The  Drawing-Room  Concert,  written  by  W. 
Ball;  Transcriptions  for  flute  and  pf.,  of  which 
he  published  an  enormous  number. 

'      Clipsham,  J ,  musician,  compiled  the 

'  "  Divine  Psalmist's  Companion,"  Market  Har- 
'  borough, 1753, 

I  Clive,  Catherine,  hoi~n  R.\fftor,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  in  London,  of  Irish  parents,  in 
1711.  She  sang  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre  from 
1728.  Married  to  George  Clive,  a  barrister, 
in  1734,  and  separated  from  him  in  1769. 
Retired  from  stage.  She  died  at  Twickenham, 
Dec.  6,  1785.  See  Life  of  Catherine  Clive, 
with  an  account  of  her  adventures  on  and  off 
the  stage  .  .  .  bv  Percv  Fitzgerald,  London, 
I  1888. 

Clive,  Franklin  F.,  bass  vocalist  of  the 
present  day.     He  learnt  the  violin  at  nine 
years  of  age,  and  when  seventeen  entered  an 
'  office   in   the  city  of  London.     In  time  his 
voice  developed,  and  gaining  a  Scholarship  at 
[  Trinity  College,  London,  he  studied  for  the 
'  profession.     About  the  year  1882,  he  was  be- 
I  coming  known  as  a  singer  ;  sang  in  the  "  Mes- 
siah," at  Birmingham,  Boxing  Night,  1883, 
with  success,  and  in  other  places.    He  was  on 
tour  with  an  Opera  Company  in   1887,   and 
appeared  as  King  Richard,  in  Sullivan's  "  Ivan- 
hoe,"  at  the  Roval  English  Opera,  in  February, 
1891. 

Clutsam,  George  H ,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, a  native  of  Australia.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Amy  Sherwin  Concert  Party  in 
Australia,  1888 ;  and  acted  as  accompanist 
during  the  Melba  tour  in  England,  1893.  His 
compositions  include  a  Symphony  (a  move- 
ment from  which  was  performed  at  i'jae  Covent 
Garden  Promenade  Concerts,  October  3, 1890), 
and  other  works ;  Songs,  etc. 

Cobb,  Gerard  Francis,  composer,  born 
at  Nettlestead,  Kent,  October  15,  1838.  Edu- 
cated at  Marlborough  CoUege,  and  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  of  which  he  was  elected 
Soholar  in  1860 ;  and,  after  taking  a  double 
First,  a  Fellow,  in  1863.  His  musical  training 
was  chiefly  in  Dresden.  He  was  President  of 
the  Cambridge  University  Musical  Society  for 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


95 


COBB. 

some  ten  years,  from  1874  ;  and  Chairman  of 
the  University  Board  of  Musical  Studies  for 
fifteen  years,  from  1877.  His  compositions 
are  very  numerous,  although,  from  the  claims 
of  his  ofl&cial  work  at  the  University,  it  was 
many  years  before  he  was  able  to  devote  his 
attention  to  creative  art. 

Works. — Psalm  62,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  composed  for  the  Festival  of  the 
North-Eastern  Choir  Association,Ripon  Cathe- 
dral, 1892.  Seven  Church  services,  including  ' 
a,  full  Morning,  Communion,  and  Evening 
Service  in  C  major,  for  men's  voices,  composed 
(by  request)  for  the  use  of  the  Choir^of  St. 
■George's  Chapel,  Windsor.  Motet,  Surge  II- 
luminare  (Leslie'sChoir,  March,  1887);  Seven 
anthems.  Prize  Glee  (four  voices),  A  Message 
to  Phyllis  ;  Prize  Madrigal  (six  voices).  Sleep- 
ing Beauty,  etc.  Six  Songs  (W.  Fergusson) ; 
Liieder  urid  Gesange  (six  songs) ;  Three  English 
Ballads  ;  Three  Sacred  Songs  ;  Barrack  Room 
Ballads  (Rudyard  Kipling) ;  Song  and  Silence, 
with  horn  obligato,  and  many  other  songs. 
Quintet  in  C,  op.  22,  pf.  and  strings ;  Suite, 
viohn  and  pf. ;  Suite,  Voices  of  the  Sea, 
pf.,  etc.,  etc. 

Cobb,  Richard,  English  composer  and 
organist  during  the  16th  and  17th  centuries. 
Was  organist  to  Charles  I.,  and  composed 
some  vocal  music.  "  Smiths  are  good  fel- 
lows," a  catch,  is  by  him. 

Cobb,  Richard  Barker,  baritone  vocalist, 
known  by  the  nom  de  theatre  of  Richard 
Temple,  made  his  debtit  in  opera  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  1872.  Toured  in  the  Gilbert  and  Sulli- 
van operas,  1879 ;  sang  at  the  Savoy  Theatre  in 
"  Princess  Ida  "  and  "  The  Mikado,"  1884-5  ; 
gave  performances  of  opera  in  Italian  at  the 
Gaiety  Theatre,  May,  1886,  himself  taking 
the  title-part  in  "  Rigoletto ;"  revived  Gou- 
nod's "  The  Mock  Doctor "  at  the  Grand 
.  Theatre,  London,  1890 ;  and  sang  at  the  GljTn- 
pic  Theatre,  under  Signer  Lago's  manage- 
ment, October,  1892.  He  turned  to  the  music 
halls  early  in  that  year,  and  appeared  at  the 
Trocadero ;  sang  again  in  the  concert-room, 
1893 ;  and  recited  in  Mendelssohn's  "  Athalie  " 
at  the  Queen's  Hall,  November  13,  1895. 

Cobbold,  William,  composer,  born  in 
Parish  of  St.  Andrew,  Norwich,  January  5, 
1559-60.  In  1599  he  became  organist  of  Nor- 
wich Cathedral,  but  in  1608  he  became  a 
singing  man,  while  the  post  of  organist  was 
held  by  W^m.  Inglott.  He  died  at  Beccles  in 
Sufiolk,  November  7,  16.39,  and  was  buried  in 
the  south  aisle  of  the  Parish  Church,  where  a 
stone  marks  his  grave. 

He  contributed  to  Este's  "  Whole  Book  of 
Psalms,"  1592,  and  wrote  the  madrigal,  "  With 
wreaths  of  rose  and  laurel "  in  the  "  Triumphs 
of  Oriana."  Some  of  his  works  remain  in 
MS.,  amd  an  anthem,  "  In  Bethlehem  town," 
appears  in  Clifford's  Services,  1663. 


COLBORNE. 

Cochran,  John,  musician,  who  issued  "A 
Selection  of  Psalm  and  H}Tnn  Tunes  .  .  .  with 
Anthems."     Dublin,  1811,  two  editions. 

Cock,  Arthur,  organist  and  composer  of 
the  16th  century.  He  was  organist  of  Exeter 
Cathedral,  and  in  1593  he  graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxford. 

Cogan,  Philip,  composer,  organist,  and 
pianist,  born  at  Cork  in  1750 [Doncaster  1757  ?]. 
Chorister  and  choirman  of  Cathedral  of  St. 
Finn  Barre,  Cork.  Stipendiary  of  Christ 
Church,  Dublin,  1772.     He  died  in  1834. 

WoBKS. — Anthems,  various  ;  Six  sonatas 
foi:  pf.  and  violin,  op.  2,  1788;  Sonatas  for  pf., 
op.  4  ;  Concerto  in  E  flat  for  2  violins,  viola, 
'cello,  2  flutes,  and  2  horns,  op.  6,  1792  ;  Son- 
atas for  pf.  (Clementi),  op.  8  ;  Harpsichord 
Lessons  ;  Songs. 

Coggins,  Joseph,  composer  and  pianist, 
was  born  in  1780.  He  studied  under  J.  W. 
Callcott.  Teacher  of  pf.  in  London,  where  he 
died,  in  first  half  of  present  century. 

WoEKS. — The  Musical  Assistant,  containing 
all  that  is  truly  useful  to  the  theory  and  prac- 
tice of  the  pianoforte,  London,  1815  ;  Com- 
panion to  the  Musical  Assistant,  containing 
all  that  is  truly  useful  to  the  theory  and 
practice  of  the  pianoforte,  also  a  complete 
dictionary,  London,  8vo,  1824 ;  Admired 
Hymns ....  adapted  for  the  use  of  schools, 
2  parts  ;  Pf.  music,  fantasias,  etc.  ;  Songs  ; 
Complete  instructions  for  the  flute,  according 
to  Drouet's  system,  London,  1830. 

Coghlan,  J.  P.,  author  of  "  An  essay  on 
the  Church  plain-chant,"  London,  1782. 

Colbeck,  William  Robert,  organist  and 
conductor,  horn  at  Bebington,  Cheshire,  1852. 
Studied  under  Dr.  French  Flowers,  and  F. 
W.  Hird.  Began  his  career  as  an  organist 
at  the  age  of  eleven,  at  Gamston  Parish 
Church,  Notts.  ;  afterwards  appointed  to  St. 
Peter's,  IMorley,  Leeds  ;  St.  ]\Iathias,  Burley, 
Leeds,  1869 ;  and,  in  1876,  to  the  Parish 
Church,  Folkestone.  Later  in  that  year  (1876), 
he  left  for  British  Guiana,  being  appointed  to 
St.  Philip's,  Georgetown.  This  appointment 
he  still  holds,  together  with  that  of  organist 
of  the  Town  Hall,  from  its  opening  in  1891. . 
His  organ  recitals  are  popular,  and  an  im- 
portant feature  in  the  season's  music.  He 
was  conductor  for  twelve  years  of  the  Musical 
Society,  now  defunct ;  and  is  president  and 
conductor  of  the  recently  formed  Orchestral 
Society.  He  composed  a  march  for  the  open- 
ing of  the  Tovm  Hall  organ,  Georgetown  (1891); 
and  has  published  some  pf.  pieces,  and  songs 
(including  a  prize  song  in  Cassell's  Magazine, 
1884). 

Colborne,  Langdon,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Hackney,  London,  September 
15, 1837.  Studied  under  George  Cooper.  Or- 
ganist of  St.  Michael's  College,  Tenbury,  1860. 
Mus.  Bac,  Cantab.,  1864.   Mus.  Doc,  Cantuar, 


96 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGliAPHY. 


COLE. 

1883.  Organist  of  Beverley  Minster,  1874; 
Wigan  Parish  Church,  1875;  Dorking  Parish 
Church.  1877  ;  Hereford  Cathedral,  1877.  He 
died  at  Hereford,  September  16,  1889. 

Works. — Samuel,  oratorio,  Hereford,  1889 ; 
Complete  Service  in  C;  Magnificat  and  Nunc 
Dimittis  in  D,  A,  and  B  flat;  Te  Deum  and 
Benedictus  in  E  flat.  Anthems — I  will  lay 
me  down  ;  O  Lord,  our  Governor ;  Out  of  the 
deep  ;  Ponder  my  words,  O  Lord  ;  Rend  your 
hearts,  rart-songs :  If  slumber  sweet,  Lisena ; 
The  Siesta  ;  The  bright-hair'd  morn  is  glow- 
ing ;  Songs,  etc. 

Cole,  Blanche,  see  sub.  Naylok,  Sidney. 

Cole,  Charlotte,  and  Susanna,  vocalists, 
formerly  known  in  the  musical  world  as  the 
Misses  Cole,  were  born  at  Tarrington,  Hereford- 
shire. Their  father  came  of  a  musical  family, 
and  was  for  many  years  organist  of  the  parish 
church,  choir  trainer,  and  teacher  of  music. 
The  children,  from  their  infancy,  were  broiight 
up  in  a  musical  atmosphere,  and  were  familiar 
with  the  works  of  the  great  masters.  At  the 
R.A.JL  they  studied  under  Manuel  Garcia, 
and  both  were  elected  Associates  of  that 
Institution.  Charlotte,  the  elder,  a  soprano, 
was  a  leading  member  of  the  students'  choir 
in  Hanover  Chapel,  Regent  Street ;  and  of  the 
semi-chorus  of  the  Concerts  of  Ancient  ^lusic. 
She  .sang  in  the  double  quartet  in  "  Elijah  " 
at  the  Hereford  Festival  of  1849,  and  Mr.  J. 
W.  Davison  at  that  time  hearing  the  sisters 
sing  ]\Iendelssohn's  two-part  songs,  advised 
them  to  appear  in  London  as  duet  singers. 
Their  deMit  took  place  at  Exeter  Hall,  in  the 
Wednesday  Concerts,  November  14,  1849 ; 
and  for  years  afterwards  they  were  in  great 
request,  succeeding  the  Misses  Williams  in 
public  favour.  They  sang  at  the  Crystal  Pal- 
ace in  1855,  and  at  the  principal  London  and 
provincial  concerts.  In  1853  Charlotte  Cole 
married  i\Ir.  Alfred  Gilbert  (q-v.),  and 
after  singing  at  his  concerts  for  some  years, 
devoted  her  attention  chieflj'  to  teaching 
singing.  She  is  an  Associate  of  the  Philhar- 
monic Society,  and  the  composer  of  some 
tasteful  songs,  etc.  Susanna,  whose  voice  was 
a  mezzo-soprano  of  beautiful  quality,  contin- 
ued to  sing  both  in  opera  and  concerts ;  but 
she  also  married,  and  now  is  engaged  in  teach- 
ing singing,  both  for  the  stage  and  concert 
room. 

Cole,  James  Parry,  composer  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Tarrington,  Herefordshire, 
brother  of  the  foregoing.  While  a  child  he 
was  taught  the  violin  by  his  father,  and  at  the 
age  of  eight  became  a  chorister  of  Hereford 
Cathedral,  and  pupil  of  G.  Townshend  Smith. 
When  fifteen  he  entered  the  R.A.M.,  studying 
under  Charles  Lucas,  R.  Blagrove,  W.  Dorrell, 
and  G.  A.  Macfarren.  On  leaving  the  Acad- 
emy he  went  to  Arundel,  Sussex,  as  a  teacher 
of  music,  and  organist  of  the  parish  church. 


COLERIDGE. 

There  he  remained  five  years,  and  returning 
to  London,  he  has  occupied  various  posts  as 
organist,  musical  director,  and  teacher.  He 
has  composed  much,  chiefly  devoting  his 
attention  to  music  for  the  stage.  While  a 
chorister  he  composed  an  oratorio,  "Deborah 
and  Barak,"  as  well  as  some  church  services. 
Later  works  are — Cantata,  By  the  waters  of 
Babylon.  Operas  and  Operettas :  Vokin's 
Vengeance  (St.  George's  Hall,  1877)  ;  The 
Golden  Wedding  (1883);  All  for  nothing  (1883); 
Black  and  White  ;  a  Romance  of  the  Harem 
(1887)  ;  The  Black  Count  (1890;  ;  The  Pillow 
of  Roses ;  Hypatia  (Grand  opera  in  four  acts); 
Bunell's  Bride ;  Pas  Seul ;  Romance  and 
reality ;  The  Grecian  Dancer ;  Woman's 
Honour ;  V.  V. ;  Give  him  a  rest ;  The  deaf 
knight,  etc.  A  book  of  chamber  songs ;  songs, 
various  ;  pieces  for  pf.  and  violin,  pf.  pieces, 
etc.,  etc. 

Cole,  William,  musician,  who  was  born 
about  1764.  He  was  an  organist  and  teacher 
at  Colchester,  and  London.  He  died  at  Pim- 
lico,  London,  August  11,  1848. 

Works. — ]\Iorningand  evening  service,  with 
six  anthems  in  score,  n.d.  The  Psalmodist's 
Exercise,  or  a  set  of  psalm  tunes  and  anthems, 
all  entirely  new,  composed  for  the  use  of 
counti-y  choirs,  London,  n.d.  View  of  modern 
psalmody,  being  an  attempt  to  reform  the 
practice  of  singing  in  the  worship  of  God. 
Colchester,  1819. 

Cole,  William  Henry,  violinist  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Dudley,  April  7, 1847.  Studied 
under  Henry  Hayward  and  J.  T.  Carrodus. 
He  has  taken  a  leading  part  in  the  musical 
life  of  Glasgow  since  1868.  He  has  organised 
various  quartet  parties  and  bands,  which  have 
performed  in  Glasgow,  and  in  most  of  the 
Scottish  provincial  towns.  Mr.  Cole  is  well- 
known  as  a  teacher  of  the  violin. 

Coieire,  Richard,  English  clergjonan. 
Wrote  "  The  Antiquity  and  usefulness  of 
instrumental  musick  in  the  service  of  God, 
a  sermon  on  erecting  an  organ  at  Isleworth," 
London,  1738. 

Coleman,  Charles  (or  Colm.\n),  composer, 
who  was  born  about  the  beginning  of  the  17th 
century  [1600] .  He  was  a  member  of  the 
private  band  of  Charles  I.  Doc.  Mus.,  Cam- 
bridge, 1651.     He  died  at  London,  1664. 

Works. — The  Siege  of  Rhodes,  Davenant 
(with  Lawes,  Cook,  and  Hudson),  1657  ;  Musi- 
call  Ayres  and  Dialogues,  1652 ;  Musick's 
Recreation  on  the  Lyra-violl,  1656  ;  Select 
Avres,  1659 ;  The  Musical  Vocabulary  in 
Phillips'  New  World  of  Words,  1658. 

Coleman,  Edward,  brother  of  above,  was 
born  in  1633.  Ho  became  Gentleman  of  Chapel 
Royal,  and  died  at  Greenwich,  August  29, 
1669.     Wrote  songs  in  various  collections,  etc. 

Coleridge,  Arthur  Duke,  amateur  vocal- 
ist, lecturer,  and  translator,  was  born  on  Feb- 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


97 


COLES. 

ruary  1,  1830.  He  is  a  M.A.,  and  was  called 
to  the  bar  in  1860.  Clerk  of  the  Arraigns  for 
the  Midland  Circuit,  and  nephew  of  the  late 
Chief  Justice,  Lord  Coleridge.  In  the  days  of 
the  Amateur  Musical  Society,  under  Henry 
Leslie,  he  occasionally  sang  at  their  concerts, 
having  a  good  tenor  voice.  He  has  lectured 
in  various  places  upon  Bach,  Weber,  Spohr, 
and  Schumann ;  and  rendered  service  to 
musical  literature  by  his  translations  of  K.  von 
Hellborn's  "  Life  of  Schubert,"  London, 
Longmans,  1869,  2  vols.  ;  and  the  "  Life  of 
Moscheles,  with  selections  from  his  diaries 
and  correspondence,"  by  his  wife.  London  : 
Hurst  and  Blackett,  1873,  2  vols.  He  also 
contributed  articles  to  Grove's  "  Dictionary 
of  Music  and  Musicians." 

Coles,  Sydney  George  Randolph,  or- 
ganist and  composer,  born  at  Bristol,  1852, 
Chorister  at  St.  Paul's  Church,  Clifton,  and 
pupil  of  the  late  Alfred  Stone.  When  eighteen 
he  was  appointed  organist  of  St.  John's,  Broad 
Street,  Bristol.  In  1873  he  became  an  articled 
pupil  of,  and  assistant  to,  the  late  Dr.  W.  H. 
Monk.  F.C.O.,  1876;  Mus.  Bac,  Trin.  Coll., 
Toronto,  1887.  Resident  in  Eastbourne  since 
1881,  as  pianist,  teacher ;  and  was  organist  of 
the  Parish  Church  for  ten  years,  now  holding 
a  similar  office  at  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
and  being  also  organist  to  the  Hadrian  Lodge 
of  Freemasons,  No.  2,483,  W' hen  the  legality 
of  the  in  absentia  degrees  was  questioned,  Mr. 
Coles  strongly  upheld  the  bo7ia  fide  nature  of 
the  examinations.  This  subject  is  beyond  the 
scope  of  the  present  work,  and  readers  are 
referred  to  the  musical  press,  1890-93. 

WoHKS. — Psalm  23,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
organ  (performed  by  the  INIusical  Artists' 
Society,  R.A.M.,  1882) ;  Communion  Service  ; 
Offertory  Sentences ;  Carol,  The  Bellringers 
(Crj'stal  Palace  Sunday  School  Festival,  1895) ; 
an  Imperial  Hymn,  etc.  Triumphal  march 
for  orchestra ;  I\Iarch  and  Postlude,  organ ; 
pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

Collet,  Sophia  Dobson,  born  in  London, 
1822,  was  associated  with  Eliza  and  Sarah 
Flower  in  the  music  at  South  Place  Chapel, 
and  composed  some  of  the  music  still  in  use 
there.  She  died  at  Highbury  Park,  March 
27,  1894. 

Collett,  John,  instrumental  composer, 
who  flourished  during  the  middle  of  the  18th 
century.  He  composed  "  Six  Solos  for  the 
violin,  with  a  thorough  bass  for  ye  harpsi- 
chord, op.  1,"  London  [1770] ,  and  other 
instrumental  music. 

Collier,  Joel,  see  Bickxell,  John  L. 

Collins,  Isaac,  violinist,  born  in  1797 ; 
died  Noveniber  24, 1871.  Was  for  many  years 
principal  second  violin  in  the  Crystal  Palace 
Orchestra.  In  the  forties  he  gave  concerts  in 
London,  with  his  five  children,  of  whom  the 
best  known  were  George  Collins,  violonceDist, 


CONINGSBY. 

who  died  in  1869,  and  Viotti  CoUins,  violinist, 
who  is  still  actively  engaged  in  his  profession. 

Collinson,  Thomas  Henry,  organist  and 
conductor,  born  at  Alnwick,  April  24,  1858. 
Pupil  of  Dr.  Armes',  at  Durham  Cathedral, 
and  later,  deputy  organist  there.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1877.  Organist  of  St. 
Oswald's,  Durham  ;  and  in  1878,  appointed 
to  St.  Mary's  Cathedral,  Edinburgh.  From 
1883  he  has  been  conductor  of  the  Edinburgh 
Choral  Union.  At  the  Cathedral  he  has  dir- 
ected special  Oratorio  Services ;  and  has  given 
organ  performances  at  the  Edinburgh  Exhib- 
ition, 1886,  and  has  a  high  reputation  as  an 
executant.  He  is  Church  Music  lecturer  to 
the  Episcopal  Theological  College.  Of  his 
compositions  only  some  anthems  are  published. 

Collisson,  W.  A.  Houston,  pianist 
and  composer,  resident  in  Dublin.  His  play- 
ing attracted  attention  about  1884,  and  he 
began  giving  Saturday  Popular  Concerts  in 
1885,  in  the  Leinster  Hall,  Dublin ;  and  in 
May,  1887,  started  a  series  of  Saturday  Even- 
ing Concerts  in  St.  James's  HaU,  London. 
He  was  appointed  organist  of  the  Parish 
Church,  Rathfarnham,  1885 ;  and  to  Holy 
Trinity,  Rathmines,  Dublin,  1886.  He  grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac.  [1885?];  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin, 
1890.  Of  his  compositions  two  comic  operas 
have  been  produced  :  The  Knight  of  the  Road, 
Dublin,  1891 ;  and  Strongbow,  Dublin,  1892. 

Colville,  David,  musician,  born  at  Camp- 
beltown, January  15,  1829.  He  published 
"  Graduated  course  of  elementary  instruction 
in  singing,  on  the  letter-note  method,  in 
twenty-six  lessons,  with  hints  on  self-instruc- 
tion, etc."  (with  George  Bentley),  1864  ;  Col- 
lections of  Part-songs,  under  the  title  of 
"  Choral  Harmony,"  "  Amphion,"  etc. 

Comon,  or  Cormac  Dall,  Irish  harper, 
story-teller,  and  vocalist,  was  born  at  Wood- 
stock, Mayo,  May,  1703.  He  lived  an  itine- 
rant life,  and  was  famous  as  a  composer  of 
songs  and  elegies.  He  died  about  the  end  of 
the  18th  century,  or  at  least  after  1786,  at 
which  date  he  was  alive. 

Compton,  Mrs.  A.,  see  Geay,  Louisa, 

Condell,  Henry,  violinist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  the  latter  part  of  the  18th  cen- 
tury. He  was'  a  violinist  at  Drury  Lane  and 
Covent  Garden  Theatres.  Gained  prize  at 
Catch  Club  with  glee,  "  Loud  blowo  the 
wyndes,"  1811.  He  died  at  Battcrsea,  Lon- 
don, June,  1824. 

Works. — Enchanted  Island,  ballet,  1804  ; 
Who  wins  ?  or  The  Widow's  choice,  farce, 
1808;  Transformation,  farce,  1810;  Farmer's 
wife,  1814 ;  Glees ;  Songs,  etc. 

Congreve,  Benjamin,  composer,  was  born 
in  1836,  and  died  at  London  on  March  23, 
1871.     He  composed  part-songs  and  songs. 

Coningsby,  George,  clergjTnan.  Author 
of    "  A   Sermon   preached   at  the  Cathedral 

a 


98 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CONRAN. 

Church  of  Hereford,  at  the  anniversary  meet- 
ing of  the  Three  Choirs,  September  6,  1732, 
Church  INIusick  vindicated,"  Oxford,  1733. 

Conran,  D.,  Irish  writer,  author  of 
"  Musical  Research,  or  General  System  of 
Modulation,"  Dublin,  1840. 

Conran,  Michael,  probably  a  relative  of 
the  above.  Organist  of  St.  Patrick's  Church, 
Manchester.  Author  of  "The  National  Music 
of  Ireland  ;  containing  the  History  of  the 
Irish  bards,  the  national  melodies,  the  harp, 
etc.,"  Dublin,  1846 ;  London,  1850.  Collection 
of  admired  Hymns  and  Gregorian  Chants, 
with  English  words  ;  n.d. 

Cook,  Aynsley,  bass  vocalist,  born  near 
Newcastle-on-Tyne,  1836  (?).  Was  a  chorister 
at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  Through  the  gen- 
erosity of  the  Marquis  of  Anglesey  he  studied 
in  Germany,  and  thei'emadehisrfefejt^  in  opera. 
He  sang  at  Drury  Lane  about  1854,  but  his 
name  is  not  noticed.  Later  he  joined  the 
Pyne  and  Harrison  Company ;  but  he  reached 
the  full  measure  of  his  popularity  as  a  member 
of  the  Carl  Rosa  Company,  from  1875  to  the 
end  of  his  career.  His  repertory  was  extensive, 
but  his  Devilshoof  in  the  "BcJhemian  Girl" — 
an  elaboration  of  his  own  in  the  last  act — was 
his  favourite  character  with  the  public.  His 
last  appearance  in  opera  wtis  at  Liverpool, 
February  2,  1894,  and  he  died  just  a  fortnight 
later.  His  wife,  nee  Payne,  was  a  contralto 
singer,  and  a  member  of  the  Pyne  and  Harri- 
son, and  Carl  Rosa  Companies.  She  also  sang 
on  tour  with  Mr.  Sims  Reeves  in  "The  Water- 
man," etc.  Alice  Aynsley  Cook,  his 
daughter,  has  sung  in  the  provinces  in  the 
Gilbert  and  Sullivan  operas,  burlesques,  etc. 

Cook,  Mrs.  Dutton,  see  Scates,  Linda. 

Cook,  Richard,  musician  of  early  part  of 
the  present  century.  Issued  "  Kentish 
Psalmodist's  Companion,"  London,  n.d. 

Cooke,  Benjamin,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  at  London  in  1734.  He  studied 
under  Pepusch,  and  became  deputy-organist 
at  Westminster  Abbey  in  1746.  Conductor  of 
Academy  of  Ancient  Music,  1752-1789.  Master 
of  the  boys  at  Westminster  Abbey,  1757.  Lay- 
clerk,  do.,  1758.  FuU  organist,  Westminster, 
1762,  succeeding  John  Robinson.  Doc.  Mus., 
Cantab.,  1775.  Organist  of  St.  Martin-in-the- 
Fields,  1782,  Sub-director  at  Handel  Com- 
memoration, 1784.  He  died  at  Westminster, 
London,  Sept. 14, 1793.  Buried  in  West  Cloister 
of  Westminster  Abbey. 

Works. — Ode  on  Handel,  for  8  voices. 
Glees  :  Collection  of  twenty  glees,  catches  and 
canons,  for  3,  4,  5  and  6  voices,  in  score,  Lon- 
don, 1775 ;  As  now  the  shades ;  Ere  the  beams 
of  morning  break  ;  Farewell ;  Hand  in  hand  ; 
Hark,  the  lark  ;  How  sleep  the  brave  ;  In  the 
merry  month  of  May ;  I've  been  young,  though 
now  grown  old  ;  Now  the  bright  morning  star, 
day's  harbinger ;  Let  Rubinelli  charm  the  ear, 


COOKE. 

duet ;  Thrysis,  when  he  left  me,  duet ;  The 
Dormouse,  glee  ;  Beneath  in  the  dust.  Nine 
glees  and  two  duets,  op.  9  [1795] .  Ode  on  the 
Passions  (Collins),  1784,  etc.  Concertos  for 
combinations  of  various  instruments.  Organ 
and  harpsichord  music.  Anthems  and  Church 
Services.  ^lorning  and  Evening  Service  in  G. 
Songs,  etc. 

"  Dr.  Cooke's  glees  are  numerous,  and  of 
great  beauty.  They  are  remarkable  for  natural 
and  graceful  ease  of  melody,  great  simplicity 
and  yet  much  art  in  the  disposition  of  parts, 
and  fine  expression." — Hogarth.  A  number 
of  them  are  still  in  use  among  our  singing 
societies ;  "  Hark,  the  lark,"  being  one  of 
those  perennial  favourites  of  which  the  Eng- 
lish school  furnishes  not  a  few  examples. 

Cooke,  Henry,  composer  and  teacher, 
born  at  the  beginning  of  the  17th  century. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Chapel  Royal,  and 
obtained  a  captain's  commission  during  the 
Civil  War,  1642.  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal 
and  Master  of  Children,  1660.  Composer  to 
the  King,  1664.  He  died  July  13,  1672. 
Buried  in  East  Cloister,  Westminster  Abbey. 

Works. — Anthems  and  Services  preserved 
(MS.)  in  the  Collection  formed  by  Dr.  Al- 
drich  in  Christ  Church,  Oxford.  Madrigals, 
songs,  etc. 

Cooke  was  the  teacher  of  Blow,  Wise,  Pur- 
cell,  and  Humfrey,  and  for  that  alone  is 
entitled  to  some  little  credit  and  esteem. 

Cooke,  John  P.,  composer  and  conductor, 
was  born  at  Chester,  October  31,  1820.  He 
went  to  America,  and  became  conductor  of 
various  theatre  orchestras  in  New  York.  He 
died  at  New  York,  November  4,  1865.  Com- 
posed music  to  Shakespeare's  Plays,  Songs,  etc. 

Cooke,  Miss,  see  Waylett,  Mrs. 

Cooke,  Nathaniel,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Bosham,  near  Chichester,  1773.  He 
studied  under  his  uncle,  Matthew  Cooke,  of 
London  (organist).  Organist  of  the  Parish 
Church  of  Brighton.  He  died  sometime  after 
1820. 

Works. — Collection  of  Psahns  and  Hymns 
sung  at  Brighthehnston,  with  several  Canons, 
and  a  Te  Deum,  arranged  for  the  Organ  or 
Pianoforte,  n.d.  Glees  and  Songs.  Pianoforte 
Music. 

Cooke  was  a  good  organist,  and  composed 
the  canon,  "  I  have  set  God  always  before  me." 

Cooke,  Robert,  organist  and  composer, 
was  a  son  of  Benjamin  Cooke,  born  in  1768. 
He  studied  under  his  father,  and  succeeded 
him  as  organist  of  St.  Martin-in-the-Fields, 
1798.  Organist  and  choir-master  at  West- 
minster Abbey,  1802.  Drowned  in  Thames, 
August  13,  1814.  Buried  in  West  Cloister  of 
Westminster  Abbey. 

Works. — Evening  Service  in  C ;  Magnificat 
and  Nunc  Dimittis  in  C.  Anthems.  Glees  : 
In  the  rose's  fragrant  shade ;  Love  and  foUy 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


99 


COOKE. 

■were  at  play ;  Mark,  where  the  silver  queen 
of  night ;  Queen  of  the  sea  ;  Round  thy  pillow ; 
Sweet  warbling  bird;  Why  o'er  the  verdant 
Tianks.  Collection  of  Eight  Glees  (Clementi) 
[1805] .     Songs,  etc. 

Cooke,  Thomas  Simpson,  vocalist  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Dublin  in  1782.  He 
studied  under  his  father  and  Giordani.  In 
1803  he  acted  as  conductor  of  a  theatre  in 
Dublin,  and  made  his  debut  as  a  vocalist  in 
.Storace's  "Siege  of  Belgrade."  In  1813  he 
appeared  in  London,  and  in  the  same  year 
was  appointed  conductor  and  vocalist  at  Drury 
Lane  Theatre.  He  married  Miss  Howell. 
Member  of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Music, 
Philharmonic  Society,  Noblemans'  Catch 
Club,  Glee  Club,  etc.  He  died  at  London, 
February  26,  1848. 

Works. — Music  to  Plays :  The  Count  of 
Anjou;  A  Tale  of  the  Times,  1822;  The  Wager 
1825 ;  Oberon,  or  the  Charmed  Horn,  1826 
Malvina,  1826 ;  The  Bov  of  SantiDane,  1827 
The  Brigand,  1829 ;  Peter  the  Great,  1829 
The  Dragon's  Gift,  1830;  The  Ice  Witch. 
1831 ;  Hyder  Ali,  1831 ;  St.  Patrick's  Eve, 
1832  ;  King  Arthur,  1835 ;  The  King's  Proxy ; 
Frederick  the  Great ;  The  Five  Lovers ; 
Numerous  Farces.  Adaptations  of  Foreign 
Operas.  Mass  in  A  minor.  Glees  :  Six  Glees 
for  3  and  4  voices,  London,  1844 ;  Come 
Spiritsof  Air;  Fill  me,  boy,  as  deep  a  draught ; 
Strike,  strike  the  lyre  ;  Away  \vith  gloom  and 
care  ;  0  strike  the  harp  ;  Take  thou  this  cup. 
Duets :  Love  and  War ;  Army  and  Na\-y ; 
Songs.  Singing  Exemplified  in  a  Series  of 
Solfeggi  and  exercises,  progressively  arranged, 
London,  n.d. ;  Singing  in  parts,  containing 
progressive  instructions,  extracts,  exercises, 
and  original  compositions,  London,  n.d. 
[c.  1842] ,  etc. 

Cooke,  Henry  Angelo  Michael.  Grat- 
TAX  CooKE,  eldest  son  of  the  above,  born  in 
London  in  1800.  He  studied  at  the  R.A.M., 
1822-28,  of  which  he  became  a  professor.  In 
1837  he  married  IMiss  Kiallmark.  He  was 
band-master  of  the  2nd  life  guards  1849-56. 
In  1845  he  appeared  at  the  Hanover  Square 
Rooms  as  a  tenor  singer,  and  took  part  in  a 
glee  at  the  Norwich  Festival  that  year.  He 
lived  for  nearly  twenty  years  in  retirement  at 
Harting,  Sussex,  and  died  there  September  12, 
1889.  He  composed  a  number  of  operettas 
and  songs,  and  was  a  fine  oboe  player.  Author 
of  "  Statement  of  facts  and  correspondence 
between  the  Directors  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society  and  Mr.  Grattan  Cooke,"  London 
[1850] . 

Coombe,  William  Francis,  organist  and 
composer,  was  born  at  PljTnouth,  1786.  He 
studied  under  his  father  (a  singing  master) 
and  W.  Jackson  of  Exeter.  Organist  at  Chard, 
Somerset,  1800;  Totnes,  Devon,  1802-11; 
and  Chelmsford,  1811-22.     He  probably  died 


COOPER. 

at  Chelmsford  about  1850.  He  composed  a 
few  pianoforte  sonatas,  and  other  works. 

Coombs,  James  Morris,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Salisbury,  1769.  Chorister 
at  Salisbury  Cathedral,  1776-1784.  He  studied 
under  Dr.  Stephens  and  Parry.  Organist  at 
Chippenham,  Wilts.,  1789  to  1820.  He  died 
at  Chippenham,  on  March  7,  1820. 

Works. — Set  of  Canzonets  ;  Te  Deums  ; 
Divine  amusement  for  churches,  families,  etc., 
being  hymns,  anthems  and  other  sacred  pieces, 
psahns,  etc.,  from  the  works  of  Marcello, 
Handel,  Haydn,  Mason,  etc.,  etc.  ;  Glees  and 
songs. 

William  Coombs,  who  flourished  at  Bristol 
in  the  latter  part  of  last  century,  composed 
the  psalm  tune  "  Oxford,"  which  is  sometimes 
attributed  to  James  Morris  Coombs. 

Cooney,  Edward,  organist  and  teacher. 
Educated  at  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1885 ;  Mus.  Doc,  1887, 
Dublin.  Organist,  Parish  Church,  BalljTnena ; 
teacher  of  pf.  and  singing  in  Coleraine  Aca- 
demic Institute.  University  Exercises : 
(Bac.)  Psalm  145;  (Doc.)  Psalm  1.39,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra.  He  has  published 
Church  Services  and  Anthems ;  Songs  and 
part-songs. 

Cooper,  Alexander  Samuel,  organist 
and  composer,  born  in  London,  April  30,  1835. 
F.R.C.O.  Organist  of  St.  John's,  Putney,  to 
1866;  St.  Pa\il's,Covent  Garden,  later.  Award- 
ed a  prize  by  the  Ely  Diocesan  Church  Music 
Society  for  a  setting  of  the  Nicene  Creed, 
1869.  Composer  of  anthems,  music  for  Holy 
Communion,  chants,  hjinn  tunes,  songs,  and 
part-songs.  Editor  of  "Parochial  Psalter," 
and  "  Parochial  Chant  Book,"  both  of  which 
have  passed  through  several  editions. 

Cooper,  George,  composer  and  organist, 
born  Lambeth,  London,  July  7,  1820.  Suc- 
cessively organist  of  St.  Benet's,  Paul's  Wharf ; 
St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  1836 ;  St.  Sepulchre, 
1843  ;  Christ's  Hospital,  and  the  Chapel  Royal, 
all  in  London.  He  was  also  assistant  organist 
for  a  time  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  He  died, 
London,  October  2,  1876. 

Works. — The  Organist's  Assistant,  a  series 
of  arrangements  .  .  .  London  (Novello).  Or- 
ganist's Manual  .  .  .  select  movements  from 
the  most  eminent  composers,  London  (Nov- 
ello). Organ  Arrangements,  London.  Part- 
songs,  songs,  etc. 

His  father,  George  Cooper,  who  died  in 
London,  in  1843,  was  an  organist  of  repute. 
He  was  assistant  organist  of  St.  Paul's  Cathe- 
dral, and  organist  of  St.  Sepulchre's  until  hia 
death,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  his  son. 

Cooper,  Henry  Christopher,  violinist, 
was  born  at  Bath  in  1819.  Studied  violin 
under  Spagnoletti.  Appeared  as  solo  violinist 
at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  1830.  Principal  vio- 
linist at  Royal  Italian   Opera.      Leader  at 


100 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


COOPER. 

Philharmonic  Society.  Violinist  at  Provincial 
Festivals.  Conductor  at  various  theatres. 
Latterly  conductor  at  the  Gaiety  Theatre, 
Glasgow.  He  died  at  Glasgow,  January  26, 
1881.  He  was  one  of  the  foremost  of  the 
English  school  of  violinists,  and  at  one  time 
weU  known  in  London.  He  was  married  to 
Madame  Tonnellier,  the  vocalist. 

Cooper,  Isaac,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  Banff  about  1755.  He  was  a  teacher 
of  music  and  dancing  in  Banff,  and  died  there 
about  1820. 

Works. — Thirty  new  Strathspey  Reels  for 
the  violin  or  harpsichord,  Banff,  1780.  Col- 
lection of  Slow  airs.  Strathspeys,  Reels,  and 
Jigs,  1806.  New  Instructions  for  the  harpsi- 
chord or  pianoforte,  Banff,  1785. 

Cooper,  Rev.  James,  clergyman  and 
■writer,  author  of  "  IMusicae  Sacrae,  being  Se- 
lections from  Bowdler,  Hebcr,  etc.,  set  to 
music,  to  which  is  prefixed  an  Essa}'  on 
Church  Music."     Loudon,  1800. 

Cooper,  John,  called  also  Coperaeio, 
composer  and  viol-da-gamba  player,  was  born 
in  latter  part  of  the  16th  century.  He  was 
music-master  to  the  children  of  James  I.,  and 
master  of  Henry  and  William  Lawes.  He 
died  early  in  the  17th  century. 

Works. — Funeral  Tears  for  the  death  of 
the  Right  Honourable  the  Earle  of  Devon- 
shire, figured  in  scaven  songs,  whereof  sixe 
are  soe  set  forth  that  the  words  may  be 
expressed  by  a  Treble  voyce  alone  to  the  Lute 
and  Base  Yoil,  or  else  that  the  meane  part 
may  be  added,  if  any  shall  affect  more  fuluesse 
of  Parts,  etc.,  1606.  Songs  of  ]Mourning,  be- 
wailing the  untimely  death  of  Prince  Henry, 
London,  folio,  1613 ;  Music  in  Leighton's 
"  Teares" ;  Music  to  Masque  by  Dr.  Campion ; 
Songs  and  Fancies,  etc. 

Cooper,  John  Wilbye,  tenor  vocalist  and 
author.  He  sang  at  the  first  Leeds  Festival, 
in  1858,  and  at  the  Worcester  Festival  of 
1863.  In  the  concert  room  he  was  a  favourite 
for  a  good  many  years.  He  retired  for  some 
time  before  his  death,  in  London,  March  19, 
1885.  Author  of  "The  Voice,  the  Music  of 
Language,  and  the  Soul  of  Song,"  London, 
1874.     Editor  of  "  Cramer's  Vocal  School." 

Cooper,  Joseph  Thomas,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  London,  May  25,  1819. 
He  was  a  pupil  of  Henry  Holmes  and  IMos- 
cheles.  Organist  of  Christ  Church,  Newgate 
Street.  Organist  of  Christ's  Hospital.  He 
was  an  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic  Society, 
Member  of  the  Society  of  British  Musicians, 
and  Fellow  of  the  Roj'al  Astronomical  Society. 
He  died  at  London,  November  17,  1879. 

Works. — Orchestral  music  in  MS.  Songs, 
Part-songs,  Sacred  music,  Organ  music,  etc. 

Cooper  or  Cowper,  Robert,  musician 
and  i^riest  of  the  15th  century.  He  was  a 
Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  and  in  1504  proceeded 


CORBETT. 

to  the  degree  of  Mus.  Doc.  He  composed 
songs  and  other  secular  music,  and  is  men- 
tioned in  Morley's  Catalogue  of  Musicians. 

Coote,  Charles,  composer  and  band- 
master, born  1809 ;  died  London,  March  6,. 
1880.  Composer  of  a  large  number  of  waltzes, 
galops,  polkas,  etc.,  chiefly  based  on  popular 
airs. 

H  is  son  Charles  is  a  bandmaster  and  com- 
poser of  popular  dance  music. 

Cope,  Samuel,  bandmaster,  son  of  a  band- 
master in  the  West  of  England.  As  a  boy  he 
sang  in  a  Church  choir,  and  played  in  a  drum 
and  fife  band,  afterwards  taking  to  the  cornet^ 
on  which  he  became  a  proficient  performer. 
After  holding  various  appointments  he  was- 
offered,  and  accepted,  in  1888,  the  conduc- 
torship  of  the  Queen's  Park  (West  London) 
Military  Band,  a  position  he  still  holds.  He 
founded  the  magazine.  The  British  Bandsman 
(the  title  has  since  been  changed  to  The 
Orchestral  Times  and  British  Musician), 
which  he  edited  for  some  years.  He  was  also 
editor  of  the  Champion  Journal,  the  pioneer 
of  popular  band  journal  music,  founded  at 
Hull,  by  the  late  Richard  Smith,  in  1853 ; 
and  has  composed  a  large  number  of  pieces^ 
of  which  only  a  few  have  been  published. 

Copland,  Charles,  baritone  vocalist,  born 
at  Brightlingsea,  Essex,  August  20, 1861.  Son. 
of  a  distinguished  London  physician.  Studied 
under  F.  Walker,  at  the  Guildhall  School, 
and  R.A.M.  Evill  prizeholder,  1885.  Later, 
he  studied  abroad,  and  took  lessons  from  the 
late  Eugene  Oudin.  During  his  student  days,, 
he  sang  in  London  occasionally,  1884-5  ;  and 
in  Otto  Booth's  operetta,  "Traveller's  Rest,"' 
1887,  gave  the  first  evidence  of  his  histrionic 
talent.  He  appeared  at  the  Promenade  Con- 
certs, Her  Majesty's  Theatre,  1887,  and  also 
at  Covent  Garden  Theatre.  In  the  South  of 
France,  1887-8,  he  sang,  by  request,  to  the 
late  Dom  Pedro,  Emperor  of  Brazil.  He  was 
engaged  to  play  Isaac  of  York,  in  "  Ivanhoe,"' 
at  its  production,  January  31,  1891,  a  part  he 
sustained  through  the  run  of  the  opera.  In 
December,  1894,  he  created  the  part  of  the 
Broom-maker,  in  "Hansel  and  Gretel,"  when 
produced  at  Daly's  Theatre.  He  has  also 
appeared,  with  success,  at  the  principal  Con- 
certs, Royal  Albert  Hall,  etc. 

Corbett,  Felix,  organist  and  conductor, 
born  at  Cinderford, Forest  of  Dean,  Gloucester- 
shire, July  3,  1861.  Sou  of  J.  F.  Corbett,  a 
colliery  proprietor.  The  family  moving  to 
Birmingham,  he  studied  under  James  Stimp- 
son,  of  that  town.  In  1882  he  was  appointed 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  the  Parish  Church, 
Middlesbrough,  in  which  town  he  has  for 
some  years  given  a  series  of  excellent  concerts, 
and  has  played  at  Harrison's  Concerts,  Bir- 
mingham and  elsewhere.  He  is  the  composer 
of  a  number  of  songs  ;  of  which  one  entitled 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


101 


CORBETT. 

"Butterflies"  (Algernon  Swinburne),  has  en- 
joyed great  popularity. 

Corbett,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Wellington,  Shropshire,  January  29, 
1852.  Pupil  of  James  Stimpson  (Birmingham), 
and  of  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren  and  James  Coward. 
F.C.O.,  1871 ;  Mus.  Bac,  1873  ;  Mus.  Doc., 
1879,  Cambridge.  Organist  of  Christ  Church, 
Wellington,  1867;  St.  Mary's,  Bridgenorth, 
1875;  All  Saints',  Derby,  1886;  and  Holy 
Trinity,  Bournemouth,  from  1892.  Mr.  Cor- 
bett lost  his  sight  when  only  three  months 
■old,  but  he  has  trained  choirs,  conducted 
concerts,  and  frequently  played  from  memory 
the  whole  of  such  works  as  the  Messiah,  Israel, 
Elijah,  etc.  He  committed  to  memory  the 
score  of  Israel  in  Egypt  in  six  weeks,  for  his 
Mus.  D.  examination,  and  was  the  first  person 
so  situated  to  pass.  As  a  teacher  he  has  been 
eminently  successful.  His  compositions  are  : 
"  Bethany,"  a  cantata ;  Sonata  for  pf.  ; 
Evening  Service  in  F  ;  Anthem  ;  Songs,  and 
part-songs,  etc.  He  has  acted  as  press 
correspondent  for  the  Birmingham  and  other 
Festivals,  following  by  ear  every  note  in  a 
score. 

Corbett,  WiUiam,  composer  and  violinist, 
born  about  1669.  Member  of  King's  Band. 
Travelled  in  Italy,  Burney  says,  on  behalf  of 
the  English  Government,  who  paid  him  to 
watch  the  movements  of  the  Pretender. 
Returned  to  England,  1740,  where  he  died, 
in  1748.  He  collected  a  valuable  musical 
library. 

Works.- — Op.  1,  Sonata  for  two  violins  and 
bass,  London,  1705;  Op.  2,  Sonata  for  two 
flutes  and  bass,  London,  1706  ;  Op.  3,  Sonata 
for  two  flutes  and  bass,  London,  1707  ;  Op.  4, 
Six  Sonatas,  a  8°  for  two  flutes  or  two 
German  flutes  and  a  bass,  consisting  of  pre- 
ludes, allemands,  corants,  sarabands,  gavots, 
and  jiggs,  Book  1;  Six  Sonatas  for  two  violins 
and  thoro'-bass  for  the  spinet  or  harpsichord. 
Book  2,  London,  n.d.  ;  Six  Sonatas  for  two 
oboes  or  trumpets,  two  violins,  and  bass ; 
Concertos,  or  Universal  Biz;zarries,  composed 
on  all  the  new  Gustos  during  many  years' 
residence  in  Italy,  op.  5,  London,  1741  ; 
Twelve  Concertos  for  various  instruments ; 
Music  to  "Henry  IV.,"  1700;  Music  to 
"  Love  Betrayed,"  170.S ;  Songs  in  collec- 
tions, etc. 

Corder,  Frederick,  composer  and  con- 
ductor, born  in  London,  January  26,  1852. 
Though  he  showed  musical  talent  at  an  early 
age,  he  was  intended  for  a  business  career  ; 
and  it  was  not  until  1874  that  he  entered  the 
R.A.M.  as  a  student.  The  next  year  lie  gained 
the  ^Ictidelssobn  Scholarship,  and  studied 
four  yeai-s  with  Ferdinand  Hiller  at  Cologne. 
Soon  after  his  return  to  England  he  was  ap- 
pointed conductor  at  the  Brighton  Aquarium, 
June,  1880,  an  office  he  resigned,  September, 


CORFE. 

1882.  He  gave  many  important  works  during 
that  period,  and  greatly  improved  the  charac- 
ter of  the  concerts.  The  next  few  years  were 
given  up  to  musical  composition  and  literature. 
In  1890  he  was  appointed  orchestral  director 
at  Trinity  College,  London  ;  Curator  of  the 
R.A.M.  ;  and  conductor  of  the  Borough  of 
Hackney  Choral  Association.  In  1891  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  managing  committee, 
R.A.M.,  and  in  1892,  a  Fellow  of  the  Institu- 
tion. He  was  editor  of  The  Overture,  a 
monthly  paper  published  by  students  of  the 
R.A.M.,  1890-4  ;  and,  in  1896,  lectured  at  the 
Royal  Institution  on  Berlioz,  Wagner,  and 
Liszt.  His  contributions  to  the  press  have 
been  voluminous  and  important,  including 
elaborate  analyses  of  Wagner's  works,  and 
translations  of  "  Die  Meistersinger,"  and 
"  Der  Ring  des  Nibelungen,"  in  which  he  was 
assisted  by  his  accomplished  wife,  a  lady 
(born  Walford)  not  unknown  in  literary  and 
artistic  society. 

Works. — Operas  :  Morte  d' Arthur,  in  four 
acts  (1877-9) ;  Nordisa  (produced  by  Carl  Rosa, 
Liverpool,  January  26,  1887).  Operettas : 
Philomel  (1880)  ;  A  storm  in  a  tea-cup  (1880); 
The  Nabob's  Pickle  (Brighton,  September, 
1883) ;  The  Noble  Savage  (Brighton,  October, 
1885).  Cantatas:  The  Cyclops  (1880);  The 
Bridal  of  Triermain  (Wolverhampton  Festival, 
1886) ;  The  Sword  of  Argantyr  (Leeds  Festival, 
1889) ;  Dreamland,  ode  for  chorus  and  orches- 
tra ;  The  Minstrel's  Curse,  for  declamation 
and  orchestra ;  The  Blind  Girl  of  Castel, 
cantata,  female  voices  ;  Songs,  various.  For 
orchestra :  Evening  on  the  sea-shore,  Idyl 
(1876)  ;  Suite,  In  the  Black  Forest  (composed 
1876 ;  performed,  Crystal  Palace,  March  20, 
1880).  Overtures  :  Ossian  (Plailharmonic 
Society,  March,  1882)  ;  Prospero  (Crystal 
Palace,  October,  1885);  Nocturne  (1882, 
Brighton  Festival)  ;  Suite,  Scenes  from  the 
Tempest  1[1886) ;  Roimianian  Suite  (composed 
for,  and  produced  by  Philharmonic  Society, 
1887).  Roumanian  dances,  violin  and  pf. 
Literarij :  Exercises  in  Harmony  and  Counter- 
point (Forsyth,  1891)  ;  A  plain  and  easy 
introduction  to  Music,  or  the  new  Morley 
(Forsyth,  1893) ;  The  Orchestra,  and  how  to 
write  for  it  (Robert  Cocks,  1896)  ;  Ai-ticlcs  in 
Grove's  Dictionary  of  Music  and  IMusicians. 

Cordner,  William  John,  organist,  born 
at  Duncannon,  Wexford,  Ireland,  1826.  Went 
to  Australia  in  1854,  and  was  organist  at 
St.  Patrick's,  Sydney,  until  1856,  when  he 
was  appointed  to  St.  Mary's  R.  C.  Cathedral, 
an  office  he  hold  until  his  death,  July  15, 
1870.  He  was  held  in  much  estimation  as 
a  teacher. 

Corfe,  Joseph,  organist,  writer,  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Salisbury  in  1740.  Chorister 
at  Salisbury  Cathedral.  Gentleman  of  Chapel 
Royal,  1783.      Organist  and  choir-master  at 


102 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CORFE. 

Salisbury  Cathedral,  1792-1804.     He  died  at 
Salisbury,  September,  1820. 

Works. — A  Treatise  on  Singing,  explaining 
in  the  mo.st  simple  manner  all  the  Rules  for 
learning  to  Sing  by  Note  without  the  assist- 
ance of  an  Instrument,  with  some  Observa- 
tions on  Vocal  Music,  London,  fol.,  1791, 
another  ed.,  1801 ;  Thorough-bass  Simplified, 
London,  n.d.  Beauties  of  Handel,  being  154 
songs,  duetts,  and  trios  with  accompaniment 
for  pf.,  3  vols.,  n.d. ;  Beauties  of  Purcell, 
2  vols.,  n.d.  ;  First  Set  of  12  Glees,  n.d. ; 
Second  Set  of  12  Glees ;  Third  Set  of  12  Glees, 
in  score  for  3  and  4  voices,  from  melodies  of 
Sacchini,  Paisiello,  Haydn,  Pleyel,  Storace, 
etc.  Sacred  Music,  consisting  of  a  selection 
of  the  most  admired  pieces,  adapted  to  some 
of  the  choicest  music  of  Jomelli,  Pergolesi, 
Perez,  Martini,  Biretti,  etc.,  2  vols.,  Salisbury, 
n.d. ;  Three  Collections  of  Scottish  Songs ; 
Anthems ;  Nine  Vocal  Trios,  harmonized, 
London,  n.d. 

Corfe,  Arthur  Thomas,  composer,  or- 
ganist, and  writer,  son  of  above,  was  born  at 
Salisbury,  April  9,  1773.  Chorister  in  West- 
minster Abbey,  1782.  He  studied  under  Dr. 
Cooke  and  Clementi.  Organist  and  choir- 
master of  Salisbury  Cathedral,  1804.  He  died 
at  Salisbury,  January  28,  1863.  Buried  in 
Salisbury  Cathedral. 

Works. — Anthems ;  Church  Services  ;  Pf. 
music.  The  Principles  of  Harmony  and  Tho- 
rough-Bass  explained,  London,  n.d.  Songs; 
Glees,  etc.  Anthems  adapted  from  ^lozart,  etc. 
Corfe,  Charles  William,  organist  and 
composer,  son  of  the  above,  born  at  Salisbury, 
July  13,  1814.  Studied  under  his  father,  etc. 
Organist  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Oxford, 
December,  1846.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  March, 
1847.  Conductor  of  the  Oxford  University 
Motett  and  Madrigal  Society,  1848.  Mus. 
Doc,  Oxon.,  June,  1852.  Choragus  of  the 
University  of  Oxford,  1860.  He  died  at  Ox- 
ford, December  16,  1883. 

Works. — ^\'^ocal  music,  as  songs,  part-.songs; 
Anthems. 

Corkine,  William,  lute  player  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  the  latter  part  of  the  16th 
century,  and  died  in  the  first  part  of  the  17th 
century. 

WoRKS.^ — Ayres  to  Sing  and  Play  to  the 
Lute  and  Basse  VioU,  with  Pavins,  Galliards, 
Almaines,  and  Corantos  for  the  Lyra  Violl, 
1610;  the  Second  Booke  of  Ayres,  some  to 
sing  and  play  to  the  Base  violl  alone,  etc.,  1612. 
Cornish,  William,  English  poet  and 
musician,  flourished  about  1500.  He  wrote  a 
"  Parable  between  Information  and  Musike," 
a  poem,  which  will  be  found  in  Hawkins. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Chapel  Royal  choir, 
and  died  1526.  His  compositions  exist  in 
MS.  His  son  William  was  also  a  composer. 
Cornwall,  Channon,    pianist  and  com- 


COSYN. 

poser,  born  at  Aberdeen,  in  1845.  He  waa 
organist  of  St.  John's  Episcopal  Church, 
Glasgow,  and  in  1880  he  became  accompanist 
to  the  Glasgow  Choral  Union.  Composer  of 
some  part-songs,  etc.  He  was  drowned  in  the 
Forth  and  Clyde  Canal,  Glasgow,  May  4, 1885. 
Corri,  Montague,  second  son  of  Dominica 
Corri  (Rome,  1746,  London,  1825),  was  born 
at  Edinburgh  in  1784.  He  studied  under  his- 
father.  Winter,  and  Steibelt,  and  became 
composer  to  the  Surrey  and  Astley's  Theatres, 
London.  In  1816-17  he  was  chorus-master 
to  the  English  Opera  House.  Afterwards,  he 
resided  successively  at  Edinburgh,  Newcastle, 
^Manchester,  and  Liverpool.  He  died  at 
London,  September  19,  1849.  His  brother, 
Haydn,  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  in  1785,  and 
resided  chiefly  in  Dublin  as  a  conductor  and 
teacher.  He  died  at  Dublin,  February  19, 
1860.  His  wife  (born  1800;  died  1867),  was 
an  operatic  singer.     His  sister,  Sophie  (bom 

at  Edinburgh,  1775;  died ?),  was  a  singer 

and  harp  player.  She  married  J.  L.  Dussek 
(1761-1812),  the  composer.  Fraxces,  or 
Faxxy  Cohri,  a  mezzo-soprano  vocalist,  was 
a  daughter  of  Dominico  Corri's  brother  Natale 
(1765-1822),  and  was  born  at  Edinburgh  in 
1801.  She  studied  under  her  father,  and 
Braham,  and  first  appeared  at  the  King's 
Theatre,  London.  Afterwards,  she  appeared 
in  Germany,  Italy,  Spain,  and  Russia,  and  in 
1821  she  married  Signor  Paltoni.  Her  sister 
Rosalie  (born  1803),  was  also  a  singer,  who 
appeared  in  London  from  1820.  Other  mem- 
bers of  this  musical  familj-  were  Eugene 
DcssEK  (1815 ;  February  4,  1870),  a  bass 
vocalist,  who  married  Annie  Thirlwali. 
(1830 ;  London,  October  19,  1881),  a  soprano 
singer;  Henry  (1822;  Philadelphia,  February 
28,  1888)  a  bass  singer,  son  of  Haydn  the 
elder;  Patrick  Anthony  (born  Dublin,  1820; 
died  Bradford,  June  1,  1876),  a  singer,  con- 
ductor, and  composer,  another  son  of  Haydn 
the  elder  ;  and  Haydn,  Junr.  (born  in  1842  ; 
died  December  19,  1877),  a  baritone  singer. 

Costeley,  William,  Scottish  comjioser, 
was  born  in  1531.  He  settled  in  France  as 
organist  to  Fienry  II.  and  Charles  IX.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  society  known  as  ' '  Puy 
de  musique  a  honneur  de  Ste.  Cecile."  He 
died  at  Evreux  in  1606.  His  works  consist  of 
songs  in  Le  Roy's  Collections  of  Chansons,  etc., 
and  a  treatise  entitled  "Musique,"  Paris,  1579. 
Cosyn,  Benjamin,  composer  for,  and  per- 
former on,  the  Virginals,  who  flourished  in 
first  part  of  17th  century.  He  wrote  music 
of  a  difficult  and  complicated  style  for  his 
instrument,  and  was  one  of  the  best  per- 
formers of  his  day. 

Cosyn,  John,  composer,  probably  a  rela- 
tion of  above.  Wrote  "  Musicke  of  six  and 
five  i^arts  made  upon  the  common  tunes  used 
in  singing  of  the  Psabns,"  1585. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


103 


COTES. 

Cotes,  Digby,  clergyman  and  writer, 
author  of  "  Music  a  rational  assistant  in  the 
duty  of  praise  when  united  with  charity,  a 
Sermon,"  1756. 

Cotterill,  Thomas,  musician  and  editor, 
published  "  Christian  Psalmody  for  congrega- 
tional or  family  use,  arranged  and  harmonized 
by  S.  Mather  and  other  professors  under  the 
direction  of  Thomas  Cotterill,"  London,  1831. 

Cottman,  Arthur,  amateur  composer, 
born  1842.  He  was  a  solicitor  by  profession, 
and  died  at  Ealing  on  June  3,  1879.  He 
published  "  Ten  Original  Tunes,"  1872,  among 
which  is  "  Caterham,"  a  hymn  tune  which 
has  been  used  in  various  Church  hymn-books. 

Couldery,  Claudius  Herbert,  composer 
and  pianist,  born  at  Lewisham,  Kent,  August 
17,  1842.  He  learnt  to  play  while  a  child, 
but  some  years  were  passed  in  business  pur- 
suits before  he  was  able  to  devote  himself  to 
the  art  of  music.  Then  he  entered  the  R.A.M., 
studying  harmony  under  Sir  John  Goss,  com- 
position with  Sir  W.  S.  Bennett,  etc.  A 
sacred  cantata,  "Christ's  entry  into  Jerusa- 
lem," was  performed  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  drew 
attention  to  the  composer's  ability.  His  chief 
works  are — Overture,  Richard  L,  performed 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  February  14,  1885 ; 
Overture,  To  the  memory  of  a  hero  (at  the 
same)  February  8,  1890 ;  Suite  in  C  minor,  a 
romance  from  which  has  been  given  in  many 
places  in  England  and  Scotland  ;  and  a  Cradle 
Song,  in  D  flat.  Crystal  Palace,  November  18, 
1893  ;  Suite  in  C,  composed  1893-5  ;  Andante 
religioso,  St.  Cecilia,  for  organ,  harp,  violin, 
and  orchestra.  Crystal  Palace,  November  2, 
1895.  Twelve  Reveries,  op.  15 ;  three  series 
of  studies,  pf.,  etc. 

Courteville,  Raphael,  musician,  who 
was  born  in  first  part  of  the  17th  centur)'. 
He  was  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal  in 
time  of  Charles  I.,  and  founder  of  the  Courte- 
ville family.     He  died  on  December  28,  1675. 

Courteville,  Raphael,  organist  and  com- 
poser, son  of  above,  was  born  in  the  latter 
part  of  17th  century.  Organist  of  St.  James' 
Church,  Westminster,  1691.  He  died  in  June, 
1772. 

Works. — Don  Quixote,  opera  by  D'Urfey 
(with  Purcell,  etc.),  1696  ;  Six  Sonatas  for  two 
violins ;  Sonatas  for  two  flutes,  1685 ;  Songs 
in  contemporary  collections;  "St.  James" 
psalm  tiine,  etc.  He  was  a  severe  political 
writer,  and  gained  the  nickname  of  Court-exnl. 
He  wrote  "  INIemoirs  of  Lord  Burleigh,"  1738, 
and  a  number  of  political  squibs. 

Courteville,  John,  English  song-writer 
of  the  17th  century,  son  of  Raphael,  the  elder. 
His  works  appear  in  the  "  Theater  of  Music," 
1685-87,  etc. 

Courtney,  Wililam,  tenor  vocalist,  born 
in  Monmouthshire.  Studied  under  F.  Bodda, 
Sidney  Naylor,  and  afterwards  with  Vannuc- 


COWARD. 

cini,  at  Florence.  Toured  with  Louisa  Pyne 
and  F.  Bodda;  sang  in  Cellier's  "Nell 
Gwyune,"  and  Sullivan's  "  Trial  by  Jury," 
when  first  produced ;  and  was,  for  a  short 
time,  a  member  of  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Com- 
pany. Subsequently  went  to  America,  singing 
first  at  Boston.  Settled  as  a  teacher,  in  New 
York,   removing  to  Denver,  Colorado,   1896. 

Cousins,  Charles,  musician  and  band- 
master, was  born  near  Portsmouth,  January 
2,  1830.  Educated  at  the  Royal  Hospital 
Schools,  Greenwich,  from  1841.  Assistant 
band-master  of  the  Royal  Caledoniaii  Asylum, 
1846.  Member  of  band  of  the  1st  Life  Guards, 
under  Mr.  James  Waddell.  Studied  at  Kneller 
Hall,  Hounslow,  for  a  band-mastership.  Band- 
master of  2nd  Dragoon  Guards,  October,  1863. 
Served  with  Guards  in  India,  1864-70.  Held 
appointment  till  1874.  Director  of  IMusic  at 
Kneller  Hall,  November  1,  1874.  He  died  in 
June,  1890. 

Coutts,  W.  Q.  Ithuriel.  Author  of 
"  Scottish  versjis  Classic  JMusic,  and  the  ethi- 
cal and  sesthetical  aspect  of  the  question," 
Edinburgh,  1877  (2  eds.). 

Coward,  Henry,  composer  and  conductor, 
born  in  Liverpool.  November  26,  1849,  but  a 
Yorkshireman  by  family  and  descent,  and 
resident  in  Sheffield  as  conductor  and  teacher. 
He  is  a  graduate  of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  College  ; 
Mus.  Bac,  1889;  Mus.  Doc,  1894,  Oxford. 
Lecturer  on  Music,  Firth  College  ;  Teacher  of 
Singing  at  the  Girls'  High  School,  Sheffield ; 
Conductor  of  the  IMusical  Union,  1880  ;  and 
Amateur  Instrumental  Society,  Sheffield,  1878. 
Chorus-master,  Sheffield  Festival,  1896.  Musi- 
cal critic,  for  the  provincial  and  Handel  Fes- 
tivals, to  the  Sheffield  Independent :  Conduc- 
tor of  the  festivals  of  the  Sheffield  Sunday 
School  Union,  etc. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Magna  Charta,  Shef- 
field, February,  1882  ;  Queen  Victoria,  1885  ; 
The  Story  of  Bethany,  1891;  The  King's 
Error  (Crystal  Palace,  Tonic  Sol-fa  Festival, 
July,  1894),  and  Heroes  of  Faith  (Sheffield, 
September,  1895).  The  Fairy  Mirror,  cantata 
for  ladies'  voices,  with  tableaux  vivants.  An- 
thems, Sunday  School  pieces.  Temperance 
choruses,  School  songs.  Hymn  tunes,  Glees, 
etc. 

Coward,  Hilda,  soprano  vocalist, daughter 
of  the  late  James  Coward.  Pupil  of  Madame 
Sainton-Dolby.  She  made  her  debut  at  a 
concert  given  by  W.  Lemarc,  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  Jlonda.y,  INIarch  6,  1882,  taking  part 
in  F.  Clay's  "Lalla  Rookh";  and  appeared 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  Satnrday  Concerts,  Oct- 
ober 27,  1883.  After  singing  in  various  pi'o- 
vincial  concerts,  she  was  engaged  for  the 
Hereford  Festival  of  1885,  singing  in  the  con- 
certed music  in  "  Elijah,"  and  Gounod's 
"  Redemption,"  and  with  great  success  at  the 
concluding  Chamber  concert.     Severe  illness 


104 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY 


COWARD. 

compelled  her  to  spend  the  winter  of  1887-8 
in  a  milder  climate,  and  her  public  appear- 
ances since  then  have  not  been  frequent. 

Coward,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  London,  January  25,  182-i.  Chorister 
in  Westminster  Abbey.  Organist  of  Crystal 
Palace,  1857-80.  He  died  at  London,  January 
22,  1880. 

Works. — Full  anthem,  "  0  Lord,  correct 
me."  Ten  glees,  for  4  and  5  voices,  Lon- 
don, 1857;  Ten  glees,  London,  1871.  Numerous 
dart-songs,  songs,  etc. 

His  brother,  William  (born  in  London, 
1826;  died  1873),  was  an  alto  singer  in  West- 
minster Abbey. 

Coward,  James  Munro,  composer  and 
performer  on  the  Mustel  organ,  understood  to 
be  connected  with  the  firm  of  Metzler  &  Co. 
Has  given  performances  at  the  South  Ken- 
sington Exhibition,  1885  (The  "Inventions,") 
Prince's  Hall,  and  other  places,  exhibiting 
much  skill  in  improvisation.  He  has  com- 
posed a  cantata,  "  The  Fishers,"  produced  at 
Portman  Hall,  April  9,  1889;  A  Jubilee  Hymn, 
for  chorus  and  military  band  (Crystal  Palace, 
1887) ;  and  pieces  for  American  organ,  etc. 
Editor  of  American  Orqnn.  Journal  (Metzler). 

Cowell,  Samuel  Haughton,  comedian, 
and  comic  singer,  born  at  London,  April  5, 
1820.  Son  of  Joseph  Leathley  Cowell  (1792- 
1863),  the  actor,  by  whom  he  was  taken  to 
the  United  States  in  1822.  He  resided  for  a 
number  of  years  in  the  States,  and  appeared 
there  as  an  actor  ;  afterwards  he  a^jpeared  in 
Edinburgh,  where  he  acted  under  his  uncle, 
W.  H.  Murray,  and  where  he  was  married,  in 
1842,  to  Emilie  Marguerite  Ebsworth.  He 
appeared  in  London  as  an  actor  and  singer, 
and  subsequently  sang  chiefly  as  a  comic 
vocalist  in  various  parts  of  Britain,  laying  the 
foundation,  to  a  considerable  extent,  of  the 
modern  music-hall  profession.  He  died  at 
Blandford,  Dorset,  ^larch  11, 1864.  His  songs 
were  published  in  many  different  collections, 
such  as  "  Sam  Cowell's  new  universal  illus- 
trated pocket  songster,"  London  [1856] ,  4  vols., 
and  among  his  most  successful  songs  may  be 
named  "Lord  Lovel,"  "  Alonzo  the  Brave," 
"  BiUy  Barlow,"  "  Rat-Catcher's  daughter," 
"  Corn  cobs,"  etc. 

Cowen,  Frederic  Hymen,  composer, 
conductor,  and  i^ianist,  born  at  Kingston, 
Jamaica,  January  29.  1852.  Brought  to 
England  when  four  years  old,  and  x^laced 
under  the  tuition  of  Julius  Benedict,  and 
John  Goss,  with  whom  he  remained  until 
1865.  His  "  !\rima  Waltz  "  was  published  in 
1858.  Studied  at  Leipzig  and  Berlin,  under 
Hauptmann,  ^loscheles,  Reinecke,  and  others, 
returning  to  London  in  1868.  He  soon  became 
known  as  a  brilliant  pianist  and  composer, 
giving  his  first  concert,  June  24,  1868,  at 
Dudley  House,  and  introducing  his  pianoforte 


COWEN. 

trio  in  A  minor.  Other  works  followed,  and 
at  his  orchestral  concert,  St.  James's  Hall, 
December  9,  1869,  he  produced  his  first  s>tii- 
phony  (in  C  minor).  Shortly  after  he  went 
on  tour,  as  pianist  and  accompanist,  with 
operatic  concert  parties ;  gave  a  series  of 
Saturday  Evening  Concerts  in  St.  James's 
Hall,  1880-1 ;  conducted  at  the  Promenade 
Concerts,  Covent  Garden,  1880.  During  the 
next  two  years  he  appeared  at  various  places 
in  Germany,  conducting  his  ova\  compositions. 
Conducted  concerts  at  the  Crvstal  Palace 
(December  16, 1882 ;  December  13, 1884,  etc. ;) 
Philharmonic  Society  (May  7  and  28,  1884)  ; 
was  given  the  post  of  Musical  Director  of  the 
Melbourne  Centennial  Exhibition,  1888  ;  and 
visited  Sydne}-.  Conductor  of  the  Philhar- 
monic Society,  1888-92;  appointed  successor 
to  the  late  Sir  Charles  Halle  as  conductor  of 
the  Liverpool  Philharmonic  Society,  and  the 
Halle  Concerts,  Manchester,  1896.  Conducted 
various  comi^ositions  at  the  principal  musical 
festivals,  1876-95. 

Works. — Operas  :  Pauline  (Lyceum,  Carl 
Rosa,  November  22,  1876) ;  Thdrgrim  (book 
bv  Joseph  Bennett,  produced  Drurv  Lane, 
April  20,  1890;  Signa  (Dal  Verme  Theatre, 
]\Iilan,  November  12,  1893)  ;  Harold  (book  by- 
Sir  Ed.  Malet,  produced  at  Covent  Garden, 
in  English — an  unique  occurrence — June  8, 
1895).  Operettas:  Garibaldi  (an  early  work) ; 
One  too  many  (German  Reed,  1874).  Inci- 
dental music  to  Maid  of  Orleans  (1871). 
Oratorios  and  Cantatas :  The  Rose  Maiden 
(1870)  ;  The  Corsair  (Biiiningham  Festival, 
1876 :  The  Deluge  (Brighton  Festival,  1878) ; 
St.  Ursula  (Norwich  Festival,  1881) ;  The 
Sleeping  Beauty  (Birmingham,  1885)  ;  Ruth 
(Worcester,  1887)  ;  Song  of  Thanksgiving 
(Melbourne,  1888) ;  St.  John's  Eve  (Crystal 
Palace,  1889);  The  Water  Lilv  (Noi-wich, 
1893) ;  The  Transfiguration  (Gloucester,  1895). 
For  female  voices :  Summer  on  the  river ; 
Christmas  scenes ;  The  Rose  of  Life ;  A 
daughter  of  the  sea,  etc.  Part-songs,  trios, 
duets,  etc.  Many  songs,  among  which  may 
be  mentioned  :  Two  Roses  ;  Marguerite  ;  The 
better  land ;  The  unfinished  song ;  More  than 
all  to  me  ;  The  promise  of  life ;  Nine  songs 
(Longfellow) ;  Songs  for  children  (1896),  etc. 
Orchestral:  Sjnnphonv,  No.  1,  in  C  minor 
(1869) ;  No.  2,  in  F  (1872) ;  No.  3.  in  C  minor, 
The  Scandinavian,  produced  St.  .James's  Hall, 
December  18,  1880,  and  since  heard  the  world 
over ;  No.  4,  in  B  flat  minor.  Philharmonic, 
May  28,  1884 ;  No.  5,  in  F  (Cambridge.  1887). 
Overtures,  etc.  D  minor  (1866) ;  Festival 
(Norwich,  1872);  Characteristic  o\erture, 
Niagara  ;  and  others.  Suites  :  The  Language 
of  flowers  (1880) ;  In  the  olden  time  (for 
strings,  1883) ;  In  Fairvland  (Philharmonic, 
May  6,  1896) ;  Four  English  dances  in  the 
olden  style ;  Sinfonietta  in  A ;  Marches,  etc. 


BFJTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


105 


COX. 

Concerto  in  A  minor,  pf .  and  orchestra ; 
Quartet  in  C  minor ;  Trio  in  A  minor,  pf .  and 
strings;  Sonata  fantasia.  Allegretto  grazioso, 
Bomance  and  scherzo,  Valses,  and  other  pieces 
for  pf.,  etc. 

Cox,  Frank  Rowland,  professor  of  sing- 
ing, born  at  Exeter,  September,  1819.  In- 
tended to  follow  his  father's  profession,  a 
solicitor,  but  deciding  for  music,  was  admitted 
as  an  out-student  of  the  Royal  Academy  of 
Music  in  October,  1839,  and,  later,  was  a 
pupil  of  Domenico  Crivelli.  In  1849  he  was 
appointed  an  Assistant  Professor  of  Singing 
at  the  Royal  Academy  of  Music  ;  in  1852  was 
made  an  Associate,  and  in  1862  elected  a 
Member.  He  joined  the  Connuittee  in  1868, 
and  was  elected  a  Director  in  1880.  With  the 
exception  of  a  short  period  passed  at  Trent- 
ham,  his  whole  professional  life  was  devoted 
to  this  Institution.  He  died  in  London,  April 
3,  1891,  at  the  age  of  71.  Translator  of  Cri- 
velli's  "  L'Arte  del  Canto,"  last  edition,  1850. 

Cox,  Mrs.  Harry,  see  C.\mtelo  Annie. 

Cox,  Rev.  John  Edmund,  D.D.,  clergy- 
man and  writer,  was  born  at  Norwich,  October 
9, 1812.  Vicar  of  St.  Helen's,  and  St.  Martin's, 
Bishopsgate,  London,  1849,  etc.  Author  of 
"Musical  Recollections  of  the  last  Half  Cen- 
tury," London,  2  vols.,  1872.  He  was  Hon. 
Chaplain  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians. 
He  died  at  Bath,  October  27,  1890. 

Coy,  Harry,  organist  and  composer.  Be- 
came F.R.C.O.,  1878;  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1878 ;  Mus.  Doc,  1885,  Oxford.  Organist  and 
choirmaster,  St.  Jobn  the  Divine,  Broolvland, 
near  Manchester,  from  1878  ;  Conductor  of 
Sale  District  IMusical  Society,  1892.  Com- 
poser of  a  sacred  cantata,  "  Esther  " ;  a  setting 
of  Psalm  85,  for  tenor  solo,  chorus,  and  or- 
chestra ;  anthems,  etc. 

Craig,  Adam,  Scottish  violinist  and  col- 
lector, born  in  latter  half  of  17th  century. 
He  performed  at  the  public  concerts  in  Edin- 
burgh during  his  lifetime.  Died  at  Edin- 
burgh, September  3,  1741. 

Works. — A  Collection  of  the  choicest  Scots 
Tunes,  adapted  for  the  Harp  or  Spinnet,  and 
within  the  compass  of  the  voice,  violin,  or 
German  Flute,  Edinburgh,  1730.  A  manu- 
script volume  of  original  compositions  by 
Craig  was  exposed  for  sale  in  1728. 

Craig,  Jotin  Millar,  conductor  and  bari- 
tone vocalist,  born  in  Edinburgh,  November 
15,  1839.  Was  apprenticed  to  a  printer,  and 
during  that  time  studied  singing  under  A.  W. 
Smith,  and  Signor  Bucher.  When  twenty- 
six  years  of  age,  devoted  himself  to  music  as 
a  profession,  and  began  teacliing.  He  after- 
wards studied  at  Milan  and  Florence,  with 
Leoiii  and  Romani.  Held  several  appoint- 
ments as  Precentor,  awd  in  1886,  succeeded 
the  late  James  Allan  as  conductor  of  the 
famous  Glasgow  Select  Choir.    Has  sung  in 


CRAWFORD. 

many  towns  in  Scotland,  and  with  the  Choir 
has  made  tours  of  the  United  Kingdom,  giving 
an  annual  concert  in  London  on  St.  Andrew's 
Day.  He  is  also  conductor  of  the  Edinburgh 
Bach  Society.  As  a  teacher  he  has  had  many 
pupils  who  have  taken  high  positions  as 
singers.  His  wife,  born  Elizabeth  Noble, 
studied  singing  first  with  her  husband,  then 
under  Professor  Goetze,  in  Leipzig.  She  sings 
occasionally  in  concerts  in  Edinburgh,  but  is 
chiefly  occupied  in  teaching,  in  which  she 
has  met  with  great  success,  Thomas  Craig, 
brother  of  J.  M.  Craig,  is  a  pianist.  He  was 
born  in  Edinburgh,  October  1,  1851.  Studied 
at  Leipzig  Conservatorium.  He  has  played 
at  Chamber  concerts  in  Edinburgh,  and  is 
teacher  of  the  pf.  at  George  Watson's  College, 
Edinburgh. 

Crament,  John  Maude,  organist,  con- 
ductor, and  composer,  born  at  Bolton-Percy, 
Yorkshire.  April  2,  1845.  Studied  under  (Sir) 
G.  A.  Macfarren,  and  at  the  Hoch  Schule, 
Berlin,  under  Haupt,  and  Kiel.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1880.  Professor  of  Music 
at  the  Church  Education  Society's  Training 
College,  Dublin,  1873-5.  Organist  of  Bromp- 
ton  Parish  Church,  and  now  of  St.  Paul's, 
Kensington.  Secretary  and  conductor,  People's 
Entertainment  Society,  1879-92  :  Conductor 
of  Choral  Societies  at  Richmond,  Surbiton, 
and  Putney ;  Kensington  Oratorio  Society, 
and  Orpheus  Musical  Society  (men's  voices), 
etc.  His  compositions  comprise  a  setting  of 
Psalm  145,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra 
(Richmond,  January,  1887).  Cantatas:  May 
Morn  ;  Little  Red  Riding  Hood  ;  The  Crystal 
Cup  (for  female  voices).  Anthems,  carols, 
songs,   and  part-songs. 

Crampton,  Thomas,  organist,  composer 
and  editor,  born  Sheerness,  1817.  Has  edited 
several  collections  of  choral  music,  and  com- 
posed anthems,  glees,  and  instrumental  music. 
He  was  made  purchaser  of  music  to  the  British 
Museum  in  1875.  Editor  of  Pitvian's  Musical 
Monthly.  He  died  at  Chiswick,  April  18, 
1885. 

Cranford,  William,  composer  of  the  17th 
century.  He  was  one  of  the  choristers  of  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  London,  in  1650.  He  com- 
posed rounds,  catches,  and  songs,  printed  in 
the  collections  of  Hilton,  Playford,  etc 

Craven,  John  Thomas,  writer  and 
teacher,  born  in  1796.  Author  of  "  The  Child's 
First  Singing  Book,"  London,  n.d.  ;  "The 
Child's  First  Music  Book,  or  Introduction  to 
the  Art  of  Playing  the  Pianoforte,"  Lon- 
don, n.d. 

Crawford,  Major  George  Arthur,  M.  A., 
writer  on  Music,  born  in  Dublin,  1827.  His 
chief  work  was  in  connection  with  Church 
music,  and  consisted  of  articles  in  the 
Musical  Tillies  ;  Grove's  Dictionary  of  ^lusic 
and   ]\Iusicians;   and  Julian's  Dictionary  of 


106 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CRAWFORD. 

Hymnology.  He  compiled  the  biographical 
index  in  the  Irish  Church  Hjmnal.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Musical  Association,  187i-91, 
and  frequently  spoke  at  the  meetings,  his 
great  knowledge  giving  more  than  ordinary 
value  to  his  remarks.  In  1881,  he  issued 
"  Succession  of  Organists  ...  of  the  cathedral 
churches  of  St,  Patrick,  Armagh  ;  of  the  Holy 
Trinity  .  .  .  and  of  St.  Patrick,  Dublin,"  etc. 
A  small  tract  of  39  pages,  containing  brief 
biographical  notices  of  the  organists."  He  died 
at  Sevenoaks,  June  9,  1893. 

Crawford,  William,  composer  and  pianist, 
was  born  in  1848 ;  died  at  Glasgow,  March  2, 
1878.  He  composed  a  considerable  number 
of  pieces  for  the  pianoforte,  many  of  which 
were  issued  under  the  pseudonyms  of  "Rud- 
olph Rookford,"  and  "Frank  B.  Ashton.  His 
father,  J.a.mes  Paul  Cr.'VWFOrd  (1825-18S7), 
is  best  known  as  a  minor  poet,  his  poem, 
entitled  "  The  Drunkard's  raggit  wean,"  being 
a  popular  piece  of  its  kind. 

Creser,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  York,  1844,  his  father  being  choir- 
master of  St.  John's  Church  in  that  city.  He 
was  a  chorister  in  York  jNIinster  at  eight,  and 
studied  for  some  time  under  (Sir)  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1869 ;  Mus. 
Doc,  1880,  Oxfcrd.  F.R.C.O.,  and  Associate 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  When  fifteen, 
he  was  organist  of  Holy  Trinity,  Micklegate, 
York ;  then  of  St.  Paul's ;  and"  (1863-75)  St. 
Andrew's,  CUinton.  In  1875  he  was  appointed 
to  St.  Martin's,  Scarborough,  and  to  the 
Leeds  Parish  Church,  1881.  Here  he  re- 
mained ten  years,  maintaining  the  reputation 
of  the  musical  servicss,  and  producing  Bach's 
Matthew  Passion,  and  other  great  works  on 
special  occasions.  In  1891  he  was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  St. 
James's,  and  composer  to  Her  Majesty's 
Chapels  Royal.  Conductor,  Western  ]\Iadrigal 
Society,  189G.  He  has  given  concerts  at  Leeds, 
and  organ  recitals  at  the  Edinburgh  Exhi- 
bition, 1890 ;  Exeter  Hall,  1891 ;  Bow  and 
Bromley  Institute,  1892,  etc.  His  wife,  born 
Amelia  Clarke,  is  a  contralto  vocalist  of 
repute,  who  has  sung  at  many  concerts  in 
Yorkshire,  and  the  Metropolis,  with  much 
success. 

Works. — Oratorio,  Micaiah  ;  Mass  in  C  ; 
Psalm  46,  motet  for  double  choir ;  Psalm  145, 
for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra  ;  Luther's  hymn 
(Latin  version).  Cantatas,  Eudora  (Leeds, 
1882)  ;  The  Golden  Legend ;  The  Sacrifice 
of  Freia  (book  by  F.  Hueffer,  produced  at  the 
Leeds  Festival,  October  10,  1889) ;  and  Teg- 
ner's  Drapa  (Longfellow).  Operetta,  Naxine  ; 
various  songs.  Old  English  suite  for  orchestra 
(Queen's  Hall,  May,  1896)  ;  Quartet  in  A 
minor,  strings ;  Trio  in  A,  pf.  and  strings  ; 
Sonata,  pf.  and  violin ;  Sonata  in  A  minor, 
and  other  pieces  for  organ. 


CROFT. 

Creyghton,  Robert,  D.D.,  divine  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Cambridge  in  1639. 
He  became  Professor  of  Greek  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  Cambridge  in  16G2 ;  Canon  Resi- 
dentiary and  Precentor  of  Wells  Cathedral, 
1674.     He  died  at  Wells,  February  17,  1733. 

Works. — Services  in  E  flat  and  B  flat. 
Anthems — Behold  now,  praise  the  Lord ;  I 
will  arise  ;  Praise  the  Lord,  O  my  soul,  etc, 
Music  mostly  in  i\IS. 

Creyghton  is  chiefly  remarkable  for  a  ca- 
dence which  he  employed  at  the  close  of  his 
compositions,  styled  by  some  writers  the 
"  Creyghtouian  seventh." 

Crisp,  William,  musician,  compiled 
"  Divine  Harmony,  or  the  Psalm  Singer  in- 
structed," Loudon,  1755. 

Croager,  Edward  George,  organist  and 
conductor,  born  in  London,  June  20,  1861. 
Chorister,  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street ;  after- 
wards studied  at  R.A.M.,  obtaining  the  Cer- 
tificate of  Merit,  and  being  made  an  Associate. 
He  was  for  some  j'ears  assistant  organist  at 
St.  Andrew's,  and  afterwards  organist  and 
choirmaster  successively  at  Quebec  Chapel, 
St.  Mark's,  North  Audley  Street,  and  St. 
James's,  West  Hampstead,  which  post  he  now 
holds.  Conductor  of  the  West  Hampstead 
Choral  and  Orchestral  Society,  the  London 
Diocesan  Choral  Union  (II.),  and  Organist  to 
the  London  Handel  Society.  His  patriotic 
cantata,  "  Our  Watchword,"  produced  in  1888, 
has  been  frequently  performed.  His  other 
compositions  are  chiefly  for  Church  use — 
hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Croal,  George,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  at  Edinburgh,  February  28,  1811.  Son 
of  Mr.  Croal,  who  was  sub-editor  of  the  Cale- 
donian Mercury.  He  was  apprenticed  to 
Alex.  Robertson,  music-seller,  in  1823,  and 
remained  with  him  till  1833.  He  was  in 
business  for  himself  as  a  music-seller  from 
1840  till  1848.  Afterwards  he  was  a  teacher 
of  music  in  Edinburgh. 

Works.  —  The  Centenary  Souvenir,  six 
songs  by  Sir  Walter  Scott.  Songs — Away  to 
the  woods  ;  Emigrant's  dream ;  My  grannie's 
pouch,  etc.  He  also  discovered  and  adapted 
the  airs  now  known  as  "  When  the  kye  comes 
hame  "  (1836),  and  "  My  Nannie's  awa  "  (1842). 
Under  the  psciulonym  of  "  Carlo  Zotti "  Mr. 
Croal  has  published  numerous  arrangements, 
transcriptions,  and  dances  for  the  pianoforte. 
Croft,  William,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Nether-Eatington,  Warwick,  1678. 
He  studied  under  Dr.  Blow,  and  was  chorister 
in  the  Chapel  Royal.  He  was  organist  of  St. 
Anne's,  Solio,  London,  from  1700  to  1711. 
In  1700  he  became  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel 
Royal ;  in  1704  joint  organist  with  Jeremiah 
Clark ;  and  in  1707  sole  organist.  In  1708  he 
was  appointed  master  of  the  choristers  and 
composer  to  the  Chapel  Royal,  also  organist 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


107 


CROKER. 

of  Westminster  Abbey.  He  resigned  his  post 
at  St.  Anne's  to  John  Isham  in  1711.  Mus. 
Doc,  Oxon.,  1713.  Appointed  tuner  of  the 
regals,  a  Court  office,  1716.  Original  member 
of  the  Academy  of  Vocal  Music,  1725.  He 
died  at  Bath,  August  14, 1727,  and  was  buried 
in  Westminster  Abbey. 

WoEKS.  —  Operas  (incidental  music  to 
plays)— Courtship  a  la  mode,  1700;  The  Fu- 
neral, 1702  ;  Twin  rivals,  1703  ;  Lying  lover, 
1704.  Divine  Harmony,  or  a  new  collection 
of  select  anthems  used  at  H.M.  Chapel  Royal, 
etc.,  1712 ;  Cathedral  Music,  or  thirty  select 
anthems  in  score,  consisting  of  1,  2,  3,  4,  5, 
6,  7,  and  8  parts  .  .  .  London,  2  vols.,  1724  ; 
Musica  Sacra,  or  select  anthems  in  score  .  .  . 
1724.  Numerous  single  anthems.  Miscel- 
laneous Odes  for  public  occasions.  Musicus 
Apparatus  Academicus,  being  a  composition 
of  two  odes,  etc.,  1713.  Three  Odes,  for  degree 
of  Mus.  Doc,  1715  ;  Six  sets  of  tunes  for  two 
violins  and  bass  ;  Six  Sonatas  for  two  flutes. 
Six  solos  for  the  flute. 

Croft  introduced  the  printing  of  music  from 
pewter  plates,  a  practice  which  was  generally 
followed  afterwards. 

Croker,  Norris,  baritone  vocalist  of  the 
present  time.  Has  given  English  song  recitals 
at  Steinway  Hall,  Loudon,  1890,  etc.  Author 
of  "  Handbook  for  Singers,"  London,  Augener, 
1896. 

Cromar,  Rev.  Alexander,  writer  and 
clergyman  of  a  Presbyterian  congregation  in 
Liverpool,  wrote  "A  Vindication  of  the 
Organ — a  Review  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Candish's 
publication,  entitled  "  The  Organ  Question," 
Edinburgh,  1856. 

Crome,  Robert,  a  musician  who  flourished 
during  the  middle  of  last  century.  He  pub- 
lished "  A  Collection  of  Dr.  Watts's  divine 
and  moral  songs,"  London  [1740].  "The 
Fiddle  new  model'd,  or  a  useful  introduction 
for  the  violin,"  London  [1745].  A  Compleat 
tutor  for  the  violoncello,  London  [1765]. 
Songs,  etc. 

Crompton,  John,  musician,  of  Southwold, 
Suffolk.  Edited  "The  Psalm  Singer's  Assist- 
ant, or  a  key  to  psalmody,  containing  a  new, 
easy,  and  familiar  introduction,  with  an 
astronomical  account  of  the  two  fundamental 
keys,"  London,  1778. 

Cromwell,  Thomas,  English  writer,  au- 
thor of  "  Church  Music  ;  a  Sermon  on  the 
Antiquity,  Excellence,  and  Propriety  of  the 
general  adoption  of  the  legitimate  Music  of 
the  Christian  Church,"  London,  1843. 

Crook,  John,  conductor  and  composer. 
Sometime  musical  director.  Theatre  Royal, 
Manchester.  Composer  of  music  to  burlesques 
"Robinson  Crusoe,"  Avenue  Theatre,  1887; 
and  "  Lancelot  the  Lovely,"  the  same,  1889. 
Operetta,  The  Transferred  Ghost.  IMusic  to 
some  of  Chevalier's  songs,  etc. 


CROSSLEY. 

Crook,  Joseph,  musician  of  the  first  half 
of  the  present  century.  Published  "  New 
Sacred  Music,  thirty-four  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes  for  four  voices,"  London  [1839]. 

Crosdill,  John,  violoncellist,  born  at  Lon- 
don, 1755.  He  was  educated  at  Westminster 
School,  and  became  a  chorister  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  He  studied  under  B.  Cooke  and  J. 
Robinson.  Member  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
Musicians,  1768-1825.  Violinist  in  Chapel 
Royal,  1777.  Chamber-musician  to  Queen 
Charlotte,  1782.  Principal  violoncellist  at 
the  Handel  Commemoration,  1784.  Principal 
'cello  at  Ancient  Concerts,  etc.  Married,  and 
retired,  1790.  He  died  at  Escrick,  Yorkshire, 
October,  1825. 

Crosdill  was  violoncellist -in -ordinary  to 
King  George  IV.,  and  a  performer  on  the 
violoncello  of  the  greatest  ability.  A  number 
of  anecdotes  concerning  him  will  be  found  in 
Parke's  "  Musical  Memoirs." 

Cross,  William,  musician  and  organist, 
born  in  latter  half  of  18th  century.  He  was 
organist  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  St. 
John's  College,  and  University  Church,  Ox- 
ford, 1807.     He  died  in  1826. 

Works.— Collection  of  Chants,  Kyries,  and 
Sanctuses,  n.d.  A  Collection  of  Psalm  Tunes 
for  the  Church  of  England.     London  [1818]. 

Cross,  William  Paterson,  conductor  and 
voice-trainer,  born  at  Blairoaks,  Caldarvan, 
Dunbartonshire,  October  24,  1837.  Studied 
in  Birmingham,  where  he  was  choirmaster 
for  several  years  of  Broad  Street  Presbyterian 
Church.  Settled  in  Greenock,  1862,  as  con- 
ductor and  teacher.  Conductor  of  the  Choral 
Union,  Greenock,  and  of  other  societies  in  the 
locality.  Has  composed  many  songs,  part- 
songs,  and  pf.  pieces,  etc. ;  arranged  Scottish 
melodies  as  part  songs,  and  compiled  school 
song-books,  etc. 

Crosse,  John,  writer  and  musician.  Au- 
thor of  "An  account  of  the  Grand  ]\Iusical 
Festival  held  in  ^eptember,  1823,  in  the 
Cathedral  Church  of  York,  to  which  is  pre- 
fixed a  Sketch  of  the  Rise  and  Progress  of 
Musical  Festivals  in  Great  Britain,  with  Bio- 
graphical and  Historical  Notes,"  York,  1825. 
This  is  a  valuable  work,  of  more  than  local 
interest.  Crosse  died  at  York,  October  20, 
1833. 

Crossley,  Frank  Herbert,  violinist  and 
conductor,  born  at  Sheffield,  May  30,  1804. 
Studied  violin  and  pf.  under  private  masters. 
In  1880  went  to  Natal,  where  he  was  appointed 
Conductor  of  the  Cathedral  Choir,  and  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society,  Pietermaritzburg. 
Afterwards  went  to  Berlin  (1887),  and  studied 
violin  under  Emile  Sauret,  and  composition 
with  Wilhelm  Tappert.  In  1890  he  was 
appointed  Conductor  of  the  Warrington  Mu- 
sical Society,  and  later  of  similar  societies  at 
Runcorn,  and  Nowton-le-Willows,  positions 


108 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CROSSLEY. 

lie  still  retains.  He  has  in  MS.  a  cantata, 
Ad61e,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra;  a  string 
quartet,  etc.  He  has  published  six  songs ; 
Melody  in  D,  violoncello  and  pf.  ;  Romance 
in  F,  violin  and  pf.  ;  Throe  sketches,  pf.,  etc. 

Crossley,  Hastings,  amateur  composer, 
born  at  Glenburn,  Antrim,  August  1,  1846. 
Studied  under  Berthold  Tours.  Professor  of 
Greek,  Queen's  College,  Belfast.  Composer 
of  Reine  d'amour  ;  The  cottage  by  the  sea ; 
Strew  on  her  roses ;  Under  the  star,  and 
other  songs. 

Crotch,  William,  writer,  composer,  and 
organist,  was  born  at  Norwich,  July  5,  1775. 
He  gave  early  evidence  of  great  talent  for 
music,  and  was  taken  to  London  in  1780. 
Assistant  organist  to  Dr.  Randall,  at  Cam- 
bridge, 1786.  Studied  for  the  Church  at 
Oxford,  1788.  Organist  of  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  1790-1807.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1794. 
Organist  of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1797- 
1806.  Professor  of  music  at  Oxford,  March, 
1797.  Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  1799.  Lectured  in 
INIusic  School  of  Oxford,  1800-4.  Lectured  at 
the  Royal  Institution,  Loudon,  1820.  First 
Principal  of  the  Royal  Academy  of  IMusic, 
London,  1822.  He  died  at  Taunton,  Decem- 
ber 29,  1847. 

Works. — Oratorios:  The  Captivity  of  Judah, 
1789;  Palestine,  by  Bishop  Heber, '1812;  The 
Captivity  of  Judah,  re-written,  1834.  Anthems: 
Ten  anthems  dedicated  to  the  Dean  and 
Chapter  of  Christ  Church  [1798];  Thirty 
select  anthems,  ed.  by  V.  Novello,  2  vols. 
Collection  of  seventy-two  original  single  and 
double  chants,  1842;  Tunes  adapted  to  the 
old  and  new  versions  of  the  psalms. .  .  .1807  ; 
Be  IMerciful  unto  Me ;  Comfort,  0  Lord,  the 
Soul  of  Thy  Servant;  Holy,  Holy,  Holy; 
How  dear  are  Thy  counsels ;  In  God's  Word 
will  I  rejoice;  Lo!  S'ar-led  Chiefs  ;  ]\Iethiuks 
I  hear  the  full  Celestial  Choir  ;  My  God,  look 
upon  me ;  O  come  hither,  and  hearken  ; 
O  Lord  God  of  Hosts  ;  Sing  we  merrily  ;  The 
Lord  is  King ;  Who  is  like  unto  Thee.  Three 
concertos  for  the  organ  with  accompts.;  Fugues 
for  the  organ  ;  Sonatas  for  the  pf. ;  Handel's 
oratorios  (portions)  adapted  for  the  organ  or 
pf.  Ode  on  the  Accession  of  George  IV., 
1827  ;  Ode  to  Fancy,  Warton  (Doctor's  exer 
else),  1799.  Glees,  various.  Elements  of 
Musical  Composition,  comprehending  the 
rules  of  Thorough-bass  and  the  theory  of 
Tuning,  London,  1812;  2nd  edition,  18.33; 
3rd  edition,  Novello,  1856 ;  Practical  Tho- 
rough-bass, or  the  art  of  playing  from  a 
figured  bass,  Loudon,  n.d. ;  Questions  for  the 
Examination  of  Pupils  who  are  studying  the 
work  called  Elements  of  IMusical  Composition 
and  Practical  Thorough-bass,  London  [1830]; 
Substance  of  several  courses  of  Lectures  on 
Music,  1831 ;  Specimens  of  various  styles  of 
Music  referred  to  in  a  course  of  Lectures  read 


CROUCH. 

at  Oxford  and  London,  and  adapted  to  keyed 
Instruments,  London,  3  vols.,  n.d.  ;  Preludes 
for  the  Pianoforte,  Compositions  in  various 
styles,  to  which  are  prefixed  the  rudiments  of 
playing  the  instrument  [1823]. 

Crotty,  Leslie,  baritone  vocalist,  born  at 
Galway  in  1853.  Intended  for  a  commercial 
life,  he  entered  an  office  after  leaving  school, 
and  was  then  for  some  j^ears  in  a  bank  in 
Dublin.  During  this  time  he  studied  music 
under  Alessandro  Cellini,  and  frequently  sang 
in  concerts  as  an  amateur.  As  such  he  also 
sang  at  times  in  opera  for  Mr.  Carl  Rosa, 
during  the  second  visit  of  his  company  to 
Dublin  (1875?).  He  then  went  to  Florence, 
and  studied  under  Mabellini.  Returning  to 
England,  he  joined,  in  1877,  the  Carl  Rosa 
Opera  Company,  in  which  he  remained  for  a 
little  over  ten  years,  his  repertory  comprising 
the  parts  of  Rigoletto,  Henry  Ashton  (Lucia 
di  Lammermoor),  Count  di  Luna  (II  Trova- 
tore),  Danny  Mann  (T/ily  of  Killarney),  Esca- 
millo  (Carmen),  and  others.  In  1889  he  made 
his  debut  at  Covent  Garden,  in  Italian  Opera, 
as  the  Count,  in  II  Trovatore.  In  1882  he 
married  Miss  Georgina  Burns  {q.v.),  and 
about  1890  started  a  company  for  the  produc- 
tion in  Euglisli  of  Rossini's  opera,  "  Cinder- 
ella," which  successfully  toured  the  provinces 
for  some  years. 

Crouch,  Anna  Maria,  bom  Phillips, 
soprano  vocalist,  born  at  Loudon,  April  20, 
1763.  She  studied  under  T.  Linley,  to  whom 
slie  was  articled  in  1779,  and  first  appeared 
at  Drury  Lane  Theatre  in  Arne's  "  Artax- 
erxes,"  1780.  Appeared  in  Ireland  with 
great  success,  1783.  Married  to  Mr.  Crouch, 
a  lieutenant  in  the  navy,  1785.  Sang  at 
oratorios  at  Drury  Lane,  1787.  Sei^arated 
from  Crouch,  1792.  Resided  afterwards  with 
]\Iichael  Kelly.  Retired  from  the  stage,  1800. 
She  died  at  Brighton,  October  2,  1805. 

"  She  had  a  remarkably  sweet  voice,  and  a 
naive,  affecting  style  of  singing ;  this,  added 
to  extraordinary  personal  charms,  made  her 
a  great  favourite  of  the  public  for  many  j  ears." 
A  most  laudatory  poem  on  her  is  entitled 
"  Euphrosyn^,  an  Ode  to  Beauty  :  addressed 
to  Mrs.  Crouch,  by  Silvester  Otway  [other- 
wise John  Oswald],  London,  1788.  See  also 
"  Memoirs  of  Mrs.  Crouch,"  by  M.  Young, 
Loudon,  2  vols.,  1806,  with  portrait. 

Crouch,  Frederick  Nicholls,  composer, 
vocalist  and  violoncellist,  born  in  Warren 
Street,  Pitzroy  Square,  London,  July  31,  1808. 
Son  of  F.  W.  Crouch,  violoncellist  (q.v.).  At 
the  age  of  nine  he  played  in  the  band  of  the 
Royal  Coburg  Theatre.  Then  he  travelled  in 
Yorkshire  and  Scotland,  and  was  for  two 
years,  through  necessity,  a  common  seaman 
on  coasting  smacks  plying  between  London 
and  Leith.  Through  the  interest  of  William 
Watts,  then  secretary  of   the    Philharmonic 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


109 


CROUCH. 

Society,  he  entered  the  orchestra  of  Drury 
Lane  Theatre.  His  voice  developing,  he 
studied  under  WilUani  Hawes,  and  was  iu  the 
choir  of  Westminster  Abbey  and  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral.  Then,  entering  the  R.A.M.,  he 
was  for  a  short  time  under  Crotch,  Attwood, 
Lindley,  etc.,  and  member  of  the  Philhar- 
monic, Ancient  Concerts,  and  Royal  Italian 
Opera  orchestras.  Travelled  for  a  time  for  a 
firm  of  metal  brokers,  and  invented  the  en- 
graving process  known  as  zincography.  After- 
wards musical  supervisor  to  D'Almaine  and 
Co.,  London.  About  1838  he  was  giving  an 
entertainment  on  the  "  Songs  and  Legends  of 
Ireland,"  and  was  for  years  known  as  the 
Irish  lecturer.  The  song  "  Kathleen  ]\Iavour- 
neen"  was  one  of  a  series,  "The  Echoes  of 
the  Lakes,"  published  about  1838.  In  1819 
he  went  to  America,  and  filled  various  ofi&ces, 
conducting  at  Portland,  Philadelphia,  Wash- 
ington, Richmond,  etc.  He  joined  the  Con- 
federate army,  and  served  through  the  Civil 
War.  His  last  years  were  spent  in  Baltimore, 
where  he  died,  August  19, 1896.  He  published 
his  Autobiography  in  the  Boston  Folio,  1887  (?). 
He  wrote  the  music  of  two  operas  — Sir  Roger 
de  Coverley,  and  the  Fifth  of  November,  1670. 
His  published  songs  comprised  —  Songs  of 
Erin  ;  Echoes  of  the  Past ;  Bardic  Reminis- 
cences ;  Songs  of  the  Olden  Time ;  Songs  of 
a  Rambler ;  Wayside  Melodies,  and  many 
detached  songs  by  various  writers,  which  iu 
their  day  had  great  popularity, 

Crouch,  Frederick  William,  father  of 
the  above,  was  born  in  Great  Smith  Street, 
Westminster,  about  the  year  1783.  He  was 
the  eldest  son  of  William  Crouch  (q.v.).  He 
received  his  first  instruction  from  his  father, 
and  was  afterwards  placed  under  John  Smith, 
a  fine  player,  when  his  rapid  progress  soon 
enabled  him  to  appear  in  public  in  concertos, 
etc.  In  1817  he  became  second  principal  at 
the  Italian  Opera  House,  and  was  also  in  the 
orchestra  of  the  Ancient  Concerts  and  Phil- 
harmonic Society.  For  years,  and  up  to  a 
few  months  before  his  death,  he  played  every- 
where with  Robert  Lindley.  He  married 
the  daughter  of  John  Nicholls,  an  eminent 
barrister.  His  death  took  place,  July,  1844. 
He  was  the  author  of  "  A  Complete  Treatise 
on  the  Violoncello  "  (Loudon,  Chapell,  1826), 
based  largely  on  the  authorized  Methode 
of  the  Paris  Conservatoire  ;  a  Supplement, 
with  accompanied  Scales  and  Exercises  on 
Double  Stops  ;  Duets  for  two  violoncellos  ; 
Duets  for  pf .  and  violoncello  ;  Arrangements, 
songs,  etc. 

Crouch,  William  (father  of  F.  W.  Crouch, 
and  grandfather  of  F.  N.  Crouch),  musician 
and  organist.  He  was  for  upwards  of  fifty 
years  organist  of  St.  Luke's  Church,  Old 
Street,  London,  and  was  also  at  the  same 
time,  for  many  years  organist  of  Clapham 


CROWE. 

Parish  Church.  Compiler  of  "  Selection  of 
Psalm  tunes,  as  sung  in  Clapham  Church," 
London  [1820]  ;  and  composer  of  six  sonatas 
or  lessons  for  the  harpsichord  or  pf.,  op.  1 ; 
six  sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  7  ;  two  sonatas  for  the 
pf.,  op.  9 ;  The  Triumph  of  Innocence,  an 
ode ;  The  Maid  of  Selma,  a  song,  etc. 

Crow,  Edwin  John,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Sittingbourne,  Kent,  September 
17,  1841.  Chorister  at  Rochester  Cathedral,, 
and  articled  pupil  of  the  organist,  Mr.  J.  L. 
Hopkins,  up  to  1856,  when  the  latter  removed 
to  Cambridge.  Under  his  successor,  John 
Hopkins,  young  Crow  remained  two  years, 
receiving  lessons  and  also  teaching  the  choir 
boys.  In  1858  he  went  to  Leicester,  and 
studied  with  G.  A.  Lohr,  whom  he  succeeded 
as  organist  of  Trinity  Church,  after  being 
acting  organist  for  three  years.  He  was  then 
organist  successively  at  St.  Andrew's,  and  St. 
John's,  Leicester  ;  and  in  1873  was  appointed 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  Ripon  Cathedral, 
entering  upon  his  duties  January  1, 1874,  and 
still  retaining  those  offices.  In  1868,  he  be- 
came P.R.C.O. ;  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1872  ; 
Mus.  Doc,  1882,  Cambridge.  He  is  an 
Examiner  for  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians,  and  Royal  College  of  Organists, 
and  music  master  at  Ripon  Grammar  School ; 
also  conductor,  in  rotation,  of  the  North- 
East  Cathedral  Choir  Association. 

His  Compositious,  besides  the  Degree  exer- 
cises. Psalm  146,  and  a  Harvest  Oratorio, 
include  a  Communion  Service  in  F  (College 
of  Organists'  Prize,  1872),  a  Morning  Service 
in  C  (written  for  the  opening  ot  the  Cathedral 
Organ,  April  24,  1878),  Evening  Services  in 
G,  A,  and  D.  Organ  and  pf.  music.  Songs, 
and  Masonic  music. 

Crowdy,  John,  writer  and  editor,  born  at 
Lewknor,  January  6,  1834.  Editor  success- 
ively of  The  Musician,  Musical  Standard, 
and  The  Artist.  Sub-editor  of  the  Guardian 
from  1854.  He  died,  Addlestoue,  Surrey, 
January  12,  1883. 

Works. — A  Kalendar  of  Cadences,  in  the 
form  called  Free  Chaut,  adapted  for  the 
recitation  of  the  Psalms,  London,  n.d.  The 
Free  Church  Canticle  Book,  n.d.  'The  Psalter, 
n.d.  The  Church  Choirmaster  .  .  .  London, 
1864.  A  short  Commentary  on  Handel's  ora- 
torio, "The  Messiah,"  London  [1875]. 

Crowe,  Alfred  Qwyllym,  bandmaster 
and  composer,  born  iu  Bermuda,  November 
3,  1835.  Of  a  family  of  soldiers  (his  father, 
Captain  Crowe,  was  in  the  30th  and  50th 
regiments,  and  was  killed  in  the  Sikh  war, 
1845),  he  joined  the  30th  regiment  at  Man- 
chester when  he  was  twelve  years  old.  He 
entered  the  band,  and  played  oboe  and  horn ; 
served  in  the  Crimea,  and  was  present  at  the 
battles  of  the  Alma,  Inkerman,  and  the  siege 
of   Sebastopol,  for  which  he  received  medal 


110 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CROWE  ST. 

and  clasps.  Returning  to  England,  he  raised 
a  new  band  for  the  30th,  and  afterwards 
studied  for  two  years  at  Kueller  Hall.  Then 
he  was  appointed  (1860)  to  the  14th  Light 
Dragoons,  retiring  on  a  pension  in  1874. 
Under  the  management  of  Mr.  Freeman 
Thomas,  he  conducted  the  promenade  con- 
certs at  Covent  Garden,  from  1881,  having 
previously  been  engaged  at  the  Southport 
Aquarium.  In  189.3,  he  was  appointed  con- 
ductor of  the  Llandudno  Pier  and  Pavilion 
Concerts.  He  died  March  8,  1894.  His  com- 
positions were  light,  ballet  music,  and  waltzes 
chiefly.  The  "  See-Saw  Waltz "  (Covent 
Garden,  1884),  was  extensively  popular.  1 

Crowest,  Frederick  J.,  writer  on  music, 
■organist  and  choirmaster,  born  in   London, 
1850.      Has    held    several   appointments   in 
London,  and  elsewhere,  and  is  now  organist  ! 
and  precentor  at  Christ  Church,  Kilburii,  and  \ 
choirmaster   of    St.    Mary's,    Somers   Town. 
He  has   compos  d  some  Church  music  and 
songs.      For  some  years  he  was  favourably 
known  as  a  tenor  singer,  under  the  name  of 
Arthur  Vittou.     Besides  contributions  to  the  ! 
National  Revietv,  and  other  papers,  he  has  j 
written    the    following :     "  The    Great   Tone  j 
Poets,"    London,    Beutley,    1874;    "  Book  of  j 
Musical  Anecdotes,"   Beutley,  1878,  2  vols.  ; 
"  Phases  of  ]Musical  England,"    Remington,  ' 
1881 ;    "  Musical  History  and  Biography,  in 
the  form  of   Question   and   Answer,"    1883 ; 
"  Advice  to  Singers;  "  "Musical Groundwork,"  1 
Warne  &  Co.  ;    "  Cherubini,"  the  Great  Mu-  j 
sicians'  series,  Sampson  Low  ;    "  Dictionary 
of   British   Musicians,"    Jarrold,    1895 ;    and 
"The    Story    of    British    Music,"     Vol.    I., 
Bentley,  1895. 

Crozier,  William,  oboe-player,  pupil  of 
Barrett.  Member  of  Crystal  Palace  orchestra 
from  1855-1870.     He  died  December  20, 1870. 

Cruickshank,  James,  Scottish  musician 
and  teacher.  Author  of  "  Flutina  and 
Accordion  Teacher,"  London,  1851.  Cruick- 
shank's  Accordion  and  Flutina  Teacher, 
Aberdeen  [1853].  Also  issued  several  books 
of  music  for  the  Accordion,  and  composed 
waltzes  and  other  dance  music. 

Cruickshank,  William,  Alexander 
Campbell,  organist  and  composer,  sou  of  the 
late  William  Cruickshank,  M.D.,  Deputy 
General  Inspector  of  Hospitals,  and  of  the 
52nd  Regiment,  born  at  Greenlaw,  Berwick- 
shire, June  1,  1854.  Educated  at  Epsom 
College,  where  he  received  his  first  musical 
instruction,  afterwards  becoming  a  pupil  of 
the  late  Thomas  Hewlett.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxford,  1885.  Was  resident  music- 
master  at  Loretto  School,  ^lusselburgh,  1874- 
1875  ;  Organist  and  Choirmaster,  St.  John's, 
Selkirk,  and  Conductor  of  the  Selkirk  Choral 
Union,  1875-G;  of  St.  John's,  Alloa,  and 
Conductor  of  the  Alloa  Musical  Association, 


CULLEN. 

1876-80 ;  and  of  the  Parish  Church,  Burnley, 
from  1880,  and  Conductor  of  Burnley  VocsJ 
Union,  and  of  the  Ruridecanal  Festival 
Services. 

Works. — Psalm  145,  "  I  will  magnify  Thee, 
O  God,"  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra ; 
Magnificat  and  Nunc  Dimittis  in  G,  composed 
for  the  Festival  of  the  London  Church  Choir 
Association,  and  performed  in  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  May,  1889  ;  Communion  Service 
in  E  flat ;  My  heart  is  fixed ;  Sing,  0  ye 
heavens ;  Praise  the  Lord,  composed  for 
Annual  Festival  in  aid  of  Burnley  Hospital, 
1896 ;  and  other  anthems.  Hymn  tunes, 
chants,  etc.,  contributed  to  various  collections. 
Songs:  An  autumn  wind;  Homeward  bound; 
Waking  ;  Waiting  ;  and  others.  Part-songs : 
Waken,  lords  and  ladies  gay  ;  and  others. 
Romance  for  violoncello,  pf.  and  organ  pieces, 
and  organ  arrangements,  etc. 

Cruse,  Edward,  musician  and  writer, 
who  died  in  1879.  He  was  an  organist  and 
teacher  in  London.  Compiled  "  Psalms  of 
the  Church,  adapted  for  four  voices,  con- 
taining a  History  of  Church  Music  and 
Notation,  biographical  notices,  etc.,  the 
whole  calculated  for  general  adoption  by 
every  sect  of  the  Reformed  Religion,"  London 
[1835]  ;  Te  Deum,  and  other  church  music. 

Cudmore,  Richard,  violinist,  composer, 
and  pianist,  was  born  at  Chichester,  in  1787. 
He  studied  under  a  musician  named  James 
Fargett,  Reinagle,  and  Salomon.  Violinist 
at  Chichester  Theatre,  1799.  Resided  in 
Chichester  as  violinist  and  teacher,  1799-1808. 
He  studied  the  pianoforte  under  Woelfl,  at 
London.  Member  of  Philharmonic  Band, 
London.  Resided  in  Manchester  as  leader  of 
Gentlemen's  Concerts.  He  died  at  Man- 
chester, December  29,  1840. 

Works. — The  Martyr  of  Antioch,  oratorio  ; 
Concertos  for  the  violin ;  Concertos  for  the 
pf.  ;  Songs,  etc. 

Cudworth,  William,  musician,  author 
of  "  Musical  Reminiscences  of  Bradford." 
Reprinted  from  the  Bradford  Observer. 
Bradford  [1885]. 

Cuisset,  Frank  F.,  organist  and  writer, 
born  at  Loudon,  February  23,  1812.  Studied 
music  under  Sir  H.  Bishop,  Sir  George 
Smart,  etc.  Organist  of  Holy  'Trinity  Church, 
Coventry ;  Bishop  Ryder's,  Birmingham  ; 
Selly  Oak  Church,  Birmingham  ;  and  Bus- 
bridge  Church,  Godalming.  Author  of  "The 
Vocalist's  Indispensable  Practice,  a  series 
of  exercises  for  promoting  the  strength  and 
flexibility  of  the  voice."  London  [1875]. 
Composer  also  of  Concerted  vocal  music, 
songs,  hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Cuilen,  Rose,  Mrs.  Albert  Tench,  vocal- 
ist and  actress,  born  near  London.  Made  her 
debtit  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre,  January  22, 
1870,  as  the  Page  in  "  Chilperic,"  afterwards 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


Ill 


CULWICK 

appeared  at  the  Strand  and  Olympic,  and  in 
the  provinces.     She  died,  December,  1888. 

Culwick,  James  C,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, born  at  West  Bromwich,  Staffordshire,  in 
1845.  Chorister  (articled,  at  fourteen,  to 
Thomas  Bedsmore),  and  afterwards  assistant 
organist  of  Lichfield  Cathedral.  Organist 
successively  at  St.  Chad's,  Lichfield  ;  Par- 
son stown,  Ireland,  1866;  Bray,  1868;  St.  Ann's, 
Dublin,  1870;  Chapel  Royal,  Dublin,  1881. 
Professor  of  pianoforte  and  theory,  Alexandra 
College,  and  Conductor  of  Harmonic  Society, 
Dublin.  Lecturer  on  Music.  In  1893  the 
degree  of  Mus.  Doc,  honoris  causa,  Dublin, 
was  conferred  upon  him. 

Works. — Dramatic  Cantata,  The  Legend 
of  Stauffenberg  (Ancient  Concert  Rooms, 
Dublin,  May  3,  1890);  Hymn  for  a  May 
morning,  both  in  MS. ;  Psalm  104,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra.  Anthems:  Bless  the 
Lord,  0  my  soul,  for  soli,  four,  and  eight  part 
chorus  (1896)  ;  Praise  the  Lord ;  0  Lord, 
grant  the  Queen  a  long  life ;  and  others. 
Church  services,  including  a  Te  Deum  and 
Benedictus,  for  men's  voices  (written  by 
invitation  for  Lichfield  Cathedral,  1892). 
Various  part-songs,  and  an  Elegy  in  memory 
of  Sir  Robert  Stewart.  Windle  straws,  a 
cycle  of  eight  songs ;  To  the  Cuckoo,  with 
parts  for  strings  and  flutes  ;  duos,  etc.  In- 
strumental :  Quartet  in  E  flat,  for  pf.  and 
strings  (Dublin,  1884) ;  Sonata  in  D  minor, 
organ;  Suite,  op.  1;  Sonatina,  op.  4;  Ballade, 
op.  2,  and  other  pieces  for  pf.  In  MS.,  a 
concert  overture,  for  orchestra  ;  Quartet  and 
suite  for  strings ;  Pieces  for  violoncello,  violin, 
and  pf.,  etc.  Author  of  the  Rudiments  of 
Music,  a  text-book,  Dublin,  1880  ;  2nd  ed., 
1882;  Pamphlets  and  papers,  Handel's  Mes- 
siah ;  Discovery  of  the  original  word-book  used 
at  the  first  performance  in  Dublin,  with  some 
notes,  1891 ;  The  study  of  music  and  its  place 
in  general  education,  Dublin,  1882  ;  Artistic 
landmarks  (Musical  Association),  London, 
1891,  etc.  Lectures  on  Folk  Song,  and  what 
it  has  done  for  us.  The  ethics  and  practice 
of  Music,  etc.,  etc.  Dr.  Culwick's  father  was 
a  tenor  vocalist  ;  Lay-clerk  of  Lichfield 
Cathedral,  a  zealous  worker  in  the  cause  of 
music,  and  an  oratorio  singer  of  repute  in  the 
Midlands. 

Gumming,  Angus,  Scottish  violinist  and 
composer  who  flourished  during  the  latter 
half  of  the  18th  century.  He  published 
"  A  Collection  of  Strathspey  or  Old  Highland 
Reels,  with  a  bass  for  the  violoncello  and 
harpsichord,  by  Angus  Cumming,  musician, 
at  Grantown  in  Strathspey,"  Edinburgh,  1780. 
A  second  edition  was  published  at  Glasgow 
some  time  after. 

Cummings,  William  Hayman,  tenor 
vocalist,  composer,  conductor  and  writer,  born 
at  Sidbury,  Devon,  August  22,  1831.     Chor- 


CUMMINGS. 

ister  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  in  his  seventh 
year,  he  was  placed  under  William  Hawes  ; 
afterwards  entering  the  choir  of  the  Temple 
Church,  he  studied  under  E.  J.  Hopkins,  and, 
on  leaving,  was  appointed  organist  of  Waltham 
Abbey.  While  in  the  Temple  choir,  he  sang 
among  the  altos  in  "Elijah,"  April  16,  1847. 
After  some  time  he  resumed  his  vocal  studies 
under  J.  W.  Hobbs,  whose  daughter  he  mar- 
ried, and  soon  gained  a  high  position  in  the 
concert  room,  while  holding  appointments  at 
Westminster  Abbey,  and  the  Chapel  Royal. 
He  sang  at  the  Birmingham  Festival  of  1864, 
and  at  later  celebrations ;  at  the  Three  Choir 
Festivals,  at  various  times  from  that  at 
Gloucester,  1865,  to  Hereford,  1879, frequently 
taking  important  parts  for  other  singers  at 
the  briefest  notice.  In  1870,  he  appeared  in 
opera  at  the  Gaiety  Theatre,  and  later  at 
Drury  Lane  and  elsewhere.  Visited  America 
in  1871,  singing  at  the  Festival  of  the  Handel 
and  Haydn  Society,  early  in  the  year ;  in 
"  Elijah,"  at  New  York,  October  31  ;  and  at 
various  places  on  tour.  He  has  been  heard 
at  every  important  concert  centre  in  the 
United  Kingdom  and  Ireland,  and  has  sung 
occasionally  up  to  the  last  few  years.  In  1879 
he  became  a  professor  of  the  R.A.M.,  of  which 
he  is  now  an  Honorary  Member  ;  and  later, 
joined  the  staff  of  the  Guildhall  School ;  and 
many  years  professor  at  the  Royal  Normal 
College  for  the  Blind.  In  1882,  he  was  ap- 
pointed chorus-master  of  the  Sacred  Har- 
monic Society,  and  afterwards  conductor. 
He  was  precentor  of  St.  Annes,  Soho,  1886-88. 
In  1884,  he  was  elected  F.S.A.  He  is  Hon. 
Treasurer,  and  was  orchestral  director  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society  up  to  1896  ;  Hon. Treas- 
urer of  the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians  ;  editor 
for  the  Purcell  Society's  publications  ;  and 
conductor  of  the  annual  festivals  of  the  Royal 
Society  of  Musicians.  In  June,  1896,  he  was 
elected  Principal  of  the  Guildhall  School  of 
Music.  A  learned  musical  antiquary,  he 
has  acquired  one  of  the  finest  musical  libraries 
in  private  hands,  especially  rich  in  early 
printed  works  and  MSS.,  and  is  the  possessor 
of  the  duplicate  of  Handel's  autograph  will. 
He  lectured  on  "  English  Schools  of  Compos- 
ition," at  the  Royal  Institution,  1894,  and 
has  frequently  lectured  and  given  addresses 
before  the  Musical  Association  ;  the  Incor- 
porated Society  of  Musicians  Conferences ; 
the  R.A.M.,  Trinity  College,  London,  etc. 
Author  of  The  Rudiments  of  Music  (London, 
Novello,  1877),  which  has  gone  through  many 
editions,  and  has  been  translated  into  several 
languages  ;  Purcell  (Great  Musicians'  series), 
liOndon,  1882.  Biographical  Dictionary  of 
Musicians,  London,  Novello,  1892.  Contri- 
butions to  Grove's  Dictionary  of  Music  and 
Musicians,  the  Dictionary  of  National  Bio- 
graphy, and  musical  periodicals. 


112 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CUMMINS. 

His  Compositions  include  a  cantata,  The 
Fairy  King,  produced,  St.  James's  Hall,  May 
24,  1872;  Morning  Service  in  D;  anthem, 
O  Lord,  give  ear ;  Sunday  part-songs  (G  Nos.) ; 
part-songs  ;  many  songs  :  Yellow  lie  the  corn 
rigs  ;  Ask  me  no  more  ;  Hush  thy  sounds 
(with  'cello  ohligato),  etc.  Glees :  0  thou 
sweet  bird  (Abbey  Glee  Club  Prize,  1850); 
with  four  other  prize  glees,  etc. 

His  son,  NoKMAN  Percy  Cummings,  born 
at  Dulwich,  September  12,  1868,  musically 
educated  at  home,  made  his  debut  as  a  pianist 
at  Dulwich  College,  July,  1884.  He  then 
studied  at  Leipzig,  and  on  his  return  played 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  Wednesday  Concerts, 
October  24,  1888.  lie  has  assisted  at  his 
father's  lectures,  and  is  professor  of  pf.  at  the 
Koyal  Normal  College,  Norwood. 

Cummins,  Charles,  composer,  pianist, 
and  violinist,  born  at  York  in  1785.  He  studied 
under  Dr.  Miller,  of  Doncaster.  Leader  and 
violinist  in  theatres  of  the  West  of  England. 
Wrote  an  amount  of  music  for  dramatic 
pieces,  and  a  pamphlet  against  the  system  of 
J.  B.  Logier.  The  date  of  his  death  has  not 
been  ascertained. 

Cunningham,  Francis,  musician.  Pub- 
lished "  A  Selection  of  Psalm  Tunes,  adapted 
to  a  selection  of  psalms  and  hymns  extracted 
from  various  authors,"  London,  182G  ;  and 
"  A  Selection  of  Psalm  Tunes,  designed  to 
assist  public  worsliip."     London,  1834. 

Currie,  Rev.  James,  LL.D.,  musician 
and  educationist,  born  April  24,  1828.  He 
was  Kector  of  the  Church  of  Scotland  Train- 
ing College,  Edinburgh,  for  upwards  of  thirty 
years.  He  wrote  The  Elements  of  Musical 
Analysis,  Edinburgh,  1858;  A  First  Musical 
Grammar,  Edinburgh,  1873.  Works  on 
Infant  and  Secondary  Education ;  School 
Songs,  etc.  He  died  at  Edinburgh,  September 
26,  1886.  A  monument  to  his  memory  was 
erected  in  Warriston  Cemetery,  Edinburgh, 
in  1890. 

Currie,  William,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  about  1828  ;  died  at  Peterhead,  Decem- 
ber 1,  1881.  He  was  blind.  Composer  of 
the  "  Miller  of  Drou,"  and  other  reels. 

Curtis,  Thomas,  musician.  Compiled 
"  Divine  Amusement,  a  selection  of  Psalms 
and  Hymns  as  sung  in  all  the  principal 
churches,  chapels,  etc."     London,  n.d. 

Curwen,  John,  musician  and  writer,  was 
born  at  Heckmondwike,  Yorks.,  November 
14,  181G.  Educated  at  Coward  College  and 
London  University.  Ordained  minister.  As- 
sistant minister  at  Independent  Church, 
Basingstoke,  Hants.,  1838.  Co-pastor  at 
Stowmarket,  Suffolk,  1841.  Pastor  at  Plais- 
tow,  Essex,  1844.  Founded  Tonic  Sol-Fa 
Associations,  1853.  Established  Tonic  Sol-Fa 
College,  1862.  Resigned  ministry,  and  de- 
voted himself  to  propagation  of  the  system, 


CURWEN. 

1867.  Established  "  Tonic  Sol-Fa  Reporter," 
and  publishing  agency  in  London.  He  died 
at  Heaton  Mersey  House,  near  Manchester, 
May  26,  1880. 

Works. — An  Account  of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa 
Method  of  Teaching  to  Sing,  London,  1854 ; 
Grammar  of  Vocal  Music,  with  Lessons  and 
Exercises  founded  on  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  method, 
and  a  full  introduction  to  the  art  of  singing 
at  sight  from  the  Old  Notation,  London,  n.d.; 
Standard  Course  of  Lessons  on  the  Tonic  Sol- 
fa  method  of  teaching  to  sing,  London,  n.d. ; 
Tonic  Sol-fa  instrumental  instruction  books ; 
Harmonium  and  Organ  ;  Theory  of  Fingering ; 
The  First  Pianoforte  Book ;  Reed  Band  Book ; 
Brass  Band  Book  ;  String  Band  Book  :  sepa- 
rate Works,  all  London,  n.d.  Musical  Statics; 
Art  of  Teaching,  being  the  Teacher's  Manual 
of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa,  n.d. ;  Musical  Theory, 
London  [1879] ;  The  Common-places  of  Music 
(Lectures),  10  parts,  1871-3  ;  Primer  of  Tonic 
Sol-fa  (Novello),  n.d. ;  Music  in  Worship  and 
other  papers  on  the  People's  Psalmody,  Lon- 
don, n.d.;  The  Present  Crisis  of  Music  in 
Schools,  a  Reply  to  Mr.  Hullah,  London, 
[1873];  The  Child's  own  Hymn-Book ;  How 
to  Observe  Harmony  ;  Construction  Exercises 
in  Elementary  Composition;  Arrangements, 
etc. 

Curwen,  John  Spencer,  son  of  the  fore- 
going, was  born  at  Plaistow  in  1847.  Studied 
at  first  under  his  father  and  G.  Oakey ;  and 
later  at  R.A.M.,  under  G.  A.  Macfarren,  A. 
Sullivan,  and  E.  Prout.  A.R.A.M.,  1879; 
F.R.A.M.,  1885.  Associate  of  the  Philhar- 
monic Society.  He  has  composed  and  ar- 
ranged part-songs,  etc.,  but  his  life  has  been 
devoted  to  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  movement,  and 
to  the  promotion  of  music  in  elementary 
schools.  He  was  made  President  of  the  Tonic 
Sol-fa  College  in  1880,  and  has  taken  an  active 
part  in  the  festivals  held  at  Stratford-le-Bow 
since  their  establishment  in  1883.  He  has 
lectured  in  many  places  in  the  United  King- 
dom ;  visited  the  Continent,  examining  the 
various  methods  of  teaching  singing  in  schools ; 
and  in  1887  he  made  an  extended  tour  in  the 
United  States,  to  enquire  into  the  condition 
of  music  there.  The  results  of  these  under- 
takings have  been  embodied  iu  pamphlets, 
and  in  papers  contributed  to  the  Tonic  Sol-fa 
Reporter  (now  the  Musical  Herald)  and  other 
publications.  He  is  author  of  Studies  in 
Worship  Music,  London,  1880 ;  a  second 
series,  London,  1885;  Memorials  of  John 
Curwen,  London,  1882 ;  IMusical  Notes  in 
Paris,  London,  1882  ;  The  Tonic  Sol-fa  Sys- 
tem ;  a  paper  read  before  the  Society  of  Arts, 
March  22,  1882,  etc. 

Curwen,  Mrs.,  born  Annie  Jessy  Gregg, 
is  a  native  of  Dublin,  where  her  father  prac- 
tised as  a  solicitor.  Her  first  composition  was 
published  by  friends  when  she  was  fourteen. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


113 


CUSINS. 

Studied  at  the  Royal  Irish  Academy  of  Music, 
vmder  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  Robinson  and  Sir 
Robert  Stewart.  Practiced  the  musical  pro- 
fession in  Dublin  for  some  years,  and  after- 
wards resided  in  Scotland,  where  she  first 
came  in  contact  with  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  system. 
Applying  its  principles  to  pianoforte  teaching 
and  the  Staff  Notation,  she  wrote  "  The  Child 
Pianist"  (London,  Curwen,  1866),  a  work  now 
extensively  adopted.  She  has  lectured  con- 
siderably on  the  subject.  Was  an  adjudicator 
at  the  singing  competition  of  Dublin  Schools, 
1893. 

Cusins,  Sir  William  George,  Kt., 
composer,  pianist  and  conductor,  born  in 
London,  October  14,  1833.  Chorister  in 
Chapel  Royal,  1843.  Studied  at  the  Brussels 
Conservatoire,  from  1844,  piano,  violin  and 
harmony.  In  1847,  he  won  a  King's  Scholar- 
ship at  R.A.M.,  and  was  re-elected  1849, 
studying  under  Potter,  Bennett,  Lucas,  and 
Sainton.  Played  Mendelssohn's  Rondo  in 
B  minor,  with  orchestra,  at  an  Academy 
Concert  at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms, 
June  6, 1849,  and  the  same  year  was  appointed 
to  the  Queen's  Private  Chapel,  and  entered 
the  orchestra  of  the  Royal  Italian  Opera. 
In  1851,  made  assistant  professor  at  R.A.M., 
and  later  professor.  Conductor  Philharmonic 
Society,  1867-83;  Master  of  the  Queen's 
Music,  1870-93 ;  Conductor  of  the  London 
Select  Choir,  1885.  Professor,  Guildhall 
School  of  Music,  1885.  He  conducted  the 
performance  of  Bennett's  oratorio,  "  The 
Woman  of  Samaria,"  at  the  Birmingham 
Festival,  1867.  As  a  pianist,  he  played  at 
the  Gewandhaus  Concerts,  Leipzig,  October 
12,  1856;  Berlin;  at  the  Philharmonic  and 
Crystal  Palace  Concerts ;  Rome,  1883  ;  and 
at  his  own  annual  concerts,  London,  from 
1885.  He  was  elected  Hon.  Member  of  the 
Academy  of  St.  Cecilia,  Rome,  1883  ;  received 
the  honour  of  Knighthood  from  the  Queen, 
1892  ;  and  the  Cross  of  Isabella  the  Catholic, 
from  the  Queen  of  Spain,  1893.  He  died, 
suddenly,  from  influenza,  August,  31, 1893,  at 
Remonchamps,  in  the  Ardennes. 

Works. — Royal  Wedding  Serenata,  1863  ; 
Gideon,  an  oratorio  (produced  at  the 
Gloucester  Festival,  1871);  Te  Deum,  for 
soli,  chorus  and  orchestra  (Sacred  Harmonic 
Society,  February  24, 1882)  ;  Jubilee  Cantata, 
Grant  the  Queen  a  Long  Life  (State  Concerts, 
1887);  anthems;  Masonic  prayers ;  Responses 
to  the  Commandments,  &c.  Editor  of,  and 
contributor  to.  Songs  from  the  published 
writings  of  Alfred  Tennyson  ;  songs,  and  part- 
songs.  Symphony  in  C,  for  orchestra  (Sarasate 
Concert,  St.  James's  Hall,  June  18,  1892)  ; 
two  concert  overtures — Les  Travailleurs  de 
la  Mer  (1869)  ;  and  Love's  Labour  Lost 
(1875) ;  March,  in  honour  of  Prince  Albert 
Victor  (Albert  Hall,  January,  1885) ;  Concerto 


CUTLER. 

in  A  Minor,  pf.  and  orchestra;  Concert', 
violin  (MS.);  Septet,  for  wind  instruments 
and  double-bass  (1891);  Trio  in  C  Minor,  jif. 
and  strings  (produced  at  the  composei  's 
concert,  June  14,  1882) ;  Sonata  in  A  minor, 
pf.  and  violin  (1893)  ;  pf.  pieces,  &c.  Author 
of  a  pamphlet,  Handel's  Messiah,  an  examina- 
tion of  the  original  and  of  some  contemporary 
MSS.  (Augener),  1874,  and  contributor  to 
Grove's  Dictionary  of  Music  and  Musicians. 

Custard,  Walter  Qoss,  organist,  pianist, 
and  composer,  born,  June  9, 1841.  Nephew  of 
Sir  John  Goss.  Articled  pupil  of  Sir  George 
Elvey,  at  Windsor,  1857.  Organist  of  Spring 
Grove  Church,  Isleworth,  1861 ;  Christ  Church, 
St.  Leonards-on-Sea,  1865,  to  the  present  time. 
Conductor,  for  some  years,  of  the  Hastings  and 
St.  Leonards  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  and 
St.  Leonards  Vocal  Association.  Has  given 
pianoforte  recitals  with  much  success.  His 
works  include  The  Office  of  the  Holy  Com- 
munion, in  E  flat ;  Communion  Service  in  F; 
Te  Deum*  and  Benedictus  in  F;  Hymns,  vari- 
ous. The  Chorister's  Daily  Practice,  London, 
n.d.  Pianoforte — Short  studies  in  all  the  major 
and  minor  keys  ;  Twelve  studies,  op.  22 ;  Noc- 
turne in  C  minor ;  Rondino  in  A,  op.  17,  &c. 
Triumphal  March  for  organ  (with  chorus) ; 
Songs,  &c. 

Cutell,  Richard,  musician  and  writer  of 
the  fifteenth  century,  author  of  a  treatise  on 
Counterpoint,  preserved  in  the  Bodleian 
Library,  Oxford  (MS.  imperfect). 

Cutler,  Edward,  amateur  composer  and 
litterateur,  born  at  Canons  Park,  the  seat  of 
his  grandfather.  Sir  Thomas  Plumer,  Master 
of  the  Rolls,  and  was  educated  at  Eton  and 
Dresden.  Well-known  as  a  Q.C.  and  Chancery 
barrister,  he  is  still  more  widely  recognised  as 
a  clever  composer.  He  was  for  some  time 
organist  of  Whitchurch,  Edgeware  ;  and  in 
1891  was  appointed  by  the  Prince  of  Wales 
grand  organist  of  the  Freemasons  of  England 
— the  first  amateur  to  hold  that  office.  He 
gave  a  matinee  at  Erard's  Rooms,  February 
23,  1893,  with  a  programme  of  his  own  com- 
positions. He  has  composed  a  Scherzetto,  and 
other  pieces  for  orchestra ;  Romance  for 
violin ;  Postlude  in  C,  &c.,  for  organ ; 
several  pf.  pieces.  An  Arab's  Song ;  Child 
and  Mother ;  The  Rose  Walk,  and  numerous 
other  songs ;  and  has  contributed  various 
articles  to  the  musical  press. 

Cutler,  William  Henry,  pianist,  vocalist 
and  composer,  born  at  Londou,  in  1792.  He 
studied  under  Dr.  Arnold  and  W.  Russell, 
and  made  his  dehtit  as  pianist  with  a  concerto 
by  Viotti,  in  1800.  Chorister  in  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon,  1812.  Organist 
of  St.  Helen's,  Bishopsgate,  1818.  Taught 
Music  by  Logier's  System.  Organist  of  Que- 
bec Chapel,  Portman  Square,  1823.  He  sang 
at  the  principal  London  concerts. 


114 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


CUZENS. 

WoBKS. — Church  Music ;  The  Psalms, 
Te  Deum,  Jubilate,  etc.,  used  at  Quebec 
Chapel,  Portmau  Square,  n.d.  ;  Pf.  music ; 
fantasias,  rondos,  marches,  duets,  songs,  etc. 

Cuzens,  Benjamin,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, who  flourished  about  the  end  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  He  published  "The 
Portsmouth  Harmony,"  n.d.  "Divine  Har- 
mony, containing  six  anthems  and  a  Christmas 
ode."     Anthems,  etc. 

Cympson,  Edward,  composer  and  lyric 
author  of  present  time.  Teacher  of  singing 
in  London  Board  Schools,  1876.  He  has 
composed  two  sacred  cantatas,  "The  Ruler's 
Daughter"  (performed  Greenock,  1888);  and 
"The  Angel  of  the  Harvest  "  (London,  1892). 
Words  for  temperance  songs,  &c. 

Czapek,    pseiidonym    of    Hatton,    John 

LiPTROT. 

D' Albert,  see  Albert. 

Dale,  C.  J.,  amateur  organist  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Longton,  Staffordshire,  in 
May,  1842.  Educated  at  Belper,  Derby. 
Studied  music  with  Mr.  H.  Sharpe  (organist 
of  St.  Mary's,  Southampton).  Went  to 
London  in  1860,  where  he  is  engaged  in 
business.  He  was  organist  of  St.  John's 
Square  (Clerkenwell)  Wesleyan  Church  for 
nineteen  years  ;  of  Finsbury  Park  Wesleyan 
Church  for  fifteen  years  ;  and  is  now  Choir- 
master of  Holly  Park  Wesleyan  Church. 
Up  to  1894  he  was  conductor  of  the  Finsbury 
Choral  Association,  which  he  raised  from 
small  beginnings  to  a  position  of  artistic 
importance.  In  1889  he  established  the 
Metropolitan  College  of  Music,  which  has 
flourishing  classes  for  Tonic  Sol-fa  and  other 
students.  Of  this  he  is  still  the  Principal, 
and  Chairman  of  Corporation  Committees. 
He  has  composed  a  Morning  Service,  some 
simple  anthems,  and  a  few  hymn  tunes. 
JIusical  editor  of  "  Psalms  and  Canticles 
pointed  for  chanting,"  London,  Wesleyan 
Book-room,  1888. 

Dale,  Isaac,  musician  and  organist,  com- 
piled "  The  Mona  Melodist,  a  selection  of 
Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  suited  to  all  the 
variations  of  metrical  psalmody,  for  congrega- 
tional or  family  worship,  newly  harmonised 
for  four  voices,  with  an  accompaniment  for 
the  organ  or  pianoforte."  Douglas  [1842] . 
An  excessively  scarce  book. 

Dale,  Joseph,  composer  and  editor,  born 
in  1750.  He  was  organist  of  St.  Anthony 
and  St.  John  Baptist,  Watling  Street, 
London.  He  died  at  Edinburgh,  August  21, 
1821.  Author  of  "  Dale's  Collection  of  Sixty 
Favourite  Scotch  Songs,  taken  from  the 
original  manuscripts  of  the  most  celebrated 
Scotch  authors  and  composers,  properly 
adapted  for  the  German  flute,"  Books  I.,  II., 
and   III.,   n.d.    [1794].     Wrote  an   "  Intro- 


DAMIAN. 

duction  to  the  Pianoforte,  Harpsichord,  or 
Organ,"  op.  12,  n.d.  Thirty  organ  pieces, 
op.  11,  n.d.,  and  many  works  for  pf.,  etc. 
Also  a  collection  of  English  songs. 

Dale,  Rev.  Reginald  Francis,  clergy- 
man and  musician,  born  at  Sydenham, 
London,  September  12,  1845.  Educated  at 
Oxford,  and  graduated  B.A.  and  Mus.  Bac.  in 
1866.  Clerk  in  Holy  Orders,  1870.  Assistant 
master  in  Westminster  School,  1870-1886. 
Rector  of  Bletchingdon,  Oxford,  1885.  Joint 
author  with  the  Rev.  John  Troutbeck  of 
"Music  Primer  for  Schools,"  1873,  etc  ;  and 
composer  of  hymn  tunes,  some  of  which 
appeared  in  "  Twenty-two  original  Hymn 
Tunes,  by  two  Oxford  Graduates  "  [1867J . 

Dalglish,  Robert,  composer,  born  at 
Pollokshaws,  Renfrewshire,  July,  1806 ;  died 
there,  August  5,  1875.  He  was  a  weaver  by 
trade,  and  self-educated  in  music.  Composed 
a  number  of  anthems,  glees,  and  psalms,  of  a 
somewhat  feeble  class,  which  were  at  one 
time  regarded  with  some  favour  in  Glasgow. 

D'Alquen,  Frank  C,  see  Alqd  n,  Frank 
C.  D'. 

Daly,  William,  violinst,  born  in  Dublin, 
circa  1848.  Settled  in  Edinburgh  for  many 
years,  and  teacher  of  the  violin  at  Fettes' 
College  there.  Leader  of  the  Edinburgh 
Quartet,  which  began  giving  chamber  concerts 
in  1890.  Author  of  a  treatise  on  the  violin, 
published  in  the  "  Musical  Educator  '  (see 
Greig,  John).  His  son,  WiLi  iam,  has  con- 
tributed a  treatise  on  Musical  History  to  the 
same  publication.  John  Daly,  violinist, 
born  in  Dublin,  August,  1851,  is  brother  to 
William  Daly.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  Dublin, 
under  Sir  Robert  Stewart  and  others. 
Resided  for  a  time  at  Glasgow ;  then  in 
Manchester,  where  he  was  for  some  years  in 
Halle's  orchestra  as  a  violin  player ;  at 
present  time  in  Glasgow  as  teacher  and 
performer. 

Dalyell,  5ir  John  Graham,  antiquary, 
was  born  in  1776,  and  died  June  7,  1851. 
He  was  educated  for  the  bar,  and  succeeded 
as  sixth  baronet  of  Binns,  Linlithgow,  in 
1841.  In  addition  to  a  number  of  valuable 
historical  and  scientific  works,  he  wrote 
"  Musical  Memoirs  of  Scotland,  with  historical 
annotations,  and  numerous  illustrative 
plates,"  Edinburgh,  1849.  This  is  now  a 
scarce  work,  and  is  of  some  value  as  a 
contribution  to  Scottish  musical  archaeology. 

Damian,  Grace,  contralto  vocalist,  bom 
at  Brighton.  Studied  under  Madame  Sainton- 
Dolby.  Made  her  debut  at  the  Monday 
Popular  Concerts,  January  12,  1880 ;  and  in 
the  same  year  sang  in  "  Ehjah,"  and  other 
works,  at  the  Gloucester  Festival.  She  also 
sang  at  the  Leeds  Festival,  1883,  in  Raff's 
"  End  of  the  World  "  ;  and  has  been  heard  at 
the  principal  London  and  provincial  concerts. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


115 


DAMON. 

In  1889,  she  was  on  tour  with  Madame 
Albani  in  the  United  States  and  Canada. 
She  made  her  first  appearance  on  the  stage 
At  Covent  Garden,  October  29,  1890,  in  "  La 
•Giooonda." 

Damon,  William,  composer  and  organist, 
•was  born  1540.  Organist  of  Queen  Elizabeth's 
Chapel.  He  died  early  in  the  seventeenth 
•century. 

Works. — The  Psalmes  of  David  in  English 
Meter,  with  notes  of  foure  parts  set  unto 
them  by  Gulielmo  Damon,  for  John  Bull,  to 
the  use  of  Christians  for  recreating  them- 
selves, instede  of  fond  and  unseemely  ballades, 
1579  [said  to  have  been  published  by  Bull,  a 
goldsmith  in  London,  without  Damon's 
consent  or  knowledge] .  The  Former  Booke 
of  the  Musicke  of  Mr.  William  Damon,  late 
one  of  Her  Majesties  musitions  ;  conteining 
all  the  Tunes  of  Dauids  Psalmes  as  they  are 
ordinarily  soung  in  the  church,  most 
excellently  by  him  composed  into  four  parts, 
altus,  cantus,  tenor,  bassus  ;  in  which  sett 
the  tenor  singeth  the  church  tune.  Published 
ior  the  recreation  of  such  as  delight  in 
musicke,  by  W.  Swayne,  Gent.  Printed  by 
T.  Este,  1591.  The  Second  Booke  of  the 
Musicke  of  Mr.  William  Damon,  containing 
all  the  Tunes  of  David's  Psalmes,  differing 
■from  the  former  in  respect  that  the  highest 
part  singeth  the  Church  tune,  London,  1591. 
The  tunes  to  which  Damon  gave  harmonies 
are  forty  in  number,  and  are  the  first  psalms 
•with  harmonies  published  in  England. 

Danby,  John,  English  glee  composer, 
was  born  in  1757  [1750] .  He  gained  ten 
prizes  from  the  Catch  Club,  for  seven  glees, 
two  canons,  and  an  ode,  1781-94.  He  was 
organist  of  the  chapel  of  the  Spanish  Em- 
bassy, Manchester  Square,  London,  and  died 
at  London,  May  16,  1798.  Very  little  has 
been  preserved  concerning  the  biography  of 
this  musician. 

Works.— Masses  ;  Motets;  Catches, canons 
and  glees,  for  three,  four,  and  five  voices,  in 
Score,  four  books,  London,  n.d.  [c.  1785-98]; 
La  Guida  alia  Musica  Vocale.  Op.  2,  London 
[1787] ,  n.d.  Glees— When  Sappho  tuned 
(Smollett),  three  voices  ;  When  generous  wine 
expands  ;  When  floods  retire  to  the  sea ;  The 
fairest  flowers  the  vale  prefer  ;  Sweet  thrush  ; 
Shepherds,  I  have  lost  my  love  ;  Go  to  my 
Anna's  breast ;  Fair  Flora  decks  ;  Come,  ye 
party  jangling  swains ;  Awake,  ^olian  lyre, 
four  voices  ;  Music  has  power;  Soft  pleasing 
pains  unknown  before  ;  When  beauty's  soul ; 
The  nightingale  ;  0  salutaris  hostia,  etc. 

Dance,  William,  violinist,  pianist,  and 
composer,  born  1755.  He  studied  under 
Aylward,  Baumgarten,and  Giardini,  and  was 
a  violinist  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  1771-74. 
He  was  leader  at  King's  Theatre,  1775-93, 
and  led  the  band  of  the  Handel  Commemo- 


DANIEL. 

rations  in  1790,  etc.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Philharmonic  Society,  and 
acted  as  director  and  treasurer.  He  died  at 
London,  June  5,  1840. 

Dance  was  a  successful  piano  teacher  in 
London,  and  composed  sonatas,  fantasias, 
variations,  etc.  His  brother,  George  Dance 
(1741 — London,  January  14,  1825),  was  a 
painter  and  a  Royal  Academician.  He  was 
a  singer  and  vocal  composer. 

Dando,  Joseph  Haydon  Bourne,  vio- 
linist, born  in  SomersTown,  London,  in  1806. 
Studied  under  his  uncle,  Gaetano  Brandi, 
and  then  for  seven  years  under  Nicolas  Mori, 
1819-26.  In  1831,  he  became  a  member  of 
the  Philharmonic  Orchestra,  and  remained 
so  till  1855.  He  was  also  in  all  the  leading 
orchestras,  and  in  those  of  the  Birmingham, 
Three  Choirs,  and  other  festivals.  He  antici- 
pated the  Concerti  da  Camera,  started  Novem- 
ber 7,  1835,  by  giving  a  chamber  concert  of  a 
similar  type  at  the  Horns  Tavern,  September 
23  of  that  year.  In  1836,  he  joined  Blagrove, 
Gattie,  and  Lucas  in  chamber  quartet  con- 
certs, at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms,  the  first 
taking  place  March  17,  Dando  playing  viola. 
His  claim  to  the  introduction  of  public  per- 
formances of  the  string  quartet  cannot  be 
maintained,  as  they  were  played  from  the 
date  of  the  first  Philharmonic  Concert,  March 
8, 1813  ;  and  at  the  British  Concerts,  given  in 
the  ball-room  of  the  Argyll  Rooms  in  1823. 
But  Dando  did  good  work  in  his  day,  up  to 
his  retirement  in  1875.  His  appointment  as 
music  master  to  the  Charterhouse  Schools  he 
held  from  1875  almost  to  the  time  of  his 
death,  at  Godalming,  in  May,  1894. 

Daniel,  Albert  Edward,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  in  Birmingham,  November  9, 
1862.  Studied  privately  under  several  masters, 
but  owes  much  to  his  own  unaided  exertions. 
F.R.C.O.  18d5.  Has  appeared  as  pianist  and 
organist,  giving  recitals  in  the  Birmingham 
Town  Hall  and  other  places.  Increasing 
deafness  has  put  a  stop  to  a  promising  public 
career,  and  his  time  is  now  chiefly  devoted  to 
teaching. 

Works. — Two  masses  ;  a  Harvest  Cantata, 
performed  1888-9,  but  remaining  in  MS.,  and 
other  church  music  ;  Choral  song.  The  Sum- 
mer Rain,  produced  by  the  Birmingham  Fes- 
tival Choral  Society,  April,  1891  ;  A  comic 
operatta,  MS ;  many  songs,  etc.  Two  con- 
cert overtures,  orchestra ;  Quintet  and  trio, 
pf.  and  strings  ;  Quartet,  strings ;  Fantasia, 
Clarinet  and  pf. ;  Sonatas  for  organ  and 
pianoforte,  and  various  pieces  in  smaller 
forms. 

Daniel,  John,  musician,  was  born  at 
Aberdeen,  in  1803.  He  studied  music  under 
John  Ross,  and  was  a  music-teacher  in  Aber- 
deen for  a  number  of  years.  He  was  also 
precentor  of  St.  John's  Church,  Montrose, 


116 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


DANIEL. 

about  1833,  and  in  1843  he  settled  in  New 
York  as  a  teacher.  He  died  at  New  York, 
June  21,  1881.  He  edited  "The  National 
Psalmody  of  the  Church  of  Scotland,  a  col- 
lection of  the  most  esteemed  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes  ..."  [1887],  2nd  ed.  [1843] .  Com- 
posed, also,  part-songs,  songs,  and  pf.  music. 
James  Daniel  (Aberdeen,  July  24,  1810 — 
February  17,  1889),  probably  a  brother  of  the 
foregoing,  was  a  music-engraver  and  editor. 
He  issued  "  A  Collection  of  Reels,  Strathspeys, 
slow  airs,  etc,"  Aberdeen  [1840]. 

Daniel,  Rev.  Richard  Blackburne, 
curate  of  Tickenhall,  Derby,  1878,  and  for- 
merly organist  of  the  parish  churches  of  St. 
Mary  Bredin  and  St.  MaryBredman,  Canter- 
bury. Author  of  "  Chapters  on  Church  Music," 
London  :  Elliot  Stock,  1894. 

Danneley,  John  Feltham,  writer, 
pianist,  and  composer,  born  at  Oakingham, 
Berkshire,  1786.  He  studied  under  C.  Kny- 
vett,  S.  Webbe,  Woelfl,  and  C.  Neate.  Resided 
in  Hampshire  as  teacher  till  1812.  Organist 
of  Church  of  St.  INIary  of  the  Tower,  Ipswich, 
1812.  Visited  Paris,  and  studied  under  Reicha 
and  Pradher,  1816.   He  died  at  London,  1836. 

Works. — A  set  of  twelve  Italian  duets : 
Glees  and  songs ;  Pf.  music.  An  Introduc- 
tion to  the  Elementary  Principles  of  Thorough 
Bass  and  classical  music,  Ipswich,  1S20 ;  An 
Encyclopaedia,  or  Dictionary  of  Music,  Lon- 
don, 1825 ;  A  Musical  Grammar,  comprehend- 
ing the  principles  and  rules  of  the  science, 
London,  1826. 

Danyl,  or  Daniel,  John,  composer,  of 
the  latter  part  of  the  16tli  and  beginning  of 
the  17th  centuries.  He  is  supposed  to  have 
been  the  brother  of  Daniel,  the  poet,  and  was 
a  Bachelor  of  Music,  Oxon.,  1604.  He  pub- 
lished "  Songs  for  the  Lute,  Viol,  and  Voyce," 
London,  1606,  and  others  of  his  compositions 
are  preserved  in  MS. 

Darnton ,  Charles,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  October  10,  1836.  Many 
years  organist  of  Park  Chapel,  Camden  Town. 
Composer  of  the  sacred  cantatas,  "  The  Star 
of  Bethleham"  (1893);  "The  Song  of  Crea- 
tion ;"  "  Abraham  "  (1895)  ;  "  Spring-time 
and  Harvest"  (1895).  Pastoral  cantata, 
"Village  Life,"  perfornaed,  London,  1891. 
Anthems  for  Church  and  Home ;  various 
anthems,  etc. ;  Sacred  songs.  Compiler  of 
"Comprehensive  Psalmody  "  (London,  1866). 

Dart,  Henry  John  Baker,  organist,  born 
at  Torquay,  March  5,  1851.  Chorister  at  St. 
Luke's  Church  there,  1866-8  ;  organist,  St. 
Michael's  Mission  Church,  1868  ;  and  Christ 
Church,  Ellacombe,  1873.  In  1875  he  re- 
moved to  London,  and  later  on  studied  at  the 
London  Academy  of  Music,  under  Dr.  E.  J. 
Hopkins,  J.  F.  Barnett,  and  E.  H.  Turpin, 
his  earlier  teachers  having  been  Charles  Fow- 
ler and  T.  Craddock.     Conductor,  1877-80,  of 


DAVENPORT. 

the  North  London  Philharmonic  Society,  at 
the  concerts  of  which  more  than  one  im- 
portant work  was  given  for  the  first  time  in 
London.  In  1879  he  was  appointed  organist 
of  St.  John's,  Waterloo  Road,  where  he  or- 
ganised the  series  of  recitals  and  oratorio 
performances  that  became  famous.  In  189S 
he  resigned  that  post  for  the  parish  church 
(St.  James's),  of  Paddington,  where  he  is  still 
in  office.  He  is  A.R.C.O.  and  Professor  at 
the  London  Academy  of  Music.  He  has 
written  a  Sonata  for  organ  and  trombone, 
performed  at  St.  John's,  February,  1884; 
Concert  allegro  for  organ.  A  setting  of  Psalm 
84,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  organ,  was  produced 
at  the  Church  of  St.  John,  March,  1893.  A 
morning  and  evening  Service  in  D  is  pub- 
lished. 

Darwall,  Rev.  John,  clergyman  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Haughton,  Stafford- 
shire, in  January,  1731.  He  was  educated  at 
Manchester  and  Oxford,  where  he  graduated 
in  1756.  In  1769  he  became  vicar  of  Walsall, 
and  died  there  December  18,  1789.  He  com- 
posed the  Psalm  tune,  •'  Darwall's  "  and  many 
others  not  so  well  known. 

Dauney,  William,  musician  and  anti- 
quary, born  at  Aberdeen,  October  27,  1800. 
Educated  at  Dulwich  and  Edinburgh  Uni- 
versity. Called  to  the  Scottish  Bar,  1823. 
Solicitor-General  for  British  Guiana,  at  Deme- 
rara,  1838.  He  died  at  Georgetown,  Demerara, 
July  28,  1843. 

Work. — Ancient  Scottish  Melodies  from  a 
manuscript  of  the  reign  of  King  James  VI., 
with  Introductory  Inquiry  (Skene  Manu- 
script), Edinburgh,  1838. 

In  the  preface  to  this  work,  Dauney  covers 
an  amount  of  ground  previously  unattempted 
either  by  Tytler,  Ritson,  or  Stenhouse,  and 
displays  much  judgment  and  learning  in  the 
general  handling  of  his  subject. 

Davenport,  Francis  William,  composer, 
born  at  Wilderslow,  near  Derby,  1847.  Edu- 
cated at  University  College,  Oxford.  Pupil 
of  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren,  whose  son-in-law  he 
afterwards  became.  Appointed  Professor  of 
Harmony  and  Composition,  R.A.M.,  1879, 
and  subsequently  elected  an  Honorary  Mem- 
ber of  the  same.  He  is  also  a  Professor  at 
the  Guildhall  School  of  Music.  His  compos- 
itions number  two  Symphonies-  in  D  minor 
and  G,  the  first  winning  the  prize  in  the 
Symphony  Competition  at  the  Alexandra 
Palace,  1876.  Also  an  overture,  "  Twelfth 
Night,"  produced  at  the  Viard-Louis  Concerts, 
St.  James's  Hall,  February  18,  1879 ;  and  a 
prelude  and  fugue  for  orchestra,  performed 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  November  1,  1879. 
His  other  works  include  a  trio  in  B  flat,  op. 
5,  for  pf.  and  strings  (Monday  Popular  Con- 
certs, January  31,  1881) ;  six  pieces  for  pf. 
and  violoncello ;  French  songs,  for  children ; 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


117 


DAVENPORT. 

songs  and  part-songs.  Author  of  "  Elements 
of  Music  "  (Longman,  1884) ;  "  Elements  of 
Harmony  and  Counterpoint"  (Longman, 
1886) ;  "  A  Guide  for  Pianoforte  Students " 
(jointly  with  Percy  Baker),  Longman,  1891. 

Davenport,  Uriah,  composer  and  writer 
of  the  latter  part  of  last  century,  and  teacher 
in  London,  compiler  of  "The  Psalm-Singer's 
Pocket  Companion,  containing  a  new  intro- 
duction, with  such  directions  for  singing,  as 
is  proper  and  necessary  for  learners,"  London, 
1755  ;  2nd  ed.  1758  ;  3rd  ed.  1785. 

Davey,  Henry,  pianist  and  writer  on 
music,  born  at  Brighton,  November  29,  1853. 
He  acquired  the  first  rudiments  of  music 
through  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  method;  and  studied 
for  three  years  at  the  Conservatorium,  Leipzig. 
Resident  in  Brighton  as  teacher.  He  is  a 
Scholar,  and  his  work  is  not  confined  to 
music,  as  he  is  librarian  of  the  Brighton  and 
Sussex  Natural  History  Society,  and  active 
in  other  ways.  He  is  author  of  "  The  Stud- 
ents' Musical  History,"  Lond.,  Curwen  [1891] ; 
"History  of  English  Music,"  1895;  and  has 
contributed  articles  to  the  "  Dictionary  of 
National  Biography,"  and  to  the  musical 
press. 

Davidson,  Peter,  Scottish  violinist  and 
writer,  was  born  about  1834.  Author  of  "  The 
Violin :  a  concise  exposition  of  the  general 
principles  of  construction,  theoretically  and 
practically  treated,"  Glasgow,  1871.  Second 
•edition,  London,  1880,  with  lives  of  the 
most  eminent  artists  and  dictionary  of  violin 
makers,  and  lists  of  violin  salefc.  In  1886 
Davidson  went  to  America.  He  is  reputed  to 
have  dabbled  in  occult  science  and  to  have 
made  niagic  mirrors. 

Davidson,  Thomas,  Scottish  musician  of 
the  17th  century,  was  appointed  teacher  in 
the  Music  (or  Song)  School,  Aberdeen,  in  1640. 
This  position  he  must  have  held  till  far  on  in 
the  century,  as  we  find  from  the  Burgh  Records 
of  Aberdeen,  that  on  January  16,  1666,  he 
received  an  augmentation  of  his  salary,  making 
it  250  merks.  He  is  chiefly  celebrated  as  the 
editor  of  "  Cantus,  Songs,  and  Fancies.  To 
Thre,  Foure,  or  Five  partes,  both  apt  for 
voices  and  viols.  With  a  brief  Introduction 
of  Musick,  as  is  taught  by  the  Musick-Schole 
of  Aberdene,  by  T.  D.,  Mr.  of  Musick,"  Aber- 
deen, printed  by  John  Forbes,  1662.  Second 
edit.,  1666.  Third  edit.,  1682.  Reprint,  New 
Club  Series,  Paisle}',  1879.  The  three  editions 
of  the  "Cantus"  differ  slightly  in  respect  of 
several  omissions  and,  insertions  It  was  the 
first  secular  music-book  published  in  Scotland, 
and  consists  chiefly  of  English  and  foreign 
melodies,  some  by  Gastoldi,  or  imitations  of 
them,  arranged.  All  these  editions  are  ex- 
tremely scarce  and  valuable. 

Davie,  James,  violinist,  flute-player,  and 
•composer,  born  about  1783.     He  resided  in 


DAVIES. 

Aberdeen  as  a  teacher,  and  member  of  the 
Aberdeen  theatre  orchestra.  He  was  choir- 
master of  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Aberdeen, 
and  conductor  of  Aberdeen  Choral  Society. 
He  died  at  Aberdeen,  November  19,  1857. 

Works.— Music  of  the  Church  of  Scotland, 
being  a  numerous  selection  of  Psalm  and 
Hymn  Tunes,  Ancient  and  Modern,  in  Four 
Vocal  Parts,  with  an  Instrumental  Accom- 
paniment ...  To  which  are  prefixed  Re- 
marks on  Church  Music,  etc.,  Aberdeen,  8vo., 
[1841].  The  Chorister  .  .  .  Psalm  and  hymn 
tunes  .  .  .  arranged  in  four  parts,  Aberdeen, 
n.d.  A  Compendious  Introduction  to  the  Art 
of  Singing,  comprising  the  most  useful  scales 
and  examples,  Aberdeen,  n.d.  The  Vocal 
Harmonist,  a  Collection  of  Duets,  Trios, 
Glees,  etc.,  n.d.  Caledonian  Repository  of  the 
most  favourite  Scottish  slow  airs,  Marches, 
Strathspeys,  Reels,  Jigs,  Hornpipes,  etc.,  ex- 
pressly adapted  for  the  Violin.  Aberdeen  and 
Edinburgh,  8vo.,  about  1829-30  [six  books]. 
Scales  for  the  Voice.     Songs,  etc. 

Davies,  Ben,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at  Pon- 
tardawe,  near  Swansea,  in  1858.  Gaining  a 
reputation  locally,  he  decided  upon  his  pro- 
fession, and  entered  the  R.A.Sl.,  studying 
under  Randegger.  In  1880,  he  won  the  Evill 
prize  for  declamatory  singing,  and  was  elected 
an  Associate.  He  joined  the  Carl  Rosa  Com- 
pany, and  made  his  operatic  debut  at  Her 
Majesty's  Theatre,  as  Thaddeus,  in  "The 
Bohemian  Girl;"  sang  for  a  long  period  in 
Cellier's  "  Dorothy  ;"  in  the  title  part  in  Sul- 
livan's "  Ivanhoe  "  on  its  production  ;  and  in 
Augustus  Harris's  Company,  1892.  He  first 
appeared  at  a  Festival,  at  Cardiff,  1892,  in 
Dvorak's  Stahat  Mater  ;  sang  at  the  Norwich 
Festivals  of  1893-96 ;  Leeds,  1895  ;  and  Bris- 
tol, 1896.  Sang  with  great  success  in  Chicago, 
1893,  and  Berlin,  1894  ;  as  well  as  at  all  im- 
portant concerts  in  the  United  Kingdom, 
standing  in  the  first  rank  of  artists.  In  1885, 
he  married  Miss  Cdara  Perry,  a  soprano 
singer,  who  was  for  some  time  a  member  of 
the  Carl  Rosa  Company.  She  sang  in  the 
provinces  at  first,  and  appeared  in  London  as 
Arline,  March  27,  1883,  at  Drury  Lane. 

Davies,  Cecilia,  vocalist,  born  in  1752 
[1740] .  Travelled  in  France  and  Italy,  and 
sang  with  success.  Debut  in  London,  1773, 
in  Sacchini's  "  Lucio  Vero."  Sang  in  London 
and  on  Continent,  till  1791.  She  died  at 
London,  July  3,  1836.  Her  sister  Marianne 
(born  1736,  died  1792),  was  an  harmonica- 
player,  and  appeared  with  her  sister  in  public. 
She  was  a  skilful  performer  on  her  instrument. 

Davies,  Clara  Novello,  pianist,  con- 
ductor and  teacher,  born  at  Cardiff,  April  7, 
1861.  Daughter  of  Jacob  Davies  (noticed 
below),  by  whom  she  was  principally  taught. 
Began  as  accompanist  and  teacher  of  the 
pianoforte.     About  1884  she  formed  a  ladies' 


118 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


DAVIES. 

choir,  and  gave  concerts  at  Cardiff  for  some 
years.  The  reputation  of  the  choir  rising, 
tours  were  undertaken,  and  performances 
given  in  London,  from  1890;  in  Birmingham, 

1892  ;  and  on  tour  with  Madame  Patti.     In 

1893  Madame  Davies  took  her  choir  to  Chicago, 
and  won  the  gold  medal  in  the  competition  for 
ladies'  voices.  On  her  return  she  was,  with 
her  choir,  commanded  to  sing  before  the 
Queen,  at  Osborne,  February,  1894.  She  is 
the  head  of  a  Music  Institute  aC  Cardiff.  In 
1882,  she  married  Mr.  David  Davies,  of  Cardiff. 

Her  father,  Jacob  Davies,  born  at  St.  Fa- 
gans,  in  1840,  is  a  well  known  musician  and 
conductor.  The  Blue  Ribbon  Choir  became 
famous  under  his  direction,  and  won  many 
prizes.  He  now  conducts  the  Cardiff  Glee 
Society,  and  is  resident  in  that  town. 

Davies,  David  Ffrangcon,  baritone  vo- 
calist, born  at  Bethesda,  Carnarvonshire, 
December  11,  1860.  He  received  his  first 
musical  instruction  from  his  father,  an  ama- 
teur ;  but  he  was  originally  intended  for 
another  profession,  and  educated  at  Oxford, 
graduating  B.A.  and  M.A.  Deciding  to  be- 
come a  singer,  he  entered  the  Guildhall  School 
of  Music,  and  studied  under  Richard  Latter, 
afterwards  becoming  a  pupil  of  W.  Shake- 
speare. He  made  his  first  appearance  in 
January,  1890,  at  Mr.  De  Jong's  concerts, 
in  Manchester;  sang  in  the  title-part,  in 
"  Elijah,"  at  the  Hovingham  (Yorks.)  Festival 
the  following  October  ;  at  the  Monday  Popular 
Concerts,  November  3 ;  and  in  the  "  Messiah," 
at  Birmingham,  December  2G.  His  Festival 
dJbut  was  at  Hanley,  in  October,  1893,  where 
he  was  engaged  again,  1896 ;  and  he  sang  at 
the  Cardiff  Festival  of  1895.  In  opera  he  has 
appeared  at  times  from  1890,  in  "  Faust," 
"  Lohengrin,"  &c.,  and  created  the  part  of 
Cedric  in  Sullivan's  "  Ivanhoe."  In  the  Spring 
of  1896  he  toured  with  great  success  in  the 
United  States ;  and  as  an  oratorio  singer, 
especially,  now  occupies  a  foremost  position. 

Davies,  Fanny,  pianist,  though  born  in 
Guernsey,  June  27,  1861,  is  connected  with 
Birmingham  by  family  and  early  residence. 
Her  first  teachers  were  Miss  Welchman, 
Charles  E.  Flavell,  and  A.  R.  Gaul  (harmony), 
all  of  Birmingham.  Studied  at  Leipzig, 1882-3, 
under  Reiuecke,  Oscar  Paul,  and  Jadassohn  ; 
at  Frankfort,  1883-5,  with  Madame  Schumann 
and  Bernhard  Scholz.  She  made  her  first 
appearance,  on  her  return  to  England,  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  Concerts,  October  17,  1885, 
playing  the  solo  part  in  Beethoven's  concerto 
in  G ;  on  November  16,  she  played  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts ;  at  the  Saturday 
Concerts,  November  28.  She  then  played  at 
Manchester,  Glasgow,  and  other  places, making 
her  Birmingham  debut,  March  30, 1886,  since 
which  time  she  has  annually  given  a  i-ecital, 
or  concert,  with  Joachim  and  Piatti,  in  that 


DAVIES. 

city.  She  played  at  the  Philharmonic  Con- 
certs, April  15,  1886,  choosing  Bennett's  con- 
certo in  C  minor ;  and  has  given  recitals  in 
London  and  many  places.  She  has  played  in 
the  old  and  new  Gewandhaus,  Leipzig,  1887-8 ;. 
at  Berlin,  and  Rome,  1890,  and  before  several 
reigning  Sovereigns  ;  and  has  achieved  a  high 
position,  being  regarded  as  a  specially  fine 
interpreter  of  the  music  of  Schumann. 

Davies,  H.  Walford,  composer,  studied 
at  R.C.M.,  and  while  there  produced  a  num- 
ber of  important  works.  He  has  written  a^ 
Symphony,  produced  at  the  Crystal  Palace,. 
October,  1895 ;  an  overture ,  quartets,  for 
strings,  and  pf.  and  strings ;  sonata,  for  pf. 
and  violin.  Also  a  choral  ballad,  "  Herv6 
Riel,"  poem  by  Browning.  In  1894,  he  won 
the  Bristol  Orpheus  Society's  prize  with  his 
glee,  "The  Sturdy  Rock,"  and  he  has  written 
other  vocal  music.  In  1895  he  was  appointed 
a  Professor  at  the  R.C.M. 

Davies,  Hugh,  organist  and  composer  of 
early  part  of  the  17th  century.  He  was 
organist  of  Hereford  Cathedral,  and  in  1623 
he  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford.  He  died 
about  1644.  Composer  of  Church  music,  none 
of  which  has  been  preserved. 

Davies,  Llewela,  pianist  and  composer,, 
born  at  Brecon,  South  Wales.  Gained  ad- 
mission to  the  R.A.IM.,  1887,  by  winning  the 
John  Thomas  (Welsh)  Scholarship.  Pupil  of 
Walter  Macfarren  for  pf.,  and  of  Stewart 
Macpherson  for  harmony  and  composition. 
Her  career  at  the  Academy  was  distinguished, 
and  she  took,  among  other  prizes,  the  Mac- 
farren Scholarship,  1892  ;  The  Lucas  IMedal, 
1894,  both  for  composition.  In  1893  she  was 
awarded  the  Medal  of  the  Worshipful  Com- 
pany of  Musicians.  She  appeared  as  solo 
pianist  at  the  Hereford  Festival  chamber 
concerts  in  1891,  and  1894,  and  has  played  at 
concerts  in  St.  James's  Hall,  Queen's  Hall,, 
and  the  Covent  Garden  Promenade  Concerts. 
Her  compositions  comprise  Three  sketches 
for  orche.^tra  ;  A  quartet  for  strings  ;  Sonata, 
produced  by  the  Musical  Artists'  Society, 
March,  1894,  pf.  and  violin;  and  a  number 
of  songs. 

Davies,  Miss,  see  sub  Battishill, 
Jonathan. 

Davies,  Margaret,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
at  Dowlais,  South  Wales.  Sang  in  public 
from  ten  years  of  age.  In  1886  gained  a 
Scholarship  at  R.C.M.,  and  while  a  student 
there  appeared  with  success  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  Concerts,  April  5,  1890.  She  sang  at 
the  Cardiff  Festival  in  1892 ;  has  been  heard 
at  many  of  the  best  concerts;  and  was  chosen 
for  the  part  of  Kitty  O'Toole  at  the  produc- 
tion of  Stanford's  Opera,  "  Shamus  O'Brien," 
March  2,  1896. 

Davies,  Mary,  soprano  vocalist,  born  in 
London,  of  Welsh  parents,  February  27,  1855.. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


119 


DAVIES. 

Educated  in  the  Home  and  Colonial  Schools, 
Gray's  Inn  Road.  Singing  at  Welsh  concerts 
in  London,  she  attracted  the  notice  of  Brinley 
Richards  and  Edith  Wynne,  both  of  whom 
gave  her  instruction.  She  won  the  Welsh 
Choral  Union  Scholarship  in  1873,  and  studied 
at  the  R.A.M.,  chiefly  under  Randegger, 
winning  the  Parepa-Rosa  Gold  Medal,  1876, 
and  the  Nilsson  prize,  1877.  In  1878  she 
appeared  with  success  at  the  Worcester 
Festival ;  also  sang  at  Gloucester,  1883,  and 
at  Norwich  and  Chester  Festivals.  She  sang 
in  the  first  complete  performances  in  England 
of  Berlioz'  Faust,  at  the  Halle  concerts,  Man- 
chester, March  11,  1880,  and  at  St.  James's 
Hall,  May  21.  As  a  ballad  singer  she  is  best 
known,  and  has  sung  at  the  principal  concerts 
throughout  the  country.  She  has  been  elected, 
first  an  Associate,  then  a  Fellow  of  R.A.M. 
In  1888,  she  was  married  to  Mr.  W.  Cadwaladr 
Davies,  of  the  Inner  Temple. 

Davies,  Rev.  Owen,  Eos  Llechyd, 
composer,  born  at  Llanllechid,  Bangor,  Sep- 
tember, 1828.  In  years  past  a  successful 
Eisteddfodic  competitor.  Has  devoted  his 
attention  chiefly  to  Church  music ;  and  his 
anthems  are  held  in  much  esteem.  He  has 
been  a  zealous  worker  in  the  cause  of  music 
in  Wales,  and  is  still  living. 

Davis,  Gabriel,  composer  and  vocalist, 
was  a  native  of  Bath,  where  he  was  born, 
about  1770.  He  was  choirmaster  of  a  Baptist 
Chapel  at  Portsea  early  in  the  present  century. 
Composer  of  "  Sacred  Music,  two  hymns  on 
the  nativity  of  Christ,  and  forty  psalm  tunes," 
London,  1800  ;   Ode  for  Christmas  Day,  etc. 

Davis,  Mrs.  Gabriel,  born  Marianne 
Davis,  composer  of  a  large  number  of  part- 
songs  and  songs.  She  died  at  Littlemore, 
Oxford,  July  18,  1888.  Among  her  composi- 
tions may  be  named — By  the  river  ;  Dama 
Trot ;  Dame  Wiggins  of  Lee;  King  Carnival; 
Three  Stars  ;   Zingara  ;   Four-part  songs,  etc. 

Davis,  Miss,  an  Irish  composer  of  the 
present  time,  has  written  a  large  number  of 
sacred  and  secular  songs,  duets,  etc.  Among 
her  songs  may  be  named — The  arrow  and 
the  song ;  Better  land  ;  Old  clock  on  the 
stairs  ;  Ruth  ;  Song  of  the  bell,  etc. 

Davis,  J.  D.,  composer  and  pianist,  born 
at  Edgbaston,  Birmingham,  October  22, 1867. 
Was  musical  from  childhood,  but  in  1882  was 
sent  to  Frankfort-on-the-Main  to  study  Ger- 
man, with  a  view  to  business  pursuits.  While 
there  he  entered  the  Conservatorium,  and 
had  lessons  from  Hans  von  Biilow.  In  1883, 
he  went  to  Brussels,  and  took  up  the  study  of 
music  in  earnest,  under  Zarembski,  Kufferath, 
and  Arthur  de  Greef.  Returning  to  Birming- 
ham, in  1888,  he  gave  himself  up  to  composing 
and  teaching.  His  works  include  an  opera, 
"  The  Zaporogues,"  produced  by  amateurs  at 
the  Theatre  Royal,  Birmingham,  May  7, 1895; 


DAWBER. 

Legend,  "  Hero  and  Leander,"  for  bass  solo 
and  orchestra  ;  songs  and  part  songs.  A  suite, 
overture,  and  nocturne  for  orchestra — the  last 
given  at  Mr.  Stockley's  concerts,  January, 
1892  ;  Sonatas  for  pf.  and  violin,  pf.  and  cello., 
and  pf.  solo ;  six  pieces  for  pt.  and  violin 
(Novello's  Album)  ;  two  suites  for  same  ; 
pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

Davison,  James  William,  composer  and 
writer,  born  at  London,  October  5,  1813.  He 
studied  under  W.  H.  Holmes  and  (Sir)  G.  A. 
Macfarren.  Married  Miss  Arabella  Goddard, 
1860.  Musical  critic  of  the  Times  and  Mic- 
sical  World.  He  died  at  Margate,  March  24, 
1885. 

Works. — An  Essay  on  the  Works  of  Frederic 
Chopin,  London  [1849],  n  d.  Soii(/s — Swifter 
far  than  summer's  flight ;  The  light  canoe  ; 
Poor  heart,  be  still ;  Sweet  village  bells  ;  The 
lover  to  his  mistress  ;  False  friends,  wilt  thou 
smile  or  weep  ?  Pianoforte  Music — Four 
Bagatelles  a  la  valse,  op.  4  ;  First  Sonata, 
op.  6 ;  Tarantella,  op.  7 ;  Three  Sketches, 
op.  8  ;  Romance,  op.  11.  Dramatic  Overture 
to  the  fairy  tale  of  "  Fortunatus,"  for  pf.  duet. 
Contributions  to  periodical  literature.  Con- 
tributions to  Grove's  "  Dictionary  of  Music 
and  Musicians." 

Davison,  (Mrs.  J.  W.),  See  Goddard, 
Arabella. 

Davy,  John,  composer,  was  born  at  Upton- 
Helions,  Exeter,  December  23,  1763.  Articled 
to  Jackson  of  Exeter,  1777.  Resided  in  Exeter 
as  teacher.  He  afterwards  became  a  violinist 
in  the  orchestra  of  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
and  a  teacher  and  composer  in  London.  He 
died  in  St.  Martin's  Lane,  London,  February 
22,  1824,  in  extreme  indigence,  having  out- 
lived all  his  kindred. 

Works.— Ifwsic  to  Plays,  etc. — What  a 
blunder  !  1800  ;  Perouse  (with  J.  Moorbead), 
1801  ;  Brazeu  mask,  ballet  (with  Mountain), 
1802;  Cabinet  (with  Braham),  1802  ;  Cafires, 
1802 ;  Rob  Roy,  1803  ;  Miller's  maid,  1804  ; 
Harlequin  Quicksilver,  1804  ;  Thirty  thousand 
(with  Reeve  and  Braham),  1805  ;  Spanish  dol- 
lars, 1805  ;  Harlequin's  magnet,  1805  ;  Blind 
boy,  1808 ;  Farmer's  wife,  1814 ;  Rob  Roy 
Macgregor  (new  version),  1818 ;  Woman's  will, 
a  riddle,  1820.  Overture  to  Shakespere's 
Tempest.  Six  quartets  for  voices,  in  score, 
with  figured  basses  for  the  pf.,  op.  1,  n.d. ; 
Six  madrigals  for  four  voices,  op.  13  [c.  1810]. 
Beauties  of  Handel,  6  vols.,  n.d.  Songs — Bay 
of  Biscay,  0  mighty  Bacchus,  Beggar  boy, 
Brave  marine,  Darling  Sue,  Harvest  home. 
Milkmaid,  Smuggler,  Son  of  old  Saturn,  etc. 
Single  and  double  chants,  various.  Anthem, 
Lord,  who  shall  dwell,  op.  9. 

Davy,  Richard,  composer  of  the  16th 
century,  some  of  whose  works  are  in  the 
British  Museum,  among  the  Fayrfax  MSS. 

Dawber,  James,  organist,  boru  at  Wigan, 


120 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


DAWSON. 

September  18,  1851.  Received  his  musical 
training  at  Henshaw's  Blind  Asylum,  Man- 
chester, 1864-9,  and  then  studied  under  (Sir) 
Walter  Parratt  for  two  years.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1878.  Settled  in 
Wigan  as  teacher,  organist,  and  choirmaster, 
St.  Paul's  Congregational  Church.  To  Mr. 
Dawber  is  due  the  inception  of  the  movement 
■which  resulted  in  the  formation  of  what  is 
now  known  as  ihe  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians,  and  he  was  its  first  Secretary, 
1882.  He  has  given  chamber  concerts,  and 
has  published  songs  and  part-songs. 

Dawson,  Charles,  author  of  "  Analysis 
of  Musical  Composition,  showing  the  con- 
struction of  all  Musical  pieces,  together  with 
a  concise  and  comprehensive  system  of  Har- 
mony,"' London,  1845.  "  Elements  of  Music, 
condensed  for  the  use  of  students  of  the 
pianoforte,"  London,  1844. 

Dawson,  Frederick  H.,  pianist,  born  at 
Leeds,  July  16,  1868.  At  the  age  of  five  he 
began  his  studies  under  his  father,  William 
Dawson,  a  pianist  of  repute ;  and  when  ten 
he  was  taken  to  (Sir)  Charles  Halle,  who  at 
once  recognised  his  great  ability.  Prom 
Rubinstein,  a  few  years  later,  he  also  received 
encouragement.  As  a  juvenile  prodigy,  he 
played  a  great  deal  in  public  in  the  north  ; 
but  his  first  important  engagement  was  at 
Ed.  Haddock's  concerts,  Harrogate,  in  October, 
1885.  He  appeared  at  the  Halle  Concerts, 
Manchester,  December,  1890,  and  made  his 
London  debtit  April  18,  1891,  at  a  chamber 
concert  of  Willy  Hess.  Gave  recitals  at 
St.  James's  Hall,  1891  ;  appeared  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts,  January  8,  1893  ; 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  February  23, 1895 ;  and 
at  the  Philharmonic  Concerts,  March  20,  of 
the  same  year.  He  is  now  recognised  among 
the  leading  pianists  of  the  day. 

Dawson,  W.  H.  C,  musician,  compiled 
"  Psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  in  score,  for  four 
voices,"  n.d. 

Day,  Alfred,  physician  and  musician, 
born  at  London,  in  January,  1810,  and  died 
there  February  11,  1849.  Author  of  a 
"Treatise  on  Harmony,"  London  [1845],  n.d. 
His  work  on  harmony  advocates  many  altera- 
tions in  theory,  and  a  number  of  technical 
terms,  most  of  which  have  been  adopted  by 
Macfarren  and  others. 

Day,  Alfred  H.,  organist,  of  present  time. 
He  held  an  appointment  at  Kimberlej',  South 
Africa,  and  w-ent  thence  to  Graham's  Town, 
where  he  was  appointed  to  the  Cathedral. 
There  he  established  a  College  of  Music.  In 
1893  he  was  appointed  borough  organist,  and 
conductor  of  the  Philharmonic  Society  at 
Maritzburg,  Natal,  where  he  remains. 

Day,  Captain  C.  R.,  writer  on  music. 
Son  of  the  Rev.  Russell  Day,  of  Horstead, 
Norfolk  ;  born  in  1860.     Educated  at  Eton, 


DAY. 

and  studied  music  under  the  late  Sir  Joseph 
Barnby.  Entered  the  Oxfordshire  Light 
Infantry  (the  old  43rd)  in  1882,  and  served  in 
India  until  1887.  Was  severely  wounded  in 
the  operations  against  the  Moplas  in  1885. 
^Married,  in  1892,  Katherine,  daughter  of  Mr. 
Scott-Chad,  of  Thursford  Hall,  Norfolk.  His 
principal  works  are :  "  The  JIusic  and  ISIusical 
Instruments  of  Southern  India  and  the  Dec- 
can,"  London,  Novello,  1891  ;  and  "  A 
Descriptive  Catalogue  of  the  IMusical  Instru- 
ments recently  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Military 
Exhibition,  London,  1890"  (Eyre  and  Spottis- 
woode,  1891).  These  are  both  important  and 
valuable  books.  He  contributed  an  article  on 
African  Musical  Instruments  to  Ferryman's 
"Up  the  Niger,"  1892.  Author  of  several 
papers  and  brochures  on  National  and  Military 
Music,  read  at  meetings  of  the  Musical  Asso- 
ciation (1894),  etc.  He  was  a  Member  of  the 
English  Committee  of  the  Vienna  Inter- 
national IMusical  and  Dramatic  Exhibition 
of  1892. 

Day,  Ellen,  pianist,  born  in  London, 
;March  3,  1828.  Studied  under  her  father, 
William  Day  (q.v-),  Henry  Westrop,  and 
Eduard  Schulz.  Her  first  appearance  was  at 
Drury  Lane  Theatre,  in  1836,  when  she  played 
a  fantasia  by  Hiinten,  with  orchestra,  Mori 
leading.  In  1838  she  played  at  a  concert 
given  by  Thomas  Baker,  violinist,  in  Windsor 
Town  Hall ;  and  the  next  evening  played,  by 
command,  before  the  Queen  at  Windsor 
Castle.  The  same  year  she  played  in  London 
with  Teresa  MilauoUo,  in  June.  Then,  for 
some  years,  she  api^eared  in  conjunction  with 
her  brother  John  {q.v.)  When  Mendelssohn 
was  in  London,  in  1844,  she  was  invited  to 
his  house  to  play  to  him,  and  highly  compli- 
mented by  him.  At  the  first  concert  the  two 
young  artists  gave,  June  16,  1846,  Ellen  Day 
played  a  pianoforte  duet  with  Vincent  Wallace. 
She  continued  to  play  in  public  for  many 
years,  in  London  and  the  provinces,  and  still 
retains  her  powers  of  execution.  For  about 
thirt}'  years  she  has  been  an  organist,  first  at 
St.  IMatthew's,  and  to  the  present  time  at 
Christ  Church,  Westminster.  Balfe  was  her 
staunch  friend,  and  she  was  instructor  of  his 
two  daughters  for  some  5'ears. 

Day,  John,  publisher  and  editor,  was  born 
in  St.  Peter's  parish,  Dunwich,  Suffolk,  in 
1522.  He  was  established  at  Holborn,  London, 
in  1549,  as  printer  and  publisher.  He  died  at 
Walden,  Essex,  July  23,  1584.  He  published 
Damon's  Psalmes  of  David,  in  English  meter, 
1579,  and  a  work  bearing  the  title  "  The 
Whole  Booke  of  Psalmes,  collected  into  Eng- 
lish metre  by  T.  Starnhold,  I.  Hopkins,  and 
others  ;  conferred  with  the  Ebrue,  with  apt 
notes  to  synge  therewithal,  faithfully  perused 
and  alowed  according  to  the  ordre  appointed 
in  the  Queue's  maiesties  injunctions,".... 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


121 


DAY. 

London,  1562.  In  1563  he  issued  the  first 
English  psalter  with  music  in  four  parts,  and 
in  1565  another  edition  was  issued.  The  title 
is  "  The  Whole  Psalmes,  in  foure  parts, 
■whiche  may  be  sung  to  al  musical  instru- 
mentes,  set  forth  for  the  encrease  of  vertue, 
and  abolishying  of  other  vague  and  triflying 
ballads,"  London,  1563. 

Day,  John,  composer,  who  flourished  at 
end  of  last,  and  beginning  of  the  present 
century.  Composer  of  "  Harmonica  Lyrica, 
selected  from  the  poems  of  M.  T.  Scott,  and 
adapted  for  organ  or  pianoforte,"  1820. 

Day,  John,  violinist,  brother  of  Ellen  Day 
(q.v.),  was  born  in  London,  March  7,  1830. 
Studied  under  his  father,  and  first  appeared 
at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms  in  1838.  With 
his  sister,  he  was,  early  in  the  forties,  engaged 
by  M.  Jullien,  and  they  performed  at  the 
Lyceum,  Covent  Garden,  and  on  his  provin- 
cial tours.  In  1843,  the  pair  visited  Brussels, 
and  De  Beriot  took  the  young  violinist  to  his 
home  as  a  pupil,  afterwards  passing  him  into 
his  class  at  the  Conservatoire.  On  his  return 
home  he  made  his  debut  at  the  Philharmonic 
Concerts,  June  23,  1845,  playing  two  move- 
ments of  De  Beriot's  second  concerto.  He 
played  at  the  Norwich  Festival,  in  September, 
and  at  the  second  concert  of  the  Birmingham 
Festival  Choral  Society,  October  30,  of  the 
same  year  ;  and  engagements  followed  at 
every  important  musical  centre.  He  entered 
the  Queen's  private  band  in  1847,  and  is  now 
the  senior  member.  He  was  appointed 
organist  of  New  Upton  Church,  Slough,  in 
1853 ;  of  Old  Upton  Church  shortly  after- 
wards, resigning  in  1857.  Two  years  later, 
he  went  to  All  Saints',  Fulham,  where  he 
remained  until  1869.  For  the  last  forty-five 
years  his  hobby  has  been  the  making  of 
<;opies  of  violins  by  the  old  masters.  These 
have  been  pronounced  by  competent  judges 
to  be  equal  to  the  originals.  See  •'  Violins, 
old  and  new,"  Keeves,  reprinted  from  the 
Musical  Standard. 

William  Day,  father  of  the  above,  was  a 
violinist  of  some  reputation.  He  acted  for 
many  years  as  leader  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre. 
Died  in  London,  ]March  3,  1851. 

Day,  W.,  musician,  compiler  of  ''  Sacred 
Harmony,"  Madras,  1818. 

Deacon,  Harry  Collings,  vocalist, 
teacher,  and  writer,  born  Loudon,  1822. 
He  studied  pf.  under  Cip.  Potter,  and  singing 
under  Mazzucato  the  elder.  He  lost  his  voice 
"while  he  was  studying  at  Milan,  and  he  after- 
wards resided  in  London  as  a  teacher  and 
pianist.  He  trained  Anna  Williams,  Herbert 
Thorndike,  etc.  One  of  the  contributors  to 
Grove's  "  Dictionary  of  Music."  He  died  in 
London,  February  24,  1890.  He  composed 
■"  Anacroon's  Grave,"  a  four-part  song  ;  Con- 
templation ;   Ethel ;    INIay-time ;    Only  once 


DEAKIN. 

more ;  Over  the  crisp  white  snow  ;  Sing  to 
me  ;  and  other  songs.  First  set  of  24  studies 
for  the  pf.,  London,  1864  ;  Tarantella,  for  the 
pf.,  etc. 

Deacon,  Mary  Ann,  pianist,  organist, 
and  teacher,  born  at  Leicester,  June  26,  1821. 
Began  the  study  of  music  at  the  age  of  six. 
and  in  1838  began,  at  Leicester,  her  career  as 
a  teacher,  which  was  successfully  maintained 
until  her  retirement  a  year  or  two  ago. 
Though  not  conspicuously  public.  Miss  Dea- 
con's life  has  been  one  of  consistent  usefulness 
to  I  he  cause  of  music  in  Leicester,  and  the 
locality.  For  twenty  years  she  was  organist 
at  St.  Mary's  Church,  and  officiated  for  ten 
years  at  two  Congregational  Churches.  From 
1842  onwards  she  has  appeared  as  vocalist  or 
pianist  at  many  concerts  ;  assisting  at  Mr. 
Oldershaw's  lectures ;  training  choirs  for 
oratorio  performances  ;  and  being  intimately 
associated  with  the  musical  work  of  that 
enthusiastic  amateur,  the  late  William  Gar- 
diner. In  May,  1896,  a  complimentary 
concert  was  given  to  her  by  all  the  musical 
societies  in  Leicester,  on  which  occasion  she 
played  in  a  duet  for  pf.  and  flute,  with  Mr. 
Henry  Nicholson,  a  life-long  friend  and 
colleague  in  art.  On  October  28,  1896,  she 
was  publicly  presented  with  a  portrait  of  her- 
self, and  a  sum  of  money ;  the  latter  she 
placed  in  trust  for  founding  a  "Deacon  prize" 
for  students  resident  in  Leicester. 

Deakin,  Andrew,  organist,  and  critical 
writer,  born  in  Birmingham,  April  13,  1822. 
Began  to  study  music  at  a  very  early  age, 
and,  entirely  self-taught,  became  a  creditable 
vocalist,  organist,  and  violinist.  Served  a 
strict  apprenticeship  to  the  printing  trade, 
and  printed,  in  1845,  the  Birmingham  Musical 
Examiner,  edited  by  James  Stimpson.  After 
some  years  service  as  organist  at  different 
places  of  worship,  he  was  appointed  to  the 
Church  of  the  Saviour  (founded  by  George 
Dawson,  the  great  preacher  and  lecturer),  in 
1847,  a  post  he  held  until  1878.  As  early  as 
1849  he  began  writing  musical  criticisms  for 
newspapers,  and  when  the  Birmingham  Morn- 
ing News  was  started  in  1871,  he  was  appoint- 
ed its  musical  critic.  In  1876  he  joined  the 
Birmingham  Daily  Gazette  in  a  similar 
capacity,  resigning  the  office  towards  the 
close  of  1894.  A  diligent  student  of  every- 
thing appertaining  to  music,  he  is  recognised 
as  an  authority,  and  his  services  are  much  in 
request  as  an  annotator  of  concert  pro- 
grammes. He  has  composed  hymn  tunes, 
chants,  and  anthems,  and  among  larger  works 
a  Stabat  Mater  for  solo  voices,  chorus,  and 
organ,  and  a  "  Miserere,"  have  been  performed 
at  the  Church  of  the  Saviour.  In  1846  he 
compiled  and  published  "Euphouia,"  one  of 
the  very  earliest  collections  of  music  for  non- 
conformist public  worship ;  a  work  that  exerted 


122 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


DEAN. 

more  than  a  local  influence.  A  recent  publi- 
cation is  a  "Musical  Bibliography,  a  catalogue 
of  historical  and  theoretical  works  published 
in  England,  from  the  15th  to  the  18th  centu- 
ries," Birmingham,  Stockley  and  Sabin,  1892 ; 
a  companion  work  on  a  large  scale,  dealing 
with  the  music  of  the  same  periods,  is  in 
preparation.  Mr.  Deakiu  is  also  known  as  a 
landscape  painter  and  etcher,  and  some  forty 
years  ago  his  name  was  often  seen  in  the 
catalogues  of  London  and  provincial 
exhibitions 

Dean,  J.,  author  of  "Guide  and  Self- 
Instructor  for  the  Violin,"  London,  1853. 

Oeane,  Thomas,  composer  and  organist, 
who  flourished  during  the  end  of  the  17th  and 
first  half  of  the  ISth  centuries.  He  was 
organist  at  Warwick  and  Coventry,  and  became 
Mus.  Bac.  and  Doc,  Oxon,  1731.  He  com- 
posed music  for  Oldmixon's  "Governor  of 
Cyprus,"  contributed  to  the  "Division  Vio- 
lin," and  was  the  first  to  introduce  Corelli's 
Sonatas  to  England. 

Dearie,  Edward,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Cambridge,  ^larch  2, 1806.  As  a  boy 
he  was  a  chorister  in  King's,  Trinity,  and 
St.  John's  Colleges,  Cambridge,  and  having 
studied  the  organ,  obtained  his  first  appoint- 
ment at  St.  Paul's  Deptford,  1827.  He  was 
successively  at  Blackheath  parish  church, 
1830 ;  Wisbeach  parish  church,  1832 ;  St. 
Mary's,  Warwick,  1833  ;  organist  of  the  parish 
church  and  master  of  the  song  school,  Newark, 
1835-64.  While  at  Newark  he  graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  1836,  and  Mus.  Doc,  1842,  Cam- 
bridge. In  1864  he  removed  to  Camberwell, 
where  he  continued  to  reside.  He  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  Trinity  College,  London, 
and  took  an  active  interest  in  the  welfare  of 
the  musical  profession.  An  occasional  con- 
tributor to  the  press,  he  wrote  in  1850,  a  series 
of  letters  on  organisation,  anticipating  in  a 
remarkable  manner  the  formation  of  the 
Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians.  He  died 
at  Camberwell,  London,  March  20,  1891. 

Works — Israel  in  the  Wilderness,  oratorio 
(published  1879) ;  Morning  and  evening  ser- 
vice in  F  (1832) ;  Morning  and  evening  service 
(1852  ?)  ;  A  volume  of  church  music  (1838). 
Anthem,  Turn  Thee  again.  Thou  God  of  Hosts 
(Gresham  Prize,  1837);  The  desert  shall  re- 
joice ;  Rend  your  hearts  ;  Four  anthems 
(1852),  etc.  Thirty-six  chants  (1852).  Songs 
—  Lays  of  the  heart  (1829),  etc.  Part-songs — 
Sigh  no  more,  ladies ;  Mountain  Daisy,  and 
others.     Andante  Cantabile,  organ,  etc. 

Dearnaley,  Irvine,  organist  and  con- 
ductor, born  in  the  village  of  Broadbottom, 
Chester,  September  29, 1839.  His  father  was 
a  spinner  in  a  cotton  inill,  and  was  devoted 
to  music,  helping  his  son  as  far  as  he  could. 
When  seventeen,  young  Dearnaley  obtained 
the   post   of    organist   at    Staleybridge,    and 


DEMPSTER. 

studied  under  J.  J.  Harris,  afterwards  taking 
pianoforte  lessons  from  Halle,  and  working 
at  harmony  under  H.  Hiles.  Then  he  became 
organist  of  Christ  Church,  and  of  the  parish 
church,  Ashton-under-Lyne,  from  1864.  He 
was  conductor  of  the  Gentlemen's  Glee  Club, 
and  Philharmonic  Society  in  that  town  ;  and 
in  1883,  was  made  musical  director  of  the 
Gentlemen's  Glee  Club,  Manchester.  Gave 
many  organ  recitals  in  the  district.  Com- 
posed some  anthems  and  pieces  for  the  organ. 
He  died  at  Ashton,  September  18,  1894. 

Deering,  or  Dering,  Richard,  composer 
and  organist,  born  in  Kent,  at  the  end  of  the 
16th  century.  He  was  educated  in  Italy,  and 
afterwards  became  organist  at  a  monastery  of 
English  nuns  in  Brussels,  1617.  Organi.st  to 
Henrietta  Maria,  Consort  of  Charles  I.,  1625. 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1610.     He  died  in  1630. 

Works.— Cantiones  Sacrse  quinque  vocum, 
cum  basso  continue  ad  organum,  Antwerp, 
1597 ;  Cantica  Sacrse  ad  melodiam  madri- 
galium  elaborata  senis  vocibus,  Antwerp, 
1618 ;  Cantiones  Sacrs,  1619 ;  Canzonette, 
1620.  He  also  wrote  motets,  madrigals,  etc.,. 
many  of  which  are  preserved  in  MS.  at  Ox- 
ford and  London.  He  died  in  the  Roman 
Catholic  faith.  It  is  claimed  for  Deering  that 
his  1597  Cantiones  were  the  first  works  issued 
with  a  figured  bass. 

De  Fonblanque,  Ellen,  See  sub.  Camp- 
bell, Gilbert  James. 

De  la  Fond,  John  Francis,  author  and 
teacher  of  languages  in  London  during  the 
first  half  of  last  century.  He  issued,  among 
other  works,  a  "  New  System  of  Musick,  both 
theoretical  and  practical,  and  yet  not  mathe- 
matical, written  in  a  manner  entirely  new, 
that  is  to  saj-,  in  a  style  plain  and  intelligible," 
London,  1724. 

Delany,  J.  A.,  organist  and  composer,, 
born  in  London,  1852.  Went  to  Sydney, 
Australia,  and  became  a  pupil  of  W.  J.  Cord- 
ner,  whom  he  succeeded  as  organist  of  St, 
Mary's  R.  C.  Cathedral,  a  post  he  held  1871-6. 
Then  he  went  as  chorus-master  and  pianist  to 
the  Opera  House,  Melbourne  (then  under  the 
management  of  W.  S.  Lyster,  who  died  in 
1880),  where  he  remained  some  years.  In 
1882  he  was  appointed  choir-master  of  St. 
Mary's  Cathedral,  Sydney,  and  three  years 
later  succeeded  ilax  Vogrich  as  conductor  of 
the  Sydney  Liedertafel,  which  positions  he 
still  holds.  For  St.  INIary's  Cathedral  he  has 
composed  Masses  in  F,  and  A  flat ;  and  has 
also  composed  a  Cantata,  "  Captain  Cook," 
and  other  works. 

Dempster,  William  Richardson,  com- 
poser, born  at  Keith,  BauSshire,  in  1808 ; 
died  at  London,  ]March  7, 1871.  He  composed 
a  number  of  part-songs  and  pf.  pieces  ;  also 
Songs  :  Bird  of  the  wilderness  ;  BUnd  boy  ; 
Come  o'er  the  mountain  to  me ;    Doubting. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


123 


DENNIS. 

heart ;  May  queen ;  My  love  Annie ;  Songs  in 
the  Idylls  of  the  King,  Tennyson  [1864] . 

Dennis,  John,  writer  and  musician,  bom 
at  London  in  1657.  He  studied  at  Cambridge, 
and  afterwards  travelled  in  France  and  Italy. 
He  died  on  January  6th,  1733.  Author  of 
"  An  Essay  on  the  Italian  Opera,"  London, 
1706. 

Derham,  William,  English  writer,  was 
bom  in  1657,  and  died  in  1735.  Author  of, 
among  other  works,  the  following,  "The  Arti- 
ficial Clock-maker . .  shewing . .  the  way  to  alter 
clock-work,  to  make  chimes  and  set  them,  to 
musical  notes,"  London,  1696  [other  editions]. 

Dering,  see  Deering. 

D'Este,  John,  musician  and  writer, 
author  of  "  Music  made  easy,  the  Rudiments 
of  Music,"  London,  1849;  "The  Vocalist's 
Vade  Mecum,  or  Pocket  Companion,  Practical 
Hints  on  Singing,"  etc.,  London,  1872. 

Deval,  Harry,  writer  and  composer, 
author  of  "  The  Art  of  Vocalization,  with  com- 
plete instructions  for  the  Cultivation  of  the 
Voice,"  London,  n.d.  Composer  of  "The  Rival 
Clans,"  Opera,  Newcastle,  1846,  and  of  music 
to  "A  Midsummer  night's  dream,"  Newcastle, 
1846. 

Dewar,  Daniel,  Scottish  clergj-man  and 
author  of  the  end  of  last  and  beginning  of  the 
present  century.  He  was  professor  of  moral 
philosophy  in  Aberdeen  University.  He  wrote 
"  Observations  on  the  character,  customs, 
superstitions,  music,  poetry,  and  language  of 
the  Irish,"  London,  1812,  2  vols. 

Dewar,  James,  composer,  conductor,  and 
violinist,  born  at  Edinburgh,  July  26,  1793. 
Deputy-leader  in  Theatre  Rcyal,  Edinburgh, 
1807,  and  afterwards  musical  director.  Organ- 
ist of  St.  George's  Episcopal  Church,  1815-35. 
Conductor  of  Edinburgh  Musical  Association. 
He  died  at  Edinburgh,  January  4,  1846. 
Dewar  is  famous  for  his  arrangements  of 
Scottish  airs  for  the  orchestra,  a  pf.  edition 
of  which  was  published  about  1850.  His  work 
with  the  title,  "  Popular  National  Melodies 
adapted  for  the  Pianoforte,"  Edinburgh,  1826, 
had  a  large  circulation.  He  composed  also 
a  few  part-songs  and  other  \ocal  pieces,  and 
edited  "The  Border  Garland,  Poetry  by 
Hogg,"  [c.  1829].  His  brother  John  was  also 
a  composer. 

Dewberry,  William  Charles,  organist 
and  conductor,  born  at  Cambridge,  January  16, 
1843.  Chorister  and  solo  boy  at  King's  College, 
Cambridge,  and  afterwards  assistant-organist. 
Pupil,  later,  of  Sterndale  Bennett,  C.  Lucas, 
and  W.  G.  Cusins,  and  R.A.M.  silver  medalist 
and  Associate.  Organist  of  Clare  College,  and 
St.  Edward's  Church,  Cambridge,  where  he 
is  resident  as  performer  and  teacher.  He 
graduated  ]Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1887.  He 
took  an  active  part  in  establishing  several  of 
the  college  musical  societies,  and  under  his 


DIBDIN. 

direction  the  Cambridge  Musical  Society 
attained  a  high  position,  producing  such  works 
as  Macfarren's  "  St.  John  the  Baptist,"  etc. 
As  a  Freemason  he  is  a  P.M.  of  Lodge  441, 
and  P.P.G.O.  for  the  Grand  Chapter  and 
Province  of  Cambridgeshire.  His  composi- 
tions embrace  a  setting  of  Psalm  13 ;  An 
Evening  Service  in  E  flat ;  Anthems,  chants, 
and  part-songs,  etc. 

Fredeeick  Dewberry,  his  younger  brother, 
was  born  at  Cambridge  in  1848.  Chorister  at 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  and  articled  pupil 
of  the  late  J.  L.  Hopkins.  In  1868,  elected 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  Gonville  and 
Caius  College,  retiring  in  1892.  Organist  of 
St.  Michael's,  Cambridge,  1871 ;  St.  Andrew 
the  Great,  1873,  to  the  present  time,  with  the 
exception  of  a  year,  1890-1,  at  St.  Mary's, 
Saffron  Waldon.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cam- 
bridge, 1886;  F.R.C.O.,  L.R.A.M.  In  1882 
he  was  given  the  appointment  of  organist  at 
the  Guildhall,  Cambridge,  and  is  also  organist 
to  Dr.  A.  H.  Mann's  festival  choir.  Has  given 
many  recitals.  Like  his  brother,  he  is  a 
prominent  Freemason,  holding  important 
offices  in  the  Provincial  Grand  Chapter. 

Dews,  Elizabeth,  contralto  vocalist,  born 
at  Wolverhampton.  Received  her  early 
musical  training  from  local  teachers  and 
masters  in  Birmingham.  Appeared  in  that 
city  in  "Elijah,"  in  November,  1884,  while 
still  a  young  student  Afterwards  proceeded 
to  London,  and  studied  under  W.  Shakespeare, 
and  Signor  Randegger.  She  made  her  debut 
in  St.  James's  Hall,  November  25,  1891; 
sang  at  Boosey's  baUad  concerts,  1893  ;  and 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  in  Berlioz'  "  Romeo  et 
Juliette,''^  December  15,  1894.  She  went  on 
a  tour  in  Germany  with  Madame  VaUeria, 
and  is  now  a  singer  of  established  reputation, 
being  engaged  for  such  concerts  as  those  of  the 
Birmingham  Festival  Choral  Society,  the 
Liverpool  Philharmonic,  and  societies  at 
Leeds,  Edinburgh,  Glasgow,  and  Dublin. 
Madame  Dews  sang  at  the  jubilee  performance 
of  "Elijah,"  at  the  Royal  Albert  Hall,  April 
28,  1896.  She  is  married  to  a  Scotsman, 
Mr.  D.  A.  Parker. 

Dibdin,  Charles,  composer  and  writer, 
was  born  at  Dibden,  near  Southampton  [bap- 
tized ]\Iarch  4],  1745.  He  studied  at  Win- 
chester College,  and  was  taught  music  by 
Kent  and  Fussell.  Appeared  as  an  actor  at 
Richmond  and  Birmingham.  Went  to  Lon- 
don, and  was  employed  by  Bickerstaff  as 
composer  and  singer,  1765.  Renounced  stage, 
and  commenced  giving  medley  monodramas 
in  London,  1788.  He  died  at  London,  July 
25,  1814. 

Works. — Musical  Dramas  e<c.— Shepherd's 
Artifice,  1763  ;  Love  in  the  city,  1767  ;  Damon 
and  Phillida,  1768  ;  Lionel  and  Clarissa,  1768 ; 
Padlock,  1768 ;  Maid  the  Mistress,  1769  ;  Re- 


124 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


DIBDIN. 

cruiting  Sergeant,  1769;  Ephesian  Matron, 
1769  ;  Jubilee,  1769  ;  Queen  Mab,  1769  ;  Cap- 
tive, 1769 ;  Pigmy  Revel,  1770;  Wedding  Ring  ; 
Institution  of  the  Garter,  1770 ;  Ladle,  1772  ; 
Mischance  ;  Brickdust  Man  ;  Widow  of  Ab- 
ingdon ;  Palace  of  Mirth,  1772 ;  Christmas 
Tale,  1773  ;  Trip  to  Portsmouth  ;  Deserter  ; 
Grenadier,  1773  ;  Waterman,  1774  ;  Cobbler, 
1774 ;  Quaker,  1775  ;  Two  Misers,  1775 ;  Se- 
raglio,  1776  ;  Blackamoor  ;  Metamorphoses  ; 
Razor  grinder  ;  Yo,  yea,  or  the  friendly  Tars  ; 
Old  Woman  of  eighty  ;  ]Mad  Doctor ;  She  is 
mad  for  a  Husband  ;  England  against  Italy  ; 
Fortune  Hunter  :  All's  not  gold  that  glitters, 
1776  ;  Poor  Vulcan,  1778 ;  Rose  and  Colin  ; 
Wives  Revenged  ;  Annette  and  Lubin  ;  Milk- 
maid, 1778 ;  Plymouth  in  an  uproar,  1779 ; 
Chelsea  Pensioners ;  Mirror  ;  Touchstone, 
1779;  Shepherdess  of  the  Alps,  1780;  Har- 
lequin Freemason  ;  Islanders,  1780  ;  Jupiter 
and  Alcmena,  1781 ;  None  so  blind  as  those 
who  won't  see,  1782 ;  Barrier  of  Parnassus, 
1783  ;  Graces  ;  Saloon  ;  Mandarina  ;  Land 
of  simplicity  ;  Passions  ;  Statue  ;  Clump  and 
Cudden  ;  Benevolent  Tar  ;  Regions  of  Ac- 
complishment ;  Lancashire  Witches,  1783 ; 
Cestus,  1784  ;  Pandora  ;  Long  Odds  ;  Liberty 
hall,  1785 ;  Harvest  Home,  1787 ;  Loyal 
effusion,  1797.  Monodramas — Whim  of  the 
moment,  1788;  Oddities,  1789;  Wags;  Pri- 
vate Theatricals,  1791 ;  Quizzes,  1792  ;  Castles 
in  the  air,  1793;  Great  news,  1794;  Will  of 
the  wisp,  1795  ;  Christmas  gambols,  1795  ; 
General  Election,  1796  ;  Sphinx,  1797  ;  Val- 
entine's day,  1797;  King  and  Queen,  1798; 
Tour  to  the  Land's  End,  1799  ;  Tom  Wilkins, 
1799;  Cake  house,  1800;  Frisk,  1801;  Most 
votes,  1802  ;  New  Year's  Gifts  ;  Broken  Gold  ; 
Briton's  Strike  Home  ;  Datchet  Mead  ;  Com- 
modore Pennant ;  Heads  and  Tails  ;  Frolic, 
etc.  Literarxj  Musical  Works — The  Harmonic 
Preceptor,  a  Didactic  poem  in  three  parts, 
London,  1S04  ;  The  English  Pythagoras,  or 
every  man  his  own  music-master,  London, 
1808 ;  Music  epitomized,  a  School  Book  in 
which  the  whole  science  of  music  is  clearly 
explained,  London,  n.d.  Hannah  Hewitt,  or 
the  female  Crusoe,  novel,  1792  ;  Younger 
brother,  novel,  1793  ;  Musical  tour,  Sheffield, 
1788 ;  History  of  the  Stage,  London,  5  vols., 
1795  ;  Observations  on  a  Tour  through  almost 
the  whole  of  England,  and  a  considerable 
part  of  Scotland  .  .  .  London,  2  vols.,  1801 ; 
The  professional  life  of  Mr.  Dibdin,  written 
by  himself,  with  the  words  of  six  hundred 
songs  selected  from  his  works,  London,  4  vols., 
1803.  Songs,  chronologically  arranged,  with 
notes,  memoir,  etc.,  by  George  Hogarth,  1842, 
2  vols. 

Dibdin,  accordiiig  to  the  biography  prefixed 
by  his  son  Thomas  to  the  1875  edition  of  his 
songs,  wrote  over  1300  songs.  In  addition  to 
these  he  wrote  other  music  in  his  entertain- 


DICK. 

ments,  etc.,  the  gross  amount  of  music  and 
words  which  he  wrote  being  in  number  over 
3000  pieces.  Of  these,  very  few  are  now  used, 
"  The  Waterman  "  is  the  only  large  piece, 
and  "Poor  Jack"  and  "Tom  Bowling" 
almost  the  only  songs. 

Dibdin,  Charles,  Jun.,  son  of  the  above, 
poet  and  writer,  born  about  1769.  He  was 
for  some  years  part-proprietor  of  Sadlers' 
Wells  Theatre,  London,  and  wrote,  among 
other  pieces,  the  "  Farmer's  wife,"  "  My 
spouse  and  I,"  and  a  number  of  Burlettas, 
Pantomimes,  Songs,  etc.  He  died  at  London, 
January  13,  1833. 

Dibdin,  Henry  Edward,  musician  and 
comj)iler,  born  in  London,  September  8, 1813. 
Grandson  of  Charles  Dibdin.  He  studied 
under  his  sister,  Mrs.  Tonua,  and  Bochsa,  the 
harpist.  From  1833  he  resided  at  ^lorning- 
side,  Edinburgh,  as  a  teacher;  and  he  also 
washon.organistofTrinityChapel,  Edinburgh. 
He  died  at  Edinburgh,  May  6,  1866. 

W^ORKS. — The  Standard  Psalm-Tune  Book, 
containing  upwards  of  600  specimens,  com- 
piled from  the  original  editions  . .  London 
[1851] ;  Reid's  Praise  Book,  1868,  harmonised ; 
Collection  of  Church  Music,  consisting  of 
chants,  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  etc.,  1843, 
edited  with  J.  T.  Surenne. 

His  sons,  Edward  Rimb.\clt  Verb  (Edin- 
burgh, August  25,  1853),  and  James  Robert 
William  (Edinburgh,  December  9,  1856),  are 
both  musicians.  The  former  has  composed 
some  songs  and  part-songs,  and  the  latter  is 
perhaps  best  known  by  his  "  Annals  of  the 
Edinburgh  stage,"  1888.  His  wife,  bom 
Isabella  Perkins  Palmer,  was  born  at 
Southwold,  Suffolk,  January  19,  1828.  She 
was  married  in  1846.  She  composed  a  few 
hymn  tunes,  and  was  a  good  soprano  vocalist. 
His  sister,  Mary  Axxe  Dibdin,  born  about 
1800,  was  a  harpist,  and  studied  under  Chal- 
loner  and  Bochsa.  In  1824  she  became 
assistant  teacher  of  the  harp  at  the  R.A.M. 
She  married  ^Ir.  Tonna. 

Dibdin,  Thomas  John,  dramatist  and 
musician,  son  of  Charles,  senr.,  born,  London, 
March  21,  1771.  He  was  an  actor  and  dram- 
atic author,  and  appeared  in  the  provinces 
and  at  Sadler's  Wells  Theatre,  and  Covent 
Garden  Theatre,  London.  He  was  joint  pro- 
prietor of  Sadler's  Wells  Theatre  from  1802, 
and  died  at  Clerkenwell,  London,  September 
16,  1841. 

Works. — Numerous  dramatic  pieces,  pro- 
duced at  Sadler's  Wells,  and  elsewhere.  The 
Cabinet,  an  opera.  Songs  in  the  collection 
entitled  "Lays  of  the  last  three  Dibdins." 
Reminiscences  of  Thomas  Dibdin  of  Covent 
Garden,"  etc.,  London,  1827,  2  vols. 

Dick,  Charles  George  Cotsford,  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  September  1,  1846. 
Educated  at   Oxford,   and   prepared  for  the 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


125 


DICKONS. 

Bar,  but  obliged,  from  ill-health,  to  give  it  up. 

Works. — Operettas :  Our  doll's  house  (Ger- 
man Reed,  1876) ;  Our  new  doll's  house  (the 
same,  1877) ;  Back  from  India  (1879) ;  Doctor 
D,  comic  opera  (Royalty  Theatre,  1885) ;  The 
Baroness  (the  same,  1892).  A  Children's 
Opera,  A  Fairy  Wedding,  in  six  parts,  for  pf. 
The  Waif  (play,  adapted  from  the  French, 
Haymarket  Theatre,  May,  1892).  Songs: 
DoUy  Varden  ;  Olivia  ;  Golden  wedding  song ; 
Three  songs,  etc.  Pf .  pieces :  Fireside  fan- 
cies, six  pieces ;  Toccata ;  December  and 
May ;  Belinda  Gavotte  ;  Deux  Melodies  ;  etc. 
Author  of  a  volmiie  of  verse :  The  Way  of  the 
World  (London,  Redway,  1896). 

Dickons,  Maria,  born  Poole,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  at  London  about  1770.  She 
studied  under  Rauzzini,  at  Bath,  and  first 
appeared  at  Vauxhall  in  1783.  She  appeared 
at  Covent  Garden  in  1793,  and  sang  regularly 
at  the  Ancient  (from  1792)  and  Vocal  concerts, 
and  in  the  principal  provincial  towns.  In 
1800  she  married  Mr.  Dickons,  and  retired  for 
a  time,  but  she  resumed  public  singing  again 
in  London  in  1806,  and  afterwards  appeared 
at  Paris,  1816,  Venice,  etc.  She  was  made  a 
member  of  the  Instituto  Filarmonico,  Venice. 
She  appeared  for  a  short  time  in  London  in 
1819,  but  retired  soon  afterwards,  and  died 
May  4,  1833. 

Dickson,  Ellen,  "  Dolores,"  composer, 
daughter  of  General  Sir  Alex.  Dickson,  was 
boru  at  Woolwich,  in  1819.  She  resided 
during  her  life-time  chiefly  at  Lyndhurst,  in 
the  New  Forest,  having  been  an  invalid  from 
youth.  She  became  known  in  her  district  for 
many  charitable  actions.  She  died  at  Lynd 
hurst,  July  4,  1878. 

Works. — Songs  :  Clear  and  cool ;  Destiny  ; 
Goldilocks  ;  The  land  of  long  ago  ;  0  my  lost 
love ;  Pack  clouds  away ;  The  racing  river  ; 
She  walked  beside  me  ;  Tell  her  not  when  I 
am  gone  ;  Unchanged,  etc. 

These  songs  acquired  a  considerable  amount 
of  popularity  in  their  day,  and  some  of  them 
are  even  now  in  vogue. 

Dickson,  Rev.  William  Edward,  clergy- 
man and  writer,  born  at  Richmond,  Yorkshire, 
1828.  B. A.,  Cantab.,  1846;  M. A.  1851.  Or- 
dained 1846.  Precentor  of  Ely  Cathedral, 
1858. 

Works.  —  Singing  in  Parish  Churches, 
1858  ;  Cathedral  Choirs,  1877  ;  Practical 
Organ  Building,  London,  1881  ;  Fifty  years 
of  Church  ]\Iusic,  Ely,   1895. 

Diemer,  Philip  Henry,  composer,  pianist 
and  organist,  born  at  Bedford,  July  18,  1839. 
Of  German  extraction,  and  cousin  of  the 
distinguished  pianist,  Louis  Diemer,  of  Paris. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.,  pianoforte,  under  W.  H. 
Holmes,  and  harmony  with  G.  A.  Macfarren. 
Elected  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic  Society 
1882,     Has  been  organist  and  choirmaster  of 


DISTIN. 

Holy  Trinity,  Bedford,  for  more  than  thirty 
years,  and  has  directed  musical  services  there 
when  Bach's  "  Passion,"  and  other  oratorios 
have  been  given  with  orchestra.  Director  of 
Music  at  Bedford  Grammar  School  for  over 
thirty-five  years.  In  1866,  founded  the  Bed- 
ford Musical  Society,  which  gives  four  concerts 
annually  ;  at  the  100th  concert  he  was  pub- 
licly presented  with  a  testimonial.  For  ten 
years  he  gave  a  short  season  of  chamber  con- 
certs, at  which  he  appeared  as  pianist 

Works.  -  Cantatas :  Thoughts  of  home, 
treble  voices  (1867)  ;  Bethany,  Bedford,  1881, 
and,  later,  in  London,  many  other  places,  and 
some  of  the  Colonies ;  Alcestis  (written  for 
25th  annual  concert  of  the  Grammar  School). 
Farewell,  and  a  Jubilee  Ode  (both  with  or- 
chestra). Collection  of  original  hymn-tunes  ;. 
anthems  ;  Songs  and  part-songs  ;  Pf.  pieces, 
etc. 

Dignum,  Charles,  tenor  vocalist,  was 
born  at  Rotherhithe,  London,  in  1765.  Chor- 
ister in  chapel  of  Sardinian  ambassador,  Lon- 
don. He  studied  music  under  Samuel  Webbe, 
and  worked  for  a  time  as  carver  and  gilder. 
Articled  to  T.  Lin  ley  for  seven  years.  Debut 
as  Meadows  in  "Love  in  a  Village,"  1781. 
Sang  afterwards  at  Vauxhall,  Hayir.arket 
Theatre,  etc.  He  died  at  London,  March  29, 
1827. 

Dignum,  who  was  usually  regarded  as  the 
successor  of  Beard,  composed  a  number  of 
songs,  and  published  a  collection  of  "Vocal 
Music,  consisting  of  songs,  duets,  and  glees," 
London  [c.  1810] ,  with  portrait.  He  was 
most  successful  as  a  singer  of  English  ballads. 
Among  his  single  songs  may  be  named  Maid 
of  the  rock  ;  Neglected  Tar ;  Poor  Recruit ; 
Soldier's  consolation  ;  Sweet  Jane  ;  William 
of  Allerton  Green,  etc. 

Ding,  Lawrence,  musician  and  publisher,, 
who  was  engaged  in  business  in  Edinburgh, 
and  died  there  in  October,  1800.  He  pub- 
lished "  The  Songster's  Favourite,  or  a  new 
collection  containing  40  of  the  most  cele- 
brated songs,  duets,  trios,  etc.,"  Edinburgh, 
n.d.  "  The  Anacreontic  Museum,"  Edin- 
burgh, n.d.,  etc. 

Distin,  Theodore,  composer  and  singer, 
born  at  Brighton,  in  1823.  Son  of  John 
Distin  (1798-1863),  a  celebrated  trumpet- 
player  and  inventor  of  the  keyed  bugle, 
under  whom  he  studied.  His  father  having 
organized  a  band,  composed  of  members  of 
the  family,  Theodore  played  the  French  horn 
in  it,  and  travelled  with  it  from  1836  to  1844. 
Afterwards  he  studied  singing  under  T.  Cooke 
and  Negri  and  became  a  baritone  singer  in 
the  Pyne  and  Harrison  Opera  Company.  He 
was  a  singer  in  Bencher's  Chapel,  Lincoln's 
Inn,  and  an  Associate  of  the  R.A.M.  He  was 
latterly  a  teacher  in  London,  and  died  on 
April  12,  1893. 


126 


BEITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


DIXON. 

Works. — Services  in  C  and  G.  Glees  and 
part-songs.  Two  masses.  Songs,  etc.  In 
1890,  he  wrote  a  madrigalian  chorus  entitled 
The  Break  of  Day.  Tutor  for  the  Balikd 
Horn  [1871].  His  father  issued  A  selection 
of  Swedish  Melodies  arranged  for  cornet,  sax- 
horn, etc.  [1847]. 

Dixon,  Rev.  E.  S.,  writer,  author  of 
"  The  Piano  Primer,  and  Instructor's 
Assistant,"  n.d. 

Dixon,  George,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Norwich,  June  5, 1820.  Chorister  Nor- 
wich Cathedral,  1827-34.  Musically  trained 
as  a  private  pupil  of  Dr.  Buck  to  1835.  Pupil 
and  assistant  organist  of  Parish  Church, 
Grantham,  1835-45.  Organist  of  the  Parish 
Church,  Ketford,  Notts.,  1845-59;  Parish 
Church,  Louth,  18.59-65;  Parish  Church, 
Grantham,  1865,  resigned,  1886.  Mus.  Bac, 
■Oxon.,  1852;  Mus.  Doc,  1858.  An  Hon.  Ex- 
aminer for  Royal  College  of  IMusic,  at  Gran- 
tham and  Lincoln.  He  died  at  Pinchley, 
June  8,   1887. 

Works. — 121st  Psalm,  for  voices  and  or- 
chestra (MS.)  Pope's  Messiah,  cantata  for 
voices  and  orchestra  (MS.)  Numerous  an- 
thems, hymns,  chants,  etc.  Songs.  He  also 
contributed  to  various  collections  of  psalms 
and  chants. 

Dixon,  J.,  musician,  author  of  "Canto 
Recitative,  or  a  system  of  English  Chant  .  .  " 
London  [1816]. 

Dixon,  William,  writer,  teacher,  and 
music-engraver,  born  about  1760 ;  died  Lon- 
don, 1825.  He  resided  chiefly  in  Liverpool 
and  London. 

Works. — Sacred  music,  consisting  of  a  Te 
Deum  .  .  .  anthems,  psalm  tunes,  and 
hymns  .  .  .  [1790].  Euphonia  ...  62 
Psalm  and  hymn  tunes  in  four  parts  .  .  . 
for  the  congregation  of  All  Saints'  Church, 
Liverpool.  Six  glees  for  three  voices.  Mo- 
ralities :  six  glees,  Cambridge  [1800].  In- 
troduction to  singing,  containing  rules  for 
singing  at  sight    .    .    .    1795. 

Dixon,  William  Hubert,  organist  and 
■  composer,  born  at  Bishopstone,  Wilts.,  August 
1,  1846.  Organist  of  High  Church,  Kilmar- 
nock, from  1869,  and  conductor  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society  there.  His  sacred  cantata, 
"Jerusalem,"  was  produced  at  Kilmarnock, 
December,  1887 ;  he  has  also  written  some 
part  songs  and  pf.  pieces.  He  died  at  Kil- 
marnock, July  31,  1893. 

Dobson,  John,  psalmody  collector  and 
composer,  was  born  in  1814,  died,  Richmond, 
Surrey,  May  1,  1888.  He  was  an  industrious 
collector  of  psalm  and  hymn  books,  and  his 
library  was  sold  in  November,  1889,  in  492 
lots,  consisting  mainly  of  collections  of 
psalmody.  He  edited  "Tunes  new  and  old," 
1864,  and  other  editions  till  1877,  of  which 
some  were  revised  by  Dr.  Gauntlett. 


DONE. 

Docker,    Frederick  Arthur  William, 

organist  and  conductor,  born  in  London, 
August  14, 1852.  Studied,  R.A.M.  Associate 
of  the  Academy.  Organist  and  choirmaster, 
St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street,  London,  where  he 
was  first  a  chorister,  then  pupil  of,  and  assist- 
ant to,  the  late  Sir  Joseph  Barnby.  When 
the  Handel  Society  was  formed,  in  1882,  he 
was  appointed  conductor;  an  office  he  held 
for  ten  years.  He  also  conducts  the  concerts 
of  the  Kyrle  Society,  succeeding  Malcolm 
I/awson  in  1886.  He  has  published  a  setting 
of  the  Te  Deura ;  O  ye  that  love  the  Lord, 
and  other  church  music  ;  part-songs,  etc. 

Dodds,  Tom  William,  organist  and 
composer,  son  of  Thomas  Dodds,  tenor  vocal- 
ist (died  1892),  was  born  at  Leeds,  September 
22,  1852.  At  nine  years  of  age  became  a 
chorister  at  Leeds  Parish  Church,  and  a  year 
later  organist  of  Headingley  Chapel.  Educa- 
ted at  Bury  Grammar  School.  Organist 
successively  of  St.  Matthew's,  Leeds,  1863-6  ; 
St.  Wilfred's  Collegiate  Chapel,  1866-72  ;  and 
of  Queen's  College,  and  St.  Clement's  Church, 
Oxford,  since  1872.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1876;  Mus.  Doc,  1887,  Oxford.  Examiner 
for  musical  degrees  in  Oxford  University, 
1895.  His  compositions  comprise  an  oratorio, 
"  Hezekiah,"  a  setting  of  Psalm  8 ;  chants, 
hymn  tunes  and  pf.  pieces. 

Dodwell,  Rev.  Henry,  clergyman  and 
writer,  born  at  Dublin,  1641,  died  in  1711. 
In  addition  to  many  theological  works,  he 
wrote  "  A  Treatise  on  the  lawfulness  of  instru- 
mental Musick  in  Holy  Offices,"  ..  London, 
1700  ;  2nd  edition,  with  large  additions,  1700. 

Dod worth,  Harvey  B.,  bandmaster  and 
composer,  born  at  Sheffield  in  1822.  Inventor 
of  the  rotary  string-valve  and  bell-back 
instruments.  Settled  in  the  United  States. 
He  wrote  and  published  several  works  on 
band  instruments  and  military  band  instru- 
mentation. The  first  military  band  in  the 
U.S.  was  organised  by  Mr.  Dodworth.  He 
was  a  musician  of  sterling  worth,  and  was 
much  esteemed  in  the  United  States.  He 
died  at  New  York,  in  April,  1891. 

Dolby,  Charlotte,  see  Sainton-Dolby. 

"  Dolores."     See  Dickson  (Ellen). 

Donaldson,  John,  musician,  theorist, 
and  Professor  of  Music  in  Edinburgh  Univer- 
sity, 1845-65,  was  born  about  1790,  died  at 
Cramond,  near  Edinburgh,  August  12,  1865. 
He  was  for  some  time  previous  to  his  appoint- 
ment a  teacher  of  music  in  Glasgow,  and  had 
been  bred  to  the  law.  He  did  much  to  pro- 
mote the  interests  of  the  Chair  of  Music  in 
the  University,  and  practically  did  everything 
to  establish  the  efficiency  of  the  Chair,  by  the 
erection  of  the  music  room  and  organ,  and  by 
getting  the  rights  of  the  Music  Chair  estab- 
lished by  process  at  Law   in   1851-55. 

Done,  Joshua,  organist  and  writer,  was 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


127 


DONE. 

"born  in  London.  He  studied  at  Paris  under 
•Cherubini,  and  was  organist  successively  of 
S.  John's,  Lambeth  ;  Chelsea  Old  Church ; 
Knightsbridge  Chapel ;  and  S.  Augustine's, 
Liverpool.  He  died  at  King's  Lynn,  Novem- 
ber 2,  1848,  iu  extreme  poverty.  Author  of 
"  A  Short  Treatise  on  Harmony,  Thorough 
Bass,  and  Modulation,  including  the  compass 
and  properties  of  Musical  Instruments  in 
general."  London,  Cocks,  n.d.  "Treatise  on 
the  Organ,"  London,  1837.  "Tuner's  Com- 
panion :  a  Treatise  on  the  Construction  of 
Pianofortes,  .with  various  methods  of  Tuning 
them,"  London,  n.d.  "Selection  of  the  most 
popular,  with  many  original  Psalm  and  Hymn 
Tunes,  Chants,  etc.,"  London  [1830.] 

Done,  William,  organist  and  conductor, 
"born  at  Worcester,  1815.  Entered  the  Cathe- 
dral choir  in  1825,  and  sang  in  the  chorus  at 
the  Worcester  Festival  of  1827.  In  1839  he 
was  apprenticed  to  Charles  E.  J.  Clarke,  the 
Cathedral  Organist,  and  was  elected  his  suc- 
cessor, June,  1844.  He  conducted  the  Wor- 
cester Festival  of  1845,  and  was  associated 
with  the  meetings  of  the  Three  Choirs  until 
1890,  when  he  resigned  the  baton,  and  took 
upon  himself  the  duty  of  orchestral  steward. 
In  1894,  he  celebrated  his  jubilee  as  organist 
of  the  Cathedral,  when  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury  conferred  on  him  the  honorary 
degree  of  Doctor  of  Music.  He  was  for  many 
years  conductor  of  the  Worcester  Philhar- 
monic Society,  an  office  he  resigned  in  1884. 
He  composed  much  Church  music,  but  will 
be  more  remembered  by  the  reforms  he  insti- 
tuted in  the  Cathedral  services,  the  introduc- 
tion of  great  works  on  special  occasions,  and 
the  formation  of  a  large  voluntary  choir.  He 
died  at  Worcester,  August  17,  1895. 

Don  kin,  W.  F.,  writer  and  musician, 
M.A.,  F.R.S.,  etc.  Savilian  Professor  of  As- 
tronomy, Oxford.  Author  of  "  Acoustics, 
Theoretical."  Part  I.,  Oxford,  1870.  All 
published  of  a  work  designed  to  cover  the 
whole  range  of  the  science  of  sound. 

Doorly,  Martin  Edward,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  Demerara,  British  Guiana, 
1847.  Was  for  many  years  organist  of  the 
Cathedral,  Bridgetown,  Barbadoes,  and  con- 
ductor of  concerts  ;  also  music  master  at 
Queen's  College,  Barbadoes.  In  1891,  he  gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  Durham,  after  examination 
held  at  Codrington  College  (affiliated  to  Dur- 
ham University),  Barbadoes.  He  composed  an 
oratorio,  "  The  Raising  of  Lazarus,"  produced 
at  Marshall's  Hall,  Bridgetown,  August  24, 
1880,  and  repeated  on  the  27th,  in  St.  Leo- 
nard's Church ;  this  performance  being  con- 
ducted by  the  Lord  Bishop  of  the  diocese 
(Dr.  Mitchinson).  He  also  wrote  an  opera, 
"  Equality  ;"  A  burlesque  ;  and  published 
some  organ  pieces  and  songs.  He  died  at 
Barbadoes,  August  22,  1895. 


DORRELL. 

His  brother,  the  Rev.  W.  S.  Doorly,  was 
born  at  Upper  Park  Camp,  Jamaica,  in  1851. 
Studied  music  under  F.  Jackson,  of  Hull ; 
J.  Whomes,  of  Woolwich ;  with  Dr.  Wylde, 
and  others  at  the  London  Academy  of  Music ; 
and  Tonic  Sol-fa  with  L.  C.  Venables.  Was 
organist  of  St.lNIary's,  Bridgetown,  Barbadoes, 
1870-2  ;  appointed  organist  and  choirmaster 
of  Holy  Trinity  Cathedral,  Trinidad,  in  1872. 
Took  holy  orders  in  1877,  and  was  appointed 
Hon.  Canon  and  Precentor  of  the  Cathedral 
in  1894.  At  Port-of-Spain  he  has  been  very 
active  as  a  conductor  of  choral  and  orchestral 
societies ;  and  in  addition  to  the  Messiah, 
Elijah,  Hymn  of  Praise,  and  such  established 
compositions,  has  brought  forward  "  The 
Redemption"  (Gounod);  "Lazarus"  (M.  E. 
Doorly,  1883)  ;  "  St.  John  the  Evangelist " 
(Armes) ;  "  The  Prodigal  Son  "  (Sullivan) ; 
"  The  Crucifixion  "  (Stainer) ;  and  many  other 
important  works  for  the  first  time  in  Trinidad. 

Doran,  Rev.  John  Wilberforce,  clergj'- 
man  and  author,  born  London,  1834.  B.A., 
Cantab,  1857 ;  M.A.,  1861 ;  Ordained,  1857. 
Vicar  of  Fen  Stanton,  Huntingdonshire,  1883. 
He  has  compiled  a  large  number  of  works  for 
the  musical  service  of  the  Church  of  England, 
such  as  Choir  Directory  of  Plain  Song.  The 
Psalter  and  Canticles  arranged  for  Gregorian 
chanting.  Ritual  Music  of  the  Altar.  Choir 
Book  of  Ritual  Music  of  the  Altar.  Hyfforddwr 
av  y  Gan  Eglwysig  (Welsh  Plain-song  Di- 
rectory).    Te  Deums,  Chants,  etc. 

Dorrell,  William,  pianist,  born  in  Lon- 
don, September  5,  1810.  Son  of  Edmund 
Dorrell,  painter,  and  early  member  of  the  old 
Water  Colour  Society.  William  Dorrell 
received  his  first  lessons  from  his  eldest  sister, 
and  afterwards  entered  the  R.  A.M.,  and  studied 
under  Dr.  Crotch,  Cipriani  Potter,  and  Charles 
Lucas.  In  1844  he  went  to  Paris,  and  studied 
with  Kalkbrenner  and  Stephen  Heller.  Re- 
turning to  London,  he  was  made  a  Professor 
of  the  Pf.  at  the  R.A.M.,  an  office  he  retained 
for  over  forty  years.  Half  a  century  ago 
Mr.  Dorrell  was  known  as  a  most  skilful 
pianist,  and  he  appeared  occasionally  in 
public.  One  noticeable  concert  he  gave  at 
the  Hanover  Square  Rooms,  June  2,  1842, 
when  he  played  Bennett's  Concerto  in  E  flat. 
Mendelssohn  was  present  at  this  concert. 
His  time  was  afterwards  mainly  occupied  in 
teaching,  his  pupils  including  members  of 
many  noble  families.  Of  his  compositions 
very  little  is  known.  At  a  Matinee  d'invita- 
tion  he  gave  at  his  residence,  June  20,  1882, 
he  introduced  a  movement  from  a  Sonata  for 
pf.  and  violin,  which  he  played  with  M.  Sain- 
ton. He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Bach 
Society,  in  1849  ;  Member  of  the  Royal 
Society  of  Musicians,  and  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society.  He  died  in  London,  December  13, 
1896.    The  sister,  already  mentioned,  Jaite 


128 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


DORRINGTON. 

DoRRELL,  was  a  fine  pianist,  pupil  of  Mrs. 
Anderson,  and  Cipriani  Potter.  In  1830,  she 
played  at  the  "  Oratorios  "  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre.  She  played  Mendelssohn's  Rondo 
brilliant  in  B  minor,  at  the  concert  of  June  2, 
1842 ;  and  once  had  the  honour  of  playing  to 
Queen  Adelaide,  at  St.  James's  Palace.  She 
died  in  London,  July  19,  1883 

Dorrington,  Theoph.,  clergyman  of  the 
18th  century,  author  of  "A  Discourse  on 
Singing  in  the  Worship  of  God,"  London, 
1704. 

Dougall,  Neil,  minor  poet  a'ld  composer, 
was  born  at  Greenock,  December  9,  1776. 
Apprenticed  to  mercantile  marine  service, 
1791.  He  continued  a  seaman  till  accidentally 
wounded  while  discharging  a  cannon,  in  1794. 
Became  a  teacher  of  music,  1799.  Married 
Margaret  Donaldson,  1806.  Inn-keeper  in 
Greenock,  1824.  He  died  at  Greenock, 
October  1,  1862. 

Works.—  Poems  and  Songs, Greenock,  1854. 
Psalm  tunes :  Naples,  1801 ;  Kilmarnock, 
1823 ;  Patience ;  New  East  Church  ;  etc. 
Also  tunes  contributed  to  Stevens'  "  Sacred 
Music,"  vol.  6. 

His  daughter,  Lilly  Dougall,  was  at  one 
time  a  well-known  contralto  vocalist. 

Dow,  Daniel,  composer,  teacher,  and 
collector  of  last  century,  was  born  in  Perth- 
shire in  1732,  and  from  1765  he  resided  in 
Edinburgh  as  a  teacher,  etc.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  January  20,  1783. 

Works. — Twenty  Minuets  and  sixteen 
Reels,  or  Country  Dances  for  the  Violin, 
Harpsichord,  or  German  Flute,  Edinburgh 
[1775] .  Collection  of  Ancient  Scots  Music 
[1778] .  A  Collection  of  Ancient  Scots  Music 
for  the  Violin,  Harpsichord,  or  German  Flute, 
never  before  printed,  consisting  of  Ports, 
Salutations,  Marches  or  Pibrochs,  etc.,  Edin- 
burgh, n.d.  Thirty-seven  New  Reels  and 
Strathspeys,  for  the  Violin,  Harpsichord, 
Pianoforte,  or  German  Flute,  Edinburgh 
(N.  Stewart),  n.d.  Of  his  dances,  "  Mony- 
musk,"  a  strathspey,  is  probably  best  known. 

Dowland,  John,  composer  and  lutenist, 
born  at  Westminster,  in  1562.  He  resided  on 
the  Continent  in  1581-84,  but  returned  to 
England  and  became  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  in 
1588,  and  also  Cantab.,  in  1592.  Lutenist  to 
Charles  IV.  of  Denmark  about  1599.  Re- 
turned to  England  in  1605,  and  after  another 
period  of  residence  in  Denmark  he  finally 
settled  in  England  from  1609.  He  became 
lutenist  to  the  King  in  1625.  He  died  in 
1626. 

Works. — The  First  booke  of  Songes  or  Ayres 
of  foure  parts,  with  tablature  for  the  Lute, 
1595.  Second  booke,  do.,  1600.  Third  booke, 
do.,  1602.  LachriniiB,  or  seven  teares  figured 
in  seaven  passionate  pavans,  with  divers  other 
pavans,  galiards,  and  almauds,  set  forth  for 


DOYLE. 

the  lute,  viols,  or  violins,  in  five  parts,  1605. 
A  Pilgrim's  solace,  wherein  is  contained  mu- 
sical harmony  of  three,  four,  and  five  parts, 
to  be  sung  and  plaid  with  lute  and  viols,  161 2. 
Translation  of  Ornithoparcus,  his  Micrologus, 
or  introduction  :  containing  the  art  of  singing 
and  the  perfect  use  of  the  monochord  .  .  . 
London,  1609.  Harmonies  in  Este's  Psalms, 
etc. 

The  poetry  and  uiusic  both  in  Dowland'a 
works  are  of  an  exceptionally  high  degree  of 
excellence,  and  he  is  properly  classed  among 
the  best  musicians  of  his  time.  The  poetry, 
indeed,  is  so  good  that  Professor  Arber  has. 
reprinted  the  three  books  of  songs,  etc.  (words 
only),  in  his  valuable  series  of  classical  re- 
prints, while  the  Musical  Antiquarian  Society 
have  done  a  like  service  for  the  first  book  of 
the  same  set.  His  music  has  that  quaint, 
delightful  flavour  common  to  compositions  of 
the  16th  and  17th  centuries.  Shakespeare 
has  shown  his  preference  for  Dowland  in  the 
sonnet  commencing — 

"  If  music  and  sweet  i^oetry  agree." 

Dowland,  Robert,  composer, son  of  above, 
succeeded  his  father  as  lutenist  to  the  King, 
in  1626.  He  edited  several  musical  publica- 
tions, and  a  "  Varietie  of  Lessons,"  etc. 

Dowling,  Thomas  Barrow,  organist 
and  conductor  of  the  present  time.  Student 
and  Associate,  R.A.M.  Some  time  organist 
of  St.  Philip's,  Regent  Street,  London.  In 
1888,  appointed  organist  of  St.  George's  Cathe- 
dral, Cape  Town,  and  conductor  of  a  choral 
union.  After  four  seasons  he  amalgamated 
this  with  a  society  in  Cape  Town,  and  began 
producing  oratorios  on  a  fuller  scale.  In  1895 
he  was  invited  to  conduct  the  Orchestral 
Society  in  Cape  Town,  which  dated  back  to 
1864.  The  chief  works  of  the  great  masters, 
and  those  of  the  modern  school,  have  been 
presented  under  his  direction.  He  has  also 
developed  the  Cathedral  choir,  which  has 
given  performances  of  Llendelssohn's  "  St. 
Paul,"  and  other  great  works.  A  new  organ 
was  erected  in  the  Cathedral,  and  Mr.  Barrow 
opened  it  with  a  recital,  Nov.  4,  1890,  since 
when  he  has  given  many  public  performances 
upon  the  instrument ;  and  is  a  bu.s)-  worker 
in  the  cause  of  music  in  South  Africa. 

Downes,  Rev.  James  F.,  amateur  com- 
poser, born  in  the  West  Riding  of  York.shire, 
has  written  the  cantatas,  "  The  Parable  of  the 
ten  Virgins,"  Leeds,  1882  ;  and  "  The  Prodigal 
Son,"  1885  ;  and  some  secular  pieces.  He  is 
a  priest  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church,  and 
is  at  present  at  St.  Patrick's,  Bradford. 

Doyle,  C.  W.,  viola  player,  born  at 
Scarborough.  Educated  at  R.A.M.,  and 
elected  a  Fellow  of  that  Institution.  For 
many  years  ]\Iember  of  the  Royal  Italian 
Opera,  and  other  orchestras.  Principal  viola, 
Birmingham    Festival    orchestra,    1861-82 ; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


129 


DRIFFIELD. 

Leeds  Festival,  1874-92  ;  Worcester  Festival, 
1893.  Played  in  chamber  concerts  with  the 
Carrodus  Quartet,  1877,  etc.  Professor  in  the 
Guildhall  School  of  Music.  Ada  Doyle,  his 
daughter,  contralto  vocalist,  was  a  pupil  of 
Madame  Dolby,  and  made  her  debut  at  Bux- 
ton, in  May,  1885. 

Driffield,  Edward  Townshend,  ama- 
teur organist  and  composer,  born  at  Prescot, 
near  Liverpool,  December  10,  1851.  Organist 
of  Christ  Church,  Claughton,  Birkenhead, 
where  he  has  given  recitals,  1888-4.  He  is 
the  composer  of  a  Cantata,  "  My  soul  doth 
magnify  the  Lord  " ;  a  Sonata  in  G,  for  organ  ; 
and  some  glees,  one  of  which,  "  Come  follow 
me"  was  sung  by  the  Bristol  Orpheus  Society 
at  its  annual  concert,  February  9,  1893. 

Druitt,  Dr.  Robert,  writer,  author  of 
"  A  Popular  Tract  on  Church  Music,  with 
remarks  on  its  moral  and  political  importance, 
and  a  practical  scheme  for  its  reformation," 
Lonaon,  1845;  "Conversations  on  the  Choral 
Service,  being  an  examination  of  the  popular 
prejudices  against  Church  Music,"  London, 
1853. 

Drummond,  George,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  1798,  died  in  1839.  Blind 
from  infancy.  He  studied  under  Crotch,  and 
published  "  Parochial  Psalmody,  or  70  plain 
psalm  tunes  arranged  for  the  organ  or  piano- 
forte," n.d.  0  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord, 
Anthem. 

Drummond,  James,  musician,  was  born 
at  Cambuslang,  near  Glasgow,  in  October, 
1811.  He  was  choirmaster  of  St.  George's 
Church,  Glasgow,  from  1852  to  1875.  Well- 
known  in  Glasgow  as  a  good  musician,  He 
died  at  Glasgow,  November  18,  1883.  His 
youngest  son,  Thomas  Smith  Drummond, 
born,  Glasgow,  June  1,  1854,  is  a  pianist  and 
conductor.  He  holds  various  positions  in 
Glasgow,  and  has  composed  some  vocal  music. 

Dryden,  Henry  E.  L.,  author  of  "  On 
Church  Music,  and  the  Fittings  of  Churches 
for  Music,"  London,  1854. 

Drysdale,  F.  Learmont,  composer,  born 
in  Edinburgh,  1866.  Originally  educated  for 
an  architect,  he  turned  to  music,  and  entered 
the  R.A.M.,  winning,  in  1890,  the  Lucas 
prize  for  composition.  While  a  student  he 
produced  a  ballad  for  orchestra,  "The  Spirit 
of  the  Glen"  (1889);  Orchestral  prelude, 
"Thomas  the  Rhymer  "  (1890);  and  a  scena, 
forming  part  of  a  Cantata,  "  The  Kelpie," 
afterwards  produced  at  Edinburgh  (Paterson 
concerts),  December  17,  1894.  His  overture, 
•'  Tam  O'Shancer,"  was  awarded  a  prize  by 
the  Glasgow  Society  of  Musicians,  1891,  and 
it  was  performed  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
October  24,  of  that  year.  Another  overture, 
"Herondian,"  was  produced  by  the  Stock 
Exchange  Orchestral  Society,  April  24,  1894. 
He  has  been  selected  to  compose  the  music  to 


DUDENEY. 

the  opera  founded  on  Baring-Gould's  novel, 
"The  Red  Spider."  His  mystic  musical  play, 
"  The  Plague,"  was  produced  at  the  Lyceum 
Theatre,  Edinburgh,  in  October,  1896. 

Dubourg,  George,  writer,  grandson  of 
Matthew,  was  born  m  1799,  died  at  Maiden- 
head, April  17, 1882.  Author  of  "  The  Violin ; 
being  an  account  of  that  leading  Instrument, 
and  its  most  Eminent  Professors,"  London 
[1832]  ;  2nd  edition,  1837;  4th  edition,  1852; 
5th  edition,  1856. 

Dubourg,  Matthew,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  London  in  1703.  He 
studied  under  Geminiani.  Appeared  first  at 
Brittou's  concerts,  1715.  Composer  and 
master  of  state  music  in  Ireland,  1728.  Suc- 
ceeded Festing  as  member  of  King's  band, 
1752.  Leader  of  band  on  production  of 
Handel's  "  Messiah."  He  died  at  London, 
July  3.  1767.  He  composed  concertos,  solos, 
and  variations  for  the  violin ;  odes,  songs,  and 
other  vocal  music.  He  was  the  leading  Eng- 
lish violinist  of  his  day,  and  one  of  the  greatest 
among  his  contemporaries. 

Duchemin,  Charles  Jean  Batiste, 
pianist,  composer,  and  conductor,  born  in 
Birmingham,  May  12,  1827.  His  father  was  a 
French  naval  officer,  who  was  taken  prisoner 
during  the  war  with  Napoleon  I.  He  married 
an  English  lady,  and  settled  in  Birmingham 
as  a  teacher  of  languages.  The  son  was 
educated  at  King  Edward's  Grammar  School, 
and  his  musical  talent  developing,  he  was 
sent  to  Brussels,  where  he  studied  at  the 
Conservatoire  under  M.  Fetis.  On  his  return 
he  devoted  his  attention  to  teaching,  and  con- 
cert work,  and  was  for  many  years  a  foremost 
figure  in  musical  life  in  the  Midlands.  He 
was  organist  successively  at  St.  Peter's,  R.C. 
Church,  and  the  Oratory,  Edgbaston,  where 
he  had  the  present  Duke  of  Norfolk  as  a  pupil. 
He  conducted  the  German  Liederkranz ; 
founded  the  Edgbaston  Amateur  Musical 
Union,  an  orchestral  society  of  which  he  was 
for  nearly  twenty  years  the  conductor.  With 
two  other  artists  he  originated  chamber 
concerts  in  Birmingham,  which  he  continued 
for  some  time,  introducing  many  famous 
performers  to  the  town.  He  was  for  many 
years  local  secretary  for  Trinity  College, 
London.  His  compositions  include  several 
operettas,  and  orchestral  pieces,  which  remain 
in  MS.  Many  of  his  pf.  pieces  have  been 
published :  Tarantella  in  F  minor ;  Saltarello 
in  D  minor ;  La  Velocity  Etude,  in  octaves  ; 
Caprice  brilliante ;  Idyll  in  E  flat,  etc.  He 
has  also  composed  songs,  trios,  etc. 

Dudeney,  Thomas  James,  organist, 
composer,  and  conductor,  born  at  Mayfield, 
Sussex,  November  29,  1854.  Studied  under 
G.  A.  Macfarren.  Organist  Dunster  parish 
church  (1876) ;  St.  James's,  Taunton ;  and 
now  of  St.  Anne's,  Eastbourne.     Established 


130 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


DUFF. 

in  1875  the  Taunton  Philharmonic  Associa- 
tion, and  a  similar  one  at  Dunster,  in  1877  ; 
and  the  Washwood  Musical  Society  in  1880. 
Principal  of  the  Taunton  College  of  Music, 
1888.  He  has  given  many  concerts,  notice- 
able for  the  production  of  important  works  by 
British  composers.  He  has  written  a  cantata, 
"  Song  of  joy,"  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra  ; 
"  Who  is  Sylvia,"  eight-part  chorus,  with 
orchestra  ;  songs  and  part-songs.  Also  an 
overture,  "  Cassibelan ;  an  Elegy  (In  Memo- 
riam,  Sterndale  Bennett) ,  for  orchestra ;  String 
quartets  in  D  and  E  minor ;  organ  pieces,  etc. 

Duff,  Charles,  Scottish  collector,  was  a 
teacher  in  Dundee  about  the  beginning  of  the 
present  century,  and  a  partner  in  the  music 
and  bookselling  firm  of  Duff  and  Chalmers. 
His  partner,  James  Chalmers,  was  the  in- 
ventor of  the  adhesive  postage  stamp,  which 
did  so  much  to  make  the  establishment  of  the 
penny  post  such  a  success.  Duff  published 
"A  Collection  of  Strathspeys,  Reels,  Jiggs,etc., 
with  a  bass  for  the  violincello  or  harpsichord, 
etc."  Edinburgh,  [1790].  Duff  died  at  Dun- 
dee, about  1822. 

Archibald  Duff,  brother  of  the  above,  was 
a  dancing-master  and  composer  in  Montrose 
and  Aberdeen,  and  published  "  A  Collection  of 
Strathspeys,  Reels,  etc.,  for  the  pianoforte, 
violin,  and  violoncello,"  Edinburgh,  1794. 
"  The  first  part  of  a  choice  selection  of  Minuets, 
Dances,  etc.,"  Aberdeen,  1812.  Duff  was  a 
teacher  of  dancing  in  Aberdeen  till  1820,  and 
is  said  to  have  been  conductor  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society  before  John  Mackenzie, 
grandfather  of  Sir  A.  C.  IMackenzie. 

Dufferin,  Helen  Selina,  Lady,  was 
born  in  1807.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Thomas 
Sheridan,  and  grand-daughter  of  R.  B.  Sheri- 
dan. Her  sister  was  Caroline,  the  Hon.  Mrs. 
Norton.  In  1825  she  married  the  fourth  Baron 
Dufferin,  and,  in  1862,  was  married  a  second 
time,  to  the  Earl  of  Gifford.  She  died  on 
June  13,  1867.  She  was  mother  of  the  present 
Marquess  of  Dufferin.  Composer  of  "A  Set 
of  ten  Songs  and  two  Duets,  the  words  and 
music  by  two  sisters "  [1833] .  Also  sets  of 
twelve  and  seven  Songs  [1833-39] .  Ten  Songs 
for  contralto  or  mezzo-soprano  voice,  with  pf. 
accompaniment  [1861] .  She  also  composed 
"Terence's  farewell  to  Kathleen"  ("  So,  my 
Kathleen  !  you're  goin'  to  lave  me "),  and 
wrote  many  lyrics  set  by  Barker,  etc.  See 
further,  "  Songs,  Poems,  and  verses,  by  Helen, 
Lady  Dufferin,  edited  by  the  Marquess  of 
Dufferin  and  Ava,"  1894. 

Duggan,  Joseph  Francis,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  at  Dublin,  July  10,  1817.  He 
went  early  in  life  to  the  United  States,  and 
became  accompanist  of  the  recitatives  in  the 
Italian  Opera  at  New  York.  Afterwards  he 
became  musical  conductor  of  opera  under 
John  Wilson,  and  of  a  German  opera  com- 


DUNCAN. 

pany.  He  became  a  teacher  in  Philadelphia. 
Baltimore,  and  Washington,  and  was  principal 
of  the  Philadelphia  Musical  Institute,  1841. 
He  resided  in  Paris  as  a  pianist  and  teacher, 
1844-45,  and  afterwards  in  Edinburgh.  After- 
wards he  settled  in  London,  and  became 
musical  director  at  the  Marylebone  Theatre, 
1854,  and  later  a  professor  of  singing  at  the 
Guildhall  School  of  Music,  etc. 

Works. — Operas — Pierre,  London,  Novem- 
ber, 1853  ;  Leonie,  London,  March,  1854  ; 
The  Brides  of  Venice  (MS.);  Alfred,  Phila- 
delphia (MS.) ;  Le  Nain  Noir,  Paris  (MS.) 
Overture,  etc.,  to  As  you  like  it,  1854.  Home 
and  foreign  lyrics,  a  set  of  thirteen  songs. 
Rhythmic  tentatives,  six  songs,  Op.  1  (1879). 
Two  symphonies  in  C  and  E  fiat.  Six  string 
quartets.  Numerous  pianoforte  pieces  and 
songs.  Author  of  the  Singing-masters  assist- 
ant, a  first  series  of  vocal  exercises,  London, 
[1878]  ;  and  translator  of  Albrechtsberger's 
"Science  of  Music,"  Philadelphia,  1842  ;  and 
F6tis'  "  Counterpoint  and  Fugue." 

Dun,  Finlay,  composer  and  teacher,  was 
born  at  Aberdeen,  February  24,  1795.  He 
studied  under  Baillot,  and  at  Milan.  He 
played  first  tenor  in  the  theatre  of  San  Carlo. 
Afterwards  he  studied  singing  under  Crescen- 
tini,  and  settled  in  Edinburgh  as  violinist, 
composer,  and  teacher.  He  died,  Edinburgh, 
November  28,  1853. 

Works. — Two  Symphonies  for  full  orch. 
(MS.)  ;  Solfeggi  and  Exercises  upon  Scales, 
Intervals,  etc. . .  to  which  is  prefixed  an  Intro- 
ductory Discourse  on  Vocal  Expression,  Lon- 
don, 1829 ;  Two  prize  glees ;  The  Vocal 
Melodies  of  Scotland,  edited  with  John  Thom- 
son (Paterson) ;  Wood's  Songs  of  Scotland, 
edited  with  G.  F.  Graham,  etc. ;  Pf.  music. 
Part-songs  and  Glees :  June ;  The  Parted 
Spirit  (prize  at  Manchester  Gentlemen's  Glee 
Club),  1831 ;  She  is  coming,  trio,  etc  ;  An- 
thems, psalms,  hymns ;  Lays  from  Strathearn, 
by  the  Baroness  Nairne,  Glasgow,  n.d. 
[c.  1845-7]  ;  The  Musical  Scrap  Book,  Edin- 
burgh [1833],  2  vols.  Orain  na'h  Albain,  a 
Collection  of  Gaelic  Songs,  with  English  and 
Gaelic  words,  and  an  Appendix  containing 
Traditionary  Notes  to  many  of  the  Songs  . 
Edinburgh,  1848.  Analysis  of  Scottish 
Music,  etc. 

Duncan,  Alexander,  music-teacher  and 
vocalist,  born  about  1796.  He  was  precentor 
of  the  outer  High  Church  (now  St.  Paul's), 
Glasgow,  from  1829  to  1836.  Died  at  Spring- 
burn,  Glasgow,  March  26,  i863.  Compiler  of 
"  The  Choir,  a  collection  of  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,  adapted  to  various  measures,  .with 
copious  rudimental  instructions  in  the  art  of 
vocal  music,"  Glasgow,  1828.  For  this  work 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Wm.  Anderson  wrote  a  preface. 

Duncan,  Arthur,  violinist,  who  resided 
in   Dumfries.      Published   "  A  Collection  of 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


131 


DUNCAN. 

reels,  strathspeys,  quadrilles,  waltzes,  etc," 
Glasgow,  1852.  Of  this  we  have  only  seen 
one  part. 

Duncan,  Qideon,  author  of  the  "  True 
Presbyterian,  or  a  brief  account  of  the  new 
singing,  its  author  and  progress  in  general." 
1755. 

Duncan,  William  Edmondstoune, 
composer,  pianist,  and  organist,  born  at  Sale, 
Cheshire,  in  1866.  Showed  musical  talent 
very  early,  and  became  A.R.C.O.  at  sixteen. 
At  the  opening  of  the  K.C.M.  in  1883,  he  won 
an  open  Scholarship  for  composition,  studying 
under  Hubert  Parry,  Villiers  Stanford,  E. 
Pauer,  and  G.  C.  Martin.  He  studied,  after 
leaving  R.C.M.,  with  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren, 
and  for  ten  years  pursued  his  profession  in 
London,  during  which  time  several  of  his 
works  were  performed,  notably  a  concert 
overture  under  the  direction  of  Hamish 
McCunn,  at  Hampstead,  in  June,  1888.  He 
then  returned  to  his  native  town,  where  he  is 
chiefly  occupied  in  composition;  also  holding 
a  professorship  at  the  Oldham  College  of 
Music.  While  in  London  he  was  musical 
critic  to  a  provincial,  and  also  to  a  London 
daily  paper. 

Works. — Ye  Mariners  of  England,  ode  for 
chorus  and  orchestra,  op.  4,  produced  by  the 
Glasgow  Choral  Union,  March  4,  1890  ;  Mass 
in  F  minor,  op.  13,  compo-ed,  1892;  Perseus, 
opera  in  two  acts  (libretto  by  Professor  Mar- 
shall Hall),  1892;  Ode  to  Music  (Swinburne), 
soprano  solo,  chorus  and  orchestra,  1893 ; 
Sonnet  to  the  Nightingale  (Milton),  soprano 
solo  and  orchestra,  op.  32,  1895.  Morning 
and  Evening  Service,  together  with  the  office 
for  Holy  Communion,  set  to  music  in  the  key 
of  G,  op.  21.  Album  of  four  Songs,  op.  1 ; 
Three  Songs  ;  Four  Sonnets  of  Shakespeare  ; 
Ye  Mariners  of  England ;  Hymn  to  the  Queen, 
1897,  and  other  songs ;  part-songs,  etc. 
Orchestral  :  Concert  Overture  in  D  minor, 
op.  4,  composed  1887,  produced  1888 ;  A  Tone 
Poem.  op.  7 ;  Processional  March  ;  In  Memo- 
riam,  meditation  in  D  minor,  op.  17  ;  Trio  in 
E  minor,  pf.  and  strings,  op.  28,  produced  at 
Oldham,  December  18,  1895 ;  Sonatas  in  C 
minor,  op.  3,  D  minor,  op.  8,  and  E  flat 
minor,  op.  9  ;  Six  tone  pictures ;  Six  pieces 
for  children,  all  for  pf .  ;  Six  pieces  for  organ 
{Cecilia,  Book  49) ;  Meditation  ;  Postlude  ; 
Processional  March,  organ,  etc. 

Dunkley,  Ferdinand  L.,  composer  and 
organist,  born  in  London,  1869,  related  to  the 
family  of  Smart.  In  1881,  he  was  in  the 
practising  schools  of  St.  John's,  Battersea, 
under  Edward  Mills,  Mus.  Bac.  In  1886  he 
obtained  the  F.R.C.O.,  and  the  same  year 
gained  a  scholarship  at  the  R.C.M.,  where  he 
remained  four  years,  studying  composition 
under  Dr.  Hubert  Parry.  He  gained  the 
prize  of  50  guineas  offered  by  the  directors  of 


DUNN. 

the  Promenade  Concerts  at  Her  Majesty's 
Theatre,  1889,  for  a  Suite  for  orchestra.  His 
setting  of  "The  Wreck  of  the  Hesperus,"  for 
chorus  and  orchestra,  was  produced  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  April  7,  1894.  He  has  also 
composed  several  songs.  In  1893  he  was 
appointed  Professor  of  Music  in  St.  Agnes' 
School,  Albany,  U.S.A.,  and  holds  the  office  of 
organist  in  the  chief  church  in  that  place. 

Dunmore,  Earl  of,  Charles  Adolphus 
Murray,  amateur  composer,  born  on  March 
24, 1841.  In  1866  he  married  the  3rd  daughter 
of  the  Earl  of  Leicester.  He  was  a  captain 
in  the  Scots  Guards ;  Lord  Lieutenant  of 
Stirlingshire,  etc.  Composer  of  a  Suite  Sym- 
phonique,  for  orchestra,  produced  at  the 
Brighton  Festival,  1880 ;  Pastorale,  for  violin 
and  pf .  (1878) ;  Military  march,  for  the  pf. ; 
Dance  music.  Songs  :  Fisher  maid ;  For 
ever ;  Spirit  of  my  dream ;  Years,  years  ago, 
duet,  ebc. 

Dunn,  John  F.,  violinist,  born  at  HuU, 
Februarv  10,  1866.  Began  learning  the  violin 
when  eight  years  old  under  his  brother,  the 
leader  at  a  Hull  theatre.  He  was  soon  playing 
at  concerts,  and  when  barely  eleven  was  en- 
gaged as  assistant  leader  at  the  Theatre  Royal, 
Hull.  In  1878  he  entered  the  Conservatorium, 
Leipzig,  studying  under  Schradieck  (violin), 
Jadassohn,  and  E.  F.  Richter.  After  distin- 
guishing himself  at  the  Conservatorium,  and 
playing  the  first  movement  of  the  Beethoven 
Concerto  at  the  Hauptpriifung,  in  May,  1882, 
he  gave  some  Chamber  concerts  in  different 
towns  in  Saxony,  and  returned  to  England. 
He  made  his  first  appearance  at  Covent  Gar- 
den Promenade  Concerts,  October  4,  1882, 
playing  the  Concerto  in  E,  of  Vieux  temps. 
In  1885  he  appeared  at  the  Crystal  Palace 
Concerts  (Mr.  Manns'  benefit),  and  also  Nov- 
ember 13,  1886,  when  he  played  Gade's  Con- 
certo in  I)  minor.  Since  then  he  has  given 
concerts  in  many  places,  and  gained  a  place 
among  the  finest  violinists  of  the  day.  His 
repertory  embraces  all  schools,  from  Paganini 
to  Spohr;  and  it  was  as  the  exponent  of  the 
Ninth  Concerto  of  the  last-named  that  he 
made  his  first  appearance  at  the  Philharmonic 
Society's  Concerts,  February  27,  1896. 

Dunn,  Matthew  Sinclair,  tenor  vocalist, 
lyric  author,  and  composer,  born  at  Glasgow, 
August  3,  1846.  As  a  lad  he  played  the  cornet 
in  a  Volunteer  band,  and  later  while  engaged 
in  business,  kept  up  his  musical  studies  as  a 
Tonic  Sol-faist.  Was  precentor  in  Ayrshire, 
and  choirmaster  to  the  late  Lady  Elizabeth 
Pringle,  in  Berwickshire,  where  he  wrote  and 
gave  his  popular  entertainments.  In  1879  he 
won  a  scholarship  at  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  College, 
and  went  to  London.  He  afterwards  entered 
the  R.A.M.,  studying  singing  under  Ettore 
Fiori,  W.  H.  Cummings,  and  J.  B.  Welch, 
and  harmony  with  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren.     He 


132 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY 


DUNNE. 

has  sung  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  the  Promenade 
Concerts,  and  in  most  of  the  provincial  to^vns. 
His  concert  lectures  and  entertainments,  and 
chamber  concerts  of  Scottish  song,  have  been 
given  in  many  places.  In  1888  he  was  ap- 
pointed conductor  of  the  Choral  class,  and 
teacher  of  singing  in  Trinity  College,  London. 
He  is  author  of  The  Solo  Singer  ;  The  Solo 
Singer's  vade  mecum,  Curwen  ;  The  Art  of 
Singing ;  The  Choir-boy's  Manual ;  and  The 
Music  Class,  or  Sight-singer.  Editor  of  Auld 
Scotch  Sangs,  two  collections,  each  of  96 
Songs,  Glasgow,  Morison.  Author  of  The 
Bride  of  Cambus  (set  by  W.  G.  Wood),  and 
other  opera  libretti  ;  also  many  lyrics,  set  by 
himself  and  other  composers.  His  compos- 
itions comprise  twelve  trios  for  ladies'  voices ; 
twelve  two-part  songs ;  Beautiful  Snow,  and 
other  Services  of  Song ;  Stars  of  the  Siunmer 
Night  (with  'cello  obligate) ;  Sweetheart,  come 
back,  and  many  other  songs.  Six  anthems. 
Matin  Chimes,  a  collection  of  easy  voluntaries 
for  organ  or  harmonium,  composed  and 
arranged,  11  books ;  Fireside  Fancies,  pf. 
pieces  for  little  players,  etc. 

Dunne,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  York  in  1834.  In  1850  he  became  a 
chorister  in  Worcester  Cathedral,  and  in  1854 
chorister  in  Cashcl  Cathedral,  Ireland.  He 
was  a  member  of  Christ  Church,  St.  Patrick's 
Cathedral  and  Trinity  College  choirs,  Dublin. 
In  1866  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  and  in  1870, 
Mus.  Doc,  Dublin.  He  was  an  examiner  to 
the  Government  Intermediate  Educational 
Board  of  Ireland.  He  died  at  Ashton,  Kill- 
iney,  near  Dublin,  June  7,  1883.  Composer 
of  "  Mj-ra,"  and  "  The  Hanging  of  the  Crane" 
(Longfellow),  cantatas ;  Church  services,  an- 
thems, glees,  songs,   etc. 

Dunstable,  John,  composer  and  mathe- 
matician, was  born  at  Dunstable  in  Bedford- 
shire, early  in  the  15th  century.  Author  of 
"  De  Mensurabilis  Musice,"  a  work  quoted  bj- 
Ravenscroft  and  others.  Little  is  known  of 
his  biography,  but  he  died  in  1453. 

He  was  erroneously  attributed  with  the  in- 
vention of  counterpoint  by  Tinctor,  but  is 
generally  held  up  by  succeeding  musicians  as 
a  composer  of  much  ability  and  a  musician  of 
universal  influence. 

Dunstan,  Ralph,  organist,  writer,  and 
teacher,  born  at  Carnon  Downs,  near  Truro, 
in  1857.  In  music  chiefly  self-taught.  Pupil 
teacher  at  St.  i\Iarv's  Weslevan  Day  School, 
Truro,  1871-6.  In  1877,  entered  Westminster 
Training  College,  as  a  Queen's  Scholar,  and 
received  his  first  regular  instruction  in  music 
from  Mr.  James  Thomson,  then  music  master 
there.  In  1880  he  was  appointed  organist  at 
the  College  Chapel,  and  in  1882,  music  master. 
That  year  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  and  in 
1892,  Mus.  Doc,  Cambridge.  He  is  also  a 
graduate  and  member  of  the  Council  of  the 


DYCE. 

Tonic  Sol-fa  College.  Since  1885  he  has  been 
music  master  at  the  Southlands  Training 
College  for  Schoolmistresses  ;  and  from  1898, 
head  of  the  music  department  at  the  Battersea 
Polytechnic  Institution.  Besides  his  degree 
exercises,  Ps.  146,  and  "The  Wreck  of  the 
Hesperus,"  cantata,  he  has  composed  services, 
anthems,  hjonn-tunes;  a  school  cantata,  "The 
Jester,"  school  songs,  etc.  He  is  author  of 
"The  Teachers'  :Manual  of  INIusic,"  1886,  four- 
teen editions  ;  "  Basses  and  Melodies  "  (Nov- 
ello's  primers),  1894,  two  editions;  "First 
steps  in  harmony,  and  the  harmonizing  of 
melodies,"  London,  Curwen,  1895. 

Dupuis,  Thomas  Sanders,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  London,  November  5,  1730. 
Son  of  John  Dupuis,  who  was  descended  from 
a  family  of  Huguenot  refugees.  ^lember  of 
the  Chapel  Royal.  He  studied  under  Gates 
and  Travers,  and  became  organist  of  Chapel 
Royal,  in  1789.  Organist  of  Charlotte  Street 
Chapel,  near  Buckingham  Palace,  in  1773. 
Mus.  Bac.  and  Doc,  Oxon.,  1790.  He  died  at 
London,  July  17,  1796. 

WoBKS. — Cathedral  music,  in  score,  com- 
posed for  the  use  of  His  Majesty's  Royal 
Chapel,  by  the  late  T.  S.  Dupuis,  selected 
from  the  original  manuscripts,  and  carefully 
revised,  by  John  Spencer,  London,  n.d.,  3 
vols.  Twenty-four  double  and  single  chants 
[1780] .  Sixteen  double  and  single  chants,  as 
performed  at  the  Chapel  Royal.  Second  set 
of  Chants  [1784] .  Twenty-four  double  and 
single  Chants  .  .  .  [1791].  Five  Concertos  for 
organ,  with  accompaniments  [1768].  Con- 
certos, sonatas  and  lessons  for  pf.  Songs, 
six  glees  [1785] ,  etc. 

D'Urfey,  Thomas,  minor  poet,  play- 
wright, and  musician,  was  born  at  Exeter,  of 
French  parents,  in  1649.  He  lived  in  London 
as  a  writer  for  the  playhouses  and  the  court, 
and  died  there  on  February  26,  1723.  He 
edited  "  Wit  and  mirth,  or  pills  to  purge 
melancholy,  being  a  collection  of  the  best 
merry  ballads  and  songs,  old  and  new,  fitted 
to  all  humours,  having  each  their  proper  tune 
for  either  voice  or  instrument.".  .London, 
1719-20,  6  vols.,  and  also  other  editions  and 
reprints.  "  Musa  et  musica,  or  humour  and 
musick,  being  an  extraordinary'  collection  of 
pleasant  and  merry  humours,  with  Scotch 
and  love  songs,"  London,  n.d.  Many  of  the 
songs  in  "  Wit  and  Mirth"  were  set  to  music 
byPurcell  and  other  musicians  of  distinction. 

Dussek,  Olivia,  see  Buckley,  Mrs. 

Dyce,  William,  artist  and  musician,  born 
at  Aberdeen,  in  1806,  died  at  Streatliam, 
London,  Februarj'  14,  1864.  The  celebrated 
painter  and  Royal  Academician,  who  did  so 
much  for  art  education  in  Britain.  He  was 
a  cultured  musician,  and  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  old  Motett  Society,  for  which 
he  edited  in  1844  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer, 


BFJTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


133 


DYER. 

with  the  ancient  Canto  Fermo  set  to  it  at  the 
Reformation  period,  with  an  essay  on  that 
class  of  music."  Also  editor  of  The  Order  of 
daily  service,  the  Litany  and  order  of  the 
administration  of  the  Holy  Communion,  with 
plain  tune ;  according  to  the  use  of  the  United 
Church  of  England  and  Ireland,  London, 
1843  ;  and  author  of  Articles  on  ]Music  in  the 
"  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,"  etc.  He  was  an 
accomplished  organist,  and  composed  various 
pieces  of  music  possessing  merit 

Dyer,  Arthur  Edwin,  composer,  organist 
and  pianist,  born  at  Frome,  February  20, 1843. 
Musical  training,  private.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  1873;  Mus.  Doc,  1880,  Oxford.  F.R. 
CO.  Organist  of  the  Parish  Church,  Weston- 
super-Mare,  1865-75,  and  from  that  date  has 
held  the  ofl&ce  of  organist  and  director  of  the 
music  at  Cheltenham  College.  He  was  also, 
for  some  time,  Conductor  of  the  Cheltenham 
Musical  Society.  His  compositions  are : 
Sacred  Cantata,  "  Salvator  Mundi "  (Degree 
Ex.;  Mus.  Doc,  1880)  ;  Cmtata,  "Harold," 
produced  at  Cheltenham,  1882 ;  Music  to 
Sophocles'  "  Electra,"  produced  at  Chelten- 
ham College,  June  28, 1888,  and  two  following 
days.  "  I  wish  to  tune  my  quivering  lyre," 
chorus  (Gloucester  Festival,  1883) ;  Psalm  97, 
for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra ;  Anthem, 
"  Except  the  Lord  huild  the  house,"  composed 
for  the  College  Jubilee,  1891 ;  An  Evening 
Service  ;  Songs,  etc.  Also  an  Opera,  "  The 
Lady  of  Bayonne,"  produced,  Cheltenham, 
February,  1897.  His  brother,  \Villi.4m  Chin- 
nock  Dyee,  organist  of  St.  Peter'':,  Norbiton, 
and  Conductorof  the  Norbiton  Choral  Society, 
is  the  inventor  of  a  patented  attachment  of 
pedals  to  the  pianoforte. 

Dyer.  William  Fear,  organist  and  com- 
poser, not  related  to  the  foregoing.  Has  for 
some  years  held  an  appointment  at  St. 
Nicholas'  Church,  Bristol,  and  also  that  of 
conductor  at  the  festivals  of  the  Bristol  Church 
Choral  Union.  He  is  the  composer  of  a  Can- 
tata, '•  The  Second  Advent  of  the  Redeemer," 
performed  at  St.  Nicholas  Church,  December 
22,  1889,  and  several  anthems. 

Dygon,  John,  composer  of  the  15th  cen- 
tury, who  was  supposed  to  be  prior  of  the 
convent  of  S.  Augustine,  Canterbury  in  1  97. 
He  died  in  1509.  There  is  much  doubt  as 
regards  the  identity  of  this  musician,  the 
authority  hitherto  followed  having  been  Haw- 
kins, who  published  a  three-part  motet  by 
Dygon,  entitled  "  Ad  lapidis  positionem  "  in 
his  "  History  of  Music."  A  John  Dygon 
graduated  as  bachelor  of  music  at  Oxford,  in 
1512  He  was  a  Benedictine  monk,  but  it  is 
doubtful  if  he  is  the  same  as  the  Dygon  men- 
tioned by  Hawkitis. 

Dykes,  Rev.  John  Bacchus,  composer 
and  clergyman,  was  born  at  Kingston-upou- 
Hull,    March    10,    1823.      He  was   a   sou    of 


EAGER. 

William  Hey  Dykes,  bank-manager  at  Hull. 
He  was  educated  at  a  proprietary  school  at 
Wakefield,  and  entered  St.  Catherine's  Hall, 
Cambridge,  in  1843.  While  there  he  was  a 
leading  member  of  the  University  Musical 
Societj'.  He  had  previously  studied  music 
under  Skelton,  the  organist  of  St.  John's 
Church,  Hull,  which  had  been  built  by  his 
grandfather,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Dykes,  LL.B. 
Afterwards,  he  studied  music  under  Dr. 
Walmisley.  In  1847,  he  graduated  B.A.  ab 
Cambridge,  and  in  the  same  year  he  was 
appointed  curate  at  Malton,  Yorkshire.  He 
became  minor  canon  and  precentor  of  Durham 
Cathedral,  1849.  In  1850  he  married  Susan, 
daughter  of  George  Kingston,  of  Malton, 
M.A. ,  Cantab.,  1851.  Mus.  Doc,  Durham, 
1861.  Vicar  of  St.  Oswald,  Durham,  1862. 
He  died  at  St.  Leonards-on-Sea,  January  22. 
1876. 

Works. — Service  in  F  ;  The  Lord  is  my 
Shepherd,  23rd  Psalm  ;  These  are  they  which 
came  out  of  great  tribulation,  anthem.  Part- 
songs.  Psalms  and  hymns  :  Alford,  St.  Cross, 
Melita,  Vox  Dilecti,  Horbury,  Hollingside, 
St.  Cuthbert,  Dies  Irse,  Lux  Benigiia,  Nicaea, 
St.  Agnes,  Durham,  and  a  variety  of  others. 
He  also  published  Eucharistic  truth  and  ritual, 
a  letter  .  .  .  London,  1874,  and  various  ser- 
mons, etc. 

The  hymns  of  Dykes  are  among  the  finest 
examples  of  modern  times.  Melody  and  har- 
mony are  beautifully  and  agreeablj-  combined 
in  all.  The}'  are  so  well  known,  that  little  need 
be  said  beyond  that  their  place  in  our  col- 
lections will  always  be  assured.  His  services 
and  anthems  are  occasionally  used,  but  their 
merits  are  not  by  any  means  so  high  as  the 
genuine  beauty  of  his  hymns  would  lead  us 
to  expect.  His  son,  John  St.  Oswald  Dykes, 
is  a  composer  and  pianist. 

Dyne,  John,  composer  and  alto  vocalist 
of  the  18th  century.  He  was  a  gentleman  of 
the  Chapel  Royal  in  1772;  a  Lay- Vicar  of 
Westminster  Abbey  in  1779  ;  and  Principal 
at  the  Handel  Commemoration  in  1784.  He 
committed  suicide  on  October  30,  1788.  He 
composed  prize  and  other  glees,  songs,  etc. 

Eady,  W.  H.,  musician.  Author  of  an 
"  Introduction  to  the  theory  of  ^Music,"  Lon- 
don [1878] .     Composer  of  pf .  music,  etc. 

Eager,  John,  composer,  organist,  violinist, 
etc,  was  born  at  Norwich,  August  15,  1782. 
He  removed  with  his  parents  to  Yarmouth 
early  in  life,  and  in  1794  was  noticed  by  the 
Duke  of  Dorset,  who  took  him  to  Knowle, 
where  he  remained  for  some  time.  In  1800 
he  married  Miss  Barnby,  of  Yarmouth,  and 
in  1803  he  became  town  organist  of  Yarmouth, 
and  organist  of  St.  George's  Chapel.  He  dir- 
ected many  concert  enterprises  in  Yarmouth. 
About  1836  he  settled  in  Edinburgh,  and  acted 


134 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


EARNS  HAW. 

for  a  time  as  teacher  to  the  royal  children  at 
Balmoral,  He  was  a  violinist  at  the  principal 
Edinburgh  and  Glasgow  concerts,  and  is  re- 
membered as  an  enthusiastic  advocate  and 
teacher  of  Logier's  system.  He  died  at  Edin- 
burgh, June  1,  1853.  He  had  two  daughters, 
one  of  whom  married  Joseph  Lowe  (q.v.),  the 
reel  composer,  and  another  Mr.  Bridgman,  a 
pianist,  father  of  F.W.  Bridgman  (q.v.)  Eager 
wrote  a  tract,  entitled  "  A  brief  account,  with 
accompanying  examples  of  what  was  actually 
done  at  the  second  examination  of  Mr.  Eager's 
pupils  in  music,  educated  upon  Mr.  Logier's 
sj'stem."     London,  1819. 

Earnshaw,  Robert  Henry,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Todniorden,  Lancashire, 
September  17,  1856.  Musically  educated  in 
London  under  various  masters,  returning  to 
Lancashire  in  1880.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1892,  Mus.  Doc,  189.3,  Dublin.  Organist  and 
choirmaster.  Parish  Church,  Morecambe, 
1882-5 ;  St.  Philip's,  Southport,  1890-1  ; 
Christ  Church,  Preston,  1891,  in  which  town 
he  occupies  a  high  position  as  an  earnest 
worker  for  music.  His  compositions  include 
"The  Wreck  of  the  Hesperus"  (University 
Exercise),  and  a  cantata,  "  Hail  to  the 
Lord's  Anointed,"  for  soli,  eight-part  chorus 
and  orchestra  (Exercise  for  Mus.  Doc.)  He 
has  published  anthems,  part-songs,  songs, 
and  pf.  pieces,  some  of  which  have  attained 
considerable  popularity. 

Earsden,  John,  composer  of  end  of  16th 
and  beginning  of  the  17th  centuries.  He 
composed  songs,  etc.,  and  is  mentioned  in 
Hawkins'  History. 

Eastcott,  Richard,  writer  and  musician, 
born  iit  Exuter  in  1740.  Chaplain  of  Livery 
Dale,  Devon.     He  died  in  1828. 

Works. — Sketches  of  the  origin,  progress, 
and  effects  of  musick,  with  an  account  of  the 
ancient  bards  and  minstrels,  illustrated  with 
various  historical  facts,  anecdotes,  etc.,  Bath, 
1793  (2  editions).  The  harmony  of  the  Muses 
(songs),  n.d.     Six  sojiatas  for  pf.,  etc. 

Eastlake,  Lady,  English  writer,  born 
1816,  died  1852,  authoress  of  "  Music  and  the 
Art  of  Dress,"  London,  1852.  Wife  of  Sir 
Charles  Eastlake  the  painter. 

Eaton,  Thomas  Damant,  writer  and 
musician,  at  one  time  President  of  the  Nor- 
wich Choral  Society.  He  wrote  Critical 
Notices  of  Bexfield's  "  Israel  restored,"  and 
Pierson's  "Jerusalem"  (reprinted  from  the 
Norfolk  Neivs),  Norwich,  1852.  Musical 
Criticism  and  Biography  from  the  published 
and  unpublished  writings  of  T.  D.  Eaton, 
edited  by  his  son,  London,  1872. 

Eavestaff,  William,  writer  and  nimo- 
forte-maker.  Author  of  "  Instructions  for  the 
Pianoforte,"  London,  18.30.  A  selection  of 
French  Melodies,  with  symphonies  and  ac- 
companiments, the  words  by  W.  H.  Bellamy, 


ECCLES. 

six  books,  1825-6. 

Eayres,  William  Henry,  violinist,  born 
in  Marylebone,  London,  1846.  As  a  child,  he 
studied  the  violin  under  Henry  Blagrove,  and 
subsequently  under  Sainton  and  Henri  Wieni- 
awski,  his  pupilage  with  the  latter  ripening 
into  close  intimacy  and  friendship.  He  haa 
also  made  a  study  of  the  pf.  and  organ,  and 
for  about  four  years  was  organist  of  Limerick 
Cathedral.  He  heads  the  second  violins  in 
the  (  rchestras  of  the  Philharmonic  Society, 
the  Leeds  and  Three  Choirs  Festivals ;  was 
principal  violin,  with  T.  Carringion,  Bristol 
Festival,  1896;  and  holds  important  positions 
in  London.  Of  his  compositions,  the  music 
to  Richard  Davey's  classical  comedy,  "  Les- 
bia,"  was  performed  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre, 
in  September,  1888.  He  also  wrote  the  music 
of  one  act  of  "  Babil  and  IMjou,"  and  has 
composed  various  anthems.  Church  services, 
and  songs  — Beguiling  eyes.  Our  sister  May, 
Ever  thine,  The  chapel  by  the  sea,  etc.  An 
overture,  two  string  quartets,  pieces  for  violin, 
pf ,  etc. 

Ebdon,  Thomas,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Durham,  1738.  He  wa-s  trained  in 
Durham  Cathedral,  as  a  chorister,  and  acted 
as  organist  in  it  from  1763  till  1811.  He  died 
at  Durham,  September  23,  1811. 

Works. —  Sacred  music,  composed  for  the 
use  of  the  choir  of  Durham,  1780,  two  vols. 
Anthems.  Collection  of  six  glees.  Op.  3,  1780. 
Songs.  Two  sonatas  for  the  harpsichord, 
1780. 

Ebers.  John,  impresario  and  theatre 
manager,  born  at  London,  in  1785,  of  German 
parentage.  He  managed  King's  Theatre, 
from  1821-28.  Was  ruined,  and  relinquished 
direction,  1828  He  wrote  "  Seven  Years  at 
the  King's  'IheHtre,"  Iiondon,  1828.  The  date 
of  his  death  is  unknown. 

Ebsworth,  Joseph,  musician  and  dra- 
matist, born  at  Islington,  London,  October 
10,  1788.  Af'er  livii  g  for  a  time  in  Cornwall 
and  London,  he  settled  in  Edinburgh,  in  1826, 
and  became  a  teacher  of  music  there,  and 
precentor  of  St.  Stephen's  Church.  He  wrote 
and  translated  a  number  of  dramas,  and  was 
for  fifteen  years  a  bookseller.  Besides  being 
leader  of  psalmody  of  St.  Stephen's,  he  was 
teacher  of  music  in  many  of  the  principal 
schools  and  colleges  in  Edinburgh.  Died  at 
Edinburgh,  June  22,  1868.  He  published  two 
collections  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  1834 
and  [1845],  and  issued  a  General  index  to  first 
hundred  volumes  of  the  music  in  library  of 
the  Edinburgh  Harmonists'  Society  .  .  . 
Edinburgh,  1844.  Short  introduction  to  Vocal 
Music,  adapted  either  for  private  tuition 
or  class  singing,  Edinburgh,  n.d.  Sqngs, 
hymns   and  other  compositions. 

Eccles,  Henry,  violinist  and  composer, 
son  of  Solomon  Eccles,  was  born  at  the  end  of 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


135 


ECCLES. 

the  17th  century.  Member  of  the  King's  Band, 
1694  to  1710.  He  published  in  Paris  "  Twelve 
excellent  Solos  for  Violin,"  1720.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  King's  Band  in  Paris,  and  died 
about  1742.  His  brother  Thomas  was  also  a 
violinist. 

Eccles,  John,  composer  and  violinist,  born 
1668.  Son  of  Solomon  Eccles.  He  studied 
under  his  father.  Member  of  the  Queen's 
band  of  music,  1700.  Master  of  Queen's 
Band,  1704.  He  died  at  Kingston,  Surrey, 
January  12,  1735. 

Works. — Acis  and  Galatea,  masque,  1701  ; 
Ode  for  S.  Cecilia's  Day  (Congreve),  1701  ; 
The  Judgment  of  Paris  i.Congreve),  masque, 
2nd  prize  in  competition  with  Weldon,  etc.  ; 
The  Mad  Lover,  1701 ;  The  City  Lady  ;  The 
Fair  Penitent,  1703 ;  The  Lancashire  Witches, 
1682 ;  The  Spanish  Friar,  1681 ;  Justice  Busv, 
1690 ;  The  Chances,  1682 ;  The  Way  of  the 
World,  1700 ;  The  Provoked  Wife,  1697  ;  The 
Richmond  Heiress,  1693 ;  Rinaldo  and  Armida 
(Dennis),  1699  ;  Don  Quixote  ;  Love  for  Love, 
1695.  Collection  of  Songs  for  one,  two,  and 
three  voices,  etc.,  London  [1701].  Songs  in 
Pills  to  purge  Melancholy,  etc.  Eccles  was 
one  of  the  most  popular  composers  of  his  day, 
and  some  of  his  melodies  are  very  fine,  though 
not  now  in  vogue. 

Eccles,  Solomon,  composer  and  violinist, 
was  born  in  London,  1618.  Father  of  Henry 
and  John  Eccles.  He  became  a  quaker  in 
1660,  and  was  frequently  arrested  for  disturb- 
ing congregations  at  worship,  and  behaving 
with  much  eccentricity  in  the  name  of  religion. 
He  died  at  London,  February  11,  168.3.  He 
contributed  to  the  "  Division  Violin,"  1693, 
and  wrote  a  work  entitled  ' '  A  Musick-Lector, 
or  the  Art  of  Musick.  .discoursed  of,  by  way 
of  dialogue,  betwee7i  three  men  of  several 
judgements  :  the  one  a  musician . .  the  other  a 
Baptist,  .the  other  a  Quaker  (so-called),  being 
formerly  of  that  art,  doth  give  his  judgment 
and  sentence  against  it,  but  yet  approves  of 
the  musick  that  pleaseth  God,"  London,  1667. 

Edmonds,  M.,  author  of  "  Musical  Cate- 
chism adapted  to  the  first  class  of  performers 
on  the  Pianoforte,"  Dublin,  1807. 

Edwardes,  Richard,  poet  and  composer, 
born  in  Somersetshire,  1523.  Scholar  of 
Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford.  Studied 
music  under  George  Etheridge.  M.A.,  Oxon., 
1647.  Master  of  Children,  Chapel  Royal,  and 
Gentleman,  do.  Member  of  Lincoln's  Inn. 
He  died  on  October  31,  1566. 

Works. — The  Paradise  of  Dainty  deuises. 
The  Soul's  Knell,  poem.  Damon  and  Pythias, 
comedy.  Palemon  and  Arcite,  comedy.  "In 
going  to  my  naked  bed,"  madrigal.  Many 
poems,  tracts,  etc. 

Edwardes  is  not  known  now  save  by  his 
lovely  madrigal,  "In  going  to  my  naked  bed," 
which  is  one  of   the  finest  examples  of  this 


EDWARDS. 

species  of  composition  extant.  The  titles  of 
his  other  poems  are  set  out  at  length  in  Rit- 
son's  and  Hazlitt's  works  on  Early  English 
Poetry. 

Edwards,  C.  A.,  author  of  "  Organs  and 
organ  building,  a  treatise  on  the  history  and 
construction  of  the  Organ,  from  its  origin  to 
the  present  day."   .    .  London,  1881. 

Edwards,  Frederick  George,  organist 
and  writer  on  music,  born  in  London, 
October  11, 1853.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  Elected 
A.R.A.M.,  1896.  Organist  of  Surrey  Chapel, 
Blackfriars  Road,  1873;  Christ  Church,  West- 
minster Road,  1876  ;  and  of  St.  John's  Wood 
Presbyterian  Church  since  1881.  Conductor 
of  Lavender  Hill  Choral  Society,  1883.  Com- 
poser of  anthems  and  pieces  for  pf.  Author  of 
"  United  Praise  :  a  practical  handbook  of 
Nonconformist  Church  Music,"  1887 ;  Ro- 
mance of  Psalter  and  Hymnal  "  (jointly  with 
Rev.  R.  E.  Welsh,  M.A.),  1889  ;  "  The  Musical 
Haunts  of  Loudon,"  J.  Curwen  and  Sons, 
1895  ;  "  History  of  Meudelsson's  '  Elijah,'  " 
Novello,  1896.  Contributor  to  the  Musical 
Tivips  and  other  papers. 

Edwards,  Henry  John,  organist,  pianist, 
and  composer,  born  at  Barnstaple,  Devon, 
February  24,  1854.  Studied  at  first  under  his 
father  (noticed  below),  and  later  in  London, 
under  Sterndale  Bennett,  G.  A.  IMacfarren, 
H.  C.  Banister,  and  George  Cooper.  Gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  1876 ;  Mus.  Doc,  1885,  Oxford. 
Returning  to  Barnstaple,  he  succeeded  his 
father  as  organist  of  the  parish  church,  and, 
in  1886,  as  conductor  of  the  Easter  Musical 
Festival  Society.  In  1896,  he  was  appointed 
conductor  of  the  Exeter  Oratorio  Society.  As 
a  pianist  he  has  appeared  at  the  most  im- 
portant concerts  in  his  county. 

Works. — Psalm  145  (Exercise  for  Mus. 
Bac),  produced  in  Barnstaple;  Oratorio,  The 
Ascension  (Exercise  for  Mus.  Doc),  performed 
at  the  Western  Counties'  Festival,  Exeter, 
April  12,  1888  ;  Motet,  Praise  to  the  Holiest 
(from  Cardinal  Newman's  Dream  of  Geron- 
tius),  produced  at  the  Hereford  Festival, 
1891  ;  Cantata,  the  Epiphany,  Barnstaple, 
1891.  Two  oratorios  in  MS.  Church  service  ; 
Anthems ;  Songs ;  Devonia,  The  Vigil,  The 
beautiful  City,  and  others;  Part-songs,  etc. 
Triumphal  March,  orchestra  and  military 
band,  performed  at  the  promenade  concerts, 
Covent  Garden,  1883  ;  pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

His  father,  John  Edwards,  was  born  at 
Crediton,  Devon,  in  1808.  Studied  under 
Moxcn,  of  Exeter,  and  about  1833  removed 
to  Barnstaple.  He  was  connected  with  the 
parish  church  for  half  a  century,  first  as  as- 
sistant to  Huxtable  the  organist,  then  as 
organist  and  choirmaster ;  the  latter  office 
being  held  until  about  1886.  He  founded  the 
Choral  Society,  first  known  as  the  Barnstaple 
Philharmonic  Society,  and  still  in  existence 


136 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


EDWARDS. 

under  the  title  in  the  preceding  notice.  He 
was  also  a  violinist,  and  for  years  was  the 
leading  professor  of  music  in  the  district. 
His  compositions  were  mostly  for  the  Church, 
consisting  of  services,  anthems,  hymn-tunes, 
and  chants.  He  died  at  Barnstaple,  in  April, 
1894. 

Edwards,  Henry  Sutherland,  author, 
born  at  Heudon,  September  5,  1829.  Author 
of  "  History  of  the  Opera  in  Italy,  France, 
Germany.  Russia,  and  England,  from  Monte- 
verde  to  Verdi,"  .  .  .  London,  1862,  two  vols. 
Life  of  Rossini,  London,  1869.  The  life  and 
artistic  career  of  Sims  Reeves,  London,  Tins- 
ley,  n.d.  Rossini  (great  musicians  series'), 
London,  1881.  The  Lyric  Drama,  essays  on 
subjects,  composers,  and  executants  of  modern 
Opera,  London,  1881,  two  vols.  The  Faust 
Legend,  Remington,  1886;  Famous  first  re- 
presentations. Chapman  and  Hall,  1886 ;  The 
Prima  Donna,  her  history  and  surroundings, 
from  tlie  17th  to  the  19th  century,  two  vols.. 
Remington,  1888.  ilr.  Edwards  has  written 
a  large  number  of  works  about  Russia,  Poland, 
etc.,  as  well  as  opera  libretti,  novels,  etc. 

Edwards,  Rev.  John  David,  clergyman 
and  composer,  born  in  1806.  He  was  vicar  of 
Rosymedre,  Ruabon.  He  died  at  Llanddoget 
Rectory,  Denbighshire,  November  2i,  1885, 
aged  79. 

Edwards,  Julian,  composer  and  con- 
ductor, born  1858.  First  came  into  notice 
through  an  overture,  "  Corinne,"  produced  at 
Mr.  Coweu's  Concerts  in  St.  James's  Hall, 
November  13,  1880.  For  some  years  after- 
wards, lie  was  engaged  as  conductor  for  the 
Royal  English  Opera  Companj',  at  Covent 
Garden,  1884,  and  also  in  the  provinces.  He 
is  now  resident  in  America.  His  compositions 
include  the  operas,  "Corinne,"  "  Victorian," 
produced  at  Sheffield,  1883;  "Brian  Boru," 
Broadway  Theatre,  New  York,  1896  ;  a  cantata 
for  female  voices,  "  De  Montford's  Daughter ;" 
a  sonata  for  pf.,  etc. 

Edwards,  Robert  James,  organist  at 
Banbury,  Oxfordshire,  in  1825.  Published 
"  Sacred  music,  being  a  large  and  valuable 
selection  of  the  best  Psalm  tunes,  both  ancient 
and  modern,  arranged  for  four  voices,  or  a 
single  voice,  with  an  accompaniment  for  the 
organ  or  iDianoforte,"  London,  Preston,  1825. 

Edwin,  John,  singer  and  actor,  born  in 
London,  August  10,  1749.  He  is  mentioned 
by  O'Keefe,  and  appeared  in  various  musical 
pieces  during  the  latter  half  of  last  century. 
Died  in  London,  October  31,  1790.  His  son 
John  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Rebecc.\ 
RiCH.iRDS,  who  was  an  actress  and  vocalist. 

Egan,  Charles,  Irish  writer  and  harpist, 
author  of  a  "  Harp  Primer,  being  a  familiar 
introduction  to  the  Studv  of  the  Harp."  Lon- 
don, 1822,  also,  1829.'  The  Royal  Harp 
Director..  London,  1827. 


ELGAR. 

Egan,  F.,  Irish  flute  player.  Author  of 
"  The  single  and  double  Flageolet  preceptor. . 
Dublin  [1810] ,  and  arranger  of  numerous 
airs,  etc.,  for  flageolet  or  flute. 

Egerton,  Hon.  John  Gray  Seymour, 
son  of  the  second  Earl  of  Wilton  (q.v.),  ama- 
teur violinist  and  composer.  He  has  written 
some  good  part-songs :  Adieu  to  the  Woods ; 
King  Winter ;  Spring's  approach ;  The  Rose 
and  the  Soul,  etc.  .\lso  songs,  and  a  cantata. 
Eglinton,  Hugh  Montgomerie, Twelfth 
Earl  of,  composer,  was  born  on  November 
29,  1739.  He  entered  the  armj'  and  became 
a  colonel,  and  after  his  succession  to  the  title, 
distinguished  himself  by  initiating  many 
public  improvements  in  Ayrshire.  He  died 
'  on  December  15,  1819.  He  was  a  patron  of 
[  music,  and  composed  "  New  Strathspey  Reels, 
composed  by  a  gentleman,  and  given  with 
permission  to  be  published  bv  Nathl.  Gow," 
Edinburgh,  1796. 

'  Egvilie,  John  Herve  d',  bass  vocalist, 
Inborn  at  Worcester,  1857.  Studied  at  R.A.M.; 
'  Parepa-Rosa  prizeholder,  1879.  Joined  the 
I  Carl  Rosa  Company  in  1881 ;  and  some  years 
'  later  toured  with  D'Oyly  Carte  Company  in  a 
■  round  of  the  Gilbert-Sullivan  operas.  WeU 
known  also  as  a  concert  singer  of  repute. 

Ehrenberg,  Alexandra,  see  Warwick, 
GirLiA. 

Elford,  Richard,  alto  vocalist,  was  born 

about  the  middle  of  the  17th  century.     He 

was  a  counter-tenor  in  Lincoln  and  Durham 

Cathedrals.     He  afterwards  sang  on  the  stage 

i  in  London  ;  and  became  a  Cxentleman  of  the 

I  Chapel  Royal  in  1702,  and  Lay-vicar  of  St. 

!  Paul's  Cathedral,  and  Westminster.     He  died 

j  October  29,  1714.     It  was  for  him  Croft  is 

'  supposed  to  have  written  florid  solos  in  his 

!  anthems. 

Elgar,  Edward  William,  composer,  bom 
at  Broadheath,  near  Worcester,  June  2,  1857. 
Son  of  W.  H.  Elgar,  organist,  of  Worcester. 
Studied  the  violin  under  Adolphe  Pollitzer, 
and  was  well-known  as  soloist  and  orchestral 
leader  in  Worcester  and  district ;  was  also  for 
a  time  a  member  of  I\Ir.  Stockley's  orchestra, 
Birmingham',  and  of  the  North  Staffordshire 
Festival  orchestra.  Conductor  of  the  Wor- 
cester Instrunaental  Society,  1882 ;  and  or- 
ganist of  St.  George's  (Roman  Catholic) 
Church,  1885,  succeeding  his  father  who  had 
held  the  post  for  37  years.  Both  these  posi- 
tions he  gave  up  in  1889,  when  he  remo\ed  to 
London.  Ill-health  compelled  him  to  leave 
London  in  1891,  since  which  time  he  has 
resided  at  Malvern,  devoting  himself  exclu- 
sively to  comj^osition. 

Works. — Oratorio,  The  Light  of  Life  (Lux 
Christi,  book  by  Rev.  E.  Capel-Cure,  produced 
at  the  Worcester  Festival,  September  7, 1896). 
Cantatas :  The  Black  Knight  (Worcester, 
1893),  and  Scenes  from  the  Saga  of  King  Olaf 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


137 


ELLA. 

(North  Staffordshire  Festival,  October,  1896) ; 
Choral  Suite :  Six  scenes  from  the  Bavarian 
Highlands,  chorus  and  orchestra  (Worcester, 
April,  1896) ;  Spanish  serenade,  chorus  and 
orchestra.  Pour  Litanies,  and  other  Catholic 
Church  Music.  Part-Songs  :  ]\Iy  love  dwelt 
in  a  northern  land,  etc. ;  The  snow ;  Fly, 
singing  bird  (for  ladies'  voices,  with  accom- 
paniment for  pf.  and  two  violins).  Songs: 
Like  to  the  damask  rose ;  The  wind  at  dawn ; 
The  Poet's  life,  and  others.  Orchestral :  Con- 
cert overture,  Froissart  (composed  for  the 
Worcester  Festival,  1890) ;  Sevillana  ;  Liebes- 
gruss ;  Serenade  (strings  only),  and  other 
pieces.  Romance,  violin  and  orchestra ;  pieces 
for  violin  and  pf. ;  Etudes  caracteristiques, 
violin  solo.  Sonata,  for  organ,  composed  for 
the  visit  of  the  American  Musicians  to  Wor- 
cester, July,  1895.  and  played  by  INIr.  Hugh 
Blair  in  Worcester  Cathedral  on  that  occasion. 
Cantatas  and  other  works  in  MS. 

Ella,  John,  violinist,  critic,  and  lecturer, 
horn  at  Thirsk,  Yorks.,  December  19,  1802. 
He  studied  for  the  law,  but  became  a  violinist 
in  the  King's  theatre  in  1822 ;  Concert  of 
Ancient  Music ;  Philharmonic  Concerts,  etc. 
He  studied  music  under  Attwood  and  F^tis, 
1826-29.  Established  the  "  Musical  Union," 
1845-80.  Established  "  Musical  Winter  Eve- 
nings," 1845-80.  Lecturer  on  Music  at  London 
Institution,  1855.  He  died  at  London,  Oct- 
ober 2,  1888. 

Works. — Lectures  on  Dramatic  Music  and 
Musical  Education  abroad  and  at  home,  1872. 
Musical  sketches  abroad  and  at  home,  1861 
(3  editions),  1869-78.  Records  of  the  Musical 
Union,  1845-78  (analytical  programmes,  notes, 
biographies).  Personal  memoir  of  Meyerbeer, 
with  an  anah'sis  of  Les  Huguenots,  London, 
1868.  French  Song  and  traditional  Melody, 
Anglice,  The  Harmonious  Blacksmith,  Lon- 
don, 1865 ;  etc. 

Ellerton,  John  Lodge,  amateur  composer 
and  poet,  born  at  Chester  (?),  January  11, 
1801.  Son  of  Adam  Lodge,  of  Liverpool.  He 
assumed  the  name  of  Ellerton  about  1845. 
Educated  at  Rugbv  School,  and  at  Oxford, 
graduating  B.A.,  1821,  and  M.A.,  1828.  In 
this  last  year  was  published  a  song,  "  And  wiU 
thy  spirit  view,"  which  was  very  favourably 
reviewed  in  the  Harmonicon.  He  had  begun 
his  musical  studies  early,  and  after  leaving 
Oxford  he  went  to  Rome  and  studied  under 
Pietro  Terziani,  maestro  di  capella  at  the 
Church  of  San  Giovanni  Laterano.  While 
there  he  is  said  to  have  composed  seven  Italian 
operas.  He  resided  a  good  deal  in  Germany, 
his  symphonies  having  been  composed  at  Wies- 
baden, and  other  places.  When  in  London  he 
had  quartet  meetings  at  his  house  with  the 
best  artists.  He  died  in  London,  Januarys, 
1873. 

Works. — Oratorio :  Paradise  Lost, published 


ELLICOTT. 

1857  ;  Stabat  Mater,  female  voices  and  or- 
chestra, op.  180 ;  Mass  in  C,  op.  53  (1843) ;  in 
B  flat,  op.  106 ;  in  D,  for  two  tenors  and  a 
bass,  op.  103  ;  Motets  and  anthems.  Operas  : 
Issiple ;  Berenice  in  Armenio ;  Annibale  in 
Capua ;  II  Sacrifizio  di  Epito  ;  Andromacca ; 
II  Carnovale  di  Venezia  ;  II  Marito  a  Vista 
(Italian)  ;  Carl  Rosa  ;  Lucinda  (German)  ; 
Dominica,  produced  Drurv  Lane,  June  7, 
1838;  The  Bridal  of  Triermain  (English). 
Nineteen  Italian  duets,  with  orchestra ;  duets, 
songs,  etc.  Symphony,  No.  1,  in  F,  op.  65, 
performed  in  London,  December  11,  1849  ; 
No.  2,  in  D,  op.  66,  composed  1845,  performed 
London,  1847  ;  No.  3,  in  D  minor  (Wald  S>Tn- 
phonie),  op.  120,  published;  No.  4,  in  E  flat, 
op.  126;  No.  5,  in  C,  op.  123;  No.  6,  in  E 
minor,  op.  127,  the  last  two  composed  in 
1858.  Overtures,  La  Tarantella,  and  others  ; 
one  performed  in  London,  1831.  Three  string 
quintets,  Forty-four  string  quartets,  op.  60, 
62,  70,  76,  101,  102,  124,  etc.  Three  string 
trios  ;  eight  trios,  pf.  and  strings,  etc.  Thir- 
teen sonatas,  etc.  Many  glees,  including  Catch 
Club  prizes,  1836,  and  1838.  Bridal  of  Salerno, 
a  romance  in  6  cantos,  with  other  poems, 
1845;  The  Elixir  of  Youth,  a  legend  in  four 
parts,  with  other  poems  and  notes,  1864. 

Ellicott,  Rosalind  Frances,  composer 
and  pianist,  born  at  Cambridge,  November  14, 
1857.  Daughter  of  the  Right  Rev.  Charles 
John  Ellicott,  Bishop  of  Gloucester  and  Bris- 
tol. Mrs.  Ellicott,  her  mother,  is  an  accom- 
plished musician  and  vocalist,  for  whom  the 
late  Rev.  Sir  F.  A.  G.  Ouselej'  wrote  the  part 
of  Hagar,  in  his  oratorio  so  named.  She 
established  the  Handel  Society,  London,  in 
1882.  Miss  Ellicott  began  to  compose  when 
only  six  years  of  age,  having  a  natural  gift  for 
harmony.  When  seventeen  she  entered  the 
R.A.M.,  and  afterwards  studied  form  and 
orchestration  for  seven  years  with  the  late 
Thomas  Wingham.  Her  compositions  are 
numerous,  and  have  secured  her  an  honourable 
place  among  women  composers. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Elysium  (Gloucester 
Festival,  1889)  ;  The  birth  of  Song  (the  same, 
1892);  Radiant  sister  of  the  dawn  (Cheltenham 
Festival,  1887;  Bristol  and  Gloucester,  1888k 
Henry  of  Navarre  (men's  voices,  prod.  Queen  s 
College,  Oxford,  1894) ;  both  for  chorus  and 
orchestra.  Part-song,  Bring  the  bright  gar- 
lands, Bristol  Madrigal  Society,  1890,  and 
others ;  Duets,  songs — To  the  Immortals, 
Gloucester  Festival,  1883,  etc.  Dramatic 
overture,  Gloucester  Festival,  1886,  Crystal 
Palace,  1891,  etc.  Concert  overture.  Spring, 
St.  James's  Hall,  1886.  Festival  overture, 
Cheltenham  Festival,  1893.  Fantasia  in  A 
minor,  pf.  and  orchestra,  Gloucester  Festival, 
1895.  Quartet  in  F ;  Trios  in  G,  and  D  minor, 
pf .  and  strings ;  and  other  smaller  works. 
A  sonata  for  pf.  and  violoncello ;  one  for  pf. 


138 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ELLIOTT. 

and  violin,  with  other  works,  remain  in  MS. 

Elliott,  Carlotta,  soprano  vocalist  of  the 
present  time.  First  came  into  notice  at 
Ganz's  concerts,  1880-2.  Sang  at  the  Saturday 
Popular  Concerts,  December,  1882 ;  at  the 
Philharmonic  concerts,  1885.  Has  given 
vocal  recitals,  and  appeared  with  success  in 
many  provincial  towns. 

Elliott,  J.,  author  of  "  Philosophical 
Observations  on  the  Senses  of  Vision  and 
Hearing;  and  a  Treatise  on  Harmonic  Sounds," 
London,  1780. 

Elliott,  James,  composer  and  bass  vocal- 
ist, was  born  in  1783,  a.nd  died  at  London  in 
1856.  He  was  a  singer  of  reputation,  and  was 
one  of  the  principals  at  the  Birmingham 
Festival  of  1802,  and,  it  is  supposed,  sang 
some  soprano  solos  at  the  Festival  of  1799. 
Writer  of  a  large  number  of  glees,  some  of 
which  obtained  prizes.  Among  them  may 
be  named:  A  choir  of  bright  beauties;  At  her 
fair  hands ;  The  Bee,  when  varying  flosv'rs ; 
Chaunt  we  the  requiem ;  Come,  my  Celia ; 
Go,  lovely  rose  ;  Invest  my  head  with  fragrant 
roses:  Let  those  complain ;  Mild  is  the  air,  etc. 

Elliott,  James  William,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Warwick,  February  13, 
1833.  Chorister  in  Leamington  Parish 
Church,  1816-^8.  Studied  under  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren,  etc.  Organist  of  Leamington  Chapel, 
1847-52.  Private  organist  to  the  Earl  of 
Wilton,  Heaton  Hall,  1859-60;  of  Parish 
Church,  Banburv,  1860-62 ;  St.  Marv,  Boltons, 
London,  1862-64;  All  Saints',  St.  John's 
Wood,  1864-74 ;  and  from  1874,  organist  and 
choirmaster,  St.  ^Mark's,  Hamilton  Terrace, 
London.  Composer  of  two  operettas :  "  Ro- 
mance and  Reality,"  produced  at  Charing 
Cross  Theatre,  with  F.  ^Iaccal)e  in  the  prin- 
cipal part;  and  "  Dan'l's  Delight,"  German 
Reed,  Easter,  1893.  Other  works  are  :  "Na- 
tional Nursery  Rhymes  "  (Novello,  1870,  with 
sixty-five  illustrations,  engraved  by  the 
brothers  Dalzicl) ;  "  The  Harmonium  Treas- 
ury," 2  vols,  (arrangements);  Six  original 
pieces  for  harmonium.  "  The  Choral  Service 
Book."  1892 ;  Hymn  Tunes,  with  varied  har- 
monies, Phillips  and  Page,  1895 ;  Anthems, 
services,  part-songs ;  Song,  Hybrias  the 
Cretan,  etc., 

Ellis,  Alexander  John,  musician  and 
autbor,  was  born  of  parents  named  Sharpe, 
at  Hoxton,  London,  June  14,  1814.  He  was 
educated  at  Shrewsbury,  Eton,  and  Trinity 
College,  Cambri.lge,  and  graduated  B.A.  in 
1837.  Afterwards,  he  became  a  Fellow  of  the 
Royal  Society,  in  1864,  and  a  membe  of  the 
Council  in  1880-81.  He  was  also  president  of 
the  Philological  Society,  and  member  of  many 
learned  societies.  He  died  at  Kensington, 
London,  October   28,   1890. 

To  the  proceedings  of  the  Royal  Society  he 
contributed  various  papers  on  musical  theory 


ELVEY. 

and  its  physical  basis,  and  published  "  Pro- 
nounciation  for  Singers,  with  especial  refer- 
ence to  the  English,  German,  Italian,  and 
French  languages,  with  exercises  for  teachera 
and  for  advanced  students,"  London,  1877. 
"  Speech  in  song,"  1878  (music  primer).  He 
also  translated,  with  considerable  additions, 
Helmholtii's  "  Die  Lehre  von  den  Tonemp- 
findungen  als  ph)siologische  grundlage  fur 
die  theorie  der  musik,"  as  "  On  the  sensation* 
of  tone  as  a  physiological  basis  for  the  theory 
of  music,"  London,  1875,  and  with  appendix 
and  notes  re-written,  1885. 

Ellis,  Rev.  David  Henry,  composer  and 
writer  on  music.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac.,1872  ; 
LL.D.,  1880;  B.D.,  1886,  Trinity  College, 
Dublin.  Minor  Canon,  Bangor  Cathedral, 
1872-6  ;  Precentor,  Sidney  Cathedral,  1880-4  ; 
Goulburn  Cathedral,  and  examining  Chaplain 
to  the  Bishop  of  Goulburn,  1885-9;  vicar  of 
St.  Botolph,  Lincoln,  1891.  Compositions — 
Psalm  104,  soli  and  chorus  ;  Communion 
service;  Evening  service;  Christmas  anthems,, 
etc.  Author  of  "  Essay  on  Cathedrals  and 
Cathedral  music." 

Ellis,  Henry  Bramley,  organist  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Newark,  Notts,  February  3, 
1841.  Studied  under  Dr.  Dearie.  F.K.C.O. 
Organist  successively  at  St.  Andrew's,  Hal- 
sread,  1868  ;  St.  John's,  Leicester,  1874 ;  and 
St.  Mary's,  Leicester,  from  1878.  Conductor 
of  Leicester  Orchestral  Society,  Philharmonic 
Society,  etc.  He  has  given  a  series  of  excel- 
lent concerts,  and  introduced  many  important 
works  to  the  district. 

Ellis,  William,  compo.ser  and  organist 
of  17th  century.  He  was  organist  of  Eton 
College,  and  of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford. 
On  being  expelled  from  .St.  John's  at  the 
Rebellion,  he  established  music  meetings  at 
his  house  in  Oxford,  whicli  were  attended  by 
many  of  the  most  distinguished  musicians  of 
the  time.  At  the  Restoration  it  is  believed 
Ellis  was  reinstated  as  organist  at  St.  John's. 
In  1639,  he  graiuated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  and 
in  1674,  he  died  there.  He  composed  rounia 
and  canons  in  Hilton's  collection. 

Elvey,  Sir  George  Job,  Kt.,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Canterbury,  March  27, 
1810.  Chorister,  and  pupil  of  Highmore 
Skeats,  a'  Canterbury  Cathedral  ;  he  also 
studied  under  his  brother.  Stephen  Elvey, 
and  later  at  R..A.M.,  under  Cipriani  Potter 
and  Dr  Crotch.  In  1835,  he  succeeded  High- 
more  Skeats,  the  younger,  as  organist  and 
master  of  the  boys  at  St.  George's  Chapel, 
Windsor,  a  post  he  held  until  1882,  when  he 
retired.  During  his  long  period  of  office  he 
had  the  arrangement  of  the  music  in  connec- 
tion with  many  important  events  in  the  Royal 
Family—  the  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
in  1863  ;  the  Princess  Louise,  1871,  and  of  the- 
Duke   of    Albany,   in   1882.      He  graduated 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


139 


ELVEY. 

Mus.  Bac,  1838;  Mus.  Doc,  1840,  Oxford. 
In  1871,  he  received  the  honour  of  knighthood. 
While  at  Windsor  he  was  conductor  of  the 
Glee  and  Madrigal  Society,  and  of  the  Windsor 
and  Eton  Choral  Society.  As  late  as  October 
18,  1893,  he  conducted  some  of  his  composi- 
tions at  the  annual  concert  of  the  St.  George's 
Chapel  Choir.  His  death  took  place  at 
Windlesham,  Surrey,  December  9, 1893.  He 
was  four  times  married;  his  widow  being  a 
sister  of  Sir  Joseuh  Savory,  ex-Lord  Mayor  of 
London.  In  1894,  she  published  "  The  Life 
and  Reminiscences  of  Sir  George  Elvey,  Lon- 
don, Sampson  Low. 

Works. — Jratorios  :  The  Resurreciion  and 
Ascension  (exercise  for  Mus.  Bac),  1838,  per- 
formed by  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Socieiy, 
Exeter  Hall,  December  2,  1840  ;  Mount  Car- 
mel.  A  birthday  ode  ;  Victoria,  an  ode 
composed  for  opening  of  Royal  Holloway 
College,  June  30,  1886,  words  by  Martin  Hol- 
loway ;  An  ode  to  the  north-east  wind.  An- 
thems :  Bow  down  thine  ear,  Gresham  prize, 
1834  ;  The  ways  of  Ziou  do  mourn  (exercise 
for  Mus.  Doc),  1840  ;  The  Lord  is  King,  com- 
posed for  Gloucester  Festival,  1853  ;  Sing,  0 
Heavens,  (for  Worcester),  1857,  and  many 
others.  Morning  and  evening  services  ;  Thirty 
cathedral  chants;  Fifteen  double  chants.  Tunes 
contributed  to  Hymns  ancient  and  modern, 
and  other  collections.  Glees  and  part-songs. 
Festal  March  for  orchestra,  omposed  for  th 
marriage  of  Princess  Louise ;  Introduction  and 
gavotte,  violin  and  pf.;  Christm  s  Bells,  im- 
promptu for  organ  or  pf.,  etc. 

Elvey,  Stephen,  composer  and  organist, 
brother  cf  above,  born  at  Canterbury,  in  June, 
1805.  He  studied,  at  Canterbury  Cathedral, 
under  Skeats,  and  became  organist  of  New 
College,  Oxford,  1830.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1831. 
Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  1838.  Choragus  at  Oxford, 
1848-60.     He  died  at  Oxford,  October  6,  1860. 

Works. — Services  and  Anthems.  The 
Psalter,  or  Canticles  and  Psalms,  Pointed  for 
Chanting,  upon  a  New  Principle,  London 
(6  editions  to  1866).     Hymns,  etc. 

Emanuel,  Louis  Alexander,  composer, 
born  at  Plymouth,  in  1819.  Student  and 
Associate,  R.A.M.  In  1841  was  appointed 
bandmaster  to  the  King's  Royal  Rifle  Corps, 
and  saw  activj  service  in  India.  For  many 
years  he  has  been  choirmaster  of  the  Bays- 
water  Sj'nagogue,  London.  Among  his  com- 
positions are  :  The  part-song,  "  Gentle  winds  "  ; 
the  duet,  "  The  Syren  and  the  Friar  "  ;  and 
the  descriptive  song,  "  The  Desert,"  which  is 
still  popular. 

Emdin,  John,  amateur  musician,  was 
born  at  Bristol  in  1784,  and  died  April  13, 
1827.  He  composed  the  ducts :  Ever  true ; 
Hope,  his  Pilot  shall  be,  etc. ;  Dearest  Ellen, 
awake ;  Lady,  tho'  thy  golden  hair ;  and  other 
songs,  and  vocal  music. 


ESTE. 

Emerson,  William,  mathematical  writer, 
author  of,  ainong  other  works,  "  Cycloura  thesis, 
or  an  easy  introduction  to  the  several  branches 
of  the  Mathematics,"  London,  14  vols.,  1763- 
70.     [Vol.  13  contains  "Music,"  etc]. 

Eos  Llechyd,  see  Davies  (Rev.  Owen). 

Eos  Morlais,  see  Rees  (Robert). 

Ennis,  John  Matthew,  organist,  pianist, 
and  composer,  born  at  Dover,  August  5,  1864. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1892;  Mus.  Doc,  1895, 
London.  Was  organist  and  choirmaster  of 
St.  Philip's,  Clerkenwell,  1883-7 ;  Holy  Trinity, 
Knightsbridge,  1887-93;  and  St.  Mary,  Brook- 
field,  London,  1893.  Has  given  concerts  in 
Myddelton  Hall,  Islington,  etc.  His  works 
are :  Psalm  46,  for  contralto  solo,  chorus,  and 
orchestra ;  Magnificat,  for  soli,  chorus,  strings, 
and  organ  ;  Songs  :  Beautiful  maiden,  etc. 

Esmond,  Wilfred,  tenor  vocalist  and 
comedian.  Was  for  many  years  a  member  of 
the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company,  and  also  sang 
in  comic  opera,  "  Les  Cloches  de  Corneville," 
etc  In  1890,  he  appeared  as  Thaddeus  in  the 
"  Bohemian  Girl,"  at  Capetown,  South  Africa. 
In  1895,  he  acted  as  stage  manager  for  the 
operatic  performance  of  the  Guildhall  School 
Students  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre. 

Essex,  Edward  Charles,  composer;  of 
the  firm  of  Hodge  and  Essex,  instrument 
dealers.  He  has  composed  an  Oratorio, 
"David,"  which  was  performed  at  Deal,  in 
December,  1893 ;  A  Trio,  Ave  Maria ;  Songs, 
etc 

Essex,  Timothy,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Coventry  in  1764.  He  was  a  teacher 
in  Coventry,  and  afterwards  organist  and 
choirmaster  of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Albemarle 
Street,  London,  near  which  he  also  had  a 
musical  academy.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1806. 
Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  1812.  He  died  at  London, 
September  27,  1847.  Composed  "Sonnets" 
of  various  kinds,  by  various  authors,  and  wrote 
Rondos,  six  ducts  for  2  flutes,  and  miscellane- 
ous pf.  music. 

Essex,  Countess  of,  see  Stephens 
(Catherine). 

Este,  Michael,  composer,  born  in  latter 
part  of  the  16th  century.  Son  of  Thomas 
Este.  Mus.  Bac,  Camb.,  1606.  He  was 
master  of  the  choristers  of  Lichfield  Cathedral, 
1618.     Died  about  1638. 

W^ORKS.— First  set  of  Madrigals,  London, 
1604;  Second  set,  London,  1606;  Third  set  o* 
Bookes,  wherein  are  Pastorals,  Anthems, 
Neapolitanes,  Fancies,  and  Madrigals,  to  5  and 
6  parts,  London,  1610;  Set  of  Madrigals, 
Anthems,  etc.,  1618;  Anthems,  1624;  Duos 
and  Fancies  for  Viols,  16;-58 ;  Hence,  Stars, 
j'ou  dazzle,  5  part  Madrigal  in  the  "Triumphs 
of  Oriana,"  etc. 

The  name  of  this  composer  is  variously  spelt 
Est,  East,  and  Easte.  He  is  only  supposed 
to  be  the  son  of  Thomas  Este. 


140 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ESTE. 

Este,  Thomas,  publisher  and  musician 
during  latter  half  of  10th  and  beginning  of 
the  17th  centuries.  He  died  about  1609. 
He  published  all  of  the  more  important  works 
of  his  time,  including  among  others  "The 
whole  Booke  of  Psalmes ;  with  their  wonted 
tunes  as  they  are  sung  in  Churches,  composed 
into  foure  parts,"  London,  1592;  Byrd's 
Psalms;  The  Triumphs  of  Oriana;  and  music 
by  Campion,  Dowland,  Gibbons  (Orlando), 
Weelkes,  Kirbye,  Wilbye,  ^lundy,  etc. 

Estwick,  Rev.  Sampson,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  in  1G57.  One  of  children  of 
the  Chapel  Royal.  He  studied  at  Oxford,  and 
became  Chaplain  of  Christ  Church.  Minor 
Canon  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1692.  Vicar  of 
St.  Helen's,  Bishopsgate,  London,  1701.  Do. 
of  St.  Michael's,  Queenhithe,  1712.  He  died 
in  February,  1739. 

Works. — The  usefulness  of  Church  Music ;  a 
sermon  preached  at  Christ  Church,  November 
27,  1696,  London,  1696.     Odes,  sermons,  etc. 

Etheridge,  George,  composer  of  the  16th 
century,  was  born  at  Thame,  Oxfordshire. 
Wrote  anthems,  madrigals,  and  songs. 

Euing,  William,  musician  and  collector, 
was  l)orn  at  Partick,  near  Glasgow,  May  20, 
1 788.  Educated  at  Glasgow  Gra:nmar  School. 
Was  an  underwriter  and  insurance  broker. 
He  died  at  Glasgow,  May  12, 1874.  He  founded, 
in  connection  with  Anderson's  College,  Glas- 
gow, a  music  lectureship,  by  deed  dated  1866, 
and  the  lectures  have  been  delivered  since 
1869.  He  left  also  his  valuable  musical  library 
to  the  same  institution,  together  with  £1,000 
for  its  maintenance.  This  library  has  never 
been  perfectly  accessible  to  students  and  the 
public  alike,  by  reason  of  some  neglect  in  the 
administration  of  the  provisions  of  the  be- 
quest. The  library  is  one  of  the  most  valuable 
in  Britain,  and  contains  many  rare  and  costly 
books  on  musical  theory  and  history,  together 
with  valuable  texts.  The  library  of  the  late 
Dr.  Rimbault  is  included  in  this  collection. 
In  1876,  a  very  poor  catalogue  of  this  library 
was  published,  and  in  1885,  a  notice  of  its 
contents,  by  Jas.  D.  Brown,  appeared  anony- 
mously in  Mason's  "  Public  and  private  Li- 
braries of  Glasgow." 

Evans,  Charles,  composer  and  organist. 
He  was  organist  at  Ludlow,  Shropshire,  early 
in  the  present  century.  Composer  of  six  son- 
atas for  pf.  or  harpsichord,  op.  3,  London 
1 1790]  ;  INIarch,  for  a  military  band,  op.  7 
[1807]  ;  Epicedium  on  the  death  of  Lord 
Viscount  Nelson  [1806]. 

Evans,  Charles  Smart,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  London,  in  1778.  Chorister 
at  Chapel  Royal,  under  Ayrton.  Gentleman 
of  the  Chapel'  Royal,  1808.  Organist  of  St. 
Paul's,  Covent  Garden.  Gained  prizes  for 
glees  in  1817,  1818,  and  1821.  He  died  at 
London,  January  4,  1849. 


EVANS. 

Works.— Six  Glees  (Clementi),  [1812] .  Col- 
lection of  Glees,  etc.,  London,  1825.  Music 
to  Linlev's  Ode  to  the  memory  of  Samuel 
Webbe,  1817  (prize  from  Catch  Club).  Two 
anthenas,  being  the  collects  for  the  first  Sunday 
after  Easter  .  .  .  [1830] .  1  will  love  Thee, 
anthem,  etc. 

Evans,  David  Emiyn,  composer,  born 
near  Newcastle  Emlyn,  Cardiganshire,  Sep- 
tember 21,  1843.  Is  musically  self-taught, 
with  the  exception  of  a  few  pianoforte  and 
organ  lessons,  which  he  took  while  engaged 
in  business  in  Cheltenham.  INIore  than  twenty 
years  of  his  life  have  been  spent  in  commercial 
pursuits,  so  that  his  musical  activity  has  been 
something  extraordinary.  From  1865  to  1867 
he  competed  at  the  leading  Eisteddfodau  in 
composition,  the  number  of  his  prize  works 
being  nearly  seventy.  After  the  Wrexham 
Eisteddfod  of  1876,  when  all  the  prizes  (four) 
in  vocal  compositions  were  awarded  him,  he 
retired  from  active  competition  ;  he  has  since 
acted,  however,  on  many  occasions,  as  adjudi- 
cator. He  has  edited  various  musical  Journals, 
and  is  now  joint-editor  of  Y  Cerddor  (The 
IMusician)  ;  also  edited  The  Biography  of 
Welsh  Musicians,  for  which  a  prize  of  £30 
was  awarded  M.  0.  Jones  (q.v.)  at  the  London 
National  Eisteddfod  (1887).  Is  author  of  a 
Manual  on  Accompaniment,  and  a  series  of 
papers  on  orchestration — the  first  ever  pub- 
lished in  Wales  ;  and  has  contributed  various 
papers  on  musical  subjects  to  the  London 
Cymmrodorion,  and  other  Welsh  literary 
societies. 

His  published  compositions  include  a  sacred 
cantata,  The  Christian's  Prayer  (produced, 
Corwen,  1891)  ;  Songs  of  the  Beatitudes,  for 
Sunday  School  Choirs ;  a  secular  cantata, 
The  Fairy  tribe ;  twenty-six  anthems  and 
sacred  choruses ;  thirty  glees  and  part-songs ; 
forty-eight  hymn  tunes;  thirty-six  songs; 
and  he  has  a  large  number  of  works  in  MS., 
including  a  cantata,  Merch  y  Llyn  (The  Maid 
of  the  Lake).  He  has  arranged  a  number  of 
old  Welsh  tunes,  anthems,  and  airs, — amongst 
the  last.  The  melodies  of  Wales,  specially 
issued,  and  performed  by  a  select  choir  before 
the  Queen,  at  Pal6,  Merionethshire,  during 
Her  Majesty's  visit  there  (1889).  Chief  musi- 
cal editor  of  the  Psalmist,  a  selection  of  tunes 
and  hymns,  chants  and  anthems,  for  the  use 
of  the  Welsh  Congregationalists — a  book  since 
merged  in  a  much  larger  collection.  The  Con- 
gregational Singer.  Editor  of  a  collection  of 
music  for  Sunday  Schools ;  and  has  arranged 
for  pf.  500  hitherto  unpublished  Welsh  airs, 
Alawon  Fy  Ng^vlad,  2  vols.,  Newtown,  Phillips, 
1896.  Scored  for  full  orchestra,  the  first 
Welsh  oratorio,  The  Sea  of  Tiberias  (Rev.  E. 
Stephen,,  q.v.). 

Evans,  David  Pughe,  tenor  vocalist  and 
song  composer,  born  at  Conwil-in-Elvet,  Car- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


141 


EVANS. 

marthenshire,  1866.  Played  the  violin,  and 
sang  in  a  choir  in  his  early  days.  Won  an 
open  scholarship  for  singing  at  R.C.M.,  1887, 
studying  under  G.  Henschel,  and  others.  On 
leaving,  he  joined  the  Rousbey  Opera  Com- 
pany, and  sang  in  several  provincial  towns, 
but  ill-health  obliged  him  to  quit  the  stage. 
He  afterwards  resided  in  Swansea  as  a  teacher, 
.and  died  there,  February  3,  1897,  of  chest 
disease.  He  composed  songs,  some  of  which 
have  been  popular  ;  and  won  prizes  at  various 
Eisteddfodau. 

Evans,  Edwin,  organist  and  composer, 
of  the  present  time.  Has  given  organ  recitals 
at  the  Bow  and  Bronaley  Institute,  London, 
1881-2  ;  and  conducted  concerts  at  Richmond, 
Surrey,  1884,  etc.  His  compositions  include 
a  symphony ;  pianoforte  concerto  (performed 
at  the  Promenade  Concerts,  November,  1882) ; 
suite  de  ballet,  orchestra  (the  same,  October, 
1888) ;  sonata,  pf .  duet ;  a  series  of  pieces  for 
the  organ,  and  some  vocal  music. 

Evans,  Evan,  clergyman  and  musician, 
born  20th  April,  1795  ;  died  at  Rhyl,  January 
21,  1855.  He  issued,  among  other  works, 
"  Y  Seraph,  sef  casgliad  o  donau  crefyddol, 
ar  amrywiol  fesurau":  Caerleon,  1838.  A 
collection  of  religious  tunes  :  Chester,  1838. 
Evans,  Fanny,  see  Frickenhaus,  Madame 
Evans,  Hugh,  Welsh  musician,  author 
of  a  catechism  of  music  entitled  "  Egwyd- 
doriou  peroriaeth,  ar  ddull  holwyddoreg  .  .  ." 
Llanrwst   [1825]. 

Evans,  Robert  Harding,  writer,  author 
of  "  An  Essay  on  the  Music  of  the  Hebrews, 
intended  as  a  preliminary  discourse  to  the 
Hebrew  Melodies  of  Braham  and  Nathan," 
London,  1816. 

Ewing,  Alexander,  amateur  composer, 
born  at  Aberdeen,  January  3,  1830.  Nephew 
of  Bishop  Ewing.  He  was  educated  at  Maris- 
chal  College,  Aberdeen.  .  After  being  trained 
for  the  law,  he  entered  the  army,  in  1855, 
and  became  a  st  if  paymaster,  with  the 
honorary  rank  of  lieut-colonel.  In  1867  he  mar- 
ried Juliana  Horatia  Gatty  ("Aunt  Judy"), 
the  authoress  of  many  books  for  the  young. 
He  died  at  Taunton,  July  14,  1895. 

He  is  chiefly  known  as  composer  of  the 
hymn-tune,  "  Ewing,"  usually  sung  to  the 
verses  beginning  "Jerusalem  the  Golden." 
This  has  frequently  been  ascribed  to  his  uncle, 
Bishop  Ewing. 

Eyre,  Alfred  James,  organist,  born  at 
Lambeth,  October  24,  1853.  Studied  at 
R.A.M.,  under  (Sir)  G.  A.  Macfarren,  F.  West- 
lake,  and  others  ;  and  the  organ  with  W.  S. 
Hoyte,  and  G.  Cooper.  Organist  at  St. 
Peter's,  Vauxhall,  1867-72,  and  again,  1874-81 ; 
St.  Ethelburga's,  Bishopsgate  Street,  1872-74  ; 
and  St.  John  Evangelist,  Upper  Norwood, 
from  1881.  In  May,  1880,  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  the  Crystal  Palace,  a  position  he 


FANING. 

held  until  ill-health  compelled  him  to  retire 
in  1894.  He  has  given  recitals  at  the  Bow 
and  Bromley  Institute  ;  Birmingham  Town 
Hall  (October,  1890),  and  elsewhere.  In  1885, 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  R.A.M.,  and 
is  now  a  Fellow.  His  compositions  include 
Church  Services  (one  written  for  the  Salisbury 
Diocesan  Choral  Association) ;  Songs,  part- 
songs,  and  pieces  for  pf.  In  MS.  he  has  a 
setting  of  the  126ih  Psalm  ;  a  scena  for  so- 
prano solo  and  orchestra  ;  String  quartet ; 
pf.  trio,  etc.  He  married  Miss  Margaret 
BucKNALL,an  accomplished  pianist,  A.R.A.M. 
Who  has  played  at  various  concerts  with  suc- 
cess. 

Facer,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer 
of  present  time.  Has  held  various  organ 
appointments  in  Birmingham,  and  is  teacher 
of  singing  at  King  Edward's  Grammar  Schools 
in  that  city.  Conductor  of  a  Choral  Union, 
and  gives  concerts  in  the  Birmingham  Town 
Hall.  He  has  composed  the  Cantatas,  Noel- 
Tide,  1892;  The  Crusaders,  1893;  Maid  of 
Lorn,  produced  at  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  Festival, 
Crystal  Palace,  July  11,  1896;  Part-songs, 
school  music,  action  songs,  etc. 

Fairbairn,  James,  writer,  author  of 
"  Elements  of  Music:  Part  I.,  Melody,  con- 
taining an  explanation  of  the  Simpler  Prin- 
ciples of  the  Science.  Part  II.,  Harmony, 
with  Appendix  on  the  nature  and  causes  of 
sound,  and  the  consonance  and  dissonance  of 
intervals,  as  arising  from  one  system  of 
vibration,"  Edinburgh,  1832. 

Fairfax,  Robert,  or  Fayrfax,  composer, 
born  at  Bayford,  Herts,  in  latter  part  of  the 
fifteenth  century  [1470] .  Mus.  Doc. ,  Cantab., 
1501-2  ;  Do.,  Oxford,  1511.  About  1509  he 
was  appointed  one  of  the  Grentlemen  of  the 
King's  Chapel.  Organistof  the  Abbey  Church 
of  St.  Albans.  He  died  at  St.  Albans  in  1529- 
30.  He  composed  sacred  and  secular  music, 
but  is  chiefly  known  as  the  composer  of  a 
volume  of  songs  in  two,  three,  and  four  parts, 
now  preserved  in  MS.  in  the  British  Museum. 
Other  compositions  of  the  same  master  are 
in  the  Music  School  of  Oxford,  at  Cambridge, 
Lambeth  Palace,  etc. 

Faning,  Eaton,  composer  and  conductor, 
born  at  Helston,  Cornwall,  May  20,  1850. 
Received  his  first  lessons  from  his  parents, 
and,  in  1870,  entered  the  R.A.M.,  studying 
under  Sterndale  Bennett,  C.  Steggall,  and 
others.  In  1873  he  won  the  Mendelssohn 
Scholarship,  and  in  1876  the  Lucas  medal  for 
composition.  A.R.A.M.,  1877;  Professor, 
1878  ;  and  later,  a  Fellow  of  the  Institution. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1894. 
Held  various  posts  at  the  National  Training 
School,  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music,  and 
R.C.M.,  until  1885,  when  he  was  offered,  and 
accepted,   the    position   of    Director   of    the 


142 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


FANNING. 

Music  at  Harrow  School,  which  he  still  holds. 
His  compositions  include  a  Magnificat  and 
Nunc  Dimittis,  for  voices  and  orchestra,  per- 
formed at  the  Festival  of  the  Sons  of  the 
Clergy,  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1878;  An- 
thems, part-songs ;  Moonlight,  Song  of  the 
Vikings;  Choral  ballad,  The  Miller's  Wooing; 
Chorus,  Daybreak,  with  orchestra;  Songs,  etc. 
Operettas:  The  Two  Majors,  R.A.M.,  1877; 
Mock  Turtle,  1881 ;  and  The  Head  of  the 
Poll,  German  Reed,  1882.  Dramatic  Cantata, 
Liberty,  1882;  Cantata  for  female  voices. 
Buttercups  and  Daisies.  Symphony  in  C 
minor ;  Overture,  The  Holiday,  Promenade 
Concerts,  Covent  Garden,  1882;  Quartets; 
Allegro,  pf.  and  clarinet ;  Pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Fanning,  Charles,  Irish  harp-player  and 
collector,  born  about  1736.  Assisted  Bunting 
with  his  collections.    Date  of  death  unknown. 

Farmer,  Henry,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  NotDingluun,  May  13,  1819,  son  of 
John  Farmer,  a  vocalist.  Chiefly  self-taught 
in  music,  but  had  some  lessons  from  J.  Wade 
Thirlwall.  A  concert-giver  from  1841,  he  led 
a  busy  life  to  the  last  in  his  native  town. 
Was  for  many  years  leader  of  the  Birmingham 
Festival  Choral  Society's  concerts  and  mem- 
ber of  the  Festival  orchestra  in  1846  (but  not 
leader),  and  for  some  time  after.  Organist  of 
High  Pavement  Chapel,  Nottingham,  for  over 
40  years  ;  and  conductor  of  the  Nottingham 
Sacred  Harmonic  Society  up  to  1880.  An 
active  volunteer,  he  became  Captain  in  the 
Robin  Hood  Rifles.  Engaged  in  a  music 
business  for  fifty  years,  he  retired  on  a  fortune 
just  two  days  before  his  death,  which  took 
place  June  25,  1891.  His  works  comprised  a 
Mass  in  B  flat,  published  in  1844 ;  a  violin 
concerto,  performed  at  Nottingham,  Novem- 
ber 25,  1841  ;  other  concertos  and  violin 
pieces;  Overture,  "Calypso,"  Nottingham, 
1845.  Glees — Welcome  joy  and  harmony, 
prize,  Nottingham,  1845  ;  The  Wine  Cup,  and 
others.  "  Singing  Quadrilles,"  and  various 
pf.  pieces.  New  Violin  School ;  The  Violin 
Student  ;  New  Violin  Tutor  ;  Tutor  for 
American  Organ  and  Harmonium ;  various 
arrangements,  etc.  His  daughter,  Emily 
Bardsley  Farmer  (Mrs.  Arthur  W.  Lam- 
bert), is  a  composer,  her  works  including  a 
quartet  for  pf .  and  strings ;  an  operetta  for 
children,  "  Nell,"  produced  at  Nottingham, 
1893 ;  pieces  for  harp  and  pf.,  songs,  etc. 
Other  musical  artists  of  the  name  were  Anna 
Maria  Farmer,  a  vocalist,  who  died  in  Lon- 
don, April  11,  1846;  and  her  sister,  Dinah 
Farmer,  a  pianist  of  distinction  (afterwards, 
Mrs.  De  Lisle  Allen),  who  died  in  London, 
March  10,  1884. 

Farmer,  John,  composer  of  the  16th 
century,  harmonized  Este's  Psalms,  and 
composed  "  Cantas,  the  first  set  of  English 
Madrigals  to  foure  Voyces,  newly  composed 


FARNIE. 

by  John  Farnier,  practitioner  in  the  art  of 
musicque.  Little  Saint  Helen's,"  1599  ;  "Fair 
Nymphs,"  six-part  Madrigal  in  "Triumphs  of 
Oriana;"  Divers  and  Saundrie  waies  of  two 
parts  in  one,  to  the  number  of  fortie  upon  one 
playn-song,"  etc.,  London,  1591.  His  bio- 
graphy is  unknown. 

Farmer,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Nottingham,  August  16,  1886.  Nep- 
l.ew  of  Henry  Farmer.  Studied  at  Leipzig 
Conservatorium,  and  under  Andreas  Spath, 
at  Coburg.  Resident  as  music  teacher  for 
some  years  at  Zurich.  In  1862  was  appointed 
music  master  at  Harrow  School,  a  position 
he  held  until  1885,  when  he  became  organist 
of  Balliol  College,  Oxford.  There  he  instituted 
a  Musical  Society,  and  has  given  much  atten- 
tion to  concerts  of  an  educational  character. 
His  compositions  include  an  oratorio,  "  Christ 
and  his  Soldiers,"  produced  at  Harrow,  March, 
1878  ;  Requiem  in  memory  of  departed  Har- 
row friends;  "Cinderella,"  a  fairy  opera, 
composed  1882,  performed,  Harrow,  Novem- 
ber, 1883;  Comic  cantata,  "Froggy  would  a 
wooing  go,"  Oxford,  1887  ;  Nursery  rhymes 
quadrilles,  for  chorus  and  orchestra.  Septets 
in  C  and  D,  for  pf.,  strings,  and  flute  ;  Quin- 
tet, pf.  and  strings,  Harrow,  1874.  Editor  of 
hymns  and  tunes  for  High  Schools  ;  Harrow 
glee  book ;  Harrow  School  Songs ;  Harrow 
marches  ;  Dulce  Domum  ;  Rhymes  and  songs, 
etc. 

Farmer,  Thomas,  composer  of  the  17th 
century,  was  one  of  the  waits  of  London,  and 
Mus.  Bac. ,  Cantab.,  1684.  He  died  before 
1695,  and  Purcell  has  included  an  elegy  on 
him  in  "  Orpheus  Britannicus." 

Works. — A  consort  of  musick  in  four  parts, 
containing  thirty-three  lessons,  beginning 
with  an  overture,  1686.  A  second  consort  of 
musick  in  four  parts,  containing  eleven 
Lessons,  beginning  with  a  ground,  1690. 
Songs  in  Playford's  Choice  Ayres,  1675,  and 
in  various  collections  of  his  time. 

Farnaby,  Giles,  composer  and  spinnet 
player,  born  at  Truro,  Cornwall,  about  middle 
of  the  16th  century  [1560].  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon., 
July,  1592.  Date  of  death  unknown,  but  he 
lived  mostly  in  London,  and  Sevenoaks, 
Kent. 

Works. — Canzonets  to  foure  Voyces,  with 
a  Song  of  eight  parts,  London,  1598. 
Madrigals.  Pieces  contributed  to  Queen 
Elizabeth's  Virginal  Book  (which  also  contains 
four  pieces  by  Richard  Farnaby,  a  son  of 
Giles).  Psalms  in Ravenscroft's  collection, etc. 

Farnie,  Henry  Brougham,  musician 
and  librettist,  was  born  in  Fife  about  1837. 
He  was  educated  at  St.  Andrews  and  Cam- 
bridge Universities,  and  was  for  some  time 
editor  of  the  Fifeshire  Journal.  In  1863  he 
settled  in  London,  and  was  editor  of  the 
Orchestra,  Sock  and  Buskin,  and  Paris  Times. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


143 


FARNOL. 

He  also  was  associated  with  Henderson  in  the 
opera  boufEe  productions  at  the  Strand,  Folly, 
Avenue,  and  Comedy  Theatres.  He  compiled 
and  wrote  the  librettos  of  a  number  of  oper- 
ettas, pantomimes,  songs,  etc. ;  and  transla- 
ted most  of  the  more  successful  modern 
French  comic  operas.  His  talents  as  an 
adapter  were  of  the  highest  order.  Among 
his  productions  may  be  named  "  Sleeping 
Queen,"  "Rip  Van  Winkle,"  "Cloches  de 
Corneville,"  by  Planquette.  He  also  wrote 
words  for  Arditi's  "  Stirrup  Cup,"  and  trans- 
lated Gounod's  "  Romeo  et  Juliette,"  "  La 
Reine  de  Saba,"  etc.  He  died  at  Paris, 
September  21,  1889.  By  his  will  he  left 
£23,072  to  his  sister. 

Parnol,  Eleanor,  see  Moir,  Mrs.  F.  L. 

Parquharson,  James,  musician  and 
teacher  in  Edinburgh.  Published  a  "  Selection 
of  Sacred  Music,  suitable  for  public  and  pri- 
vate devotion,"  Edinburgh,  1824. 

Farrant,  Daniel,  composer,  of  the  16th 
and  17th  centuries ;  set  lessons  for  the  viol 
in  what  was  known  as  lyra-way,  in  imitation 
of  the  lute. 

Farrant,  John,  composer,  of  the  16th 
century,  was  organist  of  Salisbury  Cathedral, 
about  1600.     Biography  unknown. 

Another  John  Farbant,  or  not  unlikely  the 
same,  was  organist  of  Christ's  Hospital,  Lon- 
don, about  the  same  time. 

Farrant,  Richard,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  about  1530.  He  was  one  of  the 
Gentlemen  of  the  Chapel  Royal  to  1564. 
Master  of  Choristers,  St.  George's  Chapel, 
Windsor,  1564-69.  Again  Gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  1569-80.  Organist  and  Lay- 
Vicar,  St.  George's  Chapel.  He  died  at  Wind- 
sor, November  30,  1580. 

Works. — Services  in  G  minor,  D  minor, 
and  A  minor.  Anthems :  Call  to  Remem- 
brance ;  Hide  not  thou  thy  face  ;  Lord  for 
Thy  tender  mercies  sake ;  0  Lord,  Almighty, 
etc. 

The  work  by  which  Farrant  is  best  known 
is  "  Lord  for  Thy  tender  mercies  sake,"  an 
anthem  which  is  of  disputed  authorship,  some 
attributing  it  to  John  Hilton.  It  has  also 
been  adapted  as  a  psalm  tune,  in  which  form 
it  appears  in  numerous  collections. 

Farrar,  Joseph,  writer  and  physician, 
who  studied  at  Edinburgh,  etc.,  and  gradu- 
ated M.D.  at  St.  Andrews,  1884.  Now  in 
practice  in  Gainsborough.  Author  of  "The 
Human  Voice  and  connected  parts.  A  prac- 
tice book  for  orators,  clergymen,  vocalists, 
and  others."    London,  1881,  etc. 

Farren,  Qeorge,  author  of  "  The  Mortal- 
ities of  Celebrated  Musicians,"  London,  1834. 

Faulkes,  William,  organist,  pianist,  and 
composer,  born  in  Liverpool,  November  4, 
1863.  Studied  under  William  Dawson,  and 
the  late  Henry  Dillon-Newman.     Organist  of 


FAWCETT. 

St.  Margaret's,  Anfield,  Liverpool,  since  1886. 
Resident  there  as  teacher  and  performer. 

Works. — Concerto  in  C  minor,  pf.  and  or- 
chestra, 1891 ;  Concerto  in  A  minor,  violin 
and  orchestra,  composed  1892,  performed.  Art 
Club,  Liverpool,  May,  1893 ;  Suite  in  C  minor, 
for  flute,  oboe,  trumpet,  strings,  and  pf.,  1892. 
Trios,  for  pf.,  violin,  and  'cello,  D  minor, 
composed  1891,  performed  at  Conference  of 
Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians,  London, 
January,  1893  ;  G  minor,  and  C  minor.  Twelve 
pieces  for  organ  ;  Sonata  in  D  minor ;  Concert 
overture  in  E  flat ;  and  other  organ  pieces. 
Pianoforte  pieces ;  three  pieces  awarded  the 
prize  offered  by  the  North-Western  Section, 
I.S.M.,  1893.  Pieces  for  violin,  violoncello, 
etc. 

Faulkner,  Thomas,  musician.  Author 
of  "  Organ  Builders'  Assistant,"  London, 
1826.     "  Designs  for  Organs,"  London,  1838. 

Fawcett,  a  remarkable  Yorkshire  family 
of  musicians.  Joseph  Fawcett,  the  head 
was  born  about  1815,  and  followed  his  occu- 
pation as  a  weaver  at  Horsforth,  and  after- 
wards at  Eccleshill,  whither  he  was  invited  to 
assist  in  the  choir  of  the  New  Connexion 
Chapel.  He  sang  tenor,  played  the  violin, 
and  was  choirmaster.  He  has  five  sons, 
musicians,  John,  Joseph,  Samuel,  trombone 
players ;  Tom,  pianist  and  organist ;  and  Han- 
del, contrabassist.  John  has  two  sons  in  the 
profession  ; — Harry,  a  violinist ;  and  Men- 
delssohn, a  clarinettist.  Joseph  junior's 
son,  Charles,  is  a  violinist ;  and  the  three 
sons  of  Samuel,  named  Charlesworth,  Ver- 
di, and  Weber,  play  clarinet,  violin,  and 
oboe,  respectively;  while  Fawcett  Midgley, 
the  married  sister's  son,  is  a  bassoonist.  The 
members  of  this  family  are  known  all  over 
the  north  of  England ;  they  have  played  regu- 
larly for  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company,  and 
some  have  toured  the  country  through,  while 
others  are  known  as  skilled  players  in  Cham- 
ber Concerts. 

Fawcett,  John,  composer  and  writer,  was 
born  at  Kendal,  in  1789.  He  was  a  shoemaker 
for  a  time,  but  afterwards  became  a  teacher 
of  music  in  Bolton,  Lancashire.  He  died  at 
Bolton,  October  26,  1867. 

Works. — New  set  of  sacred  music,  in  three 
parts  ...  by  John  Fawcett,  of  Kendal  [1830] . 
Miriam's  timbrel,  a  new  set  of  psalm  and 
hymn  tunes  . . .  London,  n.d.  Melodia  divina, 
a  collection  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  London 
[1841] .  Harp  of  Zion,  consisting  of  original 
tunes,  and  pieces  [1845] .  The  Cherub  Lute 
.  .  .  hymns,  etc.,  London  [1845].  Voice  of 
Devotion,  containing  400  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,  Glasgow  [1862-63].  Music  for  Thous- 
ands, or  the  vocalist's  manual  [1845] .  Lan- 
cashire Vocalist,  a  complete  guide  to  singing 
at  sight,  London  [1854].  Chanting  made 
easy,  London  [1857] .  Paradise,  oratorio  [1865]. 


144 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


FAWCETT. 

The  Seraphic  Choir,  a  Christmas  piece,  1840. 
Juvenile  I'ianist's  Companion,  1850.  Etude 
de  Salon,  for  pf.,  op.  1.  Anthems,  Temper- 
ance songs,  etc. 

Fawcett,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
son  of  above,  born  at  Bolton,  182i.  He  studied 
under  his  father,  and  became  organist  of  St. 
John's  Church,  Farnworth,  1835.  Organist 
of  Parish  Church,  Bolton,  1842.  He  studied 
at  the  R.A.M.,  London,  under  Bennett,  from 
1845.  Organist  of  Curzon  Street  Chapel, 
London,  1845-46.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1852. 
He  died  at  Manchester,  July  1,  1857. 

He  wrote  a  cantata,  "  Supplication  and 
Thanksgiving,"  as  a  degree  exercise,  1852  ; 
anthems,  glees,  songs,  and  pf.  music. 

Fawcett.  Rev.  Joshua,  musician,  edited 
"  Lyra  Ecclesiastica,  consisting  of  voluntaries, 
introits,  chants,  services,  anthems."  Brad- 
ford, 1845.     Preface  by  Rev.  W.  H.  Havergal. 

Fayrfax.  Robert;  sec  F.\ikfax. 

Fearnside,  Frederick,  didactic  writer, 
was  a  chorister  at  Norwich  Cathedral  in  1848, 
and  afterwards  articled  to  Dr.  Buck.  He  died 
at  Bradford,  October,  1888.  Author  of  "  The 
Systematic  and  Comprehensive  Singing  Man- 
ual "  [1887]. 

Fearon,  see  Glossop. 

Featherstone,  Isabella,  see  Paul  (Mrs. 
Howard). 

Felton,  Rev.  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  1715.  Was  Yicar-Choral  at 
Hereford  in  1741,  and  afterwards  Llinor  canon. 
He  was  Yicar  of  Norton  Canon,  1751-69.  He 
died  on  December  6,  1769.  He  wrote  con- 
certos for  organ  and  harpsichord ;  and  eight 
sets  of  easy  lessons  for  the  harpsichord,  ops.  3 
and  8.  He  composed  the  well-known  hymn 
tune,  "Fabian."  He  was  esteemed  in  his 
day  a  remarkable  performer. 

Fenton,  Lavinia,  6o7n  Bestwick,  soprano 
vocalist,  who  made  her  debut  at  London  in 
1726.  She  was  the  original  Polly  Peachem 
in  "The  Beggar's  Opera,"  January  29,  1728. 
Retired  from  the  stage  as  mistress  of  the 
third  Duke  of  Bolton.  Married  to  him  at 
Aix,  Provence,  1751.  She  died  at  Greenwich, 
January,  1760. 

This  singer  has  interest  for  the  present  time 
only  in  her  connection  with  that  ever-famous 
work,  "  The  Beggar's  Opera,"  in  which  she 
scored  an  enonnous  success. 

Fergus,  John,  composer,  was  born  at 
Huntly,  Aberdeenshire,  in  1767.  He  was  or- 
ganist of  St.  Andrew's  Episcopal  Church, 
Glasgow,  for  a  number  of  years.  Died  at 
Glasgow,  June  10,  1825.  He  composed  three 
glees,  songs,  and  organ  pieces. 

Ferrabosco,  a  family  of  musicians.  Alfon- 
so, son  of  an  Italian  composer  of  the  same 
name,  who  settled  in  England  some  time 
before  1567,  was  born  at  Greenwich,  at  a  date 
unknown,  probably  about  1570.    He  was  taken 


FIELD. 

to  Italy  by  his  father,  and  studied  at  Bologna. 
Musical  instructor  to  Prince  Henry,  1605. 
PubHshed  "Ayres,"  1609.  Died  in  1628.  His 
works  included  lessons,  and  fancies,  and  he 
contributed  to  Sir  William  Leighton's  "  Lam- 
entacions,"  1614.  His  son,  Alfonso  Ferra- 
bosco, succeeded  his  father  in  the  King's  band 
in  March,  1627-8.  With  his  brother,  Henry, 
he  was  appointed  a  musician-in-ordinary  to 
the  King.  Some  pieces  for  viols  are  to  be 
found  in  the  Addit.  MSS.,  British  Museum. 
He  died  in  1661.  John  Ferrabosco,  son 
either  of  Alfonso  or  Henry,  was  Mus.  Bac, 
Cambridge,  1671.  Organist  of  Ely  Cathedral 
from  1662  to  1682,  when  he  died.  Anthems 
by  him  are  in  the  Ely  Cathedral  library.  The 
history  of  this  family  is  obscure,  but  the  best 
account  will  be  found  in  the  Dictionary  of 
National  Biography,  xviii.,  pp.  375-7. 

Ferrey,  George,  organist  of  Christ  Church 
Priory,  Hampshire,  from  1851,  until  his  death, 
February  10,  1893.  His  predecessor,  a  Mr. 
Hiscock,  was  appointed  when  the  organ  was 
built,  in  1788,  the  two  holding  office  for  more 
than  a  century. 

Ff  rangcon  =  Davies,  see  Davies, 
D.  Ffrangcon. 

Field,  Henry  Ibbot,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  at  I3ath,  December  6,  1797.  He  studied 
under  Coombs,  of  Cheltenham,  and  taught 
music  at  Bath,  where  he  died.  May  19,  1848. 
He  wrote  some  unimportant  music  for  the 
pianoforte.  He  was  one  of  the  few  provincial 
pianists  thought  worthj'  of  a  hearing  in  Lou- 
don. At  the  Philharmonic  Concerts,  February 
25,  1822,  he  played  a  concerto  by  Hummel 
(in  A  minor  ?),  for  the  first  time  in  England  ; 
and,  June  22,  1840,  he  played  Hummel's 
B  minor  concerto.  His  father,  Thomas  Field, 
was  organist  of  Bath  Abbey. 

Field,  John,  composer  and  pianist,  born 
at  Dublin,  July  26,  1782.  Apprenticed  to 
Clementi,  London,  under  whom  he  afterwards 
studied.  Taken  by  Clementi  to  Paris,  Germany 
and  Russia.  Teacher  at  St.  Petersburg, 
1804,  and  at  Moscow,  1823.  Appeared  at 
London  Philharmonic  Concert,  1832.  He 
played  in  Belgium,  Switzerland,  and  Italy, 
and  afterwards  returned  to  Russia  vrith  a 
family  named  Raemann.  He  died  at  Moscow, 
January  11,  1837. 

Works. — Op.  1.  Three  Sonatas  for  pf.  in  A, 
E  flat,  and  C  minor.  Seven  Concertos  for  pf . 
and  orch.,  in  E  flat,  A  flat,  E  flat,  E  flat,  C, 
C,  C  minor.  Two  Divertissements  for  pf., 
with  accomp.  for  2  vns.,  flute,  alto  and  bass. 
Quintet  for  pf.,  2  vns.,  alto  and  bass.  Rondo 
for  pf.  and  quartet.  Variations  on  Russian 
air  for  pf.  duet.  Grand  Valse  for  pf.  duet. 
Three  Sonatas  for  pf.  in  A,  B,  and  C.  Sonata 
for  pf.  in  B.  Exercise  in  Modulation  for  pf. 
Two  Airs  for  pf .  Fantasias  for  pf .  Eighteen 
Nocturnes   for   pf.     Rondo   Ecossais  for   pf. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


145 


FIELD. 

Polonaises  for  pf.  Two  Songs  for  Voice  and 
pf.  Romances  for  pf.  Rondos,  and  miscel- 
laneous pieces. 

Field,  John  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  near  ^lanchester,  February  4, 
1850.  First  musical  studies  private.  Later, 
pupil  of  Sir  John  Stainer,  and  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge. 
In  1868,  appointed  organist  and  choirmaster. 
Parish  Church,  Holywell, North  Wales;  1870, 
Christ  Church,  Southport ;  1872,  St.  German's, 
Blackheath;  and,  two  years  later,  to  Christ 
Church,  Lee  Park,  Kent,  where  he  is  still  in 
ofl&ce.    Associate  of  the  Philharmonic  Society. 

Works. — Morning,  Communion,  and  Even- 
ing Service  in  D ;  Benedictus  and  Agnus  Dei, 
in  F ;  Magnificat  and  Nunc  Dimittis  in  G  ; 
The  Canticles  of  the  Church,  Two  Sets ;  Chant 
Services.  Anihevis  :  Send  out  Thy  Light ; 
Lord  of  our  life ;  Hail!  gladdening  light ;  and 
others ;  Carols.  Songs  :  An  old  story  ;  Two 
children  fair ;  Part-songs,  etc.  Offerto^re  a  la 
Sonate,  in  three  movements,  and  other  organ 
pieces ;  Nocturne,  pf.  ;  Pieces  for  pf.  and 
violin  ;  Romance  in  A,  etc.,  etc. 

Filby,  William  Charles,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Hammersmith,  18-36.  Was 
organist  of  St.  Peter,  Hammersmith,  in  1849, 
afterwards  spending  some  time  in  study  in 
France.  Organist  and  choirmaster.  Parish 
Church,  Bromley,  1853 ;  St.  Peter's,  Walworth; 
St.  Matthew's,  Bayswater ;  St.  Luke's,  West- 
bourne  Park ;  Holy  Trinity,  Margate ;  Holy 
Trinity,  Stepney;  and  since  1884,  of  St. Paul's, 
West  Greenwich.  Conductor  of  Choral 
Societies  at  Greenwich,  Chelsea,  etc.  Has 
given  organ  recitals  in  London,  and  in  various 
provincial  towns.  Was  one  of  the  appointed 
organists  at  the  International  Exhibitions, 
1882  and  1885.  Lecturer  on  subjects  con- 
nected with  Church  music,  the  opera,  and 
musical  education.  His  compositions  are 
verj'  numerous,  and  include  settings  in  Can- 
tata form,  of  Psalms  13,  23,  and  65 ;  A  IMass 
in  E  flat,  op.  24 ;  Mass  in  E,  op.  28 ;  Salve 
Regina,  op.  67,  and  other  music  for  the  Roman 
Catholic  Service.  Anthems,  settings  of  the 
Canticles.  Operettas,  Your  money  or  j'our 
life ;  Alabama  claims.  A  number  of  songs, 
choruses,  and  part-songs.  Sonatas  in  E,  op. 
66,  and  G  minor,  op.  76,  with  many  other 
pieces  for  pf .  Four  organ  voluntaries,  op.  110 ; 
Three  organ  pieces,  op.  124,  etc.  Revising 
editor  of  Lady  V.  Freke's  tune-book.  Song  of 
Praise ;  and  of  J.  B.  Mead's,  The  Treasury. 
Contributor  of  hymn-tunes  to  Hymns  Ancient 
and  Modern ;  The  Bristol  Tune-book,  etc. 
Author  of  Piccolo  Tutor  (London  :  Williams); 
Flute  Tutor ;  How  to  write  music ;  The 
Student's  Copy  Book  (Loudon,  1882). 

His  brother,  Stephen  Filby  (born  1831, 
died  1895),  was  organist  of  the  Parish  Church, 
Hammersmith,  for  over  twenty  years,  and 
afterwards  of  Holy  Trinity,  Barnes,  and  the 


FISHER. 

Parish  Church,  Wealdstone,  Harrow.  He 
was  an  extemporaneous  player  of  repute. 

Filmer,  Edward,  composer  of  the  17th 
century.  He  published  "French  Court  Ayres 
of  four  and  five  parts,"  1629. 

Finch,  Hon.  and  Rev.  Edward,  com- 
poser and  clergyman,  fifth  son  of  the  1st  Earl 
of  Nottingham,  born  in  1664,  died  at  York, 
February  14,  1738.  He  composed  anthems, 
psalms,  etc. ;  also  a  "  Grammar  for  Thorough- 
bass, with  examples."  MS.  of  66  pages  in 
the  Euing  Library,  Glasgow. 

Findlay,  William,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Crofthead,  Linlithgow,  August 
11,  1854.  Resident  at  Broxburn,  in  the  same 
county,  as  a  music  teacher.  He  has  composed 
a  number  of  reels,  hornpipes,  strathspeys,  and 
other  Scottish  dance  music. 

Firth,  R.  A.,  composer,  and  organist  of 
St.  John's,  Hampstead,  compiled  "  Select 
portions  of  the  new  version  of  Psalms,  adapted 
to  a  choice  collection  of  Psalm  tunes,  for  the 
use  of  the  Parish  Church  of  St.  John,  Hamp- 
stead," London,  1819.  "Congregational  and 
domestic  praise,  consisting  of  select  portions 
of  psalms  and  hymns  adapted  to  appropriate 
tunes  .  .  . ,"  London,  1835.  Six  canzonets 
[1825].     Hymns,  pf.  music,  etc. 

Fish,  William,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  Norwich,  in  1775.  Violinist  in  Nor- 
wich theatre.  Teacher  of  music  at  Norwich. 
Was  musical  preceptor  of  Edward  Taylor  and 
George  Perry,  and  a  composer  of  concertos; 
grand  sonata  for  the  pf.,  op.  1  ;  glees,  and 
songs.     He  died  at  Norwich,  March  15,  1866. 

Fisher,  Arthur  E.,  is  a  professor  of  har- 
mony, counterpoint,  and  composition,  in  the 
Toronto  College  of  Music.  He  is  a  Mus.  Bac. 
(Toronto  ?)  and  A.R.C.O.,  England.  He  has 
composed  a  cantata  for  female  voices,  "  The 
Wreck  of  the  Hesperus."  Edward  Fisher, 
another  Toronto  musician,  was  musically 
educated  in  Germany.  He  was  musical 
director  of  the  Ottawa  Ladies'  College,  and 
conductor  of  the  Choral  Society  in  that  city. 
Organist  of  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Toronto; 
conductor  of  the  Toronto  Choral  Society  for 
some  years  up  to  1891.  From  its  establish- 
ment, in  1887,  he  has  been  principal  of  the 
Toronto  Conservatory  of  Music.  Elected  Presi- 
dent of  the  Canadian  Society  of  Musicians, 
1888,  and  again  in  1889. 

Fisher,  Henry,  didactic  writer,  and 
teacher,  born  at  Blackpool,  December  21, 
1845.  Chiefly  self-taught  in  music.  Appren- 
ticed to  a  firm  of  music-sellers  in  ^Manchester, 
he  acquired  a  knowledge  of  the  pianoforte, 
and  gained  further  experience  as  assistant  to 
a  1  rofessor  of  music  at  Darlington.  Grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac,  1876;  Mus.  Doc,  18T8, 
Cambridge.  For  three  years  was  organist  of 
Christ  Church,  Blackpool,  in  which  town  he 
is  settled  as  a  teacher  of  singing,  pianoforte, 

J 


146 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


FISHER. 

and  harmony.  He  is  an  earnest  studnt  in 
every  brancli  of  knowledge,  and  has  been 
elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Geological  Society. 
His  compositions  are  two  cantatas,  "  Ruth, 
the  Gleauer,"  and  "The  Call  of  Gideon;"  a 
romance  for  viola  and  orchestra,  and  some 
minor  works.  I^esides  contributions  to  the 
musical  press,  and  lectures,  he  is  author  of 
The  Musical  Profession,  a  handbook  for  pro- 
fessors of  the  present  and  the  future;  The 
Candidate  in  Music,  Part  I.,  a  text  book  of 
musical  dements,  and  II.,  Harmony;  editor 
and  jjart  author  of  E.  Q.  Norton's  Construc- 
tion, tuning,  and  care  of  the  pianoforte  ;  and 
also  of  John  Cucwen's  The  Harmony  Player, 
f  -r  the  liarmoniunT","-all  i  ublished  by  Curwen 
and  Sons,  for  which  firm  he  has  arranged 
a  number  of  operas  for  children's  voices. 

Fisher,  J.  Churchill,  a  composer,  born 
in  Australia.  Has  w-ritten  a  Cantata,  "  The 
Emigrants,"  produced  at  Parramata,  Febru- 
ary 22,  1887. 

Fisher,  John  Abraham,  composer  and 
violinist,  born  at  Dunstable,  or  London,  1744. 
He  studied  under  Pinto,  and  appeared  at 
King's  Theatre  as  violinist,  176.9.  In  1764 
he  became  a  member  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
Musicians.  Married  Miss  Powell,  1770. 
Bac.  and  Doc.  Mus.,  Oxon.,  1777.  Travelled 
in  Russia  and  Germany.  Married  Anne 
Selina  Storace,  1784,  but  separated  from  her 
soon  afterwards.  He  lived  in  Dublin  as  a 
teacher,  and  died  in  !May,  1806. 

Works. — Music  to  The  Monster  of  the 
Wood,  1772  ;  The  Sylphs,  1774  ;  Prometheus, 
1776  ;  The  Norwood  Gypsies,  1777 ;  Macbeth. 
Providence,  oratorio  (for  degree),  1777.  Sym- 
phonies ;  Concertos  for  pf.,  and  for  oboe; 
Violin  and  flute  music  ;  Canzonets.  A  com- 
parative view  of  the  English,  French,  and 
Italian  Schools,  consisting  of  Airs  and  Glees 
composed  as  examples  of  their  several  man- 
ners, London,  n.d. 

Fisin,  James,  musician,  born  at  Col- 
chester, in  1755.  He  studied  under  Burney 
and  Reinhold.  Teacher  in  Chester.  Wrote 
"  The  Seasons,  or  Vocal  Year  "  ;  "  The  Judg- 
ment of  Paris,"  a  masque  (Congreve) ;  "  Sacred 
Sengs  on  the  most  Prominent  Incidents  of 
our  Saviour's  Life  and  Death,"  London,  n.d. 
Sonatas,  Glees,  Canzonets,  BaUads,  etc.  He 
died  September  8,  1847. 

Fitzball,  Edward,  or  Ball,  dramatist 
and  writer,  born  at  Burwell,  near  Newmarket, 
1793.  He  died  at  Chatham,  October  27, 1873. 
He  wrote  the  librettos  of  some  of  the  most 
popular  of  English  operas,  Wallace's  "  Mari- 
tana "  being  perhaps  his  most  successful 
production.  Although  something  more  than 
a  mere  play-wright,  his  poetical  powers  were 
not  of  a  high  order.  He  published  "  Thirty- 
five  Years  of  a  Dramatic  Author's  Life," 
London,  2  vols.,  1859. 


FLAVELL. 

Fitzherbert  William,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  1713.  He  was  a  minor  canon 
of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London,  1744.  He 
was  successively  rector  of  Hadlow,  Kent,  1758  ; 
Hornedon-on-t"he-Hill,  Essex,  1756-1771;  and 
of  St.  Gregory  by  St.  Paul.  He  died  at  St. 
Paul's  College,  October  2,  1797.  Composer  of 
a  double  chant  in  F,  and  other  church  music. 

Fitzpatrick,  W.  A.,  musician,  compiler 
of  "  Devotional  IMusic ;  being  a  selection  of 
nearly  100  melodies,"  London  [1837] ,  and 
composer  of  glees  and  songs. 

Fitzwilliam,  Edward  Francis,  com- 
poser and  conductor,  born  at  Deal,  August  1, 
1824.  Music-director,  Haymarket  Theatre, 
London.  Married  Miss  Ellen  Chaplin,  1855. 
He  died,  London,  January  20,  1857. 

Works. — Music  for  The  Green  Bushes 
(1845) ;  Anything  for  a  change  (1846) ;  Love's 
alarms  (1854)  ;  and  other  dramatic  pieces. 
Queen  of  a  day,  comic  opera.  Set  of  songs 
[1853]  ;  Songs  for  a  winter  night  [1855]  ; 
Dramatic  Songs,  London  [1856] ,  4  books ; 
Four  four-part  songs,  London,  1855  :  Glees, 
etc.     Te  Deum,  ballads,  pf.  music. 

His  father,  E  hv.^rd  Francis  (1785-1852), 
was  an  actor  and  singer,  and  his  sister,  Kath- 
leen Mary  (born  1826),  who  married  Mr.  G. 
Withall,  was  also  a  singer  and  actress. 

Fitzwilliam,  Richard,  7th  Viscount, 
English  peer,  and  founder  of  the  Fitzwilliam 
Museum,  Cambridge,  was  born  in  August, 
1745 ;  and  died  February  5,  1816.  The  title 
is  now  extinct. 

He  bequeathed  to  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge, a  collection  of  paintings,  music,  and 
books,  the  musical  portion  of  which  included 
a  number  of  fine  MS.  compositions  of  early 
composers,  principally  Italian.  These  are 
housed  in  the  fine  Fitzwilliam  Museum  at 
Cambridge,  The  sacred  music  contained  in 
this  collection  was  edited  and  piiblished  by 
Vincent  Novello,  in  5  volumes,  as  "  The  Fitz- 
william Music,  being  a  collection  of  sacred 
pieces  from  the  ISISS.  of  Italian  composers  in 
the  Fitzwilliam  Museum,"  n.d. 

Flavell,  Charles  Edwin,  pianist,  bom 
in  Birmingham  about  1817.  Studied  under 
Robert  Barnett,  and  later  at  Frankfort-on- 
the-]Main,  under  Aloys  Schmitt.  Settled  in 
Birmingham,  as  teacher.  About  the  year 
1856,  in  conjunction  with  Mr.  Duchemin  (q.v.) 
he  gave  a  series  of  chamber  concerts,  which 
were  continued  for  some  time,  and  then  he 
started  others  on  his  own  account.  He  re- 
moved to  London  about  1873  to  undertake  the 
agency  for  this  country  of  the  Kaps  pianos ; 
and  he  died  there,  Februaiy  1,  1879. 

Flavell,  Edwin  Mark,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, of  present  time.  Educated  at  R.A.M. 
Sometime  conductor  of  a  choral  society  at 
West  Hill,  Wandsworth.  He  is  the  composer 
of  a  cantata,  Babylon's  Wave,   produced  at 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


147 


FLEET. 

Wandsworth  Town   Hall,  October  18,   1883  ; 
cantata,  "The  Fairy  Ring,"  1883;  Songs  and 
duets ;  Pieces  for  pf .  solo,  and  duet,  etc. 
Fleet,  George  R.,  see  Barrington,  Eut- 

LAND. 

Fleming,  Rev.  Alexander.  Scottish 
clergyman,  born  in  1770;  died  in  June,  1845. 
He  was  minister  at  Neilston  in  Renfrewshire. 
Author  of  "  .  .  .  Letters  ...  on  the  subject  of 
the  organ  which  .  .  .  was  introduced  into  St. 
St.  Andrew's  Church,  Glasgow.  To  which 
are  added  remarks  on  the  Rev.  James  Begg's 
Treatise  on  the  use  of  Organs,"  Glasgow, 
1808.  "  Answer  to  a  statement  of  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  Presbytery  of  Glasgow,  relative 
to  the  use  of  an  organ,"  Glasgow,  1808. 

Another  clergj'man  of  the  same  name.  Rev. 
John  Fleming,  was  minister  at  Airdrie  in 
Lanarkshire,  and  wrote  "  An  inquiry  into  the 
compositions  with  which  the  praise  of  God 
should  be  celebrated  in  His  public  worship," 
Edinburgh,  1821. 

Fleming,  James  M.,  writer  and  violinist, 
born  at  Glasgow  in  18-39.  Studied  for  a  time 
under  the  late  Samuel  D.  Smythe,  of  Glasgow, 
and  received  some  hints  from  Ole  Bull.  Con- 
tributor to  various  musical  periodicals ;  Com- 
poser of  Easy  legato  studies  for  the  violin  ; 
and  author  of  "  Old  Violins  and  their  Makers," 
1883 ;  "  The  Practical  Violin  School,"  1886  ; 
and  "  The  Fiddle  Fancier's  Guide,"  1892. 

Fletcher,  Charles,  violinist  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Wincanton,  Somerset,  July  11, 
1846.  His  father  was  a  schoolmaster  and  a 
musical  amateur,  and  his  mother  was  a  cousin 
of  Charles  Lucas.  At  five  years  of  age  Charles 
Fletcher  began  his  vocal  studies,  and  at  seven 
appeared  in  public  as  a  singer  and  flute-player. 
When  nine  he  was  appointed  soprano  soloist 
and  harmonium  player  at  the  Parish  Church 
of  Shepton  Montague,  at  a  salary  of  £50  per 
annum.  He  had  studied  the  violin  from  his 
seventh  year,  and  now  became  prominent  as 
a  performer.  He  was  engaged  by  the  late 
Lord  Arundel  for  the  private  chapel  and 
chamber  concerts  at  Wardour  Castle,  where 
he  remained  three  years.  His  voice  changing, 
he  settled  as  a  violinist  at  Southampton. 
Failing  health  necessitated  sea  voyages,  and 
for  some  time  he  was  in  Egypt  and  Brazil. 
Ultimately  he  took  up  his  residence  at 
Bournemouth,  where  he  has  established  a 
string  orchestra  of  ladies',  mostly  his  pupils. 
He  has  played  as  soloist,  and  in  chamber 
concerts  in  London,  and  many  provincial 
towns,  and  at  the  conferences  of  the  Incorpo- 
rated Society  of  Musicians.  He  was  principal 
professor  of  the  violin  at  Winchester  College 
for  ten  years.  At  the  Bournemouth  Festival 
of  1896  he  was  principal  first  violinist.  He 
married,  in  1869,  a  German  lady,  a  pianist  of 
repute.  His  daughter  Maud  made  her  appear- 
ance as  a  \'ioloncellist  in  Handel's  Concerto 


FLORENCE. 

Grosso  in  D  minor,  at  a  concert  given  by  the 
Rev.  E.  H.  Moberly,  with  his  ladies'  orches- 
tra, at  Prince's  Hall,  London,  December  4, 
1894. 

Fletcher,  Thomas,  double-bass  player, 
in  his  day  the  leading  professional  musician 
in  Birmingham.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Festival  Orchestra  from  1808,  if  not  earlier ; 
and  was  for  years  in  the  band  of  the  Italian 
Opera  under  Weichsel.  He  died  in  Birming- 
ham, in  June,  1845,  at  the  age  of  60.  There 
were  several  other  musicians  of  the  same 
family.  Jane  Fletcher,  a  contralto  vocalist, 
was  one  of  the  principal  singers  at  the  Bir- 
mingham Festival  of  1811. 

Flinn,  Kate,  soprano  vocalist.  Studied 
under  Ardelhnann,  and  W.  Shakespeare.  She 
made  her  first  appearance  at  a  concert  given 
by  Mr.  W.  Ganz,  July  1,  1884,  and  sang  at 
the  Ballad  Concerts,  St.  James's  Hall,  the 
next  year.  Made  her  debut  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  Concerts,  March  17,  1886,  and  at  the 
Saturday  Popular  Concerts,  March  26,  1887, 
since  which  time  she  has  sung  at  many  im- 
portant concerts  in  London  and  the  provinces. 

Flintoft,  Rev.  Luke,  clergyman  and 
musician  of  18th  century,  who  was  probably 
a  native  of  Worcester.  B.A.  Cambridge,  1700. 
Priest-vicar  of  Lincoln  Cathedral,  1704-14. 
Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal,  1715.  Reader 
in  Chapel  Royal,  Whitehall,  1719.  Minor 
canon,  Westminster  Abbey,  1719.  He  died  at 
London,  November  3,  1727,  and  is  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  He  invented  the  double 
chant,  or  rather  adapted  one  of  the  earliest 
specimens  yet  discovered.  It  is  in  G  minor, 
and  will  be  found  in  any  large  collection. 

Flood,  Edwin,  organist  and  composer, 
born  early  in  the  present  century.  He  was 
organist  of  the  Parish  Church  of  Honiton, 
and  died  there  in  1869.  He  compiled  Psalmo- 
dia  Britannica,  a  collection  of  psalms,  anthems, 
chants,  etc.,  London,  1847-54,  2  vols,  issued 
in  12  books.  Collection  of  chants  for  4  voices 
[1846] .  The  Psalmodist,  a  collection  of  psalm 
and  hjTnn  tunes  used  in  the  Parish  Church  of 
Honiton,  London,  1850.  Gipsy's  life  is  a 
joyous  life,  song.  Sets  of  quadrilles,  and  other 
pf.  music.  Another  Edwin  Flood,  possibly 
a  son  or  other  relative  of  the  above,  died  at 
Honiton,  April  29,  1848.  We  have  been 
unable  to  disentangle  the  works  of  these  two, 
both  being  contemporary  composers. 

Florence,  Amy,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
at  Edgbaston,  Birmingham.  Studied  singing 
locally,  and  under  San  Giovanni  at  Milan. 
Made  her  debut  in  opera  in  Malta,  afterwards 
singing  at  Como  and  Naples.  Returning  to 
England,  she  joined  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera 
Company,  singing  in  "  Carmen,"  and  other 
works.  In  the  season  1886-7,  she  sang  at 
Covent  Garden  in  "  La  Favorita,"  etc.,  and  a 
year  later  under  the  management  of  Augustus 


148 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


FLOWER. 

Harris.  She  took  the  stage  name  of  Mile. 
Firenze.  She  has  given  concerts  at  Steinway 
Hall,  1888,  and  elsewhere. 

Flower,  Eliza,  soprano  vocalist  and 
composer.  Sister  of  Sarah  Flower  (Mrs. 
Wni.  Brydges  Adams,  died  1847,  or  August, 
1848),  author  of  "  Nearer  my  God  to  Thee," 
and  other  hjTnns.  She  was  born  at  Harlow, 
Essex,  April  19. 1803 ;  and  died  December  12, 
1846.  Composer  of  "  Hymns  and  Anthems," 
composed  for  the  services  at  Finsbury  Chapel, 
South  Place,  London;  "Musical  Illustrations 
of  the  Waverley  Novels,"  London,  1831. 
"  Now  pray  we  for  our  country,"  and  other 
part-songs  ;  Songs  of  the  Seasons,  etc. 

Flower,  Sara,  contralto  vocalist,  born 
February  22, 1805  ;  died  at  Melbourne,  August 
16,  1865.  A  concert  singer  who  sang  in 
England  and  the  Colonies.  Her  sister,  Eliza- 
beth, was  a  soprano  vocalist  and  sang  in 
public.  These  are  frequently  confounded  with 
the  two  Flower  sisters  mentioned  above. 

Flowers,  George  French,  composer, 
organist,  and  writer,  born  at  Boston,  Lincohi, 
in  1811.  He  studied  in  Germany  under 
Rinck  and  Schnyder  von  Wartensee.  He 
was  organist  of  the  English  Chapel,  Paris,  j 
and  of  St.  ]\Iark's,  Myddelton  Square,  Clerken- 
■vvell,  London.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1839.  Mus. 
Doc,  Oxon.,  1865.  Editor  of  Literary  Gazette. 
Flowers  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the 
Music  Professorship  at  Oxford  in  1848,  and 
also  for  that  of  Gresham  College  in  1863.  He 
■was  a  successful  teacher  of  singing,  numbering 
Mrs.  Howard  Paul  among  bis  pupils,  and 
established  a  British  School  of  Vocalization. 
He  died  at  London,  June  14,  1872. 

Works. — Anthems,  songs,  etc.  Essay  on 
the  construction  of  Fugue  .  .  ,  London,  1846. 
Poem  on  Muscular  Vocalisation,  with  intro- 
duction," Barton-upon-Humber,  1861.  Trans- 
lation of  Basler's  Pictorial  representation  of 
the  science  of  harmony  .  .  .  n.d.,  etc. 

Fludd,  Robert,  scholar  and  author,  born 
at  Milgate,  Bearsted,  Kent,  1574 ;  died  at 
London,  September  8,  1637.  Author  of  "  Ut- 
riusquecosmi  majoris  scilicet  et  minorismeta- 
physica,  physica  atque  technica  historia," 
Oppenheim,  1617  (g.r.).  He  was  educated  at 
Oxford,  and  is  best  kjiown  as  a  philosophical 
writer. 

Foley,  Allan  James  (Signor  Foli),  bass 
vocalist,  born  in  Cahir,  Tipperary,  in  1842. 
His  early  years  were  spent  in  America.  Studied 
in  Naples,  under  Bisaccia,  and  sang  in  opera 
at  Catania,  Turin,  Milan,  and  Paris,  1862-4. 
He  made  his  debut  at  Her  ^lajesty's  Theatre, 
June  17, 1865,  as  St.  Bris  in  the  "  Huguenots," 
and  for  some  years  sang  in  many  operas  there, 
at  Covent  Garden,  and  Drury  Lane.  He  has 
also  appeared  in  opera  in  America,  Russia, 
Austria,  and  elsewhere.  His  first  performance 
in  oratorio  was  in  "  Israel  in  Egypt,"  National 


FORBES. 

Choral  Society's  Concert,  April  25, 1866,  when 
he  sang  in  the  duet,  "The  Lord  is  a  man  of 
war,"  with  Mr.  Santley.  He  sang  at  the 
Handel  Festival,  1868  ;  and  in  the  provincial 
Festivals  successively  at  Norwich,  1869  ;  Bir- 
mingham, 1870 ;  Gloucester,  1871 ;  and  Leeds, 
1877.  As  a  concert  singer  he  has  been  heard 
in  every  important  musical  centre.  In  1892, 
he  toured  in  Australia  ;  was  in  South  Africa, 
1893 ;  and  singing  in  London  again  in  1896. 

Folkestone,  Viscountess,  see  Radnor, 
Countess  of. 

Foote,  Frank  Barrington,  baritone  voca- 
list, born  at  Plymouth,  February  2,  1855. 
Was  intended  for  the  army,  but  his  voice 
developing  while  he  was  at  school  in  Germany 
he  was  sent  to  Florence  to  study,  his  masters 
being  Zuccardi,  and  Lamperti  at  Milan.  As- 
signor Franceschi  he  made  his  debut  in  opera 
at  Pavia,  and  he  sang,  later,  in  Milan.  In 
1880  he  was  engaged  at  Her  Majesty's  Theatre, 
singing  in  Verdi's  "Aida,"  etc.  Later  he 
went  to  America  with  Mapleson's  troupe,  and 
afterwards  again  visited  Italy.  In  1884  he 
was  with  the  Carl  Rosa  Company,  and  sang 
in  "  Colomba,"  and  "  The  Canterbury  Pil- 
grims " ;  and  in  1885  he  took  part  in  the 
Handel  Bi-centennial  Festival,  at  the  Crystal 
Palace.  He  now  was  busy  with  concert  work, 
and  studying  oratorio  with  ^Ir.  Randegger. 
He  appeared  at  the  Norwich  Festival,  1887 ; 
and  those  of  Gloucester  and  Leeds  in  1889. 
In  the  spring  of  1889,  and  again  in  1891,  he 
visited  America,  and  has  toured  with  Madame 
Albani,  and  Madame  Patti.  He  was  giving 
concerts  in  London  in  1896. 

Forbes,  George,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  Pimlico,  London,  July  1,  1813.  He 
studied  under  his  brother  Henry,  and  Sir  G. 
Smart.  Gave  concerts  with  his  brother  in 
London,  1831-1844.  Subsequently  gave  sub- 
scription concerts  on  his  own  account.  Was 
organist  of  St.  Mary's,  Bryanston  Square, 
for  45  years.  He  died  at  London,  September 
11,  1883. 

Works. — Pianoforte :  Sonata  in  C  ;  ^larch 
des  Guides  ;  Larghetto  and  Rondo  Capriccioso 
in  E  ;  Rappelle  toi ;  La  Caprera ;  La  Castellu- 
cia ;  Carnival  de  Florence  ;  Marziale  ;  La  pluie 
des  Perles ;  Forbes's  Valse  de  Concert  and 
Valse  de  Sylphes ;  Calliope  Valse ;  Pluie  de 
Printemps ;  La  Rosamund,  a  nocturne  ;  Lou- 
ise, nocturne.  Four  operatic  duets.  Six 
teaching  pieces  for  pf.  Gavotte,  Queen  Eliza- 
beth. March  et  Finale  brillant,  op.  7.  Italian 
fantasia.  Espaniola.  Billet-doux.  Tran- 
scriptions, etc.  Three  books  of  easy  Volun- 
taries for  organ  or  harmonium.  Ofiertoire 
for  organ  in  F. 

Forbes,  Henry,  composer  and  pianist, 
brother  of  the  above,  born  at  London  in  1804. 
A  pupil  of  Sir  G.  Smart,  Hummel,  Moscheles, 
and  Herz.   Conductor  of  the  Societa  Armonica. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


149 


FOEBES. 

Organist  of  Parish  Church  of  S.  Luke,  Clielsea. 
Gave  concerts  with  his  brother  George.  He 
died  at  London,  November  24,  1859. 

Works. — Fair\'  Oak,  opera,  Drury  Lane, 
October  18,  1845^  Ruth,  oratorio,  1847.  Pf. 
music.  Songs.  Psalms,  etc.  National  Psalm- 
ody [1843]. 

Forbes,  John,  Scottish  printer  and  pub- 
lisher, established  in  business  at  Aberdeen  in 
middle  of  17th  century,  where  he  died,  in 
December,  1675.  He  is  chiefly  remarkable  as 
having  published  the  first  book  of  secular 
music  in  Scotland  [See  Davidson,  Thomas] ; 
and  for  the  authorship  of  three  inflated 
epistles  dedicatory,  prefixed  to  the  "  Cantus" 
of  1662,  and  changed,  to  the  edition  of  1666  ; 
and  again  different,  to  the  edition  of  1682. 

Ford,  Ann,  performer  on  the  Harmonica, 
who  flourished  during  the  18th  century. 
Married  to  the  Hon.  P.  Thicknesse.  Sat  to 
Gainsborough  for  her  portrait.  Authoress  of 
"  Instructions  for  playing  on  the  Musical 
Glasses,  with  a  copperplate  representing  the 
order  and  manner  of  placing  the  glasses  ;  with 
such  directions  for  performing  on  them,  that 
any  person  of  a  musical  turn  may  learn  in  a 
few  days,  if  not  in  a  few  hours,"  London,  1762. 

Ford,  David  Everard,  composer  and 
organist,  who  flourished  during  the  first  half 
of  the  present  century.  He  was  organist  at 
Lymington,  Hants.  He  wrote  "  The  Rudi- 
ments of  Music,  etc."  n.d.,  and  published 
"  Original  Psalm  and  Hj-nin  Tunes,"  London, 
7  books,  1827-36.  "  Progressive  Exercises  for 
the  Voice..,"  1829. 

Ford,  Ernest  A.  C,  composer,  born  in 
London,  February  17,  1858.  Studied  at  the 
R.A.M.  under  Sir  Arthur  Sullivan  (composi- 
tion), and  later  at  Paris  with  Edouard  Lalo. 
Was  the  first  Sir  John  Goss  Scholar  at  R.A.M. 
<1875),  F.R.C.O.  the  same  year,  and  A.R.A.M., 
1883.  Has  acted  as  accompanist  at  the 
Saturday  Popular  Concerts,  and  is  conductor 
at  the  Empire  Theatre.  He  was  chosen  by 
Sir  Arthur  Sullivan  to  conduct  •'  Ivanhoe  " 
on  its  production,  in  1891. 

Works. — Motet,  Domine  Deus  (performed 
at  250th  Anniversary  of  Harvard  University, 
U.S.A.).  Operas;  Daniel  O'Rourive  (1884); 
Nydia  (Duologue,  1889,  libretto  by  Justin  H. 
McCarthy)  ;  Joan  (Robert  Martin,  1890)  ; 
Mr.  Jericho  (operetta,  H.  Greenbank,  1893) ; 
Jane  Annie  (opera,  book  by  J.  M.  Barrie  and 
Conan  Doyle,  produced  Savoy  Theatre,  Maj" 
13,  1893,  and  taken  on  tour  in  the  provinces). 
Cantata,  The  Eve  of  the  Festa,  female  voices. 
Music  to  the  Ballets  produced  at  the  Empire 
Theatre.  1894-5.  Album  of  six  songs ;  Six 
two-part  songs  ;  Songs,  various,  etc. 

Ford,  Henry  Edmund,  organist,  born 
at  Warlingham,  Surrey.  Chorister  in  Roch- 
ester Cathedral.  Pupil  of  Ralph  Banks,  and 
later  his  assistant  organist.  In  1842  appointed 


FORSTER. 

organist  of  Carlisle  Cathedral,  a  position  he 
still  holds.  The  jubilee  of  his  office  as  Cathe- 
dral organist  was  celebrated  by  the  public 
presentation  of  a  testimonial  at  the  County 
Hotel,  Carlisle,  April  23, 1892.  In  November, 
1891,  he  received  the  degree  of  Mus.  Doc. 
from  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 

Ford,  Thomas,  composer,  who  was  born 
in  the  latter  half  of  the  16th  century  [1580] . 
Musician  in  suite  of  Prince  Henry  (Son  of 
James  I.).  Musician  to  Charles  I.,  on  his 
accession.     He  died  in  November,  1648. 

Works. — Musicke  of  sundrie  kindes  set 
forth  in  two  Bookes,  the  first  whereof  are 
Aires  for  foure  Voyces  to  the  lute,  orpherion, 
or  basse  viol,  with  a  dialogue  for  two  voices 
and  two  basse  violls,  in  parts  tuade  the  lute- 
way.  The  second  are  Pavans,  Galiards,  Al- 
maines  Toies,  Jiggs,  Thumpes,  and  such  like 
for  two  base  viols  the  liera-way,  so  made  as 
the  greatest  number  may  serve  to  play  alone, 
very  easy  to  be  performed,  1607.  Contribu- 
tions in  Leighton's  "  Teares."  Canons,  etc., 
in  Hilton's  "  Catch  that  catch  can."  Ford 
is  now  chiefly  remembered  as  the  composer  of 
the  beautiful  madrigal  "  Since  first  I  saw 
your  face." 

Ford,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author  of 
"Singing  of  Psalmes  the  duty  of  Christians, 
in  V  Sermons,"  London,  1659. 

Forde,  William,  musician,  born  1796, 
died  1850.  Author  of  "  An  Essaj'  on  the 
Key  in  Music,  fully  illustrated  by  exam- 
ples," London,  1841.  Encyclopedia  of  Melody, 
3050  Airs  of  all  Countries..,  6  vols.,  n.d. 
New  Pianoforte  Primer,  London,  n.d.  New 
Method  of  Singing  according  to  the  Italian 
School,  87  exercises,  London,  n.d.  Art  of 
Singing  at  Sight,  London  [1840] .  Principles 
of  Singiiig,  with  practical  examples,  Loudon 
[1830] ,  7  editions.  Master's  Class  Book  on 
the  Scales  [1841] .  300  National  IMelodies  of 
the  British  Isles,  for  pf.,  8  vols.  [1850]. 
Irish  national  quadrilles,  etc. 

Formby,  Rev.  Henry,  writer,  author 
of  .  .  .  Duties  and  Privileges  of  Congrega- 
tional Singing,  Sermon,  1849.  The  Roman 
Ritual  and  its  Canto  Fermo  compared  with 
the  w  rks  of  modern  music,  London,  1849. 
The  Catholic  Christian's  guide  to  the  right 
use  of  Christian  Psalmody  and  the  Psalter, 
London,  1847.  Collection  of  Cath  )lic  hymns, 
1853. 

Forster,  Simon  Andrew,  writer  and 
violin  maker,  was  born  at  London,  Mav  13, 
1801,  died  February  2,  1870.  He  was  a  v"iolin 
and  violoncello  maker  in  London,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  celebrated  Forster  family  of 
violin  and  double-bass  players,  of  whom 
WiLLi.\M  (Brampton,  Cumberland,  May  4, 
1739 — London,  December  14,  1808) ;  his  son 
William  (London,  January  7,  1764  ;  June  24, 
1824)  ;     and    grandson,    William    (London, 


150 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


FORTAY. 

December  14,  1788  ;  October  8,  1824),  were 
the  principal  members.  S.  A.  Forster  helped 
William  Saiidvs  with  his  "  History  of  the 
Violin,"  1864.  ' 

Fortay,  James  Butler,  organist  and  com- 
poser, l)orn  ill  Liverpool,  October  26,  1856. 
Studied  under  D.  C.  Browne,  and  G.  W. 
Riihner.  Was  an  organist  at  an  early  age, 
subsequently  holding  appointments  at  Em- 
manuel Church,  Everton  (1879-91) ;  and  at 
St.  Michael's-in-the-Hamlet  since  1891.  Resi- 
dent in  Liverpool  as  teacher.  Since  1891  he 
has  lectured  on  musical  topics  annually  for 
the  Liverpool  Corporation  Library  and  Arts 
Committee ;  and  has  also  lectured  in  other 
districts.  He  has  published  Hymns  of  the 
Church,  a  collection  of  original  tunes  ;  and 
contributed  to  The  Chant  Book  Companion  ; 
Church  of  England  Hymnal ;  Welsh  Calvin- 
istic  ]\Iethodist  Tune  Book,  etc. ;  and  is  the 
composer  of  Night  and  Morning ;  Faithful 
unto  death  ;  Joy  cometh  in  the  morning,  and 
other  songs ;  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Fortey,  Mary  Comber,  pianist  and  com- 
poser. Studied  at  R.A.]\I.  Married  to  Sir 
Julius  Benedict;  and  in  1886  to  Mr.  Frank 
Lawson.  Author  of  "  How  to  teach  the  piano- 
forte to  young  beginners,"  London,  Hughes, 
188.3  ;  and  composer  of  Castles  in  Spain  ;  | 
Going  to  Sleep  ;  Love,  the  Truant ;  and  other 
songs. 

Foster,  James,  amateur  musician,  was 
born  at  Bristol,  September  12,  1807.  He  was 
a  builder  in  Bristol.  He  acted  as  honorary 
organist  of  the  Bristol  Tabernacle,  and 
assisted  Waite  with  his  compilation  called 
"H  llelujah."  He  died  at  Bristol,  June  7, 
1885.  He  composed  a  number  of  hymn  tunes, 
among  which  "Claremoui"  is  perhaps  best 
known. 

Foster,  John,  musician,  of  Sheffield, 
compiler  of  "  Sacred  Music,  consisting  of 
anthems,  psalms  and  hymns  in  full  orchestral 
score,  with  organ  or  pf.  adaptation,"  York,  n.d. 
Foster,  John,  alto  vocalist,  organist, 
and  composer,  born  at  Staines,  August,  1827. 
Pupil  of  Sir  G.  Elvey.  Organist,  St.  Andrew's, 
Wells  Street,  London,  1847-56.  Lay- Vicar  of 
Westminster  Abbey  since  1856.  His  glee, 
"Sweet  Queen  of  .Autumn,"  men's  voices, 
obtained  a  prize  in  1852.  In  1865  he  pub- 
lished "  Psalms  and  Hymns,  adapted  to  the 
Church  of  England."  He  also  issued  "  Tunes 
for  the  Psalms  and  Hymns,"  London,  1864. 
Choral  Harmonist  [1872].  etc. 

Foster,  Myles  Birket,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  November  29,  1851. 
Eldest  son  of  Birket  Foster,  the  celebrated 
artist.  Being  of  a  Quaker  family  his  early 
love  of  music  was  not  encouraged,  and  he 
was  placed  in  a  stockbroker's  office.  This  he 
left  in  1871,  and  studied  music  under  Hamil- 
ton Clarke,  and  at  R.A.M.  under  Sullivan, 


FOWLES. 

Prout,  and  Westlake.  He  held  the  po.~t  of 
organist  at  J.ev.  H.  R.  Haweib'  Church, 
1873-4,  and  was  organist  of  the  Foundling 
Hospital,  1880-1892.  At  the  present  time  ho 
is  musical  editor  to  Messrs.  Boosey.  He  was 
elected  an  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society  in  1 880 ;  A.R.  A.M. ;  and  895,  F.R.  A.M. 
Travelling  Examiner  for  T.C.,  London,  in 
which  capacity  he  visited  Australia  and  New 
Zealand  in  1895. 

Works. — Eve  ing  service  in  C  (male  voices); 
in  A,  Sons  of  the  Clergy  Festival,  1883;  Com- 
munion service  in  B  flat ;  Anthems,  etc. 
Cantatas  for  Children:  Cinderella;  Lamp- 
black ;  Beauty  and  the  beast ;  The  Angels  of 
the  bells;  The  bonnie  fi^hw.fe ;  The  snow 
fairies;  and  Tlie  coming  of  the  King.  Songs: 
The  children's  Christmas;  A  day  in  a  child's 
life;  Six  two-part  songs  ;  a  second  set ;  Songs 
and  part-.songs.  Instrumental  compositions 
in  MS. :  Sympliony  in  F  sliaip  .i  inor,  "  Isle 
of  Arran "  ;  Overtures;  S:ring  quartet,  pf. 
trio,  etc. 

Foster,  William  Martin,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  in  London  about  1834.  He 
acted  as  bandmaster  of  the  9th  regiment,  and 
was  afterwards  in  the  orchestras  of  Drury 
Lane  Theatre  and  the  Crystal  Palace.  He 
became  leader  of  the  orchestra  of  the  Glasgow 
Theatre  Royal  about  1870.  He  died  at  New- 
castle-on-Tyne,  December  18,  1872.  He  com- 
posed incidental  music  to  various  plays,  but 
is  best  known  for  his  o%-erture  to  the  play  of 
"  Rob  Roy,"  based  on  Scott's  novel. 

Fowie,  Thomas  Lloyd,  organist,  writer 
and  editor,  born  at  Amesbury,  Wilts,  October 
16,  1827.  His  father  was  a  clergj-man,  a 
prebendary  of  Salisbury.  Self-taught  iu 
music,  he  acted  for  some  3'ears  as  organist  at 
his  father's  church,  Amesbury,  and  later  at 
Crawley,  Sussex.  From  1856  to  recent  times 
he  has  been  engaged  as  editor  and  publisher. 
He  is  Ph.  Doc.  of  Giessen.  He  has  published 
4  vols,  of  anthems ;  5  cantatas ;  4  vols,  of 
organ  voluntaries ;  12  marches  for  special 
seasons ;  The  Church  Tune  Book ;  2  Services, 
and  numerous  other  musical  works.  Handel, 
a  memoir ;  Charles  Dickens,  a  memoir ; 
Gentle  Edith,  a  novel,  and  miscellaneous 
writings. 

Fowler,  Chas.,  pianist,  studied  under  Sir 
W.  Sterndale  Bennett,  at  the  Royal  Academy 
of  Music,  and  was  appointed  a  Professor 
there  in  1885.  At  Torquay,  where  he  resided, 
he  was  in  high  repute  as  a  teacher,  and  gave 
frequent  concerts.  His  compositions  include 
a  Sonata  for  pianoforte  and  violin,  a  Sonata 
Trio,  for  voice,  violin,  and  pianoforte,  and  a 
Sonata  Concertante  for  four  violins.  He  was 
also  the  author  of  several  humorous  sketches, 
which  were  received  with  favour.  He  died  at 
Torquay,  in  T^Iay.  1891. 

Fowles,   Ernest,  pianist  and  composer, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


151 


FOWLES. 

born  at  Portsmouth,  April  27,  1864.  Gained 
the  Chappell  Scholarship  at  the  National 
Training  School  for  Music,  in  1876,  and  studied 
there  for  six  years.  In  1884  he  entered  the 
R.A.M.,  studying  composition  under  Sir  G.  A. 
Macfarren,  distinguishing  himself  at  the 
Academy  Concerts,  producing  several  pf .  com- 
positions in  the  larger  forms,  and  being  elected 
an  Associate.  From  1887  he  has  given  annual 
concerts  in  the  Prince's  Hall,  and,  October  29, 
1894,  began  a  series  of  Concerts  of  British 
Chamber  ]\Iusic,  introducing  important  works 
by  Algernon  Ashton,  J.  C.  Ames,  Walford 
Davies,  and  other  young  writers,  besides 
works  by  Hubert  Parry,  Villiers  Stanford, 
Swinnerton  Heap,  among  more  widely  known 
composers.  His  own  compositions  comprise 
a  Quartet  for  strings ;  A  Trio  in  D,  for  pf .  and 
strings  ;  Two  Sonatas,  and  other  pieces  for  pf . 

Fowles,  Margaret  F.,  pianist,  organist, 
and  conductor,  born  at  Ryde,  Isle-of-Wight, 
daughter  of  an  artist.  Studied  pf.  harmony 
and  counterpoint  under  Chahners  Masters ; 
organ  under  Dr.  Hopkins ;  and  voice  produc- 
tion and  singing  under  Emil  Behnke,  Alberto 
Randegger,  and  W.  Shakespeare.  At  the  age 
of  fifteen  she  was  appointed  organist  of  St. 
James's,  Ryde ;  and  in  1878,  organist  and 
choir  director  at  St.  Michael  and  All  Angels, 
which  office  she  retains.  In  1874  she  founded 
the  Rj'de  Choral  Union,  the  concerts  of  which 
she  conducted  for  twenty  years,  retiring  in 
December,  1894.  From  the  first  concert, 
April  6,  1875,  to  the  close  of  her  official  con- 
nection with  the  Societ}-,  ]Miss  Fowles  has 
produced  many  oratorios  and  other  important 
works,  and  has  done  great  service  in  the  cause 
of  music.  She  is  the  composer  of  a  number 
of  anthems,  and  hymn  tunes,  also  of  several 
songs. 

Fox,  Albert  H.,  pianist,  composer,  and 
conductor,  born  at  Dulwich.  Studied  at 
R.A.M.,  pf.  under  Walter  Macfarren,  com- 
position under  F.  W.  Davenport.  Hine  Ex- 
hibitioner, 1883  ;  Balfe  Scholar,  1884  ;  Stern- 
dale  Bennett  Scholar,  and  Heathcote  Long 
Prize  winner,  1886.  A.il.A  :\1.,  1890.  He  is 
musical  director  at  the  Royalty  Theatre, 
London.  His  compositions  include  an  opera, 
operettas;  music  to  "Merry  Monte  Carlo," 
1895;  Romance  for  orchestra,  1893;  March 
for  band  of  harps,  1888;  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

.  Fox,  Arthur,  pupil  and  Associate,  R.A.M., 
is  choirmaster  at  Christ's  Hospital,  and  a 
tenor  vocalist.  He  has  published  an  Album 
of  eight  songs. 

Fox,  George,  composer  and  baritone  voca- 
ist.  Sang  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  IMarcli, 
1876;  on  tour  with  Pyatt's  operatic  company 
in  1879;  in  Italian  opera,  at  Her  IMajesty's, 
in  October,  1880 ;  and  with  the  Royal  English 
Opera  Company,  in  the  j^rovinces,  1883.  He 
is  the  composer  of  a  number  of  comic  can- 


FREEMANTLE. 

tatas   and    operettas,    some    of    which   have 
gained  much  popularity. 

Works. — Cantatas:  The  jackdaw  of  Rheims; 
The  babes  in  the  wood ;  The  fair  Iniogene, 
1880  ;  Lord  Lovel ;  Winifred  Price,  1882 ; 
Gabriel  Grub  (adapted  from  "Pickwick"), 
1882  ;  John  Gilpin  ;  Hamilton  Tighe,  1884  ; 
The  messenger  dove.  Comedies  and  operas : 
The  captain  of  the  guard,  1882 ;  Welcome 
home,  1885  ;  Robert  Macaire,  1887  ;  The  Cor- 
sican  brothers,  1888  ;  Nydia  (from  Bulwer- 
Lytton's  "Last  Days  of  Pompeii"),  1892. 
The  last  three  were  produced  at  the  Crystal 
Palace.  Songs  :  Grandmamma's  jokes  for 
little  folks ;    Songs  for  little  singers,  etc. 

Francis,  Thomas,  alto  singer  and  com- 
poser, was  born  iu  1812.  He  was  a  vicar- 
choral  of  S'.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London.  He 
died  at  Hackney,  London,  September  2,  1887. 
Composer  of  glees  and  other  vocal  music. 

Fraser,  John,  author  and  musician,  was 
born  at  Johnstone,  Renfrewshire,  about  1794, 
and  died  there  on  March  3,  1879.  He  was  at 
one  time  well  known  in  Scotland  for  the 
series  of  lectures  and  concerts  he  gave  in 
conjunction  with  various  members  of  his 
family,  chiefly  illustrative  of  Scots  national 
music.  He  edited  for  a  time  a  chartist  news- 
paper called  "  The  True  Scotsman."  His 
youngest  son,  James  Roy  Fbaser,  was  bora 
at  Johnstone  September  21,  1832,  and  since 
1865  has  resided  in  Paisley  as  a  music-seller 
and  teacher.  Since  1875  he  has  been  organist 
of  tlie  Mid  Church,  Paisley.  He  was  one  of 
the  organisers  and  conductors  of  the  Tannahill 
concerts  on  Gleniffer  Braes,  which  produced 
the  funds  which  were  applied  to  the  erection 
of  a  statue  of  that  poet  at  Paisley.  ]\Ir. 
Fraser  composed  a  cantata,  "  The  Cottar's 
Saturday  Night,"  and  several  songs. 

Fraser,  Captain  Simon,  collector  and 
violinist,  born  at  Aidacliie,  Inverness,  in  1773 ; 
and  died  in  1852.  Published  "  The  Airs  and 
Melodies  peculiar  to  the  Highlands  of  Scot- 
land and  the  Isles,  with  a  plain  harmony  for 
the  pianoforte,  harp,  organ,  or  violoiicello, 
acquired  17 : 5-45,"  Edinburgh,  1815.  Another 
edition,  1874 ;  also  1884.  A  valuable  and 
scarce  collect  on,  containing  a  number  of  reels 
and  strathspeys  by  Fraser  himself.  He  also 
issued  "  Thirty  H  ghland  airs,  strathspeys, 
etc.  Selected  and  composed  by  Mr.  S.  F  . .  r." 
n.d. 

Fredericks,  Charles  Wigg,  tenor  voca- 
list, vicar-choral,  Lichfield  Cathedral,  is  a 
well-known  concert  singer  in  the  Midlands 
and  the  North.  He  has  sung  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  ;  at  j\I.  Gounod's  Trocadero  Concerts, 
Paris,  1884  ;  and  at  St.  James's  Hall,  Lou- 
don ;  also  at  the  Hereford  Festival  of  1891, 
of  whicli  Cathedral  choir  he  was  formerly  a 
member. 
Freemantle,  George,  organist  and  musical 


152 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


FRENCH. 

critic,  bom  at  Ely,  April  23,  1833.  His 
father,  about  1838,  was  appointed  to  the  choir 
of  Durham  Cathedral,  and  in  due  time  the 
son  became  a  chorister  there,  and  pupil  of  Dr. 
William  Henshaw,  the  Cathedral  organist. 
In  the  autumn  of  1853,  he  gained  the  post  of 
organist  and  teacher  of  music  at  the  Blind 
Asylum,  Manchester,  and  later  held  various 
positions  in  that  city.  He  gave  up  music  for 
a  business  life,  but  accepted  the  office  of 
musical  critic  to  the  Manchester  Guardian, 
which  he  held  for  thirty  years.  When  the 
Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company  was  re-organised 
he  became  one  of  the  directors.  He  died  at 
Ardwick,  Manchester,  May  31,  1894.  His 
brother,  William  Thom.\sFreemastle, many 
years  his  junior,  was  assistant  organist  of 
Lincoln  Cathedral,  and  in  1871  appointed 
organist  of  Sharrow  Church,  Sheffield.  He 
published  in  1876-7,  "A  Collection  of  Kyries, 
Glorias,  Chants,  etc.,  by  various  Composers," 
in  8  books  (Novello). 

French,  John,  violinist  and  composer,  of 
Ayr,  in  Scotland,  who  flourished  in  the  latter 
part  of  last  century.  Composer  of  "A  Col- 
lection of  new  strathspey  reels,  etc.,  dedicated 
to  Mrs.  Boswell  of  Auchiuleck,"  Edinburgh, 
n.d. 

Frere,  Walter,  composer  of  present  time. 
He  has  published  five  songs  for  baritone  ; 
Three  Italian  songs ;  Six  songs  (Herrick's 
"  Hesperides  "),  etc. 

Frere,  Rev.  Walter  Howard,  amateur 
musician  and  author.  Educated  at  Cam- 
bridge ;  graduated  M.A.  ;  ordained  in  1887. 
Curate  of  St.  Dunstan,  Stepney,  1887-92. 
His  works  include  the  Order  of  the  Holy 
Communion  for  men's  voices  ;  Memorials  of 
Stepney  Parish,  1891 ;  The  Marian  Reaction 
in  its  relation  to  the  English  Clergy-,  S.P.C.K., 
1897.  Editor  of  "  Eighteen  well-known  hymn 
tunes,  as  set  in  Ravenscroft's  Psalter  (1621)," 
London  [1888] .  Graduale  Sarisburiense, 
1894.  Bibliotheca  Musico-Liturgica,  a  de- 
scriptive hand-list  of  the  musical  and  latin 
liturgical  MSS.  of  the  middle  ages,  London. 
The  Sarum  Gradual  and  the  Gregorian  Anti- 
phonale  Slissarum  :  a  Dissertation  and  an 
Historical  Index,  London,  Quaritch,  1896. 

Frewer,  Frank,  organist  of  St.  James', 
Garlick  Hithe.  Is  author  of  a  Collection  of 
hymn  tunes,  chants,  and  kyries,  London, 
Salter,  1886;  also  composer  of  songs,  a  scherzo 
for  pf.  and  violin,  etc. 

Frewin,  Tom  Harrison,  viohnist  and 
compo.ser.  Pxlucated  at  R.A.IM. ;  Balfe 
Scholar,  1885.  He  has  composed  a  INIass, 
performed,  1896  ;  Orchestral  pieces  :  "  The 
Battle  of  the  Flowers,"  1895 ;  Ballad,  IMazeppa, 
1896,  both  performed  at  the  Queen's  Hall 
Concerts.     Also  pieces  for  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Frickenhaus,  Fanny,  boin  Ev.\ns,  pian- 
ist, born  at  Cheltenham,  June  7,  1849.     She 


FRITH. 

studied  under  George  Mount,  and  later  at  the 
Brussels  Conservatoire, under  Auguste  Dupont, 
also  with  Wm.  Bohrer.  She  first  came  prom- 
inently before  the  public,  January  11,  1879, 
at  one  of  the  Saturday  Evening  Concerts, 
started  in  St.  James's  Hall,  in  November, 
1878,  Her  success  was  immediate,  and  she 
was  engaged  for  the  rest  of  the  series.  She 
gave  a  recital  in  the  concert  room  of  the 
R.A.IM.,  March  31,  1880 ;  appeared  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  November  20 ;  and  a  week 
later  played  for  the  first  time  in  Loudon  the 
pianoforte  concerto  of  Goetz,  at  Cowen's 
Saturday  Concerts.  Her  first  appearance  at 
the  Popular  Concerts  was  on  Saturday,  Jan- 
uary 27,  1883,  and  at  the  Philharmonic, 
]\Iarch  4,  1886.  From  1884,  in  conjunction 
with  Joseph  Ludwig,  she  has  given  chamber 
concerts  at  the  Prince's  Hall,  introducing 
important  novelties ;  and  has  been  heard  at 
the  best  concerts  in  Birmingham  and  other 
places,  ranking  among  the  leading  pianists  of 
the  day. 

Frias,  Duchess  de,  see  Balfe  (Vic- 
toire). 

Fricker,  Anne,  or  Mogford,  song- 
writer and  poetess,  who  was  born  about  1820. 
IMarried  Mr.  Mogford.  First  song  published, 
1839. 

Works. — Songs  :  A  harvest  hymn  ;  Angel 
of  peace  ;  Autumn  breezes  ;  Consolation ; 
Dear  voices  of  home ;  Dinna  ye  hear  ? ; 
Distant  bells  ;  Fading  away  ;  The  fancy  fair  ; 
Faithless  swallow ;  Flow,  gentle  river  ;  Foot- 
prints in  the  snow ;  Gentle  Clare ;  Gentle 
Shepherd ;  Heart  of  hearts ;  Hesperus ;  I  cried 
unto  Thee ;  I  stood  beneath  the  chestnut 
trees  ;  Marguerite  ;  Memory's  tears  ;  Night- 
ingale ;  The  old  man's  home ;  Oh,  weaiy  eyes ; 
Phillis,  fair;  Regret ;  Robin;  Ruth's  gleaning 
song ;  She  is  not  mine ;  Softly  at  thy  window ; 
Sunshine ;  Sweet  queen  of  hearts ;  Thirty 
years  ago ;  To  Thee  alone ;  Village  bells ; 
When  Celia  sings  ;  W^hen  thou  art  nigh ;  You 
ask  me  for  a  song.     Pf.  music,  etc. 

Fripp,  Edward  Bowles,  amateur  or- 
ganist and  composer,  born  at  Kingsdown, 
Bristol,  January  29,  1787.  He  held  the 
appointment  of  honorary  organist  successively 
at  St.  James'  Church,  Bristol ;  Westbury, 
Gloucestershire ;  and  Hutton,  near  Weston- 
super-LIare.  He  died  at  Teignmouth,  Sept.  1, 
1870.  He  edited  "  Selection  of  Psalms  and 
Hymns,  adapted  in  portions  for  every  Sunday 
and  Festival  of  the  Church  of  England  "  (1850); 
"  L  hurch  Psalmody,  a  collection  of  tunes 
harmonised  for  four  voices  .  "  He  also  com- 
posed much  music  for  the  church  service, 
including  the  hymn  tune  '•  Charmouth." 

Frith,  John,  organist  and  composer  of 
early  jmrt  of  the  17th  century.  He  was 
organist  of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  and 
graduated  Mus.   Bac.  in  1626.      He  died  in 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


153 


FROST. 

1644.     Composer  of  a  degree  exercise  in  seven 
parts  and  of  other  music. 

Frost,  Charles  Joseph,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Westbury-on-Trym,  June 
20,  1848.  His  father  moved  soon  after  to 
Tewkesbury,  where  he  was  schoohnaster  and 
organist  of  Trinity  Church.  The  son  when 
quite  a  child  played  the  pianoforte,  organ, 
violin,  and  violoncello,  and  v?as  soon  actively 
engaged  in  concert  work.  His  first  organ 
appointment  was  at  St.  James',  Cheltenham, 
1865,  from  whence  he  returned  to  Westbury, 
as  organist  of  Holy  Trinity.  During  this  time 
he  made  periodic  visits  to  London,  studying 
under  George  Cooper,  John  Goss,  and  others. 
He  was  next  appointed  to  Holy  Trinity, 
Weston-super-Mare,  1869  ;  Holy  Trinity,  Lee, 
1873;  St.  Mary,  Haggerstone,  1876;  Christ 
Church,  Newgate  Street,  London,  1880 ;  and 
since  1884  has  been  organist  at  St.  Peter's, 
Brockley.  He  started  a  choral  society  there 
in  1885,  and  has  given  important  concerts. 
In  1872  he  was  made  F.C.O.  ;  graduated 
Mus.  B.,  1877  ;  Mus.  D.,  1882,  Cambridge. 
He  has  been,  since  1880,  a  professor  of  the 
organ  at  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music  ;  is 
head  of  the  Music  Section  in  the  Goldsmith's 
Institute,  New  Cross  ;  has  given  recitals  at 
the  Bow  and  Bromley  Instute,  and  elsewhere. 
He  is  an  examiner  for  the  College  of  Organists, 
and  I.S.M.,  has  lectured  in  many  places,  and 
contributed  a  number  of  articles  to  Musical 
Opinion,  and  other  papers.  Of  his  voluminous 
compositions  only  a  selection  can  be  named 
Works.— Oratorios,  Nathan 's  Parable,  1 878 ; 
Harvest  Cantata,  1880  (both  in  MS.) ;  Psalms 
92  and  137,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  organ  ;  Fes- 
tival Te  Deum  ;  services,  anthems,  hymn- 
tunes,  and  chants.  Secular  choral  works  : 
Lollipop  Dick  ;  King  John  and  the  Abbot  of 
Canterbury  ;  Sing  a  Song  of  Sixpence  ;  The 
Gipsies;  "The  Bell,  and  others.  Songs:  The 
Strawberry  Girl,  Paradise,  and  others  ;  Part- 
songs.  Symphony  for  orchestra  (MS.).  Organ: 
Collection  of  organ  pieces  ;  55  hymn-tune 
voluntaries  ;  Sonata  in  A  ;  Forty  preludes, 
1880  ;  27  original  pieces,  &c.  Two  sets  of  six 
original  pieces  for  harmonium  ;  Bouquet  of 
Flowers,  24  pieces ;  Seven  sonatinas,  &c., 
for  pf. 

Frost,  Henry  Frederick,  organist  and 
musical  critic,  born  in  London,  March  15, 
1848,  son  of  Thomas  Frost  (a  well-known 
bass  vocalist,  died  1884),  and  Eliza,  his  wife 
{contralto,  born  Redford).  In  1856,  he  was 
appointed  a  chorister  at  St.  George's  Chapel, 
Windsor,  where  he  soon  became  solo  boy,  and 
head  of  the  school.  He  frequently  sang  in 
private  before  the  Queen,  and  assisted  at  all 
the  Royal  functions  there,  to  the  wedding  of 
the  Prince  of  Wales,  in  1863.  In  1865,  began 
the  study  of  the  organ  under  Sebastian  Hart, 
of  St.  Peter's,  Great  Windmill  Street,  Lon- 


FRYE. 

don  ;  became  his  assistant  three  weeks  later ; 
and  in  December  of  the  same  year  gained  the 
post  of  organist,  after  competition,  at  the 
Chapel  Royal,  Savoy.  Began  his  work  as  a 
critic  in  1874,  on  the  Weekly  Despatch,  being 
among  the  earliest  champions  of  Wagner.  In 
1877,  was  associated  with  E.  Prout  on  The 
Academy,  and  later  on  The  AthencEum,  taking 
the  whole  duty  on  this  paper  in  1888,  and 
succeeding  the  last  Desmond  L.  Ryan  on  the 
Standard,  the  same  year.  Professor  of  har- 
mony and  sight-singing,  Madame  Dolby's 
Academy,  and  professor  of  pf.  at  Guildhall 
School  of  Music,  1880.  Resigned  these  posts 
in  1888,  and  his  position  at  the  Savoy  Chapel 
Royal,  1891.  Author  of  "  Schubert,"  Great 
Musicians  Series,  Sampson  Low,  London, 
1881.  Lecturer  on  Wagner's  Art  works,  at 
the  Musical  Association  ;  London  Wagner 
Society,  etc.  Composer  of  Savoy  Hymn-tunes 
and  Chants,  London,  Novello.  His  daughter, 
Be.\trice  Frost,  soprano  vocalist,  studied 
under  her  father,  and  Hermann  Klein,  at 
the  Guildhall  School  of  Music,  gaining  the 
prize  for  soprano,  1895.  Made  her  debut  at 
St.  James'  Hall,  April  4,  1895  ;  and  gave  her 
first  concert  at  Stein  way  Hall,  December  15, 
1896.  She  has  appeared  at  other  concerts, 
and  is  gaining  a  good  position. 

Frost,  William  Alfred,  alto  vocalist, 
composer,  and  teacher,  brother  of  the  fore- 
going, born  in  London,  November  7,  1850. 
Chorister  at  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor, 
1859-66.  Returning  to  London  in  1869,  he 
was  engaged  as  an  alto  in  the  choir  of  Arch- 
bishop Tenison's  Chapel  (afterwards  conse- 
crated as  St.  Thomas',  Regent  Street)  ;  in 
1870,  at  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street ;  and  in 
1872,  at  All  Saints',  Margaret  Street.  He 
was  then  elected  assistant  vicar-choral  at  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  entering  upon  his  duties, 
March,  1873.  Appointed  professor  of  pf.  and 
assistant  singing  master  in  the  Choir  School, 
1888,  and  succeeding  the  late  W.  A.  Barrett 
as  vicar-choral  in  1891.  Became  general  sec- 
retary of  the  Choir  Benevolent  Fund,  1889. 
As  a  teacher  he  has  been  specially  successful 
in  training  altos.  His  compositions  embrace 
a  complete  morning,  communion,  and  evening 
service,  for  men's  voices,  written  for  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral  at  the  request  of  the  then  organist, 
(Sir)  John  Stainer  ;  an  anthem,  "I  will  go 
unto  the  Altar  of  God";  Songs,  and  part- 
songs.  Author  of  an  historical  essay,  "  Good 
Friday  and  Easter  Eve  Communion,  from 
I  the  Days  of  the  Apostles  to  the  present  time." 

Frost,  William  Lane,  organist  and  com- 
poser. He  has  written  an  opera,  "Fred"; 
Cantatas,  "Maldwyn  the  Crusader,"  produced 
Forest  Hill,  April,  1885,  and  "Lord  of  the 
Harvest."     Pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

Frye,  John  Thomas,  organist,  was  born 
in  1812.     When  only  eight  years  old  he  was 


154 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


FRYER. 

appointed  organist  of  St.  Mary's  Church, 
Saffron  Walden,  a  post  he  held  for  64  years, 
from  1820  to  1884,  Fie  died  at  Saffron  Wal- 
den, October  23,  1887. 

Fryer,  Q.,  compiler,  issued  "  The  poetry 
of  various  glees,  songs,  etc.,  as  performed  at 
the  Hannonisto,"  London,  1798. 

Fuicher,  John,  musician  and  editor, 
born  at  London,  August  18,  1830.  He  studied 
under  ]\Ieyer  Lutz  and  Alfred  Mullen,  and  in 
1855  settled  in  Glasgow  as  a  teacher,  where 
he  held  the  appointment  of  choirmaster  in 
Glasgow  Cathedral,  from  1868  to  1879.  He 
died  at  Glasgow,  July  10,  1893.  Editor  of 
"  Lays  and  Lyrics  of  Scotland,"  with  a  His- 
torical Epitome  of  Scottish  Song  by  James 
Ballantine,  etc.,  London,  n.d.  [1870] .  Snvys  : 
Afton  Water  ;  Bonnie,  bounie  Bell ;  Hurrah 
for  the  Highlands ;  Where  hath  Scotland 
found  her  fame  ?  Transcriptions,  etc.,  for  pf. 
Part-songs  (arrangements);  Beauties  of  Scot- 
tish Song  (with  T.  S.  Gleadhill  and  Thomson). 
The  accompaniments  and  arrangements  of 
the  Scottish  songs  in  his  collections  are  much 
richer  than  those  written  by  Surenne,  Dun, 
Mudie,  and  others,  and  are  accordingly  more 
acceptable  to  modern  taste.  His  son,  Hexry 
Maclkod  Fulcher,  born  at  Glasgow,  in 
January,  1856,  is  an  organist  and  composer 
of  ability,  who  has  written  some  effective 
pianoforte  nnisic. 

Fuller=Maitland,    see  Maitland,   J.  A. 

FlLLKH- 

Fussell,  Peter,  or  Fussel,  organist,  bom 
about  1750.  Succeeded  James  Kent  as  organ- 
ist of  Winchester  Cathedral,  in  1774,  holding 
that  appointment  until  his  death,  July,  1802. 
Taught  Charles  Dibdin,  the  elder,  his  notes, 
and  trained  other  musicians  who  afterwards 
attained  good  position?^. 

Fyfe  William,  Wallace,  Scottish  writer, 
author  of  "Christmas,  its  customs  and  carols, 
with  compressed  vocal  score  of  select  choral 
illustrations,"  London  [1860j ;  and  various 
poetical  and  other  works. 

Gabriel,  Mary  Ann  Virginia,  composer, 
was  burn  at  Banstead,  Surrey,  February  7, 
1825.  She  studied  music  under  Pixis,  Dohler, 
Thalberg,  and  Molique.  Married  to  George 
E.  March,  November,  1874.  She  died  at 
London,  August  7,  1877,  from  the  effects  of  a 
carriage  accident. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Evangeline  (Long- 
fellow) ;  Dreamland ;  Graziella.  Operettas  : 
Widows  Bewitched;  Grass  Widows;  Shepherd 
of  Cornouailles  ;  Who's  the  Heir  ? ;  A  Rainy 
Day.  Songs :  A  farewell ;  Ariel ;  At  her 
wheel  the  maiden  sitting ;  Across  the  sea  ; 
Alone  ;  At  rest ;  A  dead  past ;  A  fisher's  wife ; 
Alone  in  the  twilight ;  A  mother's  song ;  Ar- 
den  towers  ;  Asleep  ;  A  song  in  the  heather  ; 
At  my  feet  ;  At  the  window ;  Beryl ;  Beside 


GAFFE. 

the  sea  ;  Brighter  hours ;  Bye  and  bye ; 
Change  upon  change  ;  Chattering ;  Calling 
the  roll ;  Corra  Linn  ;  Dawn ;  Dawn  of  Spring- 
tide ;  Day  is  dying ;  Dream,  baby,  dream ; 
Echo  ;  Eight  fishers  of  Calais  ;  Emerald  ; 
Fisherman's  Widow  ;  Golden  wedding  day  ; 
Happy  days  ;  His  work  is  done  ;  He  will  not 
come ;  Hopeless ;  In  the  gloaming ;  Lady 
Moon ;  Lost  love ;  Little  blossom  ;  Little 
flowers  ;  Light  in  the  window  ;  Lady  of  Kie- 
nast  Tower ;  ^Nfountain  echo ;  ]Niy  love ; 
Nightfall  at  sea;  Only  at  home;  Oh!  spare 
my  boy  at  sea  ;  Only  ;  The  Opal  ring;  Pearl; 
The  Prodigal  son  ;  Prisoner  and  the  linnet ; 
Ruby ;  Remembered ;  Sweet  seventeen ; 
Shadow  light ;  Somebody's  darling ;  Sacred 
vows  ;  Servian  ballad  ;  Skipper  and  his  boy  ; 
The  surprise;  Three  roses;  "Tender  and  true; 
The  ring ;  Under  the  palm ;  Wake  m j-  beloved ; 
Work  ;  Weep  not  for  me ;  When  the  pale 
moon  ;  Weary ;  When  sparrows  build.  Part- 
songs,  pianoforte  pieces,  etc. 

Qadsby,  Henry  Robert,  composer,  born 
at  Hackuey,  London,  December  15,  1842. 
Chorister  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1849-58, 
and  self-taught  in  music  beyond  the  instruc- 
tion he  then  received  from  W'lliam  Baj'ley, 
master  of  the  boys.  He  was  organist  of  St. 
Peter's,  Brockley,  Surrey,  for  some  time  up 
to  1884,  in  which  year  he  succeeded  John 
Hullah  as  professor  of  harmony  at  Queen's 
College,  London,  He  is  also  a  professor  at 
the  Guildhall  School  of  Music.  Member  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society,  and  hon.  F.R.C.O. 

Works. — Psalm  1.30.  Cantatas:  Alice 
Brand,  1870;  The  Lord  of  the  isles,  Brighton 
Festival,  1879;  Columbus  (male  voices).  Cry- 
stal Palace,  March.  1881  :  The  Cyclops  (male 
voices).  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  May,  1890; 
Music  to  Alcestis,  1876 ;  to  Andromache. 
Festival  service  in  D,  for  eight  voices  ;  Service 
in  C,  and  others.  Anthems:  He  is  risen; 
Rejoice  greatly  ;  Sing,  0  daughter  of  Zion, 
etc.  Part-songs.  Orchestral :  Symphonies 
ill  A,  and  C,  movements  from  one  performed 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  February,  1871  ;  Festal 
Symphony  in  D,  Crystal  Palace,  November 
3,  1888 ;  Intermezzo  and  Scherzo,  composed 
for  the  British  Orchestral  Society,  produced, 
April  21,  1875.  Overtures  :  Andromeda ; 
Golden  Legend  ;  Witches  Frolic.  Orchestral 
scene.  The  Forest  of  .Ardeii,  produced  by  the 
Philharmonic  Society.  ^larch  4, 1886  String 
quartet;  Andai.te  and  rondo,  flute  and  pf. 
Author  of  Supplemental  Bonk  of  Exercises 
for  the  use  of  those  learning  to  sing  at  sight. 
Harmony,  a  treatise,  and  harmonisation  of 
given  melodies,  London,  1884. 

Gaffe,  George,  organist  and  conductor, 
born  at  Cawston,  Norfolk,  July  27,  1849. 
Chorister,  Norwich  Cathedral,  at  the  age  of 
nine,  afterwards  articled  to  Dr.  Buck  for 
seven    years.      In    1874    he    was   appointed 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGKAPHY, 


155 


GALE. 

organist  of  Oswestry  Parish  Church.  While 
there  he  was  associated  with  the  late  iieiiry 
Leslie  in  founding  a  Music  school,  and  estab- 
lishing a  Choral  Society,  which  afterwards 
figured  in  the  Musical  Festivals  of  that  town. 
In  1880  he  was  appointed  to  St.  Alban's 
Cathedral.  He  has  given  performances  of 
oratorios  in  tlie  Cathedral,  and  been  active 
in  promoting  the  cause  of  music,  founding, 
in  1887,  a  School  of  Music,  which  is  success- 
fully carried  on.  He  is  a  Fellow  and  ]Meni- 
ber  of  the  Council  of  ihe  Koyal  College  of 
Organists. 

Gale,  Robert,  musician,  was  born  at  Lon- 
don, August  4,  1769.  He  was  for  a  time  a 
tuner  in  the  service  of  Messrs.  Broadwood, 
and  afterwards  he  became  a  musi';  teacher  in 
Edinburgh.  Finally  he  settled  in  Ayr,  where 
he  held  the  appointments  of  precentor  in  the 
Relief  Church,  and  afterwards  in  the  Old 
Established  Church,  till  1843.  He  died  at 
Glasgow  in  May,  1845. 

He  compiled  "Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes, 
selected  from  the  most  approved  composers 
...  to  which  is  prefixed  a  clear  and  easy 
method  of  initiating  the  scholar  in  the  rudi- 
ments of  Music,"  Edinburgh,  1824-1840,  three 
editions.  He  also  composed  the  songs,  "  Scot- 
land, I've  no  friend  but  thee,"  and  "  The 
Maid  of  Elderslie."  He  was  an  enthusiastic 
musician,  and  formed  a  small  circle  of  equally 
earnest  musicians,  who  all  helped  to  improve 
psalmody  in  Ayrshire. 

Qall,  Rev.  James,  musician  and  clergy- 
man, born  at  Edinburgh,  September  27,  1808. 
He  devoted  much  of  his  life  to  the  Sunday 
School  movement,  and  published  a  number 
of  cheap  musical  works  through  the  firm  of 
James  Gall  &  Sons,  afterwards  Gall  and 
Inglis,  of  which  he  was  a  member.  These 
comprised  "  Children's  Hymn  Books,"  "  Scot- 
tish Psalm  Tune  Book,"  "English  Hymn 
Tune  Book,"  etc.  He  invented  a  cheap  pro- 
cess of  mu.-ic  printing  which  greatly  facilitated 
his  work.  He  also  composed  some  hymn 
tunes. 

Gamble,  John,  violinist  and  composer  of 
17th  century.  He  studied  under  A.  Beyland, 
and  became  a  violinist  in  the  private  band  of 
Charles  II.,  etc.  He  died  in  1657.  He  com- 
posed "  Ayres  and  Dialogues,"  1657.  "Ayres 
and  Dialogues  for  one,  two,  and  three  voyces," 
1659. 

Gandsey,  John,  a  celebrated  Irish  piper, 
who  was  born  in  1768,  and  died  in  1857. 

Gardiner,  William,  musician  and  writer, 
born  at  Leicester,  March  15,  1770.  He 
travelled  much  on  the  Continent.  Died  at 
Leicester,  November  16,  1853. 

Works. — Sacred  Melodies,  from  Haydn, 
Mozart,  and  Beethoven,  6  vols.,  Loudon, 
1812,  etc.  Judah,  an  oratorio,  adapted  from 
the  works  of  Haydn,  Mozart,  and  Beethoven. 


GARLAND. 

Popes  "Universal  Prayer"  set  to  music  by 
Haydn,  Mozart,  and  Beethoven.  The  Music 
of  Nature  ;  or,  an  attempt  to  prove  that  what 
is  passionate  and  pleasing  in  the  art  of 
singing,  speaking,  and  performing  upon 
Musical  Instruments,  is  derived  from  the 
sounds  of  the  animated  world. ..London,  1882. 
American  reprint,  Ditson,  Hostou,  n  d.  ]\Iusic 
and  friends;  or,  pleasant  recollections  of  a 
Dilettante.  London,  3  vols.,  1838-1853. 
Siglits  in  Italy  ;  witli  some  account  of  the 
present  state  of  music  and  the  sister  arts  in 
that  country.     Londe-ir,  1847. 

Gardiner  composL-d  ,^ome  songs  under  tlie 
pen  name  of  W.  G.  Leicester.  He  if;  chiefly 
t>)  be  remembeied  as  tlie  autlior  of  "Tlie 
;\Iusic  of  Nature,"  a  work  which  contains 
much  useful  infurmation  and  curious  and 
occasionally  eccentric  speculations. 

Gardner,  Charles  Graham,  organist 
and  pianist,  born  at  Rotherhithe,  Surrey, 
February  14,  1808.  Studied  under  J.  B. 
Cramer,  Moscheles,  W.  Horsley,  and  Samuel 
Wesley.  He  was  highly  esteemed  as  a  teacher, 
and  numbered  among  his  pupils  H.R.H. 
Prince  Arthur,  The  Duke  of  Connaught,  who 
received  lessons  from  him  during  the  seven 
years  he  was  studying  in  Woolwich.  He  was 
orgmist  of  St.  Margaret's  Church,  Lee,  for 
36  years,  and  after  his  death,  which  took 
place  October  31,  1869,  the  parishioners,  by 
whom  he  was  held  in  great  esteem,  erected  a 
monum  nt  to  his  memory. 

Gardner,  Charles,  pianist  and  composer, 
son  of  above,  was  born  at  Greenwich,  April  1, 
1836.  He  received  his  first  instruction  in 
music  from  his  father,  afterwards  studying 
under  Oliver  May  and  Ernest  Pauer  (piano- 
forte), and  J.  McMurdie  and  G.  A.  Macfarren 
(composition).  When  the  church  of  St. 
Michael  and  All  Angels,  Paddington,  was 
consecrated,  Charles  Gardner  was  appointed 
organist  and  choirmaster,  an  office  he  held 
for  some  years,  but  he  has  for  a  long  time 
given  up  organ  work.  For  many  years  his 
Musical  Matinees  have  been  a  feature  of  the 
London  season.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society,  and  has  since  1884 
continuously  held  the  office  of  a  Director; 
also  professor  of  the  pianoforte  at  the  Guild- 
hall School  of  Music,  and  L.R.A.M. 

WonKS.— Trio  for  pf.  and  strings  ;  Sonata 
in  A.  Suite  for  pf.,  op.  40;  Suite  iu  five 
movements,  op.  50.,  pf.,  and  many  smaller 
pieces.  Educational  publications  :  Technical 
Exercises  for  pf.  students ;  Diatonic  and 
Chromatic  -  cales,  with  rules  of  fingering  ; 
Arpeggios  of  the  Common  Chord,  and  Domi- 
nant and  Diminished  Sevenths,  &c. 

Garland,  Thomas,  organist  of  latter  half 
of  18th,  and  beginning  of  present  centuries. 
He  was  organist  of  Norwich  Cathedral  till 
1808,  the  year  of  his  death.     Chiefly  remark- 


156 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


GARLAND. 

able  as  the  teacher  of  several  musicians  who 
have  attained  fame. 

Garland,  William  Henry,  organist  and 
conductor,  born  at  York,  in  June,  1852.  In 
his  eighth  year  was  placed  as  a  chorister  in 
the  ^linster,  where  he  was  distinguished  as  a 
solo  boy.  He  was  then  articled  to  Dr.  Monk. 
In  1878  he  took  the  ^lus.  Bac.  degree  at 
Oxford,  and  in  1882  passed  the  examination 
for  F.C.O.  His  first  organ  appointment  was 
at  St.  Paul's  Church,  Rome,  whither  he  went 
on  the  expiration  of  his  articles.  Here  he 
remained  for  three  years,  when  ill-health 
compelled  his  return  to  England.  He  next 
held  the  post  of  organist  at  Reading  Parish 
Church  for  three  years,  and  after  a  year's 
work  as  acting  organist  and  choirmaster  at 
York  Minster  (during  Dr.  ]\Ionk's  absence 
through  illness),  was  appointed  to  Halifax 
Parish  Church  in  1884.  In  188C  he  was 
elected  conductor  of  the  Halifax  Choral 
Societ}',  one  famous  in  local  musical  history, 
established  early  in  the  century,  and  now 
flourishing.  Six  years  later  he  received  a 
similar  appointment  to  the  Bradford  Festival 
Choral  Society,  and  was  divisional  chorus 
master  for  the  Leeds  ]\Iusical  Festival  since 
1892.  He  died  at  Halifax,  February  13,  1897. 
His  Degree  Exercise  was  a  setting  of  Psalm  2.3, 
and  he  published  some  Church  music.  His 
brother,  Charles  T.  Garland,  was  a  choris- 
ter, and  afterwards  a  bass  singer  in  the  choir 
of  York  Minster.  In  1874  he  was  appointed 
to  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  where  he  is  now 
the  senior  lay-clerk.  He  is  also  music-master 
at  the  College  School. 

Garrett,  George  Mursell,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Winchester,  June  8,  1834. 
Son  of  William  (rarrctt,  master  of  the  choris- 
ters, Winchester  Cathedral.  Chorister  of  New 
College,  Oxford,  and  i)upil  of  Dr.  Stephen 
Elvey.  Studied  later  under  S.  S.  Wesley. 
Assistant  organist,  Winchester  Cathedral, 
1851-4 ;  organist  of  Madras  Cathedral,  1854-6 ; 
of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  1857 ;  and 
organist  to  the  Universitv  in  1873.  Gradua- 
ted Mus.  Bac,  1857;  Mus.  Doc,  18G7,  Cam- 
bridge ;  and,  by  grace  of  the  Senate,  received 
the  degree  of  M.A.  propter  merita,  1878. 
F.R.C.O.  University  lecturer  in  harmony 
and  counterpoint,  1883.  Examiner  in  ]Music 
for  the  University  of  Cambridge,  for  the  Irish 
Intermediate  Education  Board,  and  other 
institutions.  Conductor  of  St.  John's  College 
Musical  Society,  and  solo  pianist  at  its  con- 
certs, 1876,  etc.  Member  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society. 

Works. — Oratorio,  The  Shunammite,  pro- 
duced by  the  Cambridge  University  IMusical 
Society,  June  13,  1882,  and  given  at  the 
Hereford  Festival  of  1882.  Cantatas  :  The 
Delivei'ance  of  St.  Peter  ;  Prayer  and  praise  ; 
Harvest   Cantata ;    The  Two  Advents,   com- 


GASKELL. 

posed  for  a  choir  festival.  New  York  ;  Secular 
cantata,  The  Triumph  of  Love,  produced  by 
the  Cambridge  University  Musical  Society. 
Church  Services  in  D,  P,  E  flat,  and  E  ; 
Evening  Service  in  B  flat,  written  for  St. 
James's  Choir  Festival,  New  Y'ork,  and  others. 
Anthems :  Psalm  43  ;  In  humble  faith  and 
holy  love ;  Praise  ye  the  Lord  (Harvest) ; 
Thy  mercy,  0  Lord,  written  for  the  Festival 
of  the  London  Church  Choir  Association,  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  November  16,  1893,  and 
various  others.  Chants,  old  and  new,  selected 
and  arranged  in  order  of  daily  use  for  one 
calendar  month,  with  special  chants  for  the 
Venite  and  Proper  Psahns.  Part-songs,  songs, 
organ  pieces,  etc. 

Garrow,  Mrs.,  fee  sub  Abrams,  Harriet. 

Garth,  John,  organist  and  composer,  born 
at  Durham,  1722.  He  died  in  1810.  He 
pul)lished  "  The  First  Fifty  Psalms,  set  to 
musicby  Benedetto i\Iarcello,"  London, 8 vols., 
1757.  He  also  wrote  much  instrumental 
music,  among  other  works,  "  Six  sonatas  for 
th  harpsichord,  two  violins,  and  violoncello," 
op.  2, 1768.  Six  organ  voluntaries,  op.  3  [1780]. 
Thirty  collects  set  to  music,  London,  1794. 
Avison  aide  I  Garth  with  the  editing  of  Mar- 
cello's  psalms. 

Garth,  Richard  Machill,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Pudsey,  near  Leeds, 
October  15,  1860.  Educated  at  Batley  Gram- 
mar School,  and  chorister  at  the  Parish 
Church.  Pupil  of  the  late  James  Broughton, 
Leeds,  for  pianoforte ;  also  studied  under 
J.  H.  Collinson,  Gustav  Schreck,  and  others. 
After  holding  several  appointments  he 
became  assistant  organist  of  St.  Mary's 
Cathedral,  Edinburgh,  1882,  later  under- 
taking the  duties  of  private  organist  to, 
among  others,  Sir  IMichael  Shaw  Stewart, 
of  Ardgowan.  Organist  of  Clark  ]\Iemorial 
Church,  Largs,  1893;  Choirmasier  St.  Col- 
umba's  Episcopal  Church,  Largs,  at  present 
time.  Conductor  of  Unittd  Choir,  Cumbrae, 
and,  1888,  of  the  Greenock  Choral  Society. 
Elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Educational  Institute 
of  Scotland,  1885.  Has  given  organ  recitals 
in  London  ("  Inventions,"  1885),  Edinburgh, 
Glasgow,  and  Paris. 

Works. — Ezekiel,  dramatic  oratorio,  1888; 
Choral  ballads — Charge  of  the  Light  Brigade, 
1889;  Wild  Huntsman,  1890.  Full  cathedral 
service  in  E  flat ;  anthems,  hymn-tunes,  and 
chants.  Songs  :  A  message  from  the  sea  ; 
Though  years  have  lapsed ;  The  heaving  of 
the  lead  (prize),  and  others.  Concerto  in  D, 
violin  and  orchestra;  Six  string  quartets; 
Sonata  in  F,  and  other  organ  pieces ;  Six 
Lieder  oline  worte,  pf.,  &c.  A  number  of 
arrangements,  and  a  text-book  on  arrange- 
ments, for  military  bands.  In  ]\IS.  an  opera, 
The  brigand  (libretto  by  Edward  Oxenford). 

Gaskell,  James,  org  mist  and  composer. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


157 


GASKIN. 

born  near  Wigan,  August  26,  1841.  Studied 
pianoforte  with  C.  A.  Seymour,  harmony  with 
Dr.  J.  M.  Bentley,  and  organ  under  F.  H. 
Burstall.  Organist,  Parish  Church,  Pemberton, 
near  Wigan  ;  arid  from  1885,  of  St.  Barnabas, 
Swindon,  Wilts.  Composer  of  a  collection  of 
anthems  and  hymn-tunes  ;  songs,  &c. 

Qaskin,  James  J.,  musician,  born  about 
1820;  died  at  Dublin  in  1876.  Author  of 
"  Early  History,  etc.,  of  Vocal  Music."  Lon- 
don, 1860. 

Gason,  Adam  F.,  author  of  "  A  Short 
Treatise  in  Defence  of  Cathedral  Worship," 
Dublin,  1846. 

Gater,  William  Henry,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  Dublin,  August  8,  1849. 
Musical  training  private ;  studied  organ  under 
Sir  R.  P.  Stewart.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1876,  and  B.A.,  1881, 
with  honours  in  English  and  modern  liter- 
ature ;  Mus.  Doc,  1886.  He  also  passed 
through  I  he  Divinity  School,  obtaining  several 
prizes.  Organist  of  Christ  Church,  Bray, 
1871-3 ;  to  the  Exhibition  Palace,  Dubhn, 
1872-3 ;  St.  Andrew's,  Dub  in,  1873 ;  and 
since  1876,  organist  of  St.  Stephen's,  Dublin. 
Choirmaster,  for  several  years,  to  the  East 
Meath  Diocesan  Choral  Association.  His 
compositions  include  a  setting  of  Ps.  66,  for 
soli,  chorus,  and  organ ;  a  cantata,  "  The 
Passions "  (Collins),  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchesira;  two  services,  and  other  Church 
music  ;  hymn  tune,  "  From  Greenland's  Icy 
Mountains,"  Wrexham  Eisteddfod  Prize, 
1888 ;  organ  pieces,  etc.,  the  greater  part 
remaining  still  in  MS 

Gates,  Bernard,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1685.  He  was  one  of  the  children  of 
the  Chapel  Royal,  1702;  a  Gentleman,  1708  ; 
and  Master  of  the  children  from  1740  to  1758. 
He  died  at  North  Aston,  near  Oxford,  Novem- 
ber 15,  1773 ;  in  the  Parish  Church  of  which 
there  is  a  memorial  to  him.  His  composi- 
tions, including  a  service  in  F,  are  mostly  in 
MS. 

Gattie,  Henry,  violinist.  He  was  second 
violin  in  the  Blagrove  quartet,  which  com- 
menced a  series  of  chamber  concerts  in  the 
Hanover  Square  Rooms,  March  17, 1836.  For 
years  he  was  associated  with  chamber  music 
in  connection  with  Joseph  Banister,  Dando, 
and  others ;  and  was  in  repute  as  a  teacher. 
He  died  in  London,  early  in  1853. 

Qatty,  Alfred  Scott,  composer  and 
writer,  born  at  Ecclesfield,  Yorks.,  April  25, 
1847.  Second  son  of  Rev.  Alfred  Gatty,  D.D. , 
vicar  of  Ecclesfield,  Sub-dean  of  York  Cath- 
edral, etc.  Studied  at  Marlborough,  and 
Christ's  College,  Cambridge.  Rouge  Dragon, 
Pursuivant  of  Arms,  Herald's  College,  Lon- 
don, 1880.  He  has  composed  two  operettas, 
"  Sandford  and  Merton's  Christmas  Party," 
1880 ;  and  "  Not  at  Home,"  1886.     Is  author 


GAUNTLETT. 

of  "Little  songs  for  little  voices  "  (words  and 
music),  two  books,  published  originally  in 
AvMt  Judy's  Magazine  ;  other  books  for  child- 
ren, illustrated  by  C.  A.  Doyle ;  and  a  large 
number  of  songs,  True  till  death ;  O  fair 
dove,  O  fond  dove ;  Some  future  aay ;  The 
open  window  ;  When  love  was  a  little  boy, 
etc.     Pianoforte  music,  etc. 

Gaudry,  Richard  Otto,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Dublin.  1800.  He  was  chorister 
in  the  chapel  of  Dublin  Castle,  md  organist 
of  St.  Anne's,  Dublin.  He  died  at  Dublin, 
August,  1825.     Composer  of  anthems,  etc. 

Gaul,  Alfred  Robert,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Norwich,  April  30,  1837.  Of  a 
musical  family,  he  was  entered  as  a  chorister 
at  Norwich  Cathedral  at  the  age  of  nine  ; 
afterwards  articled  pupil  of  Dr.  Buck,  and 
assistant  or.-  anist.  When  seventeen  he  was 
appointed  organist  of  Fakenham  parish 
church,  which  he  left  in  1859,  for  St.  John's, 
Lady  Wood,  Birmingham.  He  has  been 
organist  and  choirmaster  at  S  .  Augustine's, 
Edgbaston,  since  the  church  was  built  in 
]868.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1863,  Cam- 
bridge. In  1887  he  succeeded  Mr.  Stockley 
as  conductor  of  Walsall  Philharmonic  Society, 
and  for  some  years  he  held  that  and  other 
similar  offices  in  different  places.  He  is  now 
teacher  of  harmony  and  counterpoint,  and 
conductor  of  the  ladies'  singing  class  at  the 
Birmingham  and  Midland  Institute  ;  teacher 
of  harmony  and  singing  at  King  Edward's 
High  School  for  Girls;  and  teacher  at  the 
Blind  Asylum.  He  has  conducted  perform- 
ances of  his  works  in  many  towns,  and  played 
at  the  Bow  and  Bromley  Institute  in  1888. 

Works. — Hezekiah,  oratorio,  produced  by 
the  Amateur  Harmonic  Association,  Town 
Hall,  I'.irmingham,  November  29,  1861 ; 
Psalm  1  (degree  ex.),  1863.  Cantatas:  Ruth, 
1881  ;  The  holy  city,  produced  at  the  Bir- 
mingham Festival,  1882 ;  Passion  music, 
1883  ;  Joan  of  Arc,  produced  by  the  Birming- 
ham Festival  Choral  Society,  1887 ;  The  ten 
virgins,  1890;  Israel  in  the  wilderness,. 
Crystal  Palace,  July  9,  1892  ;  and  Una,  com- 
posed for  the  Norwich  Festival,  1893.  Psalm 
150,  performed  by  the  liOndon  Church  Choir 
Association,  St.  Paul's,  1886;  The  Lord  is  my 
Shepherd  ;  Psalm  96,  for  eight-part  chorus, 
and  others ;  hymn-tunes,  chants,  &c.  Ode, 
A  song  of  life ;  The  shipwreck,  prize  glee ; 
The  silent  land,  performed  by  Leslie  Choir, 
Paris,  1878,  and  given  at  the  Birmingham 
Festival,  18'79  ;  The  singers ;  The  day  is  done, 
and  other  part-songs,  school  cantatas,  col- 
lection of  trios,  duets,  &c.  The  ferry  maiden  ; 
Faithful  yet ;  The  sea's  love,  and  other  songs. 
Soivata  in  B  flat  minor,  and  various  pieces 
for  pf. 

Gauntlett,  Henry  John,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Wellington,  Shropshire,  July 


158 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


GAWLER. 

9,  1805.  Son  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Gauntlett. 
Organist  at  Olney,  Bucks.,  1815.  Articled  for 
a  time  to  a  solicitor,  1826.  Organist  at  St. 
Olave's,  Southwark,  1827-47.  Admitted  as  a 
solicitor,  1831.  Commenced  his  labours  in 
connection  with  the  establishment  of  the  G 
organ,  18.36,  which  latterly  took  the  place  of 
the  F  and  G  instruments.  Organist  of  Christ 
Church,  Newgate  Street,  1836.  Gave  up  prac- 
tice of  the  law,  1842.  Mus.  Doc,  Lambeth, 
1843.  Organist  of  Union  Chapel,  Islington, 
1852-61 ;  Church  of  St.  Bartholomew  the  Less, 
Smithfield,  1872.  He  died  at  Kensington, 
London,  February  21,  1876. 

Works. — Hymnal  for  Matins  and  Even- 
song, 1844  ;  The  Church  Hymnal  and  Tune 
Book,  1844-51 ;  Cantus  Melodici,  1845  ;  The 
Comprehensive  Tune  Book,  1846-7 ;  The  Halle- 
lujah, 1848-55;  The  Congregational  Psalmist, 
1851 ;  Carlyle's  Manual  of  Psalmody,  1861 ; 
Tunes,  New  and  Old,  1868;  Harlaud's  Church 
Psalter  and  Hymnal,  1868;  The  Encyclopedia 
of  tlie  Ch  Lilt  ;  St.  Mark's  Tune  Book  ;  The 
Choral  use  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer, 
London,  1854.  Anthems— I  will  go  unto  the 
altar  of  God  ;  This  is  the  day  the  Lord  hath 
made  ;  Thou  wilt  keep  him  in  perfect  peace, 
in  E  fiat.  Hymns  and  Christmas  carols ;  One 
Hundred  and  Fifty-six  Questions  on  the  art 
of  Music-making  and  the  science  of  Music, 
London,  1864.  Songs,  glees,  organ-music,  &c. 
Revised,  Jos.  Williams'  "  Christmas  min- 
strelsy, or  carols,  anthems,"  &c. 

Mr.  Gauntlett  was  in  his  lifetime  recognised 
as  one  of  the  foremost  organists  and  author- 
ities on  psalmody.  His  hymnals,  psalms,  etc., 
are  compilations  of  the  highest  merit,  the 
hand  of  the  musician  being  always  observable 
where  too  often  we  find  the  work  of  the 
officious  reviser.  His  anthems  are  in  frequent 
use,  and  his  hymns  are  favourites.  Among 
the  latter  may  be  named  Alexandria,  Brayles- 
ford,  Bredon,  Croyland,  Denbigh,  Gauntlett, 
Houghton,  and  Lux  Alma. 

Qawler,  William,  organist  and  teacher, 
born  in  Lambeth,  1750.  He  was  organist  in 
the  Asylum  for  Female  Orphans.  He  died 
in  March,  1809.  He  compiled  "  Harmonia 
Sacra,  or  a  Collection  of  Psalm  Tunes,  with 
interludes,  and  with  a  thorough-bass,  form- 
ing a  most  complete  work  of  Sacred  Music," 
Loudon,  1781.  Dr.  Watts's  Divine  Songs 
[1780] .  Lessons  for  the  harpsichord. 
Hymns  and  psalms  used  at  the  Asylum 
or  House  of  Refuge  for  Female  Orphans, 
London  [1785] .  Voluntaries,  interludes,  etc., 
for  organ.  Miscellaneous  collection  of  fugi- 
tive pieces  for  harpsichord  or  pf.  [1780]. 
Songs,  etc. 

Gawthorn,  Nathaniel,  Enghsh  musi- 
cian, was  conductor  of  psalmody  at  the 
Friday  lecture  in  Eastcheap,  London,  early 
in  the  18th  century.      Compiler  of  "  Harmo- 


GEAR. 

nine  Perfecta,  a  compleat  collection  of  psalm 
tunes  in  four  parts,  fitted  to  all  the  various 
measures  now  in  use,  taken  from  the  most 
eminent  masters,"  London,  1730. 

Gawthrop,  James,  tenor  vocalist,  born 
in  York.  Studied  singing  under  J.  B.  Welch. 
Appointed  in  1877  vicar-choral  of  Wells 
Cathedral ;  in  1880,  to  St.  George's  Chapel, 
Windsor;  and  in  ls85  made  a  Gentleman  of 
Her  Majesty's  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James's. 
As  a  concert  singer  he  has  been  heard  at  the 
Covent  Garden  Promenade  Concerts,  in  the 
chief  provincial  cities,  etc. 

Gay,  George,  stonemason  and  musician, 
born  November  17,  1771,  at  Corsham  (?),  died 
there,  July  26,  1833.  Builder  of  Melksham 
Bridge,  Wilts.  Organ  builder  and  verse 
writer.  Organist  of  Corsham  Independent 
Chapel,  Wilts.  Committed  suicide  by  cutting 
through  carotid  artery  with  his  own  mallet 
and  chisel.  Composer  of  antliems  and  hymn 
tunes  in  3,  5,  and  8  parts.  Compiler  of  "  Sa- 
cred Music,  consisting  of  50  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes.. to  which  are  prefixed  some  original 
ideas  calculated  to  improve  the  method  of 
singing,"  London,  1827.  In  1833  he  revised 
T.  Hawkes'  "  Collection  of  Tunes." 

Gear,  Henry  Handel,  tenor  vocalist  and 
composer,  born  at  London,  October  28,  1805. 
Son  of  an  artist,  who  held  the  appointment 
of  painter  to  the  Duke  of  Sussex.  He  was  a 
choir  boy  in  the  Chapel  Royal  and  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral ;  but  in  1822  he  went  to  New  York 
and  became  organist  of  Grace  Church.  In 
1828  he  proceeded  to  Italy,  where  he  studied 
singing  under  Nozzari,  etc.,  and  afterwards 
he  went  to  Frankfort  and  sang  there,  and  in 
Paris.  He  finally  settled  in  London  as  a 
professor  of  singing,  and  was  for  over  17  years 
organist  of  Quebec  Chapel,  Bryauston  Street. 
Composer  of  church  services,  anthems,  songs, 
etc.     He  died  in  London,  October  16,  1884. 

His  third  son,  George  Frederick  Ge.4R, 
composer  and  pianist,  was  born  at  London, 
May  21,  1857.  He  studied  under  Dr.  Wylde, 
and  J.  F.  Barnett,  and  in  1872  gained  a 
scholarship  at  the  London  Academy  of  Music. 
He  gained  medals  for  harmony  and  pianoforte 
playing,  and  was  elected  an  associate  and 
professor  of  the  London  Academy  of  Music, 
and  an  associate  of  the  Philharmonifc  Society. 
Musical  director  of  the  German  Reed  Com- 
pany from  1876  to  1892,  and  is  a  member  of 
the  Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians,  and 
the  Musical  Artists'  Society.  He  has  given 
many  concerts,  and  has  frequently  appeared 
as  a  vocalist. 

Works. — String  quartet;  Two  pf.  sonatas; 
Scena,  for  soprano  voice  and  orchestra ; 
"  A  water  cure,"  and  "  Hobbies,"  2  operettas. 
Songs  :  Day  is  done;  My  Lady  sleeps;  Sweet 
visions ;  The  rose  is  dead  ;  When  night  is 
gathering  round  ;   White  rose,  etc. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


159 


GEARY. 

Geary,  E.  M.  Author  of  "  Musical  Edu- 
cation, with  practical  observations  on  the  art 
of  Piauoforte  playing,"  Loudon,  1841,  1848, 
and  other  editions. 

Geary,  Timothy,  composer,  born  at  Dub- 
lin, 1783  ;  died  in  1806.  Composed  glees, 
duets,  and  other  vocal  music.  Known  also 
as  Thomas  Augustine  Geary. 

Geaussent,  George  F.,  pianist  and  con- 
ductor, born  in  London,  in  1852.  Has  hold 
organ  appointments  at  Hampstead  Parish 
Church,  and  elsewhere.  As  a  pianist  he  gave 
recitals  at  various  times,  and  as  conductor  of 
a  choir  bearing  his  name,  he  gave  high-class 
concerts,  introducing,  for  the  first  time  in 
London,  important  works,  such  as  Dvorak's 
"  Patriotic  Hymn."  Principal  of  the  Hamp- 
stead Conservatoire  of  Music,  and  member  of 
the  Governing  Council  since  its  re-organisation 
in  1896.  Also  director  for  some  years  of  a 
Conservatoire  at  Croydon  ;  and,  1896,  Prin- 
cipal of  Belfast  Conservatoire  of  Music. 

Gee,  Samuel,  organist,  born  at  Congleton, 
Cheshire,  May  12, 1834.  Pupil  and  Associate, 
R.A.M.  Organist  successively  at  the  Parish 
Church,  Chertsey ;  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul, 
Wantage,  1 861 ;  Christ  Church,  Clapham, 
1864;  St.  IMark's,  Lewisham,  1870;  and  in 
his  later  years  at  Leek,  Staffordshire.  He 
read  papers  on  various  topics  at  meetings  of 
the  College  of  Organists,  and  was  well-known 
as  a  teacher.  He  died  suddenly  of  apoplexy, 
in  his  room  at  the  Hanley  Academy  of  Music, 
Staffordshire,  November  15,  1892. 

Geikie,  James  Stewart,  composer  and 
writer,  born  at  Edinburgh,  January  12,  1811. 
For  a  number  of  years  musical  representative 
of  the  Scotsman.  Conductor  of  the  Edinburgh 
Sacred  Harmonic  Association,  and  other 
societies  of  a  kindred  nature  at  Newington.  He 
was  conductor  of  psalmody  at  St.  Augustine 
Church,  Edinburgh,  from  1843  till  1880.  He 
died  at  Ormiston,  Haddington,  August  14, 
1883.  He  composed  a  number  of  secular 
vocal  pieces  :  "  How  beautiful  is  night,"  part- 
song;  "My  heather  hills,"  song,  etc.:  but 
his  psalms  and  other  sacred  music  will  enjoy 
a  more  lasting  popularity,  He  edited  an 
edition  of  R.  A.  Smith's  "  Sacred  Harmony," 
entitled,  "  Supplement  to  R.  A.  Smith's 
Sacred  Harmony,  adapted  to  the  Psalms  and 
Hymns  used  in  the  churches  and  chapels  of 
Scotland,"  n.d.  Also,  "Songs  of  the  Sanc- 
tuary, a  collection  of  psalms,  scripture  hymns, 
etc.,"  1863. 

His  sons.  Sir  Archibald  Geikie,  and  James 
Geikie,  are  the  well-known  scientists,  while 
his  brother  Walter  was  the  famous  artist 
and  etcher. 

Geoghegan,  Joseph,  vocalist  and  teacher, 
born  at  Ballinasloe,  Galway,  in  1830.  He 
lived  in  Edinburgh,  from  about  1846,  where 
he  worked  originally  as  a  bookbinder.     After- 


.GIBBONS. 

wards  he  became  choirmaster  of  Old  Grey- 
friars  Church,  1857-83,  and  teacher  iu  various 
schools  and  colleges  in  Edinburgh.  He  died 
at  Musselburgh,  on  January  27,  1892. 

George,  Miss,  see  Oldmixon,  Lady. 

German,  J.  Edward,  composer,  violinist 
and  conductor,  born  at  Whitchurch,  Shrop- 
shire, February  17, 1862.  Entered  the  R.A.M. 
in  1880  as  an  organ  student,  ■  ut  the  next 
year  took  the  violin  as  principal  study.  In 
1885,  he  wou  the  Charles  Lucas  medal  for 
composition,  his  work  being  a  setting  of  the 
Te  l^eumioY  chorus  and  organ.  While  at  the 
Royal  Academy  he  wrote  many  works  of 
importance,  some  of  which  have  bee  i  per- 
formed at  concerts  in  various  places.  He  left 
the  Academy  in  1887,  and  was  made  an 
Associate,  and  in  1895,  a  Fellow  of  that 
Institution.  In  1889,  he  was  appointed 
Musical  Director  at  the  Globe  Theatre,  Lon- 
don. He  has  conducted  concerts  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  1893,  and  performances  of  his 
own  music  at  the  Leeds  Festival,  1895,  and 
elsewhere. 

Works. —  Dramatic:  Operetta,  The  Rival 
Poets  (R.A  M.,  July,  1886),  St.  George's  Hall, 
December  21,  1886;  Incidental  Music  to 
Richard  III,  Globe  Theatre,  1889;  Henry 
VIII,  Lyceum,  1892;  The  Tempter  (H.  A. 
Jones),  Haymarket,  1893;  Romeo  and  Juliet, 
Lyceum,  1895 ;  and  As  you  like  it  (for  Mr. 
Alexander),  1896.  Orchestral:  Symphony  in 
E  minor  (R.A.M  ,  July,  1886),  Crystal  Palace, 
December  13,  1890  ;  in  A  minor,  Norwich 
Festival,  1893.  Gipsy  suite.  Crystal  Palace, 
1892;  Suite  in  D  minor,  Leeds  Festival,  1895; 
Suites  arranged  from  music  to  Henry  VIII., 
and  The  Tempter ;  Funeral  March  in  D  minor, 
Henschel  Concerts,  January  15,  1891.  Suites : 
Flute  and  pf.,  1892 ;  in  E  minor,  pf.  Pieces 
for  violin  and  pf.,  oboe  and  pf.,  clarinet  and 
pf.,  etc.  Serenade  for  tenor  voice,  with 
accompaniment  for  pf .  and  wind  instruments ; 
Songs,  etc. 

Ghilberti,  Gilberto,  see  Campbell, 
Gilbert  James. 

Gibb,  Alexander,  violinist,  composer, 
and  dancing-master,  who  lived  in  Haddington 
and  Edinburgh  in  the  last  thirty  years  of  the 
ISth  century.  He  had  a  dancing  school  in 
Edinburgh  from  1786  to  1809,  after  which  all 
trace  of  him  di.sappears.  He  issued  "  A  new 
collection  of  minuets,  medlies,  high  dances, 
marches,  strathspey  and  other  reels,  with 
entertaining  tunes,  etc.,  for  the  pianoforte, 
violin,  and  violoncello,"  Edinburgh,  1798. 

Gibbons,  Christopher,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  1015.  Baptised  August  22. 
Son  of  Orlando  Gibbons.  He  studied  under 
Edward  Gibbons  at  Exeter.  Organist  of 
Winchester  Cathedral,  1638-61.  Served  for  a 
time  in  Roj'alist  army.  Organist  of  Chapel 
Royal,  1660-76.     Private  organist  to  Charles 


160 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BiOGllAPHY. 


GIBBONS. 

II..  1660.  Organist  of  Westminster  Abbey, 
1660-65.  Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  July,  1664. 
Died  October  20,  1676.  A  few  works  by  tbis 
musician  exist  in  MS.,sucbas  his  "Act-song" 
(a  degree  exercise),  music  to  Shirley's  Cupid 
and  Death,  a  masque ;  Compositions  in 
Playford's  "Cantica  sacra,"  etc.,  but  it  is  as 
an  organist  that  ho  was  principally  known. 

Gibbons,  Rev.  Edward,  organist  and 
composer,  born  about  1570.  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1592,  incorporated  from  Cambridge. 
Organist  of  Bristol  Cathedral,  1592-1611. 
Organist  of  Exeter  Cathedral,  1611-41.  He 
died  about  1650.  Works  in  MS.,  anth-ms, 
etc. 

Gibbons,  Ellis,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Cambridge  about  end  of  the  16th 
century.  Brother  of  Edward.  Organist 
of  Salisbury  Cathedral.  He  died  about 
1650.  Composer  of  "Long  live  fair  Oriana," 
madrigal  for  5  voices ;  "  Kound  about  her 
chariot,"  for  6  voices;  both  contained  in  the 
"  Triumphs  of  Oriana." 

Gibbons,  Orlando,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Cambridge  in  1583.  Broiher 
of  Edward  and  Ellis  Gibbons.  Chorister  in 
King's  College,  Cambridge,  1596.  Organist  of 
the  Chapel  Royal,  March,  1604.  Mus.  Bac, 
Cantab.,  1606;  Bac.  and  Doc.  Mus.,  Oxon., 
1622.  Organist  of  Westminster  Abbey,  1623. 
He  died  at  Canterbury,  June  5,  1625.  Buried 
in  Canterbury  Cathedral. 

Works. — Morning  and  Evening  Service,  in 
P;  Te  Deum  and  Jubilate,  in  D  minor; 
Venite  exultemus,  in  P ;  Magnificat,  Nunc 
Dimittis,  in  D  minor  and  in  P  ;  Te  Deum 
and  Benedictus,  in  P.  A  collection  of  tlie 
sacred  compositions  of  Orlando  Gibbons  (of 
which  the  scores  are  not  contained  in  Boyce's 
collection)  from  ihe  original  ]\ISS.  and  part 
books,  together  with  a  transposed  organ-part 
to  some  of  his  published  works.  Edited  by 
the  Rev.  Sir  P.  A.  Gore  Ouseley,  1873  (con- 
tains two  services,  two  sets  of  preces,  seventeen 
anthems,  six  hymn-tunes).  Single  Antliems  : 
Hosauna ;  Lift  up  your  heads  ;  0  clap  your 
hands ;  Almighty  and  Everlasting  ;  God  is 
gone  up  (Boyce)  ;  0  Lord,  in  Thy  wrath  ;  0 
Lord,  in  Thee;  Why  art  thou  so  heavy? 
Blessed  be  the  Lord  ;  0  Lord  increase  my 
faitli ;  Deliver  us,  O  Lord  ;  Behold,  thou  hast 
made  ;  This  is  the  record  of  John  ;  Behold,  I 
bring  you;  I  iye  be  risen  again  (Ouseley); 
We  praise  Thee,  0  Pather ;  Lord,  grant  grace  ; 
Glorious  and  powerful  God  See,  see,  the 
Word  is  incarnate ;  Sing  unto  the  Lord ; 
Blessed  are  all  they ;  Great  Lord  of  Lords  ; 
O  Thou,  the  Central  Orb.  Hymns.  Pantasies 
of  III.  Parts  ..composed  for  viols;  liOndon, 
4to,  1610.  Reprinted,  edited  by  E.  P.  Rim- 
bault  (Music.  Antiq.  Soc),  London,  fo.,  1843. 
Lessons  in  "  Parthenia "  (with  Bull  and 
Byrd),  London,  1611.     Pirst  set  of  madrigals 


GIBSON. 

and  motets,  for  five  voices,  London,  4to,  1612. 
Reprinted,  edited  by  Sir  G.  Smart  (Music. 
Antiq.  Soc),  London,  fo.,  1841.  Pancies  and 
songs  made  at  King  James  ye  Pirst's  being  in 
Scotland,  London,  n.  d.  Tunes  for  "  Wither's 
Hymns  "  (Reprinted  by  the  Spenser  Society, 
1881).  Tunes  in  Leighton's  "  Teares,"  1614. 
Madrigal  titles — The  silver  swan  ;  I  weigh 
not  fortune's  frown  ;  I  tremble  not ;  I  feign 
not  friendship ;  Dainty  fine  bird  ;  Farewell 
all  joys  ;  Oli !  dear  heart ;  Ne'er  let  the  Sun  ; 
Trust  not  too  much ;  O  that  the  learned 
poets  ;  Nay,  let  me  weep ;  Yec  if  that  age ; 
I  see  ambition ;  Pair  ladies  that  to  love  j 
What  is  our  life?  etc,  Galiards,  fantasias, 
preludium,  pavans,  etc. 

Gibbs,  Joseph,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1699.  Por  forty  years  he  was  organist 
at  Ipswich.  He  died  December  12,  1788. 
Composer  of  "  Eight  Solos  for  a  violin  with  a 
thorough  bass  for  the  harpsichord  or  violin  " 
[1740] ,  etc.  Some  of  his  pieces  have  recently 
been  re-published,  and  a  sonata  and  other 
pieces  performed  by  Mr.  Otto  Peiniger,  1885-7. 

Gibson,  Alfred,  violinist,  born  at  Notting- 
ham, October  27,  1849.  After  some  early 
lessons  from  his  father,  a  good  violin  teacher, 
he  studied  for  two  years  with  Henry  Farmer, 
after  which  time  he  was  practically  self- 
taught.  He  played  with  success,  from  the  age 
of  eleven,  in  differents  parts  of  the  country, 
and  about  1868  went  to  London,  and  was 
engaged  as  first  violin  in  the  opera  at  Drury 
Lane.  In  1871  he  was  appointed  to  the  Royal 
Opera  orchestra  at  Coveut  Garden,  remaining 
there  twelve  years.  He  appeared  at  the 
]\Ionday  Popular  Concerts,  January  23,  1882, 
as  a  violinist  in  Svendsen's  Octet,  ultimately 
taking  the  position  of  principal  viola,  which 
he  still  retains.  He  succeeded  Ludwig  Straus 
as  leader  of  the  Queen's  Private  Band  ;  is 
professor  of  the  violin  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  of 
the  viola  at  the  G.S.M.  Among  the  fine 
instruments  he  possesses  is  a  Stradivari  viola 
formerly  belonging  to  Charles  Reado,  the 
novelist. 

Gibson,  Edmund,  bishop  and  writer,  born 
at  Brampton,  Westmoreland,  in  1669 ;  died 
at  Bath,  in  1748.  Wrote  a  number  of  an- 
tiquarian works,  and  a  "  Method  or  course  of 
singing  in  Church  ;  direction  to  the  Clergy 
of  the  Diocese  of  London,  1727 ;  etc." 

Gibson,  Francis,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  in  Edinburgh,  in  1861.  After  studying 
pianoforte  and  harmony  five  years  with  Mr. 
William  Townsend,  he  entered  Dr.  Hoch's 
Conservatorium,  Frankfort  -  on  -  the  -  Main, 
studying  composition  under  Joachim  Raff, 
and  the  pianoforte  with  Carl  Paelten.  Sett- 
ling in  Edinburgh  as  a  teacher,  he  succeeded 
Mr.  G.  L.  Deas  as  a  professor  of  the  pianoforte 
and  theory  at  the  Edinburgh  Ladies'  College, 
which,  with  other  appointments,  he  still  holds. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


161 


GIBSON. 

He  has  played  at  various  chamber  concerts  at 
Edinburgh,  where  some  of  his  compositions 
have  been  performed.  So  far  he  has  only 
published  an  Alljum  of  ten  songs ;  a  Serenade ; 
and  a  Ruvcrie  for  violin. 

Gibson,  Rev.  James,  D.D.,  clergyman 
and  writer,  was  a  professor  in  the  Free  Church 
College,  Glasgow.  Author  of  "  The  Public 
Worship  of  God :  its  authority  and  modes, 
Hymns  and  Hynin  Books,"  Glasgow,  1869. 

Gibson,  Louisa,  teacher  and  writer,  born 
in  London,  1883.  For  some  years  head  pro- 
fessor of  music,  Plymouth  High  School  for 
Girls.  Authoress  of  "  A  First  Book  on  the 
Theory  of  Music,  applied  to  the  Pianoforte," 
London,  Gth  edition,  1876  ;  Second  and  third 
books  of  same ;  key  to  exercises  in  third  book. 
Songs,  etc. 

Gibson,  Mrs.  Patrick,  bom  Isabella 
Maey  Scott,  vocalist  and  composer,  born  at 
Edinburgh,  in  1786.  She  was  a  daughter 
of  William  Scott,  teacher  of  elocution, 
Edinburgh,  and  married  Patrick  Gibson, 
R.S.A.,  in  1818.  She  at  one  time  kept  a 
Boarding  School  for  Young  Ladies,  in  Inver- 
leith  Row,  Edinburgh,  and  was  an  associate 
of  many  distinguished  men  of  her  time. 
Distantly  related  to  Sir  Walter  Scott.  She 
was  consulted  much  by  R.  A.  Smith  in  the 
composition  of  his  songs  and  duets,  and  some 
of  her  psalm  tunes  are  in  Dr.  Andrew  Thom- 
son's "  Sacred  Harmony,"  1820,  and  in  vol.  6 
of  Steven's  "Church  Music,"  edited  by  Turn- 
bull,  1833.  Her  fcong  "  Loch-na-gar  "  is 
contained  in  the  6th  vol.  of  R.  A.  Smith's 
"  Scotish  Minstrel."  Mrs.  Gibson  was  a 
skilful  harp  player.  She  died  at  Edinburgh, 
November  28,  1838. 

Qibsone,  Burford  George  Henry,  com- 
poser of  first  half  of  present  century.  He  is 
stated  to  have  died  about  1868.  Composer  of 
fantasias  for  the  pf.,  songs,  and  glees.  His 
"Table  Book  of  Glees"  [1840],  contains 
original  compositions. 

Gibsone,  Guillaume  Ignace,  composer 
and  pianist,  born  in  London,  of  Scottish 
parentage,  about  1826.  Studied  under  Mos- 
cheles.  Resident  in  Brussels,  1845,  where  he 
gave  concerts.  In  1846  he  was  made  an 
honorary  member  of  the  Society  de  Grand 
Harmonic,  Brussels.  Toured  in  Germany 
the  same  year.  Returned  to  London  in  1850, 
where  he  settled  as  teacher  and  composer. 
His  works  include  three  Cantatas :  The  Wood 
Nymphs,  The  Elfin  Knight,  and  The  Three 
Sisters ;  an  Opera  and  two  Symphonies  (in 
MS.) ;  Sonata  for  violin  and  pf . ;  A  large  num- 
ber of  pf .  pieces  ;  Meditations,  24  pieces ;  Polo- 
naise ;  ChansoQ  a  boire  ;  Chanson  d'amour  : 
Pour  sketches,  etc.  Songs  :  My  lady  sleeps  ; 
Her  voice  ;  Sweet  hour  of  eventide,  etc. 

Gicic,  Thomas,  alto  vocalist  and  composer, 
born  in  Liverpool,  February  22, 1837.  Musical 


GILBERT. 

training  private.  Appointed  lay-clerk,  York 
Minster,  1859 ;  and  in  1864,  vicar-choral, 
Christ  Church,  and  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral, 
Dublin  ;  he  is  also  a  member  of  the  choir  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin.  He  graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  1880;  Mus.  Doc,  1882,  Dublin  ;  and  is 
Examiner  in  Music  under  the  Intermediate 
Education  Board  for  Ireland.  His  compos- 
itions comprise  a  cantata.  The  Bard,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra,  Dublin,  1882  ;  a  morn- 
ing and  evening  service  in  B  fiat,  and  an 
evening  service  in  F.  He  has  also  published: 
0  Come,  let  us  worship  ;  Hear,  O  thou  Shep- 
herd ;  Blessed  is  He,  and  other  anthems,  etc. 

Gilbert,  Alfred,  pianist  and  composer, 
second  son  of  Francis  and  Jane  Gilbert,  was 
born  at  Salisbury,  October  21,  1828.  Com- 
menced his  musical  studies  at  the  age  of  six, 
then  became  a  pupil  of  Dr.  Charles  Corfe,  and 
later,  of  Alexander  Lucas,  whose  asssistant 
organist  he  was  at  St.  Thomas's  Church.  In 
1845  he  entered  the  R.A.M.,  and  soon  after 
was  made  assistant  organist  of  Hanover 
Chapel,  Regent  Street.  He  then  held  organ 
appointments  successively  at  St.  Matthew's, 
Spring  Gardens ;  Chepstow  ;  Mitcham  ;  Kent- 
ish Town  ;  and  St.  Mark's,  Hamilton  Terrace, 
but  devoted  himself  chiefly  to  pianoforte  j)lay- 
ing  and  composition.  In  1851  he  commenced 
a  series  of  classical  chamber  concerts  with  the 
sisters,  Charlotte  and  Susanna  Cole  (q-v.),  the 
former  of  whom  he  married  in  1853.  Concerts 
were  also  given  by  the  Arion  Choir,  the  Poly- 
hymniau  Choir,  and  other  societies  under  his 
direl^tion ;  and  he  has  lectured  on  music  at 
various  institutions.  A  concert  of  his  works 
was  given  in  Rome  in  1884,  when  he  received 
the  distinction  of  being  elected  Socio  onorario 
della  Reale  Accademia  S.  Cecilia.  He  is 
director  of  the  Musical  Artists'  Society  ;  Soc- 
iety for  the  Encouragement  of  the  Pine  Arts ; 
Member,  and  a  director  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society,  and  in  1896  elected  orchestral  man- 
ager in  succession  to  Mr.  W.  H.  Cummings  ; 
Member  of  the  Court  of  Assistants  of  the 
Royal  Society  of  Musicians ;  P.R.A.M.  Mr. 
Alfred  Gilbert,  R.A.,  the  distinguished  sculp- 
tor, is  his  son. 

Works. — Spectacular  Cantatas  :  Abdallah ; 
L'Amie  du  Drapeau.  Operettas  :  The  rival 
roses ;  Outwitted ;  Blonde  or  brunette.  Quin- 
tet in  E  flat,  for  pf.,  strings,  and  four  voices, 
performed  in  Rome,  January  24,  1884.  Trios 
in  C,  A,  and  B  flat,  pf.  and  strings ;  Sonata 
in  P,  pf.  and  violoncello.  Suite  for  strings. 
Pieces  for  pf.  and  violin.  A  complete  School 
for  the  pf.  Classical  Library,  edited.  Many 
smaller  works. 

Gilbert,  Davies,  writer  and  musician, 
compiled  "  Some  Ancient  Christmas  Carols, 
with  the  tunes  to  which  they  were  formerly 
sung  in  the  West  of  England."  London, 
1823;  2nd  ed. 


162 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


GILBERT. 

Gilbert,    (Ernest)  Thomas    Bennett, 

composer  and  vocal  teacher,  born  at  Salis- 
bury, October  22,  1833.  Brother  of  Alfred 
Gilbert.  He  studied  at  the  R.A.M.  from 
18-17,  and  at  Leipzig  under  Moscheles,  Haupt- 
mann,  Richter,  etc.,  in  1852.  Organist,  suc- 
cessively of  St.  George's,  Isle  of  Man,  1853 ; 
St.  Barnabas,  do.,  1854  ;  St.  Paul,  Newport, 
Mon.,  1856 ;  Parish  Church,  Abergavenny, 
1857 ;  St.  Peter's,  Walworth,  1861  ;  St. 
George's,  Southvvark,  1864 ;  and  St.  ilat- 
thew's,  Southwark,  1867.  He  was  afterwards 
a  vocal  trainer  in  London.  Died  at  Gipsy 
Hill,  London,  May  11,  1885. 

Works. — Operettas  :  Night  in  fairyland, 
1861;  Das  Helldichein,  Leipzig,  1851.  Ra- 
miro,  cantata,  1879.  Orchestral :  Concert 
overture,  1853 ;  Merry  wives  of  Windsor, 
overture,  1854  ;  String  quartets  in  E  flat  and 
C ;  Trio  for  pf.,  violin,  and  'cello,  in  P. 
Pianoforte :  Nocturnes,  scherzos,  ballads,  im- 
promptus, dances,  etc.  Numerous  part-songs 
and  songs.  Vocal  exercises,  for  daily  use,  in 
2  books ;  School  harmony,  London,  n.d., 
various  editions;  Practical  and  natural 
method  for  the  pianoforte,  2  books ;  and 
other  works. 

Gilbert,  Walter  Bond,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Exeter,  April  21,  1829. 
Studied  under  Alfred  Angel,  Dr.  Wesley,  and 
Sir  H.  Bishop.  He  was  organist  successivelv 
at  Topsham,  1847;  Bideford,  1849;  Tunbridge, 
1854;  Maidstone,  1859;  Lee,  Kent,  1866; 
Boston,  Lincolnshire,  1868;  and  in  1869 
accepted  a  similar  post  at  Trinity  Episcopal 
Chapel,  New  York,  which  he  still  holds.  He 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  in  1854 ;  and 
while  in  England,  in  1888,  took  the  degree  of 
Mus.  Doc,  Oxford,  his  Exercise  having  been 
approved  more  than  twenty-five  years  before. 
In  1886  he  was  made  a  Mus.  Doc.  of  Trinity 
College,  Toronto.  His  talent  as  a  composer 
was  shewn  at  an  early  age,  and  one  of  his 
most  widely  know^n  works  is  a  Cathedral 
Service  written  when  he  was  seventeen.  He 
is  the  composer  of  two  oratorios :  "  The  Res- 
toration of  Israel,"  and  "  St.  John  "  ;  the 
last  performed  at  Maidstone,  in  1864.  Also 
of  church  services,  many  antliems,  and  organ 
pieces,  etc.  Editor  of  Hvmnal  and  Canticles 
of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  New 
York  (with  Rev.  A.  B.  Goodrich,  D.D.),  1875 ; 
The  Psalter,  or  Psalms  of  David,  New  York, 
1882.  The  well-known  hymn  tune,  "  Maid- 
stone," was  first  published  in  the  "  Parish 
Tune  Book  "  of  Mv.  G.  F.  Chambers,  in  1862. 
Author  of  The  Antiqviities  of  Maidstone,  1865 ; 
Memorials  of  All  Saints'  Church,  Maidstone, 
1864  ;  and  other  historical  works. 

Gilbert,  William  Schwenck,  dramatist, 
and  opera  librettist,  born  in  London,  Novem- 
ber 18,  1836.  Educated  for  the  Bar,  and 
graduated  B.A.,  London.     Clerk  in  the  Privy 


GILMER. 

Council  Office,  1857-62.  Called  to  the  Bar  of 
the  Inner  Temple,  1864.  In  1891  his  name 
was  added  to  the  Commission  of  the  Peace  for 
the  County  of  ]Middlesex.  His  first  draanatic 
piece,  "  Dulcamara,"  was  produced,  St. 
James's  Theatre,  1866 ;  but  here  it  is  only 
necessarv  to  name  his  operas  and  operettas. 
These  are :  Princess  Toto  (Clay),  1875 ;  The 
Mountebanks  (Cellier),  1892 ;  Thespis,  1871 ; 
Trial  by  Jury,  1875;  The  Sorcerer,  1877; 
H.M.S.  Pinafore,  1878  ;  Pirates  of  Penzance, 
1880 :  Patience,  1881  ;  lolanthe,  1882 ;  Prin- 
cess Ida,  1884  ;  Mikado,  1885  ;  Ruddigore, 
1887 ;  The  Yeomen  of  the  Guard,  1888 ; 
Gondoliers,  1889 ;  Utopia,  1893 ;  and  The 
Grand  Duke,  1896,  all  set  by  Sullivan,  {q.v.) 

Gildon,  John,  composer  and  pianist,  who 
flourished  in  the  latter  part  of  last,  and  early 
part  of  the  present  century.  He  composed  a 
large  quantitv'of  pf.  music,  including  sonatas, 
as  well  as  songs  and  other  pieces. 

Giles,  Nathaniel,  composer  and  organist, 
born  near  Worcester,  about  1548-50.  Bac. 
Mus.,  Oxon.,  1585.  Doc.  Mus.,  Oxon.,  1622. 
Organist  of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  and 
master  of  choristers,  do.,  1595.  Master  of 
Children  of  Chapel  Roval,  1597,  and  organist, 
1625.  He  died  on  January  24,  1633.  Buried 
in  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor.  "  His 
services  and  anthems  announce  his  learning 
and  abilities,  and,  by  the  lovers  and  judges  of 
church  composition,  are  regarded  as  masterly 
productions." — Busby.  He  composed  a  com- 
plete service  in  C,  in  Barnard's  Collection,  and 
other  compositions  by  him  are  in  Leighton's 
"  Teares,"  and  various  MS.  collections. 

His  father,  Thomas  Giles,  or  Gyles,  was 
an  organist,  and  succeeded  John  Redford  as 
organist  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 

Gill,  William  Henry,  composer  and 
writer.  Author  of  "The  Musical  ladder;  or 
Tonic  sliding  scale,"  London  [1864] .  Com- 
poser of  "Easy  Anthems  for  village  choirs" 
[1888-91];  "Voluntaries  from  Handel,  Men- 
delssohn, etc."  Part-smigs :  Before  sweet 
nightingale  :  Three  merry  maids  ;  When  twi- 
light dews,  etc.     Songs. 

Gilmer,  Alfred  Walker,  cornet  player 
and  conductor,  was  born  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Margaret,  Westminster,  in  1888.  As  a  child 
he  pla5'ed  the  violin,  but  was  afterwards  sent 
to  Paris  to  study  the  cornet  under  Joseph 
Arban.  His  first  important  engagement  was 
as  first  violin  in  a  Manchester  theatre,  and 
about  1858  he  joined  the  orchestra  of  the 
Theatre  Royal,  Birmingham,  that  town  from 
henceforth  being  his  home.  His  ability  as  a 
cornet  player  secured  him  engagements  at 
the  best  orchestral  concerts  in  the  locality, 
and  for  some  years  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Festival  orchestra.  In  conjunction  with 
Henry  Synyer  {q.v.)  he  formed  a  military 
band,  which  acquired  a  high  reputation  in  the 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


163 


GILMORE. 

Midlands.  He  was  also  bandmaster  of  t\\e 
Worcestershire  Yeomanry  Regiment,  and  his 
annual  concerts  in  Worcester  were  great 
events.  Many  of  his  pupils  obtained  good 
positions  as  cornet  players.  He  died  at  Bir- 
mingham, May  16,  1892. 

Gilmore,  Patrick  Sarsfield,  bandmaster 
and  composer,  born  near  Dublin,  December 
25,  1829.  Joined  a  military  band  at  Athlone 
while  a  youth,  and  went  to  Boston,  U.S.A., 
when  nineteen,  as  a  cornet  player.  He  was 
for  several  years  salesman  in  a  mi  sic  store 
there.  In  1858  he  organised  a  band  bearing 
his  name,  which  gained  a  high  reputation, 
and  in  1863  he  was  appointed  director  of 
military  bands  in  Louisiana.  The  musical 
arrangements  in  the  Peace  Jubilee  at  Boston 
in  1869  were  under  his  direction.  He  toured 
in  Europe  with  his  band  in  1878.  It  is  stated 
that  his  was  the  first  military  band  to  per- 
form the  Tannhduser  overture.  He  wrote  a 
History  of  the  National  Peace  Jubilee  and 
great  Musical  Festival  in  Boston,  1869  ;  Dia- 
tonic and  Chromatic  Scales  for  the  Cornet ; 
much  Military  band  music  ;  and  composed 
some  songs  that  became  very  popular,  as — 
Good  news  from  home  ;  Building  castles  in 
the  air ;  Freedom  on  the  old  plantation,  etc. 
He  died  at  St.  Louis,  September  2'^,  1892. 

Qilmour,  Robert,  musician,  who  was  a 
teacher  in  Paisley  at  the  end  of  last  century. 
He  compiled  "The  Psalm-Singer's  Assistant, 
being  a  collection  of  the  most  approved  psalm 
and  hymn-tunes  .  . .  with  a  compendious  intro- 
duction, for  the  use  of  learners  .  .  ."  Paisley 
[1793] ;  second  edition,  Glasgow,  n.d. 

Gilson,  Cornforth,  teacher  and  writer. 
Was  originally  a  chorister  in  Durham  Cathe- 
dral, and  latterly  Master  of  Music  in  the 
Edinburgh  city  churches,  1756.  He  was 
made  Music-master  of  Heriot's  Hospital, 
Edinburgh,  in  1757-1764,  and  after  a  residence 
in  London  for  a  time,  was  re-appointed  in 
in  1771.  He  died  at  Edinburgh  after  1774. 
He  wrote  "  Lessons  on  the  practice  of  Sing- 
ing, with  an  addition  of  the  church  tunes,  in 
four  parts,  and  a  collection  of  hymns,  canons, 
airs,  and  catches,  for  the  improvement  of 
beginners,"  Edinburgh,  4to,  1759.  "Twelve 
songs  for  the  voice  and  harpsichord,"  Edin- 
burgh, 1769.  Gilson  did  much  to  improve 
psalmody  in  the  Edinburgh  churches. 

Qirvin,  John,  musician  and  writer,  who 
was  born  in  Edinburgh  in  the  first  half  of 
the  18th  century.  He  was  precentor  of  the 
Tron  Kirk,  Glasgow,  1761-62,  and  a  teacher 
in  Glasgow.  He  afterwards  went  to  Port- 
Glasgow  as  a  teacher  in  1762.  Published 
•'  A  New  Collection  of  Church  Tunes,"  Glas- 
gow, 1761.  Author  of  "  The  Vocal  IMusician, 
Part  I.,  wherein  the  grounds  of  music  are 
distinctly  handled,  the  intervals  explained, 
and  their  use  in  practice   fully   shown,  etc. 


GLEADHILL. 

Illustrated  with  plates.  For  the  use  of 
Schools"  (preface  dated  Port-Glasgow,  1763), 
Edinburgh,  1763. 

QIadstanes,  Frederick,  composer,  who 
flourished  during  the  first  half  of  the  present 
century.  He  composed  "  Six  Glees  for  3  and 
4  voices,"  1830,  and  other  glees  published 
separately.  His  other  works  consist  chiefly 
of  pf.  music  and  songs. 

J.  C.  Gladstanes,  probably  a  relative  of 
the  above,  composed  "  The  Indian,"  and  other 
glees,  songs,  etc. 

Gladstone,  Francis  Edward,  composer 
and  organist,  born  at  Summertown,  near 
Oxford,  March  2,  1845.  Articled  pupil  of  Dr. 
S.  S.  Wesley,  1859-64,  then  appointed  organist 
of  Holy  Trinity,  Weston-super-]\Iare.  In  1866 
he  was  chosen  organist  of  LlandafE  Cathedral, 
and  in  1870  appointed  to  Chichester  Cathedral. 
This  post  he  resigned  in  1873,  and  went  to 
reside  at  Brighton,  where  he  remained  until 
1876,  when  he  removed  to  London,  and 
became  organist  of  St.  Mark's,  Lewisham. 
He  accepted  the  post  of  organist  of  Norwich 
Cathedral,  December,  1877,  and  in  1881 
returned  to  London,  acting  as  organist  of 
Christ  Church,  Lancaster  Gate,  until  1886. 
The  next  year  he  was  received  into  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church,  and  was  director  of  the  choir 
at  St.  Mary  of  the  Angels,  Bayswater,  up  to 
1894.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1876  ;  Mus. 
Doc,  1879,  Cambridge.  He  is  an  Hon.  R.A.M., 
F.R.C.O.,  and  a  Member  of  the  Board  of 
Musical  Studies  at  Cambridge.  Professor  of 
counterpoint,  etc..  Trinity  College,  London, 
1881 ;  Professor  of  harmony  and  counterpoint, 
R.C.M.,  1883;  and  examiner  for  various 
institutions. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Nicodemus,  produced 
by  Highbury  Philharmonic  Society,  December 
13, 1880 ;  Phihppi,  Newcastle  Cathedral,  July 
26,  1883  ;  and  Constance  of  Calais,  Highbury, 
May  18, 1885.  Morning  and  Evening  Service 
in  F ;  Anthems.  Mass  in  E  minor,  written 
for  the  Brompton  Oratory ;  Mass  in  E  flat, 
four  voices  and  organ,  1888.  Church  music, 
various,  in  MS.  A  wet  sheet  and  a  flowing 
sea,  chorus  and  orchestra,  Highbury,  1880. 
Overture,  string  quartet,  Trio,  pf.  and  strings, 
1876,  all  in  MS.  Sonata  in  A  minor ;  Twelve 
original  pieces  ;  Ten  pieces  ;  Three  preludes, 
and  other  organ  music.  The  Organ  Students' 
Guide,  several  editions.  Editor  of  Select 
Anthems  from  the  works  of  Enghsh  composers. 

Glasgow,  James,  Irish  clergy-man  and 
writer.  Was  professor  of  divinity  in  the  Irish 
Presbyterian  Church.  Author  of  "  Heart 
and  voice :  instrumental  music  in  christian 
worship  not  divinely  authorised  ".  .n.d. 

Gleadhill,  Thomas  Swift,  composer  and 
teacher,  born  at  Edinburgh,  January  30, 
1827.  Son  of  Benjamin  Gleadhill,  a  musician, 
who  was  born   in  Derbyshire,  April,  1789; 


164 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


GLEDHILL 

and  died  at  Edinburgh,  October  6,  1859.  He 
resided  in  Glasgow  and  Edinburgh  as  a 
teacher,  compiler,  and  choirmaster,  from 
1857.  In  1889  he  was  appointed  organist  of 
the  Parish  Church  of  Peterhead,  and  on 
September  21,  1890,  he  drowned  himself  in 
the  sea.  He  wrote  or  compiled  the  following 
works : — Beauties  of  Scottish  song  (with 
Fulcher  and  Thomson),  Glasgow,  n.d.  Har- 
monium Album  (popular  airs  arranged).  Har- 
monium Repository  (do.).  Children's  songs 
(with  J.  Thomson).  Scottish  airs  arranged 
as  part-songs,  and  for  the  pf.  Lyric  Gems  of 
Scotland,  Glasgow,  n.d.  Songs  of  the  British 
Isles,  2  vols.  Original  songs,  among  which 
may  be  named,  "  Be  kind  to  auld  Grannie  "  ; 
"Thorn-tree";  "Farewell  to  the  land,"  etc. 

Gledhill,  John,  pianist  and  composer, 
was  one  of  the  early  students  at  the  R.A.M., 
a  fellow-pupil  being  Sterndale  Bennett.  He 
was  made  an  Associate,  and  afterwards 
studied  at  Leipzig.  For  some  years  he  was 
a  professor  at  the  R.A.M.  From  about  1876 
he  settled  in  Brighton  as  a  teacher.  He  died 
there  in  1891,  having  been  disabled  some 
three  years  previously  by  a  stroke  of  paralysis. 
He  composed  a  number  of  pf.  pieces,  and 
several  sets  of  songs,  etc. 

Glen,  Alexander,  bagpipe  maker,  was 
born  at  Inverkeithing,  Fife,  in  1801.  He  was 
established  in  business  in  Edinburgh,  and 
died  there  in  March,  1873.  He  issued  "The 
Caledonian  Repository  of  Music  for  the  Great 
Highland  bagpipe  .  .  ."  Edinburgh,  1870. 

His  son,  David  (born  at  Edinburgh  in 
1850),  who  succeeded  to  the  business,  issued 
a  "  Collection  of  Highland  bagpipe  music  .  .  ." 
Edinburgh,  1876-1880,  2  parts  ;  and  a  "  High- 
land Bagpipe  tutor,  with  a  selection  of  quick- 
steps, strathspeys,  reels,  etc.,"  Edinburgh, 
1866.  In  1896  this  firm  supplied  sets  of  bag- 
pipes for  use  in  the  French  army. 

Glen,  Annie,  soprano  vocalist  and  writer, 
of  present  time.  Gave  her  first  concert  at 
Steinway  Hall,  London,  January  25,  1883. 
Is  known  as  the  author  of  "  Music  in  its 
Social  Aspect,"  and  an  elaborate  treatise, 
"  How  to  Accompany,"  London,  Cocks  &  Co. 

Glen,  Thomas  Macbean,  musical  in- 
strument maker,  brother  of  Alexander,  was 
born  at  Inverkeithing,  Fife,  in  May,  1804. 
He  established  a  musical  instrument  business 
in  Edinburgh,  in  1827,  and  made  bagpipes, 
flutes,  and  other  instruments.  He  invented 
a  wooden  Ophicleide,  called  a  Serpentcleide  ; 
and  the  system  of  modern  music-holders  for 
military  band  instruments.  He  died  in  Edin- 
burgh, July  12,  1873.  Publisher  of  "  A  new 
and  complete  tutor  for  the  great  Highland 
bagpipe  .  .  .  Edinburgh,  n.d.,  2  vols. 

His  son,  John  (born  at  Edinburgh  in  1833), 
succeeded  to  the  business  in  company  with 
his  brother  Robert   in  1866.     He  compiled 


GLOVER. 

"  The  Glen  Collection  of  Scottish  Dance 
Music  .  .  .  arranged  ...  for  the  pianoforte. 
Containing  an  introduction  on  Scottish  dance 
music,  sketches  of  musicians,  and  music- 
sellers  .  .  .  and  a  chronological  list  of  works,  ' 
Edinburgh,  book  1,  1891 ;  book  2,  1895.  An 
accurate  and  valuable  work.  This  he  intends 
to  follow  up  with  a  work  on  "  Early  Scottish 
Melodies,"  designed  to  clear  up  the  miscon- 
ceptions regarding  their  origin  and  history 
which  have  arisen.  His  brother,  Robert 
(born  at  Edinburgh  in  1835),  is  an  artist  and 
skilful  mechanic,  who  has  acquired  a  col- 
lection of  musical  instruments  of  some  arch- 
aeological value.  The  firm  of  J.  &  R.  Glen 
has  issued  some  books  of  instructions  for 
playing  the  Bagpipe,  and  various  collections 
of  bagpipe  music,  among  which  may  be 
named  "  Collection  for  the  great  Highland 
bagpipe,  contaming  instructions  and  52 
marching,  dancing  and  slow  airs,  etc." 
Edinburgh,  n.d.,  3  parts. 

Glencorse,  Peter,  choir  conductor  and 
teacher,  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  April  17, 
1852.  He  studied  under  James  Sneddon, 
A.  C.  Mackenzie,  G.  C.  Martin,  etc.  He  .sang 
in  various  Edinburgh  choirs  as  a  bass,  and  in 
1883  succeeded  Joseph  Geoghegan  as  choir- 
master of  Old  Greyfriars  Church.  As  conduc- 
tor of  a  choral  society  in  Edinburgh,  ^Ir. 
Glencorse  has  produced  many  good  works 
with  much  acceptance. 

Glossop,  Mrs.,  boin  Fearos,  operatic 
vocalist,  who  sang  at  La  Scala,  Milan,  in 
1823-25,  and  appeared  at  the  King's  Theatre, 
London,  in  1831.  She  married  Joseph  Glos- 
sop, the  impresario,  and  was  the  grandmother 
of  the  late  Sir  Augustus  Harris  the  theatrical 
manager. 

Glover,  Charles  William,  composer  and 
violinist,  born,  London,  February,  1806.  He 
studied  under  T.  Cooke,  and  became  violinist 
at  Drury  Lane  and  Covent  Garden  Theatres. 
He  afterwards  acted  as  musical  director  of 
the  Queen's  Theatre  from  1832.  Died,  Lon- 
don, March  23,  1863.  He  published  a  very 
large  number  of  songs  and  pf .  pieces,  very  few 
of  which  now  survive. 

Glover,  J.  H.  L.,  composer  and  writer, 
author  of  a  "  Concise  Organ  Tutor,"  London 
(Goddard),  n.d.     Te  Deuni,  songs,  pf.  music. 

Glover,  John  William,  composer,  organ- 
ist, and  teacher,  born  at  Dublin,  June  19, 
1815.  He  studied  in  Dublin,  and  became  a 
violinist  in  the  Dublin  orchestra  in  1830. 
In  succession  to  Haydn  Corri  he  became 
director  of  the  cathedral  choir,  and  in  1848 
was  appointed  professor  of  vocal  music  in  the 
Normal  Training  School  of  the  Irish  National 
Education  Board.  In  1851  he  established 
the  Choral  Institute  of  Dublin,  and  was  con- 
nected with  the  organisation  of  the  musical 
commemorations  of  O'Connell,   Moore,   and 


BFJTISH   MUSICAL   RIOGEAPHY. 


165 


GLOVER. 

Grattan.  He  has  lectured  on  Irish  music  in 
Dublin  and  London,  and  has  been  active  in 
promoting  the  cultivation  of  choral  music  in 
Ireland. 

Works. — Operas:  Deserted  Village  (Gold- 
smith, dramatized  by  Edmund  Falconer) 
London,  1880  ;  Two  Italian  Operas  by  Metas- 
tasio  (MS.).  Cantatas,  etc.:  St.  Patrick  at 
Tara  (O'Connell  centenary),  1870 ;  Erin's 
Matin  Song,  Patria,  1873 ;  "  One  hundred 
years  ago,"  Ode  to  Thomas  Moore,  1879. 
Masses,  hymns,  songs,  etc.  Concerto  for 
violin  atid  orchestra  in  A ;  Fantasias  ;  Con- 
certos and  other  music  for  organ  ;  Pf.  music, 
etc.  He  also  edited  Moore's  Irish  IMelodies, 
1859,  and  a  large  number  of  musical  works  for 
school  use. 

His  daughter,  Erminia  (Mrs.  Mackey),  was 
a  harpist.     She  died  at  Dublin,  in  June,  1883. 

Q  lover,  Sarah  Ann,  musician  and 
teacher,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Glover, 
of  Norwich,  was  born  at  Norwich,  1785. 
Died  at  Malvern,  October  20,  1867.  She 
invented  the  Tonic  Sjl-fa  system  of  musical 
notation,  which  the  Rev.  John  Curwen  after- 
wards modified  and  changed  till  its  present 
form  was  reached.  To  Miss  Glover  much 
credit  is  necessarily  due  for  the  commence- 
ment of  the  system  now  so  universally  used 
in  Britain.  She  published  "  A  manual  of  the 
Norwich  Sol-fa  System  .  .  .  .  "  [1845]  ; 
"Manual  containing  a  Development  of  the 
Tetrachordal  system,"  London  [1850]. 

Q lover,  Stephen,  composer,  brother  of 
C.  W.  Glover,  was  born  at  London,  in  1812. 
He  was  a  teacher  and  composer  in  London, 
and  died  there  on  December  7,  1870. 

Works. — Songs  :  Annie  on  the  banks  o'Dee ; 
Mary  Astore  ;  Oh !  give  me  back  my  child- 
hood'sdreams;  The  maiden's  dream;  Dreams 
of  childhood  ;  I  dream  of  thee  ;  The  minstrel 
knight ;  The  river  of  song ;  Woman's  wiles  ; 
Yes  or  no  ;  Abide  with  me  ;  Autumn  eve  ; 
Bonnie  Teviotdale  ;  Beware  ;  Break,  break, 
break ;  Down  the  green  lane  ;  Ellen  Vane  ; 
Fair  rose  of  Killarney  ;  Flower  of  the  south  ; 
Fond  memory ;  Good  words ;  I  love  him, 
yes ;  Ildegonda  ;  King  of  tlie  ocean  wave  ; 
Lays  of  the  liondon  season  ;  Merry  mountain 
maid  ;  May  Queen  ;  Oh  far  the  blooni  o'  my 
ain  native  heather  ;  Oh  ye  mountain  streams ; 
Pearl  of  the  east ;  Songs  of  other  years ;  There 
once  was  a  knight ;  Underneath  your  window ; 
Winter  night;  Would  you  remember  me. 
Duets  :  Tlie  cuckoo  ;  The  dove  ;  The  fairies' 
serenade  ;  The  gleaners  ;  Our  bark  is  on  the 
Rhine;  Return  of  the  s.vallows;  Savoyard 
maids ;  The  skylark  ;  Hymn  to  the  night ; 
Stars  of  the  summer  niglit ;  The  curfew  bell  ; 
The  gipsy  countess;  To  the  woods!  to  the 
woods ;  Voices  of  the  night ;  What  are  the 
wild  waves  saying  ?  Four-part  songs,  trios, 
etc.     Pianoforte  music,  transcriptions,  etc. 


GODDARD. 

Glover,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  London,  in  1822.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
1829-38,  and  studied  under  Walmisley.  Or- 
ganist successively  of  Christ  Church,  Cam- 
bridge, 1841-42  ;  St.  Matthew's,  Manchester, 
1842  ;  St.  Luke's,  Cheetham,  1846. 

He  has  composed  two  oratorios  "  Jerusa- 
lem," 1848,  and  "Emmanuel,"  1851,  both 
produced  at  Manchester ;  The  "  Corsair," 
cantata,  1849  (printed  1856) ;  Chamber  music, 
pf.  music,  songs,  etc. 

Glover,  William  Howard,  composer  and 
violinist,  born  at  Kilburn,  London,  June  6, 
1819.  Son  of  Mrs.  Glover,  the  actress.  He 
studied  music  under  WagstafE,  and  for  a  time 
travelle  i  in  Europe.  Member  of  the  staff 
of  the  Morning  Post.  Resided  in  U.S.A. 
from  1868,  and  died  at  New  York,  October 
28,  1875. 

Works. — Operas  and  operettas  :  Ruy  Bias, 
Covent  Garden,  London,  October,  1861 ; 
Aminta,  Haymarket,  London ;  Once  too  often ; 
The  Coquette  ;  Palomita,  or  the  Veiled  Song- 
stress. Tarn  o'  Shanter,  cantata,  London, 
July,  1855  ;  Overture  for  orchestra,  Manfred  ; 
Twelve  Romances  for  pf.,  in  2  books  ;  Vocal 
quartets,  duets,  etc.  Miscellaneous  pf .  niusic  ; 
Songs  for  voice  and  pf. 

Goddard,  Arabella  (D.4visox),  pianist, 
born  at  St.  Servan,  near  St.  Malo,  Brittany, 
January  12,  1836.  Daughter  of  Thomas  God- 
dard (died  at  Boulogne,  July  19,  1890),  of  a 
Salisbury  family.  When  a  little  child  of  four 
she  played  in  public  in  her  laative  village,  and 
two  years  later  received  instruction  from 
Kalkbrenner,  in  Paris.  At  the  age  of  eight 
she  played  before  the  Queen  and  Prince 
Consort  at  Buckingham  Palace,  and  at  the 
same  age  (1844),  published  six  Waltzes  for 
pianoforte  (D'Almaine).  Her  instructors  at 
this  time  were  Mrs.  Anderson,  and  Thalberg. 
She  made  her  debut  at  the  Grand  National 
Concerts  at  Her  Majesty's  Theatre,  October 
30, 1850.  For  the  next  three  years  she  studied 
with  J.  W.  Davison  {q.v.),to  whom  she  was  mar- 
ried in  1860.  She  also  studied  harmony  under 
G.  A.  ]\Iacfarren .  Her  reappearance  took  place 
at  Willis's  Rooms,  April  14, 1853,  at  a  concert 
of  the  Quartet  Association,  when  she  played 
Beethoven's  Sonata  in  B  flat,  Op.  106.  On 
^lay  11,  she  played  at  the  New  Philharmonic 
Concerts,  Bennett's  Concerto  in  C  minor ; 
and  the  same  work  at  the  Philharmonic, 
where  she  played  for  the  first  time,  June  9, 
1856.  In  1854-5  she  toured  in  Germany,  and 
played  at  the  Gewandhaus  Concerts,  Leipzig, 
January  11,  1855,  Mendelssohn's  D  minor 
Concerto.  Returning  to  England  she  was 
recognised  as  one  of  the  greatest  pianists  of 
the  time.  She  appeared  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
March  15,  1858 ;  Leeds  Festival,  1858  ;  Bir- 
mingham,  1861-70;    Gloucester,   1865;    and 


166 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


GODDARD. 

at  all  the  leading  concerts  throughout  the 
country.  She  first  appeared  at  the  Popular 
Concerts,  March  9,  1859,  at  an  extra  ]\Iozart 
Niglit,  on  a  Wednesday ;  and  was  for  many 
years  associated  with  that  undertaking  In 
1873  she  left  for  a  tour  in  Australia,  America, 
and  ail  round  the  world,  returning  in  1876. 
About  1880  she  gave  up  public  work,  and 
devoted  herself  to  teaching  ;  but  reappeared 
at  Sims  Reeves's  Concert,  ]\larch  21,  1882. 
Later,  her  health  failing,  she  retired  to  Tun- 
bridge  Wells,  where  she  still  resides.  She 
published  a  ballad,  aud  some  pf.  pieces, 
1852-3.  A  concert  was  given  for  her  benefit 
in  St.  James's  Hall,  March  9,  1890. 

Qoddard,  Joseph,  writer  and  composer, 
born  in  1838.  Author  of  "  Moral  Theory  of 
Music,"  1857 ;  "  Philoiophy  of  Music :  a 
series  of  essays,"  London,  18G2 ;  "Musical 
Development,  or  remarks  on  the  spirit  of  the 
principal  Musical  Forms,"  London,  n.d.  ; 
"  New  Graduated  Method  for  the  Pianoforte," 
n.d. ;  "  Time  Exercises  for  the  use  of  Piano- 
forte Students,"  n.d.  ;  "  A  study  of  Gounod's 
sacred  Trilogy,  'The  Redemption,'"  London 
[1883] .  Contributions  lo  MtmicaL  Times,  1885, 
etc.     Songs,  pf.  music,  etc. 

Godding,  James  Henry,  organist  and 
composer,  born  about  1S20.  He  was  organist 
for  nineteen  years  of  the  Parish  Church  of 
Newbury,  where  he  died,  April  20,  1884. 
Compiler  of  "  Parochial  Psalmodist,  being  a 
collection  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  London, 
n.d.,  w^ith  appendix. 

Godfrey,  Charles,  bandmaster  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Kingston.  Surrey,  November  22, 
1790.  At  an  early  age  became  a  drummer  in 
the  First  Royal  Surrey  IMilitia;  posted  to  the 
band  of  the  Coldstream  Guards,  corporal, 
April  10,  1820 ;  Sergeant,  IMay  3,  following ; 
and  IMaster  of  the  band,  February  5,  1825. 
Discharged  from  military  engagement,  July  8, 
1834,  but  continued  as  civilian  bandmaster 
until  his  death,  December  12,  1863.  Was 
present  with  the  band  in  Paris,  1815.  Mu- 
sician in  ordinary  to  the  King,  1831.  He 
arranged  a  good  deal  of  music  for  military 
bands.  Three  of  his  sons  became  distinguished 
bandmasters : — 

Godfrey,  Daniel,  the  eldest  son,  born  at 
Westminster,  September  4, 1831,  was  educated 
at  the  R.A.M.,  of  which  institution  he  is  a 
Fellow,  and  also  professor  of  military  music. 
Appointed  bandmaster  of  the  Grenadier 
Guards,  August  29, 1856.  Gazetted  Honorary 
Second  Lieutenant  in  the  army,  June  21, 1887, 
the  first  English  bandmaster  to  hold  Her 
Majesty's  Commission ;  Travelled  with  his 
band  in  the  United  States  of  America,  1872. 
Has  arranged  much  music  for  military  bands, 
and  is  the  composer  of  the  "  Mabel,"  "  Hilda," 
and  other  waltzes,  etc.  In  1896  he  retired 
from  the  army,  and  formed  a  band  of  his  o%vn. 


GOMEZ. 

Received  a  testimonial  from  the  officers  of  the 
Guards,  March  8,  1897.  His  son,  Daxied 
Eyers  Godfrey,  L.R.A.M.,  was  appointed 
conductor  of  the  London  military  band,  1890. 
He  toured  in  South  Africa,  1891-2,  and  since 
his  return  has  established  his  reputation  as  a 
bandmaster  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  Bourne- 
mouth, etc.  He  has  published  some  pieces 
for  pf . 

Godfrey,  Adolphus  Frederick,  second 
son  of  Charles  Godfrey,  was  born  in  1837. 
He  was  educated  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  made  a 
Fellow.  Entered  the  Coldstream  Regiment, 
September  2,  1856 ;  served  with  his  father  as 
sergeant  of  the  band,  and  succeeded  him  as 
bandmaster,  December  14,  1863.  Was  com- 
pelled to  resign  owing  to  ill-health,  1880,  and 
died,  August  28,  1882.  He  wrote  a  number 
of  dance  pieces,  and  other  music  of  a  popular 
character. 

Godfrey,  Charles,  third  son  of  Charles 
Godfrey,  was  born  January  17, 1839.  Student 
and  Fellow,  R.A.M.  Bandmaster  of  the  Scots 
Fusilier  Guards,  1859-68,  and  of  the  Royal 
Horse  Guards  from  1868  to  the  present  time. 
He  is  professor  of  military  music  at  the  R.C.M., 
and  at  the  Guildhall  School.  His  composi- 
tions and  arrangements  are  very  numerous, 
including  the  popular  Princess  Beatrice, 
Princess  Louise,  Blush  Rose  waltzes,  etc.,  and 
he  is  editor  of  The  Orpheus,  a  military  music 
periodical.  He  has  three  sons  who  are 
musicians:  Arthur  E.  Godfrey',  student  and 
associate,  R.A.M. ,  who  was  appointed  musical 
director  at  the  Shaftesbury  Theatre,  London, 
1890,  and  is  the  composer  of  a  string  quartet, 
songs,  etc.  Charles  George,  also  a  student, 
R.A.M.,  and  composer  of  some  orchestral 
pieces  and  songs;  and  Herbert  A.  Godfrey", 
who  was  appointed  bandmaster  at  Christ's 
Hospital. 

Goldwin,  John,  or  Golding,  organist 
and  composer,  born  in  1670.  He  studied 
under  Dr.  W.  Child.  Organist  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor,  1697.  Master  of  the  Choris- 
ters, do.,  1703.  He  died  at  Windsor,  Novem- 
ber 7,  1719.  He  composed  a  service  in  F  ; 
Anthems :  Behold  my  servant ;  I  will  sing 
unto  the  Lord ;  0  Love  the  Lord ;  0  praise 
God  in  His  Holiness,  etc. 

Gomez,  Alice,  vocalist  (mezzo-soprano), 
was  born  at  Calcutta,  her  father  being  of 
Spanish  and  her  mother  of  Portuguese  des- 
cent. She  studied  under  Mr.  T.  Henry  Webb, 
organist  of  the  Protestant  Cathedral,  Calcutta, 
also  learning  the  organ  sufficiently  well  to  be 
able  to  play  a  service.  At  first  her  voice  was 
a  high  soprano,  and  she  studied  such  roles  as 
Leonora  in  "Trovatore."  Ultimately,  her 
voice  settled  into  a  mezzo-soprano  of  great 
compass,  and  remarkable  evenness  and  purity 
of  tone.  She  left  Calcutta  in  1885,  and  made 
her  first  appearance  in  England  at  a  concert 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


167 


GOODBAN. 

given  by  Mr.  Webb,  at  the  Kensington  Town 
Hall,  July  14,  1885.  Her  debut  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  took  place  April  9,  1887,  and  she  now 
holds  a  high  position  as  a  coucert-singer, 
having  appeared  at  the  principal  concerts  in 
London  and  the  provinces.  In  1891,  she  was 
married  to  Mr.  Webb,  now  resident  at  Tor- 
quay. 

Qoodban,  Thomas,  composer  and  writer, 
was  born  at  Canterbury,  December,  1784. 
Chorister  Canterbury  Cathedral.  He  studied 
music  under  S.  Porter,  and  was  afterwards 
articled  to  a  solicitor.  Resigned  the  Law  in 
1798.  Lay-clerk  Canterbury  Cathedral,  1809. 
Leader  of  the  Catch  Club,  Canterbury,  1810. 
He  died  at  Canterbury,  May  4,  1863. 

Works. — Glees,  songs,  pf.  music.  New 
and  complete  guide  to  the  art  of  playing  the 
violin,  London,  1810.  Guide  to  the  piano, 
1811.  Rudiments  of  music,  London,  1825  ; 
new  edition,  1836.  New  and  complete  intro- 
duction to  singing,  Loudon,  1829. 

His  son  Charles  (1812-1881)  was  a  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxon.,  1847,  and  composed  some  miscel- 
laneous pieces,  the  "Vocal  Album"  (1850),  etc. 
Henry  William,  A.R.A.M.,  another  son, 
born  1816,  is  a  violoncello  player  and  com- 
poser, having  wntten  "  Bay  ham  Abbey;" 
overture,  Crystal  Palace,  1885  ;  pf.  music  and 
soDgs.  Thomas  Goodban,  a  third  son,  born 
1822,  is  a  violinist,  and  James  Frederick 
GoouBAN,  A.R.A.JM  ,  a  nephew,  is  an  organist 
and  composer. 

Qoodgroome,  John,  composer,  born  in 
1630.  He  was  a  chorister  of  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor,  and  became  a  gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Royal  in  1660.  Musician  in 
ordinary  to  the  King,  1664  He  died  in  June, 
1704.  Composer  of  concerted  sacred  and 
secular  vocal  music,  songs,  etc. 

Goodhart,  Arthur  Murray,  assistant 
classical  master  at  I'^tou  College,  has  com- 
posed a  ballad  for  chorus  and  orchestra, 
"Earl  Haldan's  Daughter,"  produced,  Lon- 
don, January  21,  1891  ;  A  "  Dorian  song  " 
(founded  on  W.  Jackson's  Canzonets,  by  F. 
Corder),  for  soprano  solo,  chorus,  and  orches- 
tra ;  "Arcchusa";  School  songs,  etc.  He 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1892,  Cambridge;  B  A., 
1888;  M.A.,  1894. 

Qoodson,  Richard,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, born  about  tht;  middle  of  the  17th 
century.  Organist  Christ  Cliurch  and  New 
College,  Oxford.  Mus.  Bac,  O.von.,  1682,  and 
Professor  of  ^lusic  at  Oxford  v  niversity,  in 
succession  to  Edward  Lowe,  July,  1682.  He 
died,  January  18,  1718.  Composer  of  a  few 
odes,  songs,  etc.,  mostly  in  MS. 

His  son,  Richard,  born  in  latter  part  of 
17th  century,  wa-  organist  of  Newbury  till 
1709.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1716.  He  succeeded 
his  father  as  organist  of  Christ  Church  and 
New  College,  Oxford,  and  in  the  Professorship 


GOBS. 

of  Music,  1718.  He  died  June  9,  1741.  His 
compositions,  in  MS.,  are  preserved  in  the 
library  of  Clirist  Chuich,  and  in  the  Music 
School  at  Oxford. 

Goodwin,  Amina  Beatrice,  pianist, 
born  at  Alanchester,  daughter  of  John  Law- 
rence Goodwin,  violinist  and  conductor  (died, 
May,  1883).  Received  her  first  lessons  from 
her  father,  and  appeared  in  public  at  the  age 
of  six.  Studied  at  Leipzig  Conservatorium 
under  Reinecke  and  Jadassohn;  and  later, 
under  Delaborde,  at  Paris.  Gave  concerts  in 
Manchester  in  1882 ;  played  at  Covent  Garden 
Promenade  Concerts,  November,  1883 ;  and 
appeared  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  April  12, 1884, 
playing  Mendelssohn's  Concerto  in  D  minor. 
Previous  to  this  she  had  enjoyed  the  advantage 
of  studying  under  Liszt,  at  Weimar.  Later, 
she  studied  with  Madame  Schumann,  making 
her  rentree  in  London  in  1892,  and  now  rank- 
ing among  the  leading  pianists  of  the  day. 
In  1895  she  founded  a  Pianoforte  College  for 
ladies.  She  is  married  to  ]\Ir.  W.  Ingram- 
Adams,  an  American,  v/hose  new  national 
anthem  she  has  set  to  music.  She  has  coin- 
posed  some  pieces  for  pf.,  and  is  author  of 
Practical  Hints  on  the  Technique  and  Touch 
of  Pianoforte  Playing,  Augener,  1892. 

Goold,  Rev.  Ebenezer,  writer  on  music. 
Studied  privately.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1883;  M.A.,  1883,  Dublin;  Mus.  Bac,  1884, 
London.  Has  composed  a  setting  of  Psahn  46, 
for  solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra.  Author  of 
Story  of  the  Messiah  ;  Descriptive  programme 
of  the  great  musical  wurks. 

Gordon,  George,  Roman  Catholic  min- 
ister and  musician,  was  born  at  Fochabers, 
Elgin,  jNIarch  27,  1776.  He  was  a  violinist 
and  composer,  and  issued  two  collections  of 
sacred  music  for  the  use  of  choirs.  He  studied 
at  Valladolid  for  the  Roman  Catholic  priest- 
hood.    He  died  at  Dufftown,  May  10,  1856. 

Gordon,  John,  musician,  born  at  London, 
March  26,  1702.  Educated  at  Westminster 
Schcol  and  Trinity  College,  Cambridge.  He 
studied  for  the  Law  in  1718-22,  and  became 
Professor  of  Music  at  Gresham  College,  Jan- 
uary 10,  1723.  Called  to  Bar,  1725.  He  died 
at  London,  December  12,  1739. 

Gordon,  William,  musician  and  flute- 
player,  was  born  at  the  end  of  the  18th  century. 
He  studied  under  Drouijt,  and  became  a 
Captain  of  the  Swiss  Guards  in  Paris.  Com- 
menced improving  flute  mechanism,  1830. 
He  died  insane,  in  consequence  of  unsuccessful 
experiments,  about  1839.  His  system  of 
fingering  was  perfected  by  Boehm,  but  author- 
ities differ  both  as  regards  the  original  inven- 
tion and  subsequent  improvements. 

Goss,  John  Jeremiah,  vocalist,  born  at 
Salisbury  in  1770.  He  was  chorister  in  Salis- 
bury Cathedral,  and  lay-vicar,  do.  Gentle- 
man of  Chapel   Royal,   1808.     Vicar-choral, 


168 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


GOSS. 

St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  Lay-vicar  of  West- 
minster Abbey.  Principal  alto  at  meetings 
of  the  Three  Choirs.  He  died  in  London, 
April  25,  1817. 

Goss,  Sir  John,  Kt.,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, born  at  Fareham,  Hants.,  December 
27,  1800.  Son  of  Joseph  Goss,  organist,  of 
that  place.  Chorister  in  Chapel  Royal,  under 
J.  S.  Smith,  1811.  He  studied  under  Attwood, 
and  became  organist  of  Stockwell  Chapel, 
1821 ;  organist  of  St.  Luke's.  Chelsea,  1824-38  ; 
organist,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1838-72.  Com- 
poser to  Chapel  Royal,  1856-72.  Knighted, 
1872.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1876.  He  died 
at  Brixton,  London,  May  10,  1880. 

Works. — Church  Service,  in  A ;  Burial 
Service,  in  E  minor ;  Te  Deum  for  H.M. 
Thanksgiving  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  for  the 
restoration  to  health  of  H.R.H.  the  Prince  of 
Wales.  Benedictus.  Te  Deums  in  C,  D, 
and  F ;  Cantate  Domino  and  Deus  misereatur, 
in  C  ;  Magnificat  and  Nunc  Dimittis,  in  E. 
Anthems  :  Almighty  and  merciful  God  ;  And 
the  king  said  to  all  tlie  people  (dirge) ;  Behold 
I  bring  you  good  tidings  ;  Blessed  is  the  man  ; 
Brother,  thou  art  gone  before  us  ;  Christ,  our 
Passover ;  Come,  and  let  us  return  unto  the 
Lord ;  Fear  not,  O  land ;  Have  mercy  upon 
me  ;  Hear,  O  Lord  ;  I  heard  a  voice  from 
heaven  ;  I  will  magnify  Thee,  O  God  ;  If  we 
believe  that  Jesus  died ;  In  Christ  dwelleth  ; 
Lift  up  thine  eyes  round  about ;  0  give  thanks  ; 
O  Lord  God,  Thou  strength  of  my  health  ; 
O  praise  the  Lord ;  O  praise  the  Lord  of 
heaven  ;  0  Saviour  of  the  world  ;  0  taste  and 
see ;  Praise  the  Lord,  O  my  soul ;  Stand  up 
and  bless  the  Lord  your  God ;  The  glory  of 
the  Lord ;  The  Lord  is  my  strength ;  These 
are  they  which  follow  the  Lamb  ;  The  wilder- 
ness. Seven  glees,  and  a  madrigal,  London, 
1852 ;  six  glees,  and  a  madrigal,  1826.  Par- 
ochial" Psalmody,  a  collection  of  ancient  and 
modern  tunes,  London,  4  vols.,  1S27.  Collec- 
tion of  Voluntaries  by  eminent  composers, 
organ.  The  Organist's  Companion,  4  vols. 
Collection  of  Voluntaries,  various  composers. 
The  sacred  minstrel .  .  1833,  3  vols.  Church 
Psalter  and  Hymn  Book,  for  the  use  of  con- 
gregations and  families,  by  Rev.  Wm.  Mercer, 
M.A.,  Incumbent  of  St.  George's,  Sheffield, 
London,  1862.  An  introduction  to  Harmony 
and  Thorough-bass,  London,  1833.  IMano- 
forte  Students'  Catechism  of  the  Rudiments 
of  Music,  London,  1835.  Collection  of  chants, 
ancient  and  modern,  in  score  . .  .  1841.  Over- 
tures for  orchestra,  in  F,  Philharmonic  Soc- 
iety, 1825;  also  one  in  E  flat,  and  miscel- 
laneous orchestral  music.     Songs,  etc. 

Qoss,  Joseph,  organist,  youngest  brother 
of  Sir  John  Goss.  Born  at  Poole,  Dorset, 
1809.  In  1822,  went  to  his  brother  in  Lon- 
don. Succeeded  Henry  Smart,  at  St.  Philip's, 
Regent  Street,  and  was  well-known  in  London 


GOW. 

and  Brighton  (where  he  resided)  as  a  piano- 
forte teacher.  In  1876,  he  retired  from  the 
profession,  and  went  to  reside  at  Surbiton, 
where  he  died  February  13,  1892. 

Gostick,  Joseph,  author  of  "  A  Manuel 
of  Music,"  Edinburgh.  1851. 

Gostling,  Rev.  John,  bass  vocaHst,  bom 
in  [1652],  died  in  1733.  Was  the  possessor 
of  a  most  powerful  voice  of  great  compass, 
for  which  ii  is  said  Purcell  composed  some 
sacred  and  other  music. 

Gould,  Rev.  Sabine  Baring=,  theological 
writer,  novelist,  and  song  collector,  born  at 
Exeter,  January  28.  1834.  Educated  at  Clare 
College,  Cambridge  ;  M.A.,  1856  ;  Ordained 
1864;  Incumbent  of  Dalton,  Thirsk,  1869; 
Rector  of  East  Mersea,  Colchester,  1871-1881. 
On  the  death  of  his  father  in  1872,  he  suc- 
ceeded to  the  family  property,  and  in  1881, 
to  the  rectory  of  Lew-Trenchard,  Devon,  of 
which  county  he  is  justice  of  the  peace. 
Author  of  "  Lives  of  the  Saints,"  15  vols., 
and  other  theological  works ;  "  Mehalah," 
"  John  Herring,"  and  many  other  novels. 
In  conjunction  with  the  Rev.  H.  Fleetwood 
Sheppard,  he  has  collected  and  arranged 
"  Songs  of  the  West,"  "  A  Garland  of  Country 
Song,"  both  published  by  Methuen,  London; 
and  edited  "English  Minstrelsie,"  8  vols., 
Edinburgh,  Jack,  1895  ;  and  a  "  Book  of 
Nursery  Songs  and  Rhymes,"  Methuen,  1895. 
He  has  composed  various  hymns,  "  Eudoxia," 
and  other  pieces. 

Gow,  Niel,  violinist  and  composer,  born 
at  Inver,  Dunkeld,  March  22,  1727.  Taught 
violin  by  John  Cameron,  a  retainer  in  the 
Grandtulh'  family.  He  was  twice  married, 
and  had  large  families.  He  played  at  the 
principal  gatherings  and  balls  of  his  time,  in 
the  large  towns  of  Scotland,  lie  died  at  Inver, 
March  1,  1807. 

Works. — A  collection  of  Strathspey  Reels, 
with  a  bass  for  the  violoncello  or  harpsichord, 
dedicated  to  Her  Grace  the  Duchess  of  Athole, 
Edinburgh  (Corri),  [1784].  Second  collec- 
tion, dedicated  to  the  noblemen  and  gentlemen 
of  the  Caledonian  Hunt,  Edinburgh  (Corri), 
[1788].  Third  collection,  dedicated  to  the 
Marchioness  of  Tweeddale,  Edinburgh,  [1792]. 
A  comp)lete  repository  of  original  Scots  slow 
strathspeys  and  dances  (the  dances  arranged 
as  medleys  for  the  harp,  pianoforte,  violin, 
and  violoncello),  Edinburgh  [1799] ,  issued  in 
four  parts.  Fifth  and  sixth  collections  of 
strathspey  reels,  1808  and  1822. 

As  personal  recollections  can  not  now  be 
brought  to  bear  on  the  subject  of  Gow's 
character,  we  have  transcribed  the  following 
passage,  which,  with  a  curious  portrait, 
appears  in  T.  Garnett's  "  Observations  on  a 
Tour  through  the  Highlands,  etc.,  of  Scot- 
land." Second  edition,  vol.  2,  p.  73,  London, 
1811:— 


BEITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


169 


GOW. 

".  .  .  We  were  favoured  with  a  visit  from 
Kiel  Gow,  a  singular  and  well-known  char- 
acter, and  a  celebrated  performer  on  the 
violin.  When  I  call  him  a  celebrated  per- 
former, I  do  not  mean  that  he  can  execute 
the  sweet  Italian  airs  with  the  touch  of  a 
Cramer.  His  only  music  is  that  of  his  native 
country,  which  he  has  acquired  chiefly  bj'  the 
ear,  being  entirely  self-taught ;  but  he  plays 
the  Scotch  airs  with  a  spirit  and  enthusiasm 
peculiar  to  himself.  .  .  .  He  excels  most  in 
the  Strathspeys,  which  are  jigs  played  with  a 
peculiar  spirit  and  life,  but  he  executes  the 
laments,  or  funeral  music,  with  a  great  deal 
of  pathos." 

A  great  deal  of  nonsense  has  been  written 
about  the  Gow  family,  and  numerous  fables 
of  all  sorts  have  been  published  regarding 
Niel  and  his  alleged  doings.  In  Glen's  "  Col- 
lection of  Scottish  Dance  Music,  book  2, 1895, 
there  is  a  very  fair  and  impartial  examination 
of  some  of  these  stories,  and  a  careful  sifting 
of  his  compositions,  whereby  many  of  them 
are  rightly  assigned  to  other  composers. 

Gow,  Nathaniel,  violinist  and  composer, 
bom  at  Inver,  near  Dunkeld,  May  28,  1763. 
Fourth  son  of  Niel  Gow.  He  studied  mider 
his  father,  R.  M'Intosh,  M'Glashan,  and 
J.  Eeinagle.  Violinist  at  Edinburgh  under 
his  brother  William.  One  of  H.M.  trumpeters 
for  Scotland,  1782.  Succeeded  his  brother 
William  as  leader  of  the  Edinburgh  concerts, 
1791.  Established  in  ^lusic-publishing 
business  with  W.  Shepherd  at  Edinburgh, 
1796-181.3.  Gave  up  business,  but  subsequenly 
resumed  it  in  partnership  with  his  son  Niel. 
Continued  the  firm  till  1827.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  January  19,  1831. 

Works. — The  Beauties  of  Niel  Gow,  being 
a  Selection  of  the  most  favourite  tunes  from 
his  first,  second,  and  third  collections  of 
strathspey  reels  and  jigs,  chiefly  comprising 
the  compositions  of  Niel  Gow  and  Sons  (edited 
by  Nathaniel).  Edinburgh,  8  parts.  The 
Vocal  ^lelodies  of  Scotland,  arranged  for  the 
pianoforte,  or  harp,  violin,  and  violoncello,  by 
Nath.  Gow.  Edin.,3parts,  n.d.  The  Ancient 
curious  Collection  of  Scotland,  consisting  of 
genuine  Scotch  tunes,  with  their  original 
variations,  with  basses  throughout,  for  the 
pianoforte,  or  harp,  violin  and  'cello.  Ded. 
to  Sir  Walter  Scott.  Edin.,  1823.  A  Select 
Collection  of  original  dances,  waltzes,  marches, 
minuets,  and  airs.. many  of  which  are  com- 
posed, and  the  whole  arranged  for  the  pf.  and 
harp  by  Nath.  Gow,  Edin.  A  Collection  of 
Strathspey  Reels,  with  a  bass  for  the  violon- 
cello, or  harpsichord,  containing  the  most 
approved  old  and  the  most  fashionable  new 
reels,  some  of  which  are  composed,  and  others 
with  additions,  by  Nath.  Gow.  Edin.  [1797] . 
Complete  Repository  of  Old  and  New  Scotch 
Strathspeys,  Reels,  and  Dances.     Edin.,  n.d., 


GRAHAM. 

3  books.  Nathaniel  Gow  is  best  remembered 
as  the  composer  of  "  Caller  Herrin,"  and 
"  Botbwell  Castle,"  the  former  being  very 
popular. 

Qow,  Niel,  Jun.,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  about  1795.  Son  of  Nathaniel  Gow. 
He  was  a  partner  in  the  music-publishing 
business  in  Edinburgh  with  his  father.  He 
died  at  Edinburgh,  November  7,  1823. 

Works. — Edinburgh  Collection  of  Glees, 
Catches,  Duetts,  etc.,  Edin.,  n.d.  A  Collection 
of  Airs,  Reels,  and  Strathspeys,  being  the 
posthumous  compositions  of  the  late  Niel  Gow, 
Junr.,  arranged  for  pf.,  harp,  violin,  or  'cello, 
by  Nathaniel  Gow.     Edin.,  1849. 

This  most  promising  young  man  died  after 
giving  convincing  proofs  of  his  capacity  for 
musical  composition.  His  melodies,  "Bonnie 
Prince  Charlie "  and  "  Flora  Macdonald's 
Lament,"  are  well-known  all  over  the  world. 
He  composed  a  number  of  melodies  to  words 
by  Hogg,  etc.,  but  the  two  songs  named  are 
those  by  which  he  is  best  kno-mi. 

Other  members  of  this  familv  were  Andrew 
[1760-180.31,  John  [1764;  died,  London, 
November  ^22,  1826],  and  William  [1751- 
1791] ,  all  of  whom  were  musicians  of  some 
fame  in  their  day,  the  last  being  especially 
well  known  as  a  fresh  and  vigorous  violinist. 
They  all  composed  reels  and  strathspeys  of 
merit. 

Qoward,  Mary  Anne,  see  Keeley,  Mrs. 

Qower,  John  Henry,  organist,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  at  Rugby,  May  25,  1855. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1876;  Mus.  Doc,  1883, 
Oxford.  In  1876,  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  music  master  at  Trent  College,  Notts., 
where  he  remained  until  1887,  when  he  went 
to  Denver,  Colorado,  U.S.A.,  as  precentor  and 
organist  of  the  cathedral  there.  He  gave 
organ  recitals  in  various  towns  in  England; 
was  an  early  and  enthusiastic  member  of  the 
I.S.M.  ;  conductor  of  the  Long  Eaton  Phil- 
harmonic Society;  and  a  captain  in  the  First 
Derbyshire  Regiment,  Volunteer  Battalion. 
His  compositions  comprise  a  cantata,  "The 
Good  Shepherd"  ;  part-songs,  songs,  etc.  In 
1887.  he  read  a  paper,  "  The  needs  of  the 
Musical  Profession,"  at  the  annual  meeting 
of  the  Music  Teachers'  National  Association 
of  the  U.S.A. 

Graddon,  Miss,  soprano  vocalist,  born  at 
Bishop's  Lydiard,  near  Taunton,  1804.  She 
studied  under  Tom  Cooke ;  sang  at  Vauxhall 
in  1822,  and  at  Dublin  in  1823.  Afterwards 
she  appeared  at  Liverpool,  INIanchester,  Lon- 
don, and  throughout  the  English  provinces. 
On  November  10,  1824,  she  sang  in  "  Der 
Freischutz,  at  London.     Died  ? 

Graeme,  Elliot,  Author  of  "Beethoven: 
a  memoir,"  London,  1870,  two  editions. 
Novels,  etc. 

Graham,  George  Farquhar,   composer 


170 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


GRAHAM. 

and  writer,  born  at  Edinburgh,  December  29, 
1789.  Sou  of  Colonel  Humphrey  Graham. 
He  was  educated  at  the  High  School  and 
University  of  Edinburgh,  but  was  chiefly 
self-taught  in  music.  Witli  George  Hogarth 
he  acted  as  joint-secretary  to  the  Edinburgh 
Musical  Festival,  in  1815.  For  a  time  he 
resided  in  Italy.  He  was  an  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  the  Music  chair  of  Edinburgh 
University.  Died  at  Edinburgh,  March  12, 
1867. 

Works. — Twelve  pieces  of  vocal  music, 
with  accompaniments  for  the  pf. ;  composed, 
and  as  a  small  tribute  of  Scottish  respect, 
inscribed  to  the  memory  of  Haydn,  by  a 
Dilettante,  Edinburgh,  1811.  The  songs  of 
Scotland,  adapted  to  their  appropriate  melo- 
dies .  .  .  with  historical,  biographical,  and 
critical  notices  .  .  .  Edinburgh,  1848-49,  3 
vols.  Glees,  hymns,  songs,  etc.  An  accouut 
of  the  first  Edinburgh  Musical  Festival,  held 
.  .  .  1815,  Edinburgh,  181G  ;  2nd  edition,  1835. 
Elements  of  singing  .  .  .  Edinburgh,  1817. 
Essay  on  the  theory  and  practice  of  Musical 
Composition  .  .  .  Edinburgh,  1838.  [Being  a 
reprmt,  with  additions,  of  the  article  "Music  " 
in  the  7th  and  8th  editions  of  the  Encyclo- 
pedia Britannica].  General  observations 
upon  j\Iusic,  and  remarks  upon  Mr.  Logier's 
system,  Edinburgh,  1817.  Notes  and  editorial 
work  in  connection  with  the  publication  of 
the  "  Skene  MS."  (Dauney). 

Graham,  James  Lascelles,  organist  and 
writer,  born  at  Edinburgh,  Jlay  22,  1854. 
He  is  music-master  of  the  High  School  of 
S  irling,  and  organist  of  Allan  Park  Church 
there.  He  is  author  of  •'  ISIusic  made  easy," 
London,  n.d.,  a  pianoforte  lutor. 

Graham,  Maria,  author  of  "  A  few  words 
on  the  formation  of  the  -Major  and  JNIinor 
Scales,  in  a  letter  to  her  pupils,  by  M.  G," 
London, 1852. 

Graham,  Thomas,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  1800,  died  in  1867.  He  was  organist 
of  the  Parish  Church,  Wigan,  and  a  composer 
of  vocal  music.  His  daughter,  Mary  Ann.  is 
Madame  Enderssohn,  the  soprano  singer, 
for  ma  y  years  a  popular  favourite. 

Grain,  Richard  Corney,  entertainer, 
born  at  Teversham,  Cambridgeshire,  October 
26,  1844.  He  was  educated  for  tlie  law,  and 
called  to  the  Bar  in  18()6  His  gifts  forinusic 
and  mimicry  soon  decided  his  career,  and  he 
joined  the  German  Reed  Entertainment,  May 
16,  1870  There  he  continued  for  th  ■  rest  of 
his  life,  performing  in  I  ,ondon  and  the  jDro- 
vinces.  He  wrote  an  immense  number  of 
amusing  sketches,  of  which  may  be  mentioned 
Small  and  early.  Spring's  delights,  Troubles  of 
a  tourist.  Echoes  of  the  opera.  Back  in  town, 
That  fatal  menu  ;  as  well  as  setting  music  to 
pieces  by  Arthur  I  .aw  and  others.  His  ex- 
periences he  embodied  in  a  little  book,  "  Cor- 


GRAY. 

ney  Grain,  by  himself,"  London,  Murray,  1888. 
He  died  in  London,  March  16,  1895,  a  year 
fatal  to  the  whole  German  Reed  combination. 

Grant,  Donald,  teacher  and  composer, 
a  native  of  Elgin,  published  "  A  collection  of 
strathspeys,  reels,  jigs,  etc.,  for  the  pianoforte,, 
violin,  and  violoncello,"  Edinburgh  [1790]. 

Grant,  Sir  James  Hope,  musician,  born 
1808 ;  died  1875.  He  entered  the  army  in 
1826,  aid  served  in  China,  etc.  He  retired 
from  the  army  a  General.  See  "  Life  of 
General  Hope  Grant,  by  H.  KnoUys,  Loudon,. 
1894,  2  vols.  His  portrait,  representing  him 
pl  lying  the  violoncello,  painted  by  his  brother^ 
Sir  Francis  Grant,  P.R..A.,  is  in  the  National 
Portrait  Gallery,  London  He  composed 
Three  sketches  for  pf.  and  'cello;  The  sea 
and  the  lake,  for  pf.  and  'cello;  Notturno  for 
pf.  and  'cello  ;  The  three  violoncello  makers, 
for  pf.  and  'cello  ;  Elegie  for  pf  ;  Voluntaries 
for  the  organ  ;  Songs,  etc. 

Grant,  John  Campbell,  musician  and 
writer,  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  in  1839.  He 
iiolds  various  teaching  appointments  in  Edin- 
burgh. Author  of  "  Elements  of  music  and 
singing." 

Grassineau,  Jacques,  musician,  born, 
London,  1715  ;  died  there,  1769.  Author  of 
"  .Musical  Dictionary,  being  a  collection  of 
terms  and  characters. .  London,  1740. 

Gray,  Alan,  composer  and  organist,  born 
at  York,  December  23,  1855.  Educated  at 
St.  Peter's  School,  York,  and  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  l)eing  intended  for  the  legal  pro- 
fession. Studied  music  under  Dr.  E.G.  Monk. 
GraJuated  LI..B.,  1877  ;  LL.M.,  1883;  Mus. 
Bac,  1886;  JIus.  Doc,  1889,  Cambridge.  In 
1883,  he  was  appointed  musical  director  at 
WeUingtou  College,  and  in  1892  succeeded 
Professor  Stanford  as  organist  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  and  Conductor  of  the 
University  Musical  Society,  positions  he  still 
liolds. 

Works. — The  Widow  of  Zarephath  (a  read- 
ing, with  choral  exposition),  produced  in  York 
Minster,  May,  1888  Cantatas :  Arethusa 
(Shelley).  Leeds  Festival,  1892  ;  The  Legend 
of  the  Rock  Buoy  Bell,  Hovingham  Festival, 
1893;  The  Vision  of  Belshazzar,  the  same, 
1896.  In  MS.,  .Milton's  version  of  Psahn  7 
(exercise  for  iMus.  Doc);  An  Eastjr  Ode,  for 
soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra  (composed  1892)  ; 
and  a  Festival  Te  Deum,  with  orchestra 
(composed  1895).  Church  Services  in  F,  and 
A;  Anthems,  etc.  Album  of  four  songs; 
various  songs.  Overture  for  full  orchestra  ; 
Quartet,  pf.  and  strings;  Quartet,  strings,  all 
in  MS.  Four  sonatas  (composed  1889); 
Fantasia,  and  other  pieces  for  organ.  Sonata, 
in  G,  pf.  and  violin;  Sonata,  pf. ;  and  various 
smaller  works. 

Gray,  George,  musician  and  vocalist, 
born  at  Eton,  in  June,  1815.     He  was  a  vicar- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


171 


GRAY. 

choral  of  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dublin,  and 
founder  of  the  Choir  Benevolent  Fund.  Died 
at  Dublin,  May  8,  1888. 

His  fatlier,  William  Henry  Gray,  born 
at  Eton  in  1785,  died  November  7,  1824,  was 
an  organist  and  composer. 

Gray,  John  Locke,  organist,  born  in 
184.3.  He  was  the  first  pupil  of  Ebeuezer 
Prout  when  he  entered  the  profession  in  1859. 
He  was  appointed  organist  of  Lee  Chapel, 
Kent,  1862 ;  then,  in  succession,  of  St.  Mark's, 
Lewisham  ;  St.  George  the  Martyr,  Holborn ; 
Holy  Trinity,  Richmond,  1872  ;  and  of  Christ 
Church,  Kensington.  In  1875  he  was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  Bombay  Cathedral.  He 
died  at  Bombay,  from  sunstroke,  June,  1878. 
Gray,  Louisa,  IMrs.  Abingdon  Compton, 
amateur  composer  of  the  day.  Her  operetta, 
"Between  two  stools,"  has  been  performed 
in  several  places  ;  and  she  is  the  composer  of 
a  number  of  songs.  What  an  angel  heard  ; 
The  thread  of  the  story  ;  Evening  star,  etc. 

Greatheed,  Rev.  Samuel  Stephenson, 
clergyman  and  composer,  born  near  Weston- 
super-Mare,  February  22, 181-3.  B.A.,  Cantab., 
18.35.  M.A.,  18.38.  Ordained,  1838.  Rector 
of  Corringham,  Sussex. 

Works. — Enoch's  Prophecy,  an  oratorio, 
words  by  James  Montgomery,  1852.  English 
Gradual :  a  book  of  plain  song  for  Holy  Com- 
munion, from  ancient  English  sources.  Plain 
song  for  Holy  Communion  on  ordinary  days, 
so  far  as  it  differs  from  that  for  feasts  ;  with 
offertory  sentences,  the  Dies  Ira?  (Engli.sh), 
and  the  Order  for  the  Burial  of  the  Dead. 
Anthems  :  Blessed  is  the  man  ;  Ye  that  fear 
the  Lord;  Hail,  glydd'ning  light;  O  God, 
Thou  art  worthy  to  be  praised  ;  Let  my  soul 
bless  God  ;  0  Lord  Almighty,  God  of  Israel ; 
O  Saviour  of  the  world  ;  The  Son  of  man,  etc. 
Greatorex,  Thomas,  organist,  conductor, 
and  composer,  born  at  North  VViugfield,  near 
Chesterfield,  Derby,  October  5,  1758.  He 
studied  under  Dr.  B.  Cooke,  1772.  Adopted 
by  the  Earl  of  Sandwich.  Chorister  at  Con- 
cert of  Ancient  Music,  1778.  Organist  of 
Carlisle  Cathedral,  1780-84.  Teacher  in  New- 
castle, 1784-85.  Travelled  in  Holland  and 
Italy,  1785-88;  and  was  introduced  to  1  rince 
Charles  Edward  Stuart.  Teacher  in  London, 
1789.  Conductor  of  the  Concert  of  Ancient 
Music,  1793.  Revived  the  Vocal  Concerts, 
1801.  Organist  of  Westminster  Abbey,  in 
succession  to  G.  E.  Williams,  1819.  Con- 
ductor of  Birmingham  Musical  Festival. 
Fellow  of  Royal  and  Linnean  Societies.  He 
died  at  Hampton,  near  London,  July  18, 
1831. 

Works. — Twelve  glees  from  favourite  Eng- 
lish, Irish,  and  Scotch  melodies,  London, 
n.d.  [18-32].  Psalms,  chants,  etc.  A  selection  of 
Tunes.  . .  London,  1829.  Parochial  Psalmody, 
a  collection  of  approved  tunes  for  four  voices. 


GREEN. 

in  score,  with  organ  or  pf.  accompaniment, 
London,  n.d. 

Greaves,  Thomas,  lutenist  and  com- 
poser, of  16th  and  17th  centuries.  Biography 
unknown. 

Works.— Songs  of  sundrie  kindes,  1604. 
Reprinted  madrigals :  Come  away ,  love ;  Lady, 
the  melting  crystal  of  your  eye ;  Sweei 
nymphs,  etc. 

Green,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
was  organist  at  Hull  in  first  half  of  last 
century.  He  published  "  A  Book  of  Psalmody, 
containing  chanting  tunes  for  the  Canticles, 
etc.  .  .  .  the  reading  Psalms,  with  eighteen 
anthems  and  a  variety  of  Psalm-tunes  in  four 
parts,"  1724;  8th  edition,  1734;  11th  edition. 
1751.     He  aho  composed  hymns,  etc. 

Green,  John,  composer  and  teacher,  of 
first  half  of  the  present  century.  Author  of 
"  Concise  Instructions  for  performance  on 
the  Royal  Seraphine  and  Organ,"  London, 
1833.  The  ser  phine  is  described  as  "anew 
musical  instrument  having  the  power  of  a 
large  organ,  in  the  size  and  shape  of  a  chif- 
fionier."  Green  also  issued  "  A  bird's-eye 
view  of  the  rudiments  of  music,"  London, 
1844,  and  adapted  airs,  etc.,  for  the  pf. 

Another  John  Grehn  published  "  Hints  on 
the  Spanish  Guitar,  being  a  preparatory  tutor 
for  that  instrument,"  London  [1830] .  "  Lii- 
tle  songs  for  little  singers,"  issued  in  parts, 
etc. 

Green,  Joseph  N.,  writer,  author  of 
"The  Tritone  ;  a  method  of  harmony  and 
modulation  adapted  to  the  scales  of  keyed 
instruments,  with  Appendix,  London  [1871]. 
Green,  Richard,  baritone  vocalist,  born 
April  21,  1866,  in  Kensington,  London  Edu- 
cated at  Margate,  and  began  life  in  a  city 
Bank.  Studying  singing  under  Edwin  Hol- 
land, he  was  advised  to  enter  the  R.A.M. 
After  two  years'  study  there,  he  went  to 
Milan,  in  1888,  and  studied  with  Giulio 
Moretti.  Reiurning  to  London,  in  1890,  he 
was  engaged  for  the  Royal  English  Opera 
House,  and  made  his  debut  as  Prince  John, 
in  Sullivan's  "  Ivanhoe,"  January  31,  1891, 
afterwards  taking  the  part  of  the  Templar.  The 
next  season  he  was  engaged  for  the  Savoy, 
where  he  created  the  part  of  Sir  George 
Vernon,  in  "  H addon  Hall,"  singing  it  more 
than  200  times.  He  next  appeared  at  Covent 
Garden,  in  Italian  Opera,  creating  the  part 
of  Silvio  in  "  I  Pagliacci,"  on  its  production, 
May  19,  1893.  He  had  been  engaged  by  Sir 
Augustus  Harris  for  grand  opera  every  season 
since,  and  has  achieved  success  in  a  great 
number  of  works.  He  is  also  distinguished 
as  a  concert  singer,  and  has  appeared  at  the 
Saturday  Popnlar  Concerts,  and  other  insti- 
tutions in  London  and  the  provinces. 

Green,   William,    musician,   of  4  Cum- 
berland Street,  Shoreditch,  compiler  of  "The 


172 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


GREENE. 

Clerk's  Companion,  or  the  Christian's  vade- 
mecum,  containing  373  tunes  of  two  and  three 
parts,"  London  [1820].  "  Tlie  Ladder  to 
Musical  learning,"  London,  1834.  Pf.  music, 
etc. 

Greene,  Harry  Plunket,  bass  vocalist, 
born  at  Old  Conuaught  House,  County  VVick- 
lovv,  June  24,  1865.  His  mother  is  the 
authoress  of  "Cushions  and  Corners,"  and 
many  otlier  popular  children's  books,  and 
sister  of  Mr.  Uavid  Plunket,  First  Commis- 
sioner of  Works.  He  was  educated  at  Clifton 
College,  and  destined  for  the  Bar;  but,  gifted 
witli  a  fine  voice,  he  ultimately  decided  upon 
entering  the  musical  profession.  In  1883  he 
went  to  Stuttgart,  and  later,  to  Florence, 
studying  under  Vannuccini.  On  his  return 
to  London  he  had  lessons  from  J.  B.  Welch, 
and  .\lfred  Blume.  He  made  his  debut  at 
the  People's  Palace,  Stepney,  January  21, 
1888,  in  Handel's  "  Messiah."  In  March 
following  he  sang  at  Novello's  Oratorio  Con- 
certs, St.  James's  Hall,  in  Gounod's  ' '  Redemp- 
tion "  ;  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  March,  1889  ; 
and  in  Germany  the  same  year,  being  every- 
where successful.  His  operatic  debut,  was  at 
Covent  Garden,  June  2,  1890;  and  he  first 
appeared  at  the  Provincial  Festivals  at  Wor- 
cester in  1890.  He  has  given  song  recitals  all 
over  the  country,  and  lias  twice  visited  America, 
in  1893  (Ciiicago  Exhibition),  and  1896. 

Greene,  Maurice,  organist  and  composer, 
born,  Loudon,  1696  [1695].  Chorister  in  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral.  He  studied  music  under 
R.  Brind.  Organist  of  S.  Dunstan  in  the 
West,  Fleet  Street,  1716 ;  S.  Andrew's,  Holborn, 
1717;  S.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1718;  Chapel 
Royal,  1727.  Professor  of  Music,  Cambridge, 
1730.  Doc.  Mus.,  Cantab.,  1730.  Master  of 
the  King's  Band,  1735.  He  died  at  London, 
December  1,  1755. 

Works.— Ontiorios;  Jephthah,  1737;  The 
Force  of  Truth,  1744.  Florimel,  or  Love's 
Revenge,  dramatic  pastoral,  1737;  The  Judg- 
ment of  Hercules,  masque,  1740.  Phoebe, 
opera,  1748.  Spenser's  Amoretti  for  voice, 
harpsichord,  and  violin.  Ode  on  S.  Cecilia's 
Day,  Pope,  1730;  Odes  for  King's  Birthday 
and  New  Year's  Day,  1730;  Catches  and 
Canons,  3  and  4  voices  ;  The  Chaplet,  collec- 
tion of  12  English  songs  ;  Church  Service  in 
C,  1737  ;  Te  Deum  in  D,  1745  ;  Forty  select 
Anthems  in  Score  for  ,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7  and  8 
voices,  London,  2  vols.,  1743.  Songs,  organ 
and  harpsichord  music,  etc. 

Greenish,  Arthur  James,  organist, 
born  at  Haverfordwest,  Pembrokeshire,  Jan- 
uary 26,  1860.  Musical  education  partly  at 
R.A.^L,  partly  private.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1885 ;  Mus.  Doc,  1892,  Cambridge.  F.R.C.O., 
F.R.A.^I.  In  1880,  appointed  organist  of 
St.  Mary's,  Battersea  ;  and  in  1882,  organist 
and    choirmaster    of     St.    Saviour's,    South 


GREGORY. 

Hampstead,  which  offices  he  still  retains. 
Was  conductor  of  the  South  Hampstead 
Musical  Society  for  some  time,  and  is  an 
Examiner  for  Trinity  College,  London.  In 
addition  to  the  Degree  Exercises  (Sing,  O  ye 
heavens;  The  miracle  at  Bethany),  he  has 
composed  songs,  and  pieces  for  violin ;  and 
has  published  an  Evening  Service,  and  some 
songs. 

His  brother,  Frederick  Robert  Greenish, 
is  organist  of  St.  I\Iary's  Church,  Haverford- 
west. He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1883,  and 
Mus.  Doc,  1891,  at  Oxford.  Composer  of 
"  The  Church  Triumphant "  and  "  Adoration  " 
cantatas  ;  Church  services,  anthems,  eoc 

Greenwood,  James,  organist, and  teacher 
of  singing,  born  of  a  Yorkshire  family,  in 
Lancashire,  in  1837.  At  the  age  of  nineteen 
he  went  from  Todmorden  to  Bristol,  and 
gained  a  place  as  lay-clerk  in  the  Cathedral, 
an  office  he  resigned  in  1877.  While  there, 
he  studied  under  S.  S.  Wesley.  He  was 
organist  at  St.  Paul's,  Bedminster ;  Westbury- 
on-Trym  ;  and  lastly,  at  St.  Matthew's, 
Kingsdown.  Pounder  and  Hon.  Sec.  of  the 
Lay-clei-k's  Choir  and  Mutual  Aid  Society, 
and  of  a  choir,  1870-79.  Music-master  at 
Colston  School,  and  the  Grammar  School, 
Bristol.  A  great  advocate  of  the  Lancashire 
Sol-fa,  of  which  he  wrote  a  primer,  and  a  Set 
of  396  Two-part  Exercises  for  Choirs  and 
Schools,  Novello's  Primers,  Nos.  19  and  23. 
He  also  composed  some  Church  Services, 
anthems,  and  organ  pieces.  This  earnest 
and  unassuming  worker  for  music  died  at 
Clifton,  June  14,  1894. 

■  Greenwood,  John,  musician  and  teacher, 
of  Leeds.  Published  "  Selection  of  antient 
and  modern  Psalm  tunes  .  .  . ,"  Leeds  [1825] ; 
"  ]\Iodulus  Sanctus,  a  collection  of  sacred 
music,"  Leeds,  1828  ;  "  Psalmody  harmonised 
in  score,  with  accompaniment  for  organ  and 
pianoforte,"  Halifax,  1838. 

Greeting,  Thomas,  teacher  of  the  flageo- 
let, in  London,  at  the  end  of  the  17th  century, 
Author  of  '"The  Pleasant  Companion;  or 
new  lessons  and  instructions  for  the  Flage- 
lot,"  London,  1666,  another  edition,  1680. 

Qregg,  Annie  Jessy,  see  sub.,  Curwen, 
John  Spencer. 

Gregory  of  Bridlington,  musician,  of 
13th  century.  He  was  a  canon  of  the  Order 
of  St.  Augustine,  and  precentor,  and  latterly 
Prior  of  Bridlington,  about  1217.  Author  of 
"  De  Arte  Musices,"  in  3  books. 

Gregory,  George  Herbert,  organist, 
born  at  Clcwer,  near  Windsor,  liecember  6, 
18.53.  Studied  under  Samuel  Reay.  F.R.C.O., 
1873,  and  Mus.  Bac.  Oxford,  1874.  Organist 
of  Holy  Trinity  Episcopal  Church,  Melrose, 
1872-4;  Tamworth  Parish  Church,  1874-5; 
and  Boston  Parish  Church,  1875,  to  present 
time.     Conductor  of    Boston  Choral  Society 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


173 


GREGORY. 

for  some  years.  He  has  a  good  tenor  voice, 
and  has  occasionally  sung  in  oratorio  and 
concerts  in  Lincolnshire.  Has  composed 
services  and  other  church  music,  songs,  etc., 
and  contributed  to  the  '■  Church  of  Scotland 
Children's  Hymnal,"  aiid  the  authorised 
"  Hymnal  of  the  Established  Church  of  Scot- 
land."— James  Lively  Gregory,  brother  of 
the  preceding,  was  born  at  Old  Windsor, 
March  27,  1860.  F.R.C.O.,  1883,  and  Mus. 
Bac,  Durham,  1892.  Received  most  of  his 
musical  training  from  his  brother,  whom  he 
succeeded  at  Melrose,  in  1875.  Prom  there 
he  went  to  VVelford  Parish  Church,  in  1877, 
and  to  the  Parish  Church,  Ware,  in  1880. 
There  he  is  actively  engaged  as  a  teacher ;  he 
is  also  conductor  of  the  Ware  and  other  Musi- 
cal Societies.  He  has  published  church  ser- 
vices, songs,  part-songs,  organ  and  pf.  pieces. 
A  third  brother,  Alfred  Edward  Gregory, 
was  born  at  Clehonger,  near  Hereford,  May 
16,  1862.  He  also  was  chiefly  educated  in 
music  by  the  eldest  brother.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxford,  1895.  Organist  of  the  Parish 
Church,  Lanark  ;  conductor  of  the  Lanark 
Select  Choir,  etc.  This  family  presents  the 
possibly  unique  circumstance  of  three  brothers 
holding  Degrees  in  Music. 

Gregory,  Rev.  John  Herbert,  author 
of  a  "  Letter  to  the  Bishop  of  Melbourne 
on  Church  Music,"  Rlelbourne,  1857. 

Qreig,  Gavin,  organist  and  composer, 
born  ill  Aberdeenshire,  February  10,  1856. 
He  is  a  schoohnaster  at  New  Deer.  Com- 
poser of  "  Prince  Charlie,"  a  musical  drama  ; 
"Mains's  Wooin',"  a  musical  drama;  num- 
erous songs,  etc. 

Greig,  John,  composer  and  organist,  born 
in  Edinburgh.  Educated  at  Moray  Training 
College,  and  appointed  English  Master  in 
the  High  School,  Leith.  While  holding  this 
and  similar  appointments  he  pursued  his 
musical  studies,  graduating  Mus.  Bac,  1878  ; 
Mus.  Doc,  1889  ;  Oxford  ;  M.A  ,  Edinburgh  ; 
and  F.C.O. ,  1880.  Organist  and  choirmaster 
St.  Cuthbert's  Free  Church,  Edinburgh. 
Nominated  during  illness  of  Sir  Herbert 
Oakeley,  interim  professor  of  music  at  Edin- 
burgh University,  during  which  time  he  gave 
many  lectures  and  organ  recitals.  His  com- 
positions include  an  oratorio,  Zion  (degree 
exercise)  ;  an  opera,  Holyrood,  Glasgow, 
October  5,  1896 ;  an  orchestral  suite.  The 
Graces  (Edinburgh,  1890).  Part-songs;  Herald 
of  Spring;  Month  of  May;  Merrily  row  we,  etc. 
Editor  of  Scots  Minstrelsie,  6  vols.,  Edinburgh, 
Jack,  1892-5,  and  the  Musical  Educator, 
Edinburgh,  Jack. 

Gresham,  William,  composer,  born  at 
Dunstable,  about  the  middle  of  the  18th 
century.  He  died  early  in  the  present  cen- 
tury. Compiler  of  "  Psalmody  improved, 
containing  portions  of  the  Psalms  of  David 


GRIEVE. 

and  13  hymns  .  .  .  ."London  [1780]  ;  and 
composer  of  songs  by  Sir  Walter  Scott,  etc. 

Grey,  Annie,  Mrs.  Wade,  contralto 
singer,  born  at  Edinburgh,  July  4,  1860.  She 
studied  at  the  R.A.M.  as  a  pupil  of  Randegger, 
and  afterwards  she  appeared  in  Edinburgh. 
In  1890,  she  sang  before  the  Queen  at  Bal- 
moral, and  since  then  she  has  appeared  at 
many  concerts  in  Scotland  and  England. 

Grey,  Rev.  John,  compiler  of  "  Manual 
of  Psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  1857,  and  "  A 
Hymnal  for  use  in  the  English  Church,  with 
accompanying  tunes,"  London,  1866. 

Grice,  Robert,  baritone  vocalist,  born  at 
Leeds,  1859.  Was  for  seven  years  a  chorister 
in  Durham  Cathedral,  and  at  the  age  of 
twenty  was  appointed  to  Peterborough  Cathe- 
dral as  bass  ;  a  year  later  taking  the  position 
of  principal  bass  at  New  College,  Oxford. 
In  1885  he  was  elected  assistant  vicar-choral 
of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  from  which  choir  he 
rv3tired  in  1893.  He  has  sung  at  the  principal 
concerts  in  London  and  the  provinces  ;  at 
Chester  Festival ;  Hereford  Festival,  1894, 
as  the  narrator  in  Parry's  "Job"  ;  and  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  in  the  same.  He  also  took 
part  in  the  quartets  in  the  Jubilee  performance 
of  "  Elijah  "  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  June  27, 
1896. 

Grier,  William,  writer.  Author  of  "An 
Essay  on  the  first  principle  of  Music."  Aber- 
deen, 1838.  This  originally  appeared  in  "  The 
Musical  Cyclopaedia,  being  a  collection  of  the 
most  approved  English,  Scottish,  and  Irish 
songs,  edited  by  J.  W.  Wilson,"  London, 
1835 ;  also  1852. 

Griesbach,  John  Henry,  pianist  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Windsor,  of  German 
parents,  on  June  20,  1798.  Violoncellist  in 
Queen's  band,  1810.  He  studied  under  Kalk- 
brenner,  and  afterwards  became  pianist  in 
London,  and  director  of  Philharmonic  Soc- 
iety.    He  died  at  London,  January  9,  1875. 

Works. — Belshazzar's  feast,  1835;  Daniel 
(reproduction),  1853;  Music  to  the  "Tem- 
pest"; James  the  First,  or  the  Royal  Cap- 
tive, operetta  ;  The  Goldsmith  of  West  Cheap, 
opera  ;  Eblis,  opera,  unfinished  ;  Raby  Ruins, 
musical  drama  ;  Overtures  for  orchestra. 
Analysis  of  Musical  Sounds,  with  illustrative 
figures  of  the  ratios  of  vibrations  of  musical 
intervals  and  their  compounds,  harmonic 
vibration,  temperament,  etc.,  n.d.  Elements 
of  Musical  notation,  containing  tables  of  the 
comparative  value  of  the  different  kinds  of 
Notes,  Signatures  of  the  different  keys,  etc., 
n.d.  Pianoforte  Students'  Companion,  con- 
taining all  the  Scales  in  four  positions,  etc., 
London  [1825] .     Anthems,  songs,  etc. 

Grieve,  John  Charles,  composer,  con- 
ductor, and  didactic  writer,  born  in  Edin- 
burgh, August  29,  1842.  Fellow  of  the  Edu- 
cational  Institute  of  Scotland ;   lecturer  on 


174 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


GRIFFIN. 

musical  theory,  Heriot-Watt  College,  Edin- 
burgh. Sometime  clioirmaster,  Lady  Tester's 
Ohurch,  and  conductor  of  Phcenix  Musical 
Association,  Edinburgh.  Teacher  of  singing 
in  various  schools,  and  for  some  years  editor 
of  Tlic  Musical  Star. 

Works. — Benjamin,  an  oratorio,  Edin- 
burgh, 1877  ;  Christian  songs  of  praise,  24 
hymns,  for  4  voices  (1873)  ;  The  sower  and 
the  seed,  scripture  parable,  for  soli  and  chorus ; 
The  good  Samaritan,  ditto.  Cantata,  Legend 
of  St.  Swithin  (1891).  Kinderspiels :  The 
happy  family  ;  Playmates  ;  The  flowers  o'  the 
forest  ;  Rip  Van  Winkle  ;  Don  Quixote  ; 
Hearts  and  Homes ;  Day  of  rest  and  gladness. 
Part-songs  :  Good-morrow  to  my  lady  bright ; 
Stars  of  the  summer  night,  etc.  Songs  : 
The  Assyrian  ;  Comin'  hame  ;  Broken  vows  ; 
Earth's  partings,  etc.  Arrangements  of  Scotch 
songs,  etc.  Author  of  the  Harmonium  :  how 
to  use  it  (Edinburgh,  n.d.) ;  Practical  har- 
mony. 

Griffin,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
boru  at  Wingrave,  Buckinghamshire.  April  1, 
1816.  Compiler  of  "  New  Sacred  Music,  con- 
sisting of  Psalm  and  Hymn-tunes,  with  one 
Christmas  piece,"  London  [1840];  "The 
Buckinghamshire  Harmonist,"  comprising  a 
new  set  of  original  Psalm  and  Hymiitunes 
.  .  .  London  [1842] . 

Griff  in,  George  Eugene,  pianistandcom- 
poser,  was  born  at  London,  January  8,  1781. 
Member  of  Philharmonic  Society,  teacher, 
etc.     He  died  at  London,  May  28,  1863. 

Works. — Two  concertos  for  pf.  and  or- 
chestra, op.  1  and  4 ;  Ode  to  charity,  1820  ; 
Four  sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  2,  etc. ;  Three  string 
quartets;  Rondos,  marches,  variations,  etc., 
for  pf. ;  Songs,  glees,  Cynthia  (1810),  etc. 

Griffith,  Frederic,  flutist,  born  at  Swan- 
sea, November  12,  1867.  His  talent  was 
displayed  at  an  early  age,  and  from  1881,  he 
won  several  prizes  at  Eisteddfodau  at  Mer- 
thyr,  and  other  places,  playing  both  piccolo 
and  flute.  Attracting  the  notice  of  leading 
musicians,  he  was  advised  to  enter  the  R.  A.I\I., 
where  he  studied  under  the  late  Olaf  Svend- 
sen.  Here  he  carried  off  all  the  Academical 
honours,  and  on  leaving,  in  1891,  was  elected 
an  Associate.  Further  studies  were  pursued 
in  Paris,  under  Taffanel.  Returning  to  Lon- 
don an  accomplished  artist,  he  gave  a  number 
of  recitals ;  and  in  1893,  appeared  in  the  pro- 
vinces, with  the  Melba  touring  party.  His 
executive  powers  are  very  great,  and  his  tone 
is  pure  and  unforced.  He  was  appointed,  in 
1895,  solo  flute  at  the  Royal  Italian  Opera, 
Covent  Garden.  Editor  of  Notable  Welsh 
Musicians,  London,  Goodwen,  1896. 

Griffiths,  F.  J.,  musician,  compiler  of 
"  Psalm  Tunes  and  Chants,  original  and 
selected,  arranged  for  four  voices,"  London 
,[1846]. 


GRIMSON. 

Griffiths.  John,  bass  vocalist,  born  about 
the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century.  He 
was  originally  a  parish  clerk  of  a  village  in 
the  Vale  of  Cly  wd.  Became  a  member  of  the 
Worcester  Cathedral  Choir,  and  was  one  of 
the  principal  singers  at  the  Three  Choirs' 
Festivals,  from  that  at  Gloucester  in  1784, 
to  the  year  1799.  He  remained  in  Wor- 
cester up  the  time  of  his  death,  under  tragical 
circumstances,  October  7,  1821.  At  the  Wor- 
cester Festival  he  sang  in  the  chorus,  and 
during  a  solo  by  Vaughan,  fell  back  in  a  fit, 
on  October  5,  and  expired  two  days  later.  He 
also  sang  in  the  Covent  Garden  oratorios, 
London.  His  voice  was  of  great  power,  and 
of  deep  compass. 

Griffiths,  Richard,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  about  1789  ;  died  at  London, 
July  18,  1850.  Composer  of  instrumental 
music,  and  compiler  of  "  Psalm  tunes  and 
chants,  original  and  selected,"  London,  1846. 

Griffiths,  Lieutenant  Samuel  Charles, 
son  of  a  colour-sergeant  in  the  Royal  Scots 
(Lothian)  Regiment  was  born  in  1847.  As  a 
boy  he  entered  the  band,  and  ultimately  be- 
came bandmaster,  in  1874,  of  the  second  bat- 
talion of  that  regiment.  In  ]\Iay,  1890,  he 
was  made  quarter-master  of  Sandhurst  Col- 
lege, and  in  December  appointed  after  com- 
petition, to  the  directorship  of  Kneller  Hall. 
He  died  suddenly,  while  out  walking  near  the 
hall,  October  31,  1895.  Author  of  "The 
IMilitary  Band  "  ;  and  "  Hints  on  the  Manage- 
ment of  Army  Bands." 

G rigor,  Alexander  Lockhart,  musician, 
born  Glasgow,  IMarch  28,  1853 ;  died  there, 
March  25,  1891.  Author  of  "Hints  and 
Maxims  to  players  on  Pianoforte,  Harmonium, 
etc.,"  Glasgow,  1883.  He  was  a  teacher  in 
Glasgow,  and  held  the  position  of  harmonium 
player  at  Oatlands  Church  there  for  some 
years. 

Grimshaw,  Arthur  Edmund,  composer 
and  organist,  born  1864,  in  Leeds,  where  he 
received  his  musical  training.  Since  1883 
he  has  been  organist  and  choirmaster  of  St. 
Anne's  R.  C.  Cathedral,  Leeds.  He  has 
composed  a  setting  of  Psalm  141,  for  soprano 
solo,  and  chorus,  produced,  January,  1885,  at 
Leeds,  and  some  Church  music.  Also  two 
operettas,  "El  Escribano,"  and  "  Amaran- 
thus,"  produced  at  Leeds  in  1891,  and  1892. 
Songs,  and  part-songs.  Two  Melodies  for 
string  orchestra,  produced  by  the  Leeds 
Symphony  Society,  December  11,  1893 ;  a 
Romance  for  violin  and  orchestra,  etc. 

Grimshaw,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
who  died  on  February  18,  1819.  Composer 
of  "  Twenty-four  hymns,  in  four  parts,"  Lon- 
don [1810] .     Songs,  etc. 

Grimson,  Samuel  Dean,  violinist  of  the 
present  time,  has  published  a  book  of  "  Tech- 
nical   Studies   for   the  Violin."     He   is   the 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


175 


GROOM. 

father  of  a  remarkable  family  of  musicians. 
Of  his  children,  Annie  is  a  pianist,  scholar  of 
the  R.C.il.  She  has  appeared  with  success 
at  various  concerts  since  1886,  and  has  com- 
posed a  symphony,  pieces  for  violoncello,  etc. 
Amy,  another  daughter,  pianist  and  violon- 
cellist, was  also  educated  at  the  R.C.M.  For 
some  time  she  played  in  the  Rev.  E.  H.  Mob- 
erley's  Ladies'  Orchestra,  and  is  favourably 
known  as  a  soloist.  Jessie  Gbimson  is  a 
violinist  of  repute,  and  other  members  of  the 
family  possess  musical  talent.  A  concert  was 
given  in  the  Queen's  (small)  Hall,  January 
21,  1896,  by  the  Grimson  family,  numbering 
eight,  when  Mendelssohn's  string  Octet  was 
played  under  possibly  unique  circumstances. 

Qroom,  William,  of  Ivinghoe,  composer, 
published  "Congregational  Melodies,  con- 
sisting of  a  new  set  of  psalm  aiid  hymn 
tunes  .  .  .  ,"  Ivinghoe,  1838 ;  Supplement, 
1839.  London  edition,  edited  by  Thomas 
Jordan,  1841. 

Groome,  W.,  author  of  a  "  Concise  treatise 
on  Music.  ^lusical  Harmony  and  Thorough- 
bass," London,  1870. 

Grossmith,  George,  vocalist  and  actor, 
who  has  become  famous  for  his  monologues 
and  sketches  given  in  London  and  throughout 
the  country.  From  1877  he  was,  for  some 
time,  associated  with  the  Gilbert- Sullivan 
operas,  appearing  in  "  The  Sorcerer "  when 
produced  at  the  Opera  Comique,  November 
17,  of  that  year.  He  was  also  occasionally 
with  the  German  Reed  party  in  the  provinces. 
His  official  position  was  that  of  Bow  street 
police-court  reporter,  a  post  held  by  his  father 
before  him.  Among  his  sketches  may  be 
named.  Cups  and  saucers,  1878 ;  Uncle  Samuel, 
operetta,  1881 ;  Drama  on  crutches,  1883, 
etc.  Songs :  Autocratic  gardener ;  Awful  little 
scrub ;  Cockney's  life  for  me ;  Gay  photo- 
grapher ;  Happy  fatherland ;  Haste  to  the 
wedding ;  ^luddle  puddle  porter ;  See  me 
dance  the  polka ;  Speaker's  eye,  etc.  He  has 
also  written  various  books,  such  as  his  own 
reminiscences  in  "  A  Society  Clown,"  and 
stories  in  conjunction  with  his  brother.  Wee- 
don,  the  popular  actor.  In  1888  he  published 
the  "  Autoiiiography  of  a  Society  Clown," 
Bristol,  Arrowsmith. 

Grosvenor,  Symeon,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Dudley,  January  11,  1816. 
He  was  a  pupil  of  Moscheles  and  Thomas 
Adams,  and  held  the  position  of  organist  of 
St.  Thomas'  Parish  Church,  Dudley,  from 
1836  to  1854.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon. 
in  1852.  He  died  at  Dudley,  July  8,  1866. 
Editor  of  "  Hymns,  Anthems,  Chants,  etc., 
as  used  in  the  services  of  St.  Thomas's  Church, 
Dudley,"  c.  1850.  He  wrote  some  music  for 
the  church  service. 

Grove,  Sir  George,  Kt.,  writer  on  music, 
born  at  Clapham,  Surrey,  August  13,  1820. 


GROVER. 

Educated  as  a  civil  engineer,  but  quitting 
that  profession  he  became  Secretary  to  the 
Society  of  Aits,  1850  ;  and  in  1852,  Sec  etary 
to  the  Crystal  Palace  Company,  an  office  he 
held  until  1873.  It  was  here  he  began  his 
long  service  to  music,  a  service  difficult  to 
over-estimate.  His  analytical  programmes 
gave  a  great  impetus  to  musical  study.  In 
1867,  he  visited  Vienna,  in  company  with 
Arthur  Sullivan,  and  recovered  Schubert's 
music  to  "  Kosamunde,"  lost  since  its  per- 
formance in  December,  1823.  On  leaving 
the  Crystal  Palace  he  was  associated  with 
the  publishing  firm  of  Macmillan  and  Co., 
and  edited  Macmillan's  Magazine  for  more 
than  15  years.  Other  details  of  his  long  and 
active  career  are  beyond  the  scope  ■^f  this 
work.  In  1882,  he  was  appointed,  by  H.R.H. 
the  Prince  of  Wales,  Director  of  the  Royal 
College  of  Music,  the  founding  of  which  owed 
much  to  his  strenuous  efforts.  In  1875,  the 
University  of  Durham  conferred  on  him  the 
degree  of  D.C.L. ;  on  the  opening  of  the 
R.C.M. ,  May,  1883,  the  Qneen  lionoured  him 
with  a  knighthood  ;  in  1885  he  was  made 
LL.D.,  Glasgow  ;  and  in  1887  he  was  elected 
on  the  Committee  of  the  Bach-Gesellschaft, 
'Leipzig.  He  resigned  his  Directorship  of  the 
R.C.M.,  in  November,  1894.  His  great  work 
is  the  Dictionary  of  Music  and  Musicians, 
4  vols.,  Macmillan,  1879-89,  which  he  edited, 
and  to  which  he  contributed  many  important 
articles.  He  wrote  an  appendix  to  Hellborn's 
Life  of  Schubert,  English  edition,  Longmans, 
1869  ;  published  in  1896,  Beethoven  and  his 
Nine  Symphonies,  Novello  ;  and  was  a  fre- 
quent contributor  to  the  musical  press. 

Grover,  George  F.,  teacher  of  singing, 
born  at  Clapham,  August  8,  1860.  Chorister, 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  from  1870,  where  he  was 
musically  educated  under  Sir  John  Goss,  Dr. 
Stainer,  F.  Walker,  and  Dr.  Martin.  Organist 
successively  at  St.  Michael's,  Poplar  ;  St. 
John's,  Wapping  ;  and,  from  1884,  St.  Peter- 
le-poor.  Old  Broad  Street.  Principally  en- 
gaged as  a  teacher  of  singing,  many  of  his 
pupils  holding  good  positions.  He  has  pub- 
lished a  sacred  cantata,  "  The  Raising  of 
Lazarus,"  produced  at  Tottenham,  in  1882 ; 
and  is  author  of  "  Musical  Hints  to  Clergy- 
men," London,  W.  Reeves,  1894.  He  has 
contributed  articles  to  various  musical  peri- 
odicals, among  them  a  series  of  biographical 
sketches  of  Old  English  Musicians,  in  Musi- 
cal Opinion,  Vols.  VIII.  and  IX. 

Grover,  Haydn,  composer  and  alto  singer, 
is  a  native  of  London.  He  has  sung  in  many 
churches  and  institutions  in  London  ;  was 
organist  of  Godstone  Parish  Church,  1879-80 ; 
and  is  now  a  teacher  and  concert-giver  in 
South  London.  Alto  in  the  Temple  Church, 
etc.  Composer  of  a  madrigal,  •'  Come,  nymphs 
and  shepherds."     Part-songs.     Songs:  "Sons 


176 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


GRUNEISEN. 

of  the  brave,"  "Soldier  boys,"  "FiU  the 
gleaming  sail,"  "  Lyric  of  love,"  "  In  dream- 
laud,"  etc.  ;  nmnerous  pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 
His  brother,  Herbert  Grover,  is  a  well- 
known  tenor  singer,  who  has  appeared  at 
conceits  in  London  and  the  provinces. 

Qruneisen,  Charles  Lewis,  musician 
and  critic,  born  at  London,  November  2, 1806 ; 
died  there  November  1,  1879.  Author  of 
"  The  Opera  and  the  Press,"  1869.  Memoir 
of  Meyerbeer,  London,   1848. 

Quenett,  Thomas  Harbottle,  pianist, 
born  at  Fleetwood,  Lancashire,  June  22, 1850. 
Pupil  of  Halle  and  Prout.  Settled  in  Mel- 
bourne, .\ustralia.  Professor  of  pianoforte  ; 
organist  of  Toorah  Presbyterian  Church. 
Musical  critic  of  the  Melbourne  Argus;  lec- 
turer on  musical  subjects.  Founder  of  the  | 
Melbourne  Popular  Concerts  of  Chamber 
Music,   1878. 

Guernsey,  Wellington,  lyric  poet  and 
composer,  born  at  I\Iullingar,  Ireland,  June 
8,  1817,  and  died  at  London,  November  13, 
1885.  Author  of  the  words  of  a  great  quantity 
of  songs,  chiefly  of  a  sentimental  kind,  of 
which  "  Mary  Blane,"  and  "  Alice,  w^here  art 
thou  ■?"  are  examples.  His  own  productions 
consist  chiefly  of  songs,  such  as  "  I'll  hang 
my  barp  on  a  willow  tree,"  but  he  has  written 
a  Mass  in  B  flat,  and  other  musical  works. 
He  also  issued  "  Old  Songs  of  Old  Ireland, 
with  symphonies  and  accompaniments,  by 
W.  Guernsey,  and  characteristic  words  by 
Jos.  Fitzgerald,"  London  [1843] . 

Guest,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds  in  1771.  Son  of 
Ralph  Guest.  He  studied  under  his  father. 
Chorister  in  Chapel  Royal.  Organist  at  Eye, 
Suffolk,  in  1787  ;  and  at  Wisbeach  in  1789. 
He  died  at  Wisbeach,  September  10,  1831. 
Wrote  glees,  hymns,  songs,  duets,  organ  music, 
etc. 

Guest,  Ralph,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Basely,  Shropshire,  1742.  Chorister 
in  Basely  Church,  and  in  Portland  Church, 
London,  1763.  He  studied  the  organ  under 
Ford  of  S.  James'  Church,  Bury,  and  was 
choir-master  of  S.Mary's, Bury  St.  Edmunds, 
1805-22.     He  died  at  Bury,  June,  1830. 

Works. — The  Psalms  of  David,  collection. 
Hymns  and  Psalms  suited  for  the  use  of 
Parish  Churches,  n.d.     Glees,  songs,  etc. 

Guildford,   Lord,  see  North,  Francis. 

Guinneth,  John,  see  Gwyxxeth,  John. 

Guise,  Richard,  musician,  born  in  1740. 
He  was  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal, 
and  a  lay-^•icar  and  master  of  choristers, 
Westminster  Abbey.  He  died  on  March  10, 
1808.  Composer  of  3  single  chants,  contained 
in  Vandernan's  "  Divine  Harmony,"  1770. 

Gunn,  Barnabas,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  the  end  of  the  17th  century.  He 
was  organist  of  St.  Philip's,  Birmingham,  till 


GUTTERIDGE. 

1730,  when  he  became  organist  of  Gloucester 
Cathedral,  succeeding  Hine.  He  wrote  Two 
cantatas  and  six  songs,  Gloucester,  1736. 
Sonatas  for  harpsichord,  etc.  He  died  at 
Gloucester  (?)  in  1743. 

Gunn,  John,  writer  and  violoncello  player, 
was  born  in  tbe  Highlands  of  Scotland  [Edin- 
burgb,  1765  ?j  Teacher  of  'cello  at  Cambridge, 
aud  in  London,  from  1789.  He  afterwards 
returned  to  Edinburgh,  and  married  Miss 
Anne  Young,  in  1804.     He  died  about  1824. 

Works. — An  Essay,  with  copious  examples, 
towards  a  more  easy  and  scientific  method  of 
commencing  and  pursuing  the  study  of  the 
Pianoforte,  with  the  principles  of  thorough- 
bass and  musical  science,  London,  n.d.  Forty 
favourite  Scotch  airs,  adapted  for  violin, 
German  flute,  or  violoncello,  with  the  phrases 
mark'd  .  .  supplement  to  the  examples  in 
the  theorv  and  practice  of  fingering  the  vio- 
loncello, London,  n.d.  The  theory  and  prac- 
tice of  fingering  the  violoncello,  containing 
rules  and  progressive  lessons  for  attaining 
the  knowledge  and  command  of  tbe  whole 
compass  of  the  instrument,  London,  1793 ; 
second  edition,  n.d.  Art  of  playing  the  Ger- 
man flute  on  new  principles,  n.d.  An  essay, 
theoretical  and  practical,  on  the  application 
of  harmonj-,  tborough-bass,  and  modulation, 
to  the  violoncello,  Edinburgh,  1801.  An  his- 
torical enquiry  respecting  the  performance 
on  the  harp  in  the  Highlands  of  Scotland, 
from  the  earliest  times  until  it  was  discon- 
tinued about  the  year  173 1  ;  to  which  is  pre- 
fixed an  account  of  a  verj'  ancient  Caledonian 
harp,  and  of  the  harp  of  Queen  Mary.  Edin- 
burgh 1807.  This  work  he  proposed  to  sup- 
plement by  An  enquiry  into  the  antiquity  of 
the  Harp,  etc.,  but  it  never  appeared.  School 
for  the  German  flute,  n.d. 

Gunn,  Anne,  horn  Young,  pianist  and 
writer,  wife  of  John  Gunn,  wrote  "  An  intro- 
duction to  music ;  in  which  the  elementary 
parts  of  the  science,  and  the  principles  of 
thorough-bass  aud  modulation,  as  illustrated 
by  the  musical  games  and  apparatus,  are  fully 
and  familiarly  explained,  with  examples  and 
complete  directions  for  playing  the  several 
games,"  Edinburgh,  1803 ;  second  edition, 
1820. 

Gunn,  William,  compiler  of  "  The  Cale- 
donian Repository  of  Music,  adapted  for  the 
bagpipes,  being  a  collection  of  strathspeys, 
reels,  jigs,  etc.,"  Glasgow ;  Four  editions  to 
1867. 

Gurney,  Edmund,  musician,  who  died 
at  Brighton,  in  June,  1888.  Author  of  "The 
Power  of  Sound,"  London,  1880,  and  several 
contributions  to  magazines  on  musical  sub- 
jects. 

Guthrie,  Mrs.  T.  A.,  see  Austen,  Au- 
gusta A. 

Gutteridge,  William,  organist, violinist, 


BKITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


177 


GUY. 

and  composer,  born  at  Chelmsford,  July  16, 
1798.  He  travelled  in  Belgium,  etc.,  in  1815. 
Organist  of  Private  Royal  Chapel,  Brighton 
Pavilion,  under  George  IV.,  William  IV.,  and 
Victoria ;  also  organist  of  St.  Peter's  Church, 
Brighton,  1828-1872.  Member  of  private  band 
of  George  IV.  Leader  of  orchestra  of  Brighton 
Theatre,  and  conductor  for  many  years  of 
Brighton  Sacred  Harmonic  Society.  He  was 
music-master  to  the  Duke  of  Cambridge.  He 
died  at  Brighton,  September  23,  1872.  Com- 
poser of  nocturnes,  galops,  rondos,  etc.,  for 
pf.,  numerous  songs,  etc. 

Guy,  Henry,  tenor  vocalist  and  composer, 
born  at  Oxford,  in  1847.  Student  and  Asso- 
ciate, R.A.M.  In  1876  he  was  appointed  a 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James's. 
He  sang  at  the  Worcester  Festival  of  1878  ; 
at  the  Alexander  Palace  in  1876 ;  and  has 
been  heard  at  the  chief  concerts  in  London 
and  the  provinces.  He  has  written  a  trio, 
"Reflection";  a  serenade,  with  violin  obbligato ; 
and  some  glees  and  songs. 

Quylott,  Robert,  composer,  born  in  1794, 
died  at  London,  December  18,  1876.  He 
wrote  songs  chiefly,  of  which  the  following 
are  among  the  principal :  All  remember  thee 
[1848] ;  Beggar's  petition ;  Bells  on  the  water ; 
Broken  vow  ;  Days  that  are  gone  ;  Down  the 
burn,  Davy  love  ;  Haste  to  the  woodlands ; 
In  the  pretty  spring  time  ;  Love  on  ;  Maid  of 
Llanwellyn  ;  Rose  shall  cease  to  blow  ;  and  a 
large  number  of  comic  and  other  songs. 
Glee,  The  orb  of  day,  etc.  He  also  issued  a 
"  Book  of  Melody,  and  drawing-room  com- 
panion," 1847. 

Qwilym,  Qwent,  see  Wix-liams,  Wm. 
Aubrey. 

Qwilt,  Joseph,  architect  and  musician, 
was  born  in  Surrey,  in  1784.  Architect  to 
the  Grocers'  Company,  London.  He  died  at 
Henley-on-Thames,  September  14,  1863.  He 
published  a  "Collection  of  Madrigals  and 
Motets,  chiefly  for  4  equal  voices,  by  the  most 
eminent  composers  of  the  16th  and  17th 
centuries  .  .  .  ,"  London,  1815  ;  and  wrote  the 
article  "Music"  in  the  "Encyclopaedia  Met- 
ropolitana."  He  also  compiled  a  valuable 
"  Encyclopaedia  of  Architecture,"  etc. 

Qwynneth,  or  Guinneth,  John,  mu- 
sician and  priest  of  the  16th  century.  One  of 
the  eminent  musicians  mentioned  in  Morley's 
catalogue.  He  graduated  !Mus.  Doc,  Oxford, 
in  1531,  and  in  1533  he  became  rector  of  St. 
Peter,  Westchepe.  Composer  of  Masses,  songs, 
etc. 

Qyde,  Margaret,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  in  London.  Studied  pianoforte  and 
composition  under  W.  C.  and  Sir  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren  ;  violin  under  F.  Ralph.  Sterndale 
Bennett  Prizeholder,  1879 ;  Potter  Exhib- 
itioner, 1880  ;  Lady  Goldsmid,  and  Thalberg 
Scholar,   1881.     A.R.A.M.,  1884.     Made   her 


HADDEN. 

debut  at  W.  Macfarren's  concert,  St.  James's 
Hall,  February  25,  1882,  when  she  played  his 
Concertstiick  in  E  minor.  She  has  played 
several  times  at  the  Crystal  Palace  concerts, 
including  the  Weber  centenary,  December  18, 
1886 ;  and  has  given  recitals  at  Steinway 
Hall,  1884-91.  In  1895,  she  established  the 
Kensington  Musical  Academy.  The  late 
Richard  Jefieries,  novelist  and  naturalist, 
was  her  first  cousin. 

WoBKS. — Pf.  and  violin :  Sonatas  in  G 
minor,  and  C  minor  ;  Suite,  Idylls  of  summer 
(two  books) ;  Scherzo  ;  Romanza  ;  Reverie, 
etc.  Impromptus  ;  Minuet ;  Tarantella,  and 
other  pf.  pieces.  Prelude  and  Fugue  in  G 
minor,  organ.  Seas  apart ;  The  bridge  of 
tears  ;  Love's  greeting,  and  other  songs,  etc. 

Habyngfton,  see  Abyngdon. 

Hackett,  Charles  Danvers,  composer, 
born  in  1812.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1850  Died 
London,  1858.  He  edited  "The  National 
Psalmist,  consisting  of  original  psalm  and 
hymn  tunes,  etc.,  composed  expressly  for  this 
work  by  the  most  eminent  authors  in 
England,"  London  [1839] ;  various  editions. 
"  Zion,"  a  sacred  cantata  [1853].  Original 
music  [1840] ,  etc. 

Hackett,  Maria,  musician,  born  Novem- 
ber 14,  1783  ;  died  Hackney,  London,  No- 
vember 5, 1874.  She  interested  herself  greatly 
in  the  education  of  cathedral  choir  boys,  and 
to  encourage  the  composition  of  church  music 
founded  the  Gresham  prize  medal,  in  1831. 
Author  of  "  A  brief  account  of  Cathedral  and 
Collegiate  Schools,  with  an  abstract  of  their 
statutes  and  endowments,"  London,  1827. 
"  A  memoir  of  Sir  Thomas  Gresham,  with  an 
abstract  of  his  will,"  1833,  anon.  "  Corres- 
pondence and  evidences  respecting  the  ancient 
Collegiate  School  attached  to  St.  Paul's  Cathe- 
dral." "  A  popular  account  of  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,"  London,  1816.     Songs,  etc. 

Hadden,  James  Cuthbert,  musician  and 
writer,  born  at  Banchory-Ternan,  near  Aber- 
deen, in  1861.  He  studied  under  private 
teachers  in  London,  and  in  1882  became 
organist  of  Mannofield  Parish  Church,  Aber- 
deen. He  was  appointed  organist  of  St. 
Michael's  Parish  Church,  Crieff,  in  1884,  and 
in  1889  went  to  Edinburgh  as  organist  of  St. 
John's  Parish  Church.  He  resides  in  Edin- 
burgh, and  is  ciiiefly  engaged  in  literary 
work. 

Works.— George  Frederick  Handel,  Lon- 
don, 1888.  Mendelssohn,  London,  1888.  Lays 
of  Caledonia,  a  collection  of  Scottish  airs 
arranged  for  the  harmonium,  Glasgow,  1883. 
Contributor  of  musical  and  other  articles  to 
the  Dictionary  of  National  Biography ;  Love's 
Scottish  Church  Music  ;  Scottish  Review, 
Quiver,  Cassell's  Magazine,  English  Illus- 
trated Magazine,  etc.    Editor  of  the  Scottish 


178 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HADDOCK. 

Musical  Monthly.  Editor  also  of  a  selection 
from  Hogg  the  Ettrick  Shepherd,  for  Bryce 
of  Glasgow  ;  and  author  of  a  work  on  Violin 
Collecting,  to  be  published  in  Redway's  Col- 
lector Series. 

Haddock,  George,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  Killingbeck,  near  Leeds.  His  father 
was  musical,  and  at  his  house  the  great  in- 
strumentalists who  visited  Leeds  often  met 
for  chamber  music.  The  son  began  his 
studies  at  an  early  age,  under  Bywater,  and 
in  1846  went  to  London.  There  he  had 
lessons  from  Henri  Vieuxtemps,  and  after- 
wards from  Molique.  Returning  to  the  north 
he  was,  for  many  years,  a  foremost  figure  in 
musical  life  in  Yorkshire.  He  was  the  first 
to  give  a  performance  of  "Elijah"  at  Brad- 
ford ;  and  as  a  teacher  he  has  sent  out  many 
players,  now  occupying  important  orchestral 
posts.  He  established  a  Music  School  at 
Bradford,  and  also  the  Leeds  College  of  Music, 
opened  in  1894.  He  is  author  of  "  A  complete 
Practical  School  for  the  Violin,"  3  vols., 
Schott  and  Co.  "  Major  and  Minor  Scales 
in  all  positions,  with  exercises  on  double 
notes,  octaves,  and  staccato  bowing,"  etc., 
Ashdown.  Fantasias  and  arrangements  for 
violin  and  pianoforte, 

Haddock,  Edgar,  son  of  the  preceding, 
violinist  and  composer,  was  born  at  Leeds, 
in  1862.  Studied  under  his  father,  and  in 
1884  started  a  series  of  "  Musical  Evenings  " 
at  Leeds,  which  have  been  continued  annually. 
He  appeared  the  same  year  at  York,  Halifax, 
and  elsewhere.  In  1891,  he  gave  a  series  of 
concerts  at  the  Steinway  Hall,  Loudon  ;  and 
at  the  Huddersfield  Subscription  Concerts  of 
that  year  (March  3)  was  associated  with  Herr 
Joachim  in  the  performance  of  Spohr's  violin 
duo  in  A  minor,  op.  67,  No.  1,  a  rare  compli- 
ment to  an  English  artist.  In  1896,  he  gave 
a  series  of  Historical  Recitals  at  Leeds.  At 
one  of  the  daily  concerts  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  March,  1885,  he  introduced  Gade's 
violin  concerto,  more  than  a  year  before  it 
was  placed  in  a  Saturday  concert  programme. 
The  composer  sent  Mr.  Haddock  an  autograph 
score  in  acknowledgment.  He  is  one  of  the 
directors  of  the  Leeds  College  of  Music.  His 
works  include  a  Practical  School  for  the 
Violin  ;  The  Students'  series  of  Violin  Solos ; 
Ballade  Norvegienne  ;  Sarabande  and  Tam- 
bourine, and  other  original  compositions  for 
violin.  His  brother,  G.  Percy  Haddock, 
violoncellist,  was  born  at  Leeds.  He  is  asso- 
ciated with  the  management  of  the  "  Musical 
Evenings  ;"  is  a  Director  of  the  Leeds  College 
of  Music ;  and  is  known  as  a  pianist  and 
organist.  He  has  composed  a  number  of 
songs,  of  which  may  be  named  "  The  Soul's 
awakening,"  with  accompaniment  for  pf., 
violin,  and  organ  ;  "  A  crown  of  thorns  ;"  and 
"  The  King  of  Kings."     He  has  also  written 


HAGUE. 

pieces  for  violin,  violoncello,  and  an  entr'acte 
for  orchestra.  A  magnificent  collection  of 
violins  and  violoncellos  is  in  the  possession  of 
this  artist  family.  Thomas  Haddock,  vio- 
loncellist, born  at  Leeds,  in  1812,  was  another 
member  of  the  family.  He  settled  in  Liver- 
pool, as  teacher  and  performer,  and  was  for 
man}'  years  principal  violoncellist  of  the 
Liverpool  Philharmonic  Society.  He  died 
September  22,  1893. 

Haden,  Arthur  C,  conductor  and  vio- 
linist, born  in  London,  in  1852.  Pupil  of  Sir 
John  Goss  and  Henry  Holmes.  Conductor  of 
the  Dundee  Ladies'  Orchestra.  His  composi- 
tions include  several  cantatas ;  Campsie  Glen  ; 
Bonnie  Lassie  ;  Two  Reveries  (with  violin 
obbligato),  and  other  songs  ;  Studies  ;  Air  and 
variations  for  clarinet  and  pf.,  etc. 

Hadow,  William  Henry,  composer  and 
writer  on  music,  born  at  Ebrington,  Gloucester- 
shire, December  27,  1859.  Educated  at 
Malvern  College,  and  Worcester  College, 
Oxford.  Studied  pf.  at  Darmstadt  (1882),  and 
composition  with  Dr.  C.  H.  Lloyd,  Oxford 
(1884-5).  Graduated  B.A.,  1882;  M.A.,  1885 T 
and  IMus.  Bac,  1890,  Oxford.  Fellow  and 
Tutor,  Worcester  College,  Oxford,  1888.  Lec- 
turer on  Musical  Form  (for  Sir  John  Stainer) 
1890-2,  Appointed,  1897,  to  edit  for  Claren- 
don Press,  a  forthcoming  series  of  works  on 
Musical  History. 

Works. — Hjthu,  Who  are  these  ?  for  soli, 
chorus,  strings,  and  organ;  Cantata,  The 
Soul's  Pilgrimage  (published  1886) ;  Anthem 
(Prize,  Curwen)  When  I  was  in  trouble  (1885); 
Songs ;  Quartet  in  E  flat,  strings  (1885) ;  Trio 
in  G  minor,  pf.  and  strings  (composed,  1887  ; 
produced,  Musical  Artists'  Society,  1890)  ; 
Sonatas  in  A  minor  (1886),  and  F  (1891),  pf. 
and  violin ;  Sonata  in  B  minor,  pf.  and  viola 
(1889) ;  Andante  and  allegro  in  F,  violin  and 
pf.  Sonatas  in  G  sharp  minor  (1884) ;  and 
A  flat  (1890),  for  pf.  Some  of  these  remain  in 
MS.  Author  of  Studies  in  Modern  Music, 
London,  Seeley  &  Co.,  1892 ;  Second  series, 
1894 ;  being  essays  on  Criticism,  Method, 
Berlioz,  Schumann,  and  Wagner ;  Chopin, 
Dvorak,  Brahms,  and  Outlines  of  LIusical 
Form.  Sonata  Form,  Novello's  Primers,  No. 
54  [1896]. 

Hafrenydd,  see  Williams,  Thomas. 
Hague,  Charles,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Tadcaster,  May  4,  1769.  He  studied 
the  violin  at  Cambridge  under  Manini,  1779- 
1785.  Removed  to  London  in  1785,  and 
studied  under  Salomon  and  Dr.  Cooke.  Mus. 
Bac,  Cantab.,  1794.  Professor  of  Music, 
Cambridge  University,  in  succession  to  Ran- 
dall, 1799.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1801.  He 
died  at  Cambridge,  June  18,  1821. 

Works. — Ode  performed  at  Cambridge  in 
June,  1811,  at  the  installation  of  the  Duke  of 
Gloucester  as  Chancellor  of  the  University; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


179 


HAIGH. 

By  the  waters  of  Babj'lou,  Psalm.  Glees  :  Two 
Collections ;  Arrangements  of  Haydn's  12 
symphonies  as  pf.  duets;  Plmnptre's  Collec- 
tion of  Songs,  moral,  sentimental,  instructive, 
and  amusing,  Cambridge,  1805.    Pf.  music,  etc. 

His  daughter  Harriot  (born  1793,  died 
1816)  published  in  1814  "  Six  Songs,"  with 
pf.  accomp. 

Haigh,  Thomas,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  at  London,  1769.  He  studied  music 
under  Haydn,  at  London,  1791-92.  Resided 
in  Manchester,  1793-1801.  Returned  to  Lon- 
don in  1801,  and  died  there,  April,  1808. 

Works. — Sonatas  for  pf.  and  violin,  op.  4, 
6,  8,  9,  10,  12,  15,  16,  24,  33,  34,  36 ;  Three 
sonatas,  pf.  duet,  op.  5  ;  Easy  sonatas  for  pf. 
duet,  op.  7 ;  Three  divertimentos,  op.  18 ; 
Three  sonatas,  pf.  and  flute,  op.  19;  Three 
sonatas,  op.  20  ;  Three. capriccios,  pf.,  op.  38  ; 
Three  serenatas,  do.,  op.  40;  Twelve  preludes; 
Twenty-eight  familiar  airs,  etc.,  pf.  ;  Twelve 
petites  pieces  for  the  pf.,  with  introductory 
preludes  to  each,  op.  32.     Songs  and  glees. 

Haite,  John  James,  composer  and  writer, 
who  died  in  London  in  October,  1874. 

Works. — The  Principles  of  Natural  Har- 
mony ;  being  a  perfect  system  founded  upon 
the  discovery  of  the  true  semitonic  scale, 
London  [1855].  Violoncello  Tutor,  London, 
n.d.  Oratorio,  operettas,  symphonies.  Glee 
Garland,  various  numbers.  Melodies  arranged 
for  flute  and  other  instruments.     Songs. 

Making,  Rev.  Ranulf  (Richard  ?),  com- 
poser, born  about  1830.  Ordained,  1861.  Mus. 
Bac.,  1855  ;  Mus.  Doc,  1864,  Oxford.  Some 
time  rector  of  Eaton  Gray,  Malmesbury ;  and 
of  Congham,  Norfolk,  1882.  Composer  of 
anthems :  Doth  not  wisdom  cry  ;  Lord,  let 
me'knowmyend,  etc.  Glees:  Twine  no  more 
the  cypress  wreath  ;  By  the  mossy  fountain  ; 
Song  of  the  old  bell ;  Welcome  home ;  and 
others.     Songs,  etc. 

Hale,  Thomas,  of  Darnhall,  Cheshire, 
musician.  Composed  "  Social  Harmony.  A 
collection  of  songs  and  catches,  in  two,  three, 
four,  and  five  parts.  Also  several  choice  songs 
on  Masonry,  all  with  the  music,"  London, 
1763  ;  3rd  edition  [1770] . 

Hale,  Mrs.  William  (Jeannie  M. 
Stevens),  pianist  and  vocalist,  born  in  Bir- 
mingham. Her  father,  Joseph  Stevens,  was 
an  energetic  member  for  years  of  the  Festival 
Conxmittee.  Miss  Stevens  sang  in  the  trio,"Lift 
thine  eyes,"  from  "Elijah,"  at  the  Birming- 
ham Festival  of  1849,  with  Miss  A.  and  Miss 
Williams.  She  was,  for  several  years,  solo 
pianist  and  principal  vocalist  at  the  Town  Hall 
Monday  Concerts.  She  played  to  Mendelssohn, 
who  gave  her  a  copy  of  Chopin's  studifes,  upon 
which  he  wrote  his  name.  For  many  years 
she  had  a  large  teaching  connection  in  the 
locality,  and  was  frequently  heard  at  chamber 
concerts,  etc.     Was  heard  as  a  pianist  in  Lon- 


HALL. 

don,  in  June,  1854 ;  and  sang  at  Boosey's  Ballad 
Concerts,  St.  James's  Hall,  1869.  She  is  now 
living  in  retirement  in  North  Wales.  William 
Machin,  the  bass  singer,  was  her  uncle. 

Hales,  William,  writer  on  acoustics, 
author  of  "  Sonorum  doctrina  rationalis  et 
experimentalis,  ex  Newtoni  opt.  physicorum 
scriptes,"  Dublin,  1778. 

Halford,  Qeorge  John,  organist,  pianist, 
and  conductor,  born  at  Chilvers  Coton,  War- 
wickshire, February  13,  1858.  His  early 
musical  studies  were  under  W.  Chater  (organ- 
ist of  Holy  Trinity,  Coventry;  died,  March  27, 
1880).  In  1875  he  went  to  Birmingham,  and 
studied  pianoforte,  composition,  etc.,  under 
Dr.  C.  S.  Heap.  F.R.C.O. ;  Mus.  Bac,  1892, 
Durham.  Has  been  organist  successively  of 
St.  ]Mary's  and  St.  George's,  Birmingham, 
1876-80 ;  St.  John's,  Wolverhampton,  1881 ; 
St.  Michael's,  Handsworth,  1886 ;  and  from 
1891,  of  Handsworth  Parish  Church.  Con- 
ductor of  the  Birmingham  Musical  Association 
from  1886,  now  formed  into  a  choir  bearing 
his  iiame ;  People's  Concert  Society,  Stour- 
bridge, 1886-91  ;  Philharmonic  Society, 
Redditch,  1890-4  ;  Birmingham  Amateur 
Orchestral  Society ;  and  the  Midland  Institute 
Madrigal  Choir.  He  has  introduced  many 
important  works  to  the  local  public,  notably 
Schumann's  "Manfred,"  produced  in  the 
Town  Hall,  April  16,  1896  ;  and  has  probably 
conducted  the  first  performance  in  this 
country  of  a  Symphony  in  a  parish  church, 
introducing  at  a  special  service  at  Handsworth 
Beethoven's  Symphony,  No.  1,  October  6, 
1892  ;  and  Schumann's  Sjonphony  in  B  flat, 
November  1,  1893.  He  has  composed  a 
cantata,  "  The  Paraclete,"  produced,  1891  ; 
Anthems,  part-songs,  etc.  A  concert  overture, 
1896  ;  organ  pieces,  etc. 

Hall,  Charles  King,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  in  1845.  Was  organist 
of  St.  Paul's,  Camden  Square  ;  St.  Luke's, 
Oseney  Crescent ;  and  up  to  the  time  of  his 
death,  at  Christ  Church,  Brondesbury.  He 
wrote  an  Evening  Service  in  E  flat,  performed 
at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  by  the  London  Church 
Choir  Association  in  1891,  and  other  church 
music.  The  Verger ;  A  Strange  Host ;  The 
Foster  Brothers,  and  other  operettas  produced 
at  the  German  Reed  Entertainments;  also  a 
cantata,  Beauty  and  the  Beast  ;  Songs,  pf. 
pieces,  etc.  Author  of  "  A  School  for  the 
Harmonium,  1874  ;  Estey  Organ  Tutor  ;  and 
a  primer  on  the  harmonium,  Novello.  He 
died  in  London,  September  1,  1895. 

Hall,  Rev.  Edward  Vine,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  ^laidstonc,  Kent,  June  11, 
1837.  Chorister  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1845-55,  and  assistant  organist,  1858-9. 
Graduated  B.A.,  1859;  M.A.,  1863,  Oxford. 
Appointed  Precentor  of  Worcester  Cathedral, 
in  1877,  and  held  the  office  till  1890,  when  he 


180 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HALL. 

became  vicar  of  Bromsgrove.  He  has  been 
Conductor  of  the  Worcestershire  Musical 
Union  from  1879.  His  voice  at  its  best  was 
a  light  tenor  of  sweet  tone  ;  and  he  has  fre- 
quently sung  at  the  concerts  of  the  "  Magda- 
len Vagabonds."  He  has  also  given  organ 
recitals,  and  lectures  on  music,  at  Worcester, 
Birmingham,  and  other  places.  His  compo- 
sitions include  a  Cantata  for  Lent ;  Two 
settings  of  the  Service  for  Holy  Communion  ; 
Two  of  the  Magnificat  and  Nunc  dimittis 
(one,  in  C,  performed  at  the  closing  service  of 
the  Worcester  Festival,  1881) ;  Praise  the 
Lord,  0  Jerusalem,  and  other  anthems ;  and 
a  part-song.  Waken,  lords  and  ladies  gay,  sung 
at  the  Worcester  Festival,  1878. 

Hall,  Elias,  musician,  compiled  "  The 
Psalm-singer's  compleat  Companion,"  Lou- 
don, 1708. 

Hall,  Q.  W.  L.  Marshall  =  composer, born 
in  Edgeware  Road,  London,  1862,  grandson  of 
the  famous  physician,  Dr.  Marshall  Hall. 
Educated  at  King's  College,  London,  and  ac 
Oxford.  Studied  music  at  R.C.M.,  and  in 
Switzerland  and  Germany.  Was  for  some 
time  master  for  foreign  languages  at  Newton 
College,  Newton  Abbott.  In  1888  he  was 
conductor  of  the  Choral  and  Orchestral 
Societies  of  the  London  Organ  School,  and  in 
1890,  was  elected  Ormond  Professor  of  Music, 
Melbourne  University,  Australia.  He  has 
founded  a  Conservatorium  of  Music  there, 
and  gives  an  annual  series  of  orchestral  con- 
certs. Papers  have  been  contributed  by  him 
to  the  musical  press.  His  compositions  are 
numerous,  including  three  operas,  of  which 
he  has  written  both  libretti  and  music : 
Leonard;  Dido  and  ^Eneas  ;  and  Harold.  A 
study  on  Tennyson's  "Maud";  an  overture 
in  G  minor  (Crystal  Palace,  1893)  ;  Idyll,  for 
orchestra ;  Quartets  for  strings  (one,  in  C, 
performed  at  Queen's  Hall,  London,  December 
20,  1895) ;  smaller  works,  songs,  etc.,  etc. 

Hall,  Henry,  organist  and  composer,  born 
at  New  Windsor  in  1G55.  Son  of  Capt.  Henry 
Hall.  He  was  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel  Royal 
under  Capt.  Henry  Cooke,  and  he  studied 
also  under  Dr.  Blow.  Organist  of  Exeter 
Cathedral,  1674,  and  organist  and  vicar-choral, 
Hereford  Cathedral,  1688.  He  took  holy 
orders  in  1698,  and  died  at  Hereford,  March 
30,  1707,  and  is  buried  in  the  cathedral.  He 
compo.sed  anthems,  Te  Deum  in  E  flat,  and 
other  church  music.  He  also  wrote  songs 
and  poems. 

His  son,  Henry,  was  organist  and  vicar- 
choral  of  Hereford  Cathedral,  and  William, 
another  son  (died  1700),  was  a  member  of  the 
King's  band  and  composer  of  songs. 

Hall,  H.  Foley,  composer  and  pianist, 
who  flourished  about  1820  and  1866.  He 
wrote  a  large  number  of  sentimental  songs, 
for  many  of  which  George  Linley  supplied  the 


HAMERTON. 

words.  Among  them  may  be  named  "  Ever 
of  Thee "  (1859) ;  "  Blame  not  the  heart  " 
(1860) ;  "  Far  from  those  I  love  "  ;  "  0,  yes, 
thou'rt  remember'd  "  ;  When  I  am  far  away  " : 
"  Still  in  my  dreams,"  etc.  He  also  wrote 
polkas  for  pf.,  etc. 

Hall,  John,  violinist  and  composer,  born 
at  Ayr,  about  the  end  of  the  18th  century. 
He  studied  the  violin  at  Edinburgh,  and 
returned  to  Ayr  as  a  teacher,  and  formed  a 
band,  consisting  of  himself,  his  brothers,  and 
others,  which  performed  at  all  the  principal 
gatherings  and  balls  in  Ayrshire.  In  1822  he 
played  in  Niel  Gow's  band  when  it  performed 
before  George  IV.  at  Edinburgh.  He  died  at 
Glasgow,  December  4,  1862.  He  published 
"  A  collection  of  quadrilles  and  waltzes  for  pf. 
and  violin,"  n.d.,  and  "A  selection  of  straths- 
peys, reels,  waltzes  and  Irish  jigs,"  Ayr,  n.d. 

His  brother,  James  (died,  Ayr,  1860),  played 
second  violin  in  his  band,  and  was  a  teacher 
of  dancing  in  Ayr  and  neighbourhood. 

His  youngest  brother,  Douglas  (died,  Ayr, 
1878),  was  a  violoncellist,  and  resided  in  Ayr 
as  a  teacher  and  performer. 

Hallewell,  FrederickJohn,  bassvocalist, 
born  in  Leeds,  1846.  Pupil  of  "  Joe  "  Wood, 
of  Huddersfield.  Appointed  solo  bass  at  Leeds 
Parish  Church,  1866  ;  to  York  Minster,  1867  ; 
and,  two  years  later,  to  New  College,  Oxford, 
where  he  remained  until  1880.  He  then  went 
to  Australia,  and  is  now  bass  at  St.  Mary's 
Roman  Catholic  Cathedral,  Sydney,  and 
engaged  in  teaching.  Was  considered  the 
finest  bass  singer  in  Australia. 

Halley,  T.  Douglas,  musician,  was  or- 
ganist of  St.  John's,  Wapping,  and  of  St. 
Paul's,  Shad  well,  London.  He  published 
"  Twelve  hymns  appropriate  to  charity  ser- 
mons .  .  .  ,"  London,  n.d. 

Hambois,  or  Hanboys,  John,  musician 
and  writer  of  the  15th  century.  Generally 
believed  to  have  been  the  first  English  mu- 
sician on  whom  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Music 
was  conferred.  He  is  supposed  to  have  re- 
ceived the  degree  in  1463,  but  there  is  no 
evidence  to  prove  that  he  graduated  either  at 
Oxford  or  Cambridge.  He  wrote  two  tracts 
in  Latin  :  Summum  Artis  Musices  and  Can- 
tionum  Artificialium  diversi  Generis,  etc. 

Hamerton,  William  Henry,  composer 
and  writer,  born  at  Nottingham,  in  1795. 
Chorister  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dub- 
lin. He  was  taught  music  under  T.  Vaughan, 
at  London,  1812.  Teacher  in  Dublin,  1814. 
Master  of  Choristers,  Christ  Church  Cathedral, 
Dublin,  1815.  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal, 
Dublin,  1823.  Teacher  in  Calcutta,  1829. 
He  is  supposed  to  have  died  at  Calcutta. 

Works  — St.  Alban,  opera,  Dublin,  1827. 
Vocal  Instructions  combined  with  the  theory 
and  practice  of  pianoforte  accompaniment, 
1824.     Anthems,  chants,  glees,  songs,  etc. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


181 


HAMILTON. 

Hamilton,  Sir  Edward  Walter,  Kt., 

composer,  son  of  Rt.  Rev.  Walter  Ker  Hamil- 
ton, Bishop  of  Salisbury  (1808-1869),  born 
July  7,  1847.  Educated  at  liton  and  Christ 
Church,  Oxford.  Studied  under  Dr.  Stainer, 
and  graduated  Mus.  Bac.  1867.  Appointed  a 
clerk  in  the  Treasury,  1870  ;  served  as  private 
secretary  to  the  Rt.  Hon.  R  Lowe,  1872-3  ; 
to  the  Rt.  Hon.  VV.  E.  Gladstone,  1873-4  ; 
appointed  principal  clerk  of  Financial  Division 
in  Treasury,  1885  ;  Assistant  Financial  Sec- 
retary, 1892 ;  and  Assistant  Secretary  to 
Treasury  in  1894.  Created  C.B.  in  1885,  and 
K.C.B.  in  1894.  Member  of  the  Council  and 
Executive  Committee  of  the  R.C.M.  His 
published  works  include  a  Sacred  Cantata, 
Praise  the  Lord,  0  my  soul  (degree  ex. )  ; 
sundry  songs,  singing  quadrilles,  pieces  for 
pf.,  etc. 

Hamilton,  James  Alexander,  writer 
and  composer,  born  at  London,  in  1785 ;  died 
there,  August  2,  1845. 

Works.  -  Cathechism  on  the  nature,  inven- 
tion, exposition,  development,  and  concatena- 
tion of  musical  ideas,  with  examples  from  the 
great  masters,  London,  1838  (various  edi- 
tions) ;  Catechism  on  the  art  of  writing  for 
an  orchestra,  and  on  playing  from  score,  with 
sixty-seven  examples,  1844  ;  second  edition, 
1846,  other  editions ;  Dictionary,  comprising 
an  explanation  of  3,500  Italian,  French,  Ger- 
man, English,  and  other  musical  terms, 
phrases,  and  abbreviations,  also  a  copious 
list  of  musical  characters,  London,  1849  (nu- 
merous other  editions) ;  The  same,  with  ap- 
pendix containing  John  Tinctor's  Termino- 
rum  Musicse  Diffinitorium,  edited  by  John 
Bishop ;  Modern  instructions  for  ihe  piano- 
forte, London,  1290  editions  said  by  publishers 
to  have  been  issued ;  New  musical  grammar, 
in  three  parts  (four  editions)  ;  Catechism  on 
double  counterpoint  and  fugue  ;  Practical 
introduction  to  the  art  of  tuning  the  piano- 
forte, etc.  ;  Catechism  of  the  organ,  with  an 
historical  introduction,  and  a  list  and 
description  of  the  principal  organs  in  Great 
Britain,  Ireland,  Germany,  France,  and 
Switzerland  (five  editions)  ;  Modern  instruc- 
tions for  singing,  containing  a  complete  com- 
pendium of  the  rudiments  of  music,  etc.  ; 
Easy  method  for  the  violoncello ;  Catechism 
for  the  violin ;  Harmonium  instruction  book  ; 
The  pupil's  new  daily  exercise,  containing  all 
the  scales  and  chords  in  their  respective  posi- 
tions ;  Method  for  the  double  bass,  .  .  London, 
1833 ;  Sacred  harmony,  a  collection  of  three 
hundred  and  fifty  standard  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,  London  [184.3] .  Psalms  and  hymns, 
in  the  order  they  are  appointed  to  be  sung  or 
chanted  in  cathedrals,  churches,  chapels,  etc., 
during  the  morning  and  evening  service  of 
the  Church  of  England,  with  explanatory 
notes  ;   An   introduction   to    choral   singing. 


HANCOCK. 

etCi ;  Order  of  chanting  the  morning  and 
evening  services,  according  to  the  Rubric  of 
the  Church  of  England  ;  Method  of  chanting 
the  Psalms,  as  used  in  the  service  of  the 
Church  of  England.  Compositions,  various, 
pf.  pieces,  glees,  songs,  etc. 

Hamilton,  David,  organ-builder  and 
writer,  born  at  Edinburgh,  April  2,  1803. 
He  was  organist  of  St.  John's  Episcopal 
Church,  Edinburgh,  for  many  years.  Died 
at  Edinburgh,  December  20,  1863.  Inventor 
of  the  pneuviatic  lever  action  for  organs,  and 
writer  of  musical  articles  in  the  old  edition  of 
"  Chambers'  Encyclopaedia."  He  also  com- 
posed a  few  organ  pieces,  and  edited  a  collec- 
tion of  chants.  He  edited,  with  J.  M.  Miiller, 
his  partner,  "  Harmonia  Sancta,  a  collection 
of  chants,  psalm  tuues,  sanctuses,  etc.,  adapted 
to  the  service  of  the  Episcopal  Church  of 
Scotland..  [1838];  Supplement  1858.  His 
j'Oungest  brother  Adam  was  born  in  Edinburgh 
and  is  an  organist  and  composer,  who  was 
conductor  of  the  Edinburgh  Choral  Union, 
1866-83,  and  other  societies.  He  studied  in 
Germany  under  F.  Schneider,  and  has  com- 
posed several  orchestral  works.  Also  editor 
of  "  The  Scottish  Orpheus,  a  collection  of  the 
most  admired  Scots  songs  arranged  with 
symphonies  and  accompaniments,"  Edin.,  n.d. 
His  son  Carl  Drechsler  Hamilton,  born 
at  Edinburgh  in  1846,  is  condvictor  of  the 
Edinburgh  Amateur  Orchestral  Society,  and 
a  violoncellist  of  great  merit.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Edinburgh  String  Quartet,  formed  in 
1890. 

Hamilton,  John,  musician  and  poet,  was 
born  in  1761,  and  died  at  Edinburgh,  Septem- 
ber 23,  1814.  He  was  a  music  seller  in 
Edinburgh,  and  wrote  several  well-known 
Scots  songs,  such  as  "Up  in  the  morning 
early,"  etc.  He  also  issued  "  A  Collection  of 
24  Scots  songs,  chiefly  pastoral,"  Edin.,  n.d. 
"  A  complete  repository  of  old  and  new  Scotch 
strathspeys,  reels,  and  jigs.."  Edin.,  n.d. 
"The  Caledonian  Museum,  containing  a 
favourite  collection  of  ancient  and  modern 
Scots  tunes  adapted  to  the  German  flute  or 
violin,"  Edin.,  n.d.,  3  books. 

Hamilton,  William,  musician  and  pub- 
lisher, was  born  at  Paisley  about  1812.  He 
was  established  as  a  music  publisher  in  Glas- 
gow for  a  number  of  years.  Died  at  Kirn, 
April  25, 1887.  Among  the  publications  issued 
by  Hamilton  may  be  named  the  "  British 
Minstrel  and  musical  and  literary  miscellany," 
Gla.sgow,  1842-44,  issued  in  parts.  "  The 
British  Harmonist,"  1847-48.  "  Select  Songs 
of  Scotland,"  1848,  etc.  He  was  a  musician 
and  poet,  and  wrote  songs  and  music  under 
the  pseudonym  of  William  McGavin. 

Hancock,  Charles,  musician,  author  of 
"  Accordion  Instructions,"  London  [1845] . 
"  Flute  Preceptor,"  London  1 1846] .     "  Violin 


1H2 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


HANCOCK. 

Preceptor,"  London  [1846] ;  also  "  Improved  " 
editions  of  these  works  in  1852  and  1853. 

James  Hancock,  a  mnsician  of  the  early 
part  of  this  century,  published  Hj'mn  Tunes 
and  Sacred  Odes  for  3,  4,  and  5  voices  London 
[1600] .  He  also  composed  anthems,  canons, 
etc. 

Hancock,  Charles,  organist  and  conduc- 
tor, born  at  Islington,  London,  January  4, 
1852.  Choir  boy  at  St.  Michaers,  Cornhill, 
1859,  under  R.  Limpus  {q  v.)  ;  and  in  1861 
elected  to  the  choir  of  St.  George's  Chapel 
Royal,  Windsor.  Articled  to  Sir  G.  Elvey, 
1867,  at  the  same  time  being  organist  at 
Datchet,  and  at  St.  Andrew's,  Uxbridge. 
Received  pianoforte  lessons  from  (Dr.)  Keeton, 
and  remained  as  assistant  to  Sir  G.  Elvey 
until  1875.  F.C.O.,  1872;  ]\lus.  Bac,  1874, 
Oxford.  In  July,  1875,  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  St.  IMartin's,  Leicester,  in  which 
town  he  still  resides.  He  is  conductor  of  the 
Leicester  New  Musical  Society ;  and  from 
1886,  of  the  Derby  Choral  Union,  and  actively 
engaged  as  a  teacher.  His  compositions  com- 
prise a  setting  of  Psalm  18,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra  ;  Organ  music,  Andante  in  A 
fiat,  Wesley  Prize,  College  of  Organists,  1887 ; 
Songs,  etc. 

Hanforth,  Thomas  WiSIiam,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Hunslet,  a  suburb  of 
Leeds,  March  6,  1867.'  Chorister  at  York 
Minster.  Articled  pupil  of  W.  H.  Garland, 
and  studied  later  i;nder  Dr.  Naylor.  Grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac,  1892,  Durham.  Assistant 
organist,  York  Minster  ;  Organist  to  the  late 
Archbishop  Thomson,  1885 ;  St.  ]\Iartins-le- 
Grand,  York,  1888  ;  Deputy  at  York  Minster, 
part  of  1891 ;  and  in  1892  succeeded  E.  H. 
Lemare  at  the  Parish  Church,  Sheffield. 
Conductor  of  Viscountess  Downe's  Madrigal 
Society,  1891 ;  Countess  of  Harewood's  Ladies' 
Choir,  1892-3.  His  compositions  are  :  Psalm 
1  for  soli,  chorus,  and  strings ;  Two  evening 
services,  anthems ;  Pieces  for  pf.,  and  for 
organ ;  and  music  for  the  Three  Masonic 
Craft  Ceremonies. 

Hann,  William  Henry,  viola  plajer. 
Musician  in  ordinary  to  the  Queen.  Member 
of  the  Philharmonic,  and  other  orchestras  ; 
and  for  many  years  in  the  band  of  the  Three 
Choirs  Festivals.  In  1895  he  succeeded 
Mr.  Doyle  as  principal  viola  in  the  Leeds 
Festival  orchestra.  Since  1886  he  has,  with 
his  sons,  Lewis  R.  Hann,  violinist,  A.R.A.M. ; 
Edward  Hopkins,  violinist ;  Sidney  H., 
A.R.A.M.,  pianist;  and  Clement,  A.R.A.M., 
violoncellist,  given  series  of  chamber  concerts 
at  Brixton,  which  have  had  considerable 
educational  value.  Wileiam  Charles  Hann, 
violoncellist,  pupil  of  Piatti,  is  a  player  of 
repute,  and  has  appeared  at  London  concerts 
■with  success. 

Hanway,    Jonas,    traveller   and    writer, 


HARDIMAN. 

born  at  Portsmouth,  in  1712;  and  died  in 
1786.  He  was  a  traveller,  and  occupied  much 
of  his  time  in  acts  of  benevolence.  Author  of 
"  Thoughts  on  the  importance  of  the  Sabbath, 
also  on  the  use  and  advantage  of  music," 
London, 1765. 

Harcourt,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  Norwich,  October  27,  1818.  After 
some  years  as  chorister  in  the  cathedral,  he 
was  apprenticed  to  Alfred  Pettet,  organist  of 
St.  Peter,  Mancroft ;  and  to  this  church  he 
was  appointed  in  1851,  after  holding  office  at 
some  other  churches.  Failing  health  com- 
pelled him  to  resign  in  1877.  He  was  for 
thiriy  years  organist  and  conductor  of  the 
Norwich  Choral  Society  ;  for  many  years 
organist  at  the  Triennial  Musical  Festivals, 
until  1872,  when  he  became  chorus  master, 
which  last  office  he  held  for  about  eight  years. 
He  was  a  fast  friend  of  the  composer,  H. 
Hugo  Pierson.  He  died  at  Norwich,  May  27, 
1883.  He  composed  a  Rondo  in  D,  for  or- 
chestra ;  Two  string  quartets  (one,  in  C, 
afterwards  published  as  a  Sonata  for  pf.  and 
violin)  ;  Thr^  e  movements  for  the  soft  stops, 
organ,  aud  some  arrangements  of  chamber 
music  for  that  instrument. 

J.  Arthur  Harcourt,  his  son,  was  born  at 
Norwich,  January  2,  18o2.  Received  his 
musical  education  from  his  father.  Organist 
and  choirmaster  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
Church  (cathedral),  the  nave  of  which  was 
opened  August  29,  1894,  erected  at  the  cost 
of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk.  He  has  written 
much,  but  his  compositions  remain  in  MS. 
They  include  an  operetta  "  The  science  of 
love "  (Clifford  Harrison),  performed,  Nor- 
wich, October,  1874;  Caitaa,  "The  return 
of  Spring"  (words  by  the  same),  Norwich, 
May,  1884  ;  Liturgical  music  ;  Twelve  songs  ; 
Four  duets,  etc.  A  concert  overture,  for 
orchestra  ;  organ  and  pianoforte  pieces,  and 
various  arrangements.  Ernest  Harcourt, 
brother  of  the  foregoing,  was  born  at  Norwich, 
January  25,  1860.  Chorister  and  solo  boy 
at  St.  Peter,  Mancroft.  Resident  in  Norwich, 
as  composer,  conductor,  violinist,  and  violon- 
cellist. In  1893,  founded  the  Norwich  Or- 
chestral Union,  which  gives  good  concerts 
in  St.  Andrew's  Hall  every  year.  Among  his 
compositions  are  an  oratorio,  "The  Deluge," 
op.  32 ;  Cantatas,  "  The  Chapel  bell,"  op. 
19  ;  "  An  Autumn  legend  "  (composed,  1890) ; 
Anthem,  "  And  in  the  sixth  mouth,"  op  34  ; 
and  a  part-song,  "A  song  of  welcome,"  all 
with  orchestral  accompaniment.  Arabesque^ 
for  orchestra  ;  Quintet  for  wood-wind  (Nor- 
wich, 1896)  ;  Chanson  in  F,  violoncello  and 
pf.,  performed  by  the  Musical  Artists'  Society, 
London,  May,  1893  ;  and  pieces  for  violin  and 
pf.,  etc. 

Hardiman,  James,  Irish  writer  and 
I\I.  R.  I.  A.,  was  a  native  of  Galway.     He 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


183 


HARDING. 

became  Librarian  of  Queen's  College,  Galway, 
and  died  there  in  1855.  Author  of  Irish 
Minstrelsy,  or  Bardic  remains  of  Ireland ; 
with  English  poetical  translations,  collected 
and  edited  with  notes  aud  illustrations,"  Lou- 
don, 2  vols.,  1831. 

Harding,  Henry  Alfred,  organist,  born 
at  Salisbury,  July  25,  1855.  Studied  under 
Dr.  Abram,  Dr.  Keeton,  and  Dr.  C.  W.  Corfe. 
Graduated  :Mus.  Bac.  1877  ;  Mus.  Doc.  1882, 
Oxford.  F.R.C.O.  ;  L.R.A.M.  (organ),  1895. 
Examine ■•  for  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians.  Organist  of  Sidmouth  Parish 
Church,  aud  conductor  of  Sidmouth  Choral 
Society  for  some  years.  Organist  and  director 
of  the  choir  Bedford  Parish  Church,  and  Cor- 
poration organist.  His  compositions  include 
Psalm  106,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra. 
and  an  oratorio,  St.  Thomas  (University  ex. 
Mus.  Doc.) ;  Morning  service  in  D,  etc.  He 
has  published  some  songs  and  pf.  pieces,  and 
is  author  of  Analysis  of  Form,  as  displayed 
in  Beethoven's  thirty-two  pianoforte  sonatas, 
Novello,  1890. 

Hare,  Amy,  pianist,  born  at  Taunton, 
Somerset.  Studied  at  R.  A.M.,  winning  the 
extra  Bennett  Prize,  1880 ;  and  the  Potter 
exhibition,  1881.  A.R.A.M.  Appeared  as 
solo  pianist  at  the  Gloucester  Festival,  1883. 
Toured  in  Germany  with  success,  1886-7  ;  and 
visited  America  in  1889.  Gave  recitals  at 
Taunton  and  other  places  in  1893,  and  settled 
in  Washington,  U.S..\.,  in  that  year.  She 
was  again  in  England  in  1895-7,  and  played 
at  St.  James's  and  tlie  Queen's  Hall. 

Harford,  Rev.  Frederick  K.,  amateur 
musician,  born  at  Clifton,  Bristol,  in  1832. 
Educated  at  Rugby  School,  and  at  Oxford. 
Ordained  1856.  Chaplain  to  the  Bishop  of 
Gibraltar  ;  appointed  a  Minor  Canon  of 
Westminster  Abbey,  1S62.  He  has  composed 
several  settings  of  the  Te  Deum  a.nd  Jubilate  ; 
an  evening  service,  and  a  number  of  anthems. 
A  cantata,  "  Haroun  al  Raschid,"  produced 
1884  ;  Marches  and  other  pieces  for  orchestra. 
"  Schlummerlied,"  and  various  songs.  He 
was  active  in  the  attempt  to  popularize  the 
National  Anthem  in  Ii  dia,  and  prepared  a 
version  that  was  performed  at  the  Albert 
Palace,  on  June  20,  1887.  He  was  the  pro- 
jector of  the  "Guild  of  St.  Cecilia,"  an  asso- 
ciation having  for  its  object  the  emploj'ment 
of  music  as  an  aid  in  illness.  An  experi- 
mental concert  was  given  in  Westminster 
Palace    Hotel.   September  14,  1891. 

Hargitt,  Charles,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  in  York,  in  1804.  First  studied  under 
his  uncle  (Charles  Hargitt,  died  1865),  and 
played  in  public,  a  concerto,  when  eleven 
years  of  age.  A  few  j'ears  later  he  studied 
pianoforte  with  Charles  Knyvett,  harmony 
with  Dr.  Crotch,  and  had  violin  lessons  from 
Spagnoletti.     He  played  for  three  years  in  the 


HARKER. 

band  at  the  Ancient  Concerts.  His  London 
debut  as  a  pianist  was  at  C.  Knyvett's  concert 
at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms,  May  18,  1821, 
when  he  played  Field's  concerto,  "The  Storm," 
for  the  first  time  in  England.  Subsequently 
he  studied  under  Moscheles.  Upon  the 
advice  of  his  intimate  friend,  J.  B.  Cramer, 
he  settled  in  Edinburgh,  where  for  nearly 
fifty  years  he  occupied  the  leading  position 
as  professor.  He  was  passionately  fond  of 
pictures,  and  his  collection  was  considered  one 
of  the  sights  of  Edinburgh.  His  compositions 
were  numerous,  his  arrangements  and  varia- 
tions being  the  best  known.  The  Musical 
Beauties  of  Scotland,  and  the  songs  "  The 
last  rose,"  and  "  My  soul  doth  long,"  may  be 
mentioned.  After  retiring  from  the  profession 
he  resided  in  Liverpool,  where  he  died,  in  1880. 

Hargitt,  Charles  John,  son  of  the  pre- 
ceding, was  born  in  Edinburgh,  in  1833. 
Studied  under  his  father,  Charles  Halle, 
G.  A.  Macfarren,  and  Ferdinand  Hiller.  Was 
organist  of  St.  Mary's  Catholic  Church,  Edin- 
burgh. Founder,  and  up  to  1862,  Conductor 
of  the  Edinburgh  Choral  Union.  In  1862  he 
went  to  London,  where  he  continues  to  reside ; 
and  has  conducted  oratorio  and  other  concert 
performances.  He  organised  the  Royal  Albert 
Hall  Choral  Society,  of  which  he  was  sub- 
conductor  to  Gounod. 

WoEKS. — Opera,  Coronet  or  Crown  ;  Two 
operettas ;  Cantata,  '  The  Harvest  Queen  ; 
Overtures,  marches,  and  incidental  music  to 
plays  ;  Church  music.  Song,  The  Mitherless 
Bairn ;  The  Last  Good-night ;  A  Parting  Gift, 
etc.  Melody  for  trombone  and  organ ;  Pf. 
pieces,  etc.  Scotch  airs  harmonised ;  Part- 
songs,  etc. 

Hargreaves,  George,  musician  and  artist, 
son  of  Thomas  Hargreaves,  the  famous  minia- 
ture painter,  born  at  Liverpool,  1799.  He  died 
at  Liscard,  Cheshire,  in  1869.  Best  known  as 
the  composer  of  numerous  prize  glees.  He 
wrote  masses,  an  opera,  songs.  The  Battle  of 
]\Iuta  ;  The  Breathings  of  Song,  eight  songs  ; 
Hours  of  Beauty,  glee,  5  voices,  etc.,  and  had 
some  little  renown  as  a  miniature  paiiiter. 

Harington  Henry,  M.D.,  composer  and 
phj'sician,  born  at  Kelston,  Somersetshire, 
September  29, 1727.  Entered  Queen's  College, 
Oxford,  1745  ;  B.A.,  1748.  M.D.  and  M.A., 
Oxon.  Member  of  Oxford  Musical  Society. 
Physician  at  Wells  and  Bath.  He  established 
a  Musical  Societj'  there,  and  atone  time  held 
office  as  Mayor  of  Bath.  He  died  at  Bath, 
January  15,  1816. 

Works.— Three  Books  of  Glees,  1770,  1785, 
and  1797;  Single  Glees;  Songs;  Anthems; 
The  hymn  tune  "Harington,"  or  "Retire- 
ment," etc. 

Harker,  W.,  musician,  authorof  "Practical 
Grammar  of  Music,"  London,  1830-36.  "Ele- 
ments of  Vocal  Music,"  London,  1845. 


184 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HAELAND. 

Harland,  Robert  Holland,  vocalist  and 
writer,  born  in  Yorkshire,  about  1822.  He 
settled  in  Glasgow  as  a  teacher  of  music,  and 
died  there,  October  7,  1889.  He  composed  a 
number  of  songs,  and  wrote  a  "  Treatise  on 
Singing,  in  which  the  rules  of  sol-fa  notation, 
or  learning  to  sing  bj-  notes,  are  explained  by 
examples  calculated  to  render  sight-singing 
simple  and  easy,"  Glasgow,  1881. 

Harmston,  John  William,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  in  London,  1823  ;  died  Lubeck, 
August  26,  1881.  Composer  of  an  immense 
number  of  pianoforte  pieces,  such  as  "  Le  jet 
d'eau,"  op.  193  ;  La  belle  Rosiere,"  op.  195  ; 
"  Danse  des  Sylphes,"  op.  196  ;  Les  Naiades," 
op.  211,  etc.,  chiefly  printed  by  foreign  pub- 
lishers. 

Harper,  Charles  Abraham,  horn  player, 
second  son  of  Thomas  Harper,  was  born  in 
London,  in  1819.  For  many  years  he  was 
the  principal  performer  on  his  instrument  in 
the  leading  English  orchestras,  occupying  the 
post  of  first  horn  at  the  Royal  Italian  Opera 
for  thirty  years.  He  retired  from  the  pro- 
fession in  1886, — his  last  appointment  being 
in  the  orchestra  of  the  Savo}'  Theatre, — 
receiving  from  his  colleagues  a  handsome 
token  of  their  esteem.  Charles  A.  Harper 
died  in  London,  January  5th,  1893. 

His  brother,  Edmund  Bryan  Harper  (born 
about  1817  ;  died  at  Hillsborough,  Ireland, 
May  18,  1869),  was  also  a  noted  horn  player, 
and  had  some  reputation  as  an  organist  (he 
was  organist  to  the  Marquis  of  Downshire) 
and  composer  of  vocal  music.  Among  his 
songs  may  be  named  "  A  bandit's  life  is  the 
life  for  me,"  1868;  "Love's  whisper"  ;  "Many 
years  ago  "  ;  "  Truth  in  absence,"  ebc.  He 
also  composed  pf.  music.  He  married  Mari- 
anne Lincoln,  the  vocalist  (q.v.). 

Harper,  Rev.  John,  clergyman,  author 
of  "  The  natiire  and  efhcacy  of  Musick  to 
prepare  the  mind  for  good  impressions,"  a 
sermon  ;  London,  1830. 

Harper,  Thomas,  trumpet  player,  born 
Worcester,  May  3,  1787.  Studied  in  London, 
under  Elvcy, "  1798.  :Member  of  the  East 
India  Volunteer  Band.  Principal  trumpet- 
player  at  Drury  Lane  and  English  Opera 
House.  Played  at  Birmingham  Musical 
Festival,  1820.  Inspector  of  musical  instru- 
ments for  the  East  India  Company.  Principal 
trumpet-player  at  Royal  Italian  Opera,  and 
at  Concert  of  Ancient  Music.  He  died  at 
London,  Jannary  20,   1853. 

He  wrote  an  Instruction  Book  for  the 
Trumpet;  "School  for  the  Cornet-a-piston," 
London  [1865],  and  compiled  a  number  of 
books  of  selections  for  that  instrument,  the 
Kent  bugle,  etc.  He  also  arranged  airs  for 
the  bugle. 

His  son,  Thomas  John,  born  London,  1816, 
entered  the  R.A.M.  in  1830,  studying  violin 


HARRIS. 

and  pf.,  in  addition  to  the  trumpet.  He  was 
for  a  time  violinist  in  the  opera  band  at  Her 
Majesty's  Theatre.  As  a  trumpet-player  he 
was  early  in  arriving  at  a  high  position. 
Associated  with  his  father  in  the  principal 
orchestras  and  festivals,  he  succeeded  him  as 
the  first  trumpet-player  of  the  day.  His  last 
Festival  appearance  was  at  Hereford,  1885. 
He  was  for  a  long  time  a  professor  -at  the 
R.A.il.,  of  which  institution  he  is  a  Fellow. 

Harper,  William  Henry,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  August  26,  1845. 
He  is  accompanist  to  the  South  London 
Choral  Association,  and  the  composer  of 
several  songs  and  pf.  pieces ;  "  Hunters' 
chorus";  ■' 'Tis  lone  on  the  waters,"  and 
other  part-songs,  etc. 

Harraden,  R.  Ethel,  Mrs.  Frank 
Glover,  composer  of  the  present  time.  Her 
works  comprise  an  operetta,  "  His  last 
chance";  A  cantata,  "Pearl,"  for  treble 
voices  ;  Chorus,  "  Over  the  sea  our  galleys 
went,"  performed  by  the  Browning  Society, 
November  28,  1884;  The  lover's  leap;  Waking 
and  dreaming  ;  Gaydon  Inn,  and  many  other 
songs.  Two  melodies  ;  Gavotte  ;  Legende, 
for  violin  and  pf.,  etc.  Her  sister,  Beatrice 
Harraden,  is  a  skilful  performer  on  the 
violoncello,  but  is  better  known  as  the  writer 
of  "  Ships  that  pass  in  the  night,"  "In  vary- 
ing moods,"  and  other  works.  Herbert 
Harraden  is  a  composer,  pianist,  and  lyric 
author.  He  wrote  the  book  of  the  operetta 
named  above,  and  has  published  some  songs, 
etc. 

Harrington,  Henry,  see  Harington, 
Henry. 

Harris,  George  Frederick,  Rudolf 
NoRMANN,  organist  and  composer,  born  at 
London  in  1796.  For  45  years  he  was  organ- 
ist of  St.  Lawrence,  Jewry,  London.  He  died 
at  London,  November  21,  1867.  Under  the 
pseudonym  of  Rudolf  Normann,  he  published 
many  arrangements  for  the  pianoforte  and 
organ. 

Harris,  James,  M.P.,  author  and  ama- 
teur comj)oser,  born  at  Salisbury,  in  1709, 
died,  December  22,  1780.  Author  of  "  Three 
Treatises — Music,  Painting,  and  Poetry,"  etc., 
London,  1744.     5  editions  issued  to  1792. 

Harris,  Joseph  John,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  London,  in  1799.  Chorister  in 
Chapel  Roval.  Organist  of  S.  Olave's  Church, 
South wark,  1823 ;  of  Blackburn  Church,  1828 ; 
and  choirmaster  of  Collegiate  Church,  Man- 
chester. He  became  organist  of  the  Cathedral 
in  1848.  He  died  at  Manchester,  February 
10,  1869. 

Works. — Selection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn 
Tunes,  adapted  to  the  psalms  and  hymns  used 
in  the  Church  of  S.  Olave,  Southwark,  1827 ; 
Four  glees  [1837] ;  Anthems  ;  Songs,  etc.  ; 
The  Musical  Exposition,  a  guide  for  parents 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


185 


HARRIS. 

in  their  choice  of  qualified  teachers  of  music, 
8vo,  1845. 

His  son,  Joseph  Thorne  Harris  (1828- 
1869),  was  also  a  musician. 

His  brother  James,  born  1797,  died  at 
Lewisham,  April  13,  1875.  Graduated  as 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  in  18.33. 

Harris,  Joseph  Macdonald,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  London,  in  1789.  He 
was  a  chorister  in  Westminster  Abbey,  and  a 
pupil  of  Robert  Cooke.  In  1843  he  had  to  be 
confined  in  a  lunatic  asylum.  He  died  in  May 
[1860] .  Wrote  songs,  duets,  and  pf.  music. 
Published  five  vocal  trios  [1817] ;  Six  glees 
f  1812] .  "  Select  portions  of  the  Psalms, 
a  collection  of  metrical  versions,  with  sixty 
psalms  and  fifty  hymns  by  the  most  approved 
authors.  By  Montague  Burgoyne.  The 
music  newly  harmonised  and  arranged  for  1, 
2,  or  3  voices  by  J.  M.  Harris,"  London, 
2  vols.,  1827. 

Harrison,  Annie  Fortescue,  see  sub. 
Hill,  Lord  Arthur. 

Harrison,  John,  watchmaker  and  writer, 
born  at  Poulby,  Yorkshire,  1693 ;  died  at 
London,  March  24,  1776.  Author  of  a  work 
entitled  "  A  description  concerning  such 
mechanism  as  will  afford  a  nice  or  true 
mensuration  of  Time,  with  an  account  of  the 
discovery  of  the  scale  of  music."  London, 
1775.  He  invented  an  improved  chronometer 
and  was  a  celebrated  mechanician. 

Harrison,  John,  musician  and  organist, 
was  born  at  Canterbury,  in  1808.  He  was  a 
pupil  of  Goodban  and  Field,  and  was  for 
■eighteen  years  organist  of  St.  Andrew's 
Church,  Deal.  He  died  at  Deal,  February 
21,  1871.  Compiler  of  "Sacred  Music,  a 
selection  of  Psalm  tunes  from  the  works  of 
Bach,  Handel,  etc.,"  1838.  "  Chants  ar- 
ranged for  four  voices,  or  a  single  voice," 
■etc. 

Another  John  Harrison,  of  Malton,  York- 
shire, issued  "  Original  Sacred  Melodies," 
Malton,  1865 

Harrison,  Rev.  Ralph,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Chinley,  Derbyshire,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1748.  He  was  minister  of  Cross 
Street  Unitarian  Chapel,  Manchester,  from 
1777  till  1810.  He  died  at  Manchester,  No- 
Tember  4,  1810.  Compiler  of  "  Sacred  Har- 
mony, a  collection  of  Psalm  tunes,  ancient 
and  modern,  set  in  four  parts  .  .  ,"1784-91, 
2  vols.  This  contains  the  well-known  psalm- 
tunes,  "  Warrington,"  "Ridley,"  and  "  Peter- 
borough," all  by  Harrison. 

Harrison,  Samuel,  tenor  vocalist,  born 
at  Belper,  Derby,  September  8,  1760.  Ap- 
peared as  treble  singer  at  the  Concert  of 
Ancient  Music,  1776-78.  Sang  at  Handel 
■Commemoration,  1784.  Tenor  at  Concert  of 
Ancient  Music.  Married  Miss  Cantelo,  1790. 
Established   (with  Knyvett)  the  Vocal  Con- 


.     HARROP. 

certs,  1791-4.  He  died  at  London,  June  25, 
1812. 

Was  one  of  the  most  popular  tenor  singers 
of  his  time,  and  was  particularly  successful 
in  ballad  singing. 

Harrison,  William,  tenor  vocaHst  and 
composer,  born  at  Marylebone,  London,  June 
15,  1813.  He  made  his  first  public  appearance 
in  1836,  and  afterwards  studied  at  the  R.A.M., 
1836-7.  He  sang  at  Sacred  Harmonic  Society 
concerts  ;  debtit  in  opera,  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre, in Rooke's "Henrique."  Established, 
with  Miss  Louisa  Pyne,  "  The  English  Opera 
Company,"  1856.  Sang  in  tenor  roles  in 
operas  by  Balfe,  Wallace,  Benedict,  Mellon, 
etc.  He  died  at  London,  November  9,  1868. 
He  composed  an  operetta,  "  Les  noces  de 
Jeannette,"  and  a  number  of  songs,  but  is 
best  remembered  as  an  encourager  and  pro- 
moter of  national  English  opera.  He  pro- 
duced Balfe's  "Bohemian  Girl";  "Rose  of 
Castille,"  etc.,  and  Wallace's  "  Maritana " 
and  "  Lurline." 

Harrison,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Lichfield,  in  1841.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  Lichfield  Cathedral,  and  after- 
wards a  music  teacher  at  Rugby  School,  and 
at  Liverpool.  In  1867  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  St.  James's  Church,  at  Leith,  and 
he  was  also  conductor  of  the  Dunfermline 
Choral  Society.  He  composed  a  Jubilee  Ode, 
words  by  W.  B.  Baildon,  1887.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  June  21,  1889. 

Harriss,  Charles  Albert  Edwin,  organist 
and  composer,  born  in  London,  December  15, 
1862.  Son  of  Edwin  Harriss,  sometime 
organist  of  St.  Mark's,  Wrexham,  where  he 
was  a  chorister  at  the  age  of  eight.  Elected 
Ouseley  Scholar,  St.  Michael's  College,  Ten- 
bury,  1875.  Was  assistant  organist  at  St. 
Giles  Parish  Church,  Reading,  1880 ;  and  in 
1881,  appointed  to  the  Parish  Church,  Welsh- 
pool, and  private  organist  to  the  Earl  of 
Powis.  In  1883,  father  and  son  settled  in 
Montreal,  Canada,  and  soon  imparted  new 
vigour  to  the  musical  life  of  the  place. 
Charles  was  appointed  organist  and  rector- 
chori  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  and  later 
to  the  Church  of  St.  James  the  Apostle,  which 
became,  by  his  exertions,  famous  for  the  excel- 
lence of  its  musical  services.  A  glee  and 
madrigal  society  was  also  established.  His 
cantata,  "  Daniel  before  the  King,"  produced 
by  the  Montreal  Philharmonic  Society  in 
1890,  was  the  first  published  work  of  the  kind 
by  a  composer  resident  in  Canada.  He  has 
also  written  an  opera,  "  Torquil,"  produced 
Montreal,  1896 ;  a  large  number  of  anthems, 
songs,  pf.  and  organ  pieces.  As  an  extempore 
player  on  the  organ  he  has  a  high  reputation. 

Harrop,  Sarah,  Mus.  Joah  Bates,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  in  Lancashire,  and  was  origin- 
ally employed  in  a  factory  at  Halifax.     She 


186 


BfilTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


HARROWAY. 

studied  under  Sacchini  and  Dr.  Howard. 
Married  to  Joah  Bates,  1780.  She  sang  at  all 
the  principal  London  concerts  and  festivals. 
Died  in  London,  Deceniljer  11,  1811. 

Harroway,  John,  composer  and  con- 
ductor, born  about  1809 ;  died,  January  25, 
1857.  He  composed  music  for  numerous 
comic  and  other  songs  by  Sam  Cowell,  J.  E. 
Carpenter,  etc.,  such  as  "  Alonzo  the  brave  "  ; 
"  That's  the  way  the  money  goes  "  ;  "  Who's 
your  hatter  ?"  etc.  He  also  published  much 
dance  music. 

Hart,  Charles,  composer  and  organist, 
born  ^lay  19,  1797.  Studied  at  the  lloyal 
Academy  of  Music  under  Crotch.  Organist 
successively  of  St.  Duustan's,  Stepney,  1829- 
33  ;  Tredegar  Square  Church,  and  St.  George's, 
Beckenham.  He  died  at  I  ondou,  March  29, 
1859. 

Works.  —  Omnipotence,  oratorio,  1839. 
Three  anthems  dedicated  lo  Dr.  Crotch.  Te 
Deum  and  Jubilate  in.C  ( Gresbam  prize  com- 
position, 1831).     Cilees,  songs,  etc. 

Hart,  Qeorge,  violinist  and  writer,  born 
in  London,  March  28,  1839.  He  studied  at 
the  Royal  Academy  of  Music  under  Sir  G.  A. 
Macfarren  and  M.  Sainton.  While  a  fine 
violinist,  he  was  better  known  as  a  judge  of 
the  instrument  and  as  a  maker.  He  succeeded 
to  Ills  father's  business,  and  became  head  of 
the  firm  of  Hart  and  Son,  Wardour  Street, 
London.  Author  of  two  valuable  works  :  The 
Violin,  its  famous  mikers,  and  heir  imitators, 
London,  Dulau,  1875  ;  and  The  Violin  and 
its  music,  London,  Novello,  1881.  The  first 
has  ])Hssed  through  several  editions,  and  was 
published  in  French,  in  1886.  He  died  in 
London,  April  25,  1891. 

Hart,  Joseph  Binns,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  i.ondon,  in  1794.  Chorister  in 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral  in  1801.  He  studied 
under  John  Sale,  S.  Wesley,  M.  Cooke,  J.  B. 
Cramer,  and  Aitwood.  J 'eputy  organist  to 
Attwood  at  St.  Paul's.  1805.  Org  nii-t  at 
Walthamstow,  and  at  Tottenham.  Chorus- 
master,  English  Opera  House,  Lyceum,  1818 
20.  ]\Iusic-seller  in  Hastings,  1829.  Organist 
St.  Man's  Chapel,  Hastings.  He  died  at 
Hastings,  December  10,  1844. 

Works — Dramatic  Music  :  Amateurs  and 
actors,  1818 ;  A  walk  for  a  wager,  1819  ;  The 
Bull's  head,  1819;  The  Vampire,  1820.  Sets 
of  quadrilles,  waltzes,  lancers,  etc.;  An  easy 
mode  of  teaching  thorough-bass  and  compo- 
sition.    Songs,  pf.  music. 

Hart  is  credited  with  the  invention  of  the 
dance  form  known  as  the  Lancer's  Quadrille. 
His  music  is  not  of  much  importance.  With 
John  Fawcett,  he  edited  "  Melodia  divina,  a 
sacred  companion  for  the  pf " 

Hart,  Philip,  composer  and  organist,  was 
born  about  the  middle  of  the  17th  centurj'. 
He  was  a  bass  singer  at  York  Minster  till 


HARVEY. 

1670,  when  he  became  a  Gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  1670-1718.  Lay-vicar  West- 
minster, 1670-1718.  Organist  of  St.  Andrew 
Undershaft,  London  ;  St.  Michael's,  Cornhill ; 
St.  Dionis,  Blackheath,  1724.  He  died  at 
London, 1749. 

Works. — Ode  in  praise  of  musick  (Hughes),. 
1703 ;  Morning  hymn  from  Paradise  Lost, 
Milton,  1729 ;  Anthems  ;  Organ  fugues ;  Songs 
in  various  collections.  Melodies  proper  to  be 
sung  to  any  of  ve  versions  of  ye  Psalms  of 
David"  [1713]." 

J.4MES  Hart  (1647-1718),  who  was  a  Gentle- 
man of  the  Chapel  Royal  and  a  chorister  of 
Westminster  Abbey,  was  probably  a  relative. 

Hartland.  A  family  of  musicians,  at  West 
Bromwich,  StafEordshire.  The  father,  Timothy 
Hartland,  was  born  in  1810.  For  some 
j-ears  he  was  organist  of  the  Parish  Church, 
and  afterwards,  for  50  years,  organist  and 
choirmaster  of  Ebenezer  Church,  West  Brom- 
wich. The  first  in  the  locality  to  adojit  the 
Hullah  system  of  teaching  singing,  he  formed 
a  large  and  successful  class.  He  had  a  fine 
tenor  voice,  was  a  skilful  flute  player,  and  did 
much  for  the  promotion  of  music  in  the 
district.  He  wrote  a  good  deal  of  church 
music,  and  his  anthems  and  hymn  tunes  have 
gained  popularitv  in  America  and  Australia. 
He  died  at  West  Bromwich,  February  16, 1891. 

His  youngest  son,  William  Hartlaxd  was 
born  at  West  Bromwich  in  1850.  Appeared 
in  public  as  a  pianist  at  a  very  early  age. 
Studied  first  under  a  local  teacher,  Symeon 
Grosvenor,  and  later  under  C.  E.  Fla%-ell,  and 
Franklin  Taylor,  with  whom  he  resided  in 
London  ;  studied  the  organ  with  F.  Archer. 
Returning  to  West  Bromwich,  he  held  office 
as  organist  at  several  churches,  but  his  teach- 
ing connection  extending,  he  gave  these  tip. 
In  1877  he  was  elected  Town  Hall  organist ; 
and  in  1875  he  founded  the  West  Bromwich 
Choral  Society  the  conductorship  of  which 
he  still  retains.  In  1S91  he  started  a  series 
of  Sunday  evening  organ  recitals  in  the  Town 
Hall,  and  has  frequently  appeared  as  pianist 
at  concerts.  The  Choral  Society  attaining  its 
majoritv,  a  IMusical  Festival — the  first — was 
held  at"  West  Bromwich,  April  22,  1896,  to 
celebrate  the  event,  and  occasion  was  taken 
to  recognise  the  honorary  work  of  the  con- 
ductor. He  is  Professor  of  Singing  at  the 
West  Bromwich  Institute.  His  sister,  Lizzie 
Hartland,  was  for  some  time  accompanist  to 
the  Choral  Society,  but  is  now  occupied  in 
teaching  and  composition.  Her  dramatic 
cantata,  "  Cceur  de  Lion,"  was  performed  at 
West  Bromwich  in  February,  1888.  She  has 
also  written  a  cantata  for  female  voices, 
"Queen  of  the  roses";  many  songs,  part- 
songs,  and  pf.  pieces. 

Harvey,  Richard  Frederick,  composer. 
Has   published   an   immense   number  of   pf. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


187 


HARVEY. 

pieces,  fantasies,  arrangements,  and  a  few 
original  compositions.  Also  "  I  love  but  thee 
alone ;  The  golden  days ;  Thady  and  1 ; 
Stormy  petrel,  and  many  other  songs,  part- 
songs,  etc. 

Harvey,  William,  musician,  composer 
of  "  The  Melksham  Harmony,  containing  50 
original  tunes,  etc,"  London  [1800] . 

Harwood,  Basil,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Woodhouse,  Olveston.  Gloucestershire, 
April  11,  1859.  Educated  at  Charterhouse, 
and  Trinity  College,  Oxford.  Studied  under 
J.  L.  Roeckel,  G.  Riseley,  C.  W.  Corfe  ;  and 
at  Leipzig  Conservatorium  under  Reinecke 
and  Jadassohn.  Mus.  Bac,  1880;  B.A.,  1881 ; 
M.A.,  1884,  Oxford.  Organist  of  Trinity 
College,  Oxford,  1878-81;  St.  Barnabas,  Pim- 
lico,  1883-7;  Ely  Cathedral,  1887-92;  and 
Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Oxford,  from  1892. 
Conductor  of  Oxford  Orchestral  Association, 
1892  ;  Orpheus-  Society,  1894.  President  of 
the  University  Musical  Club,  1895.  His  pub- 
lished works  comprise :  Agnus  Dei,  and 
O  Salutaris,  chorus  and  organ,  op.  2;  Cathe- 
dral Service  in  A  flat,  op.  6;  Six  songs,  op.  3; 
Trio,  female  voices,  To  Daffodils,  Christmas 
Carols,  etc.  Sonata  in  C  sharp  minor,  op.  5  ; 
and  Dythyramb,  op.  7,  for  organ.  Three 
pieces  for  pf.,  op.  1,  etc. 

Harwood,  Edward,  composer,  born  at 
Hoddleson,  near  Blackburn,  1707,  died  in  1787. 
Composed  "  A  Set  of  Hymns  and  Psalm 
Tunes,".. n.d.;  "A  Second  Set,".  .Chester, 
1786.  Chants  and  anthems,  a  few  of  which 
are  in  use  at  the  present  time.  The  first  set 
of  hymns  contains  the  well-known  setting  of 
Pope's  "Vital  spark  of  heavenly  flame." 
Harwood  also  wrote  a  number  of  once  popular 
songs. 

Haskins,  James  F.,  musician,  compiled 
a  Concertina  Preceptor,  London,  1852;  Piano- 
forte Preceptor,  1853 ;  Singing  Preceptor,  n.d. ; 
Modern  Cornopean  Preceptor,  1853,  and  other 
works,  for  Tegg,  the  publisher.  He  was  a 
teacher  in  London,  and  celebrated  the  40th 
anniversary  of  his  musical  career  at  Shore- 
ditch,  in  1888. 

Hastings,  David  Henry,  writer  on  music, 
was  born  about  1809  ;  and  died  on  December 
10,  1890.  He  was  musical  critic  to  the 
Mornivg  HeraM,  and  for  over  forty  years  he 
contributed  to  the  Miisicnl  World. 

Hately,  Thomas  Legerwood,  composer, 
editor,  and  teacher,  born  at  Greenlaw,  Ber- 
wickshire, September  26,  1815.  Apprenticed 
when  a  boy  to  Messrs.  Ballantyne  &  Co., 
printers,  with  whom  he  remained  11  years. 
Entered  employment  of  Thomas  Constable. 
Self-taught  in  music.  Precentor  of  North 
Leith  Parish  Church,  1836;  do.  St.  Mary's 
Parish  Church,  Edinburgh.  Appointed  (after 
disruption)precentor  to  Free  Church  Assembly. 
Precentor  in  Free  High  Church.    Established 


HATHERLY. 

"  Annual  aggregate  meetings  of  Congregational 
Classes,"  for  practice  of  psalmody,  1846. 
Director  of  the  Scottish  Vocal  Music  Asso- 
ciation, founded  1856.  He  died  at  Edinburgh, 
March  22,  1867. 

Works. — The  National  Psalmody,  a  selec- 
tion of  tunes  for  the  use  of  chui-ches,  etc., 
Edinburgh  [1847]  ;  The  Psalmody  of  the  Free 
Church  of  Scotland,  with  an  accompaniment 
for  the  pianoforte.  Prepared  under  the  super- 
intendence of  George  Hogarth,  Esq.,  Edin- 
burgh, 1845  (other  editions) ;  The  Scottish 
Psalmody,  1852 ;  Irish  Presbyterian  Psalmody ; 
Hynmals  of  the  Church  of  Scotland  ;  His- 
torical lectures  on  Psalmody,  with  illustra- 
tions ;  Lecture  on  music  of  the  Scottish 
Reformation  (included  in  Tricentenary  pro- 
ceedings), 1860 ;  Harmonies  of  Zion.  Psalm 
Tuaea  :  Glencairn,  Huntingtower,  Cunning- 
ham, Leuchars,  Submission,  Makerstonn, 
Nenthorn,  Kilmany,  Zuingle,  Polwarth,  Con- 
solation, etc. ;  Seann  Fhuinn  nan  Salm  Mar 
tha  iad  air  an  Seinn  amis  A'Ghaeltachd  mu 
Thuath  ;  or,  the  old  Gaelic  psalm  tunes  as 
sung  in  the  congregations  of  the  Free  Church 
of  Scotland  in  the  North  Highlands,  Edin- 
burgh, 1845.  ]\Ielodies  for  the  young,  Edin- 
burgh, n  d. 

Hately,  Walter,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  in  Edinburgh,  January  29,  1843.  Son 
of  the  preceding.  Educated  at  the  High 
School,  Edinburoh.  Studied  music  at  the 
Conservatorium.  Leipzig,  under  Plaidy,  I\Ios- 
cheles,  Reinecke,  Hauptmann,  E.  F.  Richter, 
and  Dreyschock.  1861-4.  Later,  he  studied 
for  a  short  time  with  Schulhoff  at  Dresden. 
Resident  since  1865  in  Edinburgh.  Teacher 
of  pf.  in  the  Ladies'  College;  ]\Ierchant  Com- 
pany's Schools;  Church  of  Scotland  Training 
College  ;  and  precentor  of  Free  St.  George's 
Church.  President  of  the  Edinburgh  Free 
Church  Praise  Union,  1892.  Mr.  Hately  has 
published  :  Heigh-ho,  daisies  and  buttercups ; 
EUorie  ;  Kmg  winter  ;  Row,  burnic  row,  and 
other  songs,  including  two  settings  from 
Goethe.  Nocturne  ;  Romances  ;  Barcarolle, 
etc.,  for  pf. ;  also  a  New  Pf.  Tutor.  Editor  of 
Church  of  Scotland  Psalter  and  Hymnal, 
1868 ;  and  contributor  of  hymn  tunes  to 
various  collections.  He  also  aided  the  Psalmody 
Committee  of  the  Scottish  Church  in  the 
preparation  of  their  tune-book. 

Hatherly,  Very  Rev.  Stephen  Qeorge= 
son,  composer  and  writer  on  music,  born  at 
Bristol,  February  14,  1827.  Studied  music 
privately,  and  received  instruction  in  com- 
position from  the  Rev.  W.  H.  Havergal.  Held 
appointments  as  organist  at  Darlaston,  1844  ; 
Solihull,  1847  ;  St.  James's,  Wednesburj', 
1855  ;  Tettenhall,  1863-8.  ^Musical  conductor 
at  the  Greek  Church,  Liverpool,  1857.  Gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac.,  Oxford,  1856;  and  in  1893, 
received   the   degree   of   Mus.    Doc,    honoris 


188 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HATTERSLEY. 

causa,  from  the  University  of  St.  Andrews. 
Ordained  deacon  and  priest  of  the  Greek 
Church  ac  Constantinople,  1871 ;  and  in  1875 
became  Protopresbyter  of  the  Patriarchal 
CEcumenical  Throne  of  Constantinople.  Was 
engaged  on  the  INIission  to  Greek  and  Slavonian 
Seamen  at  Bristol  Channel  ports.  He  has 
published  upwards  of  fifty  works,  many  of 
them  relating  to  Greek  music,  on  which 
subject  he  is  an  acknowledged  authority. 
These  include  Specimens  of  Ancient  Byzantine 
Ecclesiastical  ]\Ielody,  for  4  voices,  Greek 
text,  1879  ;  Hymns  of  the  Eastern  Church, 
translated  by  Dr.  Neale,  complete,  with  music 
from  Greek  and  other  sources,  1882  ;  A  treatise 
on  Byzantine  Music,  London,  Gardner,  1892, 
an  elaborate  and  scholarly  work.  An  orator- 
iette.  Baptism,  1860;  Te  Deum  and  Jubilate, 
1853  ;  Benedictus  and  Apostles'  Creed,  1856  ; 
Service  of  the  Greek  Church  in  English,  1860  ; 
Common  Praise,  an  enlarged  edition  (the 
5th)  of  Rev.  W.  H.  Havergal's  Old  Church 
Psalmody,  1864  ;  Appendix  to  6th  edition  of 
same,  1876.  Imperial  Russian  Air,  and  God 
save  the  Queen,  set  in  canon,  etc.  He  has 
lectured  on  Greek  Church  IMusic  (Liverpool, 
1889),  and  contributed  to  Musical  Cpinion, 
and  other  papers. 

Hattersley,  Frederick  Kilvington, 
pianist  and  composer,  born  at  Wortley  Grove, 
Leeds,  June  11,  1861.  Studied  at  R.A.M., 
winning  the  Balfe  Scholarship,  1881,  and  the 
Charles  Lucas  prize  for  composition,  1883. 
Studied  later  at  Munich  Conservatorium  under 
Rheinberger.  A.R.A.M. ;  Mus.  Bac.,  Cam- 
bridge, 1887.  Resident  in  Leeds  as  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  St.  John's  Church,  com- 
poser and  teacher. 

Works. — Cantata.  Robert  of  Sicily,  for 
soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra  (specially  written 
for  the  Leeds  Philharmonic  Society,  and  pro- 
duced March  14,  1894)  ;  Evening  service  in 
E  flat ;  songs,  etc.  Symphony  for  orchestra 
(Bradford,  1885) ;  Concert  overture  in  E  minor 
(composed  for,  and  produced  at  the  Leeds 
Festival,  October  15,  1886,  and  performed  at 
the  Crystal  Palace,  February  19,  1887)  ;  Trio 
in  D  minor,  pf.  and  strings  (Leeds,  1885)  ; 
Sonatas  for  pf.  and  violin,  in  G minor  (Leeds, 
1889),  and  F  major  (London,  1894) ;  pieces 
for   pf.,  etc. 

Hatton,  David,  bag-pipe  player,  born  at 
Thornton,  Yorkshire,  1769;  died  November 
22,  1847.  He  invented  an  instrument  some- 
thing like  the  Iriih  bag-pipe,  on  which  he 
performed  with  much  skill. 

Hatton,  John  Liptrot,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  at  Liverpool,  October  12,  1809. 
He  was  chiefly  self-taught  in  music,  and  in 
1832  he  settled  in  London,  where  he  became 
pianist  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  eic.  He 
visited  the  United  States  in  1848.  Musical 
director  of  Princesses  Theatre,  London,  under 


HATTON. 

management  of  Charles  Kean.  He  was  a 
teacher  and  pianist,  and  frequently  travelled 
in  the  provinces  as  accompanist  to  concert 
parties.  He  died  at  Margate,  September  20, 
1886. 

Works. — Operettas — Queen  of  the  Thames, 
1844  ;  Pascal  Bruno,  1844.  Music  for  Mac- 
beth, 1853 ;  Sardanapalus,  1853  ;  Faust  and 
Marguerite,  1854  ;  King  Henry  VIII  ,  1855; 
The  Tempest ;  Richard  II.,  1857  ;  King  Lear, 
1858  ;  Merchant  of  Venice,  1858  ;  and  Much 
ado  about  nothing,  1858.  Rose,  or  Love's 
Ransom,  opera,  Covent  Garden,  London, 
1864.  The  First  printer.  Robin  Hood,  can- 
tata, 1856  ;  Hezekiah,  sacred  drama,  Decem- 
ber 15,  1877.  Concert  overture  in  G.  Two 
fantasias  for  pf.  and  orchestra.  Morning  and 
evening  service  in  E  ;  Services  in  C  and  E 
fiat.  Anthpvis  —Blessed  be  the  Lord  of  Israel ; 
Come  Holy  Ghost ;  I  will  extol  Thee,  my 
God  ;  I  will  praise  Thee  with  my  whole  heart ; 
Out  of  the  deep  ;  Thou  art  gone  up  on  high  ; 
Pastor  Holy  ;  Graduale ;  Mass  for  four  voices 
and  organ.  Part-songs— Absence  ;  All  things 
love  thee  ;  A  song  of  winter  ;  Auburn  village  ; 
A  lover's  song ;  Beware  ;  Bird  of  the  wilder- 
ness; Bonney  blackbird  ;  Come,  live  with  me; 
Good  night,  beloved  ;  Hark  !  the  convent  bells 
are  ringing  ;  I  loved  a  lass,  a  fair  one  ;  I  met 
her  in  the  quiet  lane  ;  King  Witlaff's  drinking 
horn  ;  Lo  !  the  peaceful  shades  ot  evening  ; 
Love  me  little,  love  me  long ;  Now  let  us 
make  the  welkin  ring  ;  Over  hill,  over  dale  ; 
Shall  I  wasting  in  despair  ;  Sleep,  my  sweet ; 
Song  of  the  gipsey  maidens  ;  Song  to  Pan  ; 
Stars  of  the  summer  night  ;  Summer  eve ; 
Life  boat ;  Pearl  divers  ;  Rivals  ;  Village 
blacksmith ;  Venetian  boatmen's  evening 
song :  When  evening's  twilight.  Songs — 
Songs  for  sailors,  written  by  W.  C.  Bennett ; 
19  songs  by  Herrick,  Jonson,  and  Sedley ; 
Autumn  ;  Aftermath  ;  By  the  millstream  ; 
Bird  of  song  ;  Cloris  ;  Come  back,  Annie  ; 
Dream,  baby,  dream  ;  Dick  Turpin  ;  Fair  is 
my  love  ;  Fair  daffodils  ;  Fair  and  false  ; 
Friar  of  orders  grey  ;  Farmer  at  the  banks  ; 
Garl  nd,  the  ;  Gentle  flower  ;  Good-bye, 
sweetheart ;  Hope ;  If  my  mistress  hide  her 
face  ;  I  stood  on  the  beach  ;  I  think  on  thee ; 
Jack  o'  Lantern  ;  King  and  the  cobbler  ; 
King  Christmas  ;  Kitty  Carew  ;  Leather 
bottel ;  Lass  of  Watertown  ;  Lady  ]\Iaud ; 
Memory  ;  Maiden's  rose  ;  Maid  Hove;  Ocean; 
Phcebe  dearest ;  Sweet  as  the  moonlight ; 
Simon  the  cellarer  ;  Song  should  breathe  of 
scents  and  flowers  ;  Spring ;  Starbeams  ; 
Sailor's  return  ;  Sun  to  his  rest ;  Sea  song  ; 
Show-man  ;  True  to  love  and  thee  ;  The 
wishing  well  ;  The  blind  boy  ;  The  gold- 
smith's daughter  ;  The  last  fond  look ;  The 
nun  ad  the  rose;  The  slave's  dream  ;  'Tis 
midnight ;  Uncle  Jack ;  Under  the  green- 
wood tree  ;  Weep  no  more  ;  Winter ;  When 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


189 


HAVERFIELD. 

far  from  thee  in  distant  lands  ;  Wilt  think  of 
me  ?  Pianoforte  Music — Six  impromptus  ; 
Prelude  and  fugue  in  G  minor  ;  Magic  music  ; 
Presto  ;  Arrangements  ;  Dances.  Singing 
Methods  for  various  voices  ;  Thirty  Ele- 
mentary Studies  for  pf. ;  and  many  other 
works. 

His  son,  George  Frederick  Hatton, 
appeared  at  a  Richter  concert  in  London, 
June  13, 1881,  in  which  year  he  was  appointed 
pianist  to  the  Duke  of  Saxe-Meiningen.  He 
has  played  in  many  cities  of  Germany. 
Composer  of  "  The  Golden  Rose,"  a  cantata 
for  treble  voices ;  Two  trios  for  pf .  and  strings ; 
Organ  music,  songs,  etc.  Another  of  his 
family,  a  daughter,  was  a  vocalist,  now 
married  to  Mr.  C.  G.  Moore,  and  resident  in 
Canada. 

Haverfield,  Rev.  Thomas  Tunstall, 
clergv-man  and  writer,  author  of  "Ferise 
Sacrse,  or  short  notes  on  the  great  festivals 
of  the  church  and  the  services  appointed  for 
their  celebration,  with  appropriate  chants  and 
hymns,"  London,  1847.  Composed  Collects, 
etc. 
.  Havergal,  Rev.  William  Henry,  com- 
poser and  divine,  born  at  High  Wycombe, 
January  18,  1793.  Educated  at  Oxford. 
B.A.,  1815;  M.A.,  1819.  Rector  of  Astley, 
Worcestershire,  1829-42.  Rector  of  St.  Nich- 
olas, Worcester,  and  hon.  canon  Worcester 
Cathedral,  1845.  Rector  of  Shareshill,  near 
Wolverhampton,  1860-68.  He  died  at  Leam- 
ington, April  19,  1870. 

Works. — A  History  of  the  Old  Hundredth 
Psahn  Tune,  1854.  Old  Church  Psalmody, 
1849.  One  Hundred  Psahn  and  Hymn  Tunes. 
Ravenscroft's  Psalter  (1611),  edited  1847. 
Anthems,  psalms,  hymns,  etc.,  to  number  of 
about  50.  Among  his  best  knowai  tunes  may 
be  named  Havergal  (1870),  and  Evan  (1846), 
the  latter  being  very  popular  in  Britain  and 
America,  where  it  was  introduced  by  Lowell 
Mason. 

His  daughter,  Frances  Ridley,  born  at 
Astley  Rectory,  Worcestershire,  December  14, 
1836,  was  a  pupil  of  Dr.  W'm.  Marshall  and 
Alberto  Randegger.  She  died  at  Caswell  Bay, 
Swansea,  June  3,  1879.  She  was  a  poetess  of 
some  note,  her  hymns  and  other  pieces  having 
been  very  popular.  She  composed  some  h}Txin 
tunes,  "  Eirene,"  etc. 

His  eldest  son,  the  Rev.  Henry  East 
Havergal  (born  1820,  died  January  12,  1875), 
was  educated  at  Oxford.  He  was  made  rector 
of  Cople,  Bedfordshire,  in  1847,  and  did  much 
to  promote  the  cultivation  of  good  music  in 
Bedford  and  Oxford.  He  composed  much 
church  music,  chants,  hymns,  etc.,  and  edited 
Wither's  "  Hymns  of  the  Church,"  1846. 

His  youngest  son,  the  Rev.  Francis  T. 
Havergal,  D.D.,  was  vicar  of  Upton  Bishop, 
Hereford.     Died   n'^ar   Ross,   in   July,    1890. 


HAWES. 

Author  of  "  Memorials  of  Sir  F.  A.  G.  Ouse- 
ley,"  1889. 

Hawdon,  Matthias,  organist  and  com- 
poser. A  celebrated  performer  in  his  day,  but 
of  whom  very  few  particulars  are  known.  He 
was  organist  of  Beverley  Minster,  and  of  St. 
Nicholas  (now  the  Cathedral),  Newcastle-on- 
Tyne.  He  was  appointed  to  the  latter  in  1776, 
and  is  said  to  have  held  the  dual  appointment 
for  some  time.  He  was  buried,  March  22, 
1787,  according  to  his  expressed  wish,  under- 
neath the  old  Renatus  Harris  and  Snetzler 
organ,  in  St.  Nicholas'  Church.  His  works 
include  Two  Concertos  in  B  fiat,  and  F  ;  Six 
Conversation  Sonatas  for  the  harpsichord  or 
pianoforte,  with  accompaniment  for  two  vio- 
lins and  violoncello  [1785] ;  An  Ode  on  the 
King  of  Prussia,  and  six  songs.  First  Sett  of 
six  sonatas  spirituale  or  voluntarys,  for  the 
harpsichord,  organ,  or  pf.,  op.  4.  The  opening 
of  an  organ,  a  choice  set  of  voluntaries.  The 
concerto  in  B  flat  is  still  played  at  organ 
recitals,  and  his  hymn  tune,  Beverley  (CM.), 
has  been  in  use  at  Newcastle  ever  since  his 
time.  He  composed  "Fancy,"  a  song,  and 
other  vocal  music. 

Haweis,  Rev.  Hugh  Reginald,  amateur 
violinist,  and  writer  on  music,  born  at  Egham, 
Surrey,  April  3,  1838.  Educated  at  Cam- 
bridge, graduating  B.A.,  1859;  M.A.,  1864. 
Incumbent  of  St.  James's,  Marylebone,  1866. 
Editor  of  Cassell's  Family  Magazine,  1868. 
Has  lectured  on  musical  topics  at  the  London 
Institution,  and  in  many  provincial  towns  ; 
and  in  1885  lectured  in  America.  His  contri- 
butions to  various  periodicals  have  been 
numerous;  and  he  is  the  author  of  two  volumes 
on  music  :  Music  and  Morals,  London  (W.  H. 
Allen),  1873  ;  and  My  IMusical  Life,  London, 
W.  H.  Allen,  1884.  The  first  of  these  has 
reached  its  16th  edition. 

Hawes,  William,  composer  and  writer, 
born  at  London,  June  21,  1785.  Chorister  in 
Chapel  Royal,  1793-1801.  Violinist  in  Covent 
Garden  orchestra,  1802.  Deputy  Lay-vicar, 
Westminster,  1802  ;  afterwards  full  vicar,  a 
post  which  he  held  till  1820.  Gentleman  of 
Chapel  Royal,  1805.  Master  of  Choristers, 
Almoner,  and  Vicar  Choral,  St.  Paul's  Cathe- 
dral, 1812.  Associate  Philharmonic  Society, 
1813.  Master  of  Children  of  Chapel  Royal, 
1817.  Lay-vicar,  Westminster  Abbey,  1817-20. 
Established  Harmonic  Institution  in  the 
Argj'le  Rooms,  Strand,  where  Hawes  was  a 
music-publisher  for  a  time.  Music  director, 
English  opera,  Lyceum,  1824-36.  Produced 
Weber's  "  Der  Freyschiitz,"  July  24,  1824. 
He  died  at  London,  February  18,  1846. 
Buried  in  Kensal  Green  Cemetery.  Member 
of  Glee  Club.  Conductor  of  Madrigal  Society, 
etc. 

WoB.KS.^Music  for  Plays :  Broken  Promises, 
1825 ;  The  Sister  of  Charity,  1829  ;  The  Irish 


190 


BRITISH    MUr>ICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


HAWKER. 

Girl,  1830  ;  Comfortable  Lodgingf?,  1832 ;  The 
Dilsk  gatherer,  1832 ;  The  climbing  boy,  1832 ; 
The  Mummy,  1833;  The  Quartette,  1833; 
Yeoman's  Daughter,  1833 ;  Convent  Belles 
(with  J.  A.  Wade),  1833 ;  The  Muleteer's  Vow, 
1835.  Collection  of  five  glees  and  a  madrigal 
[1814];  Six  glees  for  3  and  4  voices  [1815];* 
Six  Scotch  airs  harmonized  as  glees  [1817]  ; 
Prize  glees.  Adaptations  of  operas  by  Paer, 
Salieri,  Winter,  Mozart,  Ries,  Marschner,  etc. 
Songs :  The  Beacon ;  Father  William,  etc. 
Edited  an  edition  of  "The  Triumphs  of; 
Oriana."  Chants,  sanctuses,  and  responses 
to  the  commandments,  as  used  at  St.  Paul's  ! 
Cathedral  and  Westminster  Abbey.  Selected  I 
froua  ancient  and  modern  composers,  London,  ' 
1830,  12  pts.  Anthems,  and  other  sacred 
music,  as  used  at  His  INIajesty's  Chapel  Royal, 
and  the  various  Cathedrals  throughout  the 
kingdom,  selected  from  ancient  and  modern 
composers,  London.  A  collection  of  Spofforth's 
glees,  and  a  Collection  of  madrigals  for  3,  4,  5 
and  6  voices,  from  the  works  of  the  most 
eminent  composers  of  the  16th  and  17th 
centuries,  carefully  extracted  from  the  original 
works  as  preserved  in  the  ^ladrigal  Society. 
Service  in  G  minor  (MS.).  Croft's  services 
and  anthems,  1840.  Psalm  and  hymii  tunes . . 
harmonised  for  3  voices,  edited  by  J.  W.  Hall, 
London  [1836]. 

His  daughter,  Maria  Billington  Hawes, 
contralto  vocalist,  was  born  at  London,  April, 
1816.  She  studied  under  her  father,  and 
others,  and  sang  at  the  Birmingham  Festival 
of  1846.  She  corresponded  with  Mendelssohn. 
Married  to  Mr.  J.  D.  IMerest.  Died  at  Ryde, 
Isle-of-Wight,  April  24,  1886.  She  composed 
a  large  number  of  ballads. 

Hawker,  Peter,  musician,  Lieut-colonel 
in  the  army,  and  a  well-known  writer  on 
sport,  etc.  He  died  in  1853.  Author  of 
"  Instructions  to  young  performers  for  acquir- 
ing, by  means  of  patent  hand  moulds,  the 
best  position  for  strength  and  articulation 
on  the  Pianoforte,"  1840,  3  editions. 

Hawker,  Thomas  Henry,  musician, 
issued  "  Collection  of  Psalm  and  Hjinn  tunes, 
chants,  etc.,  as  sung  at  All  Saints'  Church, 
St.  John's  Wood,  London  [1854] . 

Hawker,  William,  musician,  issued 
"Harmonia  Sacra  Familise.containiugpsakns, 
hymns,  etc.,"  London,  1841.  2nd  ed.,  Exeter 
[1845] . 

Hawkes,  R.  W.,  musician,  compiler  of 
"  The  Worcester  Tune  book  .  .  ,"  London, 
1865. 

Hawkes,  Thomas,  land  surveyor  and 
musician,  born  at  Wiveliscombe,  Somerset, 
November  3,  1786 ;  died  at  Williton,  Somer- 
set, July  9,  1857.  Author  of  "  An  Introduc- 
tion to  divine  service,  Watchet,  1831  ;  and 
compiler  of  "  Hawkes's  Psalmod)',  a  collec- 
tion of  tunes  comprising  the  most  approved 


HAWKINS. 

standard,  with  a  great  variety  of  original 
compositions  adapted  to  the  hymns  in  use  by 
the  Wesleyan  Methodist  Societies,"  Watchet, 
Whitehouse,  1833.  The  original  tunes  were 
chiefly  composed  by  local  amateurs  of  Somer- 
set and  Wiltshire. 

Hawkes,  William,  musician,  author  of 
"  The  Theory  of  Music  simplified,  and  the 
principle  of  the  temperament  applied  to  the 
tuning  of  keyed  instruments  explained  ;  also 
the  best  method  of  Tuning,"  London,  1805. 
"  A  specific  statement  and  view  of  the  im- 
proved musical  scale  for  organs  and  piano- 
fortes," London,  1810. 

Hawkins,  James,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  latter  part  of  the  17th  century.  Chor- 
ister, St.  John's  College,  Cambridge.  Organist 
of  Ely  Cathedral,  1682-1729.  Mus.  Bac, 
Cantab.,  1719,  He  died  at  Ely  in  1729. 
Composer  of  Services,  Anthems,  collection  of 
Scotch  songs.  "  As  northern  winds,  song," 
etc.  His  son,  John,  was  organist  of  Peter- 
borough Cathedra. 1.  1714-1759,  and  composed 
a  number  of  Autliems,  preserved  in  Tudway's 
collection,  etc. 

Another  Joh.v  Hawkix^  issued  a  "New 
Set  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tuues."  Loudon 
[1810]. 

Hawkins,  Sir  John,  Kt.,  writer  and 
lawyer,  born  at  London,  March  30,  1719. 
Became  an  Attorney.  Member  of  ^ladrigal 
Society,  and  of  Academy  of  Antient  Music. 
Married  Miss  S.  Storace,  1753.  Retired  to 
Twickenham.  Chairman  of  Middlesex  Quarter 
Sessions.  Knighted,  1772.  He  died  at  Spa, 
May  14,  1789. 

Works.— Twelve  Cantatas  (words),  1742-43, 
music  by  J.  Stanley.  An  account  of  the 
institution  and  progress  of  the  Academy  of 
Antient  Music,  1770.  A  General  history  of 
the  Science  and  Practice  of  Music,  London, 
5  vols.,  1776  (with  portraits) ;  new  edition, 
Novello,  1853.  Edition  of  Walton  and  Cot- 
ton's "  Compleat  Angler."  1760. 

Hawkins  was  much  esteemed  in  his  day, 
and  was  one  of  Dr.  Johnson's  literary 
executors.  He  did  much  by  the  publication 
of  his  "  History  "  to  enlighten  the  EngUsh 
musical  public  on  the  past  state  of  the  art, 
and  though  its  value  is  less  owing  to  the  lapse 
of  time,  it  is  still  a  standard  text-book  to  the 
history  of  music.  Its  merits,  and  superiority 
in  some  respects  over  the  history  of  Burney, 
lie  in  its  acknowledged  greater  accuracy  and 
plainness  of  detail.  Its  merits  in  this  respect 
are  indeed  great,  for,  despite  some  few  blem- 
ishes in  the  matter  of  mis-stated  facts,  it  is  a 
remarkably  erudite  and  straightforward  pro- 
duction. Hawkins  was  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  His  daughter,  L^titia  Matilda 
(1758,  November  22,  1835),  was  a  novelist, 
and  biographical  writer,  and  his  son,  John 
Sidney,  wrote  among  other  works  "An  inquiry 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


191 


HAY. 

into  the  nature  and  principles  of  thorough- 
bass on  a  new  plan,"  London  [1818]. 

Hay,  Walter  Cecil,  organist,  composer, 
and  conductor,  born  at  Shrewsbury,  August 
7,  1828.  Studied,  R.A.M.  Has  been  band- 
master in  the  army,  militia,  yeomanry,  and 
volunteers.  F. R.A.M.  Organist  and  professor 
of  music  at  Shrewsbury  School ;  Conductor 
of  New  Choral  Society,  1865,  and  of  Shrews- 
bury Orchestral  Society.  Author  of  Prize 
Ode  to  the  Victor  in  the  Weulock  Olympian 
Games  (1857).  "The  Valley  of  St.  John," 
cantata  (from  the  Bridal  of  Triermain,  1863)  ; 
"May,"  cantata,  Shrewsbury,  1866:  "  Ethel- 
dred,"  operetta,  1887  ;  and  incidental  music 
to  "  Phyllis,"  a  pastoral  play,  by  J.  P.  Douglas, 
1887. 

Hayden,  George,  organist  and  composer 
of  first  half  of  the  18th  century.  He  was 
organist  of  St.  Mary  Magdalen,  Bermondsey, 
London.  Composer  of  Harlequin  Director, 
cantata  [1723] ;  three  cantatas  [1723] .  Songs: 
Careless  Companion ;  ]\Iad  Tom ;  Welcome 
Damon.  As  I  saw  fair  Chloe,  and  other  two- 
part  songs.  Plmnstead's  "  Beauty's  of  Mel- 
ody," 1827,  contains  some  of  Hayden's  songs. 
"  Haydock,  Frederick  W.,  organist  and 
composer.  Studied  under  Dr.  Horton  Allison 
and  privately.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac.  1880, 
Mus.  Doc.  1891,  Dublin.  Was  sometime 
organist  of  St.  Gabriel's,  Manchester ;  and 
since  1880,  of  Union  Chapel  in  that  city. 
His  compositions  are  two  cantatas,  "  0  mag- 
nify the  Lord,"  and  "  Lazarus,"  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra.  Some  songs,  etc.,  of 
his  have  been  published. 

Haydon,  Thomas,  organist  and  musician, 
born  in  London,  in  1787.  He  studied  under 
C.  Neate  and  Crotch,  and  became  organist 
and  Professor  of  Pianoforte  at  R.A.M.  He 
died  about  1845.  He  composed  songs,  and 
many  romances,  waltzes,  and  quadrilles  for 
pianoforte. 

Hayes,  Catherine,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
at  Limerick,  Oct.  25, 1825.  She  studied  singing 
under  Sapio  and  Garcia,  and  at  Milan  under 
Ronconi.  Debut  a,t  Marseilles  in  "I  Puritani," 
1845,  and  afterwards  sang  in  Vienna  (1846), 
Venice,  and  elsewhere  in  Italy.  Appeared  in 
London,  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  April  10, 1849. 
Sang  in  Ireland,  America  (1851),  India,  Aus- 
tralia, etc.  Married  to  Wm.  Avery  Bushnell  of 
New  York,  October  8, 1857.  She  died  at  Syden- 
ham, London,  August  11,  1861. 

Miss  Hayes  was  a  singer  of  remarkable 
powers,  and  in  her  day  was  a  most  popular 
and  favourite  vocalist.  Her  chief  power  lay 
in  the  rendering  of  ballads.  Her  biography 
was  issued  under  the  title  of  "Memoir  of 
Miss^Catherine  Hayes,  the  '  Swan  of  Erin. '  " 
4to,  n.d.,  with  portrait. 

Hayes,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Hanbury,  Worcestershire,  in  Decem- 


HAYNE. 

her,  1706.  Chorister  Gloucester  Cathedral, 
under  W.  Hiue.  Organist  of  St.  Mary's 
Church,  Shrewsbury,  1729-81  ;  of  Worcester 
Cathedral,  1731-34  ;  JIagdalen  College,  Ox- 
ford. 1734-77.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1735.  Pro- 
fessor of  Music,  Oxford  University,  1741.  Doc. 
Mus.,  Oxon.,  1749.  He  conducted  the  Glou- 
cester Musical  Festival  in  1763.  Died  at 
Oxford,  July  27,  1777. 

Works. — Collins'  ode  to  the  Passions,  and 
other  odes.  Twelve  ariettas  or  ballads,  and 
two  catches,  1735.  Services  and  anthems. 
Circe,  masque.  Glees,  catches,  etc.,  first  set, 
1757  ;  second  set  and  supplement,  1763-65. 
Cathedral  Music,  in  score,  edited  by  Philip 
Hayes,  1795.  Instrumental  music.  Remarks 
on  Mr.  Avison's  essay  on  musical  expression, 
London,  1753.  Anecdotes  of  the  five  music 
meetings,  etc.  Sixteen  Psalms  from  Merrick's 
new  version,  set  to  music  for  the  use  of 
Magdalen  College  Chapel,  Oxford  .   .   .   ,  n.d. 

Hayes,  William,  clergyman  and  writer, 
third  son  of  the  above,  born  at  Oxford,  1742. 
Chorister  Magdalen  College,  1749-51.  H.A., 
1761;  M.A.,  1764.  Minor  Canon,  Worcester 
Cathedral,  1765.  Do.  St.  Paul's,  London, 
1766.  Vicar  of  Tillingham,  Essex.  He  died 
on  Oct.  22,  1790.  He  wrote  a  paper  entitled, 
"  Rules  necessary  to  be  ob.served  by  all  Cathe- 
dral singers  in  the  Kingdom,"  in  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  1765.  Sermons,  hymn  tunes,  and 
other  works. 

Hayes,  Philip,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Oxford,  1738.  Second  son  of 
William  Hayes,  under  whom  he  studied. 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  May,  1763.  Gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1767.  Organist  of  New 
College,  Oxford,  1776 ;  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford,  and  Professor  of  Music  in  the  Uni- 
versity, 1777.  Mus.  Doc:,  Oxon.,  1777.  Or- 
ganist of  St.  John's  College,  1790.  He  died 
at  London,  March  19,  1797. 

Works. — Prophecy,  oratorio,  1781  ;  Ode  for 
St.  Cecilia's  Day  ;  Ode,  Begin  the  song ; 
Telemachus,  a  Masque.  Anthems,  services, 
psalms,  glees,  and  songs.  Harmonia  Wic- 
camica,  Loudon  [1780] .  Six  concertos  for 
organ,  harpsichord  or  pianoforte,  1769.  Eight 
anthems,  Oxford  [1780] . 

Hayne,  Rev.  Leighton  George,  clergy- 
man and  composer,  was  born  at  St.  David's 
Hall,  Exeter,  February  28,  1836.  He  was 
educated  at  Eton  and  Oxford.  In  1856  he 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  and  in  1860  proceeded 
to  Doc.  Mus.,  Oxford.  In  1857  he  was  ap- 
pointed organist,  and  in  1860  precentor,  of 
Queen's  College,  Oxford.  He  was  ordained 
in  1861.  In  1863  he  was  made  coryphteus  or 
precentor  of  Oxford  University  ;  and  he  held 
the  livings  of  Helston,  1866,  and  ]\ristley-with- 
Bradfield  in  1871.  He  became  succentor  of 
Eton  College  in  1867,  and  held  it  till  1871. 
He  died  at  Bradfield,  in  Essex,  March  3, 1883. 


192 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HAYNES. 

He  edited,  with  the  Rev.  H.  W.  Sargeaut, 
"  The  Mei-ton  Tune  Book,"  1863,  and  com- 
posed the  following  well-known  hymn  tunes  : 
"Compline,"  "  Hayne,"  "  Mistley,"  "St. 
Cecilia,"  "  St.  :Margaret,"  "  Chalvey,"  etc. 
While  at  Eton  he  had  a  huge  organ  of  five 
manuals  built  in  the  music-room ;  it  was 
ultimately  divided  between  the  organs  of 
Bradfield  and  Mistley. 

Haynes,  Walter  Battison,  organist, 
pianist,  and  composer,  born  at  Kempsey, 
Worcester,  in  1859.  Studied  at  Leipzig 
Conservatorium,  where  some  of  his  composi- 
tions (movements  from  a  symphony,  and 
songs),  were  performed  in  1882.  He  was 
appointed  organist  of  St.  Philip's,  Sydenham, 
in  1884  ;  and  in  1891  succeeded  H.  F.  Frost 
at  the  Chapel  Royal,  Savoy.  In  1890  he  was 
appointed  professor  of  harmony  and  compo- 
sition at  the  R.A.M.  ;  and  he  is  an  Associate 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  For  the  Handel 
Festival  of  1891  he  wrote  additional  accom- 
paniments to  Handel's  Chandos  anthem, 
"  0  come,  let  us  sing."  His  compositions 
include  two  cantatas  for  female  voices  :  The 
Fairies'  Isle,  and  A  Sea  Dream ;  Three  settings 
of  the  Magnificat  and  Nunc  dimittis;  A  Com- 
munion Service,  etc.  Songs  and  duets.  An 
Idyl  for  violin  and  orchestra ;  Prelude  and 
Fugues  for  two  pianos ;  Sonata  in  D  minor, 
and  other  pieces  for  organ. 

His  uncle,  William  Haynes,  born  at  Wor- 
cester, September  19,  1829,  was  an  articled 
pupil  of  Mr.  W.  Done,  and  in  1850  was 
appointed  organist  of  Malvern  Priory  Church, 
a  post  he  held  for  43  years.  He  has  composed 
church  music,  songs,  and  organ  pieces.  In 
1858  he  established  a  music  business  in  Mal- 
vern. His  wife,  born  Elizabeth  Broad,  a 
soprano,  frequently  sang  in  public  under  the 
name  of  Mile.  Br6tet.  She  was  educated  at 
the  R.A.M.,  and  the  Conservatoire,  Paris. 

Hayter,  Aaron  Upjohn,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Gillingham,  Dorset,  Decem- 
ber 16,  1799.  His  father,  Samuel  Hayter, 
was  organist  at  Mere,  Wilts.,  and  composer  of 
services,  anthems,  etc.  In  1805  Hayter 
became  a  chorister  at  Salisbury  Cathedral, 
under  Corfe.  Afterwards  he  was  organist  at 
Hereford  Cathedral,  but  in  1835  he  went  to 
New  York  as  organist  of  Grace  Church.  He 
removed  to  Boston,  Mass.,  as  organist  of  the 
Trinity  Church  Society ;  and  in  1839  was 
elected  organist  and  conductor  of  the  Handel 
and  Haydn  Society,  a  position  he  held  till 
1848.  He  died  at  Boston,  July  28,  1873. 
Hayter  introduced  many  oratorios  and  can- 
tatas to  the  Boston  public  which  had  never 
been  heard  in  America.  He  was  succeeded 
by  his  son,  George  F.  Hayter,  as  conductor 
of  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society.  Another 
son,  Arthur  Upjohn  Hayter,  is  organist  of 
St.  Mary's  Church,  Stratford-le-Bow. 


HEALE. 

Hay  ward,  Henry,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  Broseley,  Salop,  in  1814.  Received 
his  first  lessons  from  his  father,  and  played  a 
solo  in  public  when  five  years  old.  His  studies 
were  continued  under  Spaguoletti,  and  his 
executive  powers  were  so  extraordinary  that 
he  became  known  as  the  English  Paganini. 
After  some  years  passed  in  the  Midlands,  he 
made  his  debtit  in  London,  at  one  of  Mr.  Car- 
ter's Soirees  at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms, 
June  19,  1839.  He  appeared  at  the  Philhar- 
monic Concerts,  March  23,  1840,  playing  his 
introduction  and  Polonaise.  About  this  time 
he  settled  in  Wolverhampton,  where  he  estab- 
lished musical  societies,  and  a  music  business. 
As  an  orchestral  player  he  was  for  many  years 
engaged  at  the  principal  festivals,  and  was 
much  associated  with  music  in  Birmingham. 
His  compositions  were  numerous,  but  remained 
mostly  in  MS.  For  some  years  he  was  in  poor 
health,  and  died  at  Wolverhampton,  Novem- 
ber 12,  1884. 

Head,  F.  A.,  musician,  compiler  of 
"  Choral  Psalmody,  a  collection  of  tunes  to  be 
sung  in  3  parts,  without  instruments,  by  aU 
village  choirs,  with  simple  rudiments  and 
instructions  for  teaching  music  on  a  short  and 
easy  plan,"  London  [1840]. 

Heale,  Helene,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  February  14, 1855.  Educated 
at  Queen's  College,  Harley  Street,  obtaining 
the  Maurice  Scholarship.  Studied  music 
under  John  Hullah.  In  1876  she  obtained  a 
Scholarship  at  the  National  Training  School, 
and  the  next  year  won  one  of  the  four  Royal 
Scholarships  there,  which  she  held  until  1881. 
Her  teachers  were  Ernest  Pauer,  J.  F.  Bar- 
nett,  E.  Prout,  and  (Sir)  A.  Sullivan.  In 
1880  she  played  before  the  Queen  at  Windsor 
Castle.  Resident  in  London  as  teacher  and 
composer. 

Works. — Madrigal,  Mourn,  oh  rejoicing 
heart.  Madrigal  Society's  Prize,  1882;  The 
Watersprites,  cantata  for  female  voices,  1885; 
Jubilee  ode,  chorus  and  orchestra.  1887 ; 
Epithalamion  (from  Edmund  Spenser),  tenor 
solo,  chorus  and  orchestra,  1893.  Part-songs 
for  female  voices ;  three-part  songs ;  twelve 
two-part  songs ;  twenty-four  rounds  for  female 
voices ;  eight  Christmas  carols ;  Love  wakes 
and  weeps  ;  Cradle  song  ;  Lament,  and  other 
songs.  Six  characteristic  pieces,  pf.  duet ; 
Polacca,  three  violins  and  pf.,  etc.  Compiler 
of  Class  Singing  School,  4  books ;  editor  and 
arranger  of  songs  for  female  voices ;  songs  for 
the  young,  etc. 

Her  sister,  Alice  Heale,  contralto  vocalist, 
was  born  in  London,  December  15,  1861. 
Educated  at  the  Queen's  College,  and  holder 
of  the  Queen's  Scholarship  for  "five  years. 
Studied  under  J.  Hullah.  Lady  Freake 
Scholar  at  the  National  Training  School, 
where  she  studied  under  J.  B.  Welch,  and 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


193 


HEAP. 

with  him  later  at  the  Guildhall  School.  She 
made  her  debut  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  May 
9,  1885 ;  sang  at  the  Glasgow  Choral  Union, 
and  other  concerts,  and  before  the  Queen  at 
Windsor,  1886.  After  further  study  under 
Mr.  W.  Shakespeare,  she  has  devoted  herself 
entirely  to  teaching  voice  production  and 
singing. 

Heap,  Charles  Swinnerton,  composer, 
organist,  pianist  and  conductor,  born  at  Bir- 
mingham, April  10,  1847.  Sang  in  public  as 
a  child,  and  in  1858  was  admitted  to  the 
choir  of  the  Birmingham  Festival  as  a  soprano. 
Received  lessons  from  Mr.  Walter  Brooks 
(g.r.),  and  acted  as  organist  at  Queen's  Col- 
lege, during  his  educational  course  at  King 
Edward's  Grammar  School.  He  was  articled 
to  Dr.  Monk,  of  York  Minster,  and  in  1865, 
competed  for,  and  won,  the  Mendelssohn 
Scholarship.  Proceeding  to  Leipzig  he  studied 
under  Moscheles,  Hauptmann,  E.  F.  Richter, 
Reinecke,  and  others.  There  he  produced 
several  compositions,  and  occasionally  depu- 
tised for  Reinecke  as  accompanist  at  the 
Gewandhaus  concerts.  In  1867,  he  returned 
to  Birmingham,  and  by  arrangement  with  the 
Scholarship  Committee  placed  himself  under 
W^.  T.  Best,  for  further  study  of  the  organ. 
He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1871 ;  Mus.  Doc, 
1872,  Cambridge.  In  1870,  the  Birmingham 
Philharmonic  Union  was  founded,  and  Dr. 
Heap  appointed  conductor,  an  office  he  held 
until  1886,  when  the  society  was  dissolved. 
Excellent  cheap  oratorio  concerts  were  given. 
At  various  times  he  has  been  conductor  of 
societies  at  Stone,  Stafford,  Walsall,  and 
Stoke.  In  1881,  he  succeeded  Mr.  Stockley 
as  conductor  of  the  Wolverhampton  Festival 
Choral  Society,  and  conducted  the  Festivals 
in  that  town  in  1883,  and  1886.  When  the 
North  Staffordshire  Festival  was  established 
at  Hanley,  in  1888,  he  was  appointed  con- 
ductor, an  office  he  has  held  since  that  time. 
In  1895  he  was  elected  conductor  of  the 
Birmingham  Festival  Choral  Society,  and  in 
1897,  appointed  chorus-master  for  the  Bir- 
mingham Musical  Festival.  He  has  given 
chamber  concerts  in  Birmingham,  1871-3, 
and  1884-6 ;  given  pianoforte  and  organ  re- 
citals in  many  places  ;  whilst  as  a  teacher  his 
work  and  influence  have  been  wide-spread. 
From  1869  to  1878  he  held  organ  appoint- 
ments in  Birmingham  and  Wolverhampton. 
Was  appointed  examiner  for  Musical  Degrees, 
Cambridge,  1884.  He  has  received  many 
tokens  of  appreciation  of  his  work,  the  highest 
compliment  paid  him  being  the  selection  of 
his  cantata,  "The  Maid  of  Astolat,"  for 
performance,  under  his  direction,  oil  the 
occasion  of  the  visit  of  the  Prince  of  Wales 
to  Hanley,  January  7,  1897. 

Works. — Psalm  3 ;  Oratorio,  The  captivity, 
both  in  MS.     Cantatas  ;  The  Voice  of  Spring 


HEIGHINGTON. 

(Hemans),  chorus  and  orchestra,  performed 
by  the  Liverpool  Philharmonic  Society,  1882 ; 
The  Maid  of  Astolat,  produced  at  the  Wolver- 
hampton Festival,  1886 ;  Fair  Rosamund, 
produced  at  Hanley  Festival,  1890  (both 
librettos  by  the  late  D.  L.  Ryan).  Benedictus, 
for  soprano  solo,  chorus  and  orchestra  ;  an- 
thems, songs  and  part-songs,  etc.  Two  concert 
overtures  for  orchestra,  one,  in  F,  composed 
for,  and  produced  at  the  Birmingham  Festival, 
1879  ;  Quintet,  pf.,  and  v^ind,  1882  ;  Trio,  pf. 
and  strings ;  Sonatas,  for  pf.  and  clarinet, 
1879 ;  pf.  and  violin  ;  and  pf.  solo.  Pf.  pieces, 
various  ;  Organ  music,  etc. 

Heather,  oi-  Heyther,  William,  musi- 
cian, was  born  at  Harmondsworth,  Middlesex, 
in  1584.  Lay-vicar,  Westminster  Abbey, 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1615.  Doc. 
Mus.,  Oxon.,  1622.  He  founded  a  music 
lecture  at  Oxford  in  1626.  Died,  July,  1627, 
I  and  is  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  Chiefly 
famous  as  the  founder  of  the  music  lecture- 
ship at  Oxford,  which  ultimately  became  the 
present  professorship. 

Heather,  William  Edward,  composer 
and  pianist,  born  in  1784,  son  of  Stephen 
Heatheb  (choirmaster  at  Eton  College  ;  born 
1748,  died  at  Windsor  Castle,  November  14, 
1831).  He  died  after  1830.  Composer  of 
National  airs  as  trios,  with  variations  for 
harp,  pf.  and  flute  [1820]  ;  Selection  of  Ger- 
man Hebrew  melodies  .  .  .  poetry  by  J.  Hogg, 
London  [1816]  ;  Serenade  for  pf.  and  flute. 
Songs  :  Brignall  banks  ;  Cypress  wreath  ; 
Hygeia,  and  many  others,  by  Sir  Walter 
Scott,  and  others.  Author  of  a  "  Treatise  on 
Pianoforte  Study,"  London  [1820]. 

Hedgcock,  Walter  William,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Brighton,  January  15, 
1864.  Studied  the  organ  and  composition 
under  Dr.  Alfred  King,  and  was  assistant 
organist  to  him  at  St.  Michael's,  Brighton,  in 
1876.  Afterwards  he  was  appointed  organist 
of  Patcham  Church,  near  Brighton,  and,  in 
1879,  went  to  London  as  organist  of  St.  Agnes', 
Kennington  Park,  taking,  later  on,  also  the 
duty  of  choirmaster.  He  was  now  very  busy 
with  concert  work,  and  acting  as  accompanist. 
In  1894  he  succeeded  Alfred  J.  Eyre  as  organ- 
ist of  the  Crystal  Palace,  Sydendam,  and  in  a 
little  over  a  month  after  his  appointment  had 
the  onerous  duties  of  organist  at  the  Handel 
Festival,  which  were  successfully  carried  out. 
He  has  been  solo  organist  at  the  Crystal  Palace 
Saturday  Concerts.  Of  his  compositions 
a  Suite  de  Ballet,  for  orchestra,  was  performed 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  May  16,  1892.  He  has, 
besides,  written^  a  number  of  songs,  of  which 
"  When  bright  eyes  shine,"  and  others,  have 
bacome  popular;  also  some  pieces  for  pf. 

Heighington,  Musgrave,  composer  and 
organist,  born  in  1680.  He  was  an  organist 
at  Yarmouth,  1738,  and  Leicester,  1739.     For 

M 


194 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HELE. 

some  time  he  resided  at  Dublin.  He  was  a 
Doc.  Mus.,  but  it  is  not  known  at  which 
university  he  graduated.  He  died  at  Dundee 
in  1774.  " 

Works. — Ode  for  the  Spalding  Gentlemen's 
Society ;  The  Enchantress,  or  Harlequin 
Merlin.  Six  select  odes  of  Anacreon  in  Greek, 
and  six  of  Horace  in  Latin,  London  [1760] . 
So7igs  :  When  I  survey  that  matchless  face  ; 
Song  upon  a  lady  being  drowned  taking 
pleasure  on  the  sea  with  her  lover,  etc. 
Tunes  in  Alcock's  "Harmony  of  Jerusalem," 
etc. 

Hele,  John,  organist.  Stiident,  and  asso- 
ciate, R.A.M.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1871.  In 
1860  he  was  organist  of  Pennycross  Church, 
Plymouth  ;  and  has  since  held  appointments 
there,  and  at  Devonport,  Christ  Church,  186.3 ; 
St.  Mary's,  1864;  St.  Peter's,  1872;  Compton 
GifEord,  1894.  He  was  organist  at  Morden, 
Surrey,  1865-7 ;  and  of  Bodmin  Parish  Church, 
1868-72.  He  is  conductor  of  the  PI>-mouth 
Choral  and  Orchestral  Association,  Vocal 
Association,  and  other  societies.  In  188.3  he 
was  appointed  borough  organist,  Plymouth, 
and  he  gave  his  2000th  recital  in  that  town  in 
October,  1896.  He  has  published  some  church 
and  organ  music. 

Helmore,  Frederick,  writer  on  "Church 
Choirs,"  London;  and  on  "Speakers,  Singers, 
and  Stammerers,"  London,  1874. 

Helmore,  Rev.  Thomas,  writer  and 
composer,  born  at  Kidderminster,  May  7, 1811. 
Educated  at  Oxford.  Curate  of  S.  ^lichael's, 
Lichfield,  1840.  Priest-vicar,  Lichfield  Cathe- 
dral. Precentor  of  S.  Mark's  College,  Chelsea, 
1842.  Master  of  Choristers,  and  Priest  in 
ordinary.  Chapel  Royal,  1846.  Died  at  Lon- 
don, July  6,  1890. 

Works. — Manual  of  Plain  Song,  1850  (other 
editions,  enlarged);  Primer  of  Plain  Song 
(Novello's  Music  Primers);  The  St.  Mark's 
Chant  Book,  2  parts ;  A  HjTnnal  Noted,  or 
Translations  of  the  Ancient  Hymns  of  the 
Church,  set  to  their  proper  melodies;  Fuller 
Directory  of  the  Plain  Song  of  Holy  Commu- 
nion ;  Harmonies  to  P.salter,  Canticles,  etc.  ; 
Accompanying  Harmonies  to  the  Hvmnal 
Noted..  1852;  Catechism  of  Music,  "  1867; 
Papers  on  Chiirch  Music  read  at  the  Church 
Congress  at  Wolverhampton,  1867  ;  Swansea, 
1879;  and  London,  1868  and  1880.  Christ- 
mas carols,  hymns,  etc.  Trans,  of  "Treatise 
on  Choir  and  Chorus  Singing."  F.  J.  Fetis. 

Hempel,  Charles  Frederick,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Truro,  September  7, 
1811.  Son  of  C.  W.  Hempel  (1777-1855),  who 
was  organist  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  Truro, 
under  whom  he  studied.  He  succeeded  his 
father  as  organist  of  St.  Mary's  in  1844,  and 
in  1857  he  was  appointed  organist  of  St.  John's 
Episcopal  Church,  Perth,  where  he  died,  on 
April  25,  1867.     He  was  Mus.  Bac.,  1855,  and 


HENDERSON. 

Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  1862."  He  composed  "  The 
Seventh  Seal,"  oratorio,  1862  (Degree exercise); 
Songs,  and  pianoforte  music. 

Hempson,  Dennis  A.,  or  Dekys  a 
Hampsy,  Irish  harp-player  and  composer, 
born  in  1695 ;  died  November,  1807.  Sup- 
posed to  have  been  a  skilful  performer,  and 
said  to  have  composed  some  of  the  fine 
national  airs  of  Ireland.  He  played  at  the 
Belfast  fleeting  of  harpers  in  1792.  His 
harp,  dated  1707,  was  preserved  in  the  col- 
lection of  the  Rev.  Sir  H.  Harvey  Bruce,  at 
his  mansion  at  Downhill. 

Hemsley,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Arnold,  Notts.,  in  1838.  Chorister, 
Lichfield  Cathedral.  Organist,  Merivale, 
Warwick,  1857.  Lay-clerk,  Ely  Cathedral, 
1860.  Stipendiary  Choirman,  Christ  Church 
and  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dublin,  1864. 
Composed  anthems,  songs,  etc. 

Hemstock,  Arthur,  organist  and  writer, 
born  at  Bingham,  Notts.,  1845.  Author  of 
"  On  Tuning  the  Organ,"  London  [1876]  ; 
and  composer  of  church  music,  organ  and  pf. 
music,  and  a  setting  of  Psalm  145  [1885]. 
He  is  organist  at  Diss,  Norfolk. 

Hemy,  Henri  Frederick,  composer  and 
organist,  was  born  of  German  parents  at 
Newcastle-on-Tvne,  November  12,  1818.  He 
was  organist  of  St.  Andrew's  R.  C.  Church 
at  Newcastle,  and  latterly  a  professor  of 
Music  at  Tynemouth,  and  of  singing  and 
pianoforte  at  St.  Cuthbert's  College,  Ushaw, 
Durham.  Compiler  of  "  Crown  of  Jesus 
Music,"  in  four  parts,  1864,  etc.  Best  known 
by  his  "  Royal  Modern  Tutor  for  the  Piano- 
forte," 1S58,  which  has  gone  through  numerous 
large  editions.  His  son,  C.  Napier  Hemy,  is 
a  well-known  marine  painter. 

Henderson,  A.  Q.,  author  of  "Philosophy 
of  Music,"  1856.  (Appears  also  in  Manchester 
Papers,  a  Series  of  Occasional  Essays,  v.  1, 
1856.) 

Henderson,  Rev.  Andrew,  clergyman 
and  musician,  born  at  Kirkwall,  Orkney, 
January  4,  1825.  He  was  educated  at  St. 
Andrews,  and  ordained  minister  of  Colding- 
ham,  1847,  and  of  Abbey  Close,  U.  P.  Church, 
Paisley,  1855.  He  was  secretary  to  the 
Hymnal  Committee  of  the  United  Presby- 
terian Church.  He  edited  "  Church  Melodies," 
1858,  1860,  and  1862  ;  "  The  New  Scottish 
Psalter,"  1870,  in  which  several  of  his  own 
tunes  appear. 

Henderson,  J.  Dalgety,  tenor  vocalist, 
born  at  Montrose,  Forfarshire,  December  23, 
1856.  Brought  up  to  a  business  career,  he  is 
now  a  well-known  paper  agent  in  London ; 
but  coming  of  a  musical  family,  he  inherited 
the  gift,  and  studied  singing  at  the  Guildhall 
School  of  Music,  under  Mr.  Richard  Latter. 
His  fine  voice  soon  gained  him  notice,  and  he 
has  sung  with  success  in  most  parts  of  the 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


195 


HENLEY. 

United  Kingdom.  He  appeared  at  the  Mon- 
day Popular  Concerts  in  January,  1883  ;  at 
the  Crystal  Palace  in  IMay,  1885,  and  has 
gained  an  honourable  position  among  the 
vocalists  of  the  time. 

Henley,  Rev.  Phocion,  clergyman  and 
composer,  born  at  Wootton  Abbots,  Wi.ts, 
1728.  Rector  of  St.  Andrew's  Wardrobe, 
with  St.  Anne,  Blackfriars,  1759.  He  died 
at  London,  August  29,  1764.  He  composed 
"  The  Cure  of  Saul ;"  "  Hear  my  prayer," 
and  other  anthems,  hymns,  and  chants. 
"  Divine  Harmony  :  being  a  collection  of 
Psalm  and  hymn  tunes  in  score,"  1798,  two 
vols.,  compiled  in  association  with  Thomas 
Sharp. 

Henniker,  Henry  Faulkner,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Chatham,  in  1839. 
Entered  the  R.A.M.,  and  studied  under  Stern- 
dale  Bennett,  Sainton,  and  others.  A.K.A.M. ; 
Mus.  Doc,  Cantuar,  1889.  Since  1864,  he 
has  been  organist  of  Holy  Trinity  Church, 
Maidstone.  He  is  conductor  of  a  Choral 
Society  there.  His  compositions  include  an 
oratorio,  "  St.  Stephen  ;"  several  operas ; 
"_Who  will  come  with  me?"  and  other  songs  ; 
choruses  for  use  in  public  schools.  A  Manual 
for  the  violin,  etc. 

Henry,  Chaplin,  otherwise  Henry  Chas. 
Stroud,  bass  vocalist,  was  born  in  1826.  He 
■was  originally  a  bookseller,  but  became  prin- 
cipal bass  at  the  Foundling  Chapel.  He  died 
January  12,  1888.  His  daughter,  Elizabeth 
(or  Bessie  Stroud)  was  also  a  vocalist.  She 
married  Mr.  Montem  Smith. 

Henry,  John,  composer,  born  in  North 
Wales,  has  published  a  cantata,  "  Olga,"  for 
soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  produced,  Liver- 
pool, February  9,  1893.  He  has  also  com- 
posed a  number  of  songs. 

Henry,  John  Harold,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Lichfield,  August  5,  1870. 
Appeared  at  concerts  when  thirteen,  and 
later,  entered  the  R.A.M.,  studying  under  A. 
Burnett  and  Prosper  Sainton.  Shortly  after 
leaving  the  R.A.M.,  he  went  to  Leipzig  for 
further  study  under  Hans  Sitt.  On  his 
return  to  England  he  renewed  his  concert 
engagements,  and  in  1892  settled  in  Derby. 
There  he  established  an  Orchestral  Society, 
and  has  given  some  excellent  concerts.  He 
has  published  Scales  and  arpeggios  for  the 
violin  ;  Wiegenlied  ;  Cavatina  ;  Six  Feuillets 
d'album,  for  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Henry,  P.  C,  author  of  "Universal  Sing- 
ing Preceptor  :  exercises  for  the  formation  of 
the  Voice,  the  production  of  a  good  tone," 
•etc.,  n.d. 

Henry  VHI.,  King  of  England,  born  at 
Greenwich,  1491 ;  died  at  Westminster,  1547. 
He  is  accredited  with  the  composition  of  the 
anthem,  "  O  Lord,  the  maker  of  all  things," 
and   a   Latin   motet.     Ha   was  a  patron   of 


HERBERT. 

music  and  the  fine  arts  generally,  and  is  fre- 
quently mentioned  as  having  been  a  musician 
of  some  skill. 
Henshaw,     Grace    Mary    Williams, 

pianist.  Studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  was  the 
first  to  obtain  the  Liszt  Scholarship,  1887. 
Studied  at  Berlin,  with  extension  of  the 
scholarship,  and  made  her  debut  there  in  1890, 
as  a  pupil  of  Klindworth.  Returned  to  Lon- 
don in  1892,  and  is  established  there  as  a 
concert-giver  and  teacher.  She  is  an  Asso- 
ciate of  the  R.A.M. 

Henshaw,  Thomas  W.,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  1780.  Entered  the  Chapel 
Royal,  St.  James's,  when  eight,  and  after- 
wards acted  as  assistant  organist  there. 
Organist  of  St.  Pancras  Church,  London  ; 
resigned  in  1864.  He  died  at  London,  Octo- 
ber 17,  1868,  accidentally  burnt  to  death. 
He  compiled  "  A  Selection  of  the  most 
approved  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  adapted  to 
the  Manual  of  Parochial  Psalmody  of  the  Rev. 
T.  H.  Home. ."  London  [1829],  also  [1843]. 

His  brother,  William  Henshaw  (born  1791, 
died  September  30,  1877),  was  organist  of 
Durham  Cathedral  from  1811  to  1862,  and 
brought  the  choir  to  a  high  state  of  efficiency, 
which  made  it  celebrated  throughout  Britain, 
He  was  a  Mus.  Doc.  (Durham  ?). 

Henslowe,  Rev.  W.  H.,  author  of  "The 
Phonarthron,orNatural  System  of  the  Sounds 
of  Speech,  including  the  Phonodion  or  Ele- 
ments of  Music,"  n.d. 

Henstridge,  Daniel,  organist  and  com- 
poser of  17th  and  18th  centuries,  was  organist 
of  Canterbury  Cathedral  from  1700  to  1730. 
He  composed  anthems  and  other  church 
music.     He  died  at  Canterbury  in  1736. 

Hepworth,  George,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Almondbury,  Yorkshire. 
Studied  at  Hamburg,  and  was  appointed 
organist  of  the  Parish  Church  of  IMecklenburg, 
and  later,  to  the  Cathedral  at  Schwerin.  He 
has  composed  a  Sinfonia  in  G  minor  (pub- 
lished in  the  Organists'  Quarterly  Journal) ; 
a  Concertstiick  for  4  hands,  performed  at 
Chemnitz,  1884 ;  a  Fantasia,  and  other  pieces 
for  organ. 

Herbert,  Edward,  organist,  composer  and 
author,  born  in  1830.  He  was  organist  at 
Perth,  and  of  Sherborne  Abbey  Church,  and 
Wimborne  Minster.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1862.  He  died  at  Wimborne  in  1872. 
.\uthor  of  a  "  Manual  of  the  Rudiments  of 
Music,"  and  composer  of  anthems,  etc. 

Herbert,  Victor,  violoncellist  of  the 
present  day,  born  in  Ireland  (?),  about  1858. 
Grandson  of  Samuel  Lover.  Lived  for  some 
years  in  Vienna,  where  his  Suite  for  violon- 
cello was  produced  in  1885.  He  married 
Fraulein  Forster,  soprano,  of  the  Dresden 
Court  Theatre,  and  with  her  went  to  the 
United  States  in  1886. 


196 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HERON. 

Heron,  Henry,  musician  and  organist. 
He  was  organist  at  Ewell.  Author  of  "  Par- 
ochial music  corrected :  plain  and  distinct 
rules  for  the  more  pleasing  and  correct  per- 
formance of  Psahnody,  to  which  is  added  an 
easy  introduction  to  singing,"  London,  1790. 
Composer  of  songs  and  ballads  sung  at  Rane- 
lagh  Gardens  [1765]  ;  ten  voluntaries  for  the 
organ  or  harpsichord  [1770] ,  etc. 

Heron-Allen,  see  Allen,  E.  Heron. 

Hersee,  Rose,  soprano  vocalist,  bom  in 
London.  Received  her  first  instruction  from 
her  father,  and  studied  later  with  Garcia, 
Madame  Rudersdorff,  and  Arditi.  Made  her 
first  appearance  on  the  concert  platform  at 
the  age  of  eleven.  Her  operatic  debut  was  at 
Her  Majesty's  Theatre,  when  she  sang  as  the 
Mermaid  in  "  Oberon."  Went  to  America  in 
1869  to  join  the  Carl  Rosa  Company,  where 
she  met  with  great  success.  Sang  in  opera 
in  Australia,  New  Zealand,  and  the  Cape, 
1878-80.  In  1881,  was  prima  donna  at  the 
Lyceum,  and  of  the  Royal  English  Opera  in 
London  and  the  provinces.  Has  sung  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  Philharmonic,  and  other  con- 
certs. Married  Arthur  Howell,  contrabassist 
(g.r.).  A  brilliant  vocalist,  she  long  enjoyed 
the  favour  of  the  public. 

Her  father,  Henry  Hersee,  was  a  teacher 
of  singing,  librettist,  and  musical  critic,  re- 
tiring from  The  Observer  in  1894.  He  was 
secretary  of  the  Philharmonic  Society  for 
some  years,  from  1880.  He  died  at  Lewisham, 
May  21,  1896,  in  his  seventy-seventh  year. 
His  chief  works  were  English  adaptations  of 
"  Carmen,"  "  Aida,"  "  The  Merry  Wives  of 
Windsor,"  and  an  original  libretto,  "  Pauline  " 
(founded  on  "The  Lady  of  Lyons"),  for  F. 
H.  Cowen,  produced  in  1876. 

Hervey,  Arthur,  composer  and  writer 
on  music,  born  in  Paris,  January  26,  1855. 
Only  son  of  Charles  J.  V.  Hervey,  of  Killiane 
Castle,  Wexford,  Ireland.  Educated  at  the 
Oratory  School,  Edgbaston,  Birmingham. 
Studied  harmony  under  Berthold  Tours,  and 
instrumentation  with  Edouard  Marlois.  He 
was  originally  intended  for  the  Diplomatic 
Service,  but  from  1880  has  devoted  himself 
entirely  to  music.  For  some  time  he  acted 
as  musical  critic  to  Vanity  Fair ;  and  on 
January  1,  1892,  he  entered  on  a  similar  duty 
on  the  Morning  Post,  in  succession  to  the 
late  W.  A.  Barrett.  He  married  a  daughter 
of  the  late  Sir  Edmund  Harrison,  a  lady  whose 
literary  ability  is  shown  in  the  words  of  many 
of  the  songs  he  has  set.  The  translations  of 
the  three  albums  of  songs  named  below  are 
by  Mr.  Hervey's  father,  author  of  "  The 
Theatres  of  Paris,"  and  numerous  essays 
contributed  to  leading  magazines  and  reviews. 

WoRK-^. — Opera  in  one  act,  The  Fairy's 
Post  Box  (Palgrave  Simpson),  Court  Theatre, 
1885;  Opera  (in  MS.).     Songs:  SechsLiebes- 


HEYTHER. 

lieder  (Heine) ;  Herzens  Stimmen,  six  songs 
(Heine) ;  Neue  Liebeslieder,  eight  songs ; 
Love  of  my  life  ;  May  song ;  Once ;  Mine  all, 
and  many  others.  Dramatic  overture,  liOve 
and  fate,  for  orchestra,  produced  at  St.  James's 
Hall,  November  2I,  1890,  and  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  April,  1892 ;  Suite  for  orchestra  (MS.). 
Romance,  violin  and  orchestra ;  Reverie, 
violin  and  pf.  ;  Cantilene  and  Le'gende 
Espagnole,  'cello  and  pf .  Six  album  leaves ; 
Six  esquisses  en  forme  de  valses,  and  other 
pf .  pieces,  etc.  Literary :  Masters  of  French 
Music  (one  of  a  series  of  works  on  contempo- 
rary musicians),  London,  Osgood,  1894. 

Heseltine,  James,  organist  and  compo- 
ser, flourished  during  the  first  part  of  18th 
century.  Organist  of  St.  Katherine's  Hospi- 
tal, London,  in  the  beginning  of  the  18th 
century.  Organist  of  Durham  Cathedral, 
1711-1763.  He  died  at  Durham,  June  20, 
1763.  Composer  of  anthems,  and  other 
church  music. 

Heullan,  see  Roberts,  John. 

Hewett,  James,  author  of  "  An  Intro- 
duction to  Singing ;  or,  the  rudiments  of 
music,  to  which  is  added  a  complete  set  of 
practical  lessons,  together  with  a  collection 
of  the  best  and  most  useful  psalm  tunes,  and 
several  anthems  by  eminent  masters,  Lon- 
don, 1765. 

Hewitt,  Daniel  Chandler,  musician  and 
writer,  born  in  1789  ;  died  at  London  in  1869. 
Author  of  "New  Analysis  of  Music,  in  which 
is  developed  a  theory  of  melody,  harmony, 
and  modulation,"  London,  1828.  "  The  True 
Science  of  ^lusic,  being  a  new  exposition  of  the 
laws  of  melody  and  harmony,"  186J  and  1864. 

Hewlett,  Henry  Gay,  writer,  died  Feb- 
ruary 25,  1897.  Author  of  "  Autobiography, 
Memoir,  and  Letters  of  Henry  Fothergill 
Chorley,"  London,  2  vols.,  1873. 

Hewlett,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Oxford,  March  16,  1845, 
He  studied  music  under  the  Rev.  L.  G.  Hayne, 
at  Oxford,  and  graduated  as  Mus.  Bac.  there 
in  1865.  In  1865  he  became  organist  in  the 
private  chapel  of  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch  at 
Dalkeith,  a  post  he  retained  till  1871  He 
was  also  organist  of  St.  Peter's  Episcopal 
Church,  Edinburgh,  from  1868  to  1869  ;  of 
St.  Mary's  R.  C.  Church ;  of  the  Edinburgh 
Choral  Union  ;  and  of  Newington  Parish 
Church,  Edinburgh,  1873-1874.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  April  10,  1874,  and  is  buried  in 
Newington  Cemetery,  where  a  monument, 
erected  by  the  Choral  Union,  marks  his  grave. 
He  composed  some  very  meritorious  music 
for  the  organ  and  pianoforte  ;  songs  and  part- 
son,  s,  and  wrote  the  two  well-known  hymns. 
Angelic  songs  ("Hark,  h  rk,  my  soul")  and 
Dalkeitli. 

Heyther,  William,  See  Heather,  Wii> 

LIAM. 


BPJTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


197 


HEYWOOD. 

Heywood,  John,  organist  and  writer  on 
music,  born  at  Birmingham,  1841.  Studied 
pf.  and  organ  under  Jolin  Chapman  (organist 
of  St.  Thomas's,  Birmingham),  and  afterwards 
at  R.A.M.,  under  C.  Steggall,  Walter  Macfar- 
ren,  and  H.  Regaldi.  Has  held  appointments 
as  organist  and  choirmaster  at  St.  Jude's, 
Birmingham,  1863  ;  St.  Mary's,  Aston  Brook 
(and  to  Plain-Song  Choir,  Holy  Trinity, 
Bordesley),  1864  5  ;  St.  Margaret's,  Ward 
End,  1865  ;  and  St.  Paul's,  Balsall  Heath, 
from  1866  to  the  present  time.  Organizing 
Choirmaster  to  Church  Choral  Association 
for  Archdeaconry  of  Coventry,  1871-95  ;  and 
choir  inspector  for  the  same,  1895  to  present 
time.  For  some  years  on  the  staff  of  The 
Choir  and  Saturday  Musical  Bevieiv,  and 
later  of  The  Monthly  Musical  Record.  Com- 
poser of  Try  me,  O  God ;  I  am  the  Lord ;  and 
other  anthems.  Sundry  Festal  Chant  settings, 
hymn  tunes,  songs,  etc.  Editor  of  the  An- 
glican Psalter  Noted  (1864)  ;  The  Choral  Office 
of  Matins  and  Evensong  (1876).  Author  of 
Our  Church  Hymnodj',  an  essay  and  review 
(1881) ;  The  Versicles  and  Responses,  a  paper 
(1886)  ;  and  The  Art  of  Chanting,  London, 
Clowes,  1893. 

Hicks,  Rev.  Edward,  B.A.,  author  of 
"  Church  Music,  a  Popular  Sketch  ;  being  a 
glance  at  its  origin,  development,  and  present 
use,"  Manchester,  1881. 

Hickson,  William  Edward,  composer 
and  teacher,  born  early  in  the  present  century ; 
died,  London,  April,  1870.  Compiler  of 
"  Singing  Master  :  containing  instructions 
forteaching  singing  in  schools  and  families. ." 
London,  1836-42,  6  vols.  "  Musical  gift  from 
an  old  friend  :  containing  24  new  songs  for 
the  young,"  Loudon,  1859. 

Higgins,  Edward,  composer  and  singer. 
Was  a  vicar-choral  of  Dublin  Cathedrals. 
Died  in  August,  1769.     A  composer  of  chants. 

Higgins,  William  Mullinger,  F.Q.S., 
author  of  "The  Philosophy  of  Sound  and 
Musical  Composition,  and  History  of  Music," 
London,  1838". 

Higgs,  H.  M.,  composer  of  the  present 
day.  He  has  composed  a  Suite  de  ballet,  for 
orchestra,  performed  at  Reading,  Jlay,  1891  ; 
Six  pieces  for  violin  and  pf. ;  Sonata  in  C 
minor ;  Prelude  and  Fugue ;  Offertoire  in 
D  minor,  and  other  pieces  for  organ. 

Higgs,  James,  organist  and  writer,  grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1874.  F.R.C.O. 
Was  organist  of  Eaton  Chapel,  Pimlico,  1843; 
St.  Benet  and  St.  Peter,  Paul's  Wharf,  1844 ; 
St.  Mark's,  Kennington,  1852 ;  St.  Michael's, 
Stockwell,  1864 ;  and  from  1867,  organist  and 
choirmaster  of  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn.  An 
Examiner  for  College  of  Organists  since  1867. 
Author  of  Primers  on  Fugue  and  Modulation 
(Novello);  Editor  of  a  Collection  of  Two-part 
Solfeggi ;  Joint  editor  (with  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge) 


HILES. 

of  Bach's  organ  works  ;  and  writer  of  a  series 
of  articles  on  "  Organ  arrangements,"  with 
brief  sketches  of  authors  (Mjisical  Standard, 
1882).  He  has  given  organ  recitals  at  the 
Bow  and  Bromley  Institute,  etc.,  and  in  1883 
was  appointed  professor  of  harmony,  R.C.M. 
Hiles,  Henry,  organist,  composer,  and 
didactic  writer,  born  at  Shrewsbury,  Decem- 
ber 31,  1826.  Received  his  early  instruction 
from  his  brother  John  {q.v.),  and  held  an 
organ  appointment  at  thirteen.  In  J  846  he 
was  appointed  to  a  church  at  Bury,  and  the 
next  year  to  Bishopwearmouth.  From  1852 
he  was  abroad  for  some  time  on  account  of 
ill-health.  In  1859  he  was  appointed  to  St. 
Michael's,  Wood  Street,  London  ;  and  later 
in  the  year  to  St.  Thomas's,  Old  TraSord,  and 
organist  and  teacher  to  the  Blind  Asylum, 
Manchester;  1861,  to  IJowden  Parish  Church; 
1864,  to  St.  Paul's,  Hulme,  Manchester,  which 
he  resigned  in  1867.  Conductor  of  societies 
at  Preston,  Warrington,  and  other  places  ; 
and  of  the  Manchester  Atheneeum  Musical 
Society  up  to  1891.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1862  ;  Mus.  Doc,  1867,  Oxford.  Gained  the 
first  prize  for  an  organ  composition.  College 
of  Organists,  1864,  and  four  others  consecu- 
tively for  anthems  and  organ  music.  Elected 
a  Fellow  in  1865.  Gained  the  prize  for  a 
serious  glee,  1878,  Manchester  Gentlemen's 
Glee  Club ;  and  in  1882,  won  the  IMeadow- 
croft  prize.  Appointed,  in  1876,  lecturer  on 
harmony,  musical  composition,  and  history, 
Owens  College,  Manchester,  and  in  1879  to 
the  Victoria  University.  Drew  up,  in  1890, 
a  scheme  for  the  establishment  of  a  faculty  of 
music  in  conformity  with  the  Charter  of  the 
University,  and  in  1891  was  appointed  per- 
manent Senior  Examiner,  and  Lecturer,  etc., 
as  before.  Professor  of  harmony  and  com- 
position. Royal  Manchester  College  of  Music. 
He  took  an  active  part  in  promoting  what  is 
now  the  Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians, 
from  1882,  and  was  one  of  the  strongest  work- 
ers for  it,  by  pen  and  personal  effort. 

Works. — Oratorios,  David,  I860 ;  The  Pa- 
triarchs, 1872.  Cantatas;  Fayre  Pastoral; 
The  Crusaders  ;  Watchfulness,  female  voices 
'  and  orchestra.  Settings  of  Psalms  46,  90,  96 
and  100,  for  voices  and  orchestra.  Anthems, 
set  vices,  etc.  Operetta,  War  in  the  House- 
hold, 1885  ;  Historic  opera,  Harold  (libretto 
by  Marian  Millar),  composed,  1893;  Installa- 
tion Ode,  Come,  sacred  learning,  Victoria 
University,  1892  ;  Break,  break  (Tennyson), 
chorus  and  orchestra,  1892;  The  Wreck  of  the 
Hesperus.  Part-songs,  various  ;  Songs,  etc. 
Concert  overtures.  Youth,  and  others.  Sonata 
in  G  minor,  Six  Impromptus,  and  other 
works  for  organ  ;  Pieces  for  pf.,  etc.  Educa- 
tional works  :  Grammar  of  Music,  2  vols.  ; 
Harmony  of  Sounds,  three  editions,  1871-2-8; 
Part  Writing,  or  Modern  Counterpoint ;  Har- 


198 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HILES. 

mouy,  Chordal  and  Contrapuntal ;  Harmony 
versus  Counterpoint,  1894.  First  lessons  in 
Singing,  1881 ;  Fingers  and  wrists,  technical 
exercises  for  pf.  Editor  of,  and  contributor 
to.  The  Quarterly  Musical  Review,  4  vols., 
1885-8.  Contributions  to  Musical  Ojnnion, 
and  other  journals  ;  Papers  read  at  meetings 
of  the  Musical  Association,  and  Conferences 
of  the  Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians,  etc. 

Miles,  John,  writer  and  organist,  brother 
of  the  above,  was  born  at  Shrewsbury  in 
1810.  He  held  various  organ  appointments 
in  Shrewsbury,  Portsmouth,  Brighton,  and 
London,  and  was  organist  at  Shrewsbury 
Festival,  1840-41.  He  died  at  Loudon,  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1882. 

Works. — A  progressive  introduction  to 
playing  the  organ,  consisting  of  fifty-five 
Preludes,  Fugues,  Airs,  etc.,  in  two,  three, 
and  four  parts,  from  the  works  of  the  great 
composers  ;  to  which  is  added  some  account 
of  the  instrument  itself ;  a  notice  of  its 
various  stops,  and  the  manner  of  combining 
them ;  with  directions  and  exercises  for  the 
use  of  the  pedals  (Novello),  n.d.  Handbook 
for  the  Organ  (selections).  Short  voluntaries 
(selected).  A  Catechism  for  the  pianoforte 
student,  etc.  Catechism  for  the  organ,  1878. 
Catechism  for  harmony  and  thorough-bass, 
with  key,  2  vols.,  n.d.  Dictionary  of  12,500 
Musical  Terms,  12mo,  1871.  Catechism  for 
part-singing,  n.d.  Juvenile  library  of  piano- 
forte music.  Voluntaries  for  organ,  original 
and  transcribed.    Pianoforte  pieces,  songs,  etc. 

Hill,  Alfred  F.,  violinist  and  composer, 
resident  at  Wellington,  New  Zealand.  Con- 
ductor of  an  orchestral  society  there,  and  a 
concert-giver.  He  has  composed  an  opera, 
"The  Whipping  Boy";  and  two  cantatas, 
"  Time's  great  nionotonie."  produced  at  a 
Festival, Wellington,  in  1894 ;  and  "  Hinemoa," 
performed  at  the  opening  of  Wellington  In- 
dustrial Exhibition,  November,  1896.  Also 
some  compositions  for  orchestra,  etc. 

Hill,  Arthur  Qeorge,  architect,  author 
of  "  Organ  cases  and  organs  of  the  middle 
ages  and  renaissance,  a  comprehensive  essay 
on  the  art  archaeologj-  of  the  organ  ;  containing 
an  account  of  the  most  interesting  specimens 
of  ancient  organs  in  the  churches  of  Con- 
tinental Europe,"  etc.,  London,  1883. 

Hill,  Lord  Arthur  William,  second  son 
of  the  4th  iSIarquess  of  Downshire.  Amateur 
composer ;  was  born  July  29,  1846.  He  was 
lieutenant  in  the  2nd  Life  Guards,  and  comp- 
troller of  H.M.  Household,  1886-92.  Married 
first  to  Annie,  daughter  of  Lieut. -Col.  Cookes 
(she  died  in  1874) ;  second,  to  Annie  For- 
TESCUE  H.\RRisoN,  third  daughter  of  James 
Fortescue  Harrison,  late  !M.P.  for  Kilmarnock 
Burghs.  He  has  composed  some  songs,  etc. 
His  second  wife  composed  "  The  Ferry  Girl," 
St.  George's  Hall,  1883;  "The  Lost  Husband," 


HILL. 

operetta,  London,  1884.  Holiday  songs.  Many 
single  songs :  In  the  gloaming  [1877]  ;  At 
noontide  ;  Sing  to  me  ;  Yesteryear ;  and  manj' 
patriotic  songs.  Pf.  music.  "  In  the  gloam- 
ing "  became  very  popular  when  first  issued. 

Hill,  Frederick,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Louth,  Lincoln,  in  1760.  He  was 
organist  at  Loughborough,  and  York,  and 
died  earl}'  in  the  19th  centurj'.  He  composed 
pf.  music,  songs,  and  music  for  flute,  clarinet, 
etc.  His  brothers,  Joseph,  organist  at  Stock- 
ton, and  Thomas,  organist  at  Pontefract, 
were  composers  of  glees,  organ,  pf.,  and  harp 
music,  etc. 

Hill,  Horace,  composer  and  conductor, 
born  at  Norwich.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1869;  Mus.  Doc,  1878,  Cambridge.  Con- 
ductor of  the  Norwich  Festival  Choir ;  East 
Dereham  Choral  Society ;  North  Walsham 
Musical  Society  ;  and  chorusmaster,  Norwich 
Festival.  Some  time  conductor  of  Lynn. 
Philharmonic  Societj'.  Composer  of  a  can- 
tata, "A  Song  of  Praise,"  produced  at  Nor- 
wich Festival,  1869  ;  and  an  oratorio,  "  Nehe- 
miah,"  produced,  Norwich,  1885.  Concert 
overture,  Norwich  Festival,  1880.  Overtures, 
"May  Morning,"  Norwich,  1886;  "  Y'ew- 
barrow,"  Norwich  Festival,  1893  ;  "  Dawn  to 
Sunset,"  Norwich  Philharmonic  Society, 
May,  1896,  and  others.  Sonnet,  oboe  and 
orchestra.  Quartet,  Benedictus.  Part-song, 
"  The  Calm,"  Norwich  Festival,  1884,  etc. 

Hill,  John,  composer  and  conductor,  born 
at  Norwich,  April  5,  1797.  He  founded,  in 
conjunction  with  Edward  Taylor,  the  Norwich 
Choral  Society,  and  acted  as  chorus  master 
of  the  musical  festivals  from  1826  till  his 
death.  For  some  years  he  was  precentor  of 
St.  ]\Iary's  Chapel,  Norwich.  He  died  at 
Norwich,  July  -8,  1846.  In  conjunction  with 
his  son,  James  Frederick,  he  edited  the  Nor- 
wich Tune  Book,  a  collection  of  tunes  by  the 
most  eminent  composers  .  .  .  ,  1844,  to 
which  he  contributed  several  tunes. 

James  Frederick  Hill,  son  of  above,  was 
born  in  the  imrish  of  St.  ]\Iichael  at  Thorn, 
Norwich,  May  5,  1817.  He  was  a  chorister 
in  Norwich  Cathedral,  and  a  pupil  of  Dr.  Z. 
Buck.  Succeeded  to  his  father  as  conductor 
of  the  Norwich  Choral  Society.  Conductor 
of  the  Madrigal  Societj',  the  Vocal  Society, 
etc.  Sang  before  the  Queen  at  Windsor  in 
1850  and  1859.  In  conjunction  with  R.  K. 
Bowley,  Jos.  Surman,  etc.,  he  aided  in  found- 
ing the  Crystal  Palace  Handel  Festivals.  He 
died  at  Norwich,  March  9,  1877. 

Works. — Hypatia,  a  cantata,  Norwich.  I 
saw  fair  Chloris,  madrigal ;  Old  friends  met 
together,  part-song.  So^gs — The  pearly  dew- 
drop,  etc. 

Theodore  Shalders  Hill,  son  of  J.  F., 
was  born  at  Norwich,  October  30,  1844. 
He  is  a  professor  of   music  at  Birkenhead. 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


199 


HILL. 

Conductor  of  Wallasey  Musical  Society ; 
Wirral  Choral  Society  ;  Birkenhead  People's 
Concerts;  Y.  M.C.A.  Orchestral  Society; 
Blackburn  Orchestral  Society,   etc. 

Hill,  Thomas  Henry  Weist,  violinist 
and  conductor,  born  in  Liondon  (Islington), 
January  3,  1828.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  under 
Sainton;  King's  Scholar,  1845.  F.R.A.M., 
and  sometime  professor  of  the  violin  at  that 
institution.  He  soon  became  known  as  a 
concert  performer,  being  taken  up  first  by 
E.  J.  Loder,  and  then  by  JuUien.  He  toured 
in  America  under  the  management  of  F. 
Burgess,  and  was  the  first  to  play  Mendels- 
sohn's violin  concerto  in  that  country.  Later 
he  visited  the  principal  cities  of  Europe.  On 
his  return  he  was  engaged  in  the  orchestras 
of  the  Opera,  Philharmonic,  and  Sacred  Har- 
monic Societies.  He  was  appointed  conductor 
at  the  Alexandra  Palace,  which  was  opened 
in  May,  1873.  Conducted  the  orchestral  con- 
certs of  Madame  Viard-Louis,  in  1878,  bring- 
ing forward  many  important  compositions. 
At  the  Alexandra  Palace  he  revived  Handel's 
"  Esther,"  November  6,  1875  ;  and  "  Su- 
sanna," April  1,  1876.  The  Symphony  Com- 
petition was  instituted  at  the  Palace  in  1876 
{vide  Davenport  and  Stanford).  He  was  ap- 
pointed Principal  of  the  Guildhall  School  of 
Music,  1880,  an  office  he  held  till  the  time  of 
his  death,  at  South  Kensington,  December 
26,  1891.  He  was  a  fine  artist,  and  an  able 
administrator.  His  compositions  were  not 
numerous ;  they  included  a  civic  anthem, 
produced  at  the  Guildhall,  December  3,  1887 ; 
several  pieces  for  violin,  of  which  "  The  Pom- 
padour Gavotte  "  became  popular  ;  pieces  for 
violoncello,  etc. 

His  son,  Ferdinand  Weist  Hill,  a  vio- 
linist, studied  at  the  Brussels  Conservatoire, 
and  appeared  in  London  in  1892,  and  the 
next  year  played  Vieuxtemps'  Concerto,  No. 
4,  at  a  concert  of  the  Westminster  Orchestral 
Society,  December  20.  He  is  now  (1897)  a 
member  of  the  Queen's  Hall  String  Quartet. 
The  j'ounger  son,  Thomas  E.  Hill,  obtained 
a  violoncello  scholarship  at  the  R.C.M.,  1889, 
and  is  now  resident  in  London  as  a  professor 
of  the  violoncello. 

Hilton,  John,  composer  and  organist,  was 
born  at  the  end  of  the  16th  century.  Mus. 
Bac,  Cantab.,  1626.  Organist  and  clerk  of 
St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  1628.  He  died 
in  March,  1657,  and  is  buried  in  St.  Marga- 
ret's, Westminster. 

Works. — Ayre<,  or  Fa-las  for  three  voyces, 
London,  1627,  also  edited  by  Warren  for 
Musical  Antiquarian  Society,  18'44.  Catch 
that  catch  can ;  or,  a  choice  collection  of 
catches,  rounds,  and  canons,  for  three  or  four 
voyces,  . .  Loudon,  1652.  Service  in  G  minor. 
Anthems.  Elegy  on  William  Lawes,  1648. 
Fair   Oriana,   beauty's  queen,   madrigal  for 


HINE. 

five  voices,  and  Pair  Orian,  in  the  morn,  for 
six  voices,  are  in  the  Triumphs  of  Oriana.  The 
anthem,  "  Lord  for  thy  tender  mercies  sake," 
usually  ascribed  to  Richard  Parrant,  has  also 
been  attributed  to  Hilton. 

Hilton,  Robert,  bass  vocalist,  born  at 
Preston,  Lancashire,  1840.  His  grandfather 
and  father  were  both  singers  in  the  choir  of 
Peuwortham  Church,  near  Preston,  and  he 
himself  sang  bass  for  some  years  at  Preston 
Parish  Church,  whilst  holding  a  clerkship  at 
the  Railway  Station.  In  1869  he  was  ap- 
pointed a  lay  clerk  at  Salisbury  Cathedral, 
and  succeeded  William  Machin  (who  died 
September,  1870)  as  Vicar  Choral  of  West- 
minster Abbey,  an  office  he  still  holds.  His 
voice  is  a  true  bass,  of  great  depth  and  power, 
and  he  has  been  a  successful  singer  in  ora- 
torio. He  appeared  at  the  Norwich  Festival 
of  1878  ;  the  Bristol  Festival  of  1879  ;  and 
the  Chester  Festival  of  1882.  He  has  also 
sung  for  the  Birmingham  Festival  Choral 
Society,  and  at  the  principal  London  and 
Provincial  Concerts.  Of  late  his  chief  public 
work  has  been  in  connection  with  the  com- 
bination known  as  the  Dilettante  Vocal  Quar- 
tette. 

Hime,  Edward,  Laurence  composer  and 
tenor  vocalist,  born  in  Liverpool,  July  26, 
1823.  Sang  at  the  Princess'  Theatre,  Lon- 
don, and  appeared  as  Tom  Tug,  in  "The 
Waterman,"  at  Manchester,  in  1846.  He 
has  written  a  large  number  of  songs,  "  Light- 
house keepers,"  "  Leaves  from  Longfellow," 
"  Coming  of  Age,"  etc.,  and  pf.  pieces,  of 
which  "  Parfait  Amour,"  and  "  Danse  des 
Paysans,"  became  popular.  The  latter  was 
also  arranged  for  orchestra.  A  morceau  fan- 
tastique,  "  Phospho,"  for  orchestra  has  been 
played  in  several  places.  He  has  also  done 
much  in  arrangements,  etc. 

Hindle,  John,  composer,  was  born  at 
Westminster  in  1761.  Mus.  Bac.,Oxon.,  1791. 
Lay-vicar,  Westminster  Abbey,  1785.  He  died 
in  1796.  He  published  a  "  Collection  of  Songs 
for  1  and  2  voices"  [1790],  and  a  "Set  of 
Glees  for  3,  4,  and  5  voices,  op.  2  "  [1790]. 

Hindmarsh,  John,  violinist  and  compo- 
ser, born  about  1755,  died  in  1796.  He  was  a 
pupil  of  Salomon.  Composer  of  "Favorite 
Grand  March,  as  performed  by  the  Stafford- 
shire baud,"  London  [1795] ,  etc. 

Hine,  Benjamin,  music  publisher  and 
composer,  born  in  1796,  died  at  Manchester, 
May  19,  1871.  He  composed  songs,  and  other 
vocal  music. 

Hine,  William,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Brightwell,  Oxfordshire,  in  1687.  He 
was  a  Chorister  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
from  1694  to  1705,  and  a  Lay-clerk  in  1705. 
He  was  dismissed  in  the  same  year  and  went 
to  London,  where  he  studied  under  Jeremiah 
Clark.      Organist  of    Gloucester    Cathedral, 


200 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


KINGSTON. 

1712.     He  died  at  Gloucester,  August  28, 1730. 
Buried  in  Gloucester  Cathedral. 

Works. — Harmonia  Sacra  Glocestriensis ; 
or,  Select  Authems,  in  score,  for  1,  2,  and  3 
voices,  and  a  Te  Deum  and  Jubilate,  together 
with  a  voluntary  for  the  organ,  n.d.  [1730]. 

Hingston,  John,  organist  and  composer 
of  17tli  century,  who  was  a  pupil  of  Orlando 
Gibbons.  He  was  musician  to  Charles  I., 
and  afterwards  organist  to  Cromwell  (1654), 
and  teacher  of  his  daughters.  He  died 
December  17,  1683.  Composer  of  "Fancies 
for  the  Viol." 

Hinton,  John  William,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Edmonton,  Middlesex, 
April  26,  1849.  Studied  at  the  Paris  Conser 
vatoire.  Graduated  at  Dublin,  Mus.  Bac, 
1871;  B.A.,  1872;  Mus.  Doc,  1874;  and 
M.A.,  1876.  Organist  of  St.  Mary's,  Charing- 
cross  Road,  1876 ;  St.  Stephen's,  and  Holy 
Trinity,  Guernsey,  1877-90 ;  and  of  St. 
Michael's,  Woolwich  Dockyard,  1890,  to 
present  time.  Resident  Secretary,  187G  8, 
and  professor  of  organ  and  singing.  Trinity 
College,  London.  He  has  composed  an 
oratorio,  "Pharaoh,"  an  opera,  "  Mazeppa  " 
(1880),  both  in  MS.;  Church  music,  anthems, 
organ  music,  etc.  Editor  of  The  Inter- 
national Organist,  two  series ;  Author  of 
Facts  about  organs  ;  Guide  to  the  purchase, 
etc.,  and  of  A  INIanual  of  Harmonies  for  the 
Gregorian  Tones,  1884. 

Hinton,  Joseph  Harold,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Claydon,  Bucks.,  January 
1,  1862.  Studied  under  Dr.  J.  P.  Bridge,  and 
others.  In  1885  he  was  appointed  organist  of 
Hyndland  Church,  Hillhcad,  Glasgow.  He 
has  composed  a  Setting  of  Psalm  130,  Latin 
text,  produced  at  Glasgow,  April  26,  1887  ; 
a  requiem,  "i\Ian  goeth  forth,"  for  voices  and 
orchestra;  a  cantata,  and  other  pieces. 

Hipkins,  Alfred  James,  F.S.A.,  writer 
on  music  and  musical  instruments,  born  at 
Westminster,  June  17,  1826.  (His  father, 
James  Hipkins,  died  April  25,  1882,  was  for 
many  years  a  contributor  to  the  Musical 
World).  In  business  connection  with  John 
Broadwood  &  Sons,  London.  !Mr.  Hipkins 
made  a  special  journey  to  Berlin  and  Potsdam 
in  1881,  under  the  patronage  of  H.R.H.  The 
Crown  Princess  of  Prussia  (now  the  German 
Empress  Frederick)  to  identify  and  examine 
the  pianofortes  made  by  Gottfried  Silbermann, 
which  had  belonged  to  Frederick  the  Great. 
In  1883  he  was  awarded  the  silver  medal  of 
the  Society  of  Arts  for  a  lecture  on  the  tech- 
nical history  of  the  pianoforte.  In  1884,  at 
the  request  of  H.R.H.  The  Prince  of  Wales, 
he  was  concerned  in  founding  Division  II. 
(Music)  of  the  Inventions  Exhibition,  South 
Kensington,  1885,  and  became  a  member  of 
the  Music  Committee.  He  was  also  chairman 
of  the  committee  of  the  Historic  Loan  Collec- 


HOARE. 

tion  shown  in  the  Royal  Albert  Hall  in  con- 
nection with  that  Exhibition,  and  for  his 
services  was  awarded  a  gold  medal.  At  the 
request  of  H.R.H.  The  Duke  of  Edinburgh, 
he  became  a  member  of  the  committee  of  the 
British  Section  of  the  Musical  and  Dramatic 
Exhibition  held  at  Vienna  in  1892,  and  acted 
as  one  of  the  honorary  secretaries.  He  is, 
from  1895,  honorary  curator  of  the  General 
Museum  of  the  R.C.M. ;  and  a  Fellow  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries,  from  1886.  His  lectures 
on  the  old  keyboard  instruments,  with  his 
illustrations  on  the  clavichord,  spinet,  and 
harpsichord,  are  well-known  ;  they  were  given 
at  intervals,  from  1883  to  1893.  One  occasion 
was  historic :  at  the  Musical  Association, 
June  7,  1886,  when  Rubinstein  was  present, 
and  turned  over  the  leaves  for  the  accom- 
plished player. 

His  writings  include  contributions  to  the 
Encyclopaedia  Britannica  ;  Grove's  Dic- 
tionary of  Music  and  Musicians ;  the  Mjisical 
Times  ;  Musical  Revieic  (Novello,  1883)  ;  and 
the  (now  defunct)  Musical  World.  Author  of 
"  Musical  instruments,  historic,  rare  and 
unique  "  (A.  and  C.  Black,  1888)  ;  The  Cantor 
lectures  on  "  Musical  Instruments  "  (1891)  ; 
"The  standard  of  Musical  Pitch"  (Society 
of  Arts,  February  26,  1896) ;  and  "  A  descrip- 
tion and  history  of  the  Pianoforte,  and  the 
older  kevboard  Stringed  Instruments  "  (Nov- 
ello, 1896). 

Hird,  Frederick  William,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Leeds,  in  1826.  Organist 
of  All  Souls'  (Hook  Memorial)  Church,  Leeds. 
He  was  esteemed  one  of  the  finest  organists 
in  Yorkshire,  and  an  excellent  musician  and 
teacher,  many  of  his  pupils  now  occupying 
leading  positions.  He  was  also  a  good  pianist, 
and  gave  chamber  concerts  with  George  Had- 
dock, 1851-2.  The  splendid  organ  in  his 
house  was  partly  built,  and  wholly  voiced  by 
Schulze.  He  died  at  Leeds,  November  9, 
1887.  He  composed  several  anthems,  in- 
cluding, "  0  God,  our  Defender,"  performed 
in  York  Minster,  Jubilee  Day,  1887  ;  a  col- 
lection of  introits,  kyries,  hymn-tunes  and 
chants ;  Theme  in  A,  and  other  pieces  for 
organ  ;  Canzonetta,  scherzo,  etc.,  for  pf. 

Hirst,  Thomas,  author  of  "The  Musio 
of  the  Church,  in  four  parts ;  containing  a 
general  history  of  music,  including  an  account 
of  Hebrew  music,"  London,  1841.  "The 
Zephyr  .  .  .  containing  a  set  of  original  com- 
mon tunes,"  etc.  [1863] . 

Hitchin,  Rev.  Edward,  Dissenting  min- 
ister, author  of  "  Scripture  proof  for  singing 
of  scripture  Psalms,  Hymns,  and  spiritual 
Songs,"  London,  1696. 

Hoare,  Margaret,  soprano  vocalist, 
studied  under  Sims  Reeves,  and  at  the  R.A.M. 
under  W.  Shakespeare,  obtaining  the  Parepa- 
Rosa  Prize  in  1884.     She  made  a  successful 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


201 


HOBBS. 

Appearance  in  London,  December  19,  1882, 
in  Gade's  "Psyche,"  and  a  few  months  later 
in  Gounod's  "  Redemption."  She  was  heard 
in  many  provincial  towns  in  the  next  year  or 
two.  Sang  at  the  Chester  Festival,  1891 ;  at 
.the  Royal  Albert  Hall,  1893;  and  at  the 
Tonic  Sol-fa  Festival  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
1895,  in  "St.  Paul";  and  is  established  as 
a  singer  of  reputation. 

Hobbs,  John  William,  composer,  and 
tenor  vocalist,  was  born  at  Henley-on-Thames, 
August  1,  1799.  He  was  a  Chorister  in  Can- 
terbury Cathedral,  and  was  articled  to  John 
Jeremiah  Goss.  He  sang  at  Norwich  Musi- 
cal Festival  in  1813.  Tenor  singer  of  Trinity, 
King's,  and  St.  John's  Colleges,  Cambridge, 
and  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor.  Gentle- 
man of  Chapel  Royal,  1827.  Lay -vicar  West- 
minster Abbey,  1886.  He  died  at  Croydon, 
January  12,  1877. 

Works. — Glees.  Songs  :  Brave  old  Teme- 
raire ;  Caliban  [1861] ;  Crier,  or  lost  heart ; 
Dear  father,  take  thy  gentle  child ;  England ; 
Jack's  alive ;  Music  of  the  past  ;  Nina ; 
Phillis  is  my  only  joy  [1848];  Soldier's 
departure ;  Then  you  have  not  forgotten  ; 
When  Delia  sings  ;  Oh  my  own  native  land  ; 
-Captive  Greek  Girl ;  Eulalia,  and  many  others, 
amounting  to  over  100. 

Hobson,    Frederick,  see  Leslie,  Fred. 

Hoby,  Charles,  violoncellist  and  band- 
master, born  in  London.  Studied  at  R.C.M., 
violoncello,  organ,  and  pianoforte ;  and 
instrumentation  for  military  bana  under 
■Charles  Godfrey.  Went  to  India  as  band- 
master of  the  Punjab  Frontier  Force.  His 
iealth  failing,  he  returned  to  England,  and 
•became  a  candidate  for  the  bandmastership 
■of  the  Royal  Engineers,  but  was  disqualified 
on  account  of  not  having  passed  through 
Kneller  Hall.  He  was  then  appointed  organ- 
ist to  the  Royal  Military  Asylum,  Chelsea, 
and  was  engaged  on  the  staff  of  the  Orches- 
tral Times  (dow  the  British  Musician),  to 
which  he  contributed  papers  on  the  violon- 
cello, and  other  subjects.  In  1891  he  went 
to  South  Africa  with  Mr.  Daniel  Godfrey, 
junior,  as  pianist  to  his  opera  company. 
After  an  extended  tour,  he  settled  in  Natal 
as  bandmaster  of  the  Royal  Rifles.  He  has 
composed  a  Suite  for  orchestra,  "  Scenes  of 
■childhood,"  produced,  Durban,  July,  1890; 
a  number  of  pieces  for  violin  and  pf.  ;  Songs, 
etc. 

Hodge,  William,  organist,  born  in  Lon- 
don, in  1862.  Scholar  of  the  National  Train- 
ing School  for  Music.  Appointed  organist  of 
St.  Marylebone  Parish  Church,  1886  ;  Sub- 
organist,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and  organist 
to  the  Royal  Choral  Society,  Albert  Hall,  1888. 
•Gave  recitals  at  the  Bow  and  Bromley  Insti- 
tute, 1884,  and  elsewhere ;  and  conducted 
performances  of  "  Elijah  "  at  St.  Marylebone 


HOECK. 

Church  in  1892.  An  organist  of  exceptional 
talent,  his  career  was  all  too  brief.  He  died 
in  London,  July  15,  1895.  His  brother, 
Herbkrt  Hodge,  also  an  organist,  studied 
at  the  R.C.M.,  and  was  made  an  Associate. 
He  was  appointed  organist  of  Hornsey  Parish 
Church  in  1888,  and  is  now  holding  a  similar 
position  at  St.  Peter's,  South  Kensington. 
He  is  Musical  Director  at  the  School  for  the 
IndigentBlind,  St.  George'sFields,Southwark. 

Hodges,  Colonel  C.  L.,  published  a 
"Collection  of  Peninsular  melodies,  with 
words  by  Mrs.  Hemans,  Mrs.  Norton,"  etc., 
London  [1830]. 

Hodges,  Edward,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Bristol,  July  20,  1796.  Organist 
successively  of  Clifton  Church ;  St.  James 
Church,  Bristol,  1819  ;  St,  Nicholas  Church. 
Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1825.  He  went  to 
America,  1838,  and  was  appointed  organist  of 
Toronto  Cathedral.  In  1839  he  became 
organist  of  St.  John's  Episcopal  Chapel,  New 
York.  Organist  of  Trinity  Church,  New  York, 
1846.  He  returned  to  England  in  1863,  and 
died  at  Clifton,  September  1,  1867. 

Works. — Church  Services.  Anthems.  Con- 
tributions to  the  Musical  Journals.  An 
Apology  for  Church  Music  and  Musical  Fes- 
tivals, in  answer  to  the  animadversions  of  the 
Standard  and  the  Record,  London,  1834.  An 
Essay  on  the  Cultivation  of  Church  Music, 
New  York,  1841. 

Hodson,  George  Alexander,  song-writer, 
who  flourished  in  the  first  half  of  this  century, 
and  died  in  1863.  He  composed  a  number  of 
fine  melodies,  among  which  may  be  named  : 
Tell  me,  Mary,  how  to  woo  thee  [1863] ;  My 
pretty  gazelle ;  Bridal  wreath ;  Briton's  home; 
Child's  first  prayer ;  0  give  me  but  my  Arab 
steed  [1828] ;  Poor  Bessie  ;  Six  ballads  [1830]. 

His  son  George  (born,  Dublin,  1822,  died, 
1869),  was  a  vocalist. 

Hodson,  Rev.  Henry  Edward,  of  Lich- 
field, Staffs.,  is  the  composer  of  a  dramatic 
cantata,  "  The  Golden  Legend,"  performed 
in  London,  May  23,  1881  ;  in  Lichfield, 
Birmingham,  and  other  places,  1882-4. 

Hoeck,  William  Thomson,  composer 
and  conductor,  born  at  Paisley,  June  14, 1859. 
Studied  under  his  father,  Louis  Hoeck,  music 
teacher  in  Paisley ;  also  under  Dr.  A.  L. 
Peace.  Organist  and  choirmaster  Renfrew 
Parish  Church,  1874;  Queen's  Park  U.  P. 
Church,  Glasgow,  1880.  Conductor  of  Paisley 
Philharmonic  Society,  1878-83  ;  Hillside  and 
Pollokshields  Musical  Associations  ;  and  Glas- 
gow Amateur  Orchestral  Society. 

Works  — Orcliestral — Undine,  characteristic 
piece,  1884;  On  the  water,  1885;  Overture, 
1890;  all  produced  in  Glasgow.  Romance, 
'cello  and  pf..  Op.  3;  oboe  and  pf.  ;  Legend, 
pf.  and  violin,  1890  (Prize,  Glasgow  Society 
of  Musicians) ;  pf.  pieces,  various.    Te  Deum, 


202 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HOFFMANN. 

op.  2  ;  A  love  song  ;  How  I  envy  the  ring, 
and  others.     Hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Hoffmann,  Richard,  see  Andrews, 
Richard    Hoffmann. 

Hogarth,  George,  writer  and  composer, 
born  at  Carfrae  ]\Iill,  near  Oxton,  Berwick- 
shire, in  1783.  He  was  educated  at  Edin- 
burgh for  the  law.  Member  of  Edinburgh 
Choral  Union.  Joint  Secretary,  with  G.  F. 
Graham,  of  Edinburgh  Musical  Festival,  1815. 
Contributed  to  the  Harmonicoii,  1830.  Sub- 
editor of  the  Morning  Chronicle,  London, 
1884  ;  editor  of  the  Musical  Herald,  1846-7, 
and  musical  critic  of  Daily  News,  1846  66. 
Secretary  to  Philharmonic  Society,  1850-64. 
He  married  Miss  Thomson,  daughter  of 
George  Thomson.  Died  at  London,  Februarv 
12,  1870. 

Works. — Musical  history,  biography,  and 
criticism,  being  a  general  survey  of  music 
from  the  earliest  period  to  the  present  time. 
Loudon,  1835;  second  edition,  1838,  2  vols. 
Memoirs  of  the  musical  drama,  Loudon,  1838, 
2  vols,  portraits.  Memoirs  of  the  opera  in 
Italy,  France,  Germany,  and  England,  Lon- 
don, 1851.  The  Birmingham  festival  of  1852, 
Loudon,  1852.  The  Philharmonic  Society  of 
London,  from  its  foundation  in  1813  to  its 
fiftieth  year,  1862,  London,  1802.  How's 
Book  of  British  song,  illustrated  by  several 
distinguished  artists,  with  pianoforte  accom- 
paniments and  biographical  and  historical 
notes,  Loudon,  1845,  2  vols.  Contributions 
to  periodical  literature.     Glees  and  songs. 

Hogarth  was  one  of  the  few  cultured  men 
of  letters  who  have  written  intelligibly  about 
music.  His  works  are  all  of  standard  value, 
and  are  still  sought  among  musicians.  One 
of  his  daughters,  Catherine,  married  Charles 
Dickens  the  novelist,  in  1836  ;  and  another, 
Helkn  (Mrs.  Roney),  was  a  vocalist,  and 
taught  singing  in  London,  and  at  the  Ladies' 
College,  Cheltenham. 

Hogg,  James,  the  "  Ettrick  Shepherd,'' 
poet,  musician,  and  general  writer,  was  born 
in  Ettrick  Forest,  Selkirk,  November,  1770. 
Engaged  as  farmer  at  Altrive,  but  chiefly  as 
contributor  to  Blackwood's  Magazine,  and  as 
a  general  writer.  He  died  at  Altrive,  Novem- 
ber 21,1835. 

Works.— The  Mountain  Bard,  1808  ;  Mador 
of  the  moor ;  The  pilgrim  of  the  sun  ;  The 
Queen's  wake;  The  Jacobite  relics  of  Scot- 
land, being  the  songs,  airs,  and  legends  of  the 
adherents  of  the  House  of  Stuart,  Edinburgh, 
2  vols.,  1819-21,  with  music;  The  Border 
garland,  1829,  with  music ;  tales,  fugitive 
pie:es,  etc. ;  musical  settings  of  his  own 
verses. 

Hohler,  Tom,  tenor  vocalist,  son  of  the 
Rev.  F.  W.  Hohler,  Rector  of  Winstone  and 
Colesborne,  Gloucestershire.  Born  in  1889. 
Held   an  appointment  in  the  Civil  Service, 


HOLDEN. 

and  was  afterwards  private  secretary  to  the- 
Earl  of  Dudley,  upon  whose  advice  he  went 
to  Italy,  and  studied  under  Romani.  He 
sang  in  Italy,  Switzerland,  and  Germany ;. 
and  returning  to  London  at  the  end  of  1865, 
he  was  engaged  for  Italian  Opera  at  Her 
Majesty's  Theatre.  He  irwdehis debut,  April, 
1866,  as  ^7-(?t»o,  in  "I  Puritani,"  achieving 
great  success.  He  sang  in  oratorio,  "  Elijah,"" 
Manchester,  January,  1868,  etc.,  and  concerts^ 
in  London  and  the  provinces.  In  1869,  he 
studied  further  under  Pierre  Wartel.  He 
married,  in  1880,  Henrietta,  widow  of  the- 
sixth  Duke  of  Newcastle,  and  retired  from 
the  stage  ;  singing  occasionally  at  concerts- 
for  charitable  purposes,  and  residing  chiefly 
in  Paris.  He  died  at  Monte  Carlo,  May  2,. 
1892. 

Holborne,  Anthony  and  William, 
English  musicians,  who,  in  1597.  publislied 
in  London,  "  The  Cittharne  Schoole,  by 
Antony  Holborne,  gentleman,  and  servant  to- 
iler most  excellent  ^laiestie.  Hereunto  are 
added  six  short  Aers  Neapoliton  like  to  three 
voyces  without  the  Instrument,  done  by  his- 
brother,  William  Holborne." 

Holcombe,  Henry,  composer  and  vocalist,, 
born  Salisbury,  1690.  He  was  a  chorister  in 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  and  afterwards  a  singer 
at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  London.  He  was  a 
teacher  of  singing  and  the  harpsichord  in 
London,  where  he  died  in  1750.  lie  published 
"  The  INIusical  Medley,  or  a  collection  of 
English  songs  and  cantatas  set  to  music," 
1745  ;  "  The  Garland,"  a  collection  of  songs- 
and  cantatas  [1740]  ;  six  solos  for  a  violin 
and  thorough-bass,  with  some  pieces  for  th& 
German  flute  and  harpsichord,"  op.  1,  Lon- 
don, 1745.  Songs:  Duke  upon  duke;  Go, 
happy  paper ;  Happy  man,  etc. 

Holden,  George,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  in  1800.  He  was  organist  of  St. 
George's  Church,  Liverpool,  and  teacher  of 
music  there.  For  many  years  he  acted  as 
conductor  of  the  Apollo  Glee  Club  of  Liver- 
pool. He  died  at  Liverpool,  December  5, 
1856.  Composed  Church  Music,  consisting 
of  original  anthems  .  .  .  psalms,  hymns,  etc. 
[1840]  ;  Sacred  music  by  various  authors.. 
Dance  and  organ  music  ;  anthems,  songs,  etc. 

Holden,  John,  writer  and  composer,  who- 
lived  in  Glasgow  during  the  latter  half  of  the 
18th  century.  He  settled  in  Glasgow  as  a 
potter,  about  1757,  and  was  made  a  burgess 
in  1757.  He  acted  as  instructor  to  the  band 
of  the  Glasgow  College  Chapel,  and  was  in 
other  ways  connected  with  the  musical  affairs 
of  the  University.  The  statement  in  F6tis' 
"  Biographic  universelle  des  Musiciens,"  that- 
he  was  a  professor  at  the  University  is  appar- 
ently based  on  Holden's  connection  with  the 
music  of  the  College  chapel,  or  the  statement 
on  the  title-page  of  the  "  Collection  of  Church. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


203 


HOLDEN. 

Music."  He  issued  "  A  Collection  of  Church 
Mus'c,  consisting  of  new  setts  of  the  common 
psalm  tunes,  with  some  other  pieces  .  .  .  prin- 
cipally designed  for  the  use  of  the  Uni\  ersity 
of  Glasgow,"  Glasgow,  1766.  "  An  essay 
towards  a  rational  svstem  of  music,"  Glasgow, 
1770  ;  Calcutta,  1799  ;  Edinburgh,  1807.  The 
psalm  tune  "  Glasgow  "  is  usually  assigned  to 
Holden. 

Holden,  S.,  Irish  musician,  issued  "  Col- 
lection of  old-established  Irish  slow  and  quick 
tunes  arranged  for  the  harp,  pf.,"  etc.,  Dublin 
[1800],  two  books.  "Selection  of  Masonic 
songs,"  Dublin  [1812]. 

Holder,  Joseph  William,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  Clerkenwell,  London,  1764. 
He  was  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel  Boyal,  and 
studied  music  under  Nares.  Assistant  to 
Reinhold,  organist  of  St.  George  the  Martyr, 
Queen  Street.  Organist  successi\ely  of  St. 
Mary's  Church,  Bungav,  and  at  Chelmsford. 
Bac.  Mus.,  Oxon.,  1792."    He  died  in  1832. 

WoEKS. — Collection  of  catches,  canons  and 
glees,  op.  6  [1787]  ;  Collection  of  songs,  duetts 
and  glees,  op.  14  [1800] .  A  mass.  Anthems 
and  Te  Deums.  Favourite  collection  of  songs, 
op.  4  [1786] .  Six  sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  2  [1785] ; 
Sonatas  for  pf.,  opp.  20,  47,  56.  Twenty- 
eight  preludes  for  pf.  .  .  .  Lassie  would  ye 
love  me  (Oh !  gin  I  were  a  baron's  heir), 
Scots  song,  etc. 

Holder,  Rev.  William,  DD.,  clergj'man 
and  writer,  born  in  Northamptonshire,  in 
1614.  Educated  at  Cambridge.  Rector  of 
Blechindon,  Oxford,  1642.  DD.,  1660.  Canon 
of  Ely.  Canon  of  St.  Paul's.  Sub-dean  of 
Chapel  Royal,  1674-89.  He  died  at  London, 
January  24,  1697. 

Works. — A  treatise  of  the  natural  grounds 
and  principles  of  Harmony,  London,  1694 ; 
another  edition  to  which  is  added  by  way  of 
appendix,  Rules  for  playing  a  Thorow-bass, 
by  the  late  M.  Godfrey  Keller,  London,  1731 ; 
Evening  service  in  C  ;  Anthems,  etc. 

Holdroyd,  Israel,  "  Philo-Musicae,"  an 
English  musician  of  the  first  half  of  the  18th 
century.  He  published  "The  Spiritual  Man's 
Companion,  or  the  Pious  Christian's  Recrea- 
tion, containing  an  historical  account  of 
music,  etc.  ;  grounds  of  music  and  composi- 
tion in  all  branches.  .  .  Psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,"  .  .  3rd  edition,  1733,  5th  edition, 
1753.     Chants  and  anthems,  1733,  etc. 

Holford,  William,  musician  of  the  latter 
part  of  last  and  early  part  of  the  present 
century.  He  was  a  choir-master  at  Manches- 
ter. He  compiled  "  Voce  di  melodia,  being  a 
collection  of  congregational  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,  from  approved  authors,  arranged  for 
four  voices  "  .    .    n.d.  [c.  1820]. 

Holland,  Caroline,  amateur  composer. 
Daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Holland,  and  sister  of 
Lord  Knutsford.   Miss  Holland's  Choir,  under 


HOLLINS. 

her  conductorship,  has  given  concerts  an- 
nually, since  1883,  at  whicli  important  works 
by  Grieg,  Rheinberger,  Tinel  ("  Franciscus," 
1890),  and  others,  liave  been  performed  for 
the  first  time  in  England.  Her  compositions 
include  a  cantata,  "  IMiss  Killmansegg  and 
her  Golden  Leg,"  produced  1883  ;  ballad, 
"After  the  Skirmish"  (Rohilcund,  1858), 
words  by  Sir  Alfred  C.  Lyall,  for  chorus  and 
orchestra,  1896,  etc. 

Holland,  Edwin,  baritone  vocalist  and 
teacher  of  singing,  born  in  London,  March 
24,  1845.  At  first  studied  the  violoncello 
under  A.  Guest,  and  played  in  the  orchestra 
at  Coveut  Garden,  while  Alfred  Mellon  was 
conductor.  Later,  he  took  up  singing,  and 
received  instruction  from  Frank  Romer,  his 
uncle.  He  then  went  to  Italy  and  studied 
with  Victor  IMaurel.  For  some  years  he  sang 
in  oratorio  and  concerts,  but  has  chiefly  de- 
voted his  attention  to  vocal  training.  He 
was  appointed  a  professor  of  singing  at  the 
R.A.M.,  in  1880,  and  resigned  in  1892,  on 
establishing  an  academj'  of  his  own.  He  has 
given  annual  concerts  by  pupils,  and  operatic 
performances,  since  1875.  Author  of  Edwin 
Holland's  Method  of  Voice  Production,  Lon- 
don, R.  Cocks,  in  which  exercises  are  written 
for  each  individual  class  of  voice. 

Hollingsworth,  A.  B.,  comic  singer,  who 
appeared  in  London  music  halls  as  the  "  Man 
with  the  carpet  bag,"  and  in  other  eccentric 
sketches.  He  died  at  London,  October  10, 
1865,  and  is  buried  at  Finchley. 

Hollins,  Alfred,  organist,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Hull,  September.  11,  1865. 
Began  his  musical  training  at  the  age  of  six, 
at  the  York  School  for  the  Blind.  From 
there  he  went  to  the  Royal  Normal  College 
for  the  Blind.  Norwood,  where  he  studied 
pianoforte  playing  with  Fritz  Hartvigsou,  and 
organ  under  Dr.  E.  J.  Hopkins.  He  played, 
at  a  concert  of  the  students,  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  July  10,  1880,  and  at  later  ones, 
showing  remarkable  powers  as  pianist  and 
organist.  His  organ  recitals  in  the  provinces 
date  from  1882,  and  he  has  been  heard 
throughout  the  United  Kingdom  and  Ireland. 
He  has  twice  visited  America,  in  1886,  and 
1888.  Appeared  as  a  pianist  at  the  ^Monday 
Popular  Concerts,  April  10,  1886 ;  and  at  the 
Philharmonic,  May  31,  1888.  He  played  in 
Berlin  in  1885,  and  studied  with  Hans  von 
Bulow,  who  called  him  "  one  of  the  rare  true 
musicians  amongst  the  piano  virtuosi."  He 
is  now  a  Professor  at  the  Royal  Normal 
College.  He  has  composed  a  Concert  Over- 
ture in  C  ;  Preludes,  and  other  organ  music  ; 
pianoforte  pieces,  and  songs. 

Hollins,  George,  organist,  born  in  Bir- 
mingham, I^larch  16,  1809.  Son  of  William 
Hollins,  architect  and  sculptor.  Pupil  of 
\  Thomas    Muuden,    whom    he   succeeded   as 


204 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HOLLOWAY. 

organist  of  St.  Paul's,  Birmingham,  and  of 
the  Town  Hall  (about  1837).  He  was  a  fine 
performer  on  the  organ,  and  an  excellent 
pianist ;  he  was  also  a  good  singer,  having  a 
baritone  voice  of  rich  quality.  He  was  fre- 
quently engaged  in  concert  work,  and  was 
noted  for  his  organ  accompaniment  to  songs. 
Symptoms  of  phthisis  (brought  on  by  over- 
work) manifesting  themselves,  he  was  sent  to 
the  Isle-of-Wight  ;  while  away  he  ruptured  a 
blood  vessel,  and  was  brought  home,  where 
he  died,  December  16,  1841.  Verj-  few  of  his 
compositions  were  published,  but  he  wrote 
many  hymn  tunes  and  chants,  and  a  setting 
of  the  Benedicite  was  very  popular  for  many 
years,  as  was  a  song,  "  Sabbath  Bell." 

HoHoway,  Arthur  Stephen,  organist, 
pianist  and  composer  of  present  time.  Grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac,  1875;  Mus.  Doc,  1894, 
Oxford.  He  has  composed  a  church  cantata, 
•'  The  promised  King,"  for  Advent  and 
Christmas  ;  Songs,  organ  and  pf.  pieces,  etc., 
and  a  School  Board  Singing  Tutor. 

HoIIoway,  H.  R.,  autlior  of  a  "  Manual 
of  Clianting,"  London,  1850. 

Holman=Andrews,    see    Ashton,    Ger- 

TRUD'  . 

Holmes,  Alfred,  violinist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  London,  November  9,  1887.  He 
studied  the  violin  under  his  father,  Thomas 
Holmes,  of  Lincoln.  Sopranist  at  the  Ora- 
tory, King  William  Street,  Strand.  Debut 
with  Henry,  his  brother,  at  Haymarket 
Theatre,  July,  1847.  Appeared  at  Beethoven 
Rooms,  London,  1853.  Played  in  Germany, 
1856;  Austria,  1857;  Sweden,  1857-9;  Norway 
and  Holland,  1860-1.  Settled  in  Paris,  1864. 
Organised  a  quartet  party,  1866.  Travelled 
with  it  in  Holland  Prussia,  and  Germany, 
1867.     He  died  at  Paris,  March  4,  1876. 

Works. — Sipnphonies  :  Jeanne  d'Arc,  St. 
Petersburg,  1867,  I-ondon,  February,  1875  ; 
The  Youth  of  Shakcpere,  Paris ;  The  Siege  of 
Paris,  1870;  Charles  XII. ;  Romeo  and  Juliet ; 
The  Cid,  1874;  The  Muses;  Robin  Hood,  1870. 
Inez  de  Castro,  opera,  1869.  Pf.  music  and 
songs. 

Holmes,  Edward,  writer  and  musician, 
born  near  London,  1797.  He  studied  music 
under  V.  Novello.  Musical  critic  of  Atlas 
newspaper.  Marred  grand-daughter  of  Samuel 
Webbe.     He  died  in  U.S.A.,  August  28,  1859. 

Works. — A  ramble  among  the  musicians  of 
Germany,  giving  some  account  of  the  operas 
of  Munich,  Dresden,  Berlin,  etc.,  with  remarks 
upon  the  church  music,  singers,  performers, 
and  composers,  and  a  sample  of  the  pleasures 
and  inconveniences  that  await  the  lover  of 
art  on  a  similar  excursion  ;  by  a  musical 
professor ;  London,  1828  ;  2nd  edit.,  1830  ; 
3rd  edit.,  1838.  Life  of  Mozart,  including 
his  correspondence,  London,  1845 ;  Life  of 
Purcell  ;    Analytical   and   thematic   index  of 


HOLMES. 

Mozart's  pianoforte  works ;  Contributions  to 
periodical  literature. 

Holmes'  "  Life  of  Mozart"  is  recognised  as 
the  standard  English  work  on  that  master, 
and  is  valued  accordingly.  His  work  on  Ger- 
man musicians  is  now  scarce,  and  is  valued 
for  its  clever  pictures  of  the  German  musical 
manners  of  his  time. 

Holmes,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
born  about  the  middle  of  the  17th  century. 
He  was  organist  of  Lincoln  Cathedral  from 
1704,  and  died  in  1720.  Composer  of  odes, 
anthems  and  songs. 

Holmes,  W.  Gordon,  physician  and 
writer.  Graduated  M.D.,  Brussels,  1882 ; 
L.R.C.P.,  Edinburgh,  1871.  Holds  various 
appointments  in  London.  Author  of  "  Treatise 
on  vocal  physiology  and  hygiene,  with  especial 
reference  to  the  cultivation  and  preservation 
of  the  voice,"  London,  1879 ;  2nd  ed.  1880. 
Various  works  on  the  throat  and  its  diseases. 

Holmes,  Henry,  violinist  and  composer, 
brother  of  Alfred  Holmes,  born  in  London, 
November  7,  1839.  Studied  under  his  father. 
Toured  with  his  brother  on  the  Continent, 
from  1855,  and  played  at  the  Gewandhaus 
concerts,  Leipzig,  December  4,  1856.  Resided 
in  Paris,  Copenhagen,  and  Stockholm,  from 
1864.  Settled  in  London,  and  established  the 
Musical  Evenings,  in  1868.  Led  quartets  at 
the  Monday  Popular  Concerts,  February  12, 
1883.  Sometime  professor  of  the  violin  at 
the  R.C.M. 

Works. — Sacred  cantatas.  Praise  ye  the 
Lord  ;  and  Christmas  Day — the  last  produced' 
at  the  Gloucester  Festival  of  1880 ;  0  may 
I  join  the  Choir  Invisible,  for  baritone  solo, 
chorus  and  strings;  songs,  etc.  Symphony 
in  A,  op.  32,  Crystal  Palace,  February  24, 
1872 ;  No.  2 ;  No.  3,  in  C  ;  No.  4.  Concert 
overture.  Concerto  in  F,  op.  39,  violin  and 
orchestra,  Crystal  Palace,  December  11,  1875. 
Octet,  strings,  1886 ;  Quintet,  strings,  and 
pf .  and  strings,  op.  49  ;  Octet,  strings  and  two 
horns,  1889  ;  Quartets,  strings  ;  and  numerous 
pieces  for  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Holmes,  John,  organist  and  composer 
of  17th  century.  Organist  of  Winchester 
Cathedral  about  end  of  16th  century,  and  of 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  1602-10.  He  was  the 
master  of  Adrian  Batten  and  Edward  Lowe. 
He  composed  services  and  anthems  for  the 
church,  and  madrigals,  among  which  is  "  Thus 
Bonnyboots  the  birthday  celebrated,"  con- 
tained in  the  "Triumphs  of  Oriana,"  1601. 

His  son,  Thomas,  who  died  at  Salisbury, 
March  25,  163S,  was  a  composer. 

Holmes,  Mary,  musician,  authoress  of 
"A  few  words  about  Music,  by  M.  H.," 
London,  1851.  Composer  of  "  Songs  without 
words,  for  pf."  [1850]. 

Holmes  William  Henry,  pianiso  and 
composer,  born  at  Sudbury,  January  8,  1812. 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


205 


HOMES. 

He  studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  where  he  gained 
two  medals.  He  afterwards  hecame  sub- 
professor  of  pf.  at  R.A.M.  (1826),  and  later, 
principal  professor.  First  appeared  as  pianist 
at  Philharmonic  Society  Concert  in  1851.  He 
died  in  London,  April  23,  1885.  Among  his 
pupils  was  W.  Sterndale  Bennett,  J.  W.  Davi- 
son, George  A.  and  Walter  Macfarren,  etc. 

Works. — The  Elfin  of  the  lake,  opera. 
Symphonies  for  orchestra.  Concerto  (The 
Jubilee)  for  pf.  and  orchestra ;  Sonata  for 
pf.  and  violin  ;  Numerous  works  for  pf .  solo  ; 
Songs,  etc. 

Homes,  N.,  D.D.,  author  of  "  Gospel 
Musick ;  or,  the  Singing  of  David's  Psalms, 
etc.,  in  the  publick  congregations,  or  private 
families  asserted  and  vindicated,"  London, 
1644. 

Honeyman,  William  Crawford, violinist 
and  author,  born  of  Scottish  parents  at  Well- 
ington, New  Zealand,  January  30,  1845.  In 
1849  he  was  taken  to  Edinburgh,  and  he 
studied  music  and  the  violin.  Prom  an  early 
age  he  contributed  tales  and  sketches  to 
various  journals,  and  became  connected  with 
■the  "People's  -Journal"  and  "People's 
Friend,"  of  Dundee.  To  these  he  contributed 
numerous  detective  tales,  under  the  pseu- 
donym of  James  McGovan,aud  wrote  various 
novels  and  articles.  He  also  issued  in  the 
"  People's  Friend,"  a  series  of  papers  on  "  The 
Violin :  how  to  master  it,"  1879,  which  has 
been  reprinted  in  book  form.  He  has  also 
published  "  The  Young  Violini^t's  Tutor  and 
Duet  Book,"  1883  ;  "  Three  easy  Fantasias 
on  Scottish  Airs,"  1884  ;  "  Hints  to  Violin 
Players,"  1885  ;  "  The  Secrets  of  Violin 
Playing." 

Hook,  James,  composer  and  organist,  was 
born  at  Norwich,  June  3,  1746.  He  studied 
under  Garland,  organist  of  Norwich  Cathedral. 
Settled  in  London,  and  became  organist  and 
composer  at  Marylebone  Gardens,  1769-1773  ; 
and  Vauxhall  Gardens,  1774-1820.  Organist 
of  St.  John's,  Horsleydown.  Gained  Catch 
Club  prizes,  1772,  1780.  Married  to  Miss 
Madden.     He  died  at  Boulogne,  1827. 

Works. — Miisic  for  draviatic  pieces  :  Dido, 
1771 ;  The  Divorce,  1771 ;  Trick  upon  Trick, 
1772 ;  Double  Disguise,  1784  ;  Jack  of  New- 
bury, libretto  by  Kev.  Jas.  Hook,  1795  ; 
Diamond  cut  Diamond,  1797  ;  Music  mad, 
1807,  etc.  Songs  :  Hours  of  love  ;  Hermit, 
op.  24 ;  Adieu  ma  liberte ;  Along  the  birks  ; 
And  where  are  you  going  ? ;  Believe  not 
youth  ;  Blow  cheerly,  ye  winds;  Bonny  sailor; 
Brown  Bess;  Can'st  thou  love  me,  Mary?; 
Come  out,  my  love ;  Dear  Mary,  he  mine  ; 
Death  of  Auld  Robin  Gray ;  Flitch  of  Bacon  ; 
Gentle  as  the  breath  ;  Gipsy  girl  ;  Hail,  lovely 
rose ;  Hook,  or  by  crook ;  Hours  of  love ; 
Hush  every  breeze  ;  Lowland  Kitty ;  My 
Nancy  was  the  sweetest  maid  ;  Near  Glasgow 


HOPEKIRK. 

city ;  Orphan  Bess ;  Should  fears  alarm ; 
Softly  waft,  ye  southern  breezes  ;  Sweet  lass 
of  Richmond  Hill  (1789)  ;  Thro'  the  braes  of 
Kirkcaldy  ;  What  is  love  ?  ;  Within  a  mile  o' 
Edinboro  town  ;  Ode  for  the  opening  of  the 
New  Exhibition  Room,  1772.  Petrarch's 
Sonnets  set  to  music,  op.  60.  The  Hours  of 
Love,  or  collection  of  sonnets,  containing 
morning,  noon,  evening,  and  night.  Piano- 
forte pieces,  as  sonatas,  op.  16,  54,  etc. ; 
Rondos  and  transcriptions ;  Concertos,  op. 
11  ;  Concertos  for  organ,  op.  20,  op.  55,  etc. ; 
Three  sonatas  for  pf.  and  flute,  op.  71 ; 
another  set,  op.  72  ;  and  another  set,  op.  77. 
Cantatas,  canzonets,  catches,  glees  (Christmas 
Box,  1795).  The  Ascension,  oratorio,  1776. 
Guida  di  Musica,  being  an  easy  introduction 
for  beginners  on  the  pianoforte,  to  which  are 
added  24  progressive  lessons,  in  the  most 
useful  keys,  composed  and  fingered  by  the 
author,  op.  37,  London,  4to,  n.d. 

His  sons,  James  (1772-1826),  dean  of  Wor- 
cester, and  Theodore  (1788-1841),  novelist, 
achieved  much  distinction  in  their  day.  The 
latter  was  also  a  musician. 

Hooper,  Edmund,  composer,  born  at 
North  Halberton,  Devon  [1553J.  Chorister 
Westminster  Abbey,  1582.  Master  of  Chor- 
isters, Westminster  Abbey,  1588.  Gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1603.  Organist  of  West- 
minster Abbey,  1606.  He  died  at  Westmins- 
ter, July  19,  1621. 

Works. — Harmonies  in  The  whole  Booke 
of  Psalms,  1594.  Anthems  in  Barnard's  Col- 
lection.   Contributions  to  Leighton's  Teare's. 

Hooper,  Mrs.  M.,  see  Penna,  Catherine. 

Hooper,  Rev.  Richard,  clergyman  and 
musician,  author  of  "  Music  and  musicians 
(especially  English)  to  the  days  of  Henry 
Purcell    .    .    ,"  London,  1855. 

Hope,  Robert  Charles,  author  of  various 
works  on  dialect,  holy  wells,  church  plate, 
etc.  In  1894,  he  issued  a  book  entitled, 
"  Mediaeval  Music,  an  historical  sketch  with 
musical  illustrations,"  London,  Stock. 

Hopekirk,  Helen,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  near  Edinburgli,  where  her  early  studies 
were  pursued  under  G.  Lichtenstein  and  A. 
C.  Mackenzie.  These  were  followed  by  two 
years  at  the  Leipzig  Conservatorium,  and 
study  under  Th.  Leschetitzki  at  Vienna. 
Her  debut  was  made  at  the  Gewandhaus 
Concerts,  Leipzig,  November  28,  1878,  and 
she  played,  for  the  first  time  in  England,  at 
the  Crystal  Palace,  March  15,  1879,  the  G 
minor  Concerto  of  Saint-Saens.  Then  fol- 
lowed recitals  and  concerts  in  England  and 
Scotland,  up  to  the  year  1883,  when  Madame 
Hopekirk  paid  her  first  visit  to  America. 
Her  first  appearance  was  at  the  Boston  Sym- 
phony Concerts,  December  8,  1883,  and  her 
first  recital  in  New  York  took  place  December 
27.     She  speedily  became  popular,  and  was 


206 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HOPKINS. 

engaged  for  the  Philadelphia  Festival  of  1884, 
and  plaj'ed  in  nearly  every  centre  of  musical 
culture.  During  her  stay  she  gave  upwards 
of  twenty  concerts  in  New  York  alone,  her 
artistic  performances  attracting  large  au- 
diences. In  the  spring  of  1886,  she  was  back 
in  Edinburgh  again,  but  the  next  year  she 
■went  again  to  Vienna,  for  further  study  with 
Leschetitzki.  While  there,  she  also  studied 
composition,  with  Carl  Nawratil,  and  orches- 
tration with  Richard  Mandl.  At  the  close  of 
her  stay  she  appeared  at  the  Vienna  Phil- 
harmonic, and  on  her  return,  at  the  Richter 
Concerts,  London.  Two  more  tours  in 
America  were  undertaken,  and  since  her 
return  to  Europe,  composition  has  chiefly 
occupied  her  time.  Among  her  works  may 
be  named  a  Concertstiick  for  pf.  and  orches- 
tra, produced  at  Henschel's  Concerts,  Edin- 
burgh, November  19,  1894,  the  composer 
taking  the  solo  part  ;  a  Concerto  and  several 
orchestral  works  ;  a  Sonata  for  pf.  and  violin 
(Boston  Quartet  Concerts  and  Chicago  Exhi- 
bition, 1893) ;  and  upwards  of  a  hundred 
;Songs.  Some  songs,  and  a  Serenade  for  pf. 
have  been  published. 

Hopkins,  Edward,  bandmaster,  born 
about  tlie  year  1778.  Formed  the  first  regular 
band  of  the  Scots  Guards  in  1815,  after  the 
return  of  the  regiment  from  Paris.  He  was 
the  first  clarinet  player  of  his  day  ;  and,  with 
a  brother,  was  in  the  orchestra  of  Covent 
Oarden  Theatre,  during  its  occupancy  by 
Charles  Kemble.  He  was  also  at  one  time 
conductor  at  Old  Vauxhall  Gardens.  He 
retired  from  the  army  on  a  pension  in  1838, 
and  died  in  1860,  aged  82.  He  was  the  father 
of  a  family  of  musicians.  His  son  Edward 
became  organist  of  Armagh  Cathedral ;  and 
John  Larkin  (q.v.)  of  Rochester  Cathedral. 
His  daughter,  Louisa,  entered  the  R.A.M., 
in  1831 ;  was  King's  Scholar,  1834 ;  and 
afterwards  an  Associate.  She  married  Richard 
Lloyd,  a  lay  vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey, 
and  after  his  death  settled  as  a  teacher  of 
music  in  Cheltenham,  where  she  died  in 
1880.  The  distinguished  tenor  singer,  Ed- 
ward Lloyd,  is  her  son. 

Hopkins,  Edward  John,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Westminster,  London, 
June  30,  1818.  Entered  the  choir  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  St.  James's,  in  1826,  and 
studied  under  Wm.  Hawes,  in  1833  becoming 
a  pupil  of  T.  F.  Walmisley.  Obtained  the 
post  of  organist  at  Mitcham  Church,  Surrey, 
in  1834;  St.  Peter's,  Islington,  1838;  St. 
Luke's,  Berwick  Street,  1841.  He  played  his 
first  probationary  service  at  the  Temple 
Church,  May  7,  1843 ;  and  in  the  following 
October  was  elected  organist  to  the  "  Hon- 
ourable Societies  of  the  Temple,"  a  position 
he  still  retains.  His  Jubilee  as  an  organist  was 
marked  by  the  presentation  of  a  testimonial 


HOPKINS. 

in  1884 ;  and  on  the  completion  of  fifty 
years'  service  at  the  Temple  Church,  in 
May,  1893,  he  was  the  recipient  of  a  hand- 
some testimonial  from  the  two  Honourable 
Societies  of  the  Temple.  In  1851,  he  became 
a  member  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians  ; 
Associate  of  the  Philharmonic  Society,  1852, 
Member,  1864 ;  was  one  of  the  Founders  of 
the  College  of  Organists  ;  Hon.  R.A.M.,  1871 ; 
an  original  member  of  the  Musical  Associa- 
tion, 1874  ;  and  identified  with  Trinity  Col- 
lege, London,  as  Examiner,  etc.  In  1882,  he 
received  the  degree  of  Mus.  Doc,  from  the 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury;  and  from  Trinity 
College,  Toronto,  1886  ;  He  is  professor  of 
the  organ  at  the  Royal  Normal  College  for 
the  Blind,  Norwood.  His  powers  as  an  or- 
ganist have  been  demonstrated  not  only  in 
the  services  of  his  church,  but  in  recitals  all 
over  the  country,  which  he  continued  up  to 
his  78th  birthday,  June  30, 1896  ;  and  modern 
organ  building  has  been  greatly  influenced 
by  his  writings. 

Works. — Anthems:  Out  of  the  deep;  God 
is  gone  up  (Gresliam  prize  medals,  1838  and 
1840)  ;  The  King  shall  rejoice  (in  celebration 
of  the  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  1863) ; 
God  who  commandest  the  light  to  shine 
(Thanksgiving  for  the  recovery  of  the  Prince 
of  Wales,  1872)  ;  Thou  shalt  cause  the  trumpet 
of  the  Jubilee  to  sound  (composed  for  Her 
Majesty's  Jubilee,  1887,  and  for  which  the 
Benchers  of  the  Temple  voted  Dr.  Hopkins 
fifty  guineas) ;  The  Lord  is  full  of  compassion 
(composed  for  his  own  Jubilee),  performed  at 
the  Temple  Church,  May  7,  1893;  0,  sing 
unto  the  Lord,  and  many  others ;  Church 
services,  hymn  tunes,  and  chants.  Organ : 
Select  organ  movements,  from  the  scores  of 
the  great  masters,  22  numbers  ;  Select  move- 
ments, 15  numbers  ;  Allegro  moderato  in  A  ; 
Adagio  in  D,  and  others.  Chloe  and  Corinna, 
madrigal ;  songs,  part-songs,  etc.  Author  of 
The  organ,  its  history  and  construction,  Lon- 
don. 1855  ;  second  edition,  1870  ;  third  edition 
(with  E.  F.  Rimbault)  1877,  etc.  Editor  of 
madrigals  by  Bennett  and  Weelkes,  for  the 
Musical  Antiquarian  Society ;  The  Temple 
Psalter,  pointed  ;  Book  of  responses;  Purcell's 
organ  music  (Novello).  Lectures  and  papers, 
various,  read  before  the  Royal  Archaeological 
Institute,  the  Conferences  of  the  Incorporated 
Society  of  Musicians,  etc.  Contributions  to 
the  musical  press.  Senior  editor  of  The  Or- 
ganist and  Choirmaster,  his  colleagues  being 
Dr.  C.  W.  Pearce,  and  Dr.  C.  Vincent.  Con- 
tributor of  valuable  articles  on  accompani- 
ment, organ,  etc.,  to  Grove's  Dictionary  of 
music  and  musicians. 

Hopkins,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
brother  of  Edward  J.  Hopkins,  born  at  West- 
minster, in  1822.  Became  a  chorister  at  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral   in   1831,  remaining  there 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


207 


HOPKINS. 

until  1838,  but  was  allowed,  some  months 
previously  to  leaving,  to  take  the  organist's 
duty  at  Mitcham  Church.  He  was  appointed 
to  St.  Stephen's,  Islington,  1839  ;  Trinity 
Church,  Islington,  1843;  St.  Mark's,  Jersey, 
1845  ;  St.  Michael's,  Chester  Square,  London, 
1846 ;  and  to  Kochester  Cathedral,  May, 
1856,  a  position  he  still  holds.  Many  dis- 
tinguished organists  have  been  his  pupils  : 
Drs.  J.  P.  and  J.  C.  Bridge,  E.  J.  Crow,  and 

D.  J.  Wood ;  and  Joseph  Maas,  the  vocalist, 
etc.  His  compositions  include  Church  ser- 
vices, anthems,  a  large  number  of  hymn  tunes 
(many  written  expressly  for  use  at  St.  John's, 
Chatham),  chants,  etc,  A  set  of  twelve 
Sketches  for  pf.  ;  a  series  of  movements  for 
the  organ ;  a  book  of  ten  songs,  etc.  George, 
and  Glanvill  Hopkins,  his  sons,  are  organ- 
ists ;  the  former  at  Gillingham  Church,  and 
the  latter  at  Trinity  Church,  Old  Brompton, 
and  assistant  organist  at  Rochester  Cathedral. 

Hopkins,  John  Larkin,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Westminster,  November 
25,  1819.  Cousin  of  E.  J.  Hopkins.  Cliorister 
in  Westminster  Abbey  under  James  Turle. 
Jle  was  successively  organist  of  Rochester 
Cathedral,  1841 ;  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
1856  ;  and  Cambridge  University,  1856.  Mus 
Bac,  1842,  and  Mus.  Doc,  Camb.,  1867.  He 
died  at  Ventnor,  Isle  of  Wight,  April  2', 
1873. 

Works. — Services  in  C  and  E  flat;  Te 
Deum  in  G  ;  Twelve  anthems  dedicated  to 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Rochester  [1830] ; 
numerous  separate  anthems.  Five  glees, 
and  a  madrigal,  London,  1842.  Part-songs, 
songs,  etc. 

Hopkins,  Thomas,  organist,  brother  of 

E.  J.  Hopkins,  was,  circa  1862,  organist  of 
the  Edinburgh  University  Music  Hall,  in 
Park  Place.  He  afterwards  removed  to  York, 
and  was  for  many  years  organist  of  St. 
Saviour's  Church,  and  also  had  the  care  and 
tuning  of  the  Cathedral  organ.  He  had  a 
rare  gift  as  an  extempore  player.  He  died 
at  York,  March  22,  1893. 

Hopkinson,  Thomas,  organist  and  writer 
on  music,  born  in  York,  October  22,  1826. 
Quite  early  in  life  he  had  a  strong  predi- 
lection for  drawing,  and  wished  to  become 
a  painter,  but  his  father  decided  for  music, 
and  at  the  age  of  eight  he  became  a  chorister 
in  York  Minster.  There  he  remained  for 
nine  years,  a  pupil  of  Matthew  Camidge. 
Two  days  after  leaving  the  choir,  in  1843, 
he  became  organist  of  the  two  churches  of 
Pontefract,  posts  he  retained  until  1856,  when 
he  removed  to  Hull.  At  that  time  there  were 
only  three  music  teachers  in  the  town,  and 
he  soon  found  himself  fully  occupied  with 
teaching  in  the  district.  He  held  several 
organ  appointments.  About  1886  he  retired, 
and  took  up  his  favourite  art  of  water-colour 


HORN. 

painting.  For  forty  years'  past  he  has  con- 
tributed to  the  local  Press,  and  the  musical 
Journals,  letters  on  various  topics,  ana  has 
been  a  strenuous  advocate  of  the  claims  of 
native  musicians,  and  our  own  national  art. 

Horan,  John,  organist,  born  at  Drogheda, 
in  1831.  Organist  successively  at  Booters- 
town,  Sandymount.  St.  Andrew's,  Dublin, 
Adare,  Tuam,  and  Derry.  Sometime  member 
of  the  Choir,  Limerick  Cathedral ;  Assistant 
organist  and  master  of  the  choristers ;  then 
organist  and  choirmaster,  Christ  Church 
Cathedral,  Dublin.  He  has  composed  some 
anthems,  and  organ  music.  His  son,  George 
Frederick,  was  appointed  organist  of  Trinity 
Church,  Rathmines,  in  1886.  He  has  written 
church  music;  "A  voice  in  the  gloaming," 
and  many  other  songs,  some  of  which  are 
popular.  JoHx  HoRAN,  another  sou,  is  solo 
bass  in  Christ  Church  Cathedral  Choir, 
Dublin. 

Horn,  Charles  Edward,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  in  London,  June  21,  1786. 
Son  of  Carl  Friedrich  Horn  (1762-1830),  a 
German  musician  under  whom  he  studied. 
He  also  studied  under  Rauzzini,  in  1808,  and 
sang  at  the  English  Opera  House  in  1809. 
He  studied  singing  under  Thomas  Welsh  in 
1809,  and  re-appeared  as  a  vocalist  in  1814. 
Musical  director  at  Lyceum,  1831-32.  He 
went  to  America  and  introduced  English  opera, 
1833,  and  was  a  music-publisher  in  America 
for  a  time.  Returned  to  England  in  1843, 
and  became  musical  director  of  Princess's 
Theatre,  London.  He  settled  in  America  as 
director  of  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society  of 
Boston,  in  1847,  and  died  at  Boston,  October 
21,  1849. 

Works. — Oratorios  :  Remission  of  Sin  ; 
Satan,  1845 ;  Daniel's  Prediction,  London, 
1848.  Operas,  etc. :  Magic  Bride,  1810 ;  Tricks 
upon  Travellers  (with  Reeve),  1810;  Bee-hive, 
1811 ;  Boarding-house,  1811 ;  Rich  and  Poor, 
1812;  Devil's  Bridge  (with  Braham),  1812; 
Godolphin,  1813;  Ninth  Statue,  1814;  Wood- 
man's Hut,  1814;  Charles  the  Bold,  1815; 
Persia  Hunter,  1816;  Election,  1817 ;  Wizard, 
1817 ;  Circe,  1821 ;  Actors  al  Fresco  (with 
Cooke  and  Blewitt),  1823;  Philandering,  1824; 
Peveril  of  the  Peak,  1826 ;  Honest  Frauds, 
1830;  "  M.  P."  Christmas  Bells,  cantata. 
Songs  :  Ah,  flattering  man  ;  Breaking  of  the 
day ;  Brian  Boru  ;  Chimes  of  Zurich  ;  Cherry 
Ripe ;  Child  of  earth ;  Deep,  deep  sea ;  Desert 
isle  ;  Early  home  ;  Fond  heart ;  He  loves  and 
rides  away ;  I've  been  where  fresh  flowers ; 
Long  time  ago;  Love's  stolen  kiss;  My  bonnie 
barque  ;  Mermaid's  cave  ;  0  never  say  I  stole 
the  heart ;  Old  ocean  is  calm ;  The  sun  is  on 
the  mountain;  Trafalgar;  When  Mary  is 
away ;  Woman's  heart  is  free.  Duets  and 
glees.  Pianoforte  music.  Hindoo  Melodies 
Harmonized,  London,  1840. 


208 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HORNCASTLE. 

His  wife,  bom  Maria  Horton,  was  born  at 
Birmiugham  iu  1811.  She  sang  in  opera  in 
America  and  elsewhere.  She  devoted  herself 
to  teaching  after  18^9,  and  died  at  Morrisania, 
January,  1887.  She  was  a  sister  of  Mrs. 
German  Reed. 

liorncastle,  Frederick  William,  Irish 
composer  and  organist  of  the  present  century, 
who  flourished  about  1810-50.  He  was  organ- 
ist of  Armagh  Cathedral,  1816-23,  and  after- 
wards a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  He 
composed  a  great  number  of  pieces  for  the  pf., 
with  songs,  glees,  comic  rounds,  etc.  He 
compiled  "  The  Music  of  Ireland ;  as  performed 
at  Mr.  Horncastle's  Irish  Entertainments," 
London,  1844,  8  parts,  etc. 

Horncastle,  John  Henry,  author  of 
•'  The  Whole  Art  of  Singing  at  Sight," 
London,  1829. 

Horne,  George,  D.D.,  author  of  "The 
antiquity,  use,  and  excellence  of  Church 
Music:  a  sermon  preached  at  the  opening  of 
a  new  organ  in  the  Cathedral  Church  of 
Christ,  Canterbury  .  .  ."    Oxford,  17S4. 

Horne,  Rev.  Thomas  Hartwell,  scholar 
and  biblical  writer,  born  in  London,  in  1780. 
He  was  a  clergyman  in  London,  and  in  1821 
he  became  an  assistant  in  the  British 
Museum,  where  he  remained  till  1860.  He 
died  at  London,  January  27,  1862.  Com- 
piled "  Manual  of  Parochial  Psalmody," 
London,  1829;  "Selection  of  Psalms  and 
Hymns,  arranged  by  Thomas  Henshaw,  1829 
('lunes  for  No.  1)."  "Historical  Notices  of 
Psalmody,"  London,  1847.  "  Introduction  to 
the  critical  study  and  knowledge  of  the  Holy 
Scriptures,"  1813,  3  vols  "  "  Introduction  to 
Bibliography,"  2  vols.,  and  other  works. 

Horner,  Burnham  W.,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  writer,  born  at  Luton,  Beds.,  in 
1848.  Studied  under  Dr  E.  J.  Hopkins, 
Franklin  Taylor,  and  Signer  Ciabatta.  In 
1868,  he  was  appointed  organist  of  St.  Mary's, 
Mortlake ;  and  in  1867  became  assistant  or- 
ganist of  the  Chapel  Woyal,  Hampton  Court. 
Appointments  followed  at  Holy  Trinity,  Rich- 
mond, 1874  ;  St.  Luke's,  South  Kensington, 
1893.  He  has  appeared  with  success  as  a 
pianist  at  various  concerts.  Of  his  com- 
positions, a  cantata,  "  Penelope,"  was  pro- 
duced at  Richmond,  December,  1890 ;  and  he 
has  published  a  Festival  March  for  organ, 
besides  arrangements  of  the  overtures  to  "  St. 
Polycarp,"  and  "  Hagar  "  (Ouseley).  ilany 
papers  on  musical  topics  have  been  issued  by 
the  "  Sette  of  Odd  Volumes,"  and  in  other 
ways,  including  "Organ  writers  of  the  18th 
and  19th  centuries,"  "Musical  London  a 
Century  ago,"  etc.  He  is  author  of  "Organ 
Pedal  Technique,"  Novello.  189.5. 

Horner,  Ralph  Joseph,  conductor  and 
composer,  born  at  Newport,  Monmouth- 
shire, April  28,  1848.     Educated  at  Leipzig 


HORSLEY. 

Conservatorium,  under  Moscheles,  Reinecke,. 
Hauptmaun,  and  others.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Durham.  Some  time  conductor  of  opera 
at  the  Alexandra  Palace,  Muswell  Hill ;  and 
for  eleven  years  conductor  of  Sullivan  and 
other  opera  companies  in  the  provinces. 
Organist  of  Park  riill  Church,  Nottingham, 
1890-94.  At  the  present  time  he  is  conductor 
of  the  Nottingham  Amateur  Orchesiral  So- 
ciety, and  the  Amateur  Operatic  Company  ; 
and  lecturer  in  music  at  Nottingham  Univer- 
sity College.  He  has  composed  a  dramatic 
cantata,  "Confucius,"  produced  at  Albert 
Hall,  Nottingham,  February  19, 1892  ;  several 
operettas ;  and  has  published  numerous  pf . 
pieces,  songs,  etc. 

Horrocks,  Amy  Elsie,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born,  of  British  parents,  at  Rio-Grande- 
do-Sul,  Brazil,  February  23,  1867.  Entered 
R.A.M.,  in  1882,  studying  pianoforte  and 
composition  under  Ad.  Schloesser,  and  F.  W. 
Davenport.  Won  the  Potter  Exhibition, 
1888,  and  the  Bennett  Prize,  1889.  Elected 
Associate,  1890 ;  Fellow,  1895.  At  the  Acad- 
emy Concerts,  a  Pf.  Trio  in  B  flat  (1887); 
Sonata  for  'cello  and  pf.  (1889),  and  other 
compositions  were  performed.  Resident  in 
London,  as  teacher.  Has  given  Chamber  con- 
certs in  Princes'  Hall,  1891. 

Works. — Incidental  music  to  An  Idyll  of 
New  Year's  Eve,  Chelsea,  January,  1890 ; 
The  wild  Swan,  op.  9 ;  The  winds,  op.  21 ;  A 
Spring  morning,  op.  22  ;  dramatic  cantatas- 
for  female  voices ;  two  Fairy  songs  (Elfin 
sleep-song,  and  The  Fairy  thrall),  op.  13,  for 
soprano  solo,  chorus  of  female  voices,  with 
strings,  harp,  and  triangle ;  two  songs,  op.  3, 
with  orchestra  ;  album  of  twelve  songs,  op.  6  ; 
six  songs,  op.  10 ;  fourteen  songs,  op.  20 ; 
eight  vocal  canons,  op.  15  ;  ten  canons,  op.  18  ; 
songs,  various.  Sonata  in  G,  pf.  and  violon- 
cello, op.  7;  variations  for  pf.  and  strings, 
op.  11;  orchestral  legend,  Undine,  op.  16, 
Queen's  Hall,  February  6,  1897.  Various 
pieces  for  pf.  solo,  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Horsley,  Charles  Edward,  composer 
and  organist,  son  of  William  Horslej',  was 
born  in  London,  December  16,  1822.  He 
studied  under  his  father,  Moscheles,  and  at 
Leipzig  under  Hauptmaun  and  Mendelssohn. 
Organist  of  St.  John's,  Netting  Hill,  London. 
He  went  to  Australia  in  1868;  and  afterwards 
settled  in  the  United  States.  He  died  at  New 
York,  May  2,  1876. 

W^  o  R  K  s  .  —  Oratorios  :  David  ;  Joseph  ; 
Gideon  ;  Glasgow,  1860.  Comus,  cantata  for 
solo  and  chorus  (^lilton),  1874  ;  Impromptu 
for  pf.,  op.  12 ;  Trio,  No.  2,  for  pf.,  \'iola  and 
'cello,  op.  18  ;  Sonata  for  pf.  and  'cello  (1844) ; 
Quartet  for  pf.  and  strings,  1845 ;  six  Lieder 
for  voice  and  pf.,  op.  21.  Anthems.  Pf. 
pieces,  various.  Songs,  part-songs,  etc.  Text- 
book of  Harmony  for  schools  and  students. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


209 


HOESLEY. 

Horsley,  William,  composer,  organist, 
and  writer,  born  at  London ,  November  15, 1774. 
Articled  to  T.  Smitla,  a  pianist.  He  studied 
under  J.  W.  Callcott  and  Pring.  Organist  of 
Ely  Chapel,  Holborn.  Established  Concen- 
tores  Sodales  (society  for  propagating  the  study 
of  concerted  vocal  music),  1798-1847.  Assist- 
ant organise  at  Asylum  for  Female  Orphans, 
1798.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1800.  Chief 
organist  of  Orphan  Asylum,  1802.  Organist 
of  Belgrave  Chapel,  Grosvenor  Place,  1812 ; 
Charter-houpe,  on  death  of  Stevens,  1837. 
He  married  Elizabeth  H.  Callcott,  daughter 
of  J.  W.  Callcott.  He  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  He  died  at 
London,  June  12,  1858. 

Works. — Glees,  canons,  etc.,  published  in 
five  different  collections,  op.  1,  1801 ;  op.  3, 
1806;  op.  4,  [1808];  op.  6,  1811,  and  1827. 
Forty  canons  of  various  species  for  2,  3,  4, 
and  6  voices  in  score,  op.  9.  Vocal  harmony 
(edited)  London,  7  vols.  [1830].  Elegiac  odes 
to  memory  of  S.  Webbe  and  S.  Harrison.  A 
collection  of  Psalms,  with  interludes,  1828. 
Twenty-four  Psalm  tunes  and  eight  chants, 
1844.  Callcott's  glees,  edited  with  memoir, 
London,  2  vols.,  1824.  Airs  of  the  Rhine, 
edited  1828  Pf.  music,  miscellaneous.  An 
explanation  of  musical  intervals,  and  of  the 
major  aud  minor  scales,  op.  8,  London,  1825. 
An  introduction  to  the  study  of  practical 
harmony  and  modulation,  London,  1847. 
Songs   and   canzonets,    etc. 

Horton,  George,  oboist.  Student  and 
Associate,  R.A.M.  Member  of  the  orchestras 
of  Her  Majesty's  Opera;  Birmingham  Fesii- 
val  to  1888;  Leeds  Festival  to  1889;  Three 
Choirs  Festival  to  1894,  as  performer  on  the 
oboe  and  cor  Anglais.  He  has  also  played 
the  oboe  d'amore  in  Bach's  I'assion  Music, 
etc.,  in  Westminster  Abbey  and  elsewhere  ; 
and  long  held  the  leading  position  in  his 
special  department.  He  is  a  professor  at  the 
B.A.M.  and  R.C.M.,  and  a  member  of  the 
Queen's  private  band. 

Horton,  Maria,  see  sub.  Horn,  Charles 
Edward. 

Horton,  Priscilla,  see  Reed,  1\Irs.  German 

Houghton,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  Dublin,  1844  ;  died  there  in 
1871.  He  was  a  chorister  and  deputy-organist 
in  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,  and 
organist  of  St.  Ann's,  Dublin.  Composer  of 
anthems,  songs,  and  organ  music. 

Houldsworth,  John,  organist,  violinist, 
and  composer,  who  was  born  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  eighteenth  century.  He  was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  the  Parish  Church  of 
Halifax  in  1819.  He  played  first  violin  at 
the  Yorkshire  Festivals  of  1823  and  1825. 
Died  after  1836.  He  edited  an  edition  of 
Chetham's  Psalmody,  1832,  and  composed 
several  hymn-tunes,  chants,  etc. 


HOWELL. 

Houseley,  Henry,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Ashfield,  Notts.,  September  20,  1851. 
F.C.O.  From  about  1875  resident  in  Derby, 
and  organist  and  choirmaster  of  St.  Luke's 
Church.  Then,  removing  to  Nottinghan\  he 
became  organist  of  St.  James'  Church  in  1882, 
and  Lecturer  in  Musical  Theory  at  Nottingham 
University  College.  In  1888  he  left  England 
for  America,  as  sub-organist  and  choirmaster 
of  the  Cathedral,  Denver,  Colorado.  He  has 
written  an  opera,  "  Native  Silver,"  performed 
at  Denver,  1892;  a  quartet  for  strings;  a 
number  of  pieces  for  pf. ;  and  some  vocal 
music,  among  which  is  a  part-song  which 
gained  a  prize  given  by  the  Glasgow  Select 
Choir. 

Houston,  Allan,  Scottish  musician,  who 
lived  in  Glasgow  as  a  teacher  of  music  at  the 
end  of  last  and  beginning  of  the  present 
century.  He  published  a  "  Collection  of 
Church  Tunes,  with  a  few  anthems,  canons, 
and  catches,"  Glasgow,  1799. 

Howard,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  1710.  He  was  a  chorister  in 
the  Chapel  Royal  under  Croft,  and  he  also 
studied  under  Pepusch.  Organist  of  St.  Bride's 
and  St.  Clement  Danes  Churches,  London. 
Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1769.  He  died  at  London, 
July  13,  1782. 

Works. — Amorous  Goddess,  opera,  1744. 
Musical  Companion,  a  collection  of  English 
songs,  London,  n.d.  Anthems,  psalms,  can- 
tatas ;  large  number  of  songs  and  instrumental 
music. 

Howard,  William,  conductor  and  violin- 
ist, born  at  Edinburgh,  March  18,  1831.  He 
played  the  violin  in  the  Theatre  Royal,  Edin- 
burgh, under  Alex.  INIackenzie,  and  in  1857 
he  became  musical  director  of  the  Edinburgh 
and  Glasgow  assemblies.  Conductor  of  the 
Edinburgh  Choral  Union,  1863-1865.  He 
died  at  Dumfries,  June  2,  1877. 

Howe,  W.  F.,  author  of  "  Lecture  on 
French  Horns,  ancient  and  modern,  both 
historical  and  practical,"  n.d. 

Howell,  Arthur,  double-bass  player  and 
vocalist,  born  in  1836.  Son  of  James  Howell. 
He  married  Miss  Rose  Hersee,  the  vocalist, 
in  1874,  with  whom  he  travelled  in  Australia, 
etc.  For  some  time  he  was  stage  manager  to 
the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company.  He  died  on 
April  26,  1885. 

Howell,  Edward,  violoncellist,  born  in 
London,  February,  1846.  F.R.A.M.  Professor 
of  the  violoncello  at  R.A.INI.,  and  R.C.M. 
Musician  in  ordinary  to  the  Queen.  Member 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society,  and  for  many 
years  principal  violoncellist  in  its  orchestra; 
holds  the  same  position  in  the  Leeds  Festival 
orchestra  fr  )m  1880 ;  and  at  the  meetings  of 
the  Three  Choirs.  Is  widely  known  as  soloist 
and  quartet  player.  Appeared  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  Concerts  for  the  first  time,  October  27, 

N 


210 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HOWELL. 

1883,  as  soloist  in  Goltermann's  third  violon- 
cello Concerto.  Author  of  a  "  First  Book  for 
the  Violoncello"  (from  Romberg),  etc. 

Howell,  Francis,  composer,  son  of  James 
Howoll,  bora  in  183-4 ;  died,  October  28,  1882. 
He  was  blind  from  1881.  Composer  of  "  The 
Land  of  Promise,"  oratorio;  "Song  of  the 
Months,"  cantata.     Songs,  etc. 

Howell,  James,  double-bass  player  and 
teacher,  born  at  Plymouth,  in  1811.  He 
studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  under  T.  M.  Mudie, 
and  studied  the  double-bass  under  Anfossi. 
Professor  of  double-bass  at  the  R.A.M.  Mem- 
ber of  R.A.M.,  etc.  Ho  died,  London,  August 
5,  1879.  His  son,  Authub,  was  also  a  bass- 
player. 

Howell,  Thomas,  composer,  writer,  and 
pianist,  was  born  at  Bristol  in  1783.  He  was 
a  teacher  at  Bristol.  Author  of  "  Practical 
instructions  for  the  Pianoforte "  [1816J  ; 
"  Lessons  in  all  major  and  minor  keys,  for 
the  pf.,"  n.d. ;  "  Six  progressive  sonatinas  for 
the  pf."  [1817]  ;  "  Original  instructions  for 
the  Violin,"  Bristol,  1825  ;  "  Practical  elemen- 
tary examples  for  the  violin "  [1829]  ;  "  Six 
quartets,  for  2  violins,  and  other  instru- 
ments," etc. 

Howgate,  John,  musician,  who  issued 
"  Sacred  Music :  eighteen  hymn  and  psalm 
tunes,"  etc.,  Manchester  [1810]. 

Howgill,  William,  organist,  born  in  the 
18th  century.  He  was  orgaiiist  at  Whitehaven, 
in  1794,  and  afterwards  in  London.  Composer 
of  four  Voluntaries  .  .  .  and  six  favourite 
Psalm  tunes  [1820]  ;  Purcell's,  or,  the  Welsh 
ground,  with  one  hundred  variations  for  the 
grand  pf.,  London  [1810]. 

Howson,  SCI'  Albertazzi,  Emma. 

Howson,  Qeorge,  earthenware  manu- 
facturer— a  man  whose  work  in  the  cause  of 
music  deserves  a  word  of  record.  With  the 
late  J.  W.  Powell  (q-v.),  he  was  a  pioneer  in 
the  work  of  elementary  vocal  teaching  in 
North  Staffordshire,  and  in  popularizing  the 
Sol-fa  system.  He  gave  up  teaching  many 
years  ago,  but  was  always  a  warm  supporter 
of  any  movement  for  providing  good  music 
for  the  people.  He  was  president  of  the 
Hanley  Glee  and  IMadrigal  Society,  and 
founded  a  scholarship  in  connection  with  the 
Tonic  Sol-fa  College,  for  the  benefit  of  North 
Staffordshire  students.  He  died  at  Shelton, 
Hanley,  April  4,  1890,  aged  seventy-eight. 

Hoyland,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Sheffield,  1783.  He  studied  under 
Mather  of  Sheffield,  and  became  organist  of 
•  St.  James'  Church,  Sheffield,  in  1808  ;  organist 
of  Parish  Church,  Louth,  Lincoln,  1819.  He 
died  January  18,  1827.  Composer  of  anthems, 
songs,  and  organ  music. 

His  son,  William,  was  also  an  organist. 
Hoyle,    John,    musician,  who  flourished 
about  the  middle  of  the  18th  century,  and 


HUDSON. 

died  in  1797.  Author  of  "  Dictionarium  Mu- 
siciB,  being  a  complete  Dictionary  or  Treasury 
of  Music,"  1770.  Other  editions,  1790  and 
1791. 

Hoyte,  William  Stevenson,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Sidmouth,  Devon, 
September  22,  1844.  Received  instruction 
from  Sir  J.  Goss,  and  George  Cooper.  Organist 
of  St.  Paul's,  Hampstead ;  All  Saints',  Kings 
Lynn  ;  St.  Paul's,  Bow  Common,  1862 ;  St. 
Matthew's,  City  Road,  1864;  Holy  Trinity,^ 
Westminster,  1865  ;  and  All  Saints',  Margaret 
Street,  from  1868  to  the  present.  Has  given 
organ  recitals  at  the  Alexandra  Palace ;  the 
Royal  Albert  Hall;  in  Glasgow,  and  other 
places  ;  and  has  also  appeared  with  success 
as  a  pianist.  For  some  years  examiner  to 
College  of  Organists :  Professor  of  organ  at 
R.C.M.,  from  1888;  at  R.A.M.,  1893  ;  and  of 
pianoforte  at  Guildhall  School.  Member  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society.  He  has  composed 
a  "  Book  of  Litanies,  metrical  and  prose, 
with  an  Evening  service";  "The  Choral  office 
for  the  solemnization  of  Holy  Matrimony  " ; 
Church  music,  various.  IMinuet  and  Trio, 
orchestra,  1882  ;  organ  and  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Hubi,Qeorgeanne,  s(?eNEwcoMBE,GEOR- 

GEANNE  H. 

Huckel,  William,  musician,  author  of 
"  Practical  instructions  in  the  art  of  Singing," 
London,  1845.  "  Practical  instructions  for 
the  cultivation  of  the  Voice,  with  a  series  of 
rules  for  its  adaptation  to  the  chamber,  the- 
concert  room,  and  the  stage."    London,  n.d. 

Huddart,  Fanny,  contralto  vocalist,  was 
born  in  the  first  part  of  the  present  century. 
She  sang  in  Italian  and  English  opera,  and 
in  oratorio,  in  London  and  the  Provinces, 
and  had  a  high  reputation  in  her  day.  She 
was  married  to  Mr.  John  Russell,  of  Drury 
Lane  Theatre.  She  died  at  London,  June  28, 
1880. 

Hudson,  Arthur,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  Hull.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  Resided 
for  some  time  at  Clifton,  Bristol ;  now  settled 
as  professor  of  his  instrument  at  Hull.  He 
has  composed  a  Sonata,  a  Romance,  and 
other  pieces  for  violin  and  pf  ,  which  have 
been  performed  at  Bristol,  etc. 

His  brother,  John  William  Hudson,  born 
at  Hull,  is  organist  of  St.  James's  Church 
there,  and  is  the  composer  of  a  string  Quartet 
in  A  minor;  a  Trio   for  pf.  and  strings,  pro-, 
duced  at  Hull,  Bristol,  etc. 

Hudson,  Robert,  composer  and  vocalist, 
born  February  25,  1732.  He  studied  under 
Charles  King,  and  was  originally  a  tenor 
singer  in  Marylebone  and  Ranelagh  Gardens, 
London,  but  in  1755  became  assistant  or- 
ganist of  St.  Mildred,  Bread  Street,  London. 
He  next  became  vicar-choral  of  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  in  1756  ;  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel 
Royal,   1758  ;    Almoner  and  master  of   the 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


211 


HUGHES. 

children  of  St.  Paul's,  1773-93 ;  and  music- 
master  of  Christ's  Hospital.  He  died  at 
Eton,  December  19,  1815.  He  composed 
services,  anthems,  hymns,  and  glees,  and 
edited  "  The  Myrtle,  a  collection  of  new  Eng- 
lish Songs,"  in  three  books,  1767. 

His  daughter,  Maky,  was  organist  of  St. 
Olave,  Hart  Street ;  St.  Gregory,  Old  Fish 
Street,  1790-1801.  She  died  in  London,  March 
28,  1801.     Composer  of  a  few  hymns. 

Hughes,  David,  baritone  vocalist,  born 
at  Landore,  Swansea,  in  1863.  After  singing 
with  success  at  local  concerts,  he  entered  the 
E..A.M.,  studying  under  Manuel  Garcia,  and 
winning  the  Parepa-Rosa  (1887),  Evill  (1889), 
Leslie  Crotty  (1890),  and  other  prizes.  He 
made  his  debut  at  the  Monday  Popular  Con- 
certs, Bristol,  March  10,  1890,  and  speedily 
won  for  himself  an  honourable  position.  He 
has  been  heard  at  the  principal  oratorio  con- 
certs, etc. 

Hughes,  Mrs.  F.  J.,  authoress  of  "  Har- 
monies of  Tones  and  Colours  developed  by 
Evolution,"  London,  1883,  illustrated.  Ap- 
pendix, 1885. 

Hughes,  Q.  A.,  musician  and  teacher, 
author  of  Instruction  Book  for  the  Pianoforte 
or  Organ  for  the  Blind,  London,  1848.  Con- 
gregational Psalmody,  1843. 

Hughes,  J.,  author  of  "Young  Student's 
Musical  Definitions,  London,  1877. 

Hughes,  Joseph,  harpist,  born  in  North 
Wales.  In  1839,  published  a  collection  of 
Welsh  airs,  partly  arranged,  partly  composed 
by  himself.  Soon  afterwards,  this  promising 
young  harpist  and  musician  went  to  America, 
and  was  accidently  drowned  in  the  Hudson. 

Hughes,  Richard  Samuel,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Aberystwith,  July  14, 1855, 
Studied  at  R.A.M.  Organist  at  the  Inde- 
pendent Chapel,  Bethesda,  near  Bangor. 
Published  a  Cantata,  The  Shepherds  of  Beth- 
leham,  anthems,  part-songs,  and  a  number 
of  very  popular  songs.  In  this  last  respect 
he  has  been  called  "  The  Sullivan  of  Wales." 
He  was  an  able  executant,  and  well  known 
throughout  the  Principality.  He  died  at 
Bethesda,  March   5,   1893. 

Hullah,  John  Pyke,  composer  and  teacher, 
born  at  Worcester,  June  27, 1812.  He  studied 
under  W.  Horsley,  1829,  and  at  the  R.A.M., 
in  1832.  Visited  Paris,  and  adopted  Wilhem's 
method  of  vocal  instruction.  ^lusical  in- 
structor in  Sir  James  Kay  Shuttleworth's 
<then  Dr.  Kay)  Training  College,  Battersea, 
1840.  Taught  music  to  schoolmasters  in 
Exeter  Hall,  London,  1841.  Established 
classes  in  St.  Martin's  Hall,  1847-50.  Pro- 
fessor of  vocal  music,  King's  College,  London, 
1844-74 ;  do.  Queen's  College,  London,  and 
Bedford  College.  Organist  of  Charterhouse, 
London,  1858.  Conductor  at  R.A.M. ,  1870-73. 
Musical  Inspector   of    Training   Schools   for 


HUME. 

United  Kingdom,  1872— retired  1883.  LL.D,, 
Edinburgh,  1876.  Member  of  Society  of  St. 
Cecilia,  Rome,  1877,  and  of  Music  Academy  of 
Florence.  He  died  at  London,  February  21, 
1884. 

WoEKS. — Operettas  :  The  village  coquettes 
(Dickens) ;  The  outpost ;  The  barbers  of  Bar- 
sora.  Singer's  library  of  Concerted  Music — 
Secular  and  sacred  series,  6  vols.  Whole  book 
of  Psalms,  with  the  canticles  and  hymns  of 
the  Church,  for  morning  and  evening  service 
.  .  .  London,  1844.  Fifty-eight  English  songs, 
by  composers  chiefly  of  the  17th  and  18th 
centuries.  Songs :  Come  forth  from  thy 
bower  ;  Home  of  our  youth  ;  One  look  of  love  ; 
Free  companion  ;  Joy  cometh  in  the  morning ; 
Message  from  the  battlefield ;  The  storm. 
Motets,  anthems,  concerted  vocal  music,  etc. 
Method  of  teaching  singing,  by  Wilhem, 
London,  1842  ;  do.,  revised  and  reconstructed 
edition,  1850.  Grammar  of  vocal  music, 
founded  on  Wilhem's  method,  1843.  Duty 
and  advantages  of  learning  to  sing,  London, 
1846.  Grammar  of  musical  harmony,  1853  ; 
Exercises  for  do.,  1873  ;  new  edit.,  1873. 
Music  in  the  parish  church,  a  lecture,  Lon- 
don, 1856.  History  of  modern  music:  a  course 
of  lectures  delivered  at  the  Royal  Institution 
of  Great  Britain,  1862  (2  editions).  Lectures 
on  the  third  or  transition  period  of  musical 
history,  London,  1865;  2nd  edit.,  1876.  The 
Song  book,  words  and  tunes  from  the  best 
poets  and  musicians,  1866.  Cultivation  of  the 
speaking  voice,  Oxford,  1870 ;  another  editioii, 
1874.  Grammar  of  counterpoint.  Rudiments 
of  musical  grammar,  n.d.  Notation  :  Brief 
direction  concerning  the  choice,  adjustment, 
etc.,  of  the  musical  alphabet,  1876.  Time  and 
tune  in  the  elementary  school ;  new  method 
of  teaching  vocal  music  and  exercises,  1877. 
Music  in  the  house  (Art  at  Home  series), 
1877.  Exercises  for  the  cultivation  of  the 
voice,  2  parts,  n.d.  How  can  a  sound  know- 
ledge of  music  be  generally  disseminated? 
London,  Longman,  1878.  Reports  to  Govern- 
ment on  progress  of  musical  education  in 
schools.  Contributions  to  periodical  litera- 
ture. See  "  Life  of  John  Hullah,  by  his 
wife,"  London,  1886. 

HuIIey,  William  Frederick,  organist 
and  composer.  Conductor  of  Choral  and 
Orchestral  Societies,  Swansea,  and  organist 
of  St.  David's,  Roman  Catholic  Church  in 
that  town.  He  is  the  composer  of  two  comic 
operas,  "The  Coastguard,"  produced,  1886; 
and  "The  Rustic,"  produced,  1888,  at  Swan- 
sea. 

Hume,  Alexander,  composer  and  minor 
poet,  born  at  Edinburgh,  February  7,  1811. 
Engaged  in  business  and  teaching  in  Edin- 
burgh and  Glasgow.  He  died  at  Glasgow, 
February  4,  1859. 

Works. — The  English  Hymn  Tune  Book, 


212 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


HUME. 

containing  two  hundred  and  four  of  the  most 
commo7i  hymns  used  in  England:  arranged 
for  four  voices,  Edinburgh,  n.d.  Anthems 
and  Sacred  Songs,  containing  fifty-four  pieces, 
Edinburgh,  n.d.  Gall's  Psalm  and  Hymn 
Book,  Edinburgh,  1842.  Six  sensible  songs. 
So7igs  :  Afton  Water  ;  My  ain  dear  Nell ;  The 
Scottish  emigrant's  farewell,  etc.  Glees  and 
duets.  Poems,  various.  Hume's  version  of 
"  Afton  Water  "  is  now  the  one  almost  univers- 
ally sung  to  Burns'  song. 

Hume,  J.  Ord,  bandmaster  and  composer, 
born  in  Edinburgh,  September  14,  1864.  He 
joined  the  Duke  of  Biiccleugh's  Dalkeith 
Militia  when  eleven  years  old,  and  became 
solo  cornet  a  year  later,  studying  under  Alex- 
ander ]\Iillcr.  When  sixteen  he  went  to  the 
band  of  the  Royal  Scots  Greys  as  solo  cornet, 
and  remained  with  the  regiment  until  1887. 
He  was  then  appointed  organist  of  the  ]\Iilitary 
Presbyterian  Church,  Aldershot,  and  band- 
master of  Aldershot  Town,  and  Farnham 
Institute  bands.  After  holding  various  other 
appointments,  he  became  bandmaster  of  the 
3rd  V.B.,  Durham  Light  Infantry,  Sunderland. 
He  is  also  professional  teacher  to  many  bands 
in  the  district ;  and  in  a  contest  held  at  New- 
castle-on-Tyne,  November  16,  1895,  his  bands 
carried  off  the  1st,  2nd,  3rd,  5th,  and  divided 
the  6th  and  7th  prizes.  As  an  adjudicator,  he 
has  had  much  work,  and  headed  the  list  in 
1895.  He  has  written  upwards  of  500  pieces, 
and  is  the  principal  writer  for  A.  Haigh's 
Brass  Band  Journal,  and  TJie  Cornet  Band 
Journal.  A  book  of  sixteen  marches  by  him 
is  published  by  Rudall  Carte  &  Co. 

Hume, Tobias,  English  military  officer  and 
musician,  was  a  performer  on  the  viol-da- 
gamba,  and  a  colonel  in  the  army.  Died  in 
the  Charterhouse,  London,  1645.  He  wrote 
"The  First  Part  of  Ayres,  French,  Pollish, 
and  others  together,  some  in  Tablitnre  and 
some  in  Pricke,"  1605;  "Captain  Hume's 
Poeticall  IMusickc,  principally  made  for  two 
Basse  VioUs,  yet  so  construed  that  it  may  be 
plaied  eight  several  waies,  upon  sundrie 
instruments,  with  much  facilitie,"  1607. 

Hume,  William,  composer  and  editor, 
son  of  Alexander  Hume,  born  at  Edinburgh, 
September  25,  1830.  Settled  in  Glasgow  as 
teacher  of  violin  and  singing.  Editor  of 
musical  publications  of  Mr.  Hamilton,  Glas- 
gow ;  Gall  and  Inglis,  Edinburgh ;  and  Par- 
lane,  Paisley.  For  some  years,  from  1872, 
musical  critic  of  The  Bailie,  Glasgow,  and 
contributor  to  various  musical  journals.  His 
compositions  include  the  cantatas:  The  call 
to  battle ;  Blind  Bartimeus ;  and  Psalm  67, 
for  treble  voices.  A  motet  for  soli  and  chorus. 
Answer  me,  burning  stars  of  night  (Hemans); 
Anthems,  songs,  and  part-songs.  Editor  of 
Union  Sacred  Tune-book  ;  The  Westminster 
Wesleyan    Tune-book ;     Psalni    and    Hymn 


HUNT. 

tunes,  with  supplement  of  anthems ;  Harmo- 
nium Tune-book,  etc. 

Humphrey,  Pelham,  or  Humfrey,  com- 
poser, was  born  in  1647.  Chorister  in  the 
Chapel  Royal,  under  Henry  Cook,  1660,  and 
a  pupil  of  LuUi,  at  Paris,  in  1664.  Gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1667.  Master  of  Chor- 
isters, do.,  1672.  He  died  at  Windsor,  July 
14,  1674. 

Works. — Anthems  and  Services  in  collec- 
tions of  Clifford,  Boyce,  Tudway,  etc. ;  Haste 
Thee,  0  God  ;  Have  mercy  upon  me ;  Hear, 
0  heavens ;  Like  as  the  hart ;  Lord,  teach  us ; 
0  Lord  my  God  ;  Rejoice  in  the  Lord  ;  Thou 
art  my  King,  O  God.  Odes  on  the  King's 
Birthday,  and  on  New  Year's  Day.  Songs  in 
various  collections,  etc. 

Humphries,  John,  composer  and  violin- 
ist of  the  18th  century ;  died  in  1730. 

Works. — 12  Concertos  in  seven  parts,  for 
2  violins  and  violoncello  obligate,  etc.,  op.  2. 
12  Concertos  in  seven  parts,  for  the  following 
instruments :  one  for  2  trumpets  and  kettle- 
drums ;  tw^o  for  2  hautboys  and  violins,  etc., 
op.  3. 

Hunnis,  William,  musician  and  author 
of  the  16th  century.  He  was  a  Gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Royal  in  the  time  of  Edward 
VI.,  but  was  dismissed  by  Mary  for  his  part 
in  plots  against  the  Roman  Catholics.  On 
the  accession  of  Elizabeth,  he  was  reinstated 
at  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  became  custodian 
of  gardens  and  orchards  at  Greenwich,  1562  ; 
and  master  of  the  children  of  the  Chapel 
Royal,  in  succession  to  Edwardes,  1566.  He 
died  on  June  6,  1597. 

Works. — Certayne  Psalms  chosen  out  of 
the  Psalter  of  David  and  drawen  furth  into 
English  meter,  Loudon,  1549.  A  hyve  full 
hunnye,  containing  the  first  booke  of  Moses, 
called  Genesis,  turned  into  Englishe  meetre, 
Loudon,  1578.  Seven  sobs  of  a  sorrowful 
soule  for  siune,  .  .  whereunto  are  annexed 
his  handfuU  of  honisuckles,  London,  1583; 
also  1585,  1587,  1621,  etc.  Hunnies'  recrea- 
tions, containing  foure  Godlie  and  compen- 
dious discourses,  London,  1588.  Music  in 
MS.,  preserved  in  the  Music  School  of  Oxford. 

Hunt,  Anna,  see  Thillon,  Anna. 

Hunt,  Arabella,  vocalist  and  lutenist  of 
the  17th  century.  She  was  attached  to  the 
family  of  Queen  Mary,  as  a  teacher,  and  was 
much  esteemed  as  a  performer.  Blow,  Pur- 
cell,  and  other  musicians  were  among  her 
friends,  and  poems  on  her  were  written  by 
Congreve  and  H  ghes.  She  died  on  Decem- 
ber 26, 1705.     Kneller  painted  her  portrait. 

Hunt,  Rev.  Henry  George  Bonavia, 
writer  on  music,  born  at  IMalta,  June  30, 1847. 
Privatelj'  educated  in  music.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  1876,  Oxford  ;  Mus.  Bac.  and 
Mus.  Doc,  Dublin,  1887.  F.R.S.E.,  L.T.C  L. 
Choirmaster,  South  Hackney  Parish  Church, 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


213 


HUNT. 

1872-5.  Warden  of  Trinity  College,  London, 
1872-92 ;  Professor  of  Musical  History,  1876- 
87  ;  aud  Professor  Emeritus,  1892.  Appointed 
Curate  and  evening  preacher,  St.  James's, 
Piccadilly.  1881 ;  Incumbent  of  St.  Paul's, 
Kilburn,  1887.  His  compositions  are,  "The 
Angels'  Song,"  and  Psalm  133,  for  soli,  chorus 
and  orchestra  (degree  exercises) ;  an  Evening 
Service,  and  anthems.  Author  of  Concise 
History  of  Music  for  the  use  of  Students, 
Cambridge,  Deighton,  Bell,  and  Co.,  1878, 
now  in  its  13th  edition.  Also,  of  many  papers 
read  at  Trinity  College,  London ;  at  the 
Social  Science  Congress,  1883,  etc. 

Hunt,  John,  organist  and  composer,  born 
at  Marnhull,  Dorset,  December  30,  1806. 
Chorister  of  Salisbury  Cathedral  frona  1813, 
and  afterwards  articled  to  A.  T.  Corfe.  He 
was  educated  at  Salisbury  Grammar  School 
till  1827,  and  in  that  year  he  became 
lay-vicar  of  Lichfield  Caihedral,  where  he 
remained  till  1835.  He  became  organist  of 
Hareford  cathedral  in  succession  to  S.  Wesley 
in  1835.  Died  at  Hareford,  November  17, 
1842,  from  the  results  of  an  accident  at  an 
audit  dinner. 

A  collection  of  his  songs,  with  a  memoir, 
was  issued  in  1843. 

"^  Hunt,  Thomas,  composer  of  the  16th 
century,  who  wrote  the  madrigal,  "  Hark ! 
did  you  ever  heare  so  sweet  a  singing,"'  for 
six  voices,  in  the  "  Triumphs  of  Oriana." 
Beyond  tnis  there  is  nothing  known  about 
him,  though  it  is  stated  he  was  a  bachelor  of 
music. 

Hunt,  T.,  musician,  compiler  of  a  "Selec- 
tion of  40  Sacred  Melodies,  adapted  to  the 
Psalms  .  .  .  n.d. 

Hunt,  William  Henry,  composer  and 
teacher  of  singing,  born  in  London,  in  1852. 
Educated  at  the  Cooper's  School,  Ratcliffe, 
and  was  for  years  teacher  of  general  subjects 
in  different  schools.  About  1875,  he  went  to 
Birkenhead  as  school  master,  and  gradually 
drifted  into  the  profession  of  music,  an  art 
he  bad  studied  since  his  twelfth  year.  He 
was  mostly  self-taught.  In  1880,  be  graduated 
Mus.  Bac. ,  London,  being  with  H.  K.  Moore 
(q.v.),  thefirst  recipientof  thatdegree;andtook 
the  Mus.  Doc.  in  1886.  He  was  a  busy  worker 
up  to  the  spring  of  1894,  when  he  was  smitten 
with  paralysis.  He  rallied  for  a  time,  but 
died  at  Birkenhead,  December  6,  1894.  His 
•wcrks  include  a  Stabat  Mater  for  soli,  eight- 
part  chorus,  and  orchestra ;  Church  services 
and  anthems.  Two  comic  Operas,  "  Rumtifoo, 
or  wrecked  on  a  Princess,"  and  "  Utopia,  or 
the  finger  of  fate,"  produced,  Birkenhad,  May 
4,  1891 ;  a  number  of  songs;  studies  and  ex- 
ercises for  pf. ,  etc. 

Hunter,  Thomas  Munro,  vocal  teacher 
and  tenor  singer,  was  born  at  Alloa,  N  B.,  in 
1820.     He  settled  as  a  teacher  and  concert- 


HUTCHESON. 

giver  in  Edinburgh,  and  became  precentor  of 
various  churches.  He  was  well-known  ia 
Edinburgh  as  a  teacher  of  singing  in  schools, 
for  which  he  wrote  various  elementary  col- 
lections of  exercises  and  songs.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  July  16,  1886,  from  the  effects  of 
a  gig  accident. 

Huntley,  George  Frederic,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Datchet,  Bucks,  May  31, 
1859.  Studied  under  Dr.  Keeton,  C.  Hancock, 
;ind  Sir  G.  Elvey,  at  St.  George's  Chapel, 
Windsor.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge, 
1887  ;  Mus.  Doc,  1894.  Organist  and  Choir- 
master successively  at  St.  George's,  Kensing- 
ton, 1880;  St.  Andrew's,  Westminster,  1890; 
Newcastle  Cathedral,  1894 ;  and  St.  Peter's, 
Eaton  Square,  London,  1895.  Conducted 
Annual  Festivals  of  Association  of  Kensington 
Church  Choirs,  and  was  also  conductor  of 
Staines  Choral  Society,  Twickenham  Sym- 
phony Society ;  holding  at  present  the  con- 
ductorship  of  the  Church  Orchestral  Society. 
While  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne  he  revived  the 
orchestral  services  in  the  Cathedral,  in  1894, 
and  produced,  for  the  first  time  there,  Bach's 
Matthew  Passion,  in  Holv  Week,  1895.  He 
is  A.R.C.M.,  L.R.A.M.,  and  P.R.C.O.  His 
compositions  comprise  an  Oratorio,  Dies 
Domini  ;  Cantatas,  "  0  Lord  I  will  praise 
Thee,"  "  Saint  George  for  England  "  (pro- 
duced. Crystal  Palace).  Festival  Te  Deum. 
Anthems,  services,  and  hymns.  Operettas^ 
"The  vrhite  Cat,"  "  The  wild  Swans."  Can- 
tata, "  Victoria,  or  the  Bard's  Prophecy,  1897. 

Husband,  Rev.  Ed  ward,  amateur  organist 
and  composer,  vicar  of  St.  Michael's,  Folke- 
stone. He  has  given  many  organ  recitals  in 
his  church ;  also  lectures  on  Church  music : 
and  is  the  composer  of  an  evening  service, 
anthem,  etc.  Editor  of  "  Supplemental  tunes 
to  popular  hymns,"  Novello  [1882]. 

Husk,  William  Henry,  musician  and 
writer,  was  born  at  London,  November  4, 
1814,  and  died  at  London,  August  12,  1887. 
He  was  librarian  to  the  late  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society.  Author  of  "  An  account  of  the  ^lusi- 
cal  Celebrations  on  St.  Cecilia's  Day,  in  the 
16th,  17th,  and  18th  centuries,  to  which  is 
appended  a  collection  of  Odes  on  St.  Cecilia's 
Day,"  London,  1857  ;  "  Songs  of  the  Nativity, 
being  Christmas  carols,  ancient  and  modern, 
several  of  which  appear  for  the  first  time  in  a 
collection,  edited  with  notes,"  London,  n.d. 
[1866];  "Catalogues  of  the  library  of  the 
Sacred  Harmonic  Societv,"  1853,  1862,  and 
1872;  Contributions  to  S'ir  G.  Grove's  "Dic- 
tionary of  Musicians."  Numerous  prefaces  to 
Word  Books  of  oratorios,  and  other  pieces,  etc., 

Hutcheson,  Charles,  composer,  born  at 
Glasgow,  1792.  He  was  a  merchant  in  Glas- 
gow, where  he  died  in  1858.  He  published 
"  Christian  Vespers,"  '  Glasgow,  1882,  con- 
taining hymn-tunes  harmonized,  in  3  and  4 


214 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


HUTCHESON. 

parts,  with  an  introductory  essay  on  church 
music.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Glasgow  Dilletanti  Society. 

Hutcheson,  Francis,  Francis  Irelaxd, 
composer,  born  at  Glasgow,  in  1720.  Son  of 
Professor  Hutcheson.  He  was  educated  at 
Glasgow  and  Dublin,  and  graduated  B.A., 
1745;  M.A.,  1748,  and  M.D.,  Dublin,  1762. 
He  died  in  1780.  Composer  of  glees  and 
catches,  under  the  pseudonym  of  Francis 
Ireland,  of  which  a  number  appeared  in 
Warren's  "  Vocal  Harmony."  He  gained 
prizes  from  the  Catch  Club,  in  1772  and  1773. 
His  best  remembered  glees  are  "  How  sleep 
the  brave,"  "Where  weeping  yews,"  "Jolly 
Bacchus,"  etc. 

Hutchinson,  Cecilia  Mary,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  in  India.  Studied  in  France, 
and  Italy,  and  under  Joseph  Robinson,  Dub- 
lin, and  Alfred  Blume,  London.  She  made 
her  debut  at  a  special  Saturday  Concert  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  May  21,  1881  ;  at  the  ^Monday 
Popular  Concerts,  January  9,  1882;  and 
appeared  at  the  principal  provincial  concerts. 
Her  Festival  debut  was  at  Worcester,  1884 ; 
and  she  created  the  soprano  part  in  Cowen's 
"Sleeping  Beauty,"  at  the  Birmingham 
Festival  of  1885 ;  and  sang  at  the  Leeds 
Festival,  1886.  She  has  done  much  to  popu- 
larise the  delicate  songs  of  Berlioz,  "  Les 
Nuits  d'Ete." 

Hutchinson,  Joseph  T.,  baritone  vocal- 
ist, born  in  London,  July  12,  1849.  Began 
his  musical  career  as  lay-vicar  of  Salisbury 
Cathedral,  to  which  he  was  appointed  when 
twenty-one  years  of  age.  At  the  end  of  a  year 
he  returned  to  London,  and  entered  the  R.  A.M., 
studying  singing  under  INIanuel  Garcia,  and 
elocution  with  Walter  Lacy.  Appointed  suc- 
cessively sub-professor,  assistant-professor, 
and  professor ;  and  elected  A.R.A.M.  Gave 
concerts,  and  sang  in  cantatas  and  oratorio 
in  various  parts  of  the  country,  his  most  con- 
spicuous successes  being  in  Barnett's  Ancient 
Mariner,  and  Macfarren's  Lady  of  the  Lake, 
and  oratorios.  He  is  co-translator,  with 
Windeyer  Clark,  of  Gounod's  Commentary  on 
]Mozart's  "Don  Giovanni"  (R.  Cocks,  1895). 

Hutchinson,  Thomas,  organist  and 
composer.  Musically  educated  at  Durham 
Cathedral.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1879;  Mus. 
Doc,  1894,  Oxford.  Organist  at  Silksworth 
Church,  Sunderland,  up  to  1896,  when  he  was 
appointed  to  Darlington  Parish  Church.  His 
compositions  include  cantatas,  "  The  Re- 
deemer," and,  "The  Children  of  the  Cap- 
tivity" ;  Anthems  ;  Te  Deum  and  Jubilate  in 
E  flat ;  Services,  various ;  Pieces  for  organ, 
and  pf.  Songs  :  Lovelight ;  Silver  shadows  ; 
Fetters  of  gold,  etc. 

Hutchison,  Q.  B.,  author  of  "Shorthand 
Music  ;  an  easy  and  rapid  method  of  writing 
music,"  London,  n.d. 


HYDE. 

Hutchison,  M.  J.,  author  of  a  "  Treatise 

on  Music,"  London  [1847]. 

Hutchison,  William  Marshall,  com- 
poser, born  at  Glasgow,  May  28,  1854.  His 
works  include:  "The  Story  of  Elaine,"  and. 
"  Story  of  Naomi  and  Ruth,"  cantatas ; 
"H.R.H.,"  and  "Glamour,"  comic  operas. 
Also  songs :  Dream  faces ;  Ehrcn  on  the 
Rhine ;  Pierrot ;  Mine  again ;  Little  Mandarin ; 
Part-songs,  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Hutt,  William,  organist  and  teacher,  was 
a  chorister  at  Westminster  Abbey,  under 
J.  Turle.  Since  1865,  he  has  been  organist  of 
Winchester  College,  master  of  the  choristers, 
and  music  master.  In  this  retired  sphere  he 
has  done  much  valuable  work  in  the  cause  of 
musical  education. 

Huxtable,  Anthony,  Christopher,  and 
William,  a  family  of  English  musicians  who 
flourished  about  the  middle  of  this  century. 
Anthony,  born  in  1818,  was  a  violinist  and. 
teacher  ;  Christopher,  his  son,  an  organist  and 
violinist,  composed  much  dance  music ;  and 
William,  a  harpist,  pianist,  etc. 

Hyam,  Lottie,  pianist,  bom  in  Sydney, 
New  South  Wales,  1864.  At  the  Sydney 
International  Exhibition,  opened  September 
17, 1879,  she  was  engaged  by  Messrs.  Stein  way 
to  give  a  series  of  recitals  upon  their  piano- 
fortes. Resident  in  Sydney,  she  has  become 
known  as  one  of  the  best  pianists  in  that  city. 

Hyde.  Four  generations  of  musicians. 
The  first  of  the  name,  James,  was  a  trumpet- 
player  of  some  renown.  Trumpeter  to  the 
Duke  of  York,  and  author  of  works  for  the 
trumpet ;  and  probably  the  Hyde  who  intro- 
duced an  improvement  in  the  instrument  by 
a  small  slide,  sometime  before  1812.  His 
name  appeared  in  the  Birmingham  Festival 
orchestra  several  times  from  1802.  His  son, 
James  Hyde,  was  also  a  clever  performer  on 
the  trumpet,  and  a  composer  of  popular 
ballads,  one  of  which,  "  Edwy  and  Sue,"  was 
sung  by  Braham.  He  settled  in  Manchester, 
and  his  name  figured  in  the  Birmingham 
Festival  band  list  from  1811.  His  son,  James 
Hyde,  was  a  violinist  and  teacher  of  the 
pianoforte,  for  many  5-ears  resident  in  Bir- 
mingham. His  son,  jAirES  Hyde,  born  in 
Birmingham,  1849,  is  a  violinist,  conductor, 
and  composer.  Pupil  of  his  father,  and  then 
of  Henry  Haj'ward,  for  violin,  and  Andrew 
Deakin  for  organ  and  harmony.  Up  to  1870 
he  was  actively  engaged  as  teacher,  soloist, 
and  musical  director  in  his  native  town.  In 
1870  he  removed  to  London,  and  was  conduc- 
tor at  the  Royalty  Theatre.  He  went  to 
South  Africa  in  1875  as  conductor  of  the 
Turner  Opera  Company.  For  some  time  he 
resided  at  King  William's  Town,  and  is  now 
settled  at  Johannesburg,  where  he  is  musical 
director  of  the  Wanderer's  Club,  which  has  a 
concert  room  and  opera  house.     He  has  com- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


215 


lEUAN. 

posed  cantatas,  many  songs  (The  Land  of 
Good  Hope,  etc.),  and  pf.  pieces,  beside  a  vast 
number  of  arrangements.  His  wife,  nee  Kate 
Leipold,  is  an  excellent  pianist,  and  fre- 
quently assists  at  recitals,  etc.  Florence 
Hyde,  a  sister,  was  drowned  at  Bath,  in  June, 
1879,  through  the  capsizing  of  a  boat.  She 
was  a  member  of  the  Carl  Rosa  and  D'Oyly 
Carte  companies,  and  a  very  promising  young 
singer. 

leuan,  Qlan  Alarch,  see  Mills,  Rev. 
John. 

leuan,  Qwyllt,  see  Roberts,  Rev.  John. 

leuan,  Dhu,  see  Thomas,  John  L. 

Iliffe,  Frederick,  composer,  organist,  and 
conductor,  born  at  Smeeton-Westerby,  Leices- 
ter, February  21,  1847.  Was  privately  educa- 
ted in  music,  and  filled  his  first  appointment 
as  organist  at  St.  Wilfred's,  Kibworth.  In 
1883  he  was  appointed  organist  and  choir- 
master of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  an  office 
he  still  holds.  He  was  also,  for  some  time, 
from  1878,  organist  of  St.  Barnabas',  Oxford. 
He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1873;  Mus.  Doc, 
1879,  Oxford ;  also  M.A.  Since  1883  he  has 
been  conductor  of  the  Queen's  College  (Egles- 
field)  Musical  Society.  For  this  Society 
important  works  have  been  expressly  composed 
by  Dr.  Bridge,  Professor  Prout,  Dr.  Mee,  the 
subject  of  this  notice,  and  others  ;  and  it  has 
a  musical  record,  since  1871,  unequalled  by 
anj'  other  college  society. 

Works. — Oratorio,  The  Visions  of  St.  John 
the  Divine,  composed  1879,  published  1880  ; 
Evening  Sei-vice  in  D,  for  men's  voices  ;  An- 
glican chant  settings  for  the  whole  of  the 
Canticles;  Short  and  easy  anthems  for  parish 
choirs,  etc.  Lara,  cantata  for  men's  voices 
and  orchestra,  produced,  Queen's  College 
Musical  Society,  May,  1885 ;  Sweet  Echo 
(Milton)  for  eight-part  chorus  and  orchestra, 
Cheltenham  Festival,  1893 ;  Morning,  a  Pas- 
toral (Rev.  Canon  Bell)  for  soprano  solo, 
chorus,  and  orchestra,  the  same,  1896.  Con- 
cert overture  in  E  ;  Festal  overture  in  D, 
Oxford,  May,  1894,  Birmingham  (Stockley), 
1895 ;  Serenade  in  G,  strings.  Queen's  Col- 
lege, 1884.  Prelude  and  fugue  for  organ ; 
Sonata,  and  other  pieces  for  pf.,  etc.  Author 
of  a  Critical  Analysis  of  Bach's  Das  Wohltem- 
perirte  Clavier,  in  four  parts,  Novello,  1896. 

Immyns,  John,  attorney  and  lutenist, 
born  early  in  the  18th  century.  Member  of 
Academy  of  Ancient  Music.  Amanuensis  to 
Dr.  Pepusch.  Established  the  Madrigal 
Society,  1741.  Lutenist  to  Chapel  Royal, 
1752.  He  died  at  London,  April  15,  1764. 
His  son  John  was  organist  of  Surrey  Chapel, 
London,  and  died  in  1794. 

Incledon,  Charles,  tenor  vocalist,  born 
at  St.  Keverne,  Cornwall,  1763;  baptized  Ben- 
jamin on  February  5th.     Son  of  a  physician. 


IONS. 

Articled  pupil  to  W.  Jackson,  Exeter,  under 
whom  he  was  a  Chorister  in  the  Cathedral. 
Sailor  on  board  H.M.S.  "Formidable,"  1779- 
83.  Recommended  as  singer  to  Colman  by 
Lord  Admiral  Hervey,  but  services  declined. 
Member  of  Collins'  Dramatic  Company  at 
Southampton,  1784.  Appeared  at  Bath,  1785. 
Pupil  for  a  time  of  Rauzzini,  at  Bath.  Sang 
in  Vauxhall  Gardens,  1788.  Debut  in  "The 
Poor  Soldier"  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
London,  1790.  Travelled  much  in  the  Prov- 
inces. Retired  from  Covent  Garden,  1815. 
Appeared  in  North  America,  1817.  Resided 
at  Brighton.  He  died  at  Worcester,  Feb.  11, 
1826,  and  is  buried  at  Hampstead,  London. 

His  son  Cliarles  (1791-1865)  was  also  a  tenor 
singer. 

Ingham,  James,  musician,  compiled 
"National  Chant  Book,"  London,  1848,  also 
1849  ;  "  Psalter,  pointed  for  Chanting,"  Lon- 
don, 1856,  3rd.  ed. 

Ingham,  Richard,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, was  born  in  1804.  He  was  organist  of 
Parish  Church,  Gateshead ;  Carlisle  Cathe- 
dral, 1833 ;  and  died  in  June,  1841.  Composer 
of  some  vocal  music;  "  Titania's  Lullaby," 
round    [1840],  etc. 

Inglott,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  1554.  He  was  organist  of  Nor- 
wich Cathedral,  1608.  Died  in  December, 
1621.  Mentioned  as  one  of  ihe  greatest  of 
early  English  organists.     Biography  obscure. 

Ingram,  Thomas,  musician,  who  was 
organist  of  Chapel  Royal  at  Brighton.  He 
flourished  1810-51.  Author  of  "  Choral  Class 
Book,  or  Singer's  Manual,  containing  easy 
and  progressive  exercises,"  London,  1851;  and 
compiler  of  "Twenty-five  Select  Psalm  Tunes, 
ancient  and  modern. . . .  ,  as  used  in  Brighton 
College,  London,  1848  ;  "  Select  Chants  ar- 
ranged for  four  voices,"  London,  1851. 

Inverarity,  Eliza,  Mrs.  Martyn,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  Edinburgh,  March  23,  1813. 
Grand-niece  of  Robert  Fergussoii,  the  poet. 
She  studied  under  Mr.  Thorne,  of  Edinburgh, 
then  under  Mr.  Alex.  Murray,  at  whose  con- 
cert in  1829  she  first  appeared.  On  December 
14,  1830,  she  sang  in  London  in  "Cinderella," 
and  in  1836  she  married  Charles  Martyn,  a 
bass  singer  and  composer  With  him  she 
appeared  in  opera  in  the  United  States  and 
in  England.  In  1839  she  sang  in  New  York 
in  Beethoven's  "Fidelio."  She  died  at  New- 
castle-on-Tyne,  December  27, 1846.  She  com- 
posed some  ballads. 

Ions,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
eldest  son  of  James  Ions,  plate-glass  manu- 
facturer, of  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  born  August 
19,  1817.  Displayed  musical  talent  very  early, 
and  studied  locally  under  IMunro,  Marr,  Ing- 
ham, and  Thompson ;  and  later,  under  Mos- 
cheles.  In  1833,  was  appointed  Ingham's 
successor  at  St.  Mary's  Parish  Church,  Gates- 


216 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


IONS. 

head,  after  competition.  His  youthful  appear- 
ance, when  presented  to  the  judges,  caused 
them  to  think  a  mistake  had  been  made,  and 
he  was  required  to  repeat  a  fugue  by  Bach, 
and  a  Handel  chorus,  while  they  looked  on  in 
admiration.  The  next  year  he  was  elected,  by 
the  ]\Iayor  and  Corporation,  organist  of  St. 
Nicholas',  Newcastle,  on  the  death  of  his 
teacher,  Thomas  Thompson.  This  post  he 
retained  till  his  death.  He  was  conductor  of 
Newcastle  and  Gateshead  Choral  Society ; 
and  in  1835  established  the  Amateur  Glee 
Club,  and  Subscription  Concerts.  Chorus- 
master,  and  assistant  conductor  (under  Sir 
Geo.  Smart),  Newcastle  Festival,  1842.  Gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  1848;  Mus.  Doc,  1854, 
Oxford.  Conductor  of  Newcastle  Sacred  Har- 
monic Society,  founded  1848.  Public  testi- 
monial, 1855.  Died  suddenly,  while  driving 
home  after  teaching  at  Gateshead,  September 
25,  1857.  In  1860,  as  a  memorial  to  him,  the 
great  east  window  of  St.  Nicholas'  Church 
was  restored,  and  filled  with  stained  glass  at  a 
cost  of  £1,000,  subscribed  by  his  admiring 
townspeople. 

WoEKS. — Cantata,  Prayer  and  thanks- 
giving, eight-part  chorus  and  orchestra;  Ps. 
137,  six  voices  and  orchestra ;  Services  in  C, 
A,  and  E  fiat ;  anthems,  motets,  etc.  A 
Christmas  madrigal.  Musical  Times.  January, 
1849;  part-songs,  songs,  pf. music, etc.  Editor 
of  Cantica  Ecclesiastica  :  a  complete  volume 
of  congregational  music,  1849,  to  which  he 
contributed  many  tunes,  chants,  etc. 

Ions,  William  Jamson,  brother  of  the 
preceding,  born  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  Nov- 
ember 3,  1833.  Entered  the  choir  of  St. 
Nicholas'  at  age  of  nine ;  articled  to  his 
hrother  in  1849,  and  appointed  assistant 
organist,  1850.  Studied  in  Germany,  1852-4, 
including  matters  relating  to  the  construction 
and  voicing  of  large  organs.  Keturning  to 
Newcastle,  he  devoted  himself  chiefly  to  the 
improvement  of  Church  music  and  Church 
organs.  On  the  deatli  of  his  brother,  he  was 
appointed  organist  of  St.  Nicholas'  Church. 
He  worked  with  Rev.  Dr.  J.  B.  Dykes  in  com- 
piling and  improving  the  service  books  for  use 
at  the  Festivals  of  Choirs  in  the  Northern 
diocese ;  was  made  a  Life  Governor  of  the 
Northern  Counties'  Orphanage,  1864,  for  his 
improvements  in  the  music  there.  Was  active 
in  promoting  the  Festival  held  in  St.  Nich- 
olas' (now  the  Cathedral)  Church,  July,  1883, 
when  Dr.  Gladstone's  oratorio,  "  Philippi," 
was  produced.  Designed  the  new  organ, 
opened  in  1891  ;  was  publiclj'  presented  with 
a  Testimonial,  1893;  and  retired  from  active 
duty,  1894,  after  more  than  half-a-century 
spent  in  the  service  of  the  Church.  This 
step  %Vas  caused  by  the  affliction  of  deafness. 
Mr.  Ions  has  composed  anthems,  services,  and 
other  Church  music. 


ISIDOR. 

Ireland,  Edmund,  musician,  compiled 
"Tunes  of  the  Psalms,  in  two  parts,"  York, 
1699  ;  2nd  edition,  issued  as  "  The  most  useful 
Tunes  of  the  Psalms,"  York,  1713. 

Ireland,  Francis,  see  Hutcheson,  Fran- 
cis. 

Irons,  Herbert  Stephen,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Canterbury,  January  19, 
1834.  His  father  was  a  lay-vicar  at  the  Cathe- 
dral ;  and  Sir  George  and  Stephen  Elvey 
were  his  uncles.  Chorister  in  Canterbury 
Cathedral,  1844-49  ;  Precentor  and  master  of 
choristers,  St.  Columba  College,  Ireland, 
1856-57  ;  organist  of  Southwell  IMinster,  1857- 
72.  In  1872  he  became  assistant  organist  of 
Chester  Cathedral.  Now  resident  in  Notting- 
ham, and  organist  of  St.  Andrew's  Church, 
since  1876.  He  has  published  a  Te  Deum 
and  Jubilate ;  several  anthems,  an  evening 
hymn,  and  edited  a  collection  of  chants. 

Isaac,  Benjamin  Ralph,  pianist,  born  at 
Liverpool  (1818?)  Pupil  of  a  Mr.  Molineux 
in  that  city,  and  in  1836,  of  Cipriani  Potter, 
at  R.A.M.  A  brilliant  performer.  He  settled 
in  his  native  place,  and  was  shortly  afterwards 
elected  an  Associate,  and  then  Fellow  of  the 
R.A.M.  He  died,  suddenly,  at  Southport, 
January  9,  1881. 

Isaacs,  Rebecca,  actress  and  vocalist,  born 
in  Lo.idon,  1828.  She  made  her  appearance 
1834.  Debut  in  opera,  at  Olympic  Theatre, 
I  ondon,  in  December  1836.  Married  Thomas 
Roberts,  acting  manager.  Sang  with  much 
success  in  London  and  the  provinces.  She 
died  at  London,  April  21,  1877. 

Isham,  John,  or  Isum,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  1685.  Deputy-organist  to  Dr. 
Croft.  Organist  of  St.  Anne's,  Soho,  in  suc- 
cession to  Croft,  in  1711.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon., 
1713.  Organist  of  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn, 
1718  ;  also  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster.  He 
died  in  June,  1726. 

Works. — Church  Services  and  Anthems; 
Songs,  single  and  in  collections;  Catches 
]1710].  etc 

Isherwood,  James  Wright,  tenor  vocal- 
ist and  composer,  born  at  JNIanchester,  March 
2,  1812.  He  was  organist  of  St.  Anne's,  Man- 
chester. Died  at  Manchester,  October  30, 
1854.  He  composed  "  The  Soldier's  Dream  " 
and  "A  Violet  Blossomed";  Glees,  produced 
by  the  gentleman's  glee  club,  Manchester. 
His  father,  John  Isherwood,  was  a  bass  vocal- 
ist, and  sang  at  the  York  Festival  of  1823. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Manchester  Phil- 
harmonic Concerts,  and  frequently  sang  in 
oratorio.  Died  at  Manchester,  October  29, 
1849. 

Isidor,  Rosina,  sopranovocalist,  of  Jewish 
family.  IMade  her  debut  at  Her  ]\Iajesty's 
Theatre,  October  23,  1880,  in  the  title-part  of 
"  Lucia  di  Lammermoor."  Gave  concerts  in 
1882.     Illness,  resulting  in  loss  of  sight,  com- 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


217 


ITHURIEL. 

pelled  her  retirement  for  some  time  ;  but  she 
returned  to  the  stage  in  1885,  at  Modena. 
She  gave  a  concert  at  St.  Jaines's  Hall,  in 
December,  1886 ;  and  appeard  in  Italian  Opera 
at  Covent  Garden  in  1887. 

Ithuriel.     See  Coutts,  W.  G. 

Ive,  Simon,  composer  of  the  17th  century, 
born  1600,  died  Loudon,  1662.  Lay-vicar  of 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and  singing  master  in 
London.  Composed  "  The  Triumph  of  Peace," 
a  masque  by  Shirley,  1633  (with  H.  and 
W.  Lawes).  "Lamentation  and  Mourning, 
Elegy  on  the  death  of  William  Lawes." 
Various  compositions  in  Hilton's  Catches, 
Playford's  Collection,  etc. 

Ivery,  John,  composer,  born  at  Northam, 
Hertford,  in  the  second  part  of  the  18th  cen- 
tury. Published  "The  Hertfordshire  Melody, 
or  Psalm  Singers  Recreation,  being  a  valuable 
collection  of  Psalms,  Hymns,  Anthems,  etc., 
on  various  occasions,  to  which  is  prefixed  a 
new,  concise,  and  easy  introduction  to  the  art 
of  singing,  and  a  copious  Dictionary  of  the 
terms  made  use  of  in  Music."    London,  1773. 

Ives,  Joshua,  organist  and  composer,  born 
-at  Hy.ie,  Cheshire,  1854.  Studied  under  Dr. 
J.  F.  Bridge,  and  Dr.  Chipp;  graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Cambridge,  1884.  Organist,  Anderston 
Parish  Church  Glasgow,  and  Lecturer  on 
Music  at  the  Glasgow  Athenseum.  In  1884, 
he  was  selected  by  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren  and 
Dr.  Staiuer  to  be  Professor  of  Music  in  the 
University  of  Adelaide,  and  was  also  appointed 
city  organist.  Before  leaving  to  take  up  his 
duties  in  Australia,  he  was  the  recipient  of  a 
handsome  testimonial  from  his  pupils  at  the 
Glasgow  Athenseum.  He  is  the  author  of  a 
work  on  Harmony,  has  given  ledures  on 
music,  and  composed  church  music,  pieces 
for  organ,  etc. 

Ivimey.  A  family  of  musicians.  George 
IviMEY,  organist,  born  at  Southampton,  1856. 
Studied  privately.  P.R.C.O.  Organist  and 
choirmaster,  Holyrood  Church,  and  Green- 
side  Parish  Church,  Southampton.  His 
daughter,  Alice  Ivimey,  born  at  Southamp- 
ton, is  a  pianist,  and  was  educated  musically 
at  the  Conservatorium.  Stuttgart.  She  made 
her  debut  at  Princes'  Hall,  London,  1894. 
John  William  Ivimey,  cousin  of  George, 
was  born  at  West  Ham,  Essex,  September  12, 
1868.  Pupil  of  Henry  Gadsby,  and  Corpora- 
tion Exhibitioner,  Guildhall  School  of  Music. 
F.R.C.O.  and  A.R.C.M.  (for  composition).  In 
1888  was  appointed  Assistant  Music  IMaster 
at  Wellington  College,  and  in  1890  to  a  similar 
post  at  Harrow  School,  which  he  resigned  in 
1893.  From  1891  he  has  been  organist  and 
choirmaster  at  St.  Paul  s,  Onslow  Square, 
Kensington  ;  is  head  of  the  Jlusic  Section  of 
the  South-West  London  Polytechnic  Institu- 
tion ;  and  conductor  of  the  London  County 
Council  Musical  Society,  and  South  Kensing- 


JACKSON. 

ton  Choral  Society.  His  compositions  com- 
prise five  comic  operas:  "Fairy  Genesta " 
(produced,  Surbiton,  1892);  "  Y'lang  Y'lang" 
(Surbiton,1893);  "The  Red  Rider"  (MS., pro- 
duced, St.  George's  Hall,  London,  1894) ;  and 
"Marie  Tanner"  (MS.,  Cardiff,  December, 
1895);  "The  Lady  Lawyer,"  Garrick Theatre, 
London,  March,  1897.  He  has  also  written  a 
Trio  for  Pf.  and  Strings  (1889) ;  a  Rondo  Pas- 
torale for  Violoncello  and  Pf.,  and  some  Pf. 
pieces,  etc.  His  brother,  Joseph  Ivimey,  is 
a  violinist.  He  was  born  at  West  Ham,  1867. 
Studied  under  Alfred  Gibson,  and  was  also  a 
Corporation  Exhibitioner  at  the  Guildhall 
School.  In  1888  he  founded  the  Surbiton 
Chamber  Concerts,  in  connection  with  which 
he  has  done  valuable  artistic  work.  He  is  also 
conductor  of  Weybridge  Orchestral  Society. 

Jack,  David,  vocalist  and  publisher,  was 
born  at  Edinburgh,  February  16,  1824.  He 
edited  and  published  the  "  Lyric  Gems  of 
Scotland"  (1854-58)  and  "The  Casquct  of 
Lyric  Gems"  (1857),  both  collections  of  vocal 
music.  He  gave  many  concerts  in  various 
parts  of  Scotland. 

Jackson,  Arthur  Herbert,  composer 
and  pianist,  born  in  1852.  He  studied  at  the 
R.A.M. ;  Associate;  Professor  of  Harmony 
and  Composition  at  R.A.M.  He  died,  Lon- 
don, September  27,  1881. 

Works.  —  Choral  ballad.  Lord  Ullin's 
daughter ;  Jason  and  the  golden  fleece,  can- 
tata (MS.)  ;  The  bride  of  Abydos,  overture  ; 
Intermezzo  for  orch. ;  Violin  concerto  ;  Ballet 
suite  for  orch. ;  Concerto  for  pf .  and  orch. ; 
Magnificat  for  chorus  and  orch  ;  Two  masses 
for  male  voices ;  Pf .  music ;  Songs  and  part- 
songs. 

Jackson,  Frederick  J.,  author  of  "The 
Construction  of  the  Musical  Scale,  as  deter- 
mined by  the  arithmetical  evolution  of  its 
measures  or  ratios."     London  [1869] . 

Jackson,  G.  K.,  musician,  author  of 
"  First  principles,  or  a  treatise  on  practical 
Thorough-bass,  with  general  rules  for  its 
composition  and  modulation,"  op.  5.  Lon- 
don [1795].  Other  musical  works,  as  "Three 
songs  and  duets,"  op.  3  ;  Sonatas  for  pf.,  etc. 

Jackson,  Jane,  see  sub.  Roeckel,  J.  L. 

Jackson,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  early  in  the  17th  century.  He  was 
choirmaster  of  Ely  Cathedral  in  1669,  and 
organist  of  Wells  Cathedral  in  1676.  He 
died  after  1688.     Wrote  services,  anthems,  etc. 

Jackson,  John  P.,  musician  and  writer, 
author  of  "  Album  of  the  Passion  Play  at 
Ober-Ammergau  .  .  .  1873,"  and  other  works 
on  the  same  subject ;  Richard  Wagner's 
"  Ring  of  the  Nibelung,"  an  illustrated  hand- 
book, London,  1882;  and  an  English  version 
of  "Die  Meistersinger,"  1892;  "Parsifal," 
1890;  etc. 


218 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


JACKSON. 

Jackson,  Miss,  see  Lacy,  Mrs.  John. 

Jackson,  Seymour,  tenor  vocalist,  at- 
tracted attention  by  his  singing  in  Man- 
chester and  neighbourhood  about  1882.  Made 
his  debut  on  the  stage,  March  18,  1886,  with 
the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company,  taking  the 
■part  of  Thaddeua  in  Balfe's  opera,  "  The 
Bohemian  Girl."  Toured  with  the  same 
company,  and  gave  concerts  in  various  towns. 
At  present  resident  at  Blaciipool  as  vocalist 
and  concert  agent. 

Jackson,  Thomas,  psalm  composer,  born 
about  1715.  He  was  organist  of  the  Parish 
Church  of  Newark,  and  master  of  the  Song 
Scliool  there.  He  died  at  Newark-o  -Trent, 
November  11,  1781.  Composer  of  the  psalm- 
tune,  "  Jackson's,"  and  of  Twelve  Psalm  tunes 
and  eighteen  double  and  single  chants  .  .  , 
composed  for  four  voices,  1780. 

Jackson,  William,  authorof  "A  Prelimin- 
ary Discourse  to  a  scheme  demonstrating 
and  shewing  the  perfection  and  harmony  of 
Sounds,"  Westminster,  1726. 

Jackson,  William,  composer,  organist, 
and  writer,  born  at  Exeter,  May  28,  1730. 
He  studied  under  Sylvester,  the  organist  of 
Exeter  Cathedral,  and  under  J.  Travers. 
Teacher  in  Exeter.  Organist  and  choir-master 
Exeter  Cathedral,  1777.  He  died  at  Exeter, 
July  12,  180-3. 

Works. — Operas  -  Lord  of  the  Manor,  Lon- 
don, 1780 ;  Metamorphoses,  London,  1783. 
Odes— Ode  to  fancy  (Warton),  op.  8;  Ly- 
cidas,  1767;  Dying  Christian  to  his  soul  (Pope). 
Songs— Twehe  songs,  op.  1,  1755;  Twelve 
songs,  op.  4 ;  Third  set  of  twelve  songs,  op. 
7  ;  Fourth  set  of  twelve  songs.  Six  elegies 
for  three  male  voices,  op.  3  [1767]  ;  Twelve 
canzonets  for  two  voices,  o'i.  9;  Second  set, 
op.  13  ;  Twelve  pastorals.  Six  vocal  quartets, 
op.  11,  1780;  Six  Madrigals,  op.  18,  1786; 
Twelve  hymns,  in  three  parts,  op.  6.  Six 
sonatas  for  harpsichord  ;  Eight  ditto.  Six 
epigrams  for  2,  3,  and  4  voices  and  pf..  Op.  17 
[1786]  ;  Anthems  and  Church  services,  by  the 
late  William  Jackson,  of  Exeter,  edited  by 
James  Paddon,  3  vols.,  London,  n.d.  Selec- 
tion from  his  works,  sacred  and  secular, 
London,  4  vols.,  n.d.  Thirty  letters  on  various 
subjects,  London,  1782  Observations  on  the 
present  state  of  music  in  London,  1791.  The 
four  ages,  together  with  essays  on  various 
subjects,  London,  1798. 

Jackson  was  a  man  of  varied  accomplish- 
ments; an  essayist,  musician,  organist,  and 
painter.  "  He  was  a  friend  of  Gainsborough, 
had  a  good  taste  for  art,  and  was  known  in 
his  day  by  his  clever  landscapes.  In  1771  he 
was  an  honorary  exhibitor  at  the  Academy. 
He  copied  Gainsborough's  work  and  wrote  a 
sketch  of  his  life." — Redgrave. 

Jackson,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Masham,  Yorkshire,  January 


•     JACOX. 

9,  1815.  Self-taught  in  music.  Organist  at 
Masham  in  1832.  He  was  for  a  time  a  tallow 
chandler  in  Masham.  Gained  Huddersfield 
Glee  Club  first  prize  in  1840.  Music-seller  in 
Bradford,  with  W.  Winn,  vocalist,  1852.  Or- 
ganist of  St.  John's  Church,  Bradford ;  Horton 
Chapel,  1856.  Conductor  of  Bradford  Choral 
Union.  Chorus-master  at  Bradford  Festivals 
of  1853,  '56,  '59.  He  died  at  Bradford,  April 
15,  1866. 

Works. — Oratorios — Deliverance  of  Israel 
from  Babylon,  1845  ;  Isaiah.  Cantatas — The 
Year,  1859  ;  The  praise  of  music.  103rd  Psalm 
for  solo  voice,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  1841. 
Church  services,  a  mass  and  anthems.  The 
Bradford  tune  book  (with  Samuel  Smith). 
Congregational  Psalmody,  1863.  A  singing 
class  manual,  n.d.  Glees,  part-songs,  and 
sonss. 

His  son,  William,  born  at  Bradford  in 
1853,  was  instructed  by  his  father.  He  be- 
came organist  of  Morningside  Parish  Church, 
Edinburgh,  but  falling  into  bad  health,  died 
at  Ripon,  September  10,  1877,  at  the  early 
age  of  24.  He  published  four  part-songs,  to 
words  by  Burns,  in  1875,  and  left  a  few  other 
works. 

Jackson,  William,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  in  1828 ;  died  at  Girvan,  August  19, 
1876.  He  was  a  pianist  in  connection  with 
various  Glasgow  music  halls,  but  is  now  only 
remembered  as  the  composer  of  a  once  popular 
song  called  '•  The  dear  little  Shamrock." 

Jacob,  Benjamin,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  London,  in  1778.  He  studied  under 
his  father,  R.  Willoughby,  Shrubsole,  and 
Arnold,  1796.  Chorister  in  Portland  Chapel, 
1786.  Organist  of  Salem  Chapel,  Soho  Sq., 
1788;  Carlisle  Chapel,  Kennington  Lane, 
1790 ;  Bentinck  Chapel,  Lisson  Green,  1790-4  ; 
Surrey  Chapel  (Rowland  Hill's),  1794-1825; 
St.  John's,  1823.  Treble  singer,  Westminster 
Abbey,  at  Festival,  1790-91.  Member  Royal 
Society  of  Musicians,  1799.  Conductor  of  a 
series  of  oratorios,  1800.  Gave  organ  recitals 
in  conjunction  with  S.  Wesley,  and  W.  Crotch, 
ti  graat  audiences,  1808-14.  Conductor  of 
the  Lenten  Oratorios  at  Covent  Garden  The- 
atre, 1818.  Associate,  Philharmonic  Society, 
1818.  One  of  Court  of  Assistants,  Royal 
Societv  of  Musicians,  1823.  He  died  in  Lon- 
don, Aug.  24,  1829.  Buried  in  Bunhill  Fields. 
In  1892,  Mr.  F.  G.  Edwards,  organist  of 
Surrey  Chapel,  restored  the  tombstones  of 
Jacob  and  Shrubsole,  for  which  he  obtained 
subscriptions. 

Works. — National  Psalmody,  a  collection 
of  Tunes  for  every  Sunday  throughout  the 
year,  London  [1819].  Tunes  for  the  use  of 
Surrey  Chapel.  Dr.  Watts'  divine  and  moral 
songs,  as  solos,  duets  and  trios.  Glees,  songs, 
and  an  arrangement  of  the  "  Macbeth  "  music. 

Jacox,   Rev.   Francis,  writer  of  present 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


219 


JACQUES. 

time.  Was  curate  of  Wellingborough,  1847- 
48.  Author  of  •'  Bible  music,  being  variations 
in  many  keys  on  musical  themes  from  Scrip- 
ture," London,  1871  ;  2nd  edition,  1874.  Also 
writer  of  works  on  Bible  history,  "Traits  of 
Character,"  "  Aspects  of  Authorship,"  etc. 

Jacques,  Edgar  Frederick,  musical 
critic  and  lecturer,  born  in  London,  March 
27.  1850,  of  French  parentage.  Educated  for 
a  commercial  career,  but  in  1869  decided  upon 
music  as  a  profession.  Had  studied  music 
from  his  eleventh  year,  and  leaving  Man- 
chester, where  he  had  been  engaged  in 
business,  he  returned  to  London,  and  began 
teaching,  acting  also  as  organist.  In  1874  he 
became  director  of  the  orchestral  services  at 
St.  Andrew's,  Tavistock  Place,  an  office  he 
held  for  two  years.  Began  musical  Journalism 
in  1885,  and  in  1888  succeeded  Dr.  HuefEer 
as  editor  of  the  Mtisical  Wivrld.  This  journal 
ceased  in  1891,  and  the  next  year  Mr.  Jacques 
was  appointed  editor  of  the  Musical  Times 
(retiring  in  1897),  and  in  1894,  musical  critic 
of  The  Observer.  He  has  lectured  several 
times  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  read  paj)ers  before 
the  Musical  Association  ;  also  given  explana- 
tory discourses  at  Mr.  Bonawitz's  Historical 
Recitals  (1892),  and  on  Kuhnau's  "Biblical 
Sonatas,"  at  the  R.A.M.  (Feb.,  1896).  He  has 
composed  an  opera,  an  operetta,  and  part- 
songs,  etc.,  which  remain  in  MS. 

Jakobowski,  see  Belville,  Edward. 

James  I.,  King  of  Scotland,  poet  and 
musician,  born  in  1394 ;  died  in  14.37.  No- 
ticed here  as  the  alleged  inventor  of  the 
Scottish  style  of  music.  Founding  on  what 
has  been  regarded  as  a  wrong  reading  of  a 
passage  in  a  work  of  Tassoni,  the  Italian  poet 
(1565-1635),  William  Tytler  has  endeavoured 
to  show  in  his  "Essay  on  Scottish  Music" 
that  James  I.  not  only  invented  the  "  plain- 
tive style  of  melody,  called  Scottish,"  but 
likewise  greatly  influenced  the  style  of  several 
Italian  composers,  among  whom  are  Gesualda 
and  Palestrina.  The  researches  of  Dauney, 
Graham,  Burney,  and  others,  have  proved 
this  theory  to  be  quite  absurd. 

James,  John,  organist  and  composer,  of 
the  18th  century.  He  was  organist  of  St. 
Olave,  Southwark ;  and  St.  George's-in-the- 
East,  1738.  He  died  in  1745.  Composer  of 
songs,  organ  voluntaries,  and  other  pieces ; 
"Celinda,"  a  two-part  song,  etc. 

James,  W.  N.,  flute-player  and  writer, 
author  of  "A  word  or  two  on  the  Flute," 
Edinburgh,  1826.  The  Flutist's  Catechism, 
in  which  are  explained  the  First  Principles 
in  Music,  London,  1829.  The  German  Flute 
Magazine,  or  plain  practical  instructions  for 
the  flute,  London  [1835] . 

Jameson,  D.  D.,  author  of  "  Colour- 
Music,"  London,  1844. 

Jamieson,   Augustus  Grant,   organist 


JEBB. 

and  composer,  was  born  at  Edinburgh, 
December  20,  1844.  He  studied  under  J.  C. 
Kieser,  J.  T.  Surenne,  Professor  Donaldson, 
and  at  Stuttgart.  He  held  the  position  of 
organist  to  St.  Paul's  Episcopal  Church, 
Edinburgh,  from  1872  till  1888,  and  was 
conductor  of  the  Orpheas  Orchestral  Society. 
He  held  otber  appointments.  Died  at  Edin- 
burgh, January  21, 1888.  Composer  of  various 
hymn  tunes,  "  Brierley,"  "  St.  Sulpice,"  etc., 
and  a  number  of  pianoforte  pieces. 

Janes,  Robert,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  Feb.  3,  1806.  He  was  educated  at 
Dulwich  College,  and  in  1824  was  articled  pu- 
pil to  Dr.  Z.  Buck  of  Norwich  Cathedral.  In 
1831  he  was  appointed  organist  of  Ely  Cathe- 
dral, and  held  the  post  for  35  years.  He  died 
at  Ely,  June  10,  1866.  He  is  said  to  have 
composed  the  "Ely  Confession"  (1864). 
Editor  of  a  Psalter,  and  composer  of  vocal 
music.  He  was  an  amateur  printer,  and 
part-books,  composed  and  worked  off  at  his 
own  press,  were  in  use  up  to  1866. 

Jarman,  Thomas,  musician,  of  Clipston, 
was  born  about  1788 ;  died  in  January,  1862. 
Compiled  the  "  Devotional  Melodist,  original 
set  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  short  anthems 
and  set  pieces,  particularly  designed  for  public 
worship,"  n.d.  "  The  Sacred  Harmonicon  : 
containing  upwards  of  200  original  tunes  to 
all  the  metres  now  in  use,"  n.d.  "The 
Northamptonshire  Harmony:  containing  a 
greater  variety  of  tunes,  anthems,  and  set 
pieces  than  has  hitherto  appeared  in  any  other 
publication,"  n.d. 

Jarvis,  John,  musician,  compiled  "Zion's 
Harmonist :  comprising  a  new  set  of  original 
psalm  and  hymn  tunes. ."  London  [1844] . 

Jarvis,  Samuel,  organist  dud  composer 
of  18th  century.  He  was  blind.  After 
receiving  lessons  from  Dr.  Worgan,  he  became 
organist  of  the  Foundling  Hospital,  and  later, 
of  St.  Sepulchre's,  London.  He  was  master 
of  Wm.  Russell,  organist  of  the  Foundling 
Hospital.  He  composed  "An  Ode  in  honour 
of  the  Albion's  Society,"  London  [1780]; 
"  Twelve  songs,  to  which  is  added  an  epitaph  " ; 
"  Six  songs  and  a  cantata,"  etc. 

Jarvis,  Stephen,  composer,  born  in  18.34; 
died  at  Lewisham,  London,  November  27, 
1880.  He  composed  a  quintet  for  strings, 
songs,  and  music  for  the  pianoforte. 

Jay,  John  George  Henry,  pianist,  vio- 
linist and  composer,  born  in  Essex.  November 
27,  1770.  He  studied  under  Hindmarsh  and 
Phillips,  and  on  the  continent.  Settled  in 
London,  1800,  as  teacher.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon., 
1809.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1811.  Member  of 
the  R.A.M.  He  died  at  London,  September 
17,  1849.  Wrote  pf.  and  vocal  music.  His 
son  John  (born  1812;  died  May  31,  1889),  was 
also  a  violinist. 

Jebb,  Rev.  John  D.  D.,  clergyman  and 


220 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


JEFFERSON. 

musician,  was  born  at  Dublin  in  1805 ;  died 
at  Peterstow,  January  8, 1886.  He  was  Canon 
of  Hereford  and  Rector  of  Peterstow,  Here- 
fordshire. Author  of  Choral  Service  of  the 
United  Church  of  England  and  Ireland,  being 
an  Inquiry  into  the  Liturgical  System  of  the 
Cathedral  and  Collegiate  Foundations  of  the 
Anglican  Communion,  London,  1843;  Three 
lectures  on  the  Cathedral  Service  of  the  United 
Church  of  England  and  Ireland,  1841 ;  2nd 
edit.,  1845;  The  Choral  Responses  and  Lit- 
anies of  the  United  Church  of  England  and 
Ireland,  collected  from  authentic  sources, 
London,  2  vols.,  1847-57. 

Jefferson,  Joseph,  authorof "  LyraEvan- 
gelica  ;  or  an  Essay  on  the  use  of  instrumental 
music  in  Christian  Worship,"  London,  1805. 

Another  musician  of  this  name,  William 
Arthur  Jeffreys,  organist  of  Leeds,  issued 
"The  National  Book  of  hymn-tunes,  chants, 
and  kyries,"  1885. 

Jefferys,  Charles,  composer  and  music 
publisher,  was  born  January  11,  1807.  He 
carried  on  business  in  London,  and  died  there 
June  9,  1865.  He  wrote  the  words  of  a  num- 
ber of  popular  songs,  "Rose  of  Allandale," 
"  Mary  of  .\rgyle,"  etc.,  and  himself  composed 
"Rose  Atherton,"  "Oh  Erin,  my  country," 
and  other  songs. 

Jeffreys,  George,  org'uist  and  composer 
of  17th  century.  He  was  a  son  of  Matthkw 
Jeffrf.ys,  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1593,  who  was 
vicar  choral  of  Wells  Cathedral.  In  1643 
George  became  organist  to  Charles  I.  at  Ox- 
ford, and  from  1648  he  was  steward  to  the 
Hatton's  of  Kirby,  Northamptonshire.  He 
died  in  July,  1685.  He  composed  anthems 
and  other  sacred  music  mostly  preserved  in 
MS.  His  son.  Christopher,  who  graduated 
M.A.  at  Oxford  in  1666  was  also  a  musician. 
He  died  in  1693. 

Jeffries,  John  Edward,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Walsall,  Staffordshire,  Oc- 
tober 18,  1863.  Chorister,  and  afterwards 
assistant  organist  at  St.  Paul's  Church.  Wal- 
sall, where  his  father,  an  amateur,  held  the 
post  of  organist  for  many  years.  Studied  at 
the  R.C.M.,  under  Drs  G.  C.  Martin,  J.  F. 
Bridge,  and  F.  E.  Gladstone,  for  organ, 
counterpoint,  and  harmony,  and  pf.  with 
Franklin  Taylor,  and  is  F.R.C.O.  He  was 
appointed  organist  of  Walsall  Parish  Church 
■when  seventeen,  and  afterwards  choirmaster. 
At  the  Annual  Dedication  Services  he  intro- 
duced oratorios  and  cantatas,  with  full  orches- 
tral accompaniment,  and  gave  frequent  organ 
recitals,  also  appearing  as  solo  pianist  at  con- 
certs. He  was  several  times  conductor  and 
choral  inspector  for  the  Lichfield  Diocesan 
Festivals.  In  November,  1895,  he  was  ap- 
pointed organist  and  choirmaster  to  the 
Cathedral,  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  and  conducted 
special  Advent  services  the  next  month.    His 


JENKINS. 

first  organ  recital  was  given  in  the  Cathedral, 
February  8,  1896.  Conductor  of  Jarrow  Phil- 
harmonic Society.  He  is  the  composer  of  an 
oratorio.  The  Life  and  Death  of  Christ ;  the 
sections,  "The  Annunciation,"  and  "The  Re- 
demption "  were  performed  in  the  Cathedral, 
in  March  and  April  (Good  Friday),  1896.  He 
has  also  written  several  works  for  church  use. 

Jeffries,  Stephen,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  1660.  He  became  a  chorister  in 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  under  Wise,  and  organist 
of  Gloucester  Cathedral  in  680.  He  died  in 
1712. 

Jekyll,  Charles  Sherwood,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Westminster,  Novem- 
ber 29, 1842.  Chorister  at  Westminster  Abbey. 
Studied  under  James  Coward  and  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren  Organist  of  St.  Paul's  temporary 
church,  Kensington,  1857  ;  assistant  organist 
Westminster  Abbey,  1860-75  ;  organist  parish 
church,  Acton,  1860;  St.  George's,  Hanover 
Square,  1861-77;  organist  and  composer  to 
Her  Majesty's  Chapels  Royal,  St.  James's 
Palace  and  Whitehall,  November,  1876  ;  re- 
tired October,  1891.  Grand  organist  to  the 
United  Grand  Lodge  of  England  (Freemasons) 
1880-2  Mr.  Jekyll  was  the  recipient  of  the 
silver  Jubilee  medal,  presented  by  Her  Ma- 
jesty the  Queen. 

Works.  —  Services  :  Communion  in  C  ; 
Morning  and  evening  in  F  (MS.) ;  Morning 
and  evening  in  C,  for  male  voices,  composed 
for  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  (MS.");  Benedictus 
and  Agnus  Dei.  Anthems:  0,  send  out  Thy 
light  (eight  voices)  ;  Save  me,  O  God  ;  Arise, 
0  Lord ;  Go  forth,  ye  daughters  of  Zion 
(Jubilee  anthem,  1887) ;  The  righteous  live 
for  evermore ;  and  others ;  hymns,  chants, 
etc.  Twelve  kyries.  Part-Songs:  On  the  sea  ; 
When  twilight  dews  ;  Night  after  the  battle, 
etc.  Songs :  Pro  Patria  Mori;  Now;  Go, 
forget  me  ;  In  memoriam,  etc.  Organ:  Ju- 
bilee march,  played  by  the  composer,  West- 
minster Abbey,  at  the  Queen's  Jubilee,  June 
21,  1887 ;  Marche  Nuptiale,  played  by  the 
composer  at  the  wedding  of  H.R.H.  the 
Duchess  of  Fife  ;  Grand  march  ;  Andante  in 
A.  Pieces  for  pf.  Editor  of  Musical  Sunday 
at  Home,  a  series  of  twelve  numbers. 

Jenl<ins,  David,  composer,  born  at  Tre- 
castpll,  Brecon,  January  1,  1849.  Self-taught 
at  first,  but  afterwards  studied  under  Dr. 
Joseph  Parry,  at  the  University  College  of 
Wales,  Aberystwith.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Cambridge,  1878.  Often  acts  as  conductor 
of  Psalmody  festivals,  and  adjudicator  at  the 
National  and  other  Risteddfodau.  In  1885, 
went  to  America,  where  he  conducted  at 
several  festivals,  besides  being  adjudicator  at 
competitions.  Is  joint-editor  of  The  Musician; 
Professor  of  music  at  the  University  College 
of  Wales ;  Member  of  the  Council  and  Ex- 
aminer Tonic  Sol-fa  College,  and  Examiner 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


221 


JENKINS. 

R.C.M.  Invited  to  conduct  his  "  Psalm  of 
Life,"  and  Welsh  airs  at  the  Tonic  Sol-fa 
Festival,  Crystal  Palace,  July  11,  1896. 

Works. — Cantatas:  The  ark  of  the  cove- 
nant (prize  of  £20,  Eisteddfod)  ;  David  and 
Goliath  ;  A  Psalm  of  life  (composed  for,  and 
produced  at  the  Cardiff  Festival,  1895).  Ora- 
torios: David  and  Saul;  The  Legend  of  St. 
David  (Carnarvon  Eisteddfod,  1894).  Oper- 
etta, The  village  children.  Anthems,  part- 
songs,  songs,  etc.  A  collection  of  tunes, 
chants,  and  anthems  (English  and  Welsh 
texts) ;  Gems  of  praise,  etc. 

Jenkins,  George,  composer  and  teacher 
of  dancing  in  Edinburgh  and  London,  in  the 
latter  part  of  the  18th  century.  He  died  at 
London  about  1806.  Composer  of  Eighteen 
airs  for  two  violins  and  a  bass,  Edinburgh 
[1789]  ;  Jenkins'  thirty  Highland  airs,  Lon- 
don, 1791  ;  New  Scotch  music,  consisting  of 
slow  airs,  strathspeys,  quick  reels,  country 
dances,  and  a  medley  on  a  new  plan,  with  a 
bass  for  a  violoncello  or  harpsichord,  London 
[1793]. 

Jenkins,  Jolin,  composer,  born  at  Maid- 
stone, in  1592.  Musician  to  Charles  I.  and 
Charles  II.  Resided  during  the  greater  part 
of  his  life  with  H.  L'Estrange  of  Norfolk. 
He  died  at  Kimberley,  October  27,  1678. 

Works. — Elegy  on  the  death  of  William 
Lawes,  1648.  Theophila,  or  love's  sacrifice, 
poem  by  E.  Benlowes,  1652.  Twelve  sonatas 
for  two  violins  and  a  bass,  with  a  thorough- 
bass for  the  organ  or  theorbo,  1660.  Fantasias 
in  five  or  six  parts  for  viols  Anthems,  rounds. 
Compendium  of  practical  music,  London, 
1667. 

Jeremiah,  John,  author  of  "  On  Eistedd- 
vodau  :  their  antiquity  and  history,"  London, 
1876.  "  Notes  on  Shakespeare  and  memorials 
of  the  Urban  Club,"  London,  1876. 

Jervis,  St.  Vincent,  musician  and  com- 
poser, pupil  of  Molique.  At  a  concert  of  the 
Amateur  Musical  Society  of  London,  March 
27,  1854,  an  adagio  and  rondo  for  pf.  and 
orchestra,  of  his  composition,  was  produced. 
Five  sonatas  for  pf.,  by  this  composer,  have 
been  published  at  different  times  up  to  1887, 
as  well  as  other  pieces. 

Jeunesse,  see  La  Jeunesse. 

Jewell,  E.  Ellice,  musician  of  present 
time,  author  of  "  Catechism  of  the  rudiments 
of  music  and  pianoforte-playing,"  London 
[1882]  ;  "  Elementary  exercises  "  [1883]  for 
the  same  book. 

Jewson,  Frederick  Bowen,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  in  Edinburgh,  July  26,  1828. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.,  under  Cipriani  Potter, 
and  was  King's  Scholar,  1837.  In  1835,  he 
gave  a  concert  at  Edinburgh,  and  played  a 
composition  of  his  own.  Elected  in  turn  a 
member,  professor,  and  director  of  the  R.A.M. 
He  was  appointed  a  life  member  of  the  Court 


JOHNSON. 

of  Assistants  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Mu- 
sicians in  1849  ;  and  in  1866  became  one  of 
Musicians  in  Ordinary  to  the  Queen.  Mem- 
ber of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  For  half  a 
century  he  occupied  an  important  position  as 
a  teacher  of  the  pianoforte  ;  retired  from  pro- 
fessional life  in  1889,  and  died  in  London, 
May  29,  1891. 

Works. — Overture,  Killicrankie,  orchestra, 
R.A.M. ,  May  16,  1840  ;  Five  overtures.  Two 
concertos  for  pf.  and  orchestra.  No.  2,  in  E, 
op.  33,  performed  St.  James's  Hall  (Miss 
Dinah  Shapley),  June  28,  1882.  Trio,  piano- 
forte und  strings.  Six  grand  studies,  op.  16 ; 
Douze  Etudes,  op.  23 ;  Chanson  d'Amour, 
and  other  pieces  for  pf.     Songs,  etc. 

His'  wife,  formerly  Bliss  Kirkman,  was  a 
niece  and  pupil  of  Mrs.  Anderson,  and  a 
pianist  of  recognised  talent,  who  frequently 
took  part  in  the  musical  matinees  and  con- 
certs given  at  various  times.  She  died  in 
London,  December  24,  1896.  Two  sons  are 
in  the  musical  profession — Frederick  Au- 
gustus Jewson,  born  in  London,  February 
12,  1856,  who  is  organist  to  the  Strolling 
Players'  Orchestral  Society,  and  conductor  of 
the  Regent's  Park  Sacred  Harmonic  Society. 
He  married  Miss  Dunbar  Perkins,  a  violinist 
who  is  favourably  known  in  musical  circles. 
William  A.  Jewson  is  a  violinist  of  repute, 
and  conductor  of  musical  societies. 

Johnson,  Basil,  B.  ^.,  was  appointed 
director  of  the  music,  and  organist  at  Rugby 
School,  in  1886.  He  is  a  sou  of  the  late  Dean 
of  Wells,  and  was  musically  educated  at 
R.C.M.  He  has  published  Technical  Exer- 
cises for  pf . 

Johnson,  Edmund  Charles,  physician 
and  writer,  vice-president  of  the  School  for 
the  Indigent  Blind,  Southwark,  London. 
Author  of  "  An  Inquiry  into  the  Musical 
Instruction  for  the  Blind  in  France,  Spain, 
and  America,"  London,  1855,  and  other  works 
on  the  Blind. 

Johnson,  Edward,  composer  of  the  16th 
century.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cantab., 
1594.  Contributed  to  Este's  Psalms.  He 
composed  the  madrigal,  "  Come,  Blessed  Bird," 
in  the  "Triumphs  of  Oriana,"  1601.  His 
biography  is  unknown. 

Johnson,  James,  engraver  and  publisher, 
was  a  native  of  the  P^ttrick  district  of  Scot- 
land. He  was  established  in  business  in 
Edinburgh,  and  printed  and  engraved  most 
of  the  collections  of  music  published  during 
his  time.  He  was  the  first  to  print  music 
from  pewter  plates.  He  died  at  Edinburgh, 
February  26,  1811.  He  is  chiefly  noted  for 
his  connection  with  Robert  Burns,  and  the 
publication  of  "The  Scots  Musical  ISIuseum, 
with  proper  Basses  for  the  pf. . . ,"  Edinburgh, 
6  vols.,  n.d.  [1787] -[1803].  This  work  was 
re-edited  by  David  Laing  and  Stenhouse,  and 


22: 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


JOHNSON. 

reprinted  by  Messrs.  Blackwood,  Edinburgh, 
4  vols.,  1853.  The  success  of  this  venture  was 
entirely  due  to  the  fine  lyrics  which  Burns 
contributed,  and  which  have  since  become 
■world-wide  favourites.  The  arrangements  of 
the  melodies  in  Johnson's  Collection  were  by 
Stephen  Clarke. 

Johnson,  Robert,  clergj-mau  and  com- 
poser, who  flourished  about  the  middle  of  the 
16th  century.  He  composed  part-songs,  etc., 
one  of  which  appears  in  the  "History"  of 
Sir  John  Hawkins,  and  others  in  contempo- 
rary collections. 

Johnson,  Robert,  composer  and  lutenist, 
•was  born  in  the  latter  half  of  the  16th  century. 
Musician  in  service  of  Sir  T.  Kytson  of  Hen- 
grave  Hall,  Suffolk.  Resided  latterly  in  Lon- 
don as  teacher,  and  musician  in  service  of 
Prince  Henry.     He  died  after  1625. 

Works. — Music  to  Dramas  :  "  The  Witch" 
^Middleton);  "The  Tempest"  (Shakespere)  ; 
"  Masque  of  the  Gipsies"  (Jonson) ;  Contribu- 
tions to  Leighton's  "  Teares."  Songs,  mad- 
rigals, etc. 

Johnson,  William,  amateur  organist 
and  composer,  bjrn  at  Warrington,  Septem- 
ber 23,  1853.  Studied  pf.  under  the  late 
T.  Standish  ;  organ  under  T.  Mee  Pattison  ; 
and,  later,  harmony  under  Dr.  Horton  Allison. 
Appointed  organist  of  St.  Anne's,  Warrington, 
1868,  and  introduced  the  first  Choral  Com- 
munion Service  known  in  the  district.  Hon. 
organist,  1885-7,  to  the  Warrington  Musical 
Society  (conducted  by  H,  Hiles),  which,  in  1886, 
produced  his  cantata,  Ecce  Homo.  Another 
cantata,  "  May  Morn  at  INIagdalen  College, 
Oxford,"  remains  in  MS.  He  has  composed 
anthems  and  other  pieces.  His  grand- 
father, Thomas  Kixgtox,  was  for  thirty- 
five  years  organist  of  the  Parish  Church  of 
Kingswood,  Gloucester,  and  was  reputed  to  be 
an  excellent  performer  on  every  then  known 
instrument.  He  died  about  the  year  1850, 
aged  seventy-six. 

Johnson,  W.  Noel,  violoncellist  and 
composer,  bom  at  Repton,  Derby,  May  22, 
1863.  Educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  Cam- 
bridge. Studied  violoncello  at  R.A.M.  under 
W.  E.  Whitehouse,  and  afterwards  proceeded 
to  Leipzig  and  studied  with  Alwin  Schroder, 
Oscar  Paul,  and  Paul  Klengel.  He  first 
appeared  in  London,  in  1893,  and  is  settled 
there  as  performer  and  composer.  He  has 
made  several  provincial  tours,  and  met  with 
much  success.  As  a  composer  he  has  been 
very  active,  his  works  comprising  Three 
pieces  for  violoncello  and  pf. ;  Caprice,  Noc- 
turne, Serenade,  Idylle,  Reverie,  for  the  same. 
Songs:  I  love  thee  (prize,  Incorporated  Society 
of  Musicians,  North-Midlands  Section,  1890); 
Four  songs  ;  Six  Songs  (Heine) ;  If  thou  wert 
blind;  Good-night,  pretty  stars;  and  many 
others.     Part-songs :    Where  shall  the  lover 


JONES. 

rest ;  When  Flora  decks  (male  voices),  etc., 
etc.  He  has  also  written  the  music  to  several 
plays,  one  of  which,  "The  Tournament  of 
love,"  was  performed  in  Paris  (Theatre  d' Ap- 
plication, La  Bodinidre),  in  May,  1894,  with 
success. 

Johnston,  Rev.  David,  author  of  "  In- 
strumental in  the  Church  of  Scotland,  by  the 
Minister  of  the  United  Parishes  of  Harray 
and  Birsay."     1872  (privately  printed). 

Jolly,  John,  composer  and  organist,  uncle 
of  the  undernoted,  born  at  Knutsford,  Cheshire, 
1794.  Was  organist  of  St.  Phillip's  Chapel, 
London.  Died  at  London,  April,  1838.  He 
composed  "  Glees,  in  score,  for  3  and  4  voices," 
n.d.  ;  Songs,  etc. ;  and  "Devotional  Melodies, 
consisting  of  psalms,  hymns,  collects,  and 
short  anthems,"  London,  1832. 

Jolly,  John  Marks,  nephew  of  above, 
composer  and  conductor,  was  born  in  1790. 
He  was  conductor  at  the  Surrey  Theatre, 
London,  and  at  the  Strand  Theatre,  in  1858. 
He  died  on  July  1,  1864.  Wrote  a  large 
number  of  songs,  part-songs,  etc.,  among 
which  may  be  named  Set  of  six  -songs  of  the 
wild  flowers  of  spring  [1834];  Gipsy  sisters, 
duet ;  Love  is  still  a  little  boy,  song  :  Queen 
of  the  starry  night,  song ;  Polkas,  galops, 
etc.,  for  pf. 

Jonas,  Elizabeth  Q.,  pianist,  born  at 
Southwark,  London,  about  1825.  Began 
learning  the  pianoforte  under  Mr.  Piatt  when 
four  years  old  ;  then  under  John  Field,  at 
whose  concert,  in  1832,  she  made  her  debut. 
She  also  played  at  the  Paganini  concerts,  and 
frequently  before  royalty,  in  London  and  at 
Windsor  ;  at  the  "Oratorios"  at  Drury  Lane, 
etc.  She  then  studied  under  Moscheles,  and 
in  1836  won  the  King's  Scholarship,  R.A.M., 
and  again  in  1838.  In  1841  she  was  made  an 
Associate,  and  appointed  Professor  of  pf.  and 
harmony.  About  1852  Miss  Jonas  retired 
from  the  profession,  her  health  not  being 
good ;  and  enjoying  an  independency,  she 
exercised  her  musical  gifts  in  private  circles. 

Jones,  Arthur  Barclay,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  December  16, 
1869.  Entered  the  choir  of  the  Brompton 
Oratory  when  nine  years  old,  and  remained 
there  as  a  singer  until  1893,  when,  upon  the 
death  of  his  friend  Thomas  Wingham,  he  was 
appointed  musical  director,  an  office  he  still 
holds.  By  the  advice  of  Wingham,  whose 
pupil  he  was,  he  entered  the  Guildhall  School 
of  Music  when  fifteen,  and  gained  a  Scholar- 
ship. In  1889  he  was  made  Associate,  with 
honours,  and  became  a  Professor  of  pf.  there 
in  1892,  and  of  harmony  in  1896.  L.R.A.M. 
(pf.),  1891.  His  other  master  was  H.  C. 
Banister,  who  taught  him  harmony.  His 
compositions  include  a  sjTuphony  in  C  minor 
(dedicated  to  the  memory  of  Thomas  Wing- 
ham,   and    produced    by    the    Westminster 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


223 


JONES. 

Orchestral  Society,  June  3,  1896) ;  a  Concert 
Overture  in  C  minor  (Crystal  Palace,  October 
22,  1892) ;  Sonata,  violin  and  pf. ;  Pieces  for 
violoncello,  for  pf.,  and  orgau.  An  Ave  Maria, 
for  soprano,  and  Hymns  for  children,  etc. 

Jones,  Daniel  C,  organist,  born  at  Tam- 
■worth,  Staffordshire,  November  20,  1857. 
Received  his  musical  education  at  Lichfield 
Cathedral,  under  the  late  Thomas  Bedsmore. 
Became  F.R.C.O.  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  and 
took  the  degree  of  Mus.  Bac,  Trinity  College, 
Toronto,  in  1887,  and  Mus.  Doc,  of  the  same, 
1891.  In  1877  he  was  appointed  organist  and 
choirmaster  of  Londonderry  Cathedral,  a  post 
he  still  holds.  He  has  composed  several  an- 
thems, and  other  church  music.  "Thus 
saith  the  Lord  concerning  the  King  of 
Assyria,"  was  specially  written  for  and  per- 
formed at  the  celebrabion  of  the  Bi-centenary 
of  the  closing  of  the  Gates  of  Derry,  in  the 
Cathedral,  December  18,  1888. 

Jones,  Edward,  Bardy  Brenin,  writer 
and  musician,  born  at  Llanderfel,  Merioneth- 
shire, April  18,  1752.  He  studied  the  Welsh 
harp  under  his  father.  Appeared  in  London 
as  harper,  1775.  Welsh  bard  to  Prince  of 
Wales,  1783.  He  died  at  London,  April  18, 
1824. 

Works. — Musical  and  poetical  relicks  of  the 
Welsh  bards,preserved  by  tradition  and  authen- 
tic manuscripts  from  very  remote  antiquity, 
with  a  collection  of  the  Pennillion  and  En- 
glynion  epigrammatic  stanzas  or  native  pas- 
toral sonnets  of  Wales,  a  history  of  the  bards 
from  the  earliest  period,  and  an  account  of 
their  music,  poetry,  and  musical  instruments, 
London,  1784,  two  parts.  Musical  and  poet- 
ical relicks  of  the  Welsh  bards,  preserved  by 
tradition  and  authentic  manuscripts  from 
very  remote  antiquity,  with  a  select  collection 
of  the  Pennillion  and  Englynion,  with  English 
translations,  likewise  a  general  history  of  the 
bards  and  druids,  from  the  earliest  period  to 
the  present  time ;  with  an  account  of  their 
Music  and  poetry ;  to  which  is  prefixed  a  dis- 
sertation on  the  musical  instruments  of  the 
aboriginal  Britons,  London,  1794.  The  Bar- 
dic Museum  of  Primitive  British  Literature 
and  other  admirable  rarities,  forming  the 
second  volume  of  the  Musical,  Poetical,  and 
Historical  Relicks  of  the  Welsh  Bards  and 
Druids  .  .  .  1802.  Lyric  Airs,  consisting  of 
specimens  of  Greek,  Albanian,  Walachian, 
Turkish,  Arabian,  Persian,  Chinese,  and 
Moorish  songs  and  melodies,  with  a  short 
dissertation  on  bhe  origin  of  ancient  Greek 
music,  London,  1804.  Cheshire  melodies ; 
provincial  airs  of  Cheshire,  London  [1808] . 
The  musical  miscellany,  n.d.  Terpsichore's 
Banquet  (National  airs),  n.d.  The  minstrel's 
serenades,  n.d.  Collections  from  works  of 
Handel,  etc.  The  Musical  Bouquet,  or  popu- 
lar   songs    and    ballads  .  .  .  London,    1799. 


JONES. 

Maltese  Melodies,  or  national  airs  and  dances 
usually  performed  by  the  Maltese  musicians 
.  .  .  London,  n.d. 

Jones,  Edward,  composer  and  conductor. 
Was  for  some  years  a  first  violin  in  Sir 
Michael  Costa's  opera  orchestra  ;  has  been  in 
America  with  the  Mapleson  Opera  Company ; 
musical  director  at  the  Court,  Adelphi,  and 
Duke  of  York's  Theatres,  London  ;  and  is  at 
present  musical  director  at  the  Lyric  Theatre, 
London.  He  is  the  composer  of  incidental 
music  to  "Claudian";  "  Hoodman  Blind," 
produced.  Princess's  Theatre,  1885 ;  "  The 
Fay  O'Fire,"  Opera  Comique,  November, 
1885  ;  "  Pharoah,"  Leeds,  1892  ;  "  A  Near 
shave,"  farce.  Court  Theatre,  1895 ;  "  The 
Sign  of  the  Cross,"  Liverpool,  1895,  etc. 

Jones,  Edward  Stanton,  writer  and 
bandmaster,  author  of  "  Universal  Cornopean 
Tutor  .  .  .  ,"  London,  1855 ;  "  Boosey's  Uni- 
versal Cornet  Tutor,"  n.d. ;  Shilling  Cornet 
Tutor.     Songs,  etc.     He  died  in  1886. 

Jones,  George,  author  of  "  History  of 
the  rise  and  progress  of  Music,  theoretical 
and  practical,"  London,  1818.  German  edi- 
tion, Vienna,  1821. 

Jones,  Griffith  Rhys,  or  Caradog, 
a  noted  Welsh  conductor,  was  born  at  Trecy- 
non,  December  21,  1834.  His  first  study  was 
the  violin ;  but  when  quite  a  youth  he  became 
conductor  of  a  choir  known  by  the  name  of 
"  Cor  Carodog."  This  choir  being  victorious 
at  a  local  Eisteddfod,  the  name  was  attached 
to  the  conductor.  In  1872  he  was  appointed 
conductor  of  the  Welsh  choir  which  competed 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  contests  in  1872-3,  win- 
ning the  challenge  prize  cup  on  each  occasion. 
Afterwards  he  conducted  choirs  in  Cardigan- 
shire, at  Cardiff,  and  now  at  Pontypridd,  his 
male  voice  choir  dividing  the  first  prize  at  the 
Llandudno  Eisteddfod  of  1896. 

Jones,  Hannah,  contralto  vocalist,  born 
at  Skewen,  near  Swansea.  At  the  age  of 
fourteen  was  first  prize  winner  at  the  National 
Eisteddfod.  Entered  the  R.A.M.,  and  studied 
under  Garcia,  and  others,  winning  Llewelyn 
Thomas  Prize,  1887,  and  Sainton-Dolby  Prize, 
1888;  A.R.A.M.  Sang  in  "Elijah"  at  the 
Royal  Albert  Hall,  February,  1888,  with 
success,  and  has  since  gained  a  good  position 
among  contralto  vocalists  of  the  day. 

Jones,  Henry  Resting,  amateur  com- 
poser. In  conjunction  with  Samuel  Butler, 
brought  out,  in  1884,  a  collection  of  original 
gavottes,  minuets,  etc.,  in  the  style  of  Handel ; 
and  some  years  later,  a  dramatic  cantata, 
"  Narcissus."  Mr.  Jones  is  also  the  composer 
of  My  silks  and  fine  array  ;  Upbraid  me  not ; 
Go,  lovely  rose ;  Six  .songs,  op.  5 ;  a  second 
set  of  six  songs,  etc. 

Jones,  Hirwen,  tenor  vocalist,  born  near 
Cardigan,  March  9,  1857.  As  a  youth, 
attended    Tonic    Sol-fa    classes,    and   was  a 


224 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


JONES. 

successful  competitor  at  Eisteddfodau.  In 
1879  he  entered  the  R.A.M.,  and  studied  under 
A.  Randegger,  and  W.  Shakespeare.  One  of 
his  earliest  appearances  in  London  was  in 
Carter's  "  Placida,"  at  Brixton  Hall,  March, 
1882  ;  he  also  sang  at  the  Popular  Concerts, 
and  ab  the  Crystal  Palace,  October  17,  1885, 
in  the  quintet  from  the  Meistersinger.  He 
made  his  festival  debut  at  Brighton,  in  1882, 
and  sang  at  the  Worcester  Festival,  1890  ; 
Hereford,  1894  ;  and  Leeds,  1895.  He  was 
one  of  the  artists  in  Madame  Patey's  farewell 
tour,  1894,  and  in  the  Patti  tour,  1895.  Is 
now  well  established  as  a  concert  singer.  He 
has  had  some  experience  in  light  opera,  having 
been  principal  tenor  in  the  D'Oyly  Carte 
Continental  Opera  Company,  in  "  Patience," 
and  other  works,  at  Berlin,  Hamburg,  etc., 
1887-8. 

Jones,  Rev.  James,  author  of  "A  Man- 
ual of  Instructions  on  Plain-chant  or  Gregor- 
ian music,  with  the  chants  as  used  in  Rome," 
London,  1845. 

Jones,  John,  organist  and  composer,  was 
born  in  1728.  He  became  organist  of  the 
Temple  Church  in  1749  ;  Charterhouse,  1753  ; 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral  in  1755.  He  acted  as 
one  of  the  directors  of  the  Handel  Commemo- 
ration in  1784.  He  died  at  London,  Febru- 
ary 17,  1796. 

Works. — Sixty  Chants,  single  and  double, 
1785.  Lessons  for  the  harpsichord,  1761  ; 
Eight  setts  of  Lessons  for  the  harpsichord, 
1754.     Songs,  etc. 

Jones,  Joseph  David,  Welsh  musician, 
born  at  Bryncrugog,  Montgomery,  in  1827. 
He  was  a  teacher  of  singing  at  Ruthin,  and 
taught  also  in  the  British  School  there.  He 
died  at  Ruthin,  September  17,  1870.  Com- 
piler of  "  Y  cerub  yn  cynwys  tonau,  anthemau, 
a  darnau  gosodedig  cymhwys  i'w  harferyd  yn 
y  gwasanalth  dwyfol,"  Llanidloes,  1855. 
•'Caniadau  Bethlehem,"  Ruthin,  1857  (Welsh 
carols  for  Christmas).  "  Perganiedydd," 
Llanidloes,  1847.  "  Tonau  ac  Emynau," 
Wrexham,  1868.  "  Llys  Arthur,"  cantata, 
1864.     Hymns,  etc. 

Jones,  Moses  Owen,  composer,  con- 
ductor, and  adjudicator,  born  in  Carnarvon- 
shire, November  LS,  1842.  One  of  the  editors 
of  "The  Congregational  Singer"  (see  D.  Em- 
lyn  Evans.)  Was  awarded  the  prize  of  £30 
at  the  London  National  Eisteddfod,  1887,  for 
a  Biography  of  Welsh  IMusicians,  since  pub- 
lished in  Welsh  (sec  D.  E.  Evans);  also  a 
prize  of  £20  at  the  Carnarvon  National  Eis- 
teddfod of  1894,  for  a  Critical  and  Historical 
Essay  on  Welsh  National  ]\Ielodies. 

Jones,  Richard,  author  of  "  The  most 
New  and  Easy  Method  of  Singing  the  Psalms," 
London,  1705. 

Jones,  Richard,  musician.  Issued  "The 
Cornubian  Tune  Book  ;  or  Manual  of  hymn- 


JONES. 

tunes,  carols,  sanctuses,  etc.,"  Penzance,  1870. 

Jones,  Robert,  composer  and  lutenist,' 
who  flourished  at  the  end  of  the  16th  and 
beginning  of  the  17th  centuries.  Biography 
unknown,  but  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford, 
in  1597. 

Works.— The  First  Booke  of  Ayres,  1601. 
The  Second  Booke  of  Ayres,  set  out  to  the 
Lute,  the  Base  Violl  the  playne  way,  or  the 
Base  by  tableture  after  the  leero  fashion. 
Ultimum  Vale,  or  the  Third  Booke  of  Ayres 
of  1,  2,  and  4  voyces,  1608.  A  MusicaU 
Dreame,  or  the  Fourth  Booke  of  Ayres,  the 
first  part  for  the  lute,  2  voices,  and  the  viol 
da  gamba;  the  second  part  is  for  the  lute,  the 
viol,  and  four  voices  to  sing;  the  third  part  is 
for  one  voice  alone  to  the  lute,  the  base-viol, 
or  to  both  if  you  please,  whereof  two  are 
Italian  Ayres,  London,  fo.,  1619.  The  Muse's 
Gardin  for  Delights,  or  the  Fifth  Booke  of 
Ayres,  only  for  the  Lute,  the  Bass  Violl,  and 
the  Voyce,  n.d.  The  First  Set  of  Madrigals 
of  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  and  8  parts  for  viols  and  for 
voices  alone,  or  as  you  please,  1607.  "  Fair 
Oriana,  seeming  to  wink,"  madrigal  for  6 
voices,  in  Triumphs  of  Oriana.  Contributions 
in  Leighton's  Teares.  Songs  in  Smith's 
jNIusica  Antiqua. 

Jones,  Sidney,  composer,  of  present  time. 
Has  written  the  music  to  "  An  Artist's  ^lodel," 
produced,  February,  1895;  and  the  Japanese 
musical  plav,  "  The  Geisha,"  produced,  April 
25,  1896,  both  at  Daly's  Theatre,  London. 

Jones,  T.  H.,  organist  of  the  Congrega- 
tional Church,  Adelaide,  South  Australia 
[1884] ,  is  known  as  an  able  executant,  and  has 
given  recitals  in  the  Town  Hall,  Adelaide,  etc. 
He  was  the  first  upon  whom  was  conferred 
the  Degree  cf  ]\Ius.  Bac.  bv  the  University  of 
Adelaide,  1890. 

Jones,  Thomas,  of  Gaddesdon,  musician. 
Composed  "  Ten  new  country  dances  for  the 
Harp,"  1788.  "  ^Music  purposely  composed 
for  the  Harp,"  London,  1800. 

Jones,  Thomas  Evance,  organist,  born 
in  1805.  In  1813  he  entered  Canterbury 
Cathedral  as  a  chorister,  and  in  1822  became 
lay  clerk.  He  was  appointed  singing-master 
to  the  choristers  in  18.30,  and  in  18^1  he  suc- 
ceeded Skeats  as  organist.  He  died  at  Can- 
terbury in  December,  1873. 

Jones,  William,  author  of  "A  Discourse 
on  the  Philosophy  of  Musical  Sounds,"  n.d. 

Jones,  Rev.  William,  of  Nayland,  com- 
poser and  writer,  born  at  Lowick,  Northamp- 
tonshire, July  30,  1726.  Educated  at  the 
Charterhouse,  London,  and  at  Oxford.  He 
was  successively  vicar  of  Bethersden,  Kent, 
1764;  Pluckley;  Paston,  Northampto-i,  and 
rector  of  Hollingbourne,  Kent,  1798.  He 
died  at  Nayland,  Suffolk,  February  6,  1800, 
where  he  was  perpetual  curate  from  1776. 

Works. — Ten  Church  Pieces  for  the  organ. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


225 


JONES. 

with  four  anthems  in  score,  composed  for  the 
use  of  the  church  of  Nayland,  in  Suffolk,  op. 
2,  1789.  A  treatise  on  the  art  of  musick,  in 
which  the  elements  of  harmony  and  air  are 
practically  considered  and  illustrated  by  150 
examples  in  notes  .  .  the  whole  intended  as 
a  course  of  lectures  preparatory  to  the  practice 
of  Thorough-Bass  and  Musical  Composition, 
Colchester,  1784  ;  Second  edition,  Sudbury, 
1827.  Church  music,  miscellaneous.  Col- 
lected Works,  published  in  12  vols.,  1802,  and 
again  in  6  vols.,  1810. 

Jones,  Sir  William,  orientalist  and 
scholar,  born  in  London,  1746;  died  at  Cal- 
cutta, 1794.  Author  of  "Commentaries  on 
Asiatic  Poetry,"  1744  ;  "  The  Musical  Modes 
of  the  Hindus,"  1784  ;  References  to  Oriental 
Music  in  Collected  Works,  etc. 

Joran,  Pauline,  soprano  vocalist  and 
violinist,  born  in  Australia.  Appeared,  with 
two  sisters,  as  a  party  of  juvenile  artists  at 
San  Francisco  in  1885.  Joined  the  Carl  Rosa 
Opera  Company,  and  as  Beppi,  in  "  L'Amico 
Fritz,"  achieved  much  success,  1893.  Sang 
in  Gounod's  "  Faust,"  and  other  operas,  at 
Drury  Lane,  1894  ;  at  Covent  Garden,  1895  ; 
and  in  various  places  in  Italy,  1895-6.  Played 
Mendelssohn's  Violin  Concerto  at  Liverpool, 
1893,  and  also  appeared  as  a  vocalist.  Gave 
a  Concert  at  St.  James's  Hall,  London,  De- 
cember 10,  1896,  appearing  as  vocalist  and 
violinist.  Her  sister,  Elise  Joean,  is  a 
pianist,  and  played  Mendelssohn's  G  minor 
Concerto  at  Liverpool,  1893 ;  and  also  ap- 
peared with  success  in  London,  in  December, 
1896.     She  was  a  pupil  of  E.  d'Albert. 

Jordan,  Charles  Warwick,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Clifton,  Bristol,  December 
28,  1840.  Chorister  at  Bristol  Cathedral  and 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  Appointed  organist  of 
St.  Paul's,  Bunhill  Row,  1857  ;  St.  Luke's, 
West  Holloway,  1860;  and  St.  Stephen's, 
Lewisham,  1866  to  present  time.  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1869;  Mus.  Doc,  Cantuar,  1886. 
F.R.C.O.  Honorary  organist  London  Gre- 
gorian Choral  Association.  Examiner  College 
of  Organists  and  Trinity  College,  London ; 
and  Professor  of  organ  and  harmony  Guild- 
hall School  of  Music. 

WOKKS. — Cantata,  Blow  ye  the  trumpet  in 
Zion,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra  ;  Festival 
Te  Deum,  voices,  organ,  trumpets,  and  drums. 
Crystal  Palace,  4000  voices,  June  19,  1895 ; 
Festival  Jubilate  in  C,  the  same,  February 
20,  1897.  Communion  Service  in  E ;  an- 
thems, etc.  Overture,  Pray  and  praise,  for 
organ,  trumpet,  and  three  trombones,  Lewis- 
ham  Church,  October  1,  1882  ;  Duo  concert- 
ante,  organ  and  trumpet,  Exeter  Hall  recitals, 
January  31,  1891,  etc.  Author  of  A  short 
paper  on  the  construction  of  the  Gregorian 
tones,  1874  ;  150  harmonies  for  the  same. 

Jordan,    Mrs.,    born    Dora  or  Dorothea 


JOWETT. 

Bland,  actress,  singer,  and  composer,  born 
near  Waterford,  in  1762.  She  was  daughter 
of  a  Captain  Bland.  After  being  trained  as 
a  milliner  she  appeared  on  the  stage  at  Dub- 
lin in  1777.  She  adopted  the  name  of  Mrs, 
Jordan  in  1782,  but  was  never  married  though 
mother  of  various  children.  She  died  at  St. 
Cloud,  near  Paris,  July  3, 1816.  Her  biography 
belongs  more  to  theatrical  than  musical  his- 
tory, and  her  chief  claim  to  notice  here,  apart 
from  her  slight  merits  as  a  singer,  is  as  the 
composer  of  the  "  Blue  Bells  of  Scotland." 
This  was  issued  as  the  "Blue  Bells  of  Scot- 
land, a  ballad  as  composed  and  sung  by  Mrs. 
Jordan,"  London  [1800]. 

Jortin,  Rev.  John,  clergyman  and  author, 
born  in  1698  ;  died  in  1770.  Vicar  of  Ken- 
sington. Author  of  "  A  Letter  concerning 
the  music  of  the  Ancients,"  in  2nd  edition 
of  Avison's  "  Musical  Expression." 

Joseph,  Kinsell,  organist,  born  in  Esse- 
quibo,  British  Guiana,  December,  1845.  For 
many  years  organist  of  St.  George's  Cathedral, 
Georgetown,  and  master  of  St.  George's 
Parish  School.  He  died  May  26,  1892,  and 
left  a  legacy  to  the  choir  of  the  Cathedral ; 
and  this  being  invested,  forms  an  endowment, 
probably  the  first  of  the  kind  in  a  West  Indian 
Colony.  Joseph  was  by  race  a  negro,  and  a 
man  of  singular  charm  of  character,  winning 
the  esteem  and  respect  of  his  Bishop  (Dr. 
Austin),  and  all  with  whom  he  was  associated. 

Joule,  Benjamin  St.  John  Baptist, 
organist,  composer,  and  editor,  born  at  Sal- 
ford,  November  8, 1817.  Studied  violin  under 
Richard  Cudmore,  and  organ,  etc.,  under  J. 
J.  Harris.  He  was  honorary  organist  of  Holy 
Trinity,  Hulme,  1846-53  ;  St.  Margaret's, 
Whalley  Range,  Manchester,  1849-52  ;  and 
of  St.  Peter's,  Manchester,  from  1853.  Presi- 
dent of  the  Manchester  Vocal  Society ; 
Fellow  of  the  Genealogical  Society  of  Great 
Britain ;  F.C.O. ;  and  J.P.  for  the  County  of 
Lancaster.  Contributor  to  various  period- 
icals, and  music  critic,  1850-70,  to  the  Man- 
chester Courier.  He  died  at  Manchester,  May 
21,  1895. 

Works. — The  hymns  and  canticles,  pointed 
for  chanting,  1847.  Directorium  Chori  Ang- 
licanum,  London,  1849,  which  has  passed 
through  many  editions.  A  collection  of  words 
of  2,270  Anthems,  with  452  biographical 
notices,  London,  1859.  The  Psalter,  or  Psalms 
of  David,  after  the  translation  of  the  great 
Bible,  pointed  as  they  are  to  be  sung  or  said 
in  Churches,  London,  1865.  Collection  of 
chants,  London,  1860, 18  editions.  The  Order 
for  Holy  Communion,  harmonized  on  a  mono- 
tone ;  Organ  and  pf.  music,  etc. 

Jowett,  Rev.  Joseph,  clergyman  and 
musician,  was  born  in  1784,  and  died  May  13, 
1856.  He  was  rector  of  Silk-Willoughby. 
Compiler    of    "Lyra   Sacra,   select    extracts 

o 


226 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


JOYCE. 

from  the  Cathedral  music  of  the  Church  of 
England,  for  1,  2,  3.  and  4  voices  .  .  .  ,"  Lon- 
don, 1825.  "  A  manual  of  Parochial  Psalmody, 
containing  142  Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes,  by 
various  authors,  London,  1832. 

Joyce,  Patrick  Weston,  LL.D.,  Irish 
writer,  born  ut  Ballyorgan,  Limerick,  in  1827. 
Compiler  of  "  Ancient  Irish  Music,  compris- 
ing one  hundred  airs  hitherto  unpublished, 
many  of  the  old  popular  songs,  and  several 
new  songs,  etc.,  Dublin,  1873.  Irish  Names 
of  Places,  2  vols.,  1869-70.  Old  Celtic 
Romances,  1879.  Irish  music  and  song,  a 
collection  of  songs  in  the  Irish  language  set  to 
music,  London,  1888. 

Joze,  Thomas  Richard  Gonzalvez, 
composer  and  organist,  born  at  Dublin,  Sep- 
tember 26,  1853.  Entered  as  chorister  in 
Christ  Church  Cathedral,  1861 ;  and  was 
deputy  organist,  1869.  Organist  of  St.  Paul's, 
Glengarry,  1870;  at  present  time  organist  of 
Christ  Church,  Leeson  Park,  Dublin.  Grad- 
uated Mus.  Doc,  1877,  Dublin.  Is  professor 
of  organ  and  harmony,  R.I.A.M. ;  Examiner 
to  Commissioners  of  Intermediate  Education 
in  Ireland,  and  to  the  Royal  University  of 
Ireland.  Conductor  of  the  Strollers'  Club ; 
The  Sackville  Hall  Choral  Society,  and  Grand 
organist  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Freemasons, 
Ireland.  His  compositions  include  two  can- 
tatas, •'  The  Prophecy  of  Capys,"  and  "  A 
Dream  of  the  Fairies" ;  Prize  Festival  Hymn, 
"  St.  Patrick's  Breastplate" ;  Hibernian  Catch 
Club  first  prize  Glee,  1871,  "  The  dead  Soldier"; 
Part-songs,  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Jude,  William  Herbert,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Wcstleton,  Suffolk,  1851. 
Sometime  organist  of  the  Blue  Coat  Hospital, 
Liverpool ;  founder  of  the  Purcell  Society, 
Liverpool ;  Editor  of  the  "  Monthly  Hymnal "; 
Organist,  1889,  of  Stretford  Town  Hall,  near 
Manchester.  He  has  given  recitals  in  various 
places  ;  lectured  on  musical  subjects  in  Great 
Britain,  and  in  Australia.  An  operetta, 
"  Innocents  Abroad,"  was  produced  at  Liver- 
pool in  1 882  ;  and  he  has  written  a  number 
of  songs,  etc. 

Karn,  Frederick  James,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Leatherhead,  August  29, 
1862.  Organist  at  Cobham,  Surrey  ;  now  of 
St.  John's,  Do\\nishire-hill,  Hampstead. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1885,  Cambridge.  Has 
given  concerts  at  St.  John's  College,  Hurst- 
pierpoint ;  and  was  appointed  conductor, 
1889,  of  the  Science  and  .\rt  School  Orchestral 
Society,  South  Kensington.  He  has  composed 
church  music,  songs,  etc. 

Keach,  Benjamin,  clergyman  and  mu- 
sician, was  pastor  of  the  Baptist  Church  in 
Goatyard  Passage,  Horsleydown,  Southwark, 
in  latter  part  of  17th  century.  Author  of 
"  The  Breach  reimired  in  God's  worship,  or 


KEELEY. 

singing  of  psalms,  hymns,  and  spiritual  songs 
proved  to  be  an  holvordinanceof  Jesus  Christ," 
London,  1691.  ''Spiritual  Melod>y'  1691; 
a  collection  of  psalms,  etc.,  the  publication  of 
which,  and  of  the  pamphlet  named,  led  to  a 
secession  in  his  congregation 

Kearns,  William  ilenry,  Irish  musician, 
born  in  1794.  He  was  an  instrumentalist 
and  teacher  in  London.  Died  in  London, 
December  28, 1846.  Composer  of  "Bachelors' 
Wives,  or  the  British  at  Brussels,"  operetta, 
1817  ;  Songs  of  Christmas  for  family  choirs. . 
1847;  Songs,  pf.  music,  etc.  With  H.  J. 
Gauntlett,  he  edited  "  The  Comprehensive 
Tune  Book." 

Kearton,  Joseph  Harper,  tenor  vocalist 
and  composer,  born  at  Knartsborough,  October 
25,  1848.  At  the  age  of  seven  he  joined  the 
choir  of  Trinity  Church  there,  and  was 
appointed,  when  fourteen,  organist  of  the 
Congregational  Church.  Three  years  later 
he  became  a  tenor  singer  at  York  ^linster. 
There  he  studied  with  Mr.  Howard  Herring, 
and  had  some  assistance  from  Dr.  E.  G.Monk. 
In  1867  he  was  oppointed  a  vicar  choral  at 
Wells  Cathedral,  and  held  other  offices  in  the 
locality.  He  studied  there  with  Edward 
Herbert,  with  a  view  to  the  profession  of 
organist  and  teacher,  and  passed  his  exercise 
for  the  degree  of  Mus.  Bac.  His  singing 
attracting  attention,  he  devoted  himself  to 
that  art  exclusively,  and  studied  for  a  time  at 
the  R.A.M.,  and  in  1877  was  made  a  vicar 
choral  of  Westminster  Abbey.  He  sang  at  the 
Chester  and  Bristol  Festivals,  1882,  and 
Hereford,  1885 ;  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  Monday 
Popular  Concerts,  and  has  taken  part  in  many 
notable  performances.  He  has  composed 
anthems  ;  Six  organ  voluntaries  ;  Songs  and 
ducts ;  and  contributed  to  the  pasticcio, 
"  Harold  Glpide."  His  daughter,  Annie 
Keartox,  made  her  debut  as  a  soprano  vocal- 
ist, in  London,  June,  1893. 

Keddie,  Henrietta,  S.^b.\h  Tytler, 
Scottish  novelist  and  writer,  born  at  Cupar 
Fife,  March  4,  1827.  -Authoress  of  "  INIusical 
Composers  and  their  Works,"  London,  1875  ; 
2nd  ed.,  1877.  Also  writer  of  other  biogra- 
phical works,  and  many  novels. 

Keeble,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  Chichester,  1711.  Chorister  in  Chi- 
chester Cathedral,  under  Kelway.  He  studied 
music  under  Pepusch,  and  became  organist  of 
S.George's,  Hanover  Square,  London,  in  1737. 
Organist  of  Ranelagh  Gardens.  He  died  at 
London,  December  24,  1786. 

Works. — Five  Books  of  Organ  Pieces. 
Songs,  etc.  The  Theory  of  Harmonics,  or  an 
lUusti-ation  of  the  Grecian  Harmonies,  Lon- 
don, 1784. 

Keeley,  Mary  Anne,  born  Goward, 
vocalist  and  actress,  born  at  Ipswich,  Novem- 
ber 22,  1805.      Studied  singing  under  Mrs. 


BlUTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


227 


KEETON. 

Henry  Smart  (sister-in-law  of  Sir  George 
Smart),  and  made  her  dibtit  in  Dublin  in 
1824.  She  sang  in  "  Rosina  "  at  the  Lyceum 
Theatre,  London,  July  2,  1825  ;  and  was  the 
original  Menuaid  in  the  production  of  Weber's 
"Oberon,"  Covent  Garden,  April  12,  1826. 
After  her  marriage  with  Mr.  Robert  Keeley 
(died,  1860),  she  was  seen  only  in  comedy,  in 
■which  she  acquired  a  high  reputation.  When 
she  retired  from  public  life,  her  interest  in 
the  stage  continued.  She  was  present  at  the 
benefit  to  Ada  Swanborough,  Strand  Theatre, 
December,  1884 ;  and  opened  the  new  Theatre 
at  Ipswich,  Mai'ch  28,  1891,  with  an  address. 
Her  90th  birthday  was  celebrated  by  a  grand 
reception  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre,  November 
22,  1895. 

Keeton,  Haydn,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Mosborough,  near  Chesterfield,  Octo- 
ber 26,  1847.  Received  his  musical  training 
at  St.  George's  Chapel  Ro3'al,  Windsor. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1869;  Mus.  Doc,  1877, 
Oxford.  Was  appointed  organist  of  Datchet 
Pai'ish  Church,  1867 ;  and  of  Peterborough 
.  Cathedral,  1870.  Sometime  Examiner,  Col- 
lege of  Organists  ;  Conductor  and  organist, 
Peterborough  and  Lincoln  Cathedral  Festi- 
vals; Conductor,  Peterborough  Choral  Union, 
etc.  He  has  composed  an  Orchestral  Sjtii- 
phony ;  Give  ear,  Lord,  unto  my  prayer 
{Meadowcroft  Prize) ;  I  will  alway  give  thanks, 
and  other  anthems  ;  Church  Services  ;  Offer- 
torj-  Sentences  (College  of  Organists'  Prize) ; 
Pf.  pieces,  songs,  etc.  Author  of  Church  and 
Cathedral  Choristers'  Singing  Method,  Lon- 
don, Cocks,  1892. 

His  father,  Edwin  Keetox,  has  been 
organist  of  Eckington  Parish  Church  since 
1848,  and  has  taken  an  active  part  in  the 
Festivals  of  the  Derby  Archidiaconal  Choral 
Association,  etc. 

Keith,  Robert  William,  pianist  and 
writer,  was  born  at  Stepney,  London,  in  1787; 
died,  London,  June  19,  1846.  Author  of  "  A 
Musical  Vade  Mecum,  being  a  compendious 
introduction  to  the  whole  Art  of  Music," 
London,  1820,  2  vols.  "  Instructions  for  the 
Pianoforte.."  London  [1833].  "Tutor  for 
the  German  Flute  "  ;  "  Britannia,  mourn  : 
elegiac  verses  on  the  death  of  Princess  Char- 
lotte," 1817,  etc. 

Kellie,  Lawrence,  tenor  vocalist  and 
composer,  of  Scottish  descent,  born  in  London, 
April  3, 1862.  He  was  musical  from  childhood, 
bv;t  was  articled  to  a  solicitor,  and  did  net 
adopt  the  profession  of  music  until  1884. 
Studied  for  a  time  at  R  A.M.,  but  chiefly 
under  Mr.  Randegger  as  a  private  pupil. 
Made  his  dibtct  at  the  Covent  Garden  Prom- 
enade Concerts,  in  November,  1886 ;  and 
commenced  giving  vocal  recitals  at  Steinway 
Hall,  May  23,  1887.  He  has  sung  in  the 
provinces,  and  has  made  a  reputation  ;  but  is 


KELLY. 

more  widely  known  as  a  song  composer.  His 
works  in  this  direction  are  already  very 
numerous,  and  include :  All  for  thee ;  My 
fairest  child  ;  This  heart  of  mine  ;  Douglas 
Gordon ;  A  winter  love  song ;  The  city  of 
night,  and  many  others.  It  is  understood 
that  Mr.  Kellie  has  an  opera  in  course  of 
completion. 

Kellie,  Thomas  Alexander  Erskine, 
sixth  Earl  of,  Scottish  amateur  musician, 
was  born  September  1,  1732.  He  studied 
music  in  Germany,  under  Stamitz.  Suc- 
ceeded his  father,  as  sixth  Earl  of  Kellie  in 
1756,  but  afterwards  sold  most  of  the  Kellie 
propertj'.  He  died  at  Brussels  (unmarried), 
October  9,  1781.  He  composed  a  number  of 
overtures  (The  Maid  of  the  Mill,  1761,  etc.)  ; 
Symphonies  and  other  works,  some  of  which 
were  produced  at  Ranelagh  and  Vauxhall. 
A  collection  of  some  of  his  compositions  was 
issued  as  "  Minuets  and  Songs  now  for  the 
first  time  published,  with  an  introductory 
notice  by  C.  K.  Sharpe,"  Edinburgh,  1839. 
Songs,  etc.  He  was  reckoned  among  the 
most  respectable  amateur  violinists  of  his 
time,  and  was  a  composer  of  some  ability. 

Kelly,  Charles  W.,  baritone  vocalist, 
member  of  the  choirs  of  St.  Patrick  and 
Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,  and  pro- 
fessor of  singing  in  the  R.I.  A.M.  He  has  a 
reputation  in  the  concert  room,  and  ranks 
among  the  best  singers  in  Ireland.  His 
brother,  Thomas  Grattan  Kelly,  is  a  bass  ; 
vicar  choral  of  St.  Patrick's  and  Christ  Church 
Cathedrals,  Dublin,  and  member  of  the  choir 
of  Trinity  College.  He  is  also  recognised  in 
the  concert-room  as  an  artist,  both  as  regards 
voice  and  style. 

Kelly,  Michael,  composer  and  vocalist, 
born  in  Dublin,  1762.  He  studied  singing 
under  Rauzzini,  and  also  at  Naples  under 
Aprile,  etc.,  1779.  Debut  as  vocalist  at  Dub- 
lin, 1779.  Travelled  in  Italy,  and  became 
acquainted  with  iMozart.  Debut  at  Drury 
Lane,  as  Lionel  in  "  Lionel  and  Clarissa." 
Sang  at  Concerts  of  Ancient  Music,  Handel 
Commemoration,  in  English  Provinces,  Ire- 
land, etc.  INIanager  of  King's  Theatre,  1793. 
He  died  at  Margate,  October  9,  1826. 

Works. — Musical  Dramas,  for  which  the 
music  was  chiefly  compiled,  as— Adelmon  the 
outlaw,  M.  G.  Lewis,  1801 ;  The  Africans, 
1808  ;  Blind  bargain,  1805  ;  Blue  beard,  1798 ; 
Bride  of  Abydos,  1818 ;  Castle  spectre,  1798 ; 
Cinderella,  1804  ;  Conquest  of  Taranto,  1817  ; 
Counterfeit,  1804  ;  False  appearances,  1789 ; 
Friend  in  need,  1797  ;  Hero  of  the  north, 
1803;  Of  age  to-morrow  ;  Pizarro,  1799;  Wood 
demon,  1807,  etc.  Six  English  airs  and  six 
Italian  duetts,  1790  ;  The  woodpecker,  ballad, 
and  other  songs  and  glees.  Elegant  extracts 
for  the  German  flute,  1805.  Reminiscences, 
during  a  period  of  nearly  half  a  century,  vnth 


228 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


KELWAY. 

original  anecdotes  of  many  distinguished 
persons,  London,  2  vols.,  1826 ;  2nd  edition, 
1826. 

His  niece,  Frances  Maria  Kelly,  a  singer 
and  actress,  was  born  at  Brighton,  October 
15,  1790.  First  appeared  in  Blue  Beard  in 
1798,  and  sang  at  Drury  Lane  and  other 
Theatres.  She  died  at  Feltham,  Middlesex, 
December  6,  1882,  after  a  life  partly  spent  in 
trying  to  elevate  the  stage  in  public  estima- 
tion. 

Kelway,  Joseph,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  about  the  beginning  of  the  18th 
century  [1702] .  He  studied  under  Geminiani, 
and  was  organist  of  St.  Michael's,  Cornhill, 
London,  till  1736.  Organist  St.  Martin-in- 
the-Fields,  1736.  Instructor  on  harpsichord 
to  Queen  Charlotte.  He  died  in  1782.  He 
composed  Six  sonatas  and  lessons  for  the 
harpsichord,  London  [1764].     Songs,  etc. 

Kelway,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  about  the  end  of  the  17th  century. 
Brother  of  Joseph.  Organist  of  Chichester 
Cathedral,  1720.  He  died  at  Chichester  May 
21,  1749. 

Works. — Evening  services  in  B  minor,  A 
minor,  G  minor ;  Seven  services  and  nine 
anthems  in  MS.  at  Chichester  Cathedral. 

Kemble,  Adelaide,  Mrs.  Sartobis,  sin- 
ger and  actress,  born  in  1814.  Daughter  of 
Charles  Kemble.  Appeared  first  in  London 
as  singer.  Sang  at  York  Festival,  18.35. 
Travelled  in  France  and  Germany.  Sang  in 
Italy,  1840.  Married  Mr.  F.  Sartoris,  1843. 
Author  of  "  Past  Hours,"  London,  Bentley, 
1881.     She  died  August  4,  1879. 

Kemble,  see  also  Arkwright,  Mrs.  R. 

Kemble,  Rev.  Charles,  compiler  of 
"  Church  Psalmody :  a  selection  of  Tunes 
and  Chaunts  in  four  parts,"  1840.  Also  of 
various  works  on  duties  of  clergymen,  ser- 
mons, etc. 

Kemble,  Gertrude,  see  sub.  Santley 
Charlrs. 

Kemp,  Joseph,  composer,  born  at  Exeter, 
in  1778.  He  studied  under  W.  Jackson,  and 
became  organist  of  Bristol  Cathedral,  1802. 
Mus.  Bac,  Cantab.,  1808.  Music  teacher  in 
London,  1809.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1809. 
He  died  at  London,  May  22,  1824. 

Works.— The  Jubilee,  1809  ;  The  siege  of 
Isca,  1810;  The  Crucifixion  ;  Musical  illustra- 
tions of  the  Lady  of  the  lake,  1810;  Musical 
illustrations  of  the  beauties  of  Shakespear  ; 
The  vocal  magazine,  Edinburgh,  3  vols.,  1798, 
1800  [edited],  also  Bristol,  1807;  Glees,  2 
sets,  London  [1800-1803]  ;  Twelve  songs,  op. 
1,  1799,  and  others  ;  chants,  duets,  anthems, 
etc.  Upwards  of  one  hundred  cards  contain- 
ing more  than  500  points  in  music  [1810] . 
New  system  of  twelve  Psalmodical  melodies, 
1818 ;  Sonatas  or  lessons  for  the  pf.  [1810]  ; 
Musical  education,  London  [1819] . 


KENNEDY. 

His  son,  John,  born  at  Exeter,  1801 ;  Died 
there,  January  14,  1885 ;  was  lay  vicar  of 
Exeter  Cathedral. 

Kemp,  R.,  author  of  "  Directions  for 
tuning  the  Alexandre  Harmonium,"  London^ 
1874. 

Kemp,  Stephen,  pianist,  born  at  Yar- 
mouth, Norfolk,  November  8, 1849.  Educated 
at  R.A.M.  Fellow,  and  Professor  of  pf., 
R.A.M.  Has  given  concerts  in  London,  and 
is  known  as  the  composer  of  some  tasteful 
pf.  pieces;  songs,  "The  Cavalier,"  etc;  trio 
for  female  voices,  "0,  lady,  leave  thy  silken 
thread,"  etc.  He  is  also  professor  of  the  pf. 
at  R.C.M.,  and  the  Guildhall  School. 

Kempson,  James,  parish  clerk  of  St. 
George's,  Birmingham,  was  an  active  par- 
ticipator in  musical  doings  in  that  town  from 
the  middle  of  the  last  century.  He  started, 
in  1766,  the  Birmingham  Choral  Society  that 
gave  annual  performances  in  St.  Bartholo- 
mew's Chapel  for  the  "  Distressed  House- 
keepers' Charity  "  ;  and  his  aid  was  sought 
for  the  First  Musical  Festival  held  in  Bir- 
mingham, in  1768.  It  is  said  that  he  was 
assistant  conductor  of  those  Festivals  to  the 
year  1817.  He  was  called  the  "  Father  of  the 
Oratorio  Choral  Society."  He  died  at  a, 
great  age,  March  10,  1822. 

Kempton,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser, who  died  in  1762,  was  organist  of  Ely 
Cathedral  from  1729. 

Kennedy,  Arnold,  pianist  and  teacher, 
born  in  London,  in  1852.  Educated  at  Edin- 
burgh High  School,  and  University,  where  he 
graduated  M.A.  His  musical  studies  began 
with  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  system  when  he  was  a 
boy.  After  leaving  Edinburgh,  he  entered 
the  R.A.M.,  and  was  elected  an  Associate. 
He  took  his  Mus.  Bac.  degree  at  Oxford,  1893. 
Resident  in  London  as  teacher  and  lecturer. 
He  has  published  a  few  songs,  and  is  part 
composer  of  children's  operetta,  "Prince 
Ferdinand." 

Kennedy,  David,  tenor  vocalist,  was  born 
at  Perth,  on  April  15,  1825.  He  received  no 
regular  instruction  in  singing,  but  was  a  pre- 
centor and  teacher  for  some  time  in  Edin- 
burgh. He  was  precentor  of  Nicolson  Street 
U.  P.  Church,  Edinburgh,  for  a  number  of 
years.  He  first  made  himself  known  through 
popular  concerts  which  he  gave  originally  in 
Edinburgh,  but  afterwards  in  most  of  the 
larger  towns  in  Scotland.  Latterly  Mr.  Ken- 
nedy sung  in  Africa,  New  Zealand,  America, 
and  London,  in  all  of  which  places  he  has 
met  with  extraordinary  success,  giving  con- 
certs of  Scottish  song  along  with  his  family. 
He  died  at  Stratford,  Ontario,  Canada,  Oct- 
ober 12,  1886. 

He  had  a  large  family,  most  of  whom  were 
musicians.  David  (born  at  Perth,  1849 ; 
died,  Pietermaritzburg,  December  5,   1885), 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


229 


KENNEDY. 

■was  a  tenor  singer  ana  journalist,  and  wrote 
"  Singing  round  the  World,"  which  is  incor- 
porated in  his  sister's  book  mentioned  below. 
James  (born  1856;  died  "March  23,  1881),  was 
a  baritone  singer,  and  perished  in  the  fire  at 
the  Opera  House,  Nice,  where  he  had  been 
studying  under  Lamperti  along  with  his 
sisters,  Kate  (born  1861  ;  died  March  23, 
1881),  who  was  a  contralto,  and  Lizzie  (1863- 
1881),  who  was  a  soprano.  Other  members 
of  the  family  are  Robert,  a  tenor  singer,  who 
studied  at  Milan,  and  gives  Scots  concerts  on 
lines  similar  to  his  father;  now  in  Australia. 
Helen  (Mrs.  Campbell),  a  soprano  ;  Marjory 
•{Mrs.  Eraser),  a  contralto,  who  wrote  a  book 
called  "  David  Kennedy,  the  Scottish  singer," 
Paisley,  1887 ;  and  Margaret,  who  was,  to 
1890,  sub-professor  in  the  Royal  Academy  of 
Music,  London. 

Kennedy,  Rev.  Rann,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  in  1773.  Incumbent  of  St. 
Paul's  Chapel,  Birmingham.  Died  at  Bir- 
mingham, January  2,  1851.  Author  of 
"  Thoughts  on  the  music  and  words  of 
Psalmody  as  at  present  in  use  among  the 
members  of  the  Church  of  England,"  Lon- 
don, 1821.  "Church  of  England  Psalm 
Book,"  1821.     Poems  and  other  literary  works. 

Kenney,  Charles  Lamb,  playwright  and 
writer,  born  in  1823 ;  died  at  London,  August 
25,  1881.  Author  of  "Memoir  of  Michael 
William  Balfe,"  London,  1876.  He  was  also 
a  musical  critic  and  barrister-at-law. 

Kenningham,  Alfred,  tenor  vocalist. 
A  member  of  the  choir  of  St.  Andrew's,  Wells 
Street,  London.  In  1872  he  was  elected 
assistant  vicar  choral ;  and  in  1888,  vicar 
choral,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  He  has  been 
heard  in  concerts  in  London  and  the  provinces, 
and  is  the  composer  of  "  The  hour  of  love," 
and  other  songs. 

Kenningham,  Charles,  tenor  vocalist,  is 
a  native  of  Yorkshire.  In  1886  he  was 
appointed  to  the  Choir  of  Canterbury  Cathe- 
dral, where  he  remained  about  four  years. 
He  made  his  stage  dihut,  January  31,  1891, 
in  Sullivan's  "  Ivanhoe,"  as  De  Bracy,  and 
afterwards  sang  in  "  La  Basoche."  He  then 
went  on  tour  with  the  D'Oyly  Carte  Company 
in  the  "Nautch  Girl,"  "Vicar  of  Bray," 
"Jane  Annie,"  and  other  light  operas;  and 
sang  at  the  Savoy  Theatre  in  "  Haddon  Hall," 
etc. 

Kent,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Winchester,  March  13,  1700.  He  was 
a  chorister  in  Winchester  Cathedral  under 
Vaughan  Richardson  [1711-1714],  and  in  the 
Chapel  Royal  under  Dr.  Croft.  Successively 
organist  of  Parish  Church  of  Finedon,  North- 
ampton, till  1731 ;  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
till  1737 ;  and  Winchester  Cathedral,  1737-74. 
He  died  at  Winchester,  May  6,  1776.  He 
■composed  Services  in  C  and  D,  and  "  Twelve 


KERR. 

Anthems  "  1773,vol.  1 ;  and  "  Eight  Anthems," 
vol.  2,  edited  by  Corfe.  Kent's  Anthems, 
edited  by  T.  Graham,  London,  1844,  2  vols. ; 
An  edition  edited  by  Vincent  Novello  ;  also 
many  single  anthems. 

Kenward,  William  Daniel,  composer 
and  vocalist,  born  at  Lewes,  March  21,  1797. 
He  studied  under  the  Ashleys,  and  he  was  a 
chorister  in  Durham  Cathedral  under  Dr. 
Camidge,  and  from  there  was  appointed  pre- 
centor of  the  West  Church,  Aberdeen,  1824-28. 
In  1828  he  became  precentor  of  the  High 
Church,  Edinburgh,  and  he  acted  as  singing 
master  at  Heriot's  Hospital  from  1837,  and 
conductor  of  the  Harmonists'  Society  from 
1829  till  1860.  He  died  at  Edinburgh,  May  1, 
1860. 

Works. — Sacred  Harmony  [1839]  also 
[1848].  The  Psalmody  of  Scotland,  1855. 
The  Scottish  Psalm  and  Tune  Book,  1855. 
Collection  of  the  Sacred  Music  of  the  Church 
of  Scotland.,  to  which  is  prefixed  the  rudi- 
ments of  Music,  and  scales  and  exercises  for 
the  voice,  Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Kenway,  Helen,  a  teacher  of  music  at 
Bath,  desirous  of  extending  the  means  of  aid- 
ing musicians  disabled  by  ill-health,  or  other 
causes,  and  to  provide  a  school  for  orphan 
girls,  has  devoted  herself  entirely  to  the 
realisation  of  these  benevolent  objects.  Be- 
ginning, about  1877,  by  taking  one  girl  into 
her  sister's  school  at  Bath,  she  gradually 
extended  her  operations  ;  and  in  1883  took  a 
house  in  London.  Since  1894  the  Orphan 
School  has  been  located  at  16,  Norland  Square, 
Notting  Hill,  and  there  Miss  Kenway  gives 
her  time  and  means  entirely  bo  this  institution, 
the  only  one  of  its  kind  connected  with  the 
musical  profession,  and  dependent  upon  the 
voluntary  pecuniary  aid  of  those  interested 
in  her  philanthropic  work. 

Kerfoot,  Joseph,  blind  organist,  was  born 
at  the  end  of  last  century.  For  over  53  years 
he  was  organist  of  the  Parish  Church,  Leigh, 
Lancashire.  He  died  at  Leigh,  in  August, 
1884. 

His  son,  Joseph,  was  born  in  1819,  and  was 
organist  of  Winwick  Parish  Church  from 
1837  to  1890,  when  he  retired.  He  died  at 
Leigh,  in  May,  1894. 

Thomas,  brother  of  the  first  named,  was  a 
native  of  Chester,  and  for  over  50  years  was 
organist  of  Warrington  Parish  Church.  He 
published  a  book  entitled  "  Parochial  Psalm- 
ody," 1838. 

Kerr,  Mrs.  Alexander,  boi~n  Louisa 
Hay,  song-writer  and  authoress  of  the  present 
century  She  wrote  a  number  of  sentimental 
ballads,  and  a  few  part-songs,  words  and  music. 
Among  the  former  may  be  named,  "^lelodies, 
the  Words  written  and  the  ^lusic  composed 
by  Mrs.  Alexander  Kerr,"  London,  D'Almaine 
[1835] ;  Evening  hymn,  etc. 


230 


BEITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY 


KETTLE. 

Kettle,  Charles  Edward,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  !March 
28,  1833.  Organist  successively  at  St.  Mar- 
garet's, Plumstoad ;  St.  Nicholas,  Plumstead ; 
Holy  Trinity,  Woolwich ;  Hove  Parish  Church ; 
Queen's  Square  Congregational  Church, 
Brighton.     He  died,  March  2,  1895. 

Works. — Sunday  School  Hymns,  London, 
Weekes ;  Songs  of  the  Church ;  Northern 
Psalter;  Chants,  ancient  and  modern;  Kettle's 
Tune  Book  :  containing  700  original  tunes 
and  chants ;  Hymn  Tunes  in  various  collec- 
tions; Service  of  song.  Three  operas:  Amelie; 
Hermina  ;  The  water  cure  (MS.).  In  the 
dawning ;  The  voice  of  music,  and  other 
songs.  Postlude  in  C  ;  Marche  Solennelle  ; 
Offertoire,  etc.,  for  organ.     Pf.  pieces,  various. 

His  daughter,  Lizzie  Kettlk,  was  educated 
at  the  London  Academy  of  ]\Iusic ;  and  is  now 
a  teacher  of  pf.,  violin,  etc.,  at  Brighton. 

Key,  Joseph,  of  Nuneaton,  church  com- 
poser, who  flourished  in  the  first  half  of  the 
present  century.  He  wrote  a  number  of  | 
marches  for  organ,  etc.,  and  Eleven  Anthems 
on  general  and  particular  occasions,  for  four 
voices,  n.d.  Five  anthems,  four  collects, 
twenty  psalm  tunes,  etc.,  London  [1790]. 
Collected  anthems,  in  4  books,  etc. 

Kiallmark,  George,  composer  and  violin- 
ist, born  at  King's  Lynn,  February,  1781; 
baptized  in  March.  He  studied  under  Bar- 
thelemon,  Spagnoletti,  and  Logier.  Violinist 
in  various  orchestras,  and  teacher.  Leader 
at  Sadler's  Wells,  London.  Died,  Islington, 
INIarch,  183.5. 

WoKKs. — Sojtgs  :  All  alone  ;  Autumn  noons  ; 
Banks  of  the  Rhine  ;  Bound  where  thou  wilt ; 
Cupid  and  Hymen  ;  Fair  Haidee  ;  Fare  thee 
well;  Farewell,  bright  star;  Helen's  Fare- 
well; Him  I  love;  Maid  of  Athens;  Now 
each  tie;  0  come,  my  love;  etc.,  etc.  Part- 
songs  :  An  immense  number  of  divertimentos, 
fantasias,  marches,  fanfares,  etc.,  for  pf. 

His  eldest  son,  George  Frederick,  was 
born  in  Islington,  London,  November  7, 1804. 
He  studied  at  home  under  his  father,  Logier, 
and  Moscheles,  and  at  Paris,  under  Kalk- 
brenner,  and  others.  He  resided  in  London 
as  a  teacher  and  concert-giver,  and  died 
December  13,  1887.  Celebrated  as  a  piano- 
forte player. 

Kidd,  William  James  Pasley,  musician 
and  editor  of  first  half  of  the  present  century. 
He  compiled  "  The  Chorister's  Text-book, 
containing  nearly  200  psalm  and  hymn-tunes, 
preceded  by  a  comprehensive  Grammar  of 
Music,"  1856.  One  of  the  contributors  to 
the  "  British  :^^instrel." 

Kidson,  Frank,  musician,  of  Leeds,  com- 
piler of  ■'  Old  English  Country  Dances  .  .  . 
with  notes,  and  a  bibliography  of  English 
country  dance  music,"  London,  1890.  "  Tra- 
ditional   Tuues,   a  collection  of   ballad  airs, 


KING. 

chief! J'  obtained  in  Yorkshire  and  the  South 
of  Scotland  .  .  .  ,"  Oxford,  1891. 

Kiiburn,  Nicholas,  composer  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Bishop  Auckland,  February 
7,  1843.  Was  privately  educated  in  music. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac, Cambridge,  1880.  Since 
1875  he  has  been  conductor  of  the  Auckland 
Musical  Society;  from  1882  of  the  Middles- 
borough  ^lusical  Union ;  and  of  the  Sunder- 
land Philharmonic,  from  1885.  He  has 
conducted  concerts  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne ; 
lectured  on  music  ;  and  as  a  zealous  amateur, 
done  much  to  promote  musical  culture  in  the 
north.  His  compositions  include  a  sacred 
cantata,  "  Grant  us  Thy  peace  "  ;  an  oratorio, 
"  St.  Thomas,"  both  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  the  latter  produced  at  Bishop 
Auckland,  December,  188G.  Psalms  23,  and 
1.37,  for  chorus  and  orchestra ;  Anthems,  and 
Church  services.  The  Golden  River ;  The 
Silver  Star,  cantatas  for  female  voices.  Suite 
for  orchestra  (1894);  Songs  and  part-songs. 
Duologue  for  pf .  aud  violin.  Author  of  pamph- 
lets :  How  to  manage  a  Choral  Society ; 
Notes  and  notions  on  Music ;  Wagner,  a 
sketch  of  his  life  and  works ;  and  Parsifal, 
a  pilgrimage  to  Bayreuth. 

Killen,  Rev.  William  D.,  clergyman 
and  writer.  President  of  the  Presbyterian 
College,  Belfast,  and  professor  of  ecclesiastical 
history.  Author  of "  The  Wesminster  Divines 
and  the  use  of  instrumental  music  in  the  wor- 
ship of  God,"  Belfast.  1882.  "  A  Catechism 
of  the  scriptural  authority  for  the  use  of  in- 
strumental music  in  the  Christian  Church," 
Belfast,  1885.  "  Ecclesiastical  history  of  Ire- 
land," London,  1876,  2  vols. 

Killick,  Thomas,  musician  of  early  part 
of  present  centurj',  who  resided  at  Gravesend 
as  an  organist  ar.d  teacher.  Among  other 
works  he  issued  "  Original  set  of  Quadrilles 
and  a  waltz  for  the  pf.,"  London  [1829]. 
Also  Handel's  Overtures,  arranged  for  the 
organ  and  pf.,  Clementi  [1823]. 

Kilner,  Thomas,  organist  and  author,^ 
who  died  at  London,  September  30,  1876. 
Author  of  "Manual  of  Psalmody  and  Chant- 
ing," 1850;  "Pocket  Chant  Book,"  1850; 
Jottings  about  choral  and  congregational  ser- 
vices, organs  and  organists,  Gregorians, 
benches,  and  chairs,  etc.,"  London,  8vo, 
1872  ;  second  ed.,  1873.  Numerous  pieces  of 
organ  music,  etc. 

king,  Alfred,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Shelley,  Essex,  April  24,  1837.  He 
studied  for  the  Church,  but  was  a  pupil  for 
organ  of  Dr.  Steggall.  Became  F.C.O.,  1868  ; 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1872;  Mus.  Doc,  1890, 
Oxford.  Held  organ  appointments  at  Cud- 
deston  Theological  College,  1856;  Eastnor 
Castle  (Earl  Somers),  1857-64  ;  St.  Michael 
and  All  Angels,  Brighton,  1865-77 ;  Brighton 
Parish  Church,  1877  87.     Appointed  organist 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


231 


KING. 

to  Brighton  Corporation,  1878  ;  and  from  that 
date  to  1883,  was  chorus-master  and  part 
conductor  of  the  Brighton  JIusical  Festivals. 
Principal  of  the  Brighton  School  of  Music. 
His  works  include  a  cantata,  "  Deliverance  "  ; 
an  oratorio,  "The  Epiphany,"  produced  at 
Brighton,  April  9,  1891 ;  Mass  in  B  flat ;  an 
Evening  Service  in  B  flat.  Madrigal;  ^lusic, 
when  sweet  voices  die,  for  six  voices,  Brighton, 
December,  1886  ;  Part-sougs,  hymns,  etc. 

King,  Charles,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Bury-St. -Edmunds,  in  1687.  Chorister 
in  St.  Paul's  under  Dr.  Blow  and  Jeremiah 
Clark.  Married  to  sister  of  J.  Clark.  Al- 
moner and  Master  of  Choristers,  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  1707.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1707. 
Organist  of  St.  Benet  Fink,  London,  1708. 
Vicar-choral  of  St.  Paul's,  1730.  He  died  at 
London,  March  17,  1748. 

WoEKS. — Services  in  F,  C,  D.  and  B  flat. 
Anthems — Rejoice  in  the  Lord ;  Hear,  0 
Lord ;  0  praj'  for  the  peace  of  Jerusalem ; 
Unto  Thee,  O  Lord  ;  Wherewithal  shall  a 
young  man  learn. 

King,  Donald  William,  tenor  vocalist, 
was  born  in  1812.  Was  appointed  principal 
tenor,  Foundling  Hospital,  1845.  He  sang  in 
Opera  at  Drury  Lane,  and  with  the  English 
Opera  Company  at  the  Strand  Theatre,  in 
1848.  He  was  a  successful  ballad  singer. 
Died  at  Kilburn,  London,  August  7,  1886. 

King,  Frederick,  baritone  vocalist,  born 
at  Lichfield,  January  3,  1853.  Chorister  at 
St.  Mary's,  Lichfield,  and  afterwards  studied 
under  John  Pearce,  Birmingham.  Gaiued  a 
Scholarship  at  the  National  Training  School 
for  Music,  in  1876.  Made  his  debut  at  one  of 
Harrison's  Concerts,  Birmingham,  January 
30,  1879,  and  sang  at  the  Birmingham  Fes- 
tival the  same  year.  In  1880  he  sang  at  the 
Gloucester  Festival,  aud  in  succession  at  the 
other  Three  Choirs'  Jlcetings  ;  also  at  Leeds, 
in  1880,  in  the  title  part  in  "Elijah;"  and 
again  in  1883-86,  creating  the  part  of  Lucifer 
in  Sullivan's  "  Golden  Legend."  He  sang  at 
the  Handel  Fesivals,  1880-82,  and  1885; 
Chester  Festival,  1882  ;  and  at  the  principal 
Metropolitan  and  provincial  concerts.  He 
was  appointed  a  professor  of  singing  at  R.A.M. 
in  1890  ;  and  in  1895  made  Hon.  K.A.M. 

King,  Henry  John,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  Australia.  Composed  a  cantata 
"  Centennial  Ode  "  (Rev.  W.  -\llen).  performed 
at  the  opening  of  the  Melbourne  Exhibition, 
August  1888.  He  has  also  written  a  choral 
ballad,  "Trafalgar,"  for  men's  voices,  without 
accompaniment  ;  a  Morning  and  Evening 
Service,  witli  the  Communion  Office  in  F,  etc. 

King,  James,  musician,  born  about  1788. 
He  was  a  singing  master  in  London.  Died, 
London,  August  6,  1855.  Author  of  "  An 
Introduction  to  the  theory  and  practice  of 
Singing,"   London    [1823].      "Collection   of 


KING. 

Glees,  Madrigals,  etc."  London  [1839].  Psalms 
of  David  arranged  to  chants.  Loudon  [1840]. 
Songs,  etc. 

King,  James,  composer  and  bandmaster 
of  the  5th  Dragoons,  was  born  about  1809. 
When  only  six  years  old  he  was  present  at 
the  battle  of  Waterloo  with  his  father,  who 
was  a  trumpet  major.  He  died  at  Derby, 
September  22,  1888.  Composer  of  music  for 
military  bands. 

King,  Jessie,  contralto  vocalist.  Studied 
in  London,  and  appeared  at  the  Crystal  Palace 
June  22,  1889,  taking  part  in  the  concerted 
music  in  "  Elijah,"  performed  on  Festival 
scale  in  the  Handel  Orchestra.  She  was  en- 
gaged for  the  Gloucester  Festival  of  1892, 
at  Worcester  the  next  year,  and  at  Hereford 
in  1894  ;  singing  with  much  success.  Since 
then  she  has  gained  a  good  position  among 
vocalists  of  the  day.  She  sang  at  the  Glou- 
cester Festival,  1895  ;  at  Tewkesbury  Festival 
and  at  the  Jubilee  performance  of  "  Elijah," 
Crystal  Palace,  June  27,  189G. 

King,  Matthew  Peter,  compos. r,  born 
at  London,  1773.  He  studied  music  under 
C.  F.  Horn,  and  was  a  teacher  and  musical 
director  in  London.  He  died  at  London, 
January,  1823. 

Works.— Sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  1,  2,  5,  14; 
Rondos,  op.  13,  22 ;  Quintet  for  pf.,  flute, 
vn.,  tenor,  aud  'cello.,  op.  16 ;  Divertissement 
for  pf.,  op.  24.  Tlie  Intercession,  oratorio, 
1817.  (This  contains  the  celebrated  song, 
Eve's  Lamentation.)  Music  to  Dramas — 
Matrimony,  1804  ;  The  invisible  girl,  1806  ; 
False  alarms  (with  Braham),  1807  ;  One 
o'clock,  or  the  wood  demon  (with  Kelly), 
1807 ;  Ella  Rosenberg,  1807 ;  Up  all  night, 
or  the  smugglers'  cave,  1809;  Plots,  1810; 
Oh,  this  love,  1810;  The  Americans  (with 
Braham),  1811  ;  Timour  the  Tartar,  1811 ; 
The  fisherman's  hut  (with  Davy),  1819;  The 
magicians  (with  Braham).  The  Harmonist, 
a  collection  of  glees  and  madrigals,  from  the 
classic  poets  [1814].  A  general  treatise  on 
music,  particularly  on  harmony  or  thorough- 
bass, and  its  application  in  composition,  Lon- 
don, 1800.  Introduction  to  the  theory  and 
practice  of  singing  at  first  sight,  1806.  Part- 
songs  ;  duets,  as  The  minute  gun  at  sea ; 
songs,   etc. 

His  son,  C.  M.  King,  composed  songs  and 
pf.  music. 

King,  Oliver  A.,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  in  London,  in  1855.  Chorister  at  St. 
Andrew's,  Wells  Street.  Articled  pupil  of 
J.  Barnby,  and  afterwards  assistant  organist 
at  St.  Anne's,  Soho.  Studied  pf.  under  W. 
H.  Holmes  ;  and  at  Leipzig  Conscrvatorium 
under  Reinecke,  and  others,  1874-7.  Ap- 
pointed pianist  to  H.R.H.  the  Princess  Louise, 
1879,  and  was  in  Canada  in  that  capacity, 
1880-8.      While    there,    he  gave   recitals  in 


232 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


KING. 

various  towns,  and  visited  New  York.  He 
has  also  given  concerts  on  the  continent  of 
Europe.  Sometime  musical  director  of  St. 
Marylebone  Parish  Church  ;  he  is  now  a  pro- 
fessor of  pf.  at  R.A.M.  His  compositions  are 
very  numerous,  the  principal  being  named 
below. 

Works. — Psalm  137,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  produced,  Chester  Festival,  1888. 
Cantatas  :  The  Romance  of  the  Roses,  op.  80 ; 
Proserpina,  op.  93,  female  voices,  both  with 
orchestra ;  The  Naiades,  female  voices ; 
Morning  and  Evening  Service  in  D:  Te  Deum 
and  Jubilate  in  D,  with  free  organ  accompani- 
ment. Album  of  duets ;  songs,  and  part- 
songs.  Soldier,  rest;  The  Curfew  (6  voices), 
etc.  Orc/ifs^ra^;  SjTnphon)',  Night ;  Concert 
overture,  Among  the  Pines  (Prize,  Philhar- 
monic Society,  1883) ;  Concert  overture  in  D 
minor,  produced  at  Novello  Concerts,  1888  ; 
Concerto,  pf.  (1885,  Brinsmead  Prize) ;  Con- 
certo in  G  minor,  violin,  Henschel  Concerts 
(Emil  Mahr),  January  20,  1887.  Sonata  in 
D  minor ;  Twelve  pieces,  violin  and  pf. 
Legende ;  Miniatures,  3  books,  and  other 
pieces,  pf.  Twelve  original  voluntaries ;  Suite, 
op.  6 ;  Sonata,  op.  71,  and  other  compositions 
for  organ,  etc. 

King,  Robert,  composer,  was  born  about 
the  middle  of  the  17th  century.  Musician  in 
band  of  William  and  ^lary,  and  Queen  Anne. 
Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1696.  He  died  after 
1711. 

Works. — Music  in  The  Banquet  of  Musick, 
1688 ;  Choice  Avres,  Songs,  and  Dialogues, 
1684;  Comes  Amoris,  1687-93.  Music  to 
Shadwell's  Ode  on  St.  Cecilia's  Day,  1690. 
"Once  more  'tis  born,"  Ode  on  Earl  of  Exeter, 
1693.  Songs  for  1,  2,  and  3  voices,  composed 
to  a  Thorough  Basse,  for  ye  organ  or  harpsi- 
chord," London,  n.d. 

King,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1624.  Chorister  in  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford,  1648.  B.A.,  1649.  Chaplain  of  Mag- 
dalen College,  1650-4.  Probationer-fellow  of 
All  Soul's  College,  1654.  Organist  of  New 
College,  Oxford,  1664.  He  died  at  Oxford, 
November  17,  1680.  He  wrote  a  Service  in  B 
flat,  Anthems,  etc.,  and  "  Poems  of  Mr.  Cowley, 
and  others,  composed  into  Songs  and  Ayres," 
Oxford,  1668. 

His  father,  George  King,  was  organist  of 
Winclicster  Cathedral. 

Kingsbury,  Frederick,  pianist,  conduc- 
tor, and  teacher,  born  at  Taunton,  1815  (?). 
Gave  his  first  concerts  in  his  native  place,  in 
Januar}-,  1841,  playing  pf.  pieces  by  Hiinten 
and  Thalberg,  and  also  appearing  as  a  vocalist. 
In  1844  he  became  a  student  at  the  R.A.M. 
He  conducted  oratorio  concerts  at  Holborn 
Theatre;  was  director  of  the  London  Vocal 
Academy ;  and  about  1863,  formed  the  West 
London  Choral  Union,  giving  concerts  in  St. 


KINROSS. 

James's  Hall,  and  assisting,  with  his  choir,  at 
the  Crj-stal  Palace  concerts.  In  1868  he  con- 
ducted the  Promenade  Concerts  at  the  Agri- 
cultural Hall ;  and  up  to  1882  was  engaged  in 
concert  work.  In  that  year  he  was  appointed 
a  professor  of  singing  at  the  Blackheath  Con- 
ser\'atoire,  and  was  also  a  professor  of  pf.  at 
the  Guildhall  School.  He  died  in  London, 
Februarv-  26,  1892,  at  the  age  of  seventy- 
seven. 

Author  of  "The  Voice  and  the  structure 
and  management  of  the  vocal  organ "... 
London,  1858. 

Kingston,  William  Beatty=,  journalist 
and  writer  on  music,  born  at  London  in  18.37. 
He  was  in  the  Public  Record  Office  in  1852, 
and  in  1856,  became  attached  to  the  Austrian 
Consular  service.  Has  acted  as  special  corre- 
spondent to  various  newspapers,  and  travelled 
much  in  various  parts  of  Europe.  Author  of 
"Music  and  ^Manners,"  London,  1887, Chapman 
and  Hall,  2  vols. :  "  Monarchs  I  have  met," 
1887,  2  vols.;  "Wanderer's  Notes."  1888,  2 
vols.;  the  English  libretto  of  "The  Beggar 
Student,"  produced  by  Carl  Rosa,  1884 ;  and 
contributions  to  The  Lute,  and  other  musical 
journals.  In  1884,  he  received  the  Order  of 
the  Cro^^■n  of  Roumania.  being  the  first  English- 
man so  decorated ;  and  in  1885,  the  Order  of 
the  Redeemer,  from  the  King  of  Greece.  He 
has  also  composed  some  pieces  for  pf . 

His  daughter,  Marie  Axtoixette  Kings- 
ton (now  Baroness  von  Zedlitz).  has  composed 
a  number  of  songs :  Tell  her ;  Sweetheart, 
say  ? ;  For  lack  of  thee ;  ^^^len  leaves  are 
green,  and  others.  Also  some  compositions 
for  pf.  Editor  of  Luigi  .\rditi's  "  My  Remin- 
iscences," London,  Skeflfington,  1896. 

Kinloch,  George  R.,  Scottish  baUad 
collector,  published  "Ancient  Scottish  Ballads 
recovered  from  tradition,  and  never  before 
published,  with  notes  and  an  appendix  con- 
taining the  airs,"  Edinburgh,  1827.  The 
dance  tune  "  Kinloch  of  Kinloch,"  usually 
adapted  to  ConoUy's  song,  "  ^lary  MacneU," 
and  also  to  Andrew  Park's  "  Hurrah  for  the 
Highlands,"  was  composed  by  George  Elinloeh 
of  Kinloch.  It  first  appeared  in  Watlen's 
"  Circus  Tunes,"  afterwards  in  collections  of 
Gow. 

Kinlock,  Eliza,  horn  Tracbxer,  soprano 
singer,  born  at  London,  !March  7,  1796.  She 
appeared  very  early  as  a  ballad  singer,  and 
married  Mr.  Lane,  an  actor,  who  died  soon 
after.  In  1827  she  appeared  in  the  United 
States,  and  in  the  same  year  married  Mr. 
Kinlock,  an  actor.  She  died  at  Long  Branch, 
New  Jersey,  August  11,  1887. 

Kinross,  John,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  in  Edinburgh,  October  16,  1848.  Ap- 
prenticed to  a  music  seller,  and  in  early  youth 
mostly  self-taught.  Was  in  a  telegraph  office 
in  Ireland  for  a  short  time,  and  about  1865 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


233 


KINSEY. 

settled  in  Dundee,  studying  under  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren,  and  others,  in  London,  during  his 
holidays.  Settled  in  London,  1883.  Died, 
December  30,  1890.  He  was  a  successful 
teacher,  but  devoted  most  of  his  time  to  com- 
position. His  works  consist  of  a  Cantata, 
"  Songs  in  a  vineyard,"  for  female  voices ; 
Psalm  of  life,  part-song ;  Two-part  song 
(Merry  Songsters)  ;  Song,  Bessie  Bell  and 
Mary  Gray ;  Scotch  and  English  songs,  etc. 
Twelve  Scandinavian  Sketches,  op.  16 ;  Suite, 
for  small  hands,  op.  18  ;  Three  Rondolettos, 
and  other  pieces  for  pf .  Twenty-four  sketches, 
in  two  books,  for  harmonium,  etc. 

Kinsey,  Thomas  Hague,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Liverpool,  December  15, 
1858.  Pursued  his  early  studies  in  private, 
a,nd  went  to  Leipzig  in  1877.  There  he 
remained  until  1880,  studying  under  Oscar 
Paul,  E.  F.  Richter,  and  Jadassohn.  Resident 
in  Liverpool  as  professor  of  pf. ;  organist  of 
Sefton  Park  Church,  and  conductor  of  Sefton 
Park  Musical  Society,  etc.  He  has  composed 
several  orchestral  works ;  a  trio  in  A,  for  pf. 
and  strings,  produced,  Liverpool,  1889  ;  pieces 
ior  pf. ;  songs,  part-songs,  and  some  church 
music. 

Kirbye,  Qeorge,  composer,  who  flourished 
in  the  latter  half  of  the  16th  century.  He 
•was  a  native  of  Suffolk.  He  resided  mostly 
in  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  where  he  died  in  1634, 
and  is  buried  in  St.  Mary's  Church.  One  of 
the  ten  composers  who  harmonized  Este's 
Psalms,  1592,  and  he  composed  the  madrigal 
for  six  voices  in  the  "  Triumphs  of  Oriana," 
entitled  "Bright  Phoebus,"  and  published 
"The  First  Set  of  English  Madrigalls,  to  4, 
5,  and  6  voyces,"  London,  Este,  1597.  Of 
this  a  new  edition,  edited  by  G.  E.  P.  Ark- 
wright,  was  published  in  1891-92. 

Kirk,  Helen  Drysdale,  Scottish  contralto 
vocalist,  was  born  about  1844.  She  sang  in 
various  parts  of  Scotland,  particularly  in 
Edinburgh  and  Glasgow,  along  with  Mr.  Tom 
Maclagan  and  others,  and  was  well-known  as 
a  successful  singer  of  Scots  songs.  She  died 
at  Glasgow,  January  30,  1871. 

Kirkhope,  John,  amateur  musician  and 
•conductor,  born  at  Edinburgh,  November, 
1844.  In  1881  he  established  a  choir  which 
has  performed  works  of  a  very  high  class, 
chiefly  in  Edinburgh.  The  choir  is  one  of 
the  best  in  Scotland,  both  as  regards  the 
finish  of  its  performances  and  the  quality  of 
the  works  performed. 

Kirkman,  Mrs.  Joseph,  musician  and 
teacher,  author  of  "  A  practical  analysis  of  the 
Elementary  principles  of  Harmony,"  Lon- 
don, 1845;  "Pianoforte  Instructor  for  the 
million  .  .  .  ,"  London  [1854]  ;  "Three  easy 
lessons  for  the  Spanish  guitar,"  London 
[1840]  :   Pf.   exercises,  etc. 

Kitchin,  Qeorge,  organist  and  conductor. 


KLEIN. 

nephew  of  the  Dean  of  Winchester.  Was 
organist  of  St.  Saviour's,  Brockley,  1871; 
Holy  Trinity,  Sydenham,  1874.  Has  been 
conductor  of  the  Stock  Exchange  Orchestral 
Society  since  its  formation  in  1885.  In  April, 
1893,  he  conducted  a  Festival  held  in  Win- 
chester Cathedral. 

Kitchiner,  William,  physician  and  mus- 
ician, born  London,  1775.  Educated  at 
Eton,  and  graduated  M.D .,  Glasgow.  Having 
inherited  his  father's  fortune,  he  never  prac- 
tised, but  lived  mostly  in  London,  devoting 
his  time  to  scientific  and  other  pursuits.  He 
died  at  London,  February  27,  1827. 

Works. — The  cook's  oracle  (1817) ;  Art  of 
invigorating  and  prolonging  life  (1822) ;  The 
economy  of  the  eyes  (1824)  ;  The  traveller's 
oracle,  1827.  Ivanhoe  :  or,  the  Knight  Tem- 
plars, musical  drama.  The  loyal  and  national 
songs  of  England,  for  one,  two,  and  three 
voices,  selected  from  original  manuscripts 
and  early  printed  copies  in  the  library  of 
William  Kitchiner,  M.D. .London,  1823.  The 
sea  songs  cf  England,  etc.,  London,  1823. 
Amatory  and  anacreontic  songs  set  to  music, 
London,  n.d.  The  sea  songs  of  Charles  Dib- 
din,  with  a  memoir  of  his  life  and  writings, 
London,  1824.  Observations  on  vocal  music, 
London,  1821.     Glees,  songs,  etc. 

Kiver,  Ernest,  pianist  and  organist,  born 
in  London,  September  22,  1864.  Studied  at 
R.A.M.,  under  the  late  Thomas  Wingham; 
A.R.A.M.,  and  F.R.C.O.  Some  time  organist 
of  St.  Bride's,  London,  and  later  of  The 
Oratory,  Brompton,  which  position  he  re- 
signed in  1893.  Has  appeared  as  solo  pianist, 
and,  since  1886,  given  high-class  concerts  at 
Princes'  Hall  and  Queen's  Hall,  bringing 
forward,  especially,  important  works  by 
English  composers.  He  introduced,  for  the 
first  time  in  public,  Sterndale  Bennett's  String 
Quartet  in  G  (May  14,  1886),  Thomas  Wing- 
ham's  Quartet  (May  8,  1889),  and  works  by 
other  composers.  He  is  a  professor  of  the  pf. 
at  the  R.A.M. 

Klein,  Hermann,  musical  critic,  and 
teacher  of  singing,  born  at  Norwich,  July  23, 
1856.  Studied  singing  under  Manuel  Garcia, 
1874-7.  Appointed  professor  of  singing,  Guild- 
hall School  of  Music,  1887  ;  and  director  of 
the  opera  class,  after  the  death  of  Mr.  Weist 
HiU,  December,  1891.  He  gave  a  perform- 
ance of  "  Fra  Diavolo,"  at  the  Lyric  Theatre, 
March  19,  1892.  He  is  the  composer  of  "  The 
Cavalier's  Farewell "  ;  "  The  Empty  Saddle  "  ; 
"The  Voice,"  and  other  songs.  Among  the 
undertakings  successfully  organized  by  him 
were  the  reception  held  in  London  in  honour 
of  the  Jubilee  of  Dr.  Joachim,  1894,  and  the 
celebration  of  the  70th  birthday  of  Mr.  August 
Manns,  1895.  In  1879-80,  he  was  musical 
critic  of  The  Examiner :  and  has  filled  a 
similar  post  on  the  Sunday  Times,  from  1881. 


234 


BlUTISH   MUSICAL    BIOGEAPHY. 


KLITZ. 

Compiler  of  "Musical  Notes,"  1886-7-8-9. 
Lectured  on  the  "Progress  of  Opera  during 
the  Queen's  Reign,"  18'J7. 

Klitz,  Philip,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Lymington,  Hampshire,  January  7, 
1805.  He  was  the  son  of  a  German  musician, 
Geoige  P.  Klitz,  under  whom  he  studied. 
Teacher  and  organist  in  Southampton,  where 
he  held  appointments  at  St.  Lawrence  and 
St.  Joseph's  Churches  ;  afterwards  at  All 
Saints'.  He  died  at  Southampton,  January 
12,  1854.-  Composer  of  "Songs  of  the  Mid- 
Watch,"  1838,  and  numerous  single  songs. 
Author  of  "  Sketches  of  life,  character  and 
scenery  in  the  New  Forest,"  1850. 

His  son,  Georgk,  was  also  a  composer,  and 
his  brotheis  William  (died  1857),  Charles 
(died  1804),  J.\mks  Fkederick  (died  1870;, 
Robert  John  and  John  Henry  (died  1880), 
were  all  musicians. 

Klose,  Francis  Joseph,  composer  and 
writer,  born  at  London,  in  1784.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  orchestra  of  King's  Theatre, 
and  of  the  Concert  of  Ancient  Music.  Teacher 
of  the  pf  in  London.  He  died  at  Maryle- 
bone,  London,  March  8,  18.30. 

Composer  of  a  large  quantity  of  pf.  music, 
and  author  of  "  Practical  hints  for  acquiring 
thorough-bass,"  London,  1822.  His  songs, 
"  My  native  land,"  "  The  Rose,"  etc.,  were 
popular  in  their  day. 

Knapp,  WilEiam,  composer,  was  born  at 
Wareham,  1G98.  Was  parish  clerk  of  Poole. 
He  died  at  Poole,  Dorset,  September,  17(38. 
He  publislied  "  A  Sett  of  New  Psalms  and 
Antliems,  in  four  parts,  and  an  Introduction 
to  Psalmody,"  London,  1738  ;  2ud  ed.  1741 ;  4th 
ed..  1750 ;  7th  ed.  1762.  "New  Church  Melody, 
being  a  Set  of  Anthems,  Psalms.  Hymns,  etc., 
in  four  parts;  with  an  Imploration  wrote  by 
Charles  I.,  during  his  captivity  in  Carisbrook 
Castle,"  London,  1753,  5th  ed.,  1764. 

Knapton,  Philip,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  York,  in  1788.  He  studied  under 
Hagu3,  at  Cambridge.  Teacher  in  York.  He 
died  on  June  20,  1833.  He  coinposed  over- 
tures for  orchestra,  concertos  for  pf.  and 
orchestra,  sonatas  for  pf.,  arrangements  for 
pf.,  songs,  part-songs  etc.  His  song  "  There 
be  none  of  beauty's  daughter,"  issued  about 
1818,  was  well  known.  He  also  published  a 
"Collection  of  Tunes  for  Psalms  and  hymns, 
selected  as  a  supplement  to  those  now  used 
in  several  churches  in  York,"  York  [1810]. 

Knight,  Edward,  musician  and  composer, 
son  of  Edward  Knight,  comic  song-writer  and 
vocalist  (1774-1826),  who  composed  the  "  Sailor 
and  Soldier,"  a  musical  farce,  1805.  Y'oung 
Knight  edited  "  Canadian  airs,  collected  by 
Lieut.  Back,  R.N.,  during  the  late  Arctic 
Expedition  under  Captain  Franklin,  with 
symphonies  and  accompaniments,"  London, 
1823.     He   also  edited  his  father's  "  Comic 


KNOWLES. 

Songs  and  Recitations,"  London,  1827.  His 
brother  was  J.  Prescott  Knight,  the  painter. 

Knight,  Joseph  Philip,  soug-writer,. 
born  at  Eradford-on-Avon,  July  26,  1812.  He 
studied  under  Corfe  of  Bristol  Cathedral. 
Vicar  of  S.  Agnes  in  the  Scilly  Isles.  Retired 
latterly  from  the  ministry.  He  died  at  Great 
Yarmouth,  on  June  2,  1887. 

\\ OHKS.— Songs  —  A  little  bird  told  me  ;  All 
on  the  summer  sea  ;  Beautiful  Venice  ;  Bells- 
of  Venice  ;  Breathe  not  her  name  ;  Beautiful 
spirit ;  Come  roam  to  the  greenwood  ;  Down 
beneath  the  waves  ;  Days  gone  bye  ;  Ellen 
and  Patrick  ;  Farewell  to  thee,  sweet  Venice  ; 
Farewell  my  native  land  ;  Gentle  words  ;  I 
would  I  were  a  child  again  ;  I  love  the  bright 
and  smiling  Spring ;  Love  that  blooms  for 
ever  ;  Music,  sweet  music  ;  Merry  hearts  ; 
May  time ;  ^My  mother's  song ;  Old  green 
lane  ;  Pale  rose  the  moon  ;  Parting  song ; 
Rocked  in  the  cradle  of  tbe  deep ;  Say,  what 
shall  my  song  be  ;  She  would  not  know  me ; 
Spring's  first  violet ;  Sleep  and  the  past ;  St. 
David's  bells  ;  She  wore  a  wreith  of  roses; 
There  was  a  time  ;  Though  thou  art  cold ; 
Thou  wert  not  there  ;  Tree  of  the  forest ;  The 
merry  muleteer  ;  The  old  songs  we  sang ;  The 
veteran  ;  What  pleasant  sounds  ;  World  is  a 
fairy  ring;  \\'hy  chime  the  bells?  Duets,  etc. 

Knight,  Thomas,  musician  and  organist,, 
born  1789  ;  died  November  21,  1811.  He  was 
organist  of  Peterborough  Cathedral  for  a  short 
time. 

Knott,  John,  musician,  son  of  a  Laptist 
mini>^ter  of  Sevenoaks,  Kent.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  Durham  Cathedral,  and  in  1811 
became  precentor  in  the  West  Church,  Aber- 
deen. In  1824  he  was  appointed  precentor 
of  the  New  North  Church,  Edinburgh,  and 
music-master  at  Heriot's  Hospital,  1827-37. 
He  died  at  Edinburgh  in  1837.  Compiler  of 
"  Sacred  harmony,  being  a  collection  of  psalm 
and  hymn  tunes  .  .  ,"  Aberdeen,  1814  ;  2nd 
edition  1815.  "  Selection  of  tunes,  in  four 
parts,  adapted  to  the  psalms  and  paraphases 
of  tlie  Church  of  Scotland,"  Edinburgh, 
[1824].  Two  of  his  sons,  Phelim  and  Taver- 
NOR,  attained  some  distinction  in  Scotland, 
the  first  at  a  poet  and  the  other  as  a  painter. 

Knowles,  George,  amateur  musician, 
was  born  in  174'J.  He  was  educated  at  Mar- 
ischal  College,  Aberdeen,  and  was  licensed  to 
preach  in  1771.  He  became  minister  of 
Birse  in  Aberdeen,  1778-89.  He  died  at  Birse 
on  March  29,  1789.  Composer  of  "  Birse,"  or 
"  Balfour,"  a  psalm  tune,  which  appears  in 
Smith's  "  People's  Tune  Book,"  etc  ,  and 
other  pieces  of  sacred  music.  There  is  a 
reference  to  Knowles  in  Peacock's  "  Travels 
in  Scotland."  He  is  perhaps  best  known  as 
author  of  a  descriptive  poem  on  Deeside,. 
which  originally  appeared  in  the  "  Scots' 
Magazine,"  1814. 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


235 


KNYVETT. 

Another  George  Knowles  published  "  Sa- 
cred Music,  consisting  of  thirty-two  hymn 
tunes,  etc.,"  London,  Goulding  [1815]. 

Knyvett,  Charles,  organist  and  vocalist, 
was  born  on  February  22,  1752.  He  sang  at 
the  Handel  Commemoration,  in  1784,  and  at 
the  Concerts  of  Ancient  Music.  Gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1786.  Established,  with 
S.  Harrison,  the  Vocal  Concerts,  1791-94. 
Organist  of  Chapel  Royal,  1796.  He  died  at 
London,  January  19,  1822.  Composed  Col- 
lection of  favourite  glees,  catches,  and  rounds, 
London,  1800.  Six  airs  harmonized  for  three 
and  four  voices,  London,  1815. 

Knyvett,  Charles,  organist  and  composer, 
eldest  son  of  above,  was  born  in  1773.  He 
studied  under  Parsons  and  Webbe.  Revived 
the  Vocal  Concerts  with  W.  Knyvett,  Greato- 
rex,  and  Bartleman.  Organist  of  St.  George's, 
Hanover  Square,  1802.  He  died  on  November 
2,  1852. 

Wrote  glees,  etc.,  for  "Re-Unions"  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  London,  18TO.  Selection  of 
Psalm  tunes  sung  at  St.  George's  Hanover 
Square,  182-3  ;  2nd  ed.,  1825  ;  4th  ed.,  1850. 
Epitaph  in  Brading  Church  Yard,  set  to  music 
for  three  voices,  September  26,  1831.  Col- 
lection of  favourite  glees,  catches,  rounds, 
etc. ;  Eight  effusions  for  the  pf.,  London 
[1847]. 

Knyvett,  Deborah,  bom  Travis,  singer, 
second  wife  of  William  Knyvett,  was  born  at 
Shaw,  near  Oldham.  She  studied  under 
Greatorex,  and  sang  at  the  concerts  of  Ancient 
Music  in  1813.  Sang  at  principal  London  con- 
certs, 1815-43.  Married  W.  Knyvett,  1826. 
She  died  on  February  10,  1876. 

Knyvett,  William,  singer  and  composer, 
born  April  21,  1779.  Youngest  son  of  Charles 
Knyvett,  the  elder.  Sang  at  concerts  of 
Ancient  Music,  1788.  Principal  alto,  ditto, 
1795.  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal,  1797. 
Lay-Vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey.  Composer 
to  the  Chapel  Royal.  He  sang  at  Loudon 
and  Provincial  concerts,  and  was  conductor 
of  Concerts  of  Ancient  Music,  1832-40.  He 
died  at  Ryde,  November  17,  1856.  He  com- 
posed anthems,  glees,  songs,  etc.,  but  was 
best  known  in  his  day  as  a  vocalist. 

Kollmann,  George  August,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  1780.  Son  of 
Aug.  F.  C.  Kollmann  (1756-1829),  musician 
and  author.  He  succeeded  his  father  as 
organist  of  the  German  Chapel  Royal,  St. 
James's,  1829.  Teacher  in  London,  where 
he  died  March  19,  1845  Composer  of  Three 
Grand  Sonatas  for  pf. ,  op.  1,  1808;  Six 
waltzes  for  the  pf.  .  .  ,  London  [1814],  etc. 
He  also  invented  a  railway  carriage,  which 
had  the  property  of  traversing  the  base  of 
hills,  so  as  to  avoid  the  need  for  tunnels  ; 
and  a  new  mode  of  stringing  and  tuning 
pianofortes.      His    sister,   Johanna    Sophia 


LACY. 

(died,  London,  in  May,  1849),  succeeded  him 
as  organist  of  the  German  Chapel  Royal  in 
1845. 

Kyte,  Francis,  author  of  "  Memoir  re- 
lating to  the  Portrait  of  Handel    .    .    ,"  1829. 

Lablache,  Fanny  Wyndham,  born 
Wilton,  contralto  vocalist,  who  studied  at 
the  R.A.M.,  18-36-7.  Debtd  at  the  Lyceum. 
Sang  at  H.M.  Theatre,  etc.  Married  Frederic 
Lablache,  son  of  Luigi,  and  retired  from  the 
stage.    She  died  at  Paris,  September  23,  J 877. 

Lacy,  Frederick  St.  John,  composer 
and  teacher  of  singing,  born  at  Blackrock, 
County  Cork,  Ireland,  March  27,  1862.  Son 
of  Lieutenant  John  Francis  Lacy,  J. P.  Edu- 
cated at  Dublin,  and  intended  for  the  Bar. 
Deciding  for  music,  he  became  a  student  at 
the  Cork  School  of  Music,  1880-3  ;  then  a 
private  pupil  of  H.  C.  Swertz  ;  finally  entering 
the  R.A.M.,  in  1886,  and  studying  under  Sir 
G.  A.  Macfarren,  E.  Prout,  W.  H.  Cummings 
and  others.  A.R.A.M.  1888,  and  Associate  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society.  Has  held  various 
appointments,  and  was  director  of  the  choir 
at  St.  Augustine's  Ramsgate,  1893-4.  His 
lectures  and  recitals,  "  Notes  on  Irish  music," 
and  "  Song  and  Ballad  music,"  have  been 
given  in  London  and  the  country  ;  and  he 
has  contributed  to  the  "  Musical  Standard  " 
and  other  papers. 

Works. — Four  songs,  op.  1 ;  Annabel  Lee, 
for  tenor  solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  op.  2  ; 
Three  songs,  op.  3  ;  Three  songs,  op.  5  ;  Four 
songs,  op.  6 ;  Six  four-part  songs,  op.  7 ; 
Clias;elar,  a  cycle  of  songs  from  tlie  Whyte- 
Melville  Tableaux  music,  op.  8.  Two  sketches 
for  violin  and  pf.,  op.  4  ;  all  published.  In 
MS.  :  Bethlehem,  sacred  cantata  ;  Mass  in 
C;  Benediction  service,  in  B  flat ;  Part-songs, 
etc.  Incidental  music  to  A  fairy  fantasy 
(1889)  ;  Whyie-Melville  Tableaux  (1890)  ; 
Comic  opera.  Matrimony  (1893) ;  Musical 
farce.  Chaos ;  The  Indian  serenade,  tenor 
solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra  (1888).  Overtures 
— Celtic,  in  A  minor  (1891)  ;  Herman  and 
Dorothea.  Orchestral  serenade,  in  E  ;  String 
quarter,  in  E,  etc.,  etc. 

Lacy,  John,  bass  vocalist,  was  born  about 
the  end  of  tlie  18tli  century.  He  studied 
under  Rauzzini  at  Bath.  Appeared  in  Lon- 
don, Italy,  etc.,  at  oratorios  and  concerts. 
Married  Miss  Jackson,  vocalist,  widow  of  F. 
Bianchi,  1812.  Received  appointment  in 
Calcutta,  1818,  but  returned  to  England  about 
1826.  Resided  on  the  continent  for  some  time. 
Died  while  on  a  visit  to  Devonshire,  1865? 

Lacy,  Mrs.,  born  Jackson,  wife  of  above, 
soprano  vocalist.  Appeared  in  London,  April 
25,  1798.  She  married  F.  Bianchi  in  1800, 
and  after  his  death,  in  1810,  married  Lacy, 
1812.  She  went  with  her  husband  to  Calcutta, 
where  she  probably  died. 


286 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LAHEE. 

Lahee,  Henry,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Chelsea,  April  11,  1826.  Studied 
under  Stcrndale  Bennett,  John  Goss,  and 
Cipriani  Potter.  Organist,  from  1847  to  1874, 
of  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Brompton.  Resident 
in  Croj'don,  as  professor  and  composer.  Mem- 
ber of  the  Philharmonic  Societj' ;  and  for 
years  a  successful  pianist  and  concert-giver. 

Works. — Cantatas — The  building  of  the 
ship  (produced,  Fiusbury  Chapel,  Moorfields, 
December  27,  1869,  and  publicly  performed 
at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms,  May  .30, 1870) ; 
The  blessing  of  the  children,  (1870)  ;  The 
Bleeping  beauty,  and  The  blind  girl  of  Costel 
Cuille,  both  for  female  voices  (the  latter  still 
in  MS.)  ;  The  jolly  beggars  (MS.)  Anthems — 
Grant,  we  beseech  Thee  ;  Praise  the  Lord, 
and  others  .  .  .  Prize  Glees — Now  the  bright 
morning  star  (1855)  ;  Mark  !  how  the  birds 
(Bristol,  1869) ;  Hence  !  loathed  melancholy 
{Manchester,  1878)  ;  Away  to  the  hunt  (Glas- 
gow, 1879)  ;  Love  in  my  bosom  (London, 
1880) ;  Ah  !  woe  is  me  (London,  1884).  These, 
with  other  glees  and  part-songs  have  enjoj'ed 
great  popularitj*.  Instrumental  compositions 
include  a  suite  for  violoncello  and  pf.  and  pf. 
pieces. 

Laidlaw,  Anna  Robena,  Mrs.  Thomson, 
pianist,  born  at  Bretton,  Yorkshire,  April  30, 
1819.  Pupil  of  Robert  Miiller,  Edinburgh. 
Taken  to  Germany  in  1830,  where  she  pursued 
her  studies;  aud  took  further  lessons  from 
Henri  Herz  in  London,  1834.  In  1836  she 
returned  to  Germany,  and  played  at  the  Leip- 
zig Gewandhaus  concerts,  July  2, 1837.  While 
there  she  made  the  acquaintance  of  Robert 
Schumann,  who  dedicated  to  her  his  Fhan- 
tasiestiicke,  op.  12.  She  remained  in  Germany 
until  1840.  and  was  appointed  pianist  to  the 
Queen  of  Hanover.  Her  career  was  continued 
with  much  success  until  the  year  1852,  when 
she  married  ]\Ir.  Thomsou,  a  Scotsman,  and 
has  since  lived  in  retirement. 

Laing,  David,  LL.  D.,  antiquary  and 
scholar,  horn  at  Edinburgh,  1790;  died  at 
Portobello,  October,  1878. 

Works. — Select  remains  of  the  ancient 
poetry  of  Scotland,  1822.  Early  metrical 
tales,  1826.  An  account  of  the  Scottish 
Psalter  of  a.d.  1566,  containing  the  psalms, 
canticles,  and  hymns,  set  to  music  in  four 
parts,  in  the  MSS.  of  Thomas  Wode  or  Wood, 
Vicar  of  Sanct  Androus,  Edinburgh,  4to,  1871. 
See  also  Stenhocse,  William. 

La  Jeunesse,  Marie  Louise  Cecilia 
Emma,  or  .A.lbani,  soprano  vocalist,  born  of 
French-Canadian  parentage,  at  Chambly, 
near  Montreal,  in  1850.  Received  her  first 
instruction  in  music  from  her  father,  an  ac- 
complislied  harpist,  and  studied  at  Albany, 
New  York,  whither  the  family  removed,  in 
1864.  While  there  she  decided  to  adopt  the 
profession  of   singing  ;   and  when  she  made 


LAMBERT. 

her  debut  at  Messina,  in  1870,  she  appeared 
under  the  name  of  Albani.  Previously  she 
had  studied  at  Paris,  under  Duprez,  and  at 
Milan  under  Lamperti.  After  singing  in 
various  places  in  Italy,  she  went  to  London, 
and  made  her  first  appearance  at  Covent 
Garden  Opera  House,  April  2, 1872,  as  Amina, 
in  "  La  Sonnambula,"  and,  with  few  excep- 
tions, has  sung  there  every  year  since  that 
time.  Her  repertory  is  very  extensive,  em- 
bracing the  principal  soprano  parts  in  Lucia 
di  Lammermoor,  Faust,  Mignon,  Rigoletto, 
Flying  Dutchman,  Lohengrin,  Tannhauser, 
Tristan,  and  others,  her  latest  addition  being 
the  part  of  Donna  Anna  in  "  Don  Giovanni." 
July  23,  1896.  She  has  sung  in  opera  at  Paris, 
Brussels,  Berlin,  etc.  Her  Festival  debxd  was 
made  at  Norwich,  in  1872.  The  next  year 
she  sang  at  Birmingham,  and  at  every  suc- 
ceeding Festival ;  at  the  Three  Choirs,  since 
1877,  at  Gloucester  (with  two  exceptions) ; 
at  Bristol,  from  1876 ;  aud  at  Leeds,  1877. 
She  has  been  heard  at  all  the  principal  con- 
certs ;  has  made  several  tours  in  Canada,  and 
the  United  States,  and  alike  in  oratorio,  opera, 
and  ballad,  has  held  a  commanding  position. 
From  1885  onward,  she  has  frequently  sung 
before  the  Queen,  who  has  more  than  once 
visited  her  at  Old  Mar  Lodge.  In  1878,  she 
married  Mr.  Ernest  Gye. 

Lake,  George  Handy,  composer  and 
writer,  born  at  Uxbridge,  June,  1827.  Editor 
of  the  Musical  Gazette.  Held  various  London 
organ  appointments.  He  died  at  London, 
December  24,  1865.  Composer  of  "  Daniel," 
oratorio,  1852,  and  a  number  of  part-songs, 
ballads,  pieces  of  dance  music,  etc. 

Lake,  George  Ernest,  organist  and 
composer,  son  of  George  Handy  Lake,  born  in 
London,  ilay  29,  1854.  Organist  and  music- 
master,  St.  George's  School,  Brampton, 
Hunts.,  1876 ;  St.  John's  Episcopal  Church, 
Edinburgh  ;  Weybridge  Church  ;  All  Saints', 
North  Kensington,  from  1885.  Of  repute  as 
an  organ  player,  he  was  also  known  as  a 
scholar ;  and  the  papers  read  before  tbe  College 
of  Organists,  and  other  bodies,  were  varied 
and  able.  He  was  an  Examiner  for  Trinity 
College,  London,  and  a  member  of  the  Musical 
Nejcs  Spidicate.  He  died  in  London,  March 
15,  1893.  His  compositions  consisted  of 
anthems,  hymn  tunes,  chants,  etc.  ;  some 
organ  pieces,  and  part-songs.  Also  a  musical 
comedv,  "  Sweepstakes,"  produced  at  Terry's 
Theatre,  ^lay  21,  1891. 

Lamb,  Benjamin,  organist  and  composer, 
who  flourished  about  the  beginning  of  the 
18th  century.  Organist  of  Eton  CoUege. 
Composed  organ  and  church  music,  songs,  etc. 

Lambert,  George  Jackson,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Beverley,  November  16, 
1794.  He  studied  under  his  father,  S.  T.  Lyon, 
and  Dr.  Crotch.    Organist  of  Beverley  Minster, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


237 


LAIVIBERT. 

1818-1875.  He  died  at  Beverley,  Januarj-  24, 
1880.  Wrote  sonatas,  trios,  overtures,  septet 
for  strings,  British  concerts,  182-3 ;  Dance 
music  for  pf.,  etc. 

His  father,  George  Lambert,  who  died  at 
Beverley  on  July  15,  1818,  was  organist  of 
Beverley  Minster  for  41  years. 

Lambert,  James,  musician  and  painter, 
was  born  at  Jevington,  Sussex,  in  1725.  He 
resided  at  Lewes  as  a  painter,  music  teacher 
and  organist  of  St.  Thomas-at-Cliffe.  Died  at 
Lewes,  December  7, 1788.  We  have  not  found 
any  published  works  of  this  musician. 

Lambert,  Sir  John,  distinguished  civil 
servant,  and  first  Permanent  Secretary  to  the 
Local  Government  Board,  demands  mention 
here  on  account  of  his  services  to  Roman 
Catholic  Church  music.  He  was  born  at 
Bridzor,  Tisbury,  Wiltshire,  February  4, 1815, 
and  died  at  Milford  House,  Clapham  Common, 
Januarj-  27,  1892.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
St.  Cecilia  Academy,  Rome,  and  the  recipient 
of  a  gold  medal  from  Pius  IX.  for  his  arrange- 
ments of  the  Psalms  and  Antiphons  of  the 
Roman  Liturg}".  His  public  and  political  life 
is  dealt  ^vith  in  the  memoir  in  Vol.  XXXII. 
of  the  Dictionarv  of  National  Biography 
(London  :  Smith,  Elder  &  Co.,  1892). 

Works. — Totiim  Antiphonarium  Vesperale 
Organistrum  in  Ecclesiis  accommodatum, 
1849  ;  Hpnnarium  Vesperale,  Hymnos  Ves- 
perales  totius  anni  complectens  ;  Ordinarium 
Missae  e  Graduale  Romano  in  usum  organis- 
trarmn  adaptatum,  1851 ;  The  true  mode  of 
accompan\-ing  the  Gregorian  Chant,  1848  ; 
Harmonising  and  singing  the  Ritual  song ; 
Grammar  of  Plain  Chant ;  Music  of  the 
Middle  Ages,  1857,  etc.  He  also  collaborated 
in  the  preparation  of  other  works  on  Liturgical 
Music. 

Lambeth,  Henry  Albert,  organist  and 
conductor,  born  at  Hardway,  near  Gosport, 
January  16,  1822.  Studied  the  organ  under 
Thomas  Adams  and  Henry  Smart,  upon  whose 
recommendation  he  was  appointed  Glasgow 
City  Organist  in  1853.  He  was  conductor  of 
the  Glasgow  Choral  Union,  1859-80;  of  the 
new  West  of  Scotland  Choral  Union,  1885. 
Formed  a  choir,  which  gave  its  first  concert 
in  1874,  and  was  then  called  by  his  name  ; 
afterwards  known  as  the  "  Balmoral  Choir  "  ; 
and  now  the  famed  Glasgow  Select  Choir. 
This  he  left  in  1878.  He  was  organist  at  St. 
Mar)''s  Episcopal  Church,  Glasgow,  and  later, 
at  Park  Church.  He  died  at  Glasgow,  June 
27,  1895.  His  compositions  were  settings  of 
Psalms  86,  and  137,  both  performed  by  the 
Glasgow  Choral  Union ;  various  songs  and 
pf.  pieces.  He  edited  (with  D.  Baptie)  The 
Scottish  Book  of  Praise,  1876 ;  and  arranged 
a  number  of  Scotch  songs  for  choral  singing. 

Lamond,  Frederick  A.,  pianist  and 
composer,  bom  at  Glasgow,  January  28,  1868. 


LANCIA. 

Studied  at  first  with  his  brother,  David  La- 
mond. In  1880  he  was  organist  of  Laurieston 
Parish  Church,  and  gave  organ  recitals.  He 
studied  the  violin,  while  in  Glasgow,  mth  H. 
C.  Cooper,  and  with  Heerman  when  he  went 
to  Frankfort,  in  1882.  While  at  the  Raff 
Conservatorium  in  that  town,  his  master  for 
pf.  was  Max  Schwarz,  and  for  composition, 
Anton  Urspruch.  Later,  he  had  lessons  from 
Hans  von  BiUow,  and  Liszt.  He  made  an 
appearance  at  a  concert  at  Berlin,  November 
17,  1885,  and  achieved  a  great  success ;  he 
also  played  at  Vienna  shortlj'  after.  He  gave 
his  first  recital  on  his  return  to  Glasgow, 
March  8,  1886,  and  was  heard  in  London  the 
same  month,  at  the  Princes'  Hall ;  but  he 
removed  to  St.  James's  Hall  for  the  fourth 
recital,  April  15,  when  he  was  honoured  by 
the  presence  of  the  Abbe  Liszt,  then  on  his 
last  visit  to  London.  The  next  few  years  he 
was  chiefly  in  Germany;  but  he  played  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  (Saint-Saens  Concerto,  No.  4, 
in  C  minor),  April  5,  1890  ;  and  at  the  Phil- 
harmonic (Brahms'  Concerto,  No.  2,  in  B  flat), 
May  14, 1891.  Since  then  he  has  still  further 
advanced  his  claim  to  be  placed  among  the 
leading  pianists  of  the  day.  He  plays  fre- 
quently in  Germany,  and  was  in  Berlin  in 
February.  1896,  and  visited  Russia  later  in  the 
year.  His  compositions  are  not  yet  very 
numerous,  but  they  include  a  Symphony  in 
A,  produced  by  the  Glasgow  Choral  Union, 
December  23,  1889  ;  An  overture,  "  Aus  dem 
Schottischen  Hochlande,"  performed  by  the 
Philharmonic  Society,  March  7,  1895  ;  A  pf. 
trio ;  Sonata,  pf .  and  \-ioloncello,  op.  2 ;  Eight 
pieces  for  pf.,  op.  1,  etc. 

Lampe,  Mrs.,  see  Young  Isabella. 

Lancaster,  Joseph,  organist  and  com- 
poser, editor  of  the  "  Leeds  Tune  Book," 
London,  1868  ;  London,  1875,  etc.  Composer 
of  ballads,  dance  music,  etc. 

Lancia,  Florence,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
in  London,  ]\Iarch  20,  1840.  Of  Irish  descent 
on  her  father's  side.  In  1856  she  was  taken 
to  Milan  and  received  lessons  for  a  few  months 
from  Antonio  Sangiovanni ;  and,  returning  to 
London,  was  instructed  by  Signor  Brizzi, 
through  whose  aid  she  secured  an  engagement 
at  Turin,  making  her  debut,  early  in  1858,  as 
Rosina  in  "  II  Barbiere."  She  then  toured 
in  opera  and  concerts  in  Ireland  and  Scotland, 
and  sang  in  the  first  series  of  Monday  Popular 
Concerts,  Januarj-  3,  l859.  In  1861  she  was 
articled  for  five  years  to  Frank  ^lori,  but 
continued  her  public  career.  She  first  sang 
in  oratorio  at  Exeter  Hall,  January  22,  1862, 
in  Haydn's  "  Creation"  ;  and  from  that  time 
until  1874  was  constantly  before  the  public, 
in  opera  and  on  the  concert  platform.  She 
appeared  as  prima  donna  in  at  least  thirty 
operas,  including  the  chief  works  of  Donizetti, 
Bellini,  Verdi,  Balfe,  Wallace,  Benedict,  Auber, 


238 


BKITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LAND. 

etc.,  and  also  in  "  Don  Giovanni,"  "  Der  Freis- 
chiitz,"  and  "  L'Africaine."  She  toured  in 
the  provinces  whh  her  own  opera  company  in 
1867,  etc. ;  sang  in  opera  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
1872  ;  at  the  Gaiety  Theatre,  etc.  One  of  her 
greatest  triumphs  was  at  the  Norwich  Festival 
of  1872,  when,  at  shortest  notice,  she  added 
to  her  own  work,  that  allotted  to  I\Ille.  Titiens, 
in  "  Elijah,"  and  Benedict's  "  St.  Peter,"  the 
audience  rising  C7i  mcisse  to  cheer  her.  After 
her  retirement  in  1874,  she  sang  for  a  few 
years  at  Mr.  Samuel  Brandram's  Shaksperean 
recitals ;  and  now  teaches  the  art  in  which 
she  had  been  so  successful. 

Land,  Edward,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  London,  1815.  One  of  the  children 
of  the  Chapel  Royal.  Accompanist  to  John 
Wilson,  the  Glee  and  INIadrigal  Union,  etc. 
Secretary  of  the  Noblemen  and  Gentlemen's 
Catch  Club.  He  died  at  London,  November 
29,  187G. 

Works. — Scottish  melodies  arranged  as 
songs  without  words,  pf. ;  Lady  Nairn's  Lays 
from  Strathearn,  do. ;  Miscellaneous  pf.  works. 
■Songs :  A  loving  heart ;  Birds  of  the  Sea ; 
You  know  not  how  I've  missed  you ;  My 
Gentle  Elodie ;  Mine,  love  ?  yes  or  no ;  Bird 
of  beauty,  wing  your  flight ;  Sighs  that  only 
love  can  share  ;  So  sweet  is  love's  young 
spring ;  What  can  the  heart  want  more ; 
Angel's  watch;  Dreaming  and  waking ;  Italian 
flower  girl's  song;  etc.  Part-songs,  arrange- 
ments, etc.  Nine  four-part  Songs,  harmon- 
ized, London,   1802. 

Lane,  E.  Burritt,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Christchurch,  Hants,  in  1849.  Studied 
at  Trinitj'  College,  London ;  now  Examiner 
there.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Durham,  1891. 
Organist  of  Bromley  Parish  Church  to  1896 ; 
then  appointed  to  New  Weighhouse  Congre- 
gational Church,  Duke  Street,  Grosvenor 
Square,  London.  Is  professor  of  organ,  etc., 
at  Bromley  School  of  Music.  Has  published 
a  Te  Deuin,  and  other  Church  miisic ;  also 
songs.  Contributed  articles  to  CasselVs  Maga- 
zine, Academic  Gazette,  and  Musical  News. 

Lane,  George  William  Brand,  con- 
ductor, and  choir-trainer,  born  in  London, 
August  13,  18.54,  l)ut  from  infancy  to  the  age 
of  twenty  lived  in  Brighton.  Tonic  Sol-fa 
student,  and  choir-trainer,  Brighton.  In 
1875,  removed  to  Manchester,  whore  he  con- 
ducted large  Tonic  Sol-fa  classes,  and  formed 
a  "  Temperance  Choir,"  which  took  the  first 
prize  in  competitions  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
in  1884-6,  and  1889.  In  1880,  he  founded  the 
Manchester  Philharmonic  Society,  which  has 
a  great  reputation  for  refined  unaccompanied 
singing.  The  Society  also  gave  oratorios, 
cantatas,  and  operas  in  connection  with  Mr. 
Do  Jong's  concerts ;  and  was  invited  by  (Sir) 
Charles  Halle  to  co-operate  with  his  choir  in 
the  opening  and   closing  ceremonies  of  the 


LARA. 

]\Ianchester  Jubilee  Exhibition  of  1887.  IMr. 
Lane  has  l)een  very  successful  as  a  voice- 
trainer,  many  of  the  leading  local  singers 
having  been  under  his  tuition. 

Lane,  Gerald  M.,  is  the  composer  of  a 
number  of  songs :  Only  dreaming ;  Dawn  at 
last ;  Lovers  ;  Sleeping  and  waking  ;  Love's 
vigil;  Tatters,  etc.,  some  of  which  have 
become  popular. 

Lang,  John,  musician,  born  at  Paisley, 
October  17,  1829 ;  died  at  Glasgow,  April, 
1892.  Inventor  of  the  "  Union  Notation." 
In  this  system  the  notes  are  indicated  to  Sol- 
fa  musicians  by  having  the  initial  letter  of  the 
various  notes  in  the  Sol-fa  scale  placed  within 
the  head  of  the  ordinary  musical  characters, 
and  so  presenting  a  combination  of  both  old 
and  new  notations.  A  considerable  amount 
of  music  has  been  printed  on  this  system. 

Langdon,  Richard,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, born  at  Exeter  al)out  1729.  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxon.,  1761.  Organist  of  Exeter  Cathedral, 
1753-77.  Organist,  Bristol  Cathedral,  1777-81. 
Organist  of  Ely  Cathedral  for  a  few  months  in 
1777.  Organist,  Armagh  Cathedral,  1782-94. 
He  died  at  Exeter,  September  8,  1803,  aged  74. 

Works. — Twelve  Songs  and  two  Cantatas, 
op.  4,  London,  n.d.  Divine  Harmony,  being 
a  collection  in  score  of  Psalms  and  Anthems, 
1774.  Anthems.  Twelve  Glees  for  3  and  4 
voices,  London,  1770,  etc. 

Langran,  James,  organist,  born  in  Lon- 
don, November  10, 1835.  Pupil  of  J.  B.  Calkin. 
Graduated  ]\Ius.  Bac,  Oxford,  1884.  Organist 
of  St.  Michael's,  Wood  Green,  1856;  Holy 
Trinity,  Tottenham,  1859 ;  and  from  1870  to 
the  present  time,  organist  of  All  Hallows 
(Parish  Church),  Tottenham.  Musical  In- 
structor, since  1878,  at  St.  Katherine's  Train- 
ing College,  Tottenham.  He  has  published  a 
Morning  and  Evening  Service  ;  contributed 
tunes  to  Hymns  Ancient  and  ]\Iodern  ;  and  is 
Musical  Editor  of  the  New  Mitre  Hymnal, 
1875.  His  hymns,  "  Dcerhurst,"  and  "St. 
'  are  well  known. 

Langshaw,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1718.  He  was  organist  of  the  Parish 
Church  of  Lancaster,  and  died,  1798. 

His  son,  John,  born,  London,  1763,  studied 
under  Charles  Wesley,  and  succeeded  his 
father  at  Lancaster,  in  1798.  He  composed 
hymns,  chants,  songs,  pf.  concertos,  and 
organ  music. 

Lara,  Adelina  de,  born  Preston,  pianist, 
born  at  Carlisle,  January  23,  1872.  Her 
parents  were  musical,  and  were  her  first 
instructors.  She  played,  as  a  juvenile  prodigy, 
at  Liverpool,  Newcastlc-on-Tyne,  and  other 
places  ;  and  was  afterwards  placed  under  the 
care  of  Miss  Fanny  Davies,  who  secured  her 
the  notice  of  Madame  Schumann.  She  studied 
with  that  lady  at  Frankfort,  1885-90,  and 
made  her  debut  at  the  Saturday  Popular  Con- 


Agnes 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


239 


LARGE. 

certs,  March  21,  1891,  with  success.  She 
appeared  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  April  25,  of  the 
same  year,  taking  the  solo  part  in  Rubinstein's 
Concerto  in  D  minor ;  and  has  since  been 
heard  at  concerts  in  Birmingham,  and  other 
places.  At  the  Queen's  Hall,  in  1895,  she 
gave  a  series  of  concerts  of  Early,  Mediaeval, 
and  Modern  Miisic. 

Large,  Eliza,  Rebecca,  Mrs.  Henry 
Chatfield,  vocalist,  was  born  in  1815.  She 
studied  under  Sir  G.  Smart,  and  Sir  Henry 
Bishop,  and  was  well  known  as  a  singer  at  the 
Ancient  and  other  London  concerts.  She 
died  at  Brixton,  London,  July  30,  1881. 

Larkcom,  Charlotte  Agnes,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  near  Reading.  Studied  at 
R.A.M.,  winning  the  Westmorland  Scholar- 
ship, 1874.  Awarded  First  Prize  for  sopranos 
at  the  National  Music  Meetings,  Crystal  Pal- 
ace, July  1,  1875  ;  and  sang  at  the  Saturday 
Concerts  there,  January,  1876.  Elected  an 
Associate,  R.A.M.,  she  was  afterwards  ap- 
pointed a  professor  of  singing.  Sang  at 
concerts  in  the  provinces  ;  toured  with  success 
in  Holland,  1886.  In  1888  she  married  Mr. 
Herbert  Jacobs,  barrister,  but  still  pursues 
her  professional  duties. 

Larkin,  Edmund,  organist,  born  in  1785. 
For  some  time  he  was  organist  of  Peterboroi;gh 
Cathedral ;  afterwards  he  was  organist  of  the 
Parish  Church  of  Stamford,  where  he  died, 
December  9,  1838. 

Larrington,  Rev.  George,  author  of 
"  The  Influence  of  Church  IMusic.  Sermon 
preach'd  in  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Worces- 
ter," London,  1726. 

Lates,  Charles,  composer,  who  flourished 
about  the  end  of  the  18th  century.  He 
studied  under  P.  Hayes  ;  and  was  a  candidate 
for  an  organist's  appointment  at  Whitchurch 
in  1805.  Composed  sonatas,  songs,  etc.  His 
father,  John  James,  was  a  violinist  of  some 
local  fame  in  Oxford,  where  he  was  a  teacher. 
He  wrote  chamber  music.     He  died  in  1777. 

Latham,  Morton,  writer  on  nnisic,  and 
composer.  Educated  at  Cambridge  University, 
graduating  B.A.,  1865  ;  M.A.,  and  Mas.  Bac, 
1882.  Has  lectured  before  the  College  of 
Organists,  1884-7,  on  Common  Principles  of 
Art ;  The  effect  of  the  Renaissance  on  Musical 
Art,  etc.  He  has  published  a  Te  Deum,  and 
a  number  of  songs. 

Latrobe,  Rev.  Christian  Ignatius, 
writer  and  composer,  born  at  Fulneck,  near 
Leeds,  February  12,  1758.  He  was  educated 
at  Niesky,  and  Barby,  in  Prussia.  Secretary 
to  the  United  (Moravian)  Brethren  in  England. 
He  died  at  Fairfield,  near  Liverpool,  May  6, 
1836. 

Works. — Original  Anthems,  with  organ  or 
pf.  accompaniment,  2  vols.,  n.d.  Jubilee  An- 
them for  George  III.,  October  25,  1809. 
"  Dies   Irae,"   for  4   voices,   1799.      Hymns. 


LEVALLEE. 

Selection  of  Sacred  Music  froin  the  works  of 
Eminent  Composers  of  Germany  and  Italy, 
6  vols.,  1806-1825.  Three  sonatas  for  pf., 
op.  3  (dedicated  to  Mr.  Haydn).  Instrumental 
and  miscellaneous  music.  Hvmn  Tunes  of 
the  United  Brethren  [1814] . 

Latrobe,  John  Antes,  M.A,,  writer 
and  organist,  son  of  the  above,  born  1799. 
Vicar  of  St.  Thomas's  Kendal.  He  died  at 
Gloucester,  November  19,  1878. 

Works. — Music  of  the  Church  considered 
in  its  various  branches.  Congregational  and 
Choral,  London,  1831.  Instructions  of  Chen- 
aniah  :  plain  directions  for  accompanying  the 
chant  or  the  psalm  tune,  London,  1832. 

His  brother,  the  Rev.  Peter  Latrobe  (born 
London,  February  15,  1795  ;  died  at  Berthel- 
dorf,  near  Herrnhut,  Germany,  September  24, 
1863),  composed  some  hymn  tunes  and  chants, 
and  wrote  an  introduction  to  C.  I.  Latrobe's 
Hymns. 

Latter,  Richard,  bass  vocalist,  born  at 
Bromley,  Kent,  July  22,  1823.  Received  his 
first  instruction  from  his  brother  William,  and 
entered  the  R.A.M.,  in  1841,  intending  to 
become  a  pianist ;  but  his  voice  developing 
power,  he  took  to  singing,  studying  under 
Crivelli.  A.R.A.M.,  1849.  He  sang  at  various 
concerts  in  London  and  the  provinces,  and 
made  his  stage  debut  at  the  Princess's  Theatre, 
as  Malatesta  in  "Don  Pasquale."  He  also 
played  in  opera  at  Bath,  Birmingham,  Man- 
chester, and  other  places  up  to  1851,  when  he 
settled  in  Aberdeen  as  teacher,  remaining 
there  till  1871.  He  is  now  a  professor  of 
singing  at  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music,  and 
F.R.A.M. 

William  L.^tter,  his  elder  brother,  a  pian- 
ist, entered  the  R.A.M.,  in  1831.  His  life 
was  spent  chiefly  in  teaching,  and  he  died  at 
Lee,  Kent,  November  15,  1884,  in  his  69th 
year.     He  was  also  a  Fellow  of  the  R.A.M. 

Lauder,  W.  Waugh,  pianist,  born  in 
Canada.  Studied  at  Leipzig,  and  was  also  a 
pupil  of  Liszt.  Toured  in  Europe,  and  about 
1885  settled  in  London,  Ontario.  In  Canada 
and  the  United  States  he  has  a  great  reputa- 
tion as  an  executant. 

Laval  lee,  Calixa,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  Verch^res,  Canada,  in  1842.  Studied 
in  Paris  under  IMarmontel,  and  .\drian  Boiel- 
dieu  the  3-ounger.  Settled  in  Boston,  Mass., 
where  he  was  a  professor  at  the  Petersilea 
Academy  of  Music.  He  was  a  foremost  worker 
for  the  Music  Teachers'  National  Association, 
U.S.A. ;  and  as  a  delegate  therefrom  attended 
the  Conference  of  what  is  now  the  Incorporated 
Society  of  Musicians,  held  in  London,  Jan- 
uary, 1888.  He  died  at  Boston,  in  January, 
1891.  He  wrote  a  cantata  for  the  reception 
of  the  Princess  Louise  at  Quebec,  in  1878 ; 
several  operas ;  an  oratorio ;  songs,  etc. ;  also 
a  symphony ;  string  quartets,  pf .  pieces,  etc. 


240 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LAVENU. 

Lavenu,  Louis  Henry,  composer  and 
violoncellist,  was  born  at  London,  in  1818. 
He  studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  under  Potter  and 
Bochsa.  'Cellistat  the  opera,  London.  Music- 
seller  in  partnership  with  N.  Mori.  Music 
director  of  Sydney  Theatre.  He  died  at  Sydney, 
August  1,  1859. 

WoKKS. — Loretta,  a  tale  of  Seville  (Bunn), 
opera,  November  9,  1846.  Songs  :  Cottage 
rose ;  Deserted ;  Harvest  queen  ;  Memory's 
dream.  Come,  wander  with  me,  duet.  Pf. 
music,  etc. 

Lavington,  Charles  Williams,  organist, 
born  at  Wells,  Somerset,  February,  1819. 
Chorister,  Wells  Cathedral,  and  studied  under 
Perkins,  the  Cathedral  organist,  and  later  with 
James  Turle  at  Westminster  Abbey.  Return- 
ing to  Wells,  he  became  assistant  organist  at 
the  Cathedral ;  in  1842  was  appointed  acting 
organist ;  and  on  the  death  of  Perkins  was 
made  organist  and  master  of  the  choristers, 
and  organist  of  the  Theological  College.  At 
a  special  service  in  Wells  Cathedral,  August 
4,  1892,  the  Choirs  of  Bristol  and  Exeter 
Cathedrals  assisted  ;  indirectly  marking  Lav- 
ington's  Jubilee.  He  died  at  Wells,  October 
27,  1895,  and  with  him  almost  the  last  of  the 
old  school  of  organ  playing,  and  accompanying. 

Lawes,  Henry,  composer,  born  at  Diuton, 
near  Salisbury,  Wiltshire,  December,  1595. 
Son  of  Thomas  Lawes,  died  1C40,  Vicar-choral. 
He  studied  under  John  Cooper  (Coperario). 
Epistler  and  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal, 
1625.  Clerk  do.  Member  of  private  band  of 
Charles  I.  Music  master  in  family  of  the 
Earl  of  Bridgewater.  Stripped  of  appoint- 
ments during  the  Protectorate,  but  reinstated 
at  the  Restoration,  in  1660.  He  died  at  Lon- 
don, October  21,  1662,  and  is  buried  in  the 
cloisters  of  Westminster  Abbey. 

Works. — The  Trimnphs  of  Peace,  masque 
(with  W.  Lawes  and  S.  Ives),  16.3.3.  Ccelum 
Britannicuni,  masque  (Carew),  1633.  Comus, 
masque  (Milton),  1634.  A  Paraphrase  upon 
the  Psalmes  of  David,  set  to  New  Tunes  for 
Private  Devotion,  and  a  thorow  base,  for 
voice  or  instrument,  1637  (Sandys'  version). 
Choice  Psalmes  put  into  ]\Iusick  for  Three 
Voyces,  1648.  Ayres  and  Dialogues  for  one, 
two,  and  three  voices,  1653 ;  Do.,  2nd  book, 
1655 ;  Do.,  3rd  book,  1658.  INIusic  to  poetry 
by  W.  Cartwright,  Herrick,  Davenant,  Milton, 
Waller,  etc.  Songs  in  Contemporary  Collec- 
tions, as  The  Treasury  of  Musick,  1669 ;  An- 
thems in  Clifford's  and  other  collections ; 
Music  in  Select  Ayres  and  Dialogues. 

Lawes,  William,  composer,  brother  of 
above,  born  at  Salisbury,  1582.  He  studied 
under  Coperario.  Member  of  Chichester  Cathe- 
dral choir  till  1602.  Gentleman  of  Chapel 
Royal,  1602.  Musician  in  ordinary  to  Charles 
I.  Killed  at  siege  of  Chester,  during  the 
Civil  War,  1645. 


LAWRENCE. 

Works. — Music  to  Shirley's  "Peace."  The 
Royal  Consort  for  Viols.  Songs  in  various 
collections,  etc.  Fantasias  for  various  in- 
struments, etc. 

Lawler,  Thomas,  bass  vocalist,  born  in 
1818.  Studied  under  Bianchi  Taylor.  Estab- 
lished the  City  Glee  Club  in  1853 ;  and  on  his 
retirement  in  1886,  was  presented  with  a 
testimonial.  He  was  for  many  years  a  Gentle- 
man of  the  Chapel  Royal,  resigning  on  a 
pension  early  in  1887.  He  sang  in  oratorio 
in  London  and  the  provinces,  and  appeared 
on  the  stage ;  but  it  was  in  glee-singing,  and 
in  old  English  songs  that  he  was  most  cele- 
brated.    He  died  in  Londoli,  May  16,  1893. 

Lawrance,  Edward,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Weymouth,  1836.  Studied  in 
that  town  under  Ricardo  Linter,  and  1856-8, 
at  Leipzig  Conservatorium,  under  Moscheles, 
Plaidy,  E.  F.  Richter,  Hauptmann,  and  others. 
In  1859  he  was  appointed  organist  of  Sid- 
mouth  Parish  Church,  and  a  year  later  to 
St.  David's,  Merthyr  Tydfil.  This  appoint- 
ment he  held  until  the  beginning  of  1891, 
when  he  resigned  in  consequence  of  the  in- 
troduction of  ritualism  he  could  not  con- 
scientiously assist  in.  Since  1893  he  has  been 
organist  at  Christ  Church,  Merthyr  Tydfil. 
He  is  conductor  of  the  Merthyr  Musical  Union. 
His  compositions  comprise  an  opera,  "  Con- 
radine  "  ;  a  cantata,  "  The  Siege  of  Harlech  " 
(which  gained  the  prize  at  the  National 
Eisteddfod,  Swansea,  1863)  ;  anthems,  ser- 
vices, chants,  hymn-tunes,  songs,  etc.  Also  a 
Trio  for  pf.  and  strings;  pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

Lawrence,  Charles,  organist  and  com- 
poser, graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1875. 
He  has  held  organ  appointments  at  Bearwood, 
Wokingham,  1870 ;  St.  John's,  East  Dulwich, 
1873  ;  Christ  Church,  Eastbourne,  1883  ; 
St.  Alban's,  Streatham  Park,  1884;  St. 
Stephen's,  South  Dulwich,  1894.  Conductor 
of  Choral  Society,  East  Dulwich  (1883).  His 
compositions  comprise  Psalm  118,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra  ;  Quartet  in  A ;  Trio  in 
C  minor,  for  pf .  and  strings,  perf<.  rmed  by  the 
Musical  Artists'  Society.  Pf.  duets.  Three 
Scotch  songs  ;  part-songs,  etc. 

Lawrence,  Emily  M.,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Rugby,  in  1854.  Studied  under 
her  mother,  and  afterwards  in  London  under 
Sterndale  Bennett,  Manuel  Garcia,  and  Dr. 
Steggall.  She  subsequently  entered  the  R.A.M. 
remaining  there  three  years.  Madanae  Law- 
rence is  the  conductor  of  a  Ladies'  Choral 
Society  at  Rugby,  and  a  Society  at  Wembley, 
near  Harrow,  and  has  given  performances  in 
both  places,  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  elsewhere. 
She  has  been  organist  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Wemblej-,  since  1889.  Her  compositions 
comprise  two  cantatas  for  ladies'  voices : 
Bonny  Kilmenj',  Kensington,  1890  ;  and  The 
Ten  Virgins,  Wembley,  1893 ;  a  Sonata  in  P 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


241 


LAWRIE. 

sharp  minor,  violin  and  pf.,  produced  by  the 
Musical  Artists'  Society,  July,  1882 ;  an  Album 
of  pf.  pieces  ;  Romance,  op.  16,  etc.  The  Book 
of  Songs  for  Girls  and  Boys ;  A  number  of  songs ; 
Part-songs;  Duets,  and  some  anthems. 

Her  mother,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  S.  Laweence, 
was  organist  of  Rugby  Parish  Church,  1842-77. 
She  compiled  a  book  of  psalmody,  and  com- 
posed some  hymn  tunes  and  chants. 

Lawrie,  Alexander,  composer  and  pian- 
ist, was  born  at  Edinburgh,  June  26,  1818. 
Organist  of  S.  James'  Episcopal  Chapel,  Edin- 
burgh, and  in  the  Rev.  John  Kirk's  Church 
in  the  same  city.  He  died  at  Edinburgh, 
December  9,  1880.  A  blind  musician  of  great 
local  fame.  He  arranged  some  music  for  the 
pf.,  and  composed  some  hymns  and  songs. 
He  also  wrote  accompaniments  for  a  few  of 
the  songs  in  Wood's  "  Songs  of  Scotland." 

Lawson,  Malcolm  Leonard,  composer 
and  condv;ctor,  born  at  Wellington,  Shropshire, 
in  1849.  Studied  under  various  masters  in 
London,  and  in  France,  Italy,  and  Germany. 
Was  organist  and  choirmaster  of  the  Catholic 
.^ostolic  Church,  London,  1876  ;  Conductor 
of  the  Gluck  Society,  1877  ;  of  the  St.  CeciUa 
Society ;  and  for  some  time,  from  1878, 
director  of  the  musical  branch  of  the  Kyrle 
Society.  Under  his  direction,  important 
works  by  Gluck,  Pergolesi,  Leo,  Purcell,  and 
others,  have  been  revived. 

Works. — Festival  Services,  op.  1,  in  F ; 
Op.  2,  in  D  ;  Op.  16 ;  all  composed  for  the 
Catholic  Apostolic  Church.  Six  anthems, 
op.  24,  for  4  voices.  Music  to  the  play, 
Olivia,  London,  1877 ;  Opera,  The  Three 
Princesses  ;  Airs  and  interludes  to  the  play, 
England,  London,  1876.  Six  part-songs, 
op.  3  ;  Three  songs,  op.  4 ;  Seventeen  People's 
songs,  op.  8  ;  Twelve  love  songs,  op.  14  ;  Six 
Motets  for  ladies'  voices,  written  for  the  St. 
Cecilia  Society,  op.  18 ;  Twelve  Scotch  songs, 
words  by  Burns,  etc.,  op.  20;  Six  songs,  words 
by  the  old  dramatists,  op.  21 ;  Three  songs, 
with  violin  obligato,  op.  22  ;  Cupid's  Curse, 
duet ;  Last  words,  song,  etc.  Symphonies  in 
D,  Pan,  op.  12;  in  G  minor,  Mahomet,  op.  19; 
Overture,  Savonarola,  op.  23 ;  Andante, 
Scherzo,  and  Minuet,  op.  6,  pf.,  etc. 

Lawson,  R.  E.,  musical  director.  Theatre 
Royal,  Manchester  (1888),  is  the  composer  of 
the  music  to  a  comedy,  "  Silver  Fortune,"  pro- 
duced at  Ramsgate,  1888  ;  also  of  pantomime 
music  for  the  Theatre  Royal,  Manchester. 

Lazarus,  Henry,  clarinet  player,  born  in 
London,  January  1,  1815.  Studied  under 
Charles  Godfrey,  sen.,  and  made  his  dibut  as 
a  solo  player  at  Madame  Dulcken's  concert, 
Hanover  Square  Rooms,  ]\Iay  2,  1838.  In 
that  year  he  was  appointed  second  to  Willman 
at  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Concerts ;  and  on 
the  death  of  Willman,  in  1840,  succeeded  him 
as  principal  clarinet  at  the  opera,  and  chief 


LEE. 

concerts  and  festivals.  At  the  Birmingham 
Festivals,  he  was  engaged  from  1840  to  1885  ; 
and  played  for  the  last  time  at  a  Festival  at 
Gloucester,  1886.  He  was  the  last  surviving 
member  of  the  late  Duke  of  Devonshire's 
private  band.  For  many  years,  from  1854,  a 
professor  at  R.A.M.,  he  was  made  an  Hon. 
Member  of  that  Institution  ;  and  was,  from 
1858,  professor  at  Kneller  Hall.  He  retired 
from  the  concert  platform  in  1891 ;  was  given 
a  testimonial  concert  at  St.  James's  Hall, 
May  31,  1892  ;  and  on  March  6,  1895,  he  died 
in  London.  He  wrote  fantasias  and  other 
pieces  for  his  instrument,  but  will  be  longer 
remembered  as  the  greatest  player  of  his  day. 

Leach,  James,  composer,  was  born  at 
Wardle,  near  Rochdale,  in  1762.  He  received 
no  musical  instruction,  and  was  employed  as 
a  hand-loom  weaver  in  Rochdale.  Member 
of  the  King's  band,  and  tenor  vocalist  in 
London.  Tenor  singer  and  teacher  in  Roch- 
dale, 1789,  and  latterly  in  Salford,  1796.  He 
died  from  the  effects  of  injuries  received  in  a 
coach  accident,  Blackley,  near  Manchester, 
February  8,  1798,  and  is  buried  in  Rochdale. 

Works. — New  Sett  of  Hymn  and  Psalm 
Tunes,  adapted  for  the  use  of  churches,  chapels, 
and  Sunday  schools  . . .  London,  1789  ;  Second 
Sett  of  Hymn  and  Psalm  Tunes,  London 
[1797] ;  Collection  of  Hymn  Tunes  and  An- 
thems, composed  and  adapted  for  a  full  choir, 
London  [1798] ;  Anthems,  etc. ;  Psalmody,  by 
James  Leach  .  .  .  Harmonised  in  compressed 
score  by  John  Butterworth,  with  a  sketch  of 
the  composer's  life  and  work  by  Thomas  New- 
bigging,  London  [1884] . 

Leaver,  William  John,  organist  and 
composer  of  present  time.  Studied  at  R.A.M. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1884,  Cambridge. 
Organist  and  choirmaster,  St.  John's,  Black- 
heath,  and  conductor  of  a  choral  society  there. 
Has  composed  a  setting  of  Ps.  146,  for  soli, 
chorus  and  orchestra ;  and  published  anthems, 
songs,  part-songs,  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Leburn,  Alexander,  violinist,  who  was 
born  at  Auchtermuchty,  Fife,  in  1767,  and 
was  a  teacher  of  music  there.  He  was  a  self- 
taught  mathematician.  He  died  at  Auchter- 
muchty, in  March,  18-36.  He  published  "A 
Collection  of  New  Strathspey  Reels,  etc.,  with 
a  bass  for  the  violoncello,  or  harpsichord," 
Edinburgh,  1793. 

Lee,  David,  organist.  He  held  the  appoint- 
ment of  City  organist,  INIelbourne,  Australia, 
for  a  number  of  years ;  also  conductor  of 
INIelbourne  Philharmonic  Society,  which  has 
produced  Handel's  oratorios,  among  them 
"  Jephtha "  in  1884,  for  the  first  time  in 
Australia.  In  1887  he  visited  England,  and 
played  at  the  Crystal  and  Alexandra  Palaces, 
also  in  the  provinces.  He  was  made  an  hon- 
orary member  of  the  CoUege  of  Organists 
that  year. 


242 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


LEE. 

Lee,  Ernest  Markham,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Cambridge,  June,  1874. 
Entered  the  choir  of  Clare  College  at  the  age 
of  nine,  receiving  instruction  from  W.  C. 
Dewberry,  the  college  organist.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac.  and  B.A.,  Cambridge,  1894,  and 
became  F.R.C.O.  the  same  year.  In  1890, 
was  appointed  organist  of  St.  Matthew's, 
Cambridge  ;  in  18'J4,  organist  of  Emmanviel 
College,  holding,  1896,  likewise  a  similar  post 
at  All  Saints',  Woodford  Green.  Began  com- 
position when  fourteen,  his  first  publication 
being  a  carol.  Musical  Herald  Pri;ie.  His 
compositions  comprise,  Psalm  98,  for  soprano 
solo,  chorus,  strings,  and  organ  ;  Cantatas  : 
A  stormy  night  at  sea  (produced,  1893)  ; 
"  Jael,"  an  ode  in  honour  of  the  birth  of 
Prince  Edward  of  York  (published  1896).  A 
Comedy  Opera,  "  Alicia  "  ;  Songs,  part-songs, 
etc. 

Lee,  Q.,  author  of  "  The  Voice,  its  artistic 
pi'oduction,  development  and  preservation," 
1870,  2  editions. 

Lee,  George  Alexander,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  at  London,  180'2.  Tenor 
singer  in  theatre  at  Dublin,  1825  ;  Haymarket 
Theatre,  London,  1826.  Music-seller  in  Lon- 
don for  a  time.  Opened  Tottenham  Street 
Theatre  for  English  opera  (with  Chapman  and 
Melrose).  Lessee  of  Drury  Lane  Theatre, 
1830.  Manager  of  Lenten  oi-atorios  at  Covent 
Garden  and  Drury  Lane,  1831.  IMarried  Mrs. 
Waylett,  the  singer.  Conductor  of  Strand 
Theatre,  1832;  Olympic  Theatre,  1845.  He 
died  at  London,  October  8,  1851. 

WoKKS. — Music  to  Dravias :  Invincibles, 
1828 ;  Sublime  and  beautiful ;  Nymph  of  the 
grotto,  1829;  Witness,  1829;  Legion  of 
honour,  1831 ;  Love  in  a  cottage ;  Auld  Robin 
Gray ;  Fairy  lake,  and  other  operettas  and 
musical  di-amas.  Beauties  of  Byron,  8  songs  ; 
Loves  of  the  butterflies  (T.  H.  Bayly),  8  songs. 
Songs  and  Ballads  :  Away,  away,  to  the  moun- 
tain's brow  ;  Annie  Bell ;  Believe  me  not  false  ; 
Bells  upon  the  wind ;  Bells  at  sunset ;  Come, 
dwell  with  me ;  Come,  merry  fays ;  Cora  ; 
Come  Flower  of  Lammermoor ;  Fairest  flower ; 
Fairyland;  Garden  of  Roses;  Gipsy's  wild 
chant ;  Ciondolier's  lay ;  Good  night,  love  ; 
He  comes  not ;  I'll  not  beguile  thee ;  I  sigh 
for  the  woods ;  I'll  be  a  fairy ;  I  love  all  that 
thou  lovest ;  Kate  Kearney ;  Lad  who  wears 
the  pladdy ;  Macgregor's  gathering ;  Maid  of 
Kildare  ;  ^ly  native  bells  ;  Mermaid's  invita- 
tion ;  Meet  me  in  the  willow  glen  ;  My  cottage 
and  my  mill ;  Old  Irish  Gentleman ;  Rover's 
bride  ;  Rose  of  Killarney  ;  Sweetly  sound  the 
Village  bells ;  She  walks  in  beauty  ;  Thou  art 
not  false  but  fickle ;  The  wild  white  rose  ;  'Tis 
love's  hallowed  hour ;  When  the  moon  is 
brightly  beaming ;  Why  should  we  sigh  ;  Wild 
mandoline.  A  Vocal  Tutor.  Duets  and  part- 
songs,  etc. 


LEEVES. 

His  brother,  David,  who  died  at  London, 
in  November,  1849,  was  a  x^ianist  and  had 
studied  under  Dussek. 

Lee,  J.,  author  of  "  Musical  Education, 
a  treatise  on  melody  and  harmony  in  conjunc- 
tion with  pianofoi-te  playing  and  singing.." 
1850. 

Lee,  J.  H.,  musician,  published  "  Sight- 
singing  made  easy,  a  progressive  manual," 
London  [1889] . 

Lee,  J.  S.,  composer  and  bandmaster, 
was  born  on  February  14,  1831 .  He  was  one 
of  the  oldest  military  bandmasters  in  the 
British  army,  and  for  many  years  held  the 
post  of  bandmaster  of  the  20th  Hussars.  He 
composed  church  music  for  military  choirs  ; 
a  fantasia  for  the  cornet ;  Dance  music  for 
military  bands;  Gavottes,  marches,  and  songs. 

Leechman,  John,  musician,  edited  "The 
Choral  Book  :  a  selection  of  sacred  music," 
London  [1855]. 

Lees,  John,  musician  of  early  part  of 
present  century,  compiled  "The  Hymn  Tunes 
of  the  Church  of  the  Brethren,  .arranged  for 
four  voices,  in  score,"  London,  1824. 

Lees,  John  Kenyon,  composer,  teacher, 
and  conductor,  born  October  6,  1853.  He 
studied  under  his  father  and  T.  S.  Hill,  of 
Norwich.  He  has  held  various  organ  appoint- 
ments in  Edinburgh,  among  them  being  that 
of  St.  ]\Iatthew's  Church,  Morningside,  1885- 

1895.  In  1891  he  instituted  the  Morningside 
Choral  Scciety,  which  has  performed  a  num- 
ber of  important  works.  Composer  of  some 
dance  music,  and  editor  of  "  The  Songs  of 
Burns,  with  symphonies  and  accompaniments 
by  John  Kenyon  Lees,  and  introduction  and 
historical  notes  by  H.  C.  Shelley,"  Glasgow, 

1896.  "  The  Balmoral  Reel  Book,"  1894,  etc. 
He  is  also  musical  editor  of  a  collection  of 
100  Scotch  songs,  about  to  be  published. 

Leeson,  Joseph  Frederick,  composer 
and  organist,  was  born  at  Armagh  about  1806. 
He  was  an  organist  and  teacher  in  Arbroath, 
and  afterwards  in  Dunfermline,  where  he  died, 
on  January  1,  1862.  He  composed  a  number 
of  glees,  and  some  songs,  among  which  is 
"  Oh  sing  to  me  the  auld  Scotch  songs " 
[1856] ,  a  popular  but  somewhat  vulgar 
effusion. 

Leete,  Robert,  bass  singer  and  conductor, 
born  in  latter  part  of  last  century.  He  was  a 
celebrated  glee  singer,  and  succeeded  Sale  as 
Secretary  of  the  Catch  Club.  For  many 
years  he  acted  as  conductor  at  the  Glee  Club. 
He  died  on  December  25,  1835. 

Leeves,  Rev.  William,  clergyman  and 
composer,  born  on  June  11,  1748.  He  was 
Rector  of  Wrington,  Somerset,  from  1779. 
He  died  at  Wrington,  May  25,  1828.  Com- 
poser of  "  Auld  Robin  Gray,"  1770,  a  song 
known  throughout  the  world.  The  words  by 
Lady  Anne  Barnard  (1750-1825)  are  so  natural 


I^KITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


243 


LEFFLER. 

and  true  to  life  that  the  musical  aid  afforded 
by  Leeves'  setting  is  not,  as  some  suppose,  the 
chief  reason  for  its  popularity.  Leeves  wrote 
much  church  music,  now  completely  forgotten, 
among  it  being  "Six  Sacred  Songs.. with  a 
corrected  copy  in  its  original  simplicity  of  the 
well-known  ballad,  "  Auld  Robin  Gray," 
London,  1812.  See  "  In  ^Memoriam,  with  a 
few  notices  of  other  members  of  his  family, 
printed  for  private  circulation,"  1873,  ports. 

Leffler,  Adam,  bass  singer,  was  born  in 
1808.  He  was  a  chorister  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  and  sang  in  opera  and  at  concerts. 
He  died  in  London,  March  28,  1857. 

Legge,  Robin  Humphrey,  writer  on 
music,  and  composer,  born  near  Liverpool, 
June  28,  1862.  Of  a  Shropshire  family,  of 
Bishop's  Castle,  he  was  intended  for  the  Bar, 
and  entered  at  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge  ;  but 
giving  that  up  for  music,  he  went  to  Leipzig 
in  1885,  studying  at  the  Conservatorium,  and 
privately,  under  Gustav  Schreck,  Paul  Klen- 
gel,  Richard  Hofmann,  and  others,  and  later, 
at  Frankfort,  under  Anton  Urspruch.  Re- 
turning to  England  in  1890,  he  settled  in 
London,  and  devoted  himself  chiefly  to  musi- 
cal literature,  contributing  articles  to  various 
papers.  "An  appreciation  of  Smetana,"  which 
appeared  in  the  New  Quarterly  Musical  Re- 
view, seems  to  have  had  some  influence. 
While  in  Germany  he  wrote  a  great  deal  of 
music,  but  his  published  works  are  few : 
Two  books  of  carols  ;  A  set  of  five  part-songs 
(poems  by  Charles  Kingsley) ;  some  pieces  for 
violin  and  pf.,  etc.  His  most  important 
works  are :  Articles  in  the  Dictionary  of 
National  Biography  (from  Vol.  XXXV.,  G.  A. 
Macfarren) ;  Translation  of  Wallaschek's  "Die 
Musik  der  Naturvolker  (Primitive  ISIusic, 
Longmans,  1893) ;  Historv  of  the  Norwich 
Musical  Festivals,  1824-1893  (with  W.  L. 
Hansell),  London,  Jarrold,  1896. 

Lehmann,  Liza,  soprano  vocalist  and 
composer,  born  in  London.  Studied  singing 
with  her  mother  (a  daughter  of  Robert 
Chambers,  LL.D.),  and  afterwards  under 
Randegger ;  composition  with  Raunkilde 
(Rome),  Freudenbei-g  (Wiesbaden),  and  Ha- 
mish  ]\IacCunn.  Her  debut  as  a  vocalist  to-^k 
place  at  the  Monday  Popular  Concerts, 
November  23,  1885.  She  sang  at  the  Norwich 
Festival,  1887 ;  and  has  appeared  at  the 
principal  concerts  in  the  United  Kingdom, 
also  in  Germany.  A  feature  of  her  repertory 
was  the  inclusion  of  many  fine  old  and 
forgotten  songs,  to  which  her  artistic  singing 
gave  a  new  life.  She  was  also  an  interpreter 
of  her  own  compositions.  In  July,  1894,  she 
gave  a  farewell  concert,  retiring  from  the 
profession  of  vocalist  on  her  marriage  with 
Mr.  Herbert  Bedford  (q.v.).  Her  compositions 
include  Two  Albums  of  German  songs ;  Album 
of  English  songs ;    A  ^Musical  Duologue,  The 


LEMARE. 

Secrets  of  the  Heart  (MS.) ;  A  song  cycle  for 
four  voices.  In  a  Persian  Garden  (from 
Omar  Khayyam),  Popular  Concerts,  December 
14,  1896  ;  Songs,  Mirage  ;  Titania's  Cradle, 
etc.  Album  of  Ten  Sketches,  and  other 
pieces  for  pf.     Romance  for  violin,  etc. 

Leicester,  W.  Q.,  see  Gardiner, 
William. 

Leigh,  Arthur  George,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Ashton-in-]\Iakerfield,  Lan- 
cashire, August  22,  1846.  Studied  music, 
1860-6,  under  the  late  Thomas  Graham,  Wigan. 
In  1866  he  was  appointed  organist  and  choir- 
master of  the  Parish  Church,  Chorley,  which 
post  he  resigned  in  1868.  In  1877  he  accepted 
a  similar  position  at  St.  George's,  Chorley, 
which  he  held  until  1896.  He  was  elected  a 
Town  Councillor  when  Chorley  was  incorpo- 
rated ;  and  elected  Alderman,  and  Mayor  of 
Chorley  in  1887-8-9.  He  has  a  fine  library  of 
early  music  and  musical  literature,  valuable 
collections  from  which  have  been  exhibited 
in  London  (1892-4-5),  and  elsewhere.  His 
compositions  are  mainly  for  the  church,  and 
include  Ten  responses.  Thirty-three  chants, 
Thirty-three  hymn  tunes,  later,  merged  in  a 
work,  "  Sacred  Music,"  and  a  portion  con- 
tributed to  the  Church  of  England  Hymnal, 
the  Sacred  Melodist,  and  other  collections. 
The  Story  of  the  Cross.  Pf.  :  Violet,  Snow- 
drop, Fairies'  Revel,  and  other  pieces.  He 
has  also  edited  Stepping  Stones  to  the  Classics, 
12  numbers. 

Leighton,  Q.  A.,  musician  of  first  half 
of  the  present  century.  Author  of  "New  and 
Improved  Preceptor  for  the  Pianoforte," 
London  [1845]. 

Leighton,  Sir  William,  musician, 
gentleman  -  pensioner,  and  knight,  who 
flourished  during  the  16th  and  17th  centuries. 
He  published  "  The  Teares  or  Lamentations 
of  a  Sorrowful  Soule ;  composed  with  IMusicall 
Ayres  and  Songs  both  for  Voyces  and  Divers 
Instruments,"  1614.  [Psalms,  Hjnnns,  etc.]. 
Byrd,  Bull,  Dowland,  Ford,  O.  Gibbons,  Giles, 
Hooper,  Wilbye,  Weelkes,  and  Milton,  are 
among  the  contributors  to  this  now  extremely 
scarce  and  valuable  publication. 

Le  Jeune,  Arthur,  organist  and  pianist. 
W^ith  his  brother  Charles,  gave  organ  per- 
formances from  about  1866,  exciting  much 
attention  by  their  juvenile  talent.  Arthur 
Le  Jeune  is  resident  in  London  as  pianist  and 
composer.  He  has  published  a  number  of 
pieces  for  pf.  ;  Liebeslied,  for  violin  and  pf., 
etc. 

Leiy,  Durward,  see  Lyle,  James. 

Lemare,  Edwin  H.,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Ventnor,  Isle-of- Wight,  Sep- 
tember 9,  1865.  He  was  elected  Sir  John 
Goss  Scholar,  R.A.M.,  in  1878;  and  on  the 
completion  of  his  studies  made  an  Associate, 
and  later,  a  Fellow.     F.R.G.O.,  1884.     Organ- 


244 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LEMABE. 

ist  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist's,  Brownswood 
Park  ;  St.  Andrew's,  Cardiff  ;  Parish  Church, 
Sheffield,  1886  ;  Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Square, 
Pinilico ;  and  now  of  St.  JIargaret's,  West- 
minster. He  has  given  organ  recitals  at  the 
Bow  and  Bromley  Institute,  1886;  St.  George's 
Hall,  Liverpool,  etc.,  and  ranks  among  the 
most  brilliant  of  the  younger  organists  of  the 
day.  Editor  of  The  Recital  Series  of  original 
organ  compositions,  R.  Cocks,  to  which  he 
has  contributed  several  pieces. 

Lemare,  William,  organist,  conductor, 
and  composer,  born  at  Godalming,  Surrey,  in 
1839.  Studied  under  Dr.  Gauntlett.  Organ- 
ist successively  at  St.  Jude's,  East  London, 
1860;  St.  Andrew's,  Stockwell,  1865;  Brixton 
Parish  Church,  1872  ;  St.  Saviour's,  Herne- 
hill,  1876  ;  St.  Mary's,  Newington,  1880  ;  St. 
Mary's,  Longfieet,  1888 ;  St.  Nathanael, 
Westbourne,  1894.  In  1888  he  received  the 
degree  of  Mus.  Doc,  Cantuar.  For  a  number 
of  years  he  gave  important  concerts  at  Gresham 
Hall,  Brixton  ;  and  later,  was  conductor  of 
choral  societies  at  Bournemouth  and  locality, 
and  conductor  of  the  Bournemouth  Festivals. 
In  1896  he  was  appointed  conductor  of  the 
Nottingham  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  and  is 
now  resident  in  that  town.  He  has  composed 
two  operettas  :  "ACahn  Sea,"  Brixton,  1882; 
and  "Pride  and  Policy,"  Poole,  1889.  His 
compositions  also  include  church  services, 
anthems,  songs,  etc. 

Lemmens=Sherrington,  see  Sherring- 
ton .  I 

Lemmone,  John,  flutist  and  composer, 
born  at  Ballarat,  Victoria,  Australia,  June  22, 
1862.  His  father  is  an  Ionian,  born  a  British 
subject,  and  his  mother  is  English.  He  had 
to  depend  much  upon  his  own  efforts  in  the 
way  of  musical  education  ;  but  learnt  much 
from  artists  visiting  the  country.  He  has 
toured  through  Australia,  New  Zealand,  India, 
China,  and  Japan.  Was  associated  with 
Madame  Amy  Sherwin,  1889 ;  with  Madame 
Patey,  1891,  on  their  tours  almost  round  the 
world.  He  visited  London  in  1894,  and  made 
a  successful  dibut  at  the  Erard  Rooms,  Octo- 
ber 2.5.  Since  then  he  has  been  heard  in  the 
principal  concerts  in  London  and  the  provin- 
ces ;  has  toured  with  Madame  Patti,  etc.,  and 
established  himself  as  an  artist  of  the  first 
rank.  In  March,  1897,  he  returned  to 
Australia.  He  has  composed  many  romances, 
fantasias,  etc.,  for  his  instrument,  and  has 
some  reputation  as  a  violoncellist. 

Lemon,  John,  amateur  composer,  born 
at  Truro  in  1754.  He  entered  the  army  and 
became  a  lieutenant-colonel,  and  also  entered 
Parliament  as  member  for  Cornish  constituen- 
cies. He  died  at  Polvellen,  near  Looe,  April 
5,  1814.  Composer  of  chants  and  other  sacred 
music. 

Leng,    Robert,  musician  of  first  half  of 


LESLIE. 

present  century,  who  lived  at  INIalton  in  York- 
shire, issued  "Original  Sacred  Melodies,  con- 
taining several  psalm  tunes  of  various  metres, 
together  with  an  anthem  and  Hallelujah 
chorus  set  to  the  words  '  Behold  what  manner 
of  Love,  etc.,'  .  .  .  The  whole  is  arranged  for 
four  voices  .  .  .  The  composer  who  labours 
under  a  great  deprivation,  namely,  the  loss 
of  sight,  is  self-taught,"  Leeds,  etc,  4  parts, 
1847-49.     Title-pages  vary. 

Lenton,  John,  composer,  who  flourished 
in  the  latter  half  of  the  18th  century.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  private  bands  of  William 
and  ]Mary,  and  Queen  Anne.  He  died  in 
1719. 

Works. — The  Gentleman's  Diversion,  or 
the  Violin  explained,  1693 ;  A  Consort  of 
Musick,  in  three  parts,  1694.  Music  for  Venice 
preserved,  1685 ;  The  Ambitious  Stepmother, 
1700 ;  Tamburlain,  1702  ;  The  fair  Penitent, 
1703,  etc.     Songs  in  contemporary  collections. 

Leo,  Rosa,  vocalist,  mezzo-soprano,  born 
in  London,  of  English  parents  ;  studied  sing- 
ing at  the  Loudon  Academy  of  Music,  and 
elocution  under  the  late  ]SIrs.  Stirling.  While 
yet  a  student,  was  engaged  by  Mrs.  German 
Reed  for  her  entertainment  at  St.  George's 
Hall.  Then  went  to  Florence,  and  studied 
for  some  time  under  Luigi  Vannuccini,  and 
on  her  return  was  engaged  to  create  the  title- 
role  in  Lecocq's  opera,  "  Manola,"  at  the 
Strand  Theatre,  1882.  She  made  her  debut 
in  concerts  at  the  Covent  Garden  Promenade 
Concerts,  and  appeared  at  the  Ballad  Concerts, 
in  1884.  Since  these  she  has  been  engaged 
for  man}'  concerts  in  London  and  the  pro- 
vinces, and  latterly  has  been  distinguished  for 
her  artistic  vocal  recitals,  making  a  speciality 
of  the  best  modern  songs  by  French  and 
English  composers,  and  being  supported  by 
instrumentalists  of  high  standing. 

Leonard,  William  A.,  author  of  "Music 
in  the  Western  Church,  a  lecture  on  psalmody 
.  .  .  London,  1872  :  "The  Christmas  Festival, 
with  a  selection  of  carols,"  London,  n.d. 

Leslie,  Fred,  professional  name  of  Fred- 
erick HoBSON,  baritone  singer  and  burlesque 
actor,  was  born  at  Woolwich,  April  1,  1855. 
Son  of  Charles  Hobson,  military  outfitter 
there.  He  was  originally  engaged  in  com- 
mercial pursuits  in  London,  but  frequently 
took  part  in  amateur  theatricals.  In  February, 
1878,  he  adopted  the  stage  as  a  profession,  and 
obtained  his  first  engagement  from  ]\Iiss  Kate 
Santley,  at  the  Royalty  Theatre,  London. 
He  afterwards  appeared  in  operatic  and  bur- 
lesque pieces  at  the  Alhambra,  Globe,  Comedy, 
and  Gaiety  Theatres  in  London.  In  1881,  he 
appeared  in  America,  and  in  1888  went  to 
Australia.  He  also  played  in  the  English 
provinces,  and  in  Scotland.  Among  the  pieces 
in  which  he  took  a  leading  part  may  be 
named : — Mefistofele   II.  ;    Rip   Van   Winkle 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


245 


LESLIE. 

(1882);  Madame  Favart  (1882);  Manteaux 
Noirs  (1882)  ;  Beggar  Student  (1884) ;  Little 
Jack  Sheppai-d  (1886-88) ;  Monte  Cristo  (1888) ; 
Miss  Esmeralda  (1888) ;  Ginder-EUen  (1891)  ; 
Ruy  Bias  (1891),  etc.  For  the  text  of  some 
of  these,  Leslie  was  responsible.  He  died  at 
London,  December  7,  1892. 

Besides  writing  some  dramatic  works  he 
wrote  a  few  songs  and  other  pieces.  See 
"  Reminiscences  of  Fred  Leslie,  by  W.  T. 
Vincent,"  London,  2  vols.,  1894. 

Leslie,  Henry  David,  conductor  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  June  18,  1822. 
Studied  under  Charles  Lucas,  from  1838,  and 
for  some  time  played  as  an  amateur  violon- 
cellist in  the  band  of  the  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society.  When  the  Amateur  Musical  Society 
was  formed,  in  1847,  he  was  appointed  Hon. 
Sec,  and  from  1855  to  1861,  when  the  Society 
was  dissolved,  he  was  its  conductor.  The 
famous  choir,  with  which  his  name  was  so 
intimately  associated,  originated  with  Joseph 
Heming,  who  for  many  years  acted  as  chorus- 
master.  The  first  concert  was  given  in  the 
Hanover  Square  Rooms,  May  22,  1856.  Mr. 
Leslie  continued  to  conduct  the  concerts  up 
to  July  12, 1880,  when  the  choir  was  disbanded. 
He  went  with  the  choir  to  Paris,  in  1878,  and 
gained  the  first  prize  in  the  International 
competition.  Tlie  choir  was  resuscitated  in 
1882,  with  Mr.  Randegger  as  conductor,  and 
Leslie  as  president.  The  latter  again  assumed 
the  direction  in  1885,  and  gave  concerts  to 
May,  1887.  In  1863  he  undertook  the  con- 
ductorship  of  the  Hereford  Philharmonic 
Society,  an  office  he  retained  until  1889.  He 
was  also  connected  with  the  short-li\ed  Nat- 
ional College  of  Music,  1864 ;  and  the  Guild 
of  Amateur  Musicians,  1874.  Retiring  to  an 
estate  which  he  possessed  at  Bryn  Tanat, 
near  Oswestry,  he  did  much  to  promote 
musical  culture  in  the  locality,  and  originated 
the  Oswestry  Festivals  in  1879.  He  died, 
February  4,  1896. 

Works.  —  Oratorios  :  Immanuel,  1853  ; 
Judith,  Birmingham  Festival,  1858.  Can- 
tatas :  Holyrood,  1860  ;  Daughter  of  the  Isles, 
1861;  Biblical  Pastoral,  The  First  Christian 
Morn,  -Brighton  Festival,  1880.  Festival 
anthem.  Let  God  arise,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  1849 ;  Morning  service  in  D,  etc. 
Operas  :  Romance,  or  Bold  Dick  Turpin,  1857 ; 
Ida,  1864.  How  sweet  the  moonlight  sleeps ; 
My  soul  to  God,  my  heart  to  thee ;  The 
Pilgrims,  and  other  pai't-songs.  Editor  of 
Choral  Music,  Novello  ;  Little  Songs  for  Little 
Folks,  Cassell.  Trio,  Memory.  My  darling. 
hush ! ;  Flower  girl ;  Mountain  Maid,  and 
other  songs.  Symphony  in  F,  London,  March 
24, 1848 ;  Symphony,  Chivalry,  Crystal  Palace, 
December  17,  1881 ;  Dramatic  overture,  The 
Templar,  1852.  Quintet,  pf.  and  wind ; 
pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 


LEVEY. 

Leslie,  James,  Scottish  musician,  was 
an  itinerating  teacher  of  psalmody  in  Moray- 
shire at  the  end  of  last  and  beginning  of  the 
present  century.  He  compiled  "  A  Collection 
of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  selected  from  the 
best  authors,  by  James  Leslie,  teacher  of 
church  music,  Fochabers,"  Elgin,  1810.  En- 
graved by  Johnson,  Edinburgh,  42  pp. 

Levenston,  P.  M.,  violinist,  and  musical 
director  at  the  Queen's  Theatre,  Dublin,  is  the 
composer  of  a  Burlesque  Opera,  "  Doctor 
Faust,"  ijroduced  at  that  theatre.  May,  1892. 

Leveridge,  Richard,  bass  vocalist  and 
composer,  was  born  in  1670.  He  sang  in 
opera  at  Drury  Lane  and  Queen's  Theatres, 
1705-12  ;  at  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  and  Covent 
Garden,  1713-30.  He  died  at  London,  March 
22,  1758. 

Works. — Music  for  the  Island  Princess,  or 
the  Generous  Portuguese,  1699 ;  Pyramus  and 
Thisbe,  1716  ;  Collection  of  Songs,  with  tlie 
music,  London,  1727,  2  vols.,  with  frontispiece 
engraved  by  Hogarth.  New  Book  of  Songs, 
engraven,  printed,  and  publislied  for  Richard 
Leveridge,  London,  n.d. 

Leveridge  is  known  only  as  a  song-writer, 
though  he  has  been  credited  with  the  com- 
position of  the  much-discussed  "  Macbeth  " 
music,  on  the  authority  of  a  notice  in  Rowe's 
edition  of  Shakespeare.  The  well-known 
songs  "  All  in  the  downs  "  and  the  "  Roast 
Beef  of  Old  England  "  very  fairly  illustrate 
the  style  of  his  works. 

Levesque,  P.,  musician,  was  organist  of 
St.  Andrew's,  Enfield.  Compiled  "  Sacred 
Harmony,  a  new  collection  of  psalmody  in 
three  parts. ."  London  [1810]. 

Levett,  English  writer  and  composer,  who 
flourished  in  London  during  the  latter  part  of 
the  18th  century.  He  wrote  "  Introductory 
Lessons  in  Singing,  particularly  on  psalmody, 
to  which  are  annexed  several  psalm  tunes," 
London,  n.d.  Hymns  for  Easter,  Christmas, 
etc. 

Levey,  William  Charles,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  in  Dublin,  April  25,  1837. 
Studied  under  his  father  (noticed  below),  and 
from  1852,  in  Paris,  under  Auber,  Thalberg, 
and  Prudent.  While  there  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Societe  des  Auteurs  et  Com- 
positeurs. On  his  return  to  London  he  held 
positions  as  conductor  at  Covent  Garden ; 
Drury  Lane,  1868-74  ;  and  again,  later  ;  Hay- 
market,  Princess's,  and  .\delphi,  etc.  He  died 
in  London,  August  18,  1894. 

Works. — Operas,  etc.  :  Fanchette,  Covent 
Garden,  January  4,  1864  ;  Claude  ;  Nazarille; 
Punchinello,  Her  Majesty's,  December  28, 
1864  ;  Fashion  ;  Wanted  a  Parlour  ISIaid  ; 
Music  to  Antony  aiid  Cleopatra ;  Amy  Rob- 
sart ;  Rebecca ;  King  o'  Scots  ;  Lady  of  the 
Lake  ;  Esmeralda ;  Jack  in  the  Box,  etc. 
Music   to   various    pantomimes.      Cantatas: 


24G 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LEVY. 

The  Man  of  War ;  Robin  Hood  (for  boys  voices); 
The  Ride  to  Ware  (humorous).  Many  songs: 
Esmeralda ;  Here  stands  a  post ;  Unfading 
beauty  ;  King  and  the  beggar  maid ;  Maritana, 
gay  Gitana  ;  Lullaby,  etc.  Pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 
Irish  overture  for  orchestra. 

His  father,  Richakd  Michael  Levey,  born 
in  Dublin,  October  2,  1811,  violinist,  was 
apprenticed  to  James  Barton,  leader  at  the 
Theatre  Royal,  Dublin,  in  182C.  In  1830  he 
succeeded  to  the  post,  and  was  afterwards 
musical  director.  On  his  fiftieth  anniversary 
of  office  he  received  a  handsome  testimonial. 
As  a  violinist  he  was  well  known  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  Handel  Festivals,  etc.  He  was 
also  professor  of  the  violin  at  the  Royal  Irish 
Academy  of  Music,  and  is  still  living.  The 
violinist  known  as  "  Paganini  Redivivus  "  is 
his  son,  Richard  M.  Levey.  He  first 
appeared  in  Paris,  in  1850,  and  was  for  some 
time  principal  violin  at  jMuzard's  Concerts  at 
the  Hotel  d'  Osmond.  Then  he  came  to 
London,  and  at  the  Royal  Polytechnic  Insti- 
tution, gave  a  weird  impersonation  entitled 
"Paganini's  Ghost."  Ho  has  given  recitals 
in  the  provinces  and  on  the  continent,  but  no 
particulars  are  available  concerning  his  bio- 
graphy. 

Levy,  Isaac,  cornet  player,  for  manj'  years 
a  favourite  at  the  Promenade  concerts  at 
Covent  Garden  and  elsewhere.  He  has  resided 
in  America  at  different  times,  but  reappeared 
at  the  Westminster  Aquarium  in  1887.  Later 
it  was  stated  that  he  had  been  naturalized  as 
a  citizen  of  the  United  States  of  America. 
He  is  author  of  a  Popular  Cornet  Tutor. 

Lewis,  Eric,  vocalist  and  composer  of 
present  time.  He  has  appeared  on  the  stage 
as  the  Duke  in  Osmond  Carr's  musical  farce, 
"In  Town,"  1892,  etc.  His  sketches,  "A 
Round  of  Visits,"  produced  at  Brighton 
Aquarium,  1882;  and  "A  Water  Pic-nic," 
German  Reed,  1884 ;  with  an  operetta,  are 
his  principal  works.  He  has  also  written  a 
glee,  etc. 

Lewis,  James  Henry,  organist  and  di- 
dactic writer,  born  at  Great  Malvern,  February 
23,  1856.  Chorister,  St.  Peter's,  Malvern; 
organist  at  St.  Cuthbert's  Episcopal  Church, 
Hawick,  N.B. ;  Parish  Church,  West  Hartle- 
pool ;  St.  Peter's,  Staines,  ]\Iiddlesex  ;  and  of 
Parish  Church,  Twickenham,  from  1889. 
Conductor  of  Hartlepool  Philharmonic ; 
Staines  Orchestral  Society.  Warden  of  the 
Church  Choir  Guild,  London,  the  proceedings 
of  which  lie  beyond  the  scope  of  this  work. 
He  is  author  of  Elements  of  Music  ;  Counter- 
point in  Catechetical  Form  ;  Double  Counterr 
point  and  Fugue,  all  published  by  Novello. 
He  has  published  some  Church  music,  etc. 

Lewis,  Thomas,  author  of  "  Organ  build- 
ing and  bell  founding,"  London,  1878. 

Lewis,  Thomas  C,  musician,  who  flour- 


LIDDLE. 

ished  about  1840-60.  He  edited  "Lewis* 
Times,"  a  periodical,  from  1852,  and  issued 
"  The  Cornopeanist,"  being  a  selection  of  airs 
.  .  .  London  [1854],  and  on  a  similar  plan,, 
works  entitled  "The  Flautist,"  and  "The 
Violinist." 

Lewys,  Dyved,  tenor  vocalist,  born,  March 
28,  1865,  at  Llanerwys,  Carmai'then,  of  musi- 
cal parentage.  His  talent  was  manifest  at  an 
early  age,  and  while  yet  a  boy  he  carried  o£E 
prizes  for  singing,  and  as  conductor,  at  local 
Eisteddfodau.  When  eighteen,  as  a  member 
of  the  Orpheus  CTlee  Club,  he  sang  before 
Adelina  Patti,  at  Craig-y-nos,  and,  upon  that 
distinguished  artists'  advice,  decided  upon 
adopting  the  profession  of  music,  and  entered 
the  R.A.]\I.  He  soon  became  one  of  the 
leading  Welsh  tenors,  and  besides  winning 
innumerable  prizes  at  Eisteddfodau,  sang  in 
many  important  concerts  in  London  and  the 
provinces.  He  conducted  the  Welsh  Festivals 
at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  on  several  occasions ; 
toured  in  the  U.S.A.,  in  1893,  appearing  at 
the  Chicago  Exhibition,  where  he  was  the 
recipient  of  many  tokens  of  success. 

Ley  bourne,  George,  comic  singer,  who 
was  well-known  in  London  and  provincial 
music-halls  as  a  delineator  of  the  heavy  swell 
variety  of  character.  He  called  himself  the 
"  Lion  Comique,"  and  introduced  or  sang 
such  songs  as  "Champagne  Charlie,"  "Up 
in  a  balloon,"  "  She  danced  like  a  fairy," 
and  "  Lancashire  Lass,"  etc.  He  died  in 
London,  September  15,  1884. 

Lichfield,  Henry,  composer  of  the  16th 
and  17th  centuries,  who  published  "  The 
First  Set  of  Madrigals  of  Five  Parts,  apt 
both  for  viols  and  voyces."  London,  1613. 

An  edition  of  his  madrigal,  "  All  ye  that 
sleepe  in  pleasure,"  was  issued  in  1893,  under 
the  care  of  W.  B.  Squire. 

Liddle,  John  Shepherd,  organist  and 
conductor.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1876,  Cam- 
bridge. Organist  successively  of  Clewer 
Parish  Church,  1872;  Halifax  Parish  Church, 
1883;  Newbury  Parish  Church,  1884,  to 
present  time.  Conductor  of  Newbury  Choral 
Society,  and  Orchestral  Union ;  Avon  Vale 
Musical  Society ;  English  Ladies'  Orchestral 
Society  ;  \Yallingford  Philharmonic.  In  1896 
he  succeeded  August  Manns,  as  conductor  of 
the  Handel  Society,  London.  He  has  given 
many  concerts,  but  hitherto  has  not  pub- 
lished any  compositions. 

John  S.  Liddle,  was  organist  at  Newcastle- 
on-Tyne,  first  at  St.  Andrew's,  for  8  years ; 
then  at  St.  Peter's,  for  9  years.  From  1863 
to  1884  he  was  organist  of  the  Parish  Church, 
St.  Neots,  Hunts,  where  he  died,  March  30, 
1884,  aged  60  years. 

Liddle,  Robert  William,  organist,  born 
at  Durham,  March  14,  1864.  Chorister  afc 
St.  Oswald's,  Durham  ;  then  at  the  Cathedral. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


247 


LIDDLE. 

Studied  under  Dr.  Amies.  Appointed  organ- 
ist of  St.  Baldred's,  North  Berwick,  December, 
1885 ;  and  organist  and  choirmaster,  South- 
well Minster,  1888.  He  has  composed  some 
church  music. 

Liddle,  William  Henry,  organist  and 
composer.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1891,  Dur- 
ham. Appointed  orgaiaist  to  the  Chapel 
Royal,  Windsor  Great  Park,  1876;  Parish 
Church,  Basingstoke,  1883.  Organist  to 
H.R.H.  Prince  Christian,  1875.  Conductor 
of  Basingstoke  Harmonic  Society.  His  com- 
positions include  Psalm  96,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra ;  a  cantata,  "  Horsa,"  produced, 
Basingstoke,  April  .30,  1889,  etc. 

Lidgey,  C.  A.,  pianist  and  composer  of 
present  time.  Has  given  concerts  in  London. 
His  works  include  a  setting  of  Bro^vning's 
"  Women  and  Roses,"  for  chorus  and  orches- 
tra, produced  at  the  Crvstal  Palace,  October 
31,  1891 ;  an  orchestral  ballade,  "  A  Day 
Dream,"  the  same,  October  15,  1892  ;  a  ntma- 
ber  of  songs  (from  Shelley,  Heine,  etc.) ;  and 
a  ballade,  op.  3,  for  two  pianofortes. 
.  Light,  Edward,  musician  of  end  of  last 
and  beginning  of  present  century.  Author  of 
"  The  Art  of  playing  the  Guitar,  to  which  is 
annexed  a  selection  of  the  most  familiar 
lessons,  divertissements,  songs,  airs,  etc ," 
1795.  "  Concise  Instructions  for  playing  on 
the  English  Lute,"  London.  "Introduction 
to  the  art  of  playing  on  the  Harp-lute,  and 
Apollo  Lyre."  "  A  First  Book,  or  master  and 
scholar's  assistant,  being  a  treatise  on . .  Music, 
London  [1785] .  Various  collections  of 
arrangements  for  guitar  ;  Songs,  etc. 

Lilley,  Q.  Herbert,  author  of  "The 
Theiapeatics  of  Music,"  London,  1880,  and 
composer  of  hymns,  etc. 

Lillycrop,  Rev.  Samuel,  musician  and 
writer,  was  originally  a  music  teacher  in  Exe- 
ter early  in  the  present  century,  but  afterwards 
became  a  Baptist  minister  at  Windsor,  where 
he  lived  from  about  1850  to  1870.  He  died  in 
1870,  and  is  buried  in  the  Spital  cemetery  at 
Windsor.  Author  of  "Theoretical  and  practi- 
cal Thorough-bass,  exemplified  in  a  plain  and 
easy  ma  ner,"  London,  n.d. 

Limpus,  Richard  D.,  organist  and  mu- 
sician, born  on  Septeml)er  10,  1824.  Son  of 
Richard  Limpus,  organist  of  Isleworth  Old 
Church,  who  died  on  November  1,  1868. 
Founded,  with  others,  the  College  of  Organists, 
1864.  Secretarv  to  College  of  Organists, 
1864-75.  Died  on  March  15,  1875.  Composer 
of  songs  and  pf.  music.  His  wife,  who  died, 
London,  January  29,  1889,  was  a  concert 
vocalist.  His  brother,  the  Rev.  F.  Hexry 
Limpus,  was  some  time  minor  canon  of  St. 
George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  and  composer  of 
an  oratorio,  "  The  Prodigal  Son,"  London, 
May  10.  1870;  Songs,  etc.     He  died  in  1893. 

Lincoln,  Henry  John,  lecturer  on  music, 


LINCOLN. 

critic,  pianist  and  organist,  born  in  London, 
October  15,  1814.  Son  of  the  organ-builder, 
H.  C.  Lincoln.  Began  his  musical  studies  at 
an  early  age  with  the  pianoforte,  and  was  an 
organ  pupil  of  Thomas  Adams,  for  whom  he 
frequently  acted  as  deputy  at  St.  Dunstan's, 
Fleet  Street.  He  was  appointed  to  Christ 
Church,  Woburn  Square,  and  in  18 17,  elected 
a  member  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians. 
He  did  not  retain  his  post  at  Christ  Church 
many  years,  owing  to  other  claims  upon  his 
I  time.  In  1846  he  became  associated  with  the 
Dally  News,  as  secretary  ;  and  on  the  retire- 
ment of  Mr.  George  Hogarth,  in  1866,  suc- 
ceeded to  the  position  of  musical  critic, 
retaining  this  office  until  1886.  The  last 
j  Festival  he  attended  was  that  held  in  Bir- 
!  mingham,  in  1882,  when  Gounod's  "  Redemp- 
tion "  was  produced.  He  began  his  career  as 
a  lecturer  at  Crosby  Hall,  in  1843,  where  he 
gave  an  annual  series  for  some  years.  He 
also  lectured  at  the  London  Institution  ;  the 
Philsophical  Institution,  Edinburgh;  Glas- 
gow; Manchester;  Liverpool,  etc.  His  sub- 
jects included  Bach,  Handel,  Haydn,  Mozart, 
Cherubini,  Cimarosa,  Rossini,  Spchr,  Weber, 
Mendelssohn ;  also  German  song ;  German 
and  French  opera  ;  the  Operatic  overture,  etc. 
Vocal  and  instrumental  illustrations  were 
given  by  the  Misses  Lincoln,  Miss  Orger,  and 
many  eminent  artists.  In  the  lecture  on 
Mendelssohn,  at  the  Western  I  .iterary  In- 
stitution, December  23,  1845,  his  Violin  Con- 
certo was  played,  for  the  first  time  in  England, 
by  Herr  Kreutzer  (a  relative  of  Rodolphe 
Kreutzer),  with  Mr.  Lincoln  at  the  pianoforte. 
For  the  last  few  years  he  has  lived  in  com- 
plete retirement.  He  edited  "The  Practical 
Organist "  (six  numbers  of  organ  music,  by 
Adolph  Hesse);  and  arranged  "The  Organ- 
ist's Anthology,"  a  series  of  movements  from 
classical  compositions,  in  twelve  numbers, 
publi-hed  in  1839.  He  also  contributed  a  few 
articles  to  Grove's  Dictionary  of  Music  and 
Musicians. 

His  eldest  sister,  M.\rianne  Lixcoln,  so- 
prano vocalist,  was  born  in  London,  in  1822. 
Her  early  progress  in  music  led  to  her  entering 
the  R.A.M.,  in  1840,  where  she  studied  under 
Crivelli,  Benedict,  and  G.  A.  Macfarren. 
Immediately  on  leaving  she  made  a  tour  in 
Germany,  and  sang  at  the  Leipzig  Gewand- 
haus,  December  12,  1844,  and  again  the 
following  month.  On  her  return  she  was 
made  an  Associate  of  the  R.A.M.  She  there 
continued  her  profession  until  her  marriage 
with  Mr.  Edmund  Harper  (q.v.),  when  she 
removed  to  Hillsborough  in  Ireland.  She 
took  the  leading  parts  in  the  private  operatic 
performances  organised  by  the  Duchess  of 
Downshire.  She  died  at  Sydenham,  October 
6,  1885.  Her  younger  sister  was  married  to 
Mr.  H.  C.  Lunn  (q.v.). 


248 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LIND. 

Lind,  Williain,  author  of  "A  popular 
account  of  Aucieut  Musical  Instruments," 
Loudon,  Clarke,  1897. 

Lindiey,  Robert,  violoncellist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Kotheram,  March  4,  1777.  He 
studied  the  violin  and  'cello,  and  became 
'cellist  at  Brighton  Theatre.  He  was  principal 
'cellist  at  the  Opera,  London,  1794-1851.  He 
played  at  all  the  principal  provincial  and 
other  festivals,  generally  in  company  with 
Dragonetti,  the  double-bass  player.  He  died 
at  i-oudon,  June  13,  1855. 

Works.  —  Three  duetts  for  violin  and 
violoncello,  [1802]  ;  another  set,  op.  12 
[1806J .  Five  sets  of  duets,  for  2  violoncellos, 
op.  1  [1795]  ;  Op.  3 ;  Op.  4 ;  Op.  8,  and  Op.  14. 
Trio  for  bassoon,  tenor,  and  'cello,  op.  7.  Six 
easy  solos  for  a  'cello  and  bass,  op.  9.  Fantasia 
for  violoncello,  first  string,  op.  18.  Handbook 
for  the  Violoncello,  Loudon  [1855] .   Songs,  etc. 

His  son,  William  (born,  1802;  died,  Man- 
chester, August  12,  1869),  vifas  a  violinist  of 
some  repute  in  his  day,  and  his  brother, 
Charles,  who  died  in  December,  1842,  was 
also  a  violoncellist,  and  played  at  the  Phil 
harmonic  and  Ancient  Concerts. 

Lindsay,  Christopher,  Scottish  musician 
and  writer.  Brother  of  Lady  Anne  Barnard, 
Member  of  the  Choir  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 
Author  of  "  A  Scheme  showing  the  Distance 
of  Intervals,"  London,  1793. 

Lindsay,  Miss,  see  Bliss,  Mrs.  J.  W. 

Lindsay,  Thomas,  author  of  "Elements 
of  Flute-playing,  according  to  the  most 
approved  principles  of  Modern  Fingering," 
London,  1828.  Melanges  for  the  flute  and 
pf.,  and  otlier  arrangements. 

Ling,  William,  composer,  pianist,  and 
teacher,  who  flourished  about  the  end  of  last 
and  beginning  of  present  century.  Composer 
of  op.  1,  Three  sonatas  for  harpsichord  or 
pf.  [1790] ;  Op.  2,  Duets  for  two  flutes  ;  Diver- 
timentos for  pf.,  opp.  G,  7,  8  ;  Sonatas  for  pf., 
opp.  12,  13;  Serenade,  op.  17,  etc. 

Lingard,  Frederick,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  IManciiester,  in  1811.  He 
studied  inusic  under  Harris,  of  Manchester, 
and  became  organist  of  St.  George's  Church, 
Hulme.  In  1835  he  was  lay-vicar  of  Durham 
Cathedral,  a  post  he  lield  till  his  death,  at 
Durham,  on  July  4,  1847.  He  issued  "  Anti- 
phonal  Chants  for  the  Psalter,"  1843,  and 
composed  anthems,  chants,  etc. 

Linley,  Francis,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  at  Doncaster  in  1774.  Blind  from 
birth.  He  studied  under  Mather,  of  Doncas- 
ter, and  became  organist  of  Pentonville 
Chapel,  Loudon.  Married  to  a  blind  lady  of 
fortune.  Opened  music-selling  business. 
Became  bankrupt,  and  was  dtserted  by  his 
wife.  He  went  to  America  as  an  organist, 
but  returned  to  England  in  1799,  and  died  at 
Doncaster,  September  15,  1800. 


LINLEY. 

Works. — Sonatas  for  pf.  and  flute,  op.  1 ; 
Practical  Introduction  to  the  Organ,  in  five 
parts,  London  [1800] .  Collection  of  Inter- 
ludes, fugues,  etc.,  for  organ,  op.  6  ;  Thirty- 
two  familiar  airs  for  2  flutes  [1790],  and  other 
music  for  the  flute  ;  Songs. 
•^  Linley,  George,  poet  and  composer,  born 
at  Leeds  in  1798.  Died  at  London,  Sept.  10, 
1865. 

Works. — Operas  and  Operettas :  La  Poup6e 
de  Nuremberg,  Covent  Garden,  1861 ;  Law 
versus  Love,  comedietta,  1862 ;  The  Toy 
Makers,  1861 ;  Francesca  Doria.  1849.  The 
Jolly  Beggars,  cantata  (Burns).  Songs  of  the 
Camp,  12  pieces.  Selection  of  Scottish  Mel- 
odies (with  C.  G.  Byrne),  1840.  Songs  of  the 
Troubadours,  London,  1830 ;  Selection  of 
original  hymn  tunes.  Songs  and  Ballads  : 
Alice  ;  Bonnie  New  Moon  ;  Bird  of  Beauty  ; 
Beautiful  Brunette;  Ballad  Singer;  By  the 
spangled  starlight ;  Clara  ;  Chide  no  more  ; 
Constance  ;  Dream  no  more  of  that  sweet 
time  ;  Gipsy  mother  ;  Hetty  ;  Hear  me  but 
once;  lanthe;  I  cannot  mind  my  wheel; 
I'm  the  little  flower  girl ;  Jeanie  ;  Love  me 
little,  love  me  long  ;  My  own  happy  home  ; 
Mariner's  wife  ;  Maid  of  the  Rhine  ;  Minnie; 
Queen  of  the  fairy  dance  ;  Some  one  to  love  ; 
Sweet  village  rose ;  Star  and  water-lily  ; 
Thou  art  gone  from  my  gaze ;  Under  the 
vine  tree.      Part-songs,  trios,  duets. 

Linley  also  wrote  the  words  of  a  large  num- 
ber of  songs,  and  published  two  satirical  poems, 
"  Tiie  Musical  Cynics  of  London,"  London, 
1862,  an  attack  on  Chorley,  the  musical  critic, 
aud  "  Modern  Hudibras,"  London,  1864. 
His  son  George  (died  1869),  published  some 
poetical  works. 

Linley,  Thomas,  composer,  born  at  Bath, 
1725.  He  studied  under  Chilcot  and  Paradies. 
Conductor  of  oratorios  and  concerts  at  Bath. 
Went  to  London  aud  purchased  Garrick's 
share  in  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  with  Sheridan, 
1776.  He  died  at  London,  November  19, 
1795.     Buried  in  Wells  Cathedral. 

Works. —Operas  and  mtisical  dramas : 
Duenna  (Sheridan),  1775  :  Camp,  1776 ; 
Carnival  of  Venice,  1781  ;  Gentle  Shepherd, 
1781;  Triumph  of  Mirth,  1782;  Spanish 
l\Iaid,  1783  ;  Selima  and  Azor  (from  Gr6try), 
1784  ;  Spanish  Rivals,  1785 ;  Tom  Jones,  1785 ; 
Strangers  at  home,  1786 ;  Love  in  the  East, 
1788;  Robinson  Crusoe;  Beggar's  opera  (new 
accompaniments,  etc.);  Songs  in  "The  School 
for  Scandal."  Six  Elegies  for  three  voices 
and  pf.,  London,  1770;  Twelve  Ballads; 
Canzonets.  Numerous  glees,  single  songs, 
and  anthems.  "  The  Posthumous  Vocal 
Works  of  Thomas  and  T.  Linle.v,  junr,"  1800, 
2  vols. 

Linley,  Thomas,  composer,  son  of  the 
above,  born  at  Bath,  1756.  He  studied  under 
Boyce  aud  his  father;  also  at  Florence  under 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


249 


LINLEY. 

Nardini.  He  was  acquainted  with  Mozart. 
Leader  of  Bath  concerts,  and  at  Drury  Lane, 
London.  Drowned  at  Grimsthorpe,  Lincoln- 
shire, August  7,  1778. 

Works. — Music  to  the  Tempest ;  Ode  on 
the  Witches  and  Fairies  of  Shakespeare,  1776; 
The  Song  of  Moses,  oratorio ;  Accompaniments 
for  wind  instruments  to  "  Macbeth  "  music  ; 
Anthems,  glees,  and  songs.  The  popular 
setting  of  the  song,  "0  bid  your  faithful  Ariel 
fly,"  iu  the  "Tempest,"  is  by  him.  His 
brother,  the  Rev.  Ozias  Thurston  Lin  ley 
(born  1765;  died,  Loudon,  March  6,  1831), 
was  a  composer  of  songs,  and  other  vocal 
music. 

Linley,  William,  composer,  son  of 
Thomas  Linley,  senior,  born  at  Bath,  1767 
(1771).  Educated  at  Harrow.  He  studied 
under  Abel  and  his  father.  Appointed  to  post 
in  East  India  Company's  Service,  by  Fox. 
Resided  in  India  for  a  time.  He  died  at 
London,  May  6,  1835. 

Works. — Shakespeare's  Dramatic  Songs, 
consisting  of  all  the  songs,  duets,  and  choruses, 
in  character,  as  introduced  in  his  Dramas., 
with  an  Introduction,  London,  2  vols.,  1815-16. 
Two  operas.  Glees,  etc.  lie  also  wrote  novels 
and  other  literarv  works. 

Linley,  Eliza  Ann,  the  "Maid  of  Bath," 
soprano  vocalist,  daughter  of  Thomas  Linley, 
senior,  born  at  Bath,  in  1754.  She  was 
trained  by  her  father,  and  sang  at  the  Bath 
concerts,  and  in  London,  Worcester,  Hereford, 
and  Gloucester  Festivals.  She  eloped  with 
and  married  R.  B.  Sheridan  in  1773.  She 
died  at  Bristol,  June  28,  1792. 

Linley,  Maria,  soprano  vocalist,  third 
daughter  of  T.  Linley,  born  at  Bath,  about 
1764.  Sang  at  Bath,"etc.  She  died  at  Bath, 
September  5,  1784. 

Linley,  Mary,  soprano  vocalist,  second 
daughter  of  T.  Linlev,  born  at  Bath,  in  1756, 
1759  (?).  Saug  at  Bath,  Hereford  Festival, 
1771,  etc.  Married  Richard  Tickell  iu  1780. 
She  died  at  Clifton,  July  27,  1787. 

Linter,  Ricardo,  pianist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  Devonshire  about  1815.  In  1862 
he  went  to  Cheltenham,  and  became  a  success- 
ful teacher  and  pianist.  He  held  the  position 
of  organist  of  St.  James' .  and  St.  Luke's 
Churches,  Cheltenham.  Died  at  Cheltenham, 
February  6,  1886.  Composer  of  a  large  num- 
ber of  polkas,  quadrilles,  variations  on  airs, 
and  other  works  for  pf.  Songs,  and  other 
vocal  music. 

Linwood,  Mary,  composer,  born  in  Bir- 
mingham in  1755,  died  at  Leicester,  March  2, 
1845.  Composed  "  David's  First  Victory," 
oratorio,  London  [1840] .  The  Kellerin,  and 
The  White  Wreath,  MS.  operas.  Songs,  and 
other  vocal  music.  She  was  celebrated  for 
her  fine  needlework,  of  which  she  gave 
exhibitions  in  1770,  1778,  and  1798. 


LITOLFF, 

Lisley,  John,  composer,  known  only  as 
the  composer  of  a  6-part  madrigal,  "Faire 
Citharea  presents  hir  doves,"  in  the  "Tri- 
umphs of  Oriana,"  1601. 

Liston,  Rev.  Henry,  writer  and  inventor, 
born  in  1771.  Minister  of  Ecclesmachan, 
Linlithgow,  from  1793.  He  died  at  Merchis- 
tonhall,  February  24,  1836.  Author  of  "  An 
Essay  on  Perfect  Intonation,"  London,  1812. 
He  invented  an  Enharmonic  Organ,  which 
was  performed  on  in  Edinburgh,  and  his 
system  was  applied  to  several  other  instru- 
ments, though  unsuccessfully,  owing  to  the 
great  number  of  pedals,  and  the  difficulties 
consequently  attending  manipulation.  His 
son,  Robert,  was  the  famous  surgeon. 

Lithgow,    William    Hume,    composer, 
teacher,  and  conductor,  was  born  at  Leith, 
on  February  15,  1806.     He  studied  in  Edin- 
burgh and  London,  and  became  precentor  of 
St.    Enoch's    Parish    Church,    Glasgow,    and 
music-master  at  the   High  School,  in  1842. 
,  He  died  at  Glasgow,  August  22,  1874.     Com- 
'  piler  of    "Parochial   Sacred  Music,  being  a 
■  selection   of   the    best   ancient   and    modem 
[  psalm  and  hymn-tunes,  etc.  .  .  .  Intended  for 
I  the  use  of  St.  Enoch's  Church,  Glasgow,"  .  . . 
[Glasgow,    n.d.    [c.   1845].     "A   Selection    of 
!  Sacred  Music,  with  accompaniments  for  the 
j  organ  or  pianoforte,"  Glasgow,  n.d.     He  also 
I  composed  a  number  of  songs,  "  Old  Scotland, 
I  I  love  thee,"  etc.,  and  about  50  psalm  and 
I  hymn -tunes. 

Litolff,  Henry  Charles,  composer  and 
I  pianist,  born  in  London,  February  6,  1818. 
His  father  was  a  native  of  Alsace,  taken 
prisoner  by  the  English  in  the  Peninsular 
war,  who  settled  in  London  as  a  violinist. 
His  mother  was  Irish.  Litolff  studied  the 
pianoforte  under  Moscheles,  and  made  his 
debtit  at  his  master's  concert,  Covent  Garden 
Theatre,  July  24,  1832.  In  1835  he  married, 
against  his  parents'  wish,  and  went  to  reside 
I  in  France.  He  gave  concerts  in  various 
j  places,  toured  in  Germany,  1845-6,  gaining 
the  title  of  "  The  English  Liszt."  He  played 
at  the  Leipzig  Gewandhaus  several  times 
from  November  28,  1844,  to  February  7,  1856. 
In  1851  he  entered  upon  the  music  business 
of  Meyer,  of  Brunswick,  which  he  transferred 
to  his  son,  Theodor,  in  1860.  From  1861  he 
resided  chiefly  in  Paris  ;  and  died  at  Colombe, 
near  that  city,  August  5,  1891.  In  1882,  a 
Festival  in  his  honour  was  held  at  Angers. 

Works.  — Operas  :  Der  Braut  vom  Kynast, 
1847 ;  Rodrique  de  Tol^de ;  Les  Templiers, 
written  about  1865  ;  produced,  Brussels,  Jan- 
uary, 1886 ;  The  Flying  Squadron  of  the 
Queen,  Paris,  1888 ;  and  King  Lear,  finished 
in  1890,  and  found  among  his  papers  after 
his  death.  Five  S%nnphony-concertos.  for  pf. 
and  orchestra.  Overtures,  Robespierre ;  Les 
Girondins ;  Das  Welfenlied  ;  Chant  des  Beiges. 


250 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LITTLE. 

Quartet,  strings  ;  Three  Trios,  pf .  and  strings  ; 
and  a  number  of  pieces  for  pf.  He  was  a 
^lan  of  genius,  and  his  works  abound  with 
beautiful  ideas;  but  the  worliuianship  is  fre- 
quently faulty,  and  in  value  his  compositions 
are  very  unequal. 

Little,  Edgar  E.,  tenor  vocalist  and  com- 
poser, resident  in  Dublin.  Was  for  some 
time  in  the  Chapel  Royal  Choir,  Dublin 
Castle.  He  is  the  composer  of  a  comedy 
opera,  "  The  Warlock,"  produced,  Dublin, 
February,  1892;  also  "  Victoire,"  a  military 
comedy  (both  books  by  Alfred  Sniythe),  pro- 
duced at  Leinster  Hall,  Dublin,  April  17, 
1893,  with  much  success.  "Sir.  Little  is  an 
amateur  of  considerable  attainments,  and 
holds  an  appointnioiit  in  the  Bank  of  Ireland. 

Little,  Henry  Walitisley,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  September  12, 
1853.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  under  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren,  C.  Steggall,  H.  C.  Banister,  and  F.  B. 
Jewson,  1872-8.  F.C.O.,  1875;  Mus.  Bac, 
1877;  Mus.  Doc,  1885,  Oxford;  F.R.A..M., 
1884.  Organist  of  Church  of  the  Annun- 
ciation, Chislehurst,  1871 ;  Christ  Church, 
Woburn  Square,  1874;  St.  Matthew's,  Den- 
mark Hill,  1880;  St.  Giles-in-the-Fields, 
1881 ;  and  of  Holv  Trinity,  Tulse  Hill,  from 
1886.  Examiner  for  R.C.O. ;  Trinity  College, 
London  ;  and  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians.  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic 
Societ}'.  Has  given  concerts  and  organ  reci- 
tals at  Gresham  Hall,  etc.  His  compositions 
include  cantatas,  "The  Rock  of  Israel," 
produced,  February,  1887;  and  "Great  is  the 
Lord"  (both  in  MS.).  Church  services,  an- 
thems. Part-songs,  etc.  He  has  also  com- 
posed some  pieces  for  orchestra  (in  MS.) ; 
and  published  a  Suite  de  Pieces,  and  other 
works  for  pf. 

Livingston,  James  R.,  writer  and  com- 
posei',  native  of  Aberdeenshire.  Resided  in 
Glasgow  from  1844.  .\uthor  of  "  The  Organ 
Defended  :  being  an  essay  on  the  use  of  that 
instrument  in  Public  Worship,  with  strictures 
on  '  Phinehas  Vocal's '  attack  on  the  Organ 
and  Dr.  Anderson."  Cxlasgow,  n.d.  [c.  1857]. 
Reply  to  a  pamphlet  entitled  "Dr.  Anderson 
as  an  Organist,"  by  Phinehas  Vocal,  Glasgow, 
n.d.     Compo.ser  of  anthems,  songs,  etc. 

Livingston,  Rev.  Neil,  clergyman,  was 
Free  Church  minister  of  Stair,  in  Ayrshire, 
from  1844  to  1880.  Editor  of  a  reprint  of 
"  The  Scottish  Metrical  Psalter,  of  A.D.  1G35, 
with  copious  dissertations  and  Notes,"  Glas- 
gow, 1864. 

Llanover,  Lady,  art  patroness,  daughter 
of  Benjamin  Waddington,  Esq.,  of  Llanover, 
was  born  March  21, 1802.  Married,  December 
24,  1823,  to  Mr.  Hall,  of  Hensal  Castle,  sub- 
sequently Sir  Benjamin  Hall,  and  Lord  Llan- 
over (died  April  27,  1867).  Lady  Llanover 
revived  the  ancient  glory  of  the  Eisteddfod, 


LLOYD. 

and  was  a  prize  winner  herself,  for  an  essay, 
at  Cardiff,  in  1884.  In  1838,  she  brought  out» 
in  conjunction  with  Miss  Jane  Williams,  of 
Aberpergwym.  a  collection  of  Welsh  Airs. 
Further,  to  promote  the  national  music,  she 
invited  a  meeting  of  Welsh  harpers  in  1869, 
to  compete  for  a  triple  harp.  She  died  at 
Llanover,  January  17,  1896. 

Llinos,  Kce  Williams,  Maria  Jane. 

Lloyd,  Charles  Francis,  composer,  born 
in  Chester,  October  7,  1852.  Son  of  John 
-\mbrose  Lloyd  (q-v.).  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1878.  Appointed  organist  of  Parish 
Church,  Beaumaris,  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  and 
four  years  later,  organist  and  director  of  the 
choir  of  Tynemouth  Parish  Church.  Conduc- 
tor of  Tynemoiath  Philharmonic  Society,  1879- 
91,  and  South  Shields  Choral  Society,  1883-91. 
In  the  latter  year  he  resigned  these  appoint- 
ments, and  has  since  devoted  himself  to  com- 
IJosition.  Adjudicator  at  Royal  National 
Eisteddfod  of  Wales,  and  some  time  musical 
critic  of  the  Neiucastle  Daily  Chronicle.  Com- 
poser of  a  Concert  overture  in  F  (National 
Eisteddfod,  1893) ;  Orchestral  suite  in  P 
( 1894) .  Church  services,  anthems,  part-songs. 
Prize  Cycling  Song  (1891),  and  numerous 
songs,  "Dearie";  "Were  I  the  streamlet"; 
"The  Chords  of  Life,"  etc..  many  of  which 
have  met  with  wide  acceptance. 

Lloyd,  Charles  Harford,  organist  and 
compo.ser,  born  at  Thornl)ury,  Gloucestershire, 
October  16,  1849.  Educated  at  Thorn  bury 
Grammar  School,  and  Rossall  School.  Thence 
to  Magdalen  Hall  (now  Hertford  College), 
Oxford,  where  he  held  an  open  classical 
scholarship.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1871  ; 
B.A.,  1872 ;  M.A.,  1875  ;  and  Mus.  Doc,  1891, 
Oxford.  In  1876,  he  was  appointed  organist 
of  Gloucester  Cathedral ;  in  1882,  of  Christ 
Church  Cathedral,  Oxford;  and  in  1892,  suc- 
ceeded Joseph  Barnby  as  precentor  and  musical 
instructor  at  Eton  College.  He  was  a  founder, 
and  first  president  of  the  Oxford  University 
^Musical  (Hub ;  conductor  of  the  Gloucester 
Festivals  of  1877  and  1880;  and  is  still  con- 
ductor of  the  Oxford  Symphony  Concerts. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Hero  and  Leander, 
produced,  Worcester  Festival,  1884 ;  The 
Song  of  Balder,  Hereford,  1885;  Andromeda, 
Gloucester,  1886 ;  A  Song  of  Judgment,  Here- 
ford, 1891 ;  Sir  Ogie  and  the  Lady  Elsie, 
Hereford,  1894.  Music  to  Alcestis,  Oxford, 
1887.  The  Gleaner's  Harvest,  cantata  for 
female  voices.  Full  Cathedral  Service  in  E 
flat  ;  anthems,  etc.  Pastoral,  The  Rosy 
Dawn,  Leeds  Festival,  1889;  8-part  chorus. 
To  ]\Ioruing,  Worcester,  1890 ;  imrt-songs, 
songs,  etc.  Sonata  in  D  minor,  organ ;  pieces 
for  clarinet  and  pf.,  etc. 

Lloyd,  Edward,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
London,  ]March  7,  1845.  Son  of  Richard 
Lloyd  (noticed  later),  and  Louisa,  his  wife. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


251 


LLOYD. 

born  Hopkins  (q-v.).  Chorister  at  Westmin- 
ster Abbey  under  James  Turle,  leaving  at  fif- 
teen, and  after  a  year  passed  at  a  school  at 
Southwark,  joined  his  mother  at  Cheltenham, 
where  he  remained  until  1865.  He  then  sang 
at  a  church  in  Belsize  Park,  London,  for  a 
short  time,  obtaining  an  appointment  at 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge  in  1866.  A  year 
later  he  went  to  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street, 
London,  and  shortly  afterwards  was  appointed 
a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James's, 
an  ofiice  he  resigned  in  a  few  years.  He  was 
now  becoming  known  as  a  concert  singer, 
taking  part  in  the  performance  of  Beethoven's 
Choral  Fantasia  at  the  Oratorio  Concerts, 
March  9,  1870.  His  first  great  opportunity 
came  with  the  Gloucester  Festival  of  1871, 
when  he  distinguished  himself  in  Bach's  Mat- 
thew Passion.  He  has  sung  at  every  meeting 
of  the  Three  Choirs  since  that  time  save  the 
years  1875,  6,  and  9,  while  his  connection 
with  the  Norwich  Festivals  dates  from  1872. 
He  has  been  principal  tenor  at  the  Leeds  Fes- 
tivals since  1874  ;  and  has  sung  at  every  Bir- 
mingham Festival  from  1876.  At  other  Festi- 
vals and  Concerts  he  has  been  constantly 
heard,  and  has  created  the  tenor  part  in  most 
of  the  great  works  of  recent  times.  As  a  sin- 
ger of  Wagner's  music  he  is  unsurpassed.  He 
has  visited  America  on  several  occasions,  from 
the  Cincinnati  Festival  of  1888,  and  has  sung 
in  Brussels  and  Paris. 

His  father,  Richard  Lloyd,  born  at  Vaux- 
hall,  March  12,  1813,  was  a  tenor  singer  of  re- 
pute, and  became  a  vicar  choral  of  Westminster 
Abbey.  Hedied,  June  28, 1853.  Hknry Lloyd, 
a  younger  brother  of  Edward,  appeared  as  a 
tenor  singer  for  a  short  time  1889-90;  and  E. 
TuRXER  Lloyd,  sod  of  Edward  Lloyd,  studied 
pianoforte  under  Madame  Schumann,  and 
singing  under  F.  Walker;  appeared  as  a  voca- 
list ;  toured  in  America,  1892-3 ;  and  is  now  a 
professor  of  singing  at  the  R.A.M. 

Lloyd,  George,  musician,  who  published 
"Peninsular  Melodies,"  London,  1830,  2  vols. 

Lloyd,  John  Ambrose,  composer,  born 
at  Mold,  Flintshire,  June  14,  1815.  Father 
of  Charles  Francis  Lloyd  (q-v.).  Though  in 
the  main  self-taught,  he  gained  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  the  most  refined  Welsh  com- 
poser of  his  day.  His  cantata,  "The  Prayer 
of  Habakkuk"  (1851;,  was  the  first  work  of 
its  class  produced  in  Wales ;  his  anthem, 
"  The  Kingdom  of  the  Earth  "  (Eisteddfod 
Prize,  1852),  is  still  the  most  popular  anthem 
in  Wales;  and  his  part-song,  "The  Last 
Flower,"  is  looked  upon  as  a  Welsh  classic. 
In  1843  he  published  a  collection  of  Hymn- 
tunes ;  and  a  second,  "The  Praise  Offering," 
in  1873.  Several  of  his  hymn-tunes  were 
awarded  prizes.  He  often  acted  as  adjudi- 
cator at  the  National  Eisteddfodau.  Died  at 
Liverpool,  September  14,  1874. 


LOCKEY. 

Lloyd,  John,  Frederick,  musician,  com- 
piler of  "  The  Parochial  Psalmist,  or  a  selec- 
tion of  Psalms  and  Hymns,"  Dublin  [1845]; 
2nd  ed.,  1848;  .3rd  ed.,  1850. 

Locke,  Matthew,  composer  and  writer, 
was  born  at  Exeter  in  1632  or  1633.  He  be- 
came a  chorister  in  Exeter  Cathedral,  and 
studied  music  under  Edward  Gibbons  and  W. 
Wake.  Composer  in  Ordinary  to  Charles  II., 
1661.  Afterwards  he  became  a  Roman  Catho- 
lic, and  was  appointed  organist  to  the  Queen. 
He  died  at  London,  August,  1677. 

Works. — Cupid  and  Death,  masque  (Shir- 
ley), with  C.  Gibbons,  1653.  Little  Consort 
of  three  parts  for  viols,  1656.  Music  for  The 
Stepmother  (Stapylton),  1664;  Davenant's 
alteration  of  "Macbeth,"  1672 ;  Shadwell's 
"Psyche,"  1673;  and  the  "Tempest,"  1673. 
Anthems,  various,  for  Chapel  Royal.  Kyrie 
and  Credo,  1666  (preface  defending  the  work 
against  the  opposition  which  its  novel  form 
raised,  entitled,  "Modern  Church  Music :  Pre- 
accused,  censur'd,  and  obstructed  in  its  per- 
formance before  his  Majesty,"  April  1,  1666). 
Reply  to  Thomas  Salmon's  "Essay  to  the 
Advancement  of  Music,"  entitled,  "Observa- 
tions upou  a  late  book  entitled.  An  Essay  to 
the  Advancement  of  INIusick,  by  casting  away 
the  perplexity  of  different  clifts  and  writing 
all  sorts  of  musick  in  an  Universal  character." 
London,  1672.  Reply  to  Salmon's  "Vindica- 
tion," entitled,  "The  Present  practice  of 
Musick,  vindicated  against  the  exception  and 
new  way  of  attaining  Musick,  lately  published 
by  Thomas  Salmon,  London,  1672.  "  Melo- 
thesia,  or  certain  general  Rules  for  playing 
upon  a  continued  bass,  with  a  choice  collec- 
tion of  Lessons  for  the  Harpsichord  or  Organ 
of  all  sorts,"  London,  1673.  Songs  in  contem- 
porary collections,  as  the  Theater  of  INIusic; 
The  Treasury  of  Music  ;  etc. 

Lockett,  William,  organist  and  compo- 
ser, was  born  at  Manchester  in  1835.  He 
has  held  the  appointments  of  deputy  assistant 
organist  of  Manchester  Cathedral  ;  organist 
of  St.  John's,  Higher  Broughton,  1855-61 ; 
St.  Mark's,  Cheetham  ;  Union  Chapel,  1877  ; 
Cross  Street  Chapel,  Manchester ;  and  con- 
ductor of  Moston  Choral  Society.  He  has 
composed  anthems;  Evening,  four  part  song; 
Merry  mountain  maid  ;  Mother's  prayer,  and 
other  songs. 

Lockey,  Charles,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at 
Newbury,  Berks,  1820.  Son  of  Angel  Lockey, 
Chorister,  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1828-36, 
in  which  last  year  he  went  to  Bath  to  study 
under  Edmund  Harris.  In  1842,  became  a 
pupil  of  Sir  George  Smart,  and  lay-cleri<  of 
St.  George's,  Windsor.  Appointed  vicar- 
choral  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1843,  but  in 
October,  1842,  made  his  first  appearance  as 
an  oratorio  singer  in  Rossini's  "  Stabat 
Mater,"   at  Store   Street   Rooms.     Was  en- 


252 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


LOCKHART. 

gaged  for  the  Ancient  Concerts  in  1846,  and 
sang  at  the  Birmingham  Festival  the  same 
year,  at  the  production  of  Mendelssohn's 
"  Elijah."  Also  sang  at  the  Three  Choirs 
Festivals,  1846-56,  and  at  the  concerts  of  the 
Sacred  Harmonic  Society.  In  1848  was  made 
a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  Married 
Miss  Martha  Williams,  contralto  singer.  May, 
1853.  An  affection  of  the  throat  compelled 
his  retirement  in  1859.  One  of  the  most 
eminent  and  popular  singers  of  his  day,  his 
early  retirement  was  a  public  loss.  He  is 
now  resident  at  Hastings,  and  retains, 
officially,  his  Cathedral  and  Chapel  Royal 
appointments. 

Lockhart,  Charles,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  in  1745.  He  was 
blind  from  his  infancy,  but  became  organist 
of  the  Lock  Chapel  in  1772  ;  St.  Katharine 
Cree  ;  St.  Mary's,  Lambeth  ;  Orange  Street 
Chapel  ;  and  Lock  Chapel  again  in  1790-97. 
He  died  at  London,  February  9,  1815.  Com- 
poser of  "  A  set  of  hymn  tunes  and  anthems 
for  three  voices,"  London  [1810] ;  "  An  Epi- 
thalamium,  or  nuptial  ode"  [1770];  Select 
and  original  vocal  pieces ;  March,  in  honour 
of  the  Lambeth  Loyal  Association,  Loudon 
[1795]  ;  Sonatas  for  harpsichord.  Female 
advice,  Rural  gift,  and  other  songs.  His 
hymn  tune  "  Carlisle  "  is  included  in  many 
modern  collections. 

Lockwood,  Adolphus  Raven,  harpist, 
born  in  London,  1840?  Appeared,  with  his 
brother  and  sister,  at  a  concert  at  the  Han- 
over Square  Rooms,  February  18,  1848,  the 
three  then  being  pupils  of  Gerhard  Taylor. 
He  soon  rose  to  a  high  position,  but  spent 
the  later  years  of  liis  life  in  Germany.  He 
played  at  the  Gewandhaus  Concerts,  Leipzig, 
December  II,  1876.  In  1884  he  was  created 
a  Royal  Chamber  Musician,  Munich,  in  which 
place  he  died,  January  2.S,  1885,  aged  45. 
His  younger  brother,  Ernest  Lockwood, 
harpist,  was  a  member  of  the  orchestras  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society,  the  Royal  Italian 
Opera,  and  the  Crystal  Palace.  He  played 
Handel's  Concerto  for  harp  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  November  28,  1885,  and  was  known 
as  one  of  the  foremost  professors  of  the  harp 
in  London.  He  died,  April  21,  1897.  Miss 
Lockwood  (the  sister?)  was  for  years  harpist 
to  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company.  She  died 
suddenly  at  Hanley,  Staffs.,  while  on  tour, 
February,  1897. 

Loder,  Edward  James,  composer,  born 
at  Biith,  in  181.3.  Son  of  John  David  Loder. 
He  studied  under  his  father,  and  at  Frankfort, 
under  P.  Ries,  1826-28.  Returned  to  Eng- 
land, 1828.  Again  went  to  Germany  and 
studied  under  Rics.  Conductor  at  Princess's 
Theatre,  Ijondon  ;  also  at  Manchester.  He 
died  at  London,  April  5,  1865. 

WonKS.— Operas :  Nourjahed,  July,  18-34; 


LODER. 

Dice  of  Death  (Oxenford),  1835;  Night  Dan- 
cers, Princess  Theatre,  1846  ;  Puck,  a  ballad 
opera ;  Sultan,  dramatic  piece ;  Young  Guard 
1848 ;  Island  of  Calypso,  a  masque,  1851 
Raymond  and  Agnes,  Manchester,  1855 
Francis  the  First,  1838  (compilation) ;  Forest- 
ers; or.  Twenty -five  years  since;  Deer  Stalkers, 
Scottish  opera ;  Beggar's  Opera,  revised. 
Selection  of  Songs,  in  3  books.  Dr.  Watt's 
Divine  and  Moral  Songs.  Sacred  Songs  and 
Ballads,  Poetry  by  D.  Ryan.  Improved  and 
Select  Psalmody.  Divine  Harmony.  Twelve 
Sacred  Songs.  Instructions  and  Exercises 
on  the  principles  and  practice  of  the  art  of 
Singing  (Ashdown),  n.d.  Songs  and  Ballads : 
Afloat  on  the  Ocean  ;  Arnold  the  Armourer  ; 
Bare-footed  Friar  ;  Brave  old  oak  ;  Come  to 
the  glen  ;  Columbus  ;  Come  blushing  May  ; 
Deep-sea  Fisher  ;  Forester's  Bride  ;  Hermit ; 
Ivy  tree  ;  I  love  these  merry  festive  times  ; 
I'll  weave  a  sweet  garland ;  My  harp  is  strung 
for  thee  ;  My  own  loved  home  ;  Martin,  the 
man  of  arms  ;  O  here's  to  the  holly  ;  Oh,  the 
merry  days  ;  Outlaw  ;  O  speed  my  bark  ; 
Philip  the  Falconer ;  Rhine  song  ;  Sweet 
girls  of  Erin  ;  Stars  of  the  flowers  ;  Thou  art 
gone  to  the  grave  ;  The  song  of  the  water 
king ;  The  village  mill ;  Wake,  my  love ; 
Where  is  my  loved  one  ?  Part-songs,  hymns, 
and  pf.  music. 

Loder,  George,  cousin  of  E.  J.  Loder, 
composer  and  singer,  born  at  Bath,  in  1816  ; 
died  at  Adelaide,  Australia,  July  15,  1868. 
Compiled  "  The  Old  House  at  Home,"  mu- 
sical entertainment  ;  numerous  songs  ;  sym- 
phonies ;  pf.  music,  etc. 

Loder,  John  David,  violinist  and  writer, 
born  1788  ;  died  February  13,  1846.  Author 
of  the  "  The  ]Moderu  Art  of  Bowing  exempli- 
fied, with  exercises  in  the  major  and  minor 
scales,"  London,  n.d.  ;  Violin  School,  n.d.  ; 
Works  for  Violin. 

Loder's  violin  school  is  one  of  the  most 
popular  among  recent  productions  of  that 
nature. 

Loder,  John  Fawcett,  violinist  and 
composer,  son  of  above,  born  at  Bath,  1812. 
Teacher  and  concert-director  at  Bath.  Leader 
of  orchestra  and  teacher  in  London.  He  died 
in  London,  April  16,  1853. 

Loder,  Kate  Fanny,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Bath,  August  21,  1826,  only 
daughter  of  George  and  Fanny  Loder.  Her 
musical  talent  was  manifest  at  a  very  early 
age,  and  when  six  years  old  she  was  placed 
under  a  jNIiss  Batterbury.  She  was  then 
placed  with  Henry  Field,  and  in  18.38  entered 
the  R.A.IM.  Her  teachers  were  Mrs.  Ander- 
son and  Charles  Lucas.  Elected  King's 
Scholar,  18.39  ;  re-elected  1841.  On  leaving 
the  Academy  in  1844,  she  was  elected  Pro- 
fessor of  Harmony.  She  appeared  at  concerts, 
Bath,  in    1840 ;    played   at  Mrs.  Anderson's 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


253 


LODGE. 

concert,  at  Her  Majesty's  Theatre,  May  31, 
1844,  when  Mendelssohn  was  present  to  hear 
her  rendering  of  two  movements  from  his 
first  concerto.  First  appeared  at  the  Phil- 
harmonic Concerts,  March  15,  1847,  as  soloist 
in  Weber's  concerto  in  E  fiat ;  and  played 
for  the  last  time  in  public  at  the  same,  March 
6,  1854,  Mendelssohn's  concerto  in  D  minor. 
On  December  16,  1851,  she  was  married  to 
the  eminent  surgeon  (Sir)  Henry  Thompson. 
She  continued  her  connection  with  the  R.  A.M. 
for  some  years  after  her  retirement  from  the 
concert  platform.  Her  works  include  an 
opera,  L'Elisir  d'  Amore  ;  an  overture  ;  two 
string  quartets ;  a  trio  for  pf.  and  strings  ; 
sonatas  for  pf.,  and  pf.  and  violin  ;  pieces  for 
violin  ;  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Lodge,  John,  see  Ellerton,  John  Lodge. 

Logan,  Edmond,  amateur  musician  and 
flute  player,  born  about  1804  ;  died  Edinburgh 
January  24,  1865.  He  was  a  writer  to  the 
Signet  in  Edinburgh,  and  acted  as  musical 
critic  to  the  Scotsman  for  many  years. 

Logan,  William,  amateur  violinist  and 
composer,  was  born  in  Ayrshire,  about  1745. 
He  was  a  major  in  the  array,  and  is  chiefly 
notable  as  a  friend  of  Burns  the  poet,  who 
addressed  an  "  Epistle "  to  him  beginning 
"Hail,  thairim  -  inspiriu'  rattlin'  Willie." 
He  composed  various  dances,  etc.,  contained 
in  John  Hall's  collection,  and  elsewhere. 

Lohr,  Frederick  Nicholls,  composer, 
pianist,  and  conductor,  was  born  at  Norwich, 
in  January,  1844.  He  was  a  pupil  of  Dr.  Z. 
Buck.  He  settled  in  Plymouth  as  a  teacher 
and  concert-giver,  and  became  organist  of 
Sherwell  Chapel,  and  conductor  of  the  Ply- 
mouth Vocal  Association.  He  died  at  Ply- 
mouth, December  18th,  1888.  He  composed 
Fairy  Music,  a  cantata  for  treble  voices ; 
Country  songs  for  the  children's  hour ;  School 
songs  ;  Orchestral  and  pf.  music,  etc. 

Lohr,  Richard  Harvey,  composer,  pi- 
anist, and  organist,  born  at  Leicester,  June 
13,  1856.  Son  of  Geo.  Aug.  Lohr,  many  years 
organist  of  St.  Margaret's,  Leicester.  Edu- 
cated at  home,  and  later  at  the  R.A.M.,  under 
Sullivan,  Prout,  and  W.  H.  Holmes.  Won 
the  Lucas  medal  for  composition  twice — 
1877-8.  Potter  Exhibitioner  and  Santley 
Prizeholder,  1879.  A.R.A.M.  Associate  Phil- 
harmonic Society  and  Member  of  the  Royal 
Society  of  Musicians.  Has  acted  as  organist 
since  the  age  of  ten,  and  at  present  holds 
office  at  St.  James's,  Marylebone  (Rev.  H.  R. 
Haweis).  In  1882,  began  giving  concerts  in 
London,  and  chamber  concerts  in  Leicester  ; 
and  is  in  great  request  as  accompanist  and 
as  a  teacher. 

Works. — Oratorio,  The  Queen  of  Sheba, 
selection  performed  St.  James',  Marylebone, 
Dec.  13,  1896.  Anthems :  They  that  go  down 
(for  soprano  solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  1885) ; 


LONGHURST. 

God,  who  madest  earth  and  heaven  ;  Watch- 
ing, praying,  waiting,  and  others.  Morning 
and  evening  service  in  C,  op.  12  ;  Communion 
service  in  A  minor.  A  Border  raid,  chorus 
with  orchestra  (1883),  and  other  part-songs. 
Album  of  ten  songs,  op.  16,  etc.,  etc.  Quartet 
in  E  minor,  op.  15,  pf.  and  strings  (produced 
at  a  concert  given  by  the  composer,  June, 
1882  ;  published  1889) ;  Ballade  in  G,  op.  3, 
violoncello  and  pf.  ;  Duo  concertanti,  op.  18, 
pf.  and  violoncello ;  Caprice  in  G,  op.  11, 
Cavatina  in  B  fiat,  op.  14,  violin  and  pf.  The 
Window,  twelve  pieces,  op.  7,  and  other  com- 
positions for  pf.  Scales  and  arpeggios,  speci- 
ally adapted  for  examinations.  Author  of 
Lohr's  Primer,  catechism  of  the  Rudiments 
of  music,  London,  Lucas,  Weber,  and  Co., 
1882  ;  Principia  of  music,  a  complete  expla- 
nation of  the  rudiments  of  music,  etc.,  Lon- 
don, Forsyth,  1890.  Editor  of  London  chant 
Book,  1885. 

Lomas,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Birch  Hull,  Bolton,  November  30, 
1834.  He  studied  under  Steggall,  Sterndale 
Bennett,  and  J.  P.  Bridge.  He  acted  as 
voluntary  organist  of  Didsbury  Parish  Church, 
and  at  Emmanuel  Church,  Barlow  Moor. 
He  graduated  Mus.  Bac.  in  1876.  He  died 
October,  18,  1884.  Composer  of  music  for 
the  church,  the  hymn  tune  "  Submission," 
etc.  Song,  "  Take  me  to  thy  heart,  dear 
maiden"  (Professor  Blackie),  composed  ex- 
pressly for  IMadame  Marie  Roze. 

Long,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer  of 
latter  part  of  last  century.  Among  other 
works  he  published  "  Four  lessons  and  two 
voluntaries  for  the  harpsichord  or  organ," 
London  [1770];  "  Where'er  you  tread,"  prize 
glee,  1764  ;  "  Hush  the  god  of  love,"  glee  ; 
Psalms  in  Riley's  collection,  etc. 

Longbottom,  T.  K.,  composer,  born  at 
Burley,  Yorkshire,  1832.  He  was  a  teacher 
and  conductor.  Died  at  Bradford,  August  15, 
1882.  Composer  of  a  number  of  stories  with 
music,  such  as  Alfred  the  Great,  Daniel, 
David,  Elijah,  St.  Paul ;  and  other  vocal 
music. 

Longhurst,  John  Alexander,  vocalist, 
born  in  1809.  He  studied  under  John  Wat- 
son, and  first  appeared  in  Bishop's  opera, 
"  Henri  Quatre,"  in  1820.  He  sang  at 
numerous  concerts.     Died  in  1855. 

Longhurst,  William  Henry,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Lambeth,  October  6, 
1819.  When  he  was  two  years  old  his  parents 
went  to  reside  at  Canterbury,  and  in  1828  he 
was  admitted  a  chorister  in  the  Cathedral. 
In  1836  he  was  appointed  assistant  organist, 
master  of  tlie  choristers,  and  lay-clerk  ;  and 
in  1873  succeeded  T.  E.  Joues  as  cathedral 
organist.  F. CO.,  1805;  Mus.  Doc.,Cantuar, 
1875;  Toronto,  1886.  Musical  Lecturer  at 
St.  Augustine's  College,  Canterbury. 


254 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


LOOSEMOEE. 

Works. — Oratorio,  David  and  Absolom, 
produced,  Canterbury,  January  10,  1872 ; 
The  Village  Pair,  an  Alpine  Idyll  (words  by 
Jetty  Vogel),  Canterbury,  February  6,  1882. 
Cathedral  service  in  E  ;  Benedicite  in  E  ; 
chants,  etc.  Anthems:  Blessed  is  he;  Grant 
to  us,  Lord  ;  Great  is  the  Lord  ;  The  Lord  is 
my  strength,  and  others.  Editor  of  A  Collec- 
tion of  Anthems,  as  performed  at  Canterbury 
Cathedral  [1845J.  Andante  piacevole  and 
Tarantella,  violin  and  pf.,  songs,  etc. 

Loosemore,  Qeorge,  organist  and  com- 
poser, who  flourished  in  the  17th  century. 
Mus.  Bac,  Cantab.  Chorister  in  King's 
College,  Cambridge,  16G0.  Organist  of  Trinity 
College,  IGGO.  Doc.  Mus.,  Cantab.,  1665. 
Composed  Anthems,  mostly  preserved  in  MS. 

Loosemore,  Henry,  organist  and  com- 
poser, father  of  the  above,  was  a  chorister  at 
Cambridge.  Organist  of  King's  College, 
Cambridge.  Mus.  Bac,  Cantab.,  1640.  Org- 
anist of  Exeter  Cathedral,  1660.  He  died  in 
1670.     Composer  of  service  and  anthems. 

His  brother,  John  (1613— April  8,  1681), 
was  an  organ-builder,  and  built  the  organ  of 
Exeter  Cathedral,  etc. 

Lorimer,  John,  amateur  composer  and 
artist,  was  horn  at  Paisley,  on  June  9,  1812. 
He  was  an  artist  and  poet,  and  resided  chiefly 
in  Paisley,  wliere  he  died,  on  October  13, 1878. 
He  composed  a  number  of  psalm  tunes,  "Crook- 
ston ,"  etc.  ,and  several  humorous  songs, the  best 
known  being  "  I'm  ower  auld  to  marry  noo." 

Lott,  Edwin  Matthew,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  St.  Heller,  Jersey,  Janu- 
ary 31,  1836.  When  ten  years  of  age  he  was 
organist  of  St.  Matthew's  Church,  and  held 
in  succession  several  similar  appointments  in 
Jersey.  Studied  under  W.  T.  Best,  1851-2; 
F.C.O.,  1865.  Organist  of  St.  Clement  Danes, 
and  other  churches  in  Loudon,  1860-4;  re- 
turned to  Jersey  in  1865,  and  was  professor  of 
music  in  Victoria  College,  and  bandmaster  of 
three  regiments.  Re-appointed  organist  of  St. 
Peter's,  Bayswater,  1870 ;  organist  of  St.  Ethel- 
burga,Bishopsgate,1880;  and  of  St.  Sepulchre's, 
Holborn,  1883  to  the  present  time.  Mr.  Lott 
has  been  professor  and  examiner.  Trinity  Col- 
lege, London ;  principal  of  Musical  Interna- 
tional College;  was  made  Mus.  Doc,  honoris 
cauan,  Trinity  College,  Toronto;  examiner  for 
the  same  ;  and  in  1891  appointed  to  the  chair 
of  music.  He  has  written  a  cantata,  "Thus 
saith  the  Lord,  heaven  is  my  throne"  ;  church 
services,  anthems,  etc.  "  Into  the  silent  land"; 
"  The  Fairy  wedding,"  and  other  songs.  Son- 
ata in  F  ;  I3ourr^e  ;  Minuet ;  Fifty-five  finger 
inventions  in  all  keys,  for  pf.,  with  about  300 
pieces  for  that  instrument.  Organ  pieces  in 
various  styles.  He  is  author  of  a  Pianoforte 
Catechism  ;  Harmony  Catechism  ;  and  a  Dic- 
tionary of  Musical  Terms,  all  of  which  have 
passed  through  several  editions. 


LOWE. 

Lott,  John  Browning,  organist  and  con- 
ductor, was  a  cliorister  at  Canterbury  Cathe- 
dral under  Dr.  Longhurst,  and  afterwards 
organist  successively  at  the  churches  of  St. 
Dunstan  and  St.  Paul  in  that  city.  The  last 
he  left  to  become  assistant  organist  at  the 
cathedral.  He  went  next  to  the  parish  Church, 
]\Iargate,  and  while  there  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1876.  In  1881  he  was  appointed  or- 
ganist and  master  of  the  choristers  at  Lich- 
field Cathedral.  He  conducts  the  Diocesan 
Choral  Festivals,  and  is  the  founder  and  con- 
ductor of  the  Lichfield  Musical  Society,  which 
has  done  important  service  to  music  in  the 
locality. 

Love,  James,  conductor,  organist,  and 
author,  born  at  Dundee,  January  1,  1858.  He 
has  been  organist  of  High  Church,  Falkirk 
since  1878,  and  has  for  many  years  acted  as 
condui;tor  of  the  Falkirk  and  Vale  of  Leven 
Choral  Societies.  Author  of  "  Scottish  Church 
Music,  its  composers  and  sources,"  Edinburgh, 
1891,  a  work  of  much  value  and  accuracy 
whicii  is  particularly  strong  in  its  biographi- 
cal details. 

Lover,  Samuel,  poet,  painter,  novelist, 
and  composer,  was  born  at  Dublin,  February 
24,  1797  ;  died  at  Jersey,  July  6,  1868. 

Works. — Various  Novels.  Songs  and  Bal- 
lads, Ijondon,  1859.  Music  to  the  foiloiving 
plays:  Rory  O'More  (based  on  his  novel)  18.37; 
White  Horseof  the  Peppers,  1838;  Happy  man, 
1839  ;  Green  Boy,  1840 ;  II  Paddy  Whack  in 
Italia,  1841;  MacOarthy  More,  1861.  Songs: 
A  leaf  that  reminds  me  of  thee;  Angel's  whis- 
per; Birth  of  St.  Patrick;  Bowld  Soger  Boy; 
Fairy  Boy;  Fairy  Tempter;  Fisherman  ;  For- 
give but  don't  forget;  Four  leaved  Shamrock; 
Hour  before  day  ;  I  leave  you  to  guess  ;  Irish 
mule  driver;  Land  of  the  west;  Letter  (the); 
Low  backed  car ;  May  dew  ;  Molly  Bawn ; 
Molly  Carew ;  My  Mother  dear ;  Rory  O'More  ; 
Saint  Kevin  ;  True  love  can  ne'er  forget ;  'Twas 
the  day  of  the  feast ;  Can  you  ever  forget ;  Dove 
song;  Fisherman's  daughter;  I  can  ne'er  for- 
get thee  ;  Kathleen  and  the  Swallows  ;  Lady 
mine  ;  Macarthy's  grave  ;  0  watch  you  well ; 
Rose,  zei^hyr,  and  dewdrop  ;  Sally ;  Say  not 
my  heart  is  cold  ;  That  rogue  Riley  ;  Voice 
within  ;  Whistling  thief ;  Widow  Machree. 

Many  of  Lover's  songs  have  passed  into  the 
Irish  national  repertory,  the  "Angel's  Whis- 
per," "  The  Letter,"  "  What  will  you  do  love  ?  " 
and  "  The  Fairy  Tempter,"  being  among  the 
best  known. 

Lowe,  C.  Egerton,  pianist  and  writer  of 
present  time.  Studied  at  Leipzig  Conserva- 
torium.  Has  published  Six  Album  leaves  for 
violin  and  pf.,  and  is  author  of  a  Chronological 
Cyclopsedia  of  Musicians  and  Musical  Events, 
London,  Weekes,  1896. 

Lowe  or  Low,  Edward,  organist  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Salisbury  [1615] .     He 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


255 


LOWE. 

■was  a  chorister  in  Salislmry  Cathedral,  under 
Holmes.  Organist  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1630.  Organist  of  Chapel  Royal,  1660.  Chora- 
gus  and  professor  of  music,  Oxford,  1661-82. 
He  died  at  Oxford,  July  11,  1682. 

Works. — A  short  direction  for  the  per- 
formance of  Cathedrale  service,  etc.,  Oxford, 
1661.     Anthems,  etc. 

Lowe,  Joseph,  composer  and  dancing- 
master,  born  at  Marykirk,  Kincardineshire, 
in  1797.  Son  of  John  Lowe,  a  dancing-master 
and  composer  there.  He  resided  at  Brechin, 
Inverness,  etc.,  and  finally  settled  in  Edin- 
burgh, where  he  died  on  July  12,  1866.  He 
issued  a  "Collection  of  reels,  strathspeys, 
jigs,  etc.,"  Edinburgh,  n.d.  [c.  1845],  and 
"  Royal  collection  of  reels,  strathspeys,  etc.," 
Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Lowe,  Thomas,  tenor  singer,  was  born 
early  in  the  18th  century.  JJebzit,  Drury 
Lane  Theatre,  September  11,  1718.  Sang  in 
Ame's  "  As  you  like  it " ;  Handel's  oratorios, 
etc.  Appeared  at  Vauxhall,  1745.  Manager 
of  Marylebone  Crardens,  1768-68.  Sang  at 
Sadler's  Wells,  1772.  He  died  on  March  1, 
1783. 

Lowthian,  Caroline,  Mrs.  Cyril  A. 
Prescott,  is  the  composer  of  a  number  of 
songs,  Sunshine,  etc.  Also  a  Bourr^e  ;  Dance 
de  Ballet,  and  other  jiieces  for  pf . 
Luard=Selby,  see  Selby. 
Lucas,  Charles,  composer,  organist,  and 
conductor,  was  born  at  Salisbury,  July  28, 
1808.  Chorister  in  Salisbury  Cathedral,  under 
Corfe,  1815-23.  Pupil  at  R.A.M.,  under 
Lindley  and  Crotch.  1823-30.  Member 
of  Queen  Adelaide's  private  band.  Conductor 
at  R.A.M.,  1832.  Organist  of  Hanover  Cha- 
pel, Regent  Street,  1839.  He  was  occasion- 
ally conductor  of  the  Ancient  Concerts  in 
1840-43.  Principal  'cello  at  opera,  and  pro- 
vincial Festivals,  etc.  Member  of  firm  of 
Addison,  Hollier,  and  Lucas,  music-publishers, 
1856-65.  Principal  of  R.A.M.,  1859-66.  He 
■was  married  to  Miss  Helen  Taylor,  the  soprano 
vocalist ;  who  died  at  London,  March  8, 1866. 
He  died  at  London,  March  23,  1869. 

Works. — The  Regicide,  opera ;  Three  sym- 
phonies ;  Overtures  ;  Violoncello  concerto, 
etc.  Anthems  :  Blessed  be  the  Lord  ;  Sing, 
O  heavens ;  Ho.sanna  ;  O  Lord,  open  thou ; 
0  God,  the  strength ;  O  thou  that  dwellest. 
Magnificat,  four  voices,  in  canon,  Gresham 
prize,  1836.  Hail  to  the  new-born  Spring, 
glee.  Ah,  fading  joy,  madrigal.  Songs : 
Clouds  from  out  the  sky  are  driven ;  Home- 
ward thoughts ;  Poet's  consolation.  String 
quartets,  unfinished  operas,  etc. 

Lucas,  Clarence,  composer,  born  in  Can- 
ada, 1866,  studied  at  the  Conservatoire, 
Paris,  under  Theodore  Dubois.  He  has  pub- 
lished a  number  of  pieces  for  pf.,  and  is  the 
composer  of  the  operas,  "  Anne  Hathaway  " 


LUNN. 

and  "  The  Money  Spider,"  the  last  produced 
at  the  Matinee  Theatre,  Easter  Monday,  1897. 

Lucome,  Emma, see s«6.  Reeves,  J.Sims. 

Ludwig,  William,  bass  vocalist,  born  in 
Dublin.  For  many  years  associated  with 
English  opera  companies.  Toured  with  Carl 
Rosa's  company  in  the  spring  of  1876 ;  with 
the  Blanche  Cole  company  in  1879 ;  and  took 
the  part  of  Vanderdecken  in  the  "  Flying 
Dutchman"  in  Mr.  J.  W.  Turner's  company 
in  Birmingham.  He  was  in  America  for 
some  time  from  1886,  joining  the  American 
Opera  Company  in  New  York,  Chicago,  etc. 
He  has  sung  in  concerts  and  operatic  recitals 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  and  elsewhere  ;  and  in 
1896  rejoined  the  Carl  Rosa  company,  creating 
the  part  of  Hans  Sachs  in  "  The  ISIeister- 
singers,"  at  Manchester,  April  16.  Also  ap- 
pearing at  the  Garrick  Theatre,  London, 
January,  1897. 

Lukis,  Rev.  William  C,  author  of  "An 
Account  of  Church  Bells,"  London,  1857. 

Lumley,  Benjamin,  writer  and  operatic 
manager,  was  born  in  1812.  He  was  brought 
up  to  law,  and  became  solicitor  in  1832. 
Manager  of  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  1841-52 
and  1856-58.  He  died  at  London,  March  17, 
1876.  Lumley  produced  a  number  of  operas 
by  Donizetti,  Verdi,  Costa,  Hal^vy,  etc.,  and 
among  the  singers  who  appeared  under  his 
management  may  be  named  Liud,  Cruvelli, 
Johanna  Wagner,  Piccolomini,  Tietjens,  Giu- 
glini,  Ronconi,  etc.  He  wrote  a  work  en- 
titled, "  Reminiscences  of  the  Opera,"  Lond., 
1864,  with  portrait. 

Lunn,  Charles,  writer  and  teacher  of 
singing,  born  at  Birmingham,  January  5, 
1838.  Brother  of  Rev.  J.  R.  Lunn  (q.v.). 
Studied  in  Italy  under  Cattaneo,  Sangiovanni 
and  Vizone,  from  1860.  In  1864-5,  sang,  with 
success,  at  Worcester,  Cheltenham,  etc.  In 
1867,  gave  up  public  singing  and  devoted 
himself  to  voice  training,  settling  in  Bir- 
mingham. The  result  of  his  work  was  shown 
in  the  concerts  given  for  many  years  in  the 
Town  Hall  and  other  places,  when  large 
xiumbers  of  pupils  sang.  He  began  about 
this  time  a  series  of  articles  in  TJie  Orchestra; 
and,  in  1873,  contributed  to  The  Medical 
p7-ess  and  Circular.  His  principal  work, 
"  The  Philosophy  of  Voice,"  appeared  in 
1874,  and  reached  its  8th  edition  in  1896. 
In  1880,  he  published  a  sequel  to  it,  "  Vox 
Populi."  He  has  frequently  lectured  on  the 
voice,  in  Birmingham,  I..ondon,  etc.,  and 
published  a  number  of  pamphlets — Roots  of 
Musical  Art ;  Vocal  Expression  ;  Conserva- 
tion and  Restoration  ;  The  .\rtistic  Voice  ; 
The  Voice  and  its  Training  ;  The  Ascent  of 
Parnassus:  or  the  Teaching  of  the  Future, 
etc.  In  1895  Mr.  Lunn  removed  to  London, 
where  he  continues  his  teaching.  He  is  a 
frequent  contributer  to  the  musical  press. 


256 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


LUNN. 

Lunn,  Henry  Charles,  critic,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  in  London,  in  1817.  Son 
of  Joseph  Lunu,  Assistant-Commissary  of  the 
Field  Train  Department  of  the  Ordnance. 
He  entered  the  R.A.M.  in  1835,  remaining 
until  184.3,  studying  under  Mudie,  W.  S. 
Bennett,  and  Cipriani  Potter.  Elected  Asso- 
ciate, then  Fellow.  Was  also  professor, 
member  of  the  Committee  of  Management, 
and  Director,  retiring  in  1887.  From  1863 
to  1887  he  was  editor  of  the  Musical  Times, 
to  which  he  contributed  many  articles,  besides 
notices  of  the  provincial  festivals.  He 
married,  December  28, 1848,  Miss  Mary  Anne 
Lincoln,  younger  sister  of  Henry  J.  Lincoln 
(q.v.).  From  1887  he  lived  in  retirement,  and 
died,  January  23,  1894. 

Works. — A  descriptive  essay  on  the  patent 
Clavic  attachment,  invented  by  Robert  Brooks, 
junior,  showing  its  importance  in  facilitating 
performance  on  the  violin,  1845  ;  Musings  of 
a  musician,  a  series  of  popular  sketches 
(appeared  in  the  Musical  ]\  orld,  1845),  Lon- 
don, Simpkin,  ]Marshall  &  Co.,  1846,  several 
editions  ;  The  elements  of  Music  systematic- 
ally explained,  Jefferys,  1849.  Compositions 
for  orchestra  ;  songs,  and  pf.  pieces. 

Lunn,  Rev.  John  Robert,  clergyman 
and  composer,  born  at  Cleeve  Prior,  Worces- 
ter, ]\Iarch  8,  1831.  His  father  removing  to 
Biriningham  in  1834,  the  son  began  receiving 
instruction  in  organ  playing  from  G.  Hollins 
in  1835,  and  piano  lessons  from  W.  H.  Shar- 
man  in  1836.  He  opened  an  organ  at  Cleeve 
Prior  in  1838,  and  generally  displayed  remark- 
able musical  talent.  Educated  at  King 
Edward  VI.  Grammar  School ;  was  organist 
of  Edgbaston  Parish  Church,  1846-7.  Heard 
first  performance  of  "  Elijah,"  and  that  given 
in  April,  1847,  when  he  wrote  down  the  music 
of  "  Cast  thy  burden  "  as  it  was  being  sung, 
and  received  a  letter  of  commendation  from 
Mendelssohn,  perhaps  the  last  he  penned  in 
England.  Entered  Cambridge  L'niversity, 
1849,  gaining  various  scholarships.  Grad- 
uated B.A.  (fourth  wrangler)  1853  ;  M.A., 
1856.  Ordained  Deacon,  1855;  Priest,  1856. 
Was  Fellow,  and  Sadlerian  Lecturer,  St. 
John's  College  ;  Sometime  President  of  the 
University  Musical  Society,  and  frequently 
appearing  as  pianist  at  the  concerts,  intro- 
ducing Schumann's  Concerto,  March,  1862, 
its  first  performance  by  an  Englishman. 
Appointed  vicar  of  Marton-cum-Grafton, 
Yorks.,  1863.  At  the  consecration  of  the  new 
church,  January  11,  1876,  Schubert's  ^lass 
in  F  was  performed,  probably  for  the  first 
time  in  an  Anglican  church  {vide  Joseph 
Short).  Has  given  lectures  on  musical  sub- 
jects in  several  places,  and  also  pianoforte 
recitals,  doing  much  to  make  known  the 
works  of  J.  S.  Bach. 

Works. — Oratorio,   St.  Paulinus  of  York 


LYLE. 

(1892,  MS.)  ;  Two  Motets,  for  two  choirs  and 
organ  ;  ^lotet.  Heaven  is  my  throne,  eight- 
part  chorus  (MS.) ;  Service  in  E,  for  Holy 
Eucharist,  King's  Chapel,  Cambridge,  Novem- 
ber 1,  1861,  published.  Te  Deum  and 
Benedictus  in  E,  for  two  choirs  and  organ, 
Cambridge,  1862.  Priest's  part  for  Aylward's 
Responses;  Hymn  tunes,  etc.  Arrangements 
for  pf.,  4  hands  and  harmonium,  of  Bennett's 
Woman  of  Samaria,  and  other  works  ;  Organ 
arrangements,  etc.  Contributions  to  Smith's 
Dictionary  of  Christian  Antiquity,  Church 
Times,  etc.  ^Slemoir  of  Caleb  Parnham, 
Rector  of  Ufiord,  Surtees  Society,  1880. 

Lunn,  William  Arthur  Brown,  mu- 
sician, author  of  "  The  Sequential  Sj'stem  of 
Musical  Notation,"  London,  1844.  Fi%'e 
editions  to  1871.  This  was  published  under 
the  pseudonym  of  Arthur  Wallbridge.  He 
died  ill  London,  April  4,  1879. 

Lupo,  Thomas,  violinist  and  composer, 
who  flourished  in  the  reign  of  James  I.  He 
composed  masques,  anthems,  madrigals, 
songs  in  contemporary  collections,  and  con- 
tributed to  Leightou's  "  Teares."  His  father, 
Thomas  Lcpo,  was  a  member  of  Queen 
Elizabeth's  Band,  1579,  and  was  also  a 
composer. 

Lupton,  Rev.  James,  composer  and 
tenor  vocalist,  was  born  in  York,  1799,  and 
died  at  London,  December  21,  1873.  Chor- 
ister, York  Minster.  Ordained,  1824 ;  and 
in  1829  appointed  minor  canon  of  St.  Paul's, 
and  of  Westminster  Abbey.  He  did  much  to 
improve  the  status  of  the  vicars-choral.  He 
composed  church  and  secular  vocal  music. 

Lyall,  Charles,  tenor  vocalist,  was  a 
member  of  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company, 
from  1875,  for  a  number  of  years,  taking  light 
comedy  parts.  He  also  sang  in  the  Royal 
English  Opera  Compan)-,  1883,  etc.  He  is, 
perhaps,  better  known  as  a  caricaturist,  and 
his  cartoons  in  the  Musical  World,  Musical 
Herald,  and  other  papers,  have  afforded  much 
amusement. 

Lyie,  George  Edwin,  organist  of  Sher- 
borne Abbev,  is  the  composer  of  the  cantatas, 
"Nina,"  Sherborne,  1884;  "Enoch,"  Sher- 
borne Abbev,  No\ ember,  1884;  and  "St. 
Philip,"  Sherborne  Abbey,  May  10,  1888. 
Also  of  a  Festival  Te  Deum,  for  chorus,  organ, 
and  military  band,  performed  at  the  re- 
opening of  the  Abbey  organ,  November  9, 
1887.  He  is  conductor  of  the  Abbey  Choral 
Societj',  and  the  Sherborne  Philharmonic 
Society. 

LyIe,  James,  Durward  Lely.  tenor  voca- 
list, born  at  Arbroath,  Forfarshire,  in  1857. 
As  a  boy  he  entered  a  lawyer's  office  at  Blair- 
gowrie, and  learnt  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  method 
from  a  ^Ir.  Robertson.  Gaining  some  reputa- 
tion as  a  singer,  he  was,  by  the  aid  of  !Mr. 
Patrick  Allan  Fraser,  of  Hospitalfield,  enabled 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


257 


LYON. 

to  studj-  in  l\Iilan,  under  Sangiovanni,  Lam- 
perti,  and  others.  On  his  return  to  England 
he  sang  much  in  opera.  He  was  the  original 
Dcrn  Jose  in  "  Carmen,"  when  Miss  Emily 
Soldene  produced  the  work  in  1879,  in  English. 
He  also  sang  at  Her  Majesty's,  and  elsew'here, 
with  the  Carl  Rosa  Company,  1879-90.  A 
few  years  later  he  started,  with  his  wife, 
recitals  of  "  Scottish  Song  and  Story,"  which 
met  with  great  success  in  the  United  King- 
dom, Canada,  and  the  United  States.  In 
1896  he  was  on  tour  with  his  own  opera  com- 
pany, and  produced  Dr.  Greig's  opera,  "  Holy- 
rood,"  at  Glasgow,  in  October  of  that  year. 

Lyon,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
who  was  a  relative  of  Bernard  Gates.  He 
was  organist  of  St.  George's  Church,  Ratcliffe 
Highway,  London,  for  more  than  50  years. 
Died  at  London,  in  January,  1837,  from  the 
first  known  epidemic  of  virulent  influenza. 
He  composed  "  Six  canzonets,  and  a  glee  for 
4  voices,"  London  [1795] . 

Samuel  Thomas  Lyox,  probably  a  relative 
of  the  above,  composed  some  pianoforte  music, 
about  1808-1815. 

'Lysons,  Rev.  Daniel,  clergyman  and 
writer,  was  born  about  1760  ;  died  January  3, 
1834.  Author  of  "  History  of  the  origin  and 
progress  of  the  meeting  of  the  Three  Choirs 
of  Gloucester,  Worcester,  and  Hereford," 
Gloucester,  1819.  Second  edition  continued 
by  John  Amott  [see  that  name] ,  London, 
n.d.  [1864]  ;  continued  to  1894  by  C.  Lee 
Williams  (2.i;.),and  H.  Goodwin  Chance,  M.A., 
Gloucester,  Chance  and  Bland,  1895. 

Maas,  Joseph,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at 
Dartford,  Kent,  January  .30,  1847.  Of  Dutch 
descent,  his  father,  Joseph  Maas,  died  Novem- 
ber 6,  1888,  being  also  a  singer.  Chorister  in 
Rochester  Cathedral  from  1856,  studying  un- 
der J.  L.  Hopkins  and  later  under  Madame 
Bodda-Pyne.  When  his  voice  broke  he  be- 
came a  clerk  at  Chatham  dockyard.  In  1869 
he  went  to  Milan,  and  studied  under  San- 
giovanni. Made  his  debut  at  St.  James's 
Hall,  February  9,  1871,  at  one  of  Henry 
Leslie's  concerts;  sang  in  "  Babil  and  Bijou" 
at  Covent  Garden,  September,  1872.  He  then 
went  to  America  and  joined  the  Kellogg  Opera 
Company.  Joined  the  Carl  Rosa  Company  in 
1878,  remaining  with  it  some  years,  and  ap- 
pearing in  a  variety  of  parts.  First  sang  in 
Italian  Opera  at  Her  Majesty's,  May  15, 1880, 
in  "Faust  "  ;  and  took  the  part  of  Lohengrin 
at  Covent  Garden,  June  7,  1883.  In  the  con- 
cert room  he  speedily  became  popular;  and 
was  engaged  at  the  Birmingham  Festivals, 
1879  (Messiah),  to  1885  ;  Gloucester  and  Leeds, 
1880,  etc.  His  last  public  appe  ranee  was  at 
Nottingham,  December  31,  1885,  and  he  died 
in  London,  January  16, 1886.  He  was  buried 
at  West  Hampstead  Cemetery.   A  monument 


McBURNEY. 

over  his  grave  was  unveiled  February  20, 1887 ; 
and  a  "  Maas  Memorial  Prize"  was  instituted 
the  same  year,  for  the  encouragement  of  tenor 
vocalists. 

M'Allister,  Robert,  musician  and  teacher 
of  singing,  was  born  in  Glasgow,  February, 
1822.  Author  of  "  The  Art  of  Singing  at 
Sight  Simplified,"  1844;  "The  Art  of  Singing 
at  Sight ;  or,  a  Complete  Theoretical  and 
Practical  Vocal  Music  Instruction  Book,"  etc. 
Glasgow,  1848.  "  Easy  Introduction  to  the 
Key  Board  of  the  Pianoforte  or  Harmonium." 
Inventor  of  tbe  Tonic  Sliding  Scale  or  Musical 
Ladder  ;  Initial  Note  Notation  ;  Stave  Sol-fa 
Notation,  etc. 

Macbeth,  Allan,  composer,  pianist,  and 
conductor,  born  at  Greenock,  March  13, 1856. 
Sou  of  Norman  Macbeth,  A.R.S.A.  Educated 
in  Germany.  Studied  music  first  under 
Robert  Davidson,  and  Otto  Schweitzer,  Edin- 
burgh ;  and  later,  at  Leipzig  Conservatorium, 
under  E.  F.  Richter,  Reinecke,  and  Jadas- 
sohn, 1875-6.  Has  held  organ  appointments 
at  Albany  Street  Congregational  Chapel,  Edin- 
burgh, 1871 ;  Woodside  Established  Church, 
1882  ;  and  St.  George's  in  the  Fields,  Glasgow, 
1884.  He  was  choirmaster  of  the  Glasgow 
Choral  Union,  1880-7 ;  conductor  of  the  Green- 
ock Select  Choir,  1881 ;  and  the  Glasgow  Kyrle 
Choir  1884.  On  the  establishment  of  a  school 
of  music  at  the  Glasgow  Athenffium  in  1890,  he 
was  appointed  Principal,  an  office  he  retains. 

Works. — Operetta,  The  Duke's  Doctor 
(MS.);  Cantata,  The  Laud  of  Glory  (Prize, 
Glasgow  Society  of  Musicians),  produced 
Glasgow,  May,  1890 ;  Silver  Bells,  cantata ; 
Jubilee  Chorus,  Glasgow  Academy  Choir, 
1896.  Three  four-part  songs,  op.  26 ;  The 
Steerman's  song  ;  Near  thee,  still  near  thee  ; 
Queen  Dagmar's  Cross;  The  Waif;  My  heart, 
its  sorrows;  and  other  songs.  Arrangements 
of  Scotch  songs  for  four  voices,  etc.  In  mcm- 
oriam  for  orchestra ;  Forget  me  not.  Gavotte, 
orchestra,  Glasgow  Choral  Union,  1883  ;  In- 
termezzo, strings ;  Serenata;  Danse  Pizzicati; 
Ballet  de  la  Cour,  orchestra.  Trios,  pf.  and 
strings ;  Suite,  'cello,  and  pf.  Barcarolle,  op. 
25  ;  Berceuse;  Scherzino,  and  other  pieces  for 
pf .  Overture  and  incidental  music  to  a  drama, 
not  yet  produced. 

Macburney,  Charles,  see  Burney,  Chas, 

McBurney,  S.,  teacher  of  Tonic  Sol-fa, 
was  born  at  Glasgow.  Son  of  the  late  Isaac 
McBurney,  LL.D.  Studied  at  Glasgow  Uni- 
versity. 1864-6  ;  opened  a  school  at  Bathgate, 
near  Edinburgh  ;  but,  in  1870,  for  his  health's 
sake,  went  to  Australia,  where  he  has  made 
his  home.  For  some  years  held  various  posi- 
tions in  schools;  but,  having  studied  Tonic 
Sol-fa  in  his  youth  with  John  McLellan,  he 
began  to  devote  himself  more  to  music.  He 
spent  some  months  in  German}^  and  attended 
the  summer  session  of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  Col- 

Q 


258 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MACCABE. 

lege,  London  After  his  return  to  Australia 
he  founded  tiie  Victorian  Tonic  Sol-fa  Asso- 
ciation, and  was  its  first  president.  In  1890 
he  graduated  Mus.  liac.  and  Mus.  Doc,  Dub- 
lin. He  holds  the  office  of  Inspector  of  JIusic 
to  the  ^Melbourne  Educational  Department. 
He  has  composed  Ps.  103  for  soprano  solo, 
double  chorus,  and  orchestra;  school  cantatas, 
Christmas  Greeting;  Victoria;  Children's 
Festival ;  Ode  for  ilelbourne  Sunday  School 
Union,  etc. 

Maccabe,  Frederick,  tenor  vocalist,  ven- 
triloquist and  entertainer,  who  has  travelled 
all  over  Brit  in  and  the  colonies  with  a  mono- 
logue entertainment,  partly  musical,  partly 
ventriloquial.  He  also  sang  iu  coniir  opera, 
and  appeared  on  the  stage.  About  1860,  his 
entertainment  entitled  "  Begone  dull  care," 
was  produced  at  Dublin,  Loudon,  and  other 
towns.  He  has  composed  the  following  songs 
— Cease  thy  reposing.  Fluttering  on  the  line, 
Lady  rise.  Obstinate  man.  Oh  happy  days  of 
youth.  Radiant  stars.  Sailing  of  the  ship. 
Whisperings  of  hope,  etc.  Also  author  of 
"  Art  of  Ventriloquism,  including  directions 
to  learners,"  London,  1875.  "  Voice  produc- 
tion," Wolverhampton,  1893. 

MacCalla,  James,  composer  and  teacher, 
was  born  about  the  ^nd  of  last  centuiy.  He 
was  a  musician  in  London,  and  a  member  of 
the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians.  Died  Lon- 
don, April  3,  1847.  He  composed  "  Life,  a 
cantata,"  1840;  Songs,  pf.  music,  etc.,  and 
edited  "  The  Choir  and  Congregational  Part 
Book    .    .    ,"  Loudon,  [1844]. 

MacCann,  J.  H.,  concertina  player,  in 
business  as  a  concertina  maker,  at  Plymouth. 
Has  appeared  at  many  concerts  in  the  locality. 
Author  of  "New  method  of  instructions  for 
the  new  Chromatic  Duet  English  Concertina 
.    .    .    ,"  London   '1885]. 

MacCunn,  Hamish,  composer,  born  at 
Greenock,  March  22,  1868.  Son  of  James 
MacCunn,  shipowner,  of  Greenock.  Com- 
menced the  study  of  music  at  an  early  age, 
and  on  the  opening  of  the  R.C.M.,  in  1883, 
won  a  Scholarship  for  composition.  His 
principal  teacher  was  Dr.  Hubert  Parry.  The 
Scholarship  he  resigned  in  1886.  He  became 
known  as  a  composer  the  next  year,  through 
the  instrumentality  of  Mr.  August  Manns, 
and  in  1888,  received  a  commission  to  com- 
pose a  cantata  for  the  Glasgow  Choral  Union. 
In  May,  1888,  he  gave  a  series  of  Orchestral 
Concerts  in  the  studio  of  Mr.  John  Pettie, 
R.A.,  whose  daughter  he  married  in  June, 
1889.  He  was  appointed  a  Professor  of  Har- 
mony at  the  R.A.5l.,  in  1888,  a  post  he  held 
until  1894  In  1892,  he  was  conductor  of  the 
Hampstead  Conservatoire  Orchestral  Societ}'. 
He  has  conducted  performances  of  his  com- 
positions in  different  places. 

WoBKs. — Operas:  Jeanie  Deans  (Jos.  Ben- 


MACDONALD. 

nett),  produced,  Carl  Rosa  Company,  Edin- 
burgh, November  15, 1894  ;  and  Diarmid  and 
Ghrin^  (Marquis  of  Lome),  composed  1896. 
Cantatas,  etc.:  Bounj'  Kilmeny,  op.  2,  1888; 
Lord  Ullin's  Daughter,  op.  4,  Crystal  Palace, 
February  18, 1888;  The  Lay  of  the  Lasi  Mins- 
trel, Glasgow  Choral  L'nion,  December  18, 
1888 ;  The  Cameronian's  Dream,  op.  10, 
Edinburgh,  January  27,  1890  ;  Psahn  8,  com- 
posed for  opening  of  Edinburgh  Exhibition, 
May  1,  1890  ;  Queen  Hyude  of  Caledon,  Glas- 
gow, January  28,  1892  ;  The  death  of  Parry 
Reed,  men's  chorus  and  orchestra.  Orches- 
tral: Overture,  Cior  Mhor,  Greenock,  January 
22,  1887 ;  Concert  overture.  Land  of  the 
mouutain  and  the  flood,  Crystal  Palace,  No- 
vember 5,  1887  ;  Orchestral  ballad.  The  Ship 
o'  the  fiend,  Henschel  Concerts,  February  9^. 
1888  ;  Ballad  overture,  The  Dowie  Dens  0' 
Yarrow,  Crystal  Palace,  October  13,  1888; 
Highland  memories,  3  pieces.  Songs :  To 
Julia,  weeping;  Pour  forth  the  wine;  Ave 
Maria  (The  Lady  of  the  lake) ;  Six  love 
lyrics  ;  Six  songs  (Lady  Lindsay) ;  Six  songs 
( Robert  Bridge ) ;  Album  of  seven  songs  (George 
^Macdonald) ;  Part-songs,  etc."  Pieces  for  'cello 
and  pf .     Set  of  six  Scotch  dances  for  pf .,  etc. 

Macdonald,  Alexander,  musician  of  last 
half  of  18th  and  early  part  of  present  centu- 
ries. He  was  joint  music-master  of  Heriot's 
Hospital,  Edinburgh,  1807-10,  with  Archibald 
^lacdonald,  his  father,  or  other  relative  ;  and 
held  the  post  of  precentor  of  Old  Greyfriar's 
Church,  Edinburgh,  from  1804  to  1817.  He 
compiled  "  A  new  collection  of  Vocal  Music, 
containing  Church  tunes,  anthems,  and  songs 
for  the  use  of  the  several  hospitals  of  this 
city,"  Edinburgh,  1807.  He  is  also,  in  all 
probability,  the  author  of  "  The  Notation  of 
Music  simplified,  or  the  development  of  a 
system  in  which  the  characters  employed 
in  the  notation  of  language  are  applied  to  the 
notation  of  music,"  Glasgow,  1826. 

Macdonald,  Donald,  musician,  who  flou- 
rished at  the  end  of  last  and  beginning  of  the 
present  century.  Compiler  of  a  "  Collection 
of  the  ancient  martial  music  of  Caledonia, 
called  Piobaireachd,  as  performed  on  the 
great  Highland  bagpipe,  adapted  to  the  piano- 
forte and  violoncello,  with  some  old  Highland 
lilts,  etc,"  Edinburgh,  n.d.  This  work  in- 
cludes a  tutor  for  the  bagpipe.  A  collection 
of  Macdonald's  quicksteps,  strathspeys,  reels, 
and  jigs  was  issued  by  Messrs.  J.  &  R.  Glen, 
of  Edinburgh. 

Macdonald,  John  Denis,  M.D.  and 
F.R.S.  Held  various  public  appointments, 
and  was  inspector-general  of  hospitals  and 
fleets,  1880-6.  Author  of  "  Sound  and  colour, 
their  relations,  analogies  and  haiTnonies,"  Lon- 
don, 1869.    "Naval  Hygiene,"  1881,  etc. 

Macdonald,  Lieutenant^Col.  John, 
musician  and  writer,  born  iu  1759.     Son  of 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


259 


MAC  DONALD. 

Flora  Macdonald,  the  Scottish  heroine,  and 
Macdonald  of  Kingshurgh,  Skye.  He  entered 
the  service  of  the  East  India  Company,  and 
held  various  other  military  and  scientific 
appointments.  Fellow  of  Roval  Societv  in 
1800.  He  died  at  Exeter,  August  16,  1831. 
He  published  a  number  of  works  on  military 
tactics,  telegraphy,  and  a  "Treatise  explana- 
torj-  of  the  principles  constituting  the  Practice 
and  Theory  of  the  Aloloncello,"  1811.  Also  a 
"  Treatise  on  the  Harmonic  System,  arising 
from  the  Vibrations  of  the  aliquot  division  of 
strings,"  1822. 

Macdonald,  Joseph,  musician,  born 
Strathnaver,  February  26, 1739 ;  died  in  India, 
1762.  Author  of  "  A  Collection  of  Bagpipe 
Music,"  Edinburgh,  1803.  He  assisted  his 
^  'other  Patrick  in  the  compilation  of  his  col- 
lection. His  "Treatise  on  the  theory  of  the 
Scots  Highland  bagpipe  "  is  published  in  the 
collection  of  1803,  which  was  edited  by  Pat- 
rick— see  below. 

Macdonald,  Keith  Norman,  amateur 
musician  and  violinist,  was  born  in  Skye, 
November  23,  1834.  He  is  a  doctor  by  pro- 
fession. Editor' of  "The  Skye  Collection  of 
the  best  Reels,  Strathspej's,  etc.,  arranged  for 
the  violin  and  pianoforte,"  1887  ;  2  editions 
in  the  same  year. 

McDonald,  Malcolm,  composer  and 
violoncello  player,  who  lived  in  the  latter  part 
of  the  18th  century.  He  resided  at  Inver, 
in  Dunkeld  Parish,  and  played  the  violoncello 
in  Niel  Gow's  band.  He  is  said  to  have  died 
at  Inver.  He  published  "  A  collection  of 
Strathspey  reels,  with  a  bass  for  the  violon- 
cello or  harpsichord,"  Edinburgh,  1788.  He 
also  issued  three  other  collections  of  the  same 
kind  ;  1789,  1792,  etc. 

Macdonald,  Patrick,  musician  and  clergy- 
man, was  born  at  Durness  in  Strathnaver, 
April  22,  1729.  He  was  educated  at  Aberdeen 
University,  and  licensed  as  minister  in  1756. 
Presented  to  the  living  of  Kilmore,  in  Argyle- 
shire,  1756.  He  died  at  Kilmore,  September 
25,  1824.  With  the  assistance  of  Joseph  Mac- 
donald, his  brother,  he  compiled  "A  Collec- 
tion of  Highland  Vocal  Airs,  never  hitherto 
published,  to  which  are  added  a  few  of  the 
most  lively  Country  Dances,  or  Reels,  of  the 
North  Highlands  and  -Western  Isles ;  and 
some  specimens  of  Bagpipe  IMusic,"  Edin- 
burgh, 1784. 

Macdonald,  Robert  Houston,  organist. 
Educated  at  R.A.M.  Won  Henry  Smart 
Scholarship,  1890.  In  1893  he  was  ap- 
pointed organist  and  choirmaster,  Presby- 
terian Church,  Kimberley,  S.  Africa  ;  and  in 
1895,  Borough  organist,  Durban,  Natal. 

Mace,  Thomas,  writer  and  musician, 
born  in  1619.  Clerk  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge.  Married,  1636.  He  died  in  1709, 
aged  90. 


MACFARLANE. 

Works. — Musick's  Monument ;  or,  a  Re- 
membrancer of  the  Best  Practical  Musick, 
both  Divine  and  Civil,  that  has  ever  been 
known  to  have  been  in  the  World.  Divided 
into  Three  Parts.  The  First  Part  shows  a 
necessity  of  Singing  Psalms  well  in  Parochial 
Churches,  or  not  to  sing  at  all.  .  .  .  The 
Second  Part  treats  of  the  Noble  Lute  (the 
Best  of  Instruments).  In  the  Third  Part, 
the  generous  Viol  in  its  Rightest  use,  is 
treated  upon.  Lond.,  1676  [portrait] .  Mace 
invented  a  Dyphoue  or  Double  Lute  of  50 
strings,  and  a  table-organ. 

M'Fadyen,  John,  musician  and  publisher 
in  Wilson  Street,  Glasgow,  in  succession  to 
Aird,  in  early  part  of  the  present  century. 
He  died  at  Glasgow,  March  8,  1837.  Pub- 
lished collections  entitled.  The  Repository 
of  Scots  and  Irish  Airs,  Strathspeys,  Reels, 
etc.,  Glasgow,  n.d.;  Miscellaneous  Collection 
of  the  best  English  and  Irish  Songs,  Glasgow, 
n.d.  ;  Selection  of  Scotch,  English,  Irish,  and 
Foreign  Airs,  adapted  for  the  Fife,  Violin,  or 
German  Flute,  6  vols.  Dedicated  to  the 
Volunteers  and  defensive  bands  of  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland  (c,  1800)  ;  Collection  of 
Highland  Strathspey  Reels. .  .  Glas.,  n.d.,  etc. 
He  kept  a  music  circulating  library  in 
Glasgow. 

His  son,  Joseph  Taylor  M'Fadyen  (1807 
— Dec.  25,  1856)  was  also  a  publisher  in 
Glasgow,  and  another  son,  James  (c.  1805- 
1850),  a  distinguished  botanist,  poet  and 
musician,  was  curator  of  the  Botanical  Gar- 
dens, Kingston,  Jamaica,  and  died  there 
during  the  cholera  epidemic  of  1850. 

Macfarlane,  George,  band-master  and 
writer,  was  a  member  of  the  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire's private  band.  Author  of  "  Cornopecen 
Instructor,  containing  the  elementary  Prin- 
ciples of  Music,  together  with  Exercises, 
Preludes,  Airs,  and  Duetts  in  every  key  in 
which  the  Instrument  is  playable  with  effect," 
Lond.,  n.d.  ;  Two  Fantasias  for  cornet  and 
pf.  f  1860] ;  Waltzes  and  other  dance  music. 

Macfarlane,  John  Reid,  Scottish  com- 
poser, was  born  in  1800.  Precentor  in  the 
Outer  High  Church,  Glasgow,  1824-28.  After- 
wards settled  in  London  as  a  teacher.  He 
died  in  the  Middlesex  Hospital,  London, 
June  10,  1841.  Composed  a  number  of  glees, 
psalm  tunes,  etc.  Brother  of  Thomas  ^l&c- 
farlaue  noted  below.  He  edited  "  Harmonia 
Sacra,  a  Selection  of  Sacred  Music,  Ancient 
and  Modern,  in  four  parts,"  Glasgow,  n.d. 
[1835]. 

Macfarlane,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Horsham,  Sussex,  about  Novem- 
ber, 1808.  Son  of  Duncan  Macfarlane,  a  fine 
bass  singer,  who  played  the  French  horn  in 
the  Ayrshire  Militia.  Pupil  of  Andrew 
Thomson,  music-teacher,  Glasgow,  and  after- 
wards under  J.  B.  Cramer,  Herz,  Bergotti, 


200 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MACFARREN. 

and  ]\I.  Garcia.  Organist  of  the  Old  Episcopal 
Chapel,  Glasgow,  1827,  where  he  remained 
five  or  six  years;  of  St.  Mary's  E^Mscopal 
Church  till  1834  ;  and  of  St.  Jude's  Episcopal 
Church  till  about  1857.  Precentor  of  Park 
Church,  1859-1866.  He  was  conductor  of  the 
Glasgow  Amateur  ]\Iusical  Society,  and  it  was 
under  him  the  first  performance  of  Handel's 
"Messiah"  was  given  in  Glasgow,  on  April  2, 
ISM.  He  removed  to  London  about  1869-70, 
and  was  harmoniumist  in  Camden  Road 
Presbyterian  Church,  1871-1882 ;  and  con- 
ductor of  the  Camden  Road  Choral  Society 
for  a  time.  He  retired  from  all  professional 
work  in  1882.  He  compiled  Congregational 
Psalmody  of  St.  Jude's  Church,  Glasgow, 
n.d. ;  Selection  of  Sacred  Music,  containing  a 
Selection  of  Psalm  and  Hynni  Tunes,  Chaunts, 
Te  Deums,  etc. ;  Park  Church  Psahnody, 
Glasgow,  1860;  The  Chorale  and  Supplement- 
ary Psalmody,  a  Selection  of  Ancient  German 
and  other  Chorales  . .  Glasgow,  n.d.  ;  The 
Scripture  Chant  Book.  .Glasgow,  n.d.  Songs 
in  "  Lyric  Gems  of  Scotland,"  etc. 

Macfarren,  Sir  George  Alexander, 
composer,  author,  and  professor,  born  in 
London,  March  2,  1813.  He  studied  under 
his  father,  George  Macfarren  (1788-1843),  the 
dramatist,  and  under  Charles  Lucas  in  1827, 
and  Cipriani  Potter  at  the  R.A.M.,  1829.  In 
1834  he  became  a  professor  at  the  R.A.M., 
and  on  IMarch  16,  1875,  was  appointed  Pro- 
fessor of  IMusic  at  Cambridge  University. 
He  was  ilus.  Bac.  and  Doc.  ^lus.,  Cantab., 
in  April,  1876.  He  became  Principal  of 
R.A.M.  in  1876,  and  was  knighted  in  1883. 
He  died  in  London,  October  31,  1887.  For 
many  years  he  was  blind. 

WoKKs. — Operas :  Devil's  opera  (libretto  by 
Geo.  ^Macfarren),  English  Opera  House,  Lon- 
don, August  13,  1838;  Don  Quixote  (G.  Mac- 
farren), Drury  Lane,  1846  ;  King  Charles  the 
Second  (D.  Ryan),  Princess'  Theatre,  October 
27, 1849;  The  sleej)er  awakened  (J.  Oxenford), 
H.M.  Theatre,  1850;  Robin  Hood  (J.  Oxen- 
fordi,  H.M.  Theatre,  1860;  Jessy  Lea  (J.  Oxen- 
ford),  Gallery  of  Illustration,  1863  ;  She  stoops 
to  conquei'  (E.  Fitzball),  Covent  Garden,  1864 ; 
Soldier's  Legacy  (J.  Oxenford),  Gallery  of 
Illustration,  1864  ;  Helvellyn  (J.  Oxenford), 
Covent  Garden,  1864 ;  Prince  of  Modena  (MS.); 
Caractacus(MS.);  El  Malhechor  (MS.);  Allan 
of  Aberfeldy  (MS.).  Masqjies:  Emblematical 
tribute,  on  Her  Majesty's  marriage  (G.  Mac- 
farren), Drury  Lane,  1840;  Freya's  Gift 
(J.  Oxenford),  on  marriage  of  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  Covent  Garden,  1863.  Farces  avd 
Melodramas :  Mrs.  G.,  Queen's  Theatre,  1831; 
Maid  of  Switzerland,  Queen's  Theatre,  1832  ; 
Genevieve,  1834 ;  I  and  my  Double,  1835 ; 
Old  oak  tree,  1835  (English  Opera  House) ; 
If  the  cap  fit  ye,  wear  it,  1836  ;  Innocent  sins, 
1836 ;    Love  among  the  roses,  1839 ;    Agnes 


MACFARREN. 

Bernduer,  18.39.  Oratorios :  St.  John  the 
Baptist,  Bristol  Festival,  October  23,  1873; 
Resurrection,  Birmingham  Festival,  1876; 
Joseph,  Leeds  Festival,  1877 ;  King  David, 
Leeds  Festival,  1883.  Cantatas :  Lenora 
(Biirger-Oxenford),  Harmonic  Union,  1853; 
May  Day  (Oxenford ),  Bradford  Festival,  1856 ; 
Christmas  (Oxenford),  London,  1860;  Songs- 
in  a  cornfield  (Christina  Rossetti),  ]868  ; 
Outward  Bound  (Oxenford),  Norwich  Festival, 
1872;  Lady  of  the  Lake  (Scott  adapted), 
Glasgow  Festival,  November  15,  1877;  St. 
George's  Te  Deum,  Crystal  Palace,  1884. 
Church  Music :  Choral  Service  in  E  flat ; 
Unison  Service  in  G  ;  Fifty-two  Introits  or 
short  anthems  for  holy  days  and  seasons  of 
the  church ;  Two-part  anthems  for  female 
and  male  voices,  and  for  female  voices  alone  ; 
Numerous  single  anthems  ;  Hpnns  in  Angli- 
can Hymn  Book,  etc. ;  Chants,  etc.  Secular 
Vocal  Music:  Six  convivial  glees  for  3 ■voices; 
Fifteen  Shakspere  Songs  for  4  voices  (1860-64); 
Three  four-part  songs  for  male  voices ;  Six 
four-part  songs  (by  Chas.  Kingsley) ;  Six  four- 
part  songs  (by  Herrick) ;  Three  madrigals ; 
Numerous  detached  four-part  songs,  trios, 
duets,  etc.  So7igs  and  ballads  :  Four  songs, 
from  Lane's  "  Arabian  Nights  "  ;  Two  songs 
with  clarionet  accomp.  ;  Three  songs  with 
flute  accomp.  ;  Four  songs  from  Tennyson's 
"Idylls";  Three  songs  from  Heine;  Six 
songs  from  Lewis  Morris'  ■'  Gwen  "  ;  Numer- 
ous detached  songs.  Symi^honirs :  No.  1  in  G 
(1828) ;  No.  2  in  D  minor ;  No.  3  in  F  minor; 
No.  4  in  A  minor  (1834) ;  No  5  in  B  flat ; 
No.  6  in  C  sharp  minor  ;'  No.  7  in  D  ;  No.  8 
in  E  minor.  Concert  Overtures  .•  E  flat ; 
Merchant  of  Venice ;  Romeo  and  Juliet ; 
Chevy  Chase  (1836) ;  Don  Carlos  ;  Hamlet ; 
Festival ;  Idyll  in  memory  of  Sir  Sterndale 
Bennett ;  Concerto  for  pf.  and  orchestra,  in 
C  minor ;  Concerto  for  flute  and  orchestra, 
in  G  ;  Concerto  for  violin  and  orchestra,  in  G 
minor.  Concerted  Music,  Instrumental  : 
Quintet  for  pf .  and  strings  in  G  minor ;  Quin- 
tet for  concertina  and  strings  in  A;  Six 
Quartets  for  strings  in  G  minor,  C,  A,  F,  G 
minor  and  G  ;  Trio  for  pf.,  violin,  and  'cello, 
in  E  ;  Trio  for  pf.,  flute,  and  'cello,  in  A  ; 
Sonatas  for  violin  and  pf.  in  A  and  C  ;  Sonata 
for  flute  and  pf.  in  B  flat.  Organ :  Sonata 
in  C.  Pianoforte :  Sonatas  in  E  flat,  A, 
G  minor,  D,  F  minor,  B  flat,  E,  and  C  minor, 
etc.  Violin  .■  Five  romances  for  violin  and 
pf.,  etc.  Literary  and  Theoretical  Works: 
Little  Clarina's  Lesson  Book,  185.3-55  ;  Rudi- 
ments of  Harmony.  .London,  1860  (14  eds.) ; 
Six  Lectures  on  Harmony.  .London,  1867, 
3rd  ed.,  1880;  On  the  Structure  of  a  Sonata, 
London,  1871 ;  Eighty  musical  sentences  to 
illustrate  chromatic  chords,  London,  1875  ; 
Counterpoint,  a  practical  course  of  study, 
London,  1879 ;  Musical  history  briefly  narrated 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


261 


MACFAEREN. 

•and  technicallydiscussed,  London,  1885  (from 
the  "  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,"  9th  ed.)  ; 
Analyses  of  oratorios,  etc.,  for  concert  pro- 
grams; Addresses  and  lectures  at  R.A.M.  ; 
Musical  biographies  in  "  Imperial  Dictionary 
of  Biography  "  ;  Grove's  "  Dictionary  of 
Music,"  etc.  Collections,  or  Edited  Works  : 
■Old  English  Ditties,  2  vols. ;  Songs  of  England 
(Chappell) ;  Old  Scottish  Ditties ;  Moore's 
Irish  Melodies ;  British  Vocal  Album ; 
Editions  of  Purcell's  "Dido  and  Eneas," 
Handel's  "Belshazzar,"  "Judas Maccabeus," 
"  Jephtha,"  and  "  Messiah."  See  "  George 
A.  Macfarren,  his  life,  works,  and  influence," 
by  H.  C.  Banister,  London,  1891. 

Macfarren,  Natalia,  bom  Axdreae, 
vocalist  and  teacher,  wife  of  the  foregoing, 
was  born  at  Liibeck.  She  has  translated  a 
number  of  opera  libretti,  and  written  a  Vocal 
School,  and  an  "Elementary  Course  of  Vocal- 
ising and  Pronouncing  the  E  nglish  Language, ' ' 
London,  n.d. 

Macfarren,  Mrs.  John,  bom  Emma 
Marie  Bennett,  pianist,  composer,  and  lec- 
turer, boru  in  London,  June  19,  1824.  Began 
her  musical  studies  at  an  early  age,  her 
teachers  being  W.  H.  Kearns,  and  later, 
Madame  Dulcken.  Composition  she  studied 
under  (Sir)  G.  A.  Macfarren.  In  1816  she 
married  Mr.  John  Macfarren,  a  brother  of 
Sir  George,  and  the  couple  went  to  New  York, 
oremaining  in  the  United  States  three  years. 
Her  talent  was  duly  recognised  there,  but 
home  associations  drew  her  back  to  London. 
She  gave  her  first  concert  at  the  New  Beet- 
hoven Rooms,  April  12,  1851,  playing  in 
W.  H.  Holmes's  quartet  for  four  pianists 
"  Uno  Romance  de  Deux  ^linutes,"  with  the 
•composer,  Arabella  Goddard,  and  William 
Dorrell.  Cipriani  Potter  and  Sterndale 
Bennett  also  played  at  this  concert — a  remark- 
able gathering  of  pianists.  ^Musical  matint^es 
were  th  ju  given  annually,  and  also  concerts 
in  the  suburbs,  up  to  the  year  1883.  In  1860 
'  Mrs.  Macfarren  first  appeared  as  a  lecturer  at 
■St.  James's  Hall.  These  lectures  were  virtu- 
ally pianoforte  recitals,  with  remarks  on  the 
works  performed,  written  expressly  for  her  by 
G.  A.  Macfarren.  Thej'  were  extended  over 
many  years,  and  also  given  in  the  provinces. 
Under  the  nom-de-plume  of  Jules  Brissac 
she  produced  a  great  number  of  pf.  pieces, 
amongst  the  most  popular  being  "Bonnie 
Scotland,"  and  a  "  Valse  de  Bravoure." 
From  1883  her  time,  was  devoted  exclusively 
to  teaching  and  writing,  and  she  died  in 
London,  after  a  brief  but  painful  illness,  on 
November  9,  1895. 

Macfarren,  Walter  Cecil,  pianist  and 
composer,  brother  of  Sir  George,  was  born  in 
London,  August  28,  1826.  Chorister  at  West- 
minster Abbey,  1836-41,  under  James  Turle ; 
and  pupil  of  R.A.M.,  1842-6,  studying  piano- 


McGIBBON. 

forte  under  W.  H.  Holmes,  and  composition 
under  his  brother,  and  Cipriani  Potter. 
During  his  student  days  he  played  a  duet 
with  W.  H.  Holmes  at  one  of  H.  J.  Banister's 
quartet  concerts,  March  .30,  1844  ;  and  on  the 
26th  of  April  following  was  introduced  as  a 
composer  by  a  Pf .  trio,  at  the  G.  A.  Macfarren 
and  Davidson  concerts.  In  1845  other  works 
were  produced  by  the  Society  of  British 
Musicians.  In  1846,  he  was  appointed  a 
professor  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  his  50th  year  in 
that  office  was  marked,  in  1896,  by  a  present- 
ation from  past  and  present  pupils.  He 
conducted  the  Academy  concerts,  1873-80. 
F.R.A.il.  For  many  years  he  was  connected 
with  the  Philharmonic  Society  as  director 
and  treasurer,  having  been  elected  an  Associate 
in  1849.  He  gave  a  series  of  orchestral  con- 
certs in  1882,  conducting  the  whole  from 
memory.  His  pianoforte  recitals  and  lectures 
have  been  numerous,  and  have  been  given  in 
London,  Bristol,  and  other  places  ;  and  many 
of  his  pupils  have  attained  high  positions. 

Works. — Symphony  in  B  flat,  composed, 
1879,  produced,  Brighton  Festival,  1880. 
Overtures:  A  Winter's  Tale  (1844);  Taming 
of  the  Shrew  (1845)  ;  Beppo  (1847) ;  Pastoral 
(1878) ;  Hero  and  Leander,  composed,  1878, 
produced,'  Brighton  Festival,  1879,  Crystal 
Palace  and  Philharmonic,  1880;  Henry  V., 
Norwich  Festival,  1881 ;  Othello,  composed, 
1895,  performed,  Queen's  Hall,  February  16, 
and  at  Bristol  Festival,  October  14,  1896. 
Concertstiick  in  E,  pf.  and  orchestra,  Brighton 
Festival,  1881.  Three  trios,  pf.,  violin  and 
'cello ;  Two  sonatas,  pf.  and  violin ;  Sonata, 
pf .  and  'cello  ;  four  Romances,  pf .  and  violin. 
Pianoforte  :  24  Studies  in  Style  and  Tech- 
nique ;  40  Preludes,  in  all  keys,  as  studies  in 
the  art  of  Improvisation  ;  two  sets,  12  studies. 
Comprehensive  Scale  and  Arpeggio  manual, 
Ashdown  ;  Pf.  Method,  R.  Cocks.  Three 
Suites  de  Pieces,  in  D  minor,  E  flat,  and  C. 
Allegro  appassionato ;  Toccata  in  C  minor ; 
and  an  immense  number  of  pieces  as  Taran- 
tallas.  Mazurkas,  Valses,  Nocturnes,  Im- 
promptus, etc.  Vocal :  Cantata  for  female 
voices,  The  Song  of  the  Sunbeam.  Morning 
and  Evening  service  in  A ;  Evening  Service 
in  C  ;  anthem.  Praise  ye  the  Lord ;  Tunes  in 
Hymns  Ancient  and  Modern,  and  other  Col- 
lections. Daybreak ;  An  emigrant's  song ; 
Autumn ;  You  stole  my  love ;  Bells  across 
the  sea ;  Who  is  Sylvia  ? ;  and  other  part- 
:  songs.  Six  sacred  songs ;  A  widow  bird  sat 
mourning  ;  Awake,  O  heart ;  Ah  !  sweet,  thou 
I  little  knowest ;  and  other  songs.  Editor  of 
j  Mozart's  Pf.  Works;  Beethoven's  Sonatas; 
I  Popular  Classics ;  ^Nloi-ceaux  Classiques,  etc. 
McGibbon,  William,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  about  the  beginning  of  the 
I  18th  century.  Son  of  Matthew  McGibbon, 
I  oboe  player,  who  performed  at  the  St.  Cecilia 


262 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


McGILL. 

concert,  Edinburgh,  in  1695.  He  studied  the 
violin  under  Corbet,  of  London.  Leader  of 
Gentlemen's  Concerts  at  Edinburgh,  and 
teacher  there.  He  died  at  Edinburgh,  Oct- 
ober 3,  1756. 

Works. — Six  Sonatos  or  Solos  for  a  German 
Flute  or  Violin,  Edinburgh,  1740;  .\  Collec- 
tion of  Scots  Tunes,  some  with  variations  for 
a  violin,  hautbois,  or  German  flute,  with  a 
bass  for  a  violoncello  or  harpsichord — Book  1, 
1742  ;  Book  2,  1746 ;  Book  3,  1755.  Original 
dances,  and  some  flute  music. 

McQill,  John,  composer,  born  in  Ayrshire, 
in  1707.  He  was  an  associate  of  John  Riddell, 
of  Ayr,  but  is  supposed  to  have  been  an  itin- 
erant musician  in  some  of  the  towns  of  Ayr- 
shire. He  composed  the  tune  now  associated 
with  the  song  called  "  Come  under  my  plaidie." 

M'Glashan,  Alexander,  violinist,  who 
flourished  in  Edinburgh  about  the  end  of  last 
century.  He  was  the  leader  of  a  fashionable 
band,  in  Edinburgh,  and  gave  concerts.  He 
was  nicknamed  "  King  ^M'Glashan,"  on  account 
of  his  fine  personal  appearance.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  in  May,  1797.  He  published  "  A 
Collection  of  Strathspey  Reels,  with  a  bass  for 
the  violoncello  or  harpsichord,"  1778 ;  A  Col- 
lection of  Scots  Measures,  Hornpipes,  Jigs, 
Allemands,  Cotillons,  and  the  fashionable 
Country  Dances,  with  the  bass  for  the  violon- 
cello or  harpsichord,  Edinburgh  [1778] . 

MacQlashan,  John,  a  teacher  of  the  piano, 
and  collector,  who  flourished  in  Edinburgh, 
about  1798-1812,  was  probably  a  relative  of 
the  above.  He  published  "  A  Collection  of 
Strathspev  Reels  for  the  pianoforte,  violin,  or 
German  flute,"  Edinlmrgh,  1798. 

M'Guckin,  Barton,  tenor  vocalist,  born 
at  Dublin,  July  28,  1853.  At  the  age  of  ten 
he  became  a  choir  boy  at  Armagh  Cathedral, 
and  Robert  Turle  taught  him  singing,  piano- 
forte, and  organ.  In  1871,  he  gained  the  post 
of  first  tenor  at  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dub- 
lin, and  also  at  Trinity  College.  He  then 
studied  under  Joseph  Robinson.  After  singing 
at  concerts  in  Dublin,  and  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  1874-5,  he  went  to  ]\Iilan,  and  studied 
under  Trevulsi.  On  his  return  he  sang  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  October  28,  1876 ;  and  at  the 
Ancient  Concert  Room,  Dublin,  November 
28.  Then  followed  engagements  in  many 
places.  His  Festival  work  dates  from  1879, 
at  Hereford ;  he  sang  at  Bristol  Festival  the 
same  year  ;  Norwich,  1881 ;  Leeds,  1886,  etc. 
He  made  his  debut  in  opera,  at  the  Theatre 
Royal,  September  10,  1880,  as  Thaddeus,  in 
Baife's  "  The  Bohemian  Girl,"  and  since  that 
time  up  to  1896,  as  a  member  of  the  Carl 
Rosa  Company,  has  appeared  in  a  variety  of 
parts.  He  also  sang  in  opera  in  New  York, 
1887-8.  His  brother,  Albert  M'Guckin,  is 
a  baritone  singer,  and  has  been  heard  in  opera 
and   concerts.     He   married,   in    1892,   Miss 


MACINTYRE. 

Lucille  Saunders,  an  American  mezzo-soprano ; 
and  in  1893,  with  his  wife,  went  to  America. 

Machardy,  James  M.  P.,  musician  and 
teacher,  is  a  native  of  Edinburgh.  Brother 
of  the  undernoted.  Author  of  "  The  Rudi- 
ments of  Music,  as  it  ought  to  be  studied, 
vocal  and  instrumental,"  n.d. 

Machardy,  Robert,  composer  and  teacher, 
born  at  Edinburgh,  September  10, 1848.  Has 
composed  "The  Woodland  Witch,"  a  dram- 
atic cantata;  "Hymn  of  the  Seasons,"  can- 
tatina  ;  some  songs  and  pf .  pieces  ;  and  edited 
for  some  time  The  Scottish  Musical  Times, 
now  defunct.  Author  of  •'  Progressive  Piano- 
forte Playing,"  n.d.;  "Progressive  Sight- 
Singing."  n.d. 

Machin,  William,  bass  singer,  born  at 
Birmingham  in  1798.  He  was  a  chorister  in 
Lichfield  Cathedral,  and  oti  the  recommend- 
ation of  Sir  Robert  Peel  was  appointed  to  the 
Chapel  Royal,  London  ;  and  he  afterwards 
sang  at  the  Temple  Church  and  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral.  He  sang  at  the  Birmingham 
Festivals  from  1834  to  1849.  Died  at  Hands- 
worth,  in  September,  1870. 

Machray,  Alexander,  amateur  musician, 
born  at  Aberdeen,  June  7,  1837.  He  studied 
music  under  Richard  Latter  and  W.  R. 
Broomfield.  From  1855  to  1876  he  was 
leader  of  psalmody  in  the  East  Church, 
Aberdeen,  and  was  Secretary  of  the  Aberdeen 
Choral  Union,  etc.  He  is  an  advocate  in 
Aberdeen.  Compiler  of  "The  Scottish  Psalm- 
ist, a  manual  of  standard  and  choice  psalm 
and  hymn  tunes  for  christian  worship," 
Aberdeen,  1876. 

Mclntyre,  Duncan,  musician  and  danc- 
ing master,  born  about  1765.  He  was  a 
teacher  of  dancing  in  London  in  latter  part 
of  last  century.  He  died  at  London  or 
Calcutta  about  1806-7.  Compiled  a  "Collec- 
tion of  slow  airs.  Reels,  and  Strathspeys,  etc.," 
London,  1795.  He  lived  at  22,  Great  Marl- 
borough Street,  London,  as  a  teacher  of  Scotch 
dancing.  According  to  Mr.  John  Glen  this 
Mclntyre  went  to  India,  probably  as  master 
of  ceremonies  to  the  Governor-General's  court 
at  Calcutta. 

Macintyre,  Margaret,  soprano  vocalist, 
of  Scottish  descent,  born  in  India.  Daughter 
of  General  John  ^Mackenzie  ^Macintyre,  R.A. 
Studied  as  an  amateur  at  the  Brighton  branch 
of  the  London  Academy  of  Music,  and  occa- 
sionally sang  at  the  Academy  concerts,  notably 
when  Liszt  attended  the  performance  of  his 
oratorio,  "St.  Elizabeth,"  bv  the  students,  at 
St.  James's  Hall,  April  7,  1886.  She  studied 
under  Manuel  Garcia,  and  ]Madame  Delia 
Yalle,  and  declamation  with  ]\Iiss  Carlotta 
Leclercq.  She  made  her  debut  at  Covent 
Garden,  May  14, 1888,  as  Micaela  in  "Carmen," 
and  has  since  sung  in  a  variety  of  parts  there. 
She  appeared  with  success  at  Milan,  1893  ; 


BFJTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


263 


MACIRONE. 

toured  in  South  Africa ;  and  was  engaged  for 
the  grand  opera,  St.  Petersburg,  1896-7. 
Her  first  important  concert  appearance  was 
at  Edinburgh,  December,  1888,  since  when 
she  has  been  heard  at  all  the  chief  concerts. 
She  sang  at  the  Leeds  Festival,  1889 ;  Bir- 
mingham, 1891,  in  "Elijah";  at  the  Handel 
Festival,  1891,  etc.,  and  is  recognised  as  an 
artist  of  high  attainments. 

Macirone,  Clara  Angela,  composer, 
pianist,  and  teacher,  born  in  London,  in  1821. 
•Descended  from  an  ancient  and  noble  Roman 
family.  Her  grandfather,  who  settled  in 
England,  served  in  the  American  war  of 
Independence.  Her  father  was  a  skilled 
amateur  tenor  singer,  and  her  mother  a 
cultivated  pianist,  pupil  of  Charles  Neate. 
Her  musical  talent  developed  early  with  such 
home  surroundings,  and  her  sister  (who  died 
in  1888)  became  a  water-colour  painter  of  note. 
Miss  Macirone  entered  the  R.A.M.  in  1839, 
studying  under  Cipriani  Potter,  W.  H.  Holmes, 
Charles  Lucas,  and  others.  On  leaving,  in 
1842,  she  received  a  testimonial  from  the 
committee,  a  circumstance  quite  unique. 
She  was  made  a  professor  of  the  pf.  there, 
and  elected  an  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society,  and  F. R.A.M.  Her  first  concert  was 
given  in  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms,  June  26, 
1846,  when  Pischek  sang  a  Benedictus  of 
her  composition.  This  work,  later,  received 
praise  from  Mendelssohn.  The  concerts  were 
continued  until  1864,  and  then  her  chief  work 
was  in  teaching  and  composing.  She  was 
head  music  mistress  at  Aske's  School  for 
Girls,  Hatcham,  1872-8 ;  and  at  the  Church 
of  England  High  School  for  Girls,  Baker 
Street,  London,  she  systematised  the  music 
teaching  with  the  best  results.  The  last  few 
years  have  been  passed  in  comparative  retire- 
ment. In  addition  to  composition,  she  has 
contributed  many  articles  to  the  Girls  Own 
Paper,  the  Argosy,  and  other  periodicals. 

Works. — Te  Deum  and  Jubilate,  sung  at 
Hanover  Chapel,  the  first  service  by  a  woman 
ever  used  in  the  Church  ;  Anthem,  By  the 
waters  of  Babylon,  sung  at  Canterbury,  Ely, 
and  other  cathedrals,  etc.  Sacred  songs,  and 
duets.  Songs  :  Cavalier's  song  ;  Henri  de 
Lagardere;  My  child;  Golden  grain;  Dreams; 
The  Recall ;  Hesperus ;  Oh,  hush  thee  my 
babie ;  Sweet  and  Low ;  The  Balaclava  charge ; 
There  is  dew  for  the  fiow'ret ;  Montrose's 
Love  Song,  and  many  others.  Part-songs  : 
The  Battle  of  the  Baltic ;  Sir  Knight  (sung  at 
the  composer's  concert  by  four  artists  of 
repute.  May  20,  1862);  Autolycus' song;  Jog 
on,  jog  on  the  footpath  way ;  The  Avon  to 
the  Severn  runs ;  Old  Daddy  Longlegs  (in  the 
programme  of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  Festival, 
Exeter  Hall,  May  15,  1882,  but  the  words 
were  objected  to  by  the  authorities  of  the 
Hall,  and  another  piece  had  to  be  substituted); 


MACKENZIE. 

Humptie  Drunptie;  Echoes;  When  summer's 
come  at  last ;  A  Christmas  welcome  ;  etc. 
Children's  songs :  I  had  a  little  castle ;  Little 
Boy  Blue ;  Little  grey  pussy  cat.  Suite  de 
pieces  in  E  minor,  violin  and  pf.  ;  Summer 
serenade  ;  Cantilena  ;  Xacht  Reise  Lied  ; 
Rondino  in  G,  and  other  pieces  for  pf. 
Several  works  in  ^IS. 

Mackay,  Alexander,  violinist  and  mu- 
sician, was  a  native  of  Islay.  He  issued  a 
"  Collection  of  Reels,  Strathspeys,  and  slow 
tunes,"  Glasgow,  n.d.  [1805] . 

Mackay,  Angus,  ScottLsh  collector,  and 
piper,  born  about  1813.  He  was  piper  to 
Queen  Victoria.  Accidentally  drowned  in  the 
river  Nith,  near  Dumfries,  March  21,  1859. 
Compiler  of  "A  Collection  of  Ancient  Pio- 
baireachd,  or  Highland  Pipe  Music  ...  To 
which  are  prefixed  some  sketches  of  the 
principal  hereditarv  pipers  and  their  estab- 
lishments," Edinburgh,  1838;  "The  Piper's 
Assistant,  a  collection  of  marches,  quicksteps, 
strathspeys,  reels  and  jigs  .  ."  Edinburgh,  n.d. 

McKay,  Iver,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
Dublin.  At  the  age  of  six  he  was  a  chorister 
at  the  Chapel  Royal,  Dublin  Castle,  and  in 
the  chapel  of  Dublin  University ;  and  also 
sang  tenor  at  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral.  After 
some  years  spent  in  connnercial  pursuits,  he 
went  to  Italy.  Not  gaining  instruction  suit- 
able for  an  English  career,  he  returned  to 
London,  and  j)laced  himself  under  T.  A.  Wall- 
worth,  and  W.  Shakespeare,  to  whose  training 
he  attributes  much  of  his  success.  He  has 
been  heard  at  the  principal  London  and 
provincial  concerts ;  sang  at  the  Leeds  Festi- 
vals of  1886,  and  1889 ;  created  the  tenor 
part  in  Dvorak's  Requiem,  at  the  Birmingham 
Festival,  1891,  etc.  In  opera  he  appeared  as 
Lenski,  in  Tschaikowsky's  "  Eugene  Onegin," 
at  the  New  Olympic,  October,  1892.  He  has 
toured  with  Mr.  Sims  Reeves  (1884),  and  has 
gained  an  honourable  position  among  singers 
of  the  day. 

Mackay,  William,  musician,  published 
"The  complete  Tutor  for  the  great  Highland 
bagpipe,"  Edinbugh.  1840. 

Mackenzie,  John,  Scottish  musician, 
born  at  Durham,  in  1797.  Son  of  a  member 
of  the  Forfarshire  militia  band.  He  was  a 
violinist  and  teacher  in  Aberdeen,  and  leader 
in  the  Theatre  Royal  there.  At  the  request 
of  James  Dewar  he  removed  to  Edinburgh 
in  1831.  He  died  at  Edinburgh,  October  28, 
1852. 

His  son,  Al.ex.\nder  M.vckexzik,  was  a 
violinist  and  composer,  born  at  Montrose,  in 
1819.  In  1831  he  accompanied  his  father  to 
Edinburgh,  and  became  a  violinist  in  the 
Theatre  Royal,  under  Dewar.  He  afterwards 
studied  under  Sainton,  at  London,  and  at 
Dresden,  under  Lipinski.  He  was  leader  of 
the  orchestra  of   the  Theatre   Royal,  Edin- 


264 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


MACKENZIE. 

burgh,  under  the  successive  management  of 
Murray,  Glover  and  Wyndham.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  October  2,  1857.  He  edited 
"  National  Dance  Music  of  Scotland,"  Edin- 
burgh, n.d. ;  new  edition,  with  additions,  by 
A.  C.  Mackenzie,  London,  1889,  3  books. 
"  Six  Scotch  Airs  for  Violin."  "  One  hundred 
Scotch  Airs  for  Violin."  Songs :  Grey  hill 
plaid  ;  Nameless  lassie  ;  Linton  Lowrie,  etc. 

Mackenzie,  Sir  Alexander  Campbell, 
Kt.,  son  of  Alexander  Mackenzie,  composer, 
violinist,  and  conductor,  born  at  Edinburgh, 
August  22,  1847.  Studied  under  his  father, 
and  at  the  age  of  ten  was  sent  to  Germany, 
where  he  studied  at  Schwarzburg-Sonders- 
hausen,  under  W.  Uhlrich,  violin,  and  Eduard 
Stein,  composition.  In  1861  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Ducal  orchestra.  The  next  year  he 
went  to  London,  and  entered  the  R.A.M., 
gaining  the  King's  Scholarship  that  year, 
1862.  He  studied  under  Sainton,  Jewson, 
and  Charles  Lucas.  In  1865  he  returned  to 
Edinburgh,  and  was  engaged  in  tuition  and 
composition.  Ho  was  a  professor  at  Queen 
Street  Ladies'  College ;  Choirmaster  at  St. 
George's  Church ;  and  conductor  of  the  Scot- 
tish Vocal  .\ssociation.  Also  member  of  the 
Festival  orchestra,  Birmingham,  1867-73 ; 
Concert-giver  in  Edinburgh,  and  Quartet- 
player.  About  this  time  his  compositions 
began  to  attract  attention,  and  in  order  to 
devote  himself  to  this  work,  he  went  to  live 
at  Florence  in  1879.  He  visited  England 
occasionally  to  conduct  compositions  at  the 
Worcester  Festival,  1881 ;  Bristol  Festival, 
1882,  etc.  Returned  to  London  in  1885,  as 
conductor  of  the  Novello  Oratorio  Concerts ; 
left  London  again  in  1887,  but  after  the 
death  of  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren  that  year,  he 
became  a  candidate  for  the  post  of  Principal 
of  the  R.A.M.,  and  was  elected,  February  22, 
1888.  In  1892,  he  was  elected  conductor  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society,  the  first  concert 
under  his  direction  taking  place,  March  9, 
1893.  He  has  conducted  concerts  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  (October  20,  1894) ;  IManchester 
(Halle  concert,  December  5,  1895)  ;  Royal 
Choral  Society  (February  19,  1896),  etc, ;  and 
has  given  addresses  on  music  in  Manchester 
and  other  places :  lectured  at  the  Royal  In- 
stitution, 1893,  and  1895,  etc.;  and  taken  an 
active  interest  in  the  i^roceedings  of  the 
Incorporated  Society  of  INIusicians.  He  was 
elected  Hon.  A''ice-President  of  the  Edinburgh 
Choral  Union,  1884  ;  Glasgow  Choral  Union, 
1888;  received  the  Gold  Medal  for  Art  and 
Science,  from  the  Grand  Duke  of  Hesse,  1884  ; 
elected  Corresponding  Membci-,  Istiti'ito  Rcale 
di  Firenze  [1888] ;  received  the  honorary  degree 
of  Mus.  Doc,  St.  .Andrews,  1886;  Cambridge, 
1888;  and  Edinburgh,  1896;  and  in  1895,  the 
honour  of  Knighthood  from  the  Queen. 

Works.  —  Cantatas    and    Oratorios  :    The 


MACKENZIE. 

Bride,  Worcester  Festival,  1881 ;  Jason,  BriS' 
tol,  1882;  The  Rose  of  Sharon,  Norwich 
1884  ;  The  Story  of  Sayid,  Leeds,  1886 
Jubilee  Ode,  Crystal  Palace,  June  22,  1887 
The  New  Covenant,  Glasgow,  1888;  The 
Dream  of  Jubal,  composed  for  Jubilee  of 
Liverpool  Philharmonic  Society,  performed, 
February  5,  1889;  The  Cottar's  Saturday 
Night,  Edinburgh,  December,  1892;  Veni, 
Creator  Spiritus,  Birmingham  Festival,  1891 ; 
Bethlehem,  composed,  1892,  produced.  Royal 
Albert  Hall,  April  12,  1894.  Operas:  Col- 
omba,  produced,  Drury  Lane  (Carl  Rosa). 
April  9,  1883 ;  The  Troubadour,  Drury  Lane, 
June  8,  1886 ;  His  Majesty,  comic  opera. 
Savoy,  February  20,  1897.  Incidental  music 
to  Ravenswood,  Lyceum,  1890;  Marmion, 
1891  ;  Choral  odes  for  female  voices  for  The 
Bride  of  Love  (Buchanan),  Adelphi,  1890. 
Orchestral :  Scherzo,  Glasgow,  1878  ;  Scottish 
Rhapsodies,  No.  1,  op.  21 ;  No.  2,  op.  24 
(Burns) ;  La  Belle  Dame  sans  IMerci,  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  1883.  Overtures :  Cer- 
vantes ;  To  a  Comedv ;  Tempo  di  Ballo ; 
Twelfth  Night,  composed  in  Italy,  1887-88, 
produced,  Richter  concerts,  June  4,  1888 ; 
Britannia,  Queen's  Hall,  May  17,  1894.  Con- 
certo, op.  32,  Birmingham  Festival  (Sarasate), 
1885;  Pibroch,  Leeds  (Sarasate),  1886,  both 
for  violin  and  orchestra.  Scottish  Concerto, 
pf.  and  orchestra.  Quartet  in  E  fiat,  op.  11, 
pf.  and  strings;  Six  pieces  for  violin,  op.  37  ; 
Highland  ballad,  violin,  op.  47;  Larghetto 
and  allegro,  pf.  and  'cello,  op.  10;  Prom  the 
North,  9  violin  pieces.  Rustic  scenes,  op.  9  ; 
Five  pieces,  op.  13;  Six  pieces,  op.  20,  and 
other  compositions  for  pf.  Three  short  pieces, 
organ.  Seven  anthems.  Song  of  Love  and 
Death  (Tennyson),  op.  7  ;  Two  songs,  op.  12  ; 
Three  songs  (Christina  Rossetti),  op.  17; 
Eighteen  songs,  op.  31 ;  Spring  songs  (7) ; 
Three  Shakespeare  sonnets,  etc.  The  Empire 
Flag,  solo  and  chorus ;  part-soogs,  various. 
Vocal  IMelodies  of  Scotland,  arranged  for  pf. 

Mackenzie,  Marian,  contralto  vocalist, 
born  at  Plymouth.  Studied  there  under 
Samuel  Weekes,  and  later  at  R.A.M.  under  A. 
Randegger.  Westmoreland,  and  Parepa-Rosa 
Scholar;  A.R.A.M.;  Associate  of  the  Philhar- 
monic Society.  She  made  her  debut  at  the 
London  Ballad  Concerts ;  sang  at  the  Crystal 
Palace ;  Monday  and  Saturday  Popular  Con- 
certs ;  and  in  the  provinces.  Her  first  Festival 
engagement  was  at  Norwich,  in  1890;  then 
followed  appearances  at  Leeds,  1892 ;  Birming- 
ham, 1894,  etc.  She  also  sang  at  the  Handel 
Festivals,  1891-94.  For  a  short  time  she  sang 
in  comic  opera,  making  her  first  appearance 
on  the  stage  at  the  Grand  Theatre,  Birming- 
ham, Oct.  10, 1887.  In  1S85,  she  was  married 
to  Mr.  Richard  Smith  Williams,  a  brother  of 
Miss  Anna  Williams,  the  soprano  vocalist.  In 
1896  she  made  a  successful  tour  in  Australia, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


265 


MACKENZIE. 

singing  at  festivals  at  Sydney,  Melbourne, 
Adelaide,  etc. 

Mackenzie,  Sir  Morell,  surgeon  and 
musician,  born  at  Leytonstone,  Essex,  July 
7,  1837  ;  died  at  London,  February  3,  1892. 
Author  of  "  Treatment  of  hoarseness  and 
loss  of  voice,"  London,  1863;  new  edits.,  1868, 
1871.  "  Use  of  the  Laryngoscope  in  diseases 
of  the  throat,"  Loudon,  1865,  also  1871. 
"  Hygiene  of  the  vocal  organs  ;  a  practical 
handbook  for  singers  and  speakers,"  London, 
1886;  oih  edit.,  1888.  "Fatal  illness  of 
Frederick  the  Noble,"  London,  1888. 

M'Kercher,  Duncan,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Inver,  Dunkeld,  N.B.,  in  1796. 
He  resided  chiefly  in  Edinburgh,  and  died  at 
Colinton,  near  that  city,  on  December  14, 
1873.  He  composed  a  number  of  strathspeys, 
most  of  which  were  published  in  two  collec- 
tions of  dance  music  which  were  issued  about 
1830.  [Many  of  the  dances  in  these  collec- 
tions were  by  Captain  Daniel  Menzies. 

Mac  Kerrell,  John,  musician  and  writer, 
author  of  "  Familiar  Introduction  to  the 
first  principles  of  music"  .  .  .  Op.  2.,  London, 
[1800]  ;  Songs  and  other  compositions. 

Mackeson,  Rev.  Charles,  clergyman, 
editor,  and  literary  musician,  born  May  15, 
1842.  Compiler  of  "  Guide  to  the  Churches 
of  London  and  its  Suburbs,"  published  an- 
nually for  some  time.  Editor  of  The  Choir, 
new  series,  1879-80 ;  and  of  the  Chiirchman's 
Shilling  Magazine.  Contributor  to  Grove's 
Dictionary  of  Music  and  Musicians.  Author 
of  biographical  notices  of  living  musicians, 
published  in  The  Choir,  1879-80.  Lecturer 
on  Church  music ;  Hymn  writers  ;  Christmas 
carols,  etc.  Ordained  by  Bishop  of  London, 
1885.  Curate  of  Church  of  the  Good  Shep- 
herd, Hampstead,  1885-89 ;  Minister,  1889-94. 

MacKewan,  Joseph,  musician,  compiled 
"  Select  Psalm  Tunes,  metrical  hymns,  chor- 
ales, chants,  etc.,'  London  [1857].  Composer 
of  Songs,  scenas,  duets  and  other  vocal  music. 

Mackinlay,  Thomas,  music  publisher, 
compiled  "  A  Catalogue  of  Original  Letters 
and  Manuscripts  in  the  Autograph  of  Dis- 
tinguished Musicians,  Composers,  Perfor- 
mers, and  Vocalists,"  London,  1846. 

Mackintosh  James,  author  of  "The 
Musicmaster  for  Schools  and  Families,"  Lon- 
don, 1862. 

Mackintosh,  John,  Scottish  bassoon 
player,  born  in  1767.  He  played  in  the  prin- 
cipal orchestras  between  1821-1835.  He  died 
at  London,  March  23,  1844.  Famous  as  one 
of  the  finest  performers  of  his  day,  and 
celebrated  all  over  Europe  for  the  excellent 
tone  and  style  of  his  playing. 

Another  M.\ckintosh,  Geobge,  issued  a 
"  New  and  improved  Bassoon  Tutor,  etc.," 
London  [1840]. 

Mackintosh,  Robert,  Scottish  composer 


McLACHLAN. 

and  violinist,  was  born  about  the  middle  of 
the  18th  century  [Tullymet,  1745].  He 
resided  in  Edinburgh  as  "a  teacher  and  per- 
former till  about  1803,  when  he  removed  to 
London.  Teacher  in  London  at  Little  Vine 
Street,  Piccadilly.  He  died  at  London,  Feb- 
ruary, 1807. 

Works. — Op.  1.  Airs,  Minuets,  Gavotts, 
and  Keels,  mostly  for  two  Violins,  and  a  bass 
for  the  Violoncello  or  Harpsichord,  1783 '. 
op.  2.  Sixty-eight  new  Keels,  Strathspej's, 
and  Quick  Steps ;  also  some  slow  pieces,  with 
variations  for  the  Violin  or  Pianoforte,  with 
a  Bass  for  the  Violoncello  or  Harpsichord, 
1792  ;  2nd  Book,  1793 ;  3rd  Book,  1793 ;  4th 
Book  of  Reels,  n.d. 

This  composer  was  well  known  in  his  time 
as  Red  Rob  Mackintosh.  He  was  a  good 
performer,  and  wrote  music  for  the  song 
"  A  cogie  of  ale  and  a  j)ickle  ait-meal." 

His  son,  Abraham  (born,  Edinburgh,  June 
15,  1769 ;  died,  Newcastle,  about  1807),  was 
also  a  violinist,  and  issued  a  collection  of 
dance  music,  entitled, "  Thirty  new  Strathspey 
reels,  etc.,  with  a  bass  for  the  violoncello  or 
harpsichord,"  Edinburgh,  1792.  A  Collection 
of  Strathspeys,  Reels,  jigs,  etc . .  for  the  harp, 
pianoforte,  violin,  and  violoncello,  Newcastle 
[1805],  2  Nos. 

McKorkell,  Charles,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  1809.  He  studied  at  the 
R.A.M.,  London,  and  for  40  years  was  organist 
of  All  Saints',  Northampton.  He  died  at 
Northampton,  January  10,  1879.  Comj)iler 
of  "The  Sacred  Music  Book,  a  selection  of  100 
standard  tunes  with  chants,"  n.d.  ;  and 
composer  of  anthems,  and  of  many  pieces  of 
minor  importance  for  the  pf. 

McLachlan,  Jessie  Niven,  Mrs. Robert 
Buchanan,  soprano  singer,  born  at  Oban, 
June  18,  1866.  Celebrated  as  a  singer  of 
Highland  songs  in  the  original  Gaelic.  In 
1892  she  sang  before  the  Queen  at  Balmoral, 
and  she  has  frequently  appeared  at  concerts 
in  Glasgow,  London,  and  othor  parts  of  the 
country.  Her  husband,  Robert  Buchanan, 
was  born  at  Glasgow  in  December,  1858,  and 
has  held  various  posts  as  church  organist  and 
pianist. 

M'Lachlan,  John,  musician,  who  was  a 
teacher  in  Glasgow,  and  precentor  of  the 
North  West  Church  from  1774.  He  died  in 
Glasgow  in  1791.  Compiler  of  "The  Precen- 
tor, or  an  easy  introduction  to  church  music, 
with  a  choice  collection  of  psalm  tunes," 
Glasgow,  1776  (with  Finlay) ;  The  Precentor, 
or  an  easy  introduction  to  church  music, 
Glasgow,  1779 ;  another  edition,  Glasgow, 
1782. 

McLachlan,  John,  musician  and  piper, 
compiler  of  "  The  Piper's  Assistant :  a  new 
collection  of  marches,  quicksteps,  strath- 
speys,   reels    and    jigs.       Edited     by    John 


266 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


McLaren. 

McLachlan,  late  piper  to  Neill  ^Malcolm, 
Esq.,  of  Poltalloch,"  Edinburgh,  n.d. 

McLaren,  Daniel,  violinist  and  composer, 
who  was  born  in  Perthshire  iu  the  latter  part 
of  last  century.  He  resided  in  Edinburgh 
as  a  teacher  and  performer,  and  probablj' 
died  tliere  about  1820.  He  published  "  A 
collection  of  strathspey  reels,  etc.,  with  a 
bass  for  violoncello  or  harpsichord,"  Edin- 
burgh [1704] .      , 

Maclean,  or  Macklean,  Charles,  Scot- 
tish musician,  who  flourished  in  latter  part 
of  last  century,  lie  published  '•  Twelve  solos 
or  sonatas  for  a  violin,  op.  1,"  Edinburgh, 
1737  ;  and  a  "  Selection  of  favourite  Scots 
Tunes,  with  variations  for  the  violin.  .  .  ." 
Edinburgh  [1770J . 

Maclean,  Charles  Donald,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Cambridge,  March  27, 
1843.  Studied  under  Ferd.  Hiller  at  Cologne. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  18G2 ;  Mus. 
Doc,  1865;  M.A.,  Oxon.,  1875.  Organist  of 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  18G2,  and  1872-5, 
music  director  at  Eton  College.  From  this 
time  he  spent  many  years  in  India,  and  is 
now  resident  in  London. 

WoKKS. — Xoah,  dramatic  oratorio  ;  Re- 
quiem Mass ;  Sulmala,  cantata  from  the 
Gaelic.  Orchestral:  Symphony  in  G;  Cyn- 
thia's Revels,  concert  overture  ;  Concert 
overture  in  C  ;  Ballet,  without  dance  ;  Trio 
in  B,  pf.  and  >strings;  Music  for  pf.,  songs,  etc. 

Maclean,  Alick,  composer,  son  of  pre- 
ceding, born  at  Eton,  July  20,  1872.  His 
works  include  an  opera  iu  three  acts,  "  Quen- 
tin  Durward,"  and  "  Petruccio  "  (libretto  by 
his  sister),  opera  in  one  act,  which  won  the 
Moody-Manners  prize  of  ilOO,  and  was  pro- 
duced at  Covent  Garden,  June  29,  1895.  He 
has  also  written  some  songs. 

Maclean,  William,  minor  poet  and 
amateur  musician,  born  at  Glasgow,  March 
22,  1805.  Educated  at  Glasgow  University. 
He  was  a  manufacturer  aud  merchant  iu 
Glasgow  ;  J. P.  for  Counties  of  Renfrew  and 
Lanark,  etc.  He  died  at  Glasgow,  November 
28,  1892.  Published  "  Maclean's  Sacred 
Music,  arranged  for  four  voices,  with  organ  or 
pf.  accompaniment,"  London,  2  parts,  1854-5. 
Also  composer  of  a  large  volume  of  "  Sacred 
Melodies  "  in  manuscript,  now  deposited  in 
the  Mitchell  Library,  Glasgow. 

Maclennan,  William,  piper  aud  dancer, 
was  born  in  Scotland  in  the  first  part  of  the 
present  century.  He  was  regarded  as  one  of 
the  best  performers  of  Highland  bagpipe 
music,  and  was  four  timts  commanded  to 
pipe  and  dance  before  the  Queen.  He  died 
at  Montreal,  Canada,  in  October,  1892,  while 
on  a  tour  with  a  company  in  America. 

Macleod,  Captain  Neil,  Scottish  collec- 
tor, published  a  "Collection  of  Piobaireachd 
or   Pipe   Tunes,  as   verbally   taught   by  the 


McMURDIE. 

M'Crummin  Pipers  in  the  Isle  of  Skye,  to 
their  Apprentices,"  Edinburgh,  1828.  A  re- 
print of  this  scarce  work  was  issued  by 
Messrs.  J.  &  R.  Glen,  of  Edinburgh.  It 
is  distinguished  by  the  use  of  an  extra- 
ordinaiy  notation,  consisting  of  syllables, 
which  has  not  yet  been  deciphered. 

Macleod,  Peter,  amateur  composer,  son 
of  James  Macleod  of  Polbeth,  West  Calder, 
Midlothian,  was  born  on  May  8,  1797.  Well 
known  in  Edinburgh  musical  and  other 
circles  during  his  lifetime.  He  associated 
with  the  leading  men  of  the  time,  aud  was 
an  early  friend  of  R.  A.  Smith,  the  composer. 
Witli  the  profits  of  the  work  named  second 
below  he  completed  the  Burns  Monument  at 
Edinburgh  by  enclosing  it  within  an  iron 
rail.  He  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for 
^lidlotliiau,  and  succeeded  to  the  property  of 
Polbeth.  He  died  at  Bouuington,  near  Edin- 
burgh, February  10,  1859,  and  is  buried  at 
Rosebank  Cemetery  there. 

Works.— Original  melodies,  consisting  of 
songs,  duets,  aud  glees,  the  symphonies 
and  accompaniments  by  Mr.  Mather,  the 
poetry  written  expressly  for  this  work,  Edin- 
burgh [1828]  ;  Original  Scottish  melodies, 
Edinburgh,  n.d.,  dedicated  to  the  Duchess  of 
Biiccleuch ;  Original  national  melodies  of 
Scotland,  London  aud  Edinburgh  [1838], 
dedicated  to  Queen  Victoria  ;  New  national 
songs,  the  melodies  never  before  published, 
Ediuburgh,  n.d.  Among  IMacleod's  best- 
known  songs  may  be  named  Scotland  yet ; 
j\Iy  bonnie  wife  ;  Oh,  why  left  I  my  hame  ; 
Our's  is  the  land  o'  gallant  hearts  ;  Dowie 
dens  o'  Yarrow  ;  Yellow  locks  o'  Charlie ; 
Land  o'  cakes  ;  Emigrant's  complaint ;  My 
Higliland  vale  ;  I  had  a  hame  ;  More  dear 
art  thou  to  me  ;  I  have  loved  thee  only  j 
Flora's  lament ;  and  many  others,  chiefly 
to  verses  of  good  poets. 

Macmeeken,  J.  W.,  clergyman  and 
amateur  musician,  was  minister  of  Lesmaha- 
gow,  in  Lanarkshire.  Author  of  a  "  History 
of  the  Scottish  Metrical  Psalms,  with  an 
account  of  the  paraphrases  and  hymns,  and 
of  the  music  of  the  old  psalter.  Illustrated 
with  twelve  plates  of  MS.  music  of  15G6," 
Glasgow,  1872,  privateh'  printed. 

McMurdie,  Joseph,  composer  aud  wri- 
ter, was  born  at  London  in  1792.  He  studied 
music  under  Dr.  Crotch.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon., 
1814.  Director  of  Philharmonic  Society.  He 
died  at  Merton,  Surrey,  December  23,  1878. 

WoKKs. —  Glees.  Canons,  etc.,  London,  1828, 
1836,  1840,  etc. ;  Trios  for  Female  Voices, 
1859;  Glees,  etc.,  London  [1824];  Arrange- 
ments for  pf.  ;  Sacred  Music,  a  collection  of 
tunes  adapted  to  the  new  version  of  Psalms, 
as  sung  at  the  Philanthropic  Society's  Chapel, 
London,  1827  ;  The  Elements  of  INIusic,  with 
the  Art  of  Playing  from  a  Figured  Bass,  and 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


267 


M'NABB. 

an  introduction  to  Composition,  London 
[1845] ;  A  Juvenile  Preceptor  for  the  Piano- 
forte, London,  1828 ;  A  Collection  of  Psalm 
and  Hj-mn  Tunes,  London  [1853] ;  De  Pro- 
fundis  Claniavi,  motet ;  Ode  to  Spring,  glee. 
Handbook  for  Vocal  Classes,  Part-songs,  etc., 
London  [1859]. 

M'Nabb,  Hugh,  writer  and  conductor, 
born  in  Ayrshire  about  1842.  He  is  conductor 
of  the  Ayr  Choral  Union,  and  of  a  vocal 
association  in  connection  with  the  1st  Lanark- 
shire Rifle  Volunteers.  From  1867  he  has 
been  choirmaster  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church,  St.  Vincent  Street,  Glasgow.  Author 
of  "  Morley's  New  Singing  Tutor,"  London, 
1883,  etc. 

McNaught,  William  Gray,  teacher, 
conductor,  and  editor,  born  of  Scottish 
parentage,  at  Stepney,  London,  March  30, 
1849.  Began  his  musical  studies  with  the 
Tonic  Sol-fa  method,  and  continued  them 
after  he  had  entered  a  merchant's  office.  Was 
awarded  the  Society  of  Arts'  prize  for  compo- 
sition, 1871,  and,  giving  up  business,  entered 
the  R.A.M.  that  year.  Associate,  1878; 
Fellow,  1895;  Mus.  Doc,  Cantuar,  1896. 
In  1872,  at  the  National  Music  Meetings, 
Crystal  Palace,  the  Ashcroft-Evans  Choir, 
under  his  direction,  won  the  prize  of  £100  in 
Class  II.  This  choir,  in  1874,  was  transferred 
to  Bow,  and  formed  the  nucleus  of  the  excell- 
ent choir  of  the  Institute,  conducted  by  him 
ever  since.  He  was  appointed  Assistant 
Inspector  of  Music  for  the  Educational 
Department  in  1883,  and  Examiner  in  IMusic 
to  the  Society  of  Arts  in  1893.  Author  of 
"  Hints  on  choir  training  for  competitions," 
Novello,  1896  ;  Editor  of  The  School  Music 
Revietv  from  its  commencement,  in  1892 ; 
of  Novello's  School  Songs  ;  and  translator  of 
a  number  of  works  into  the  Tonic  Sol-fa 
Notation.  Adjudicator  at  school  singing 
competitions,  lecturer,  etc. 

Macphee,  Donald,  author  and  bagpipe 
maker,  born  at  Coatbridge  in  1841,  died  near 
Glasgow,  December  9,  1880.  He  worked  in 
Glasgow  at  his  trade.  Author  of  A  Selection 
of  Music  for  the  Highland  Bagpipe,  with  a 
complete  tutor,  Glasgow,  1876.  Marches, 
quicksteps,  reels,  and  strathspeys,  and  collec- 
tions of  Pibrochs,  1879,  for  the  bagpipes,  etc. 

Macpherson,  Charles,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  Edinburgh.  In  1879  he  entered 
the  choir  school  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and 
was  a  chorister  for  about  eight  years,  under 
Dr.  G.  C.  Martin.  Sometime  choirmaster, 
St.  Clement's,  Eastcheap.  Private  organist 
to  Sir  Robert  Menzies,  Weem,  Perthshire, 
1887 ;  at  Madame  de  Falba's  chapel,  Luton 
Hoo  Park,  Beds.,  1889.  Entered  R.A.M., 
1890;  Won  the  Charles  Lucas  Prize,  1892; 
A.R.A.M.,  1896.  In  1895  he  was  appointed 
assistant  organist  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 


McSWINEY. 

Works. — Ps.  137,  chorus  and  orchestra, 
R.A.M. ,  1895;  Three  Gaelic  melodies,  with 
accompaniment  for  strings  and  harp;  Glee 
for  5  voices,  There  sits  a  bird  (awarded  the 
prize  of  10  giiineas  offered  by  the  Bristol 
Orpheus  Glee  Society,  for  the  best  composition 
by  a  student  of  R.A.M.,  1893).  Overture, 
Cridhe  an  Ghaidhil  (The  Heart  of  the  Gael), 
Crystal  Palace,  March  2,  1895;  Highland 
Suite  in  A,  orchestra ;  Sextet,  for  wind  in- 
struments, etc. 

Macpherson,  Charles  Stewart,  com- 
poser and  conductor,  of  Scotch  descent,  born 
at  Liverpool,  March  29,  1865.  Educated  at 
the  City  of  London  School.  In  1880  he  won 
the  Sterndale  Bennett  Scholarship,  and 
entered  the  R.A.M.  Studied  pianoforte  under 
W.  Macfarren,  and  composition  with  Sir  G. 
A.  Macfarren.  Balfe  Scholar,  1882-3  ;  Lucas 
Prize,  1884  ;  Potter  Exhibitioner,  1885. 
While  a  student  he  wrote  a  large  number  of 
works,  orchestral  and  chamber  music,  etc. 
Elected  an  Associate,  1887 ;  Fellow,  1892. 
In  1889  he  was  appointed  a  professor  of  har- 
mony and  composition  at  the  Academy.  He 
became  organist  and  choirmaster  of  Inimanuel 
Church,  Streatham  Common,  1885 ;  was 
appointed  conductor  of  the  Westminster 
Orchestral  Society  the  same  year ;  and  in 
1886,  founded  the  Streatham  Choral  Society. 
Has  given  Chamber  concerts,  and  pianoforte 
recitals,  and  contributed  occasionally  to  the 
musical  press. 

Works. — Orchestra^ :  Symphony  in  C,  1888 ; 
Overture,  The  Student  of  Salamanca,  1887 ; 
Festal  overture,  1891 ;  Ballade,  1890 ;  Not- 
turno  in  E  flat,  1892 ;  all  produced  by  the 
Westminster  Society.  Idyl,  A  Summer  day- 
dream, orchestra.  Crystal  Palace,  December 
8,  1894.  Concertstiick,  pf.  and  orchestra, 
1893 ;  Romance  in  D,  violin  and  orchestra, 
1896,  both  at  Westminster.  Sonata  in  E  flat, 
pf.  and  violin  ;  Suite  de  Valses,  pf.  Church 
music.  Songs,  duets,  etc.  Author  of  "  Prac- 
tical Harmony,  a  concise  treatise,  1894  ;  and 
Appendix  to  the  same. 

Macpherson,  D.,  author  of  "Catechism 
of  Music,  adapted  for  learners  on  the  Piano, 
etc.,"  Edinburgh,  n.d. 

A  D.  Macpherson  composed  music  for  the 
pf.,  some  of  which  was  issued  at  Liverpool 
about  1820. 

Macrory,  Edmund,  author  of  "  A  Few 
Notes  on  the  Temple  Organ,"  London  [1859], 
anon. ;  second  edit.,  1861 ;  3rd  edit.,  1875. 

McSwIney,  Paul,  composer,  born  at 
Cork,  Ireland.  In  Cork,  February  23,  1881, 
was  produced  an  opera,  "  Amergin,"  of  which 
he  wrote  the  libretto  and  music.  He  then 
went  to  the  United  States  of  .\mcrica,  and 
became  musical  director  of  the  New  York 
branch  of  The  Society  for  the  Preservation  of 
the  Irish  Language.   He  produced  at  Steinway 


2G8 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MADAN. 

Hall,  New  York,  December  28,  1884,  a  Gaelic 
Idyll,  "  Au  Bard  'gus  au  Fo"  (The  Bard  and 
the  Knight),  for  solo  voices,  chorus  and 
orchestra,  the  book  and  music  his  own.  Both 
works  were  highly  spoken  of. 

Madan,  Rev.  Martin,  musician  and 
clergj'man,  born  in  1726 ;  died  on  May  2, 
1790.  He  founded  the  Lock  Hospital,  in 
London,  and  acted  as  chaplain.  He  edited 
"  Psalms  and  hymns  extracted  from  various 
authors,"  1760  ;  "  Lock  Hospital  Tunes " 
[1709]  ;  and  composed  the  well-known  hymn- 
tune  "  Huddersfield."  Author  of  "  Thely- 
phthora :  a  treatise  on  female  ruin,"  -3  v.,  etc. 

Mahaffy,  Rev.  John  Pentland,  Pro- 
fessor of  Ancient  History,  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  was  born  at  Chapponnaire,  near 
Vevay,  on  the  Lake  of  Geneva,  February  26, 
1839.  Educated  in  Germanj',  and  Trinity 
College,  Dublin.  Received  the  degree  of 
D.D.,  1886  ;  and  is  I\Ius.  Doc,  Jionoris  causa. 
Trinity  College,  Dublin.  He  is  an  Examiner 
in  Music  for  Dublin  University ;  has  ar- 
ranged some  Irish  melodies  ;  and  has  con- 
tributed articles  referring  to  music  to  Cos- 
mopolis  (September,  1890),  and  other  papers. 

Mahon,  John,  clarinet  player,  was  born 
in  175.5.  He  played  in  Dublin  and  at  the 
Birmingham  Festivals,  1802-11.  Died  at 
Dublin  in  1834. 

Mahon,  Mary,  see  Second,  Mary. 

Mainwaring,  Rev.  John,  clergyman 
and  author,  born  1735  ;  died  at  Cambridge, 
April,  1807.  He  published  anonymously, 
"  Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  the  late  George 
Frederick  Handel,  to  whicb  is  added  a  cata- 
logue of  his  works  and  observations  upon 
them."  London,  1760. 

Mainwaring,  Townshend,  Welsh  musi- 
cian and  author,  born  about  1809.  He  was 
M.P.  for  the  Denbigh  boroughs  from  1841  to 
1847,  and  again  from  1857  to  1868.  He  died  at 
Galltfaenan,  near  Denbigh,  in  December,  1883, 
aged  74.  Composer  of  Advent  hymn,  Emyn 
ail  ddyfodid  Crist ;  Dafydd  and  Myfanwry, 
Hanes  Cymraeg,  London  [1880]  ;  a  Welsh 
romance  for  treble  voices  ;  Hymns,  etc. 

Maitland,  John  Alexander  Fuller, 
writer  on  music,  born  in  London,  April  7, 
1856.  Graduated  at  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridgo,B.A.,1879;  M.  A.,  1882.  Became  F.S.A., 
1886.  Wrote  for  the  Fall  Mall  Gazette, 
1882-4  ;  for  the  Oiiardian,  1884-9  ;  and,  after 
the  death  of  Dr.  Huefler,  in  1889,  was 
appointed  musical  critic  of  The  Times.  Con- 
tributed articles  to  the  Dictionary  of  Na- 
tional Biography  ;  Grove's  Dictionary  of 
Music  and  ^lusicians  (and  editor  of  the 
Appendix  to  that  work)  ;  the  Nineteenth 
Centur}' ;  National  Review,  etc.  Lectured 
on  The  History  of  English  IMusic,  two  series, 
1887  ;  and  on  Purcoll,  1895.  Has  appeared 
as  a  pianist  at  concerts  of  the  Bach  Choir, 


MAKER. 

etc.,  and  played  the  harpsichord  at  concerts 
of  ancient  music. 

Works. — Schumann  ("Great  Musicians" 
series,  Sampson  Low,  1884) ;  Life  of  J.  S. 
Bach  (joint  translator,  with  Clara  Bell,  of 
Spitta's  work,  Novello,  3  vols.,  1884);  Carols 
of  the  15th  century,  edited  from  a  roll  in 
Trinity  College  library,  Cambridge,  1891; 
English  county  songs  (joint  editor,  with  Miss 
Lucy  E.  Broadwood),  1893 ;  Catalogue  of  the 
music  in  the  Fitzwilliam  Museum,  Cambridge, 

1893  ;  Masters  of    German   Music  (Osgood), 

1894  ;  Editor  of  Purcell's  Twelve  sonatas  of 
three  parts  (1683),  and  Ode  on  St.  Cecilia's 
Day  (1692),  for  Purcell's  Society,  1893-6;  and 
Fitzwilliam  Virginal  book  (with  W.  Barclay 
Squire,  B.A.,  F.S.A.),  in  course  of  publica- 
tion. 

Maitland,  William,  musician,  was  born 
about  1700.  He  was  originally  a  shoemaker, 
but  was  appointed  precentor  of  the  East 
Church,  Aberdeen,  in  1821,  and  held  the 
appointment  till  1827,  when  he  emigrated 
to  Canada  and  became  a  Congregational 
minister.  Died  in  Canada,  December,  1873. 
Compiler  of  "  The  Aberdeen  Psalmody,  being 
a  collection  of  tunes  in  four  parts,  adapted 
to  the  Psalms  and  Pharaphrases  of  the 
Church  of  Scotland.  .  ."  Aberdeen,  1823. 
Has  view  of  St.  Nicholas'  Church.  "  Supple- 
ment to  the  Aberdeen  Psalmody,  being  a 
collection  of  hymn  tunes  adapted  to  par- 
ticular metres  used  in  the  Congregational 
Chapels,"  Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Major,  Joseph,  musician  of  the  first  half 
of  the  present  century,  issued  "  A  collection 
of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  London  [1825]  ; 
''  A  collection  of  sacred  inusic,  consisting  of 
fifty-two   psalm   and   hymn    tunes   for   four 
j  voices.."  London  ("c.  1826].      He  also  com- 
posed songs,  etc. 
j      Major,  S.  D.,  musician  and  author,  com- 
j  piled    "  Tunes    and    chants    for    home    and 
school,"  Bath,  1870  ;  "  Tunes  for  tiie  family 
and  congregation,"  Bristol   [1877]  ;    "  Tunes 
I  for  supplement  to  new  congregational  tune 
book"    [1874];    "  Notabiha  of   Bath,"   1879, 
and  other  works. 

Makepeace,  William,  bass  vocalist,  born 
about  1820.     Chorister  at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral 
under  Hawes.    Appointed  lay-clerk,  Rochester 
Cathedral,  in  1845.     He  was  also  choir  school- 
master  and   librarian.     ]Many  eminent  mu- 
sicians   passed    under   him   as   pupils.      He 
resigned  the  ofhce  of  schoolmaster  about  1886, 
and  retired  from  the  choir  on  a  pension  a  few 
months  only  before  his   death,  which   took 
place  at  Rochester,  September  11, 1896,  in  the 
76th   year  of   his  age.     He  was  an  original 
member  of  the  Choir  Benevolent  Fund. 
Maker,     Frederick    Charles,    organist 
'  and  composer,  born  at  Bristol.     Chorister  in 
!  Bristol  Cathedral,  and  pupil  of  Alfred  Stone. 


Organist 
Church  ; 
Church  ;    an. 
Congregation! 
cantata  "  Mo^ 
uted  tunes  to 
a  collection  of| 

Malcolm, 
author,    born 
particulars  of 
are   unknown 
Music,  Specul 
Edinburgh,  1 
work,  from  itsi 
success,  and 
form  by  an 

Mallandai 
pianist  of  pres< 
Rosa,  opera  (1 
(1874);    Love's 
Ali  Baba,  comi 
songs  and  chor 
words  by  J.  EUis^ 
music  and  arran 
etc.     In  1881  M 
States. 

Mallett,  Lo 
composer,  died  in] 
at  the  early  age  o| 
tant,  and  shower 
His  works  were 
a  few  pieces  for 
F  for  violin  and 
pieces  for  the  sav 

Mann,  Arth 
and  composer,  bo 
Chorister  at  No 
Buck.     F.C.O.,  1 
Doc,    1882,    Ox 
Organist  succesi; 
hampton,  1870 
1871;  Beverley 
organist   and 
College,  Canib 
delian  Scholar, 
E.    Prout,    of 
"  Messiah,"  ir 
pital.     A  perfi 
the  re-construi 
College,  Caml 
composed  "E 
orchestra,  188, 
chorus,  orche] 
double  choir 
for  chorus, 
thems,  orga 
(with  J.  A 
Music  in  th 
of    Tallis's 
Weekes,    1 
Church   of 
Stongbton, 

Mann, 


Vhile  there, 

)ecificatioii, 

eturned  to 

ited  to  the 

S89,  to  All 

i95,  to   St. 

cies,  where 

composed 

horus    and 

ening  Ser- 

'le  Lord ;  I 

anthems. 

md  duets ; 

'ongs,   etc. 

<ur  duets, 

ace  form  ; 

other    pf. 

8  original 

an  pieces, 

ague  Sub- 

i    Modern, 

velve  Trios 

Pamphlet, 

mifriis  and 

•ganist    and 

for  a  num- 

.t  and  choir- 

1 ;  conductor 

and  director 

r  of    Dublin 

nd,  since  the 

ductor  of  the 

iety.     He  has 

io   and   other 

inity  College, 

the  name,  T. 

f  some  time  a 

^hedral  Choir ; 

f  repute. 

^T,  J.  F. 

ler,    organist 

Ireland,  May 

1    Cathedral, 

uty  organist, 

iolin.      Ap- 

,  St.  Finn- 

m  office  he 

Bac,   1863; 

tor  of  Cork 

lany  high- 

u  oratorio, 

lieve,"  for 

published 

RKS,  born 

mist  and 

:k  Cathe- 

ppointed 

Luke's 

3is  com- 

y  is  past 

us;  and 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


271 


MARKS. 

others ;  Evening  Services  in  B  flab,  A  and  D. 
A  number  of  songs,  including  My  loved  one, 
sleep  secure,  which  won  the  prize  offered  by 
Methven  &  Co.,  Edinburgh,  1893;  part-songs, 
Blow,  ye  gentle  breezes  ;  I'll  think  of  thee, 
etc.     Vocal  duets  ;  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Marks,  Thomas  Osborne,  organist  and 
composer,  step-brother  of  the  preceding,  born 
at  Armagh,  February  6,  1845.  Chorister  at 
age  of  six  in  Armagh  Cathedral,  and  deputy 
organist  to  Robert  Turle  when  fifteen.  Gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1870;  Mus.  Doc, 
Dublin,  1874.  In  1872,  he  was  appointed 
organist  and  choirmaster  at  the  Cathedral  in 
succession  to  R.  Turle,  a  position  he  retains 
to  the  present  time.  He  is  conductor  of  the 
Armagh  Philharmonic  Society.  His  compo- 
sitions are :  Ps.  95,  for  soli,  chorus  and 
orchestra ;  cantata,  St.  John  Baptist  (MS.) ; 
church  music,  and  songs,  etc. 

Marlow,  Isaac,  clergyman  and  author, 
wrote  the  following  tracts:  — "  Prelimited 
forms  of  praising  God  vocally  sung  by  all  the 
church  together,  proved  to  be  no  Gospel 
ordinance,"  London,  1691.  "  Truth  solemnly 
defended,  in  a  reply  to  Benjamin  Keach, 
concerning  Psalm -singing,"  1692.  "  The 
controversie  of  singing  brought  to  an  end," 
etc.,  London,  1696. 

Marriott,  Annie  Augusta,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  at  Nottingham,  May  26,  1859. 
Studied  under  J.  B.  Welch  at  the  National 
Training  School  for  Music,  Kensington.  In 
1880  she  sang  at  the  Saturday  Popular  Con- 
certs, January  17  ;  in  Haydn's  "  Creation," 
Sacred  Harmonic,  April  16  ;  Promenade 
Concerts,  Covent  Girden,  August  4,  etc.  She 
was  engaged  for  the  Worcester  Festival,  1881 ; 
and  Leeds,  1883.  A  proof  of  her  good  musician- 
ship was  given  at  Birmingham,  November  26, 
1885,  when  at  a  moment's  notice  she  sang 
the  soprano  solos  in  "The  Spectre's  Bride," 
without  a  rehearsal,  and  without  having  ever 
heard  the  work.  She  sang  at  the  Handel 
Festival,  1885 ;  and  at  Buckingham  Palace, 
before .  the  Queen,  in  Stanford's  "Jubilee 
Ode,"  May  11,  1887.  She  married,  July  20, 
1882,  Percy  Palmer,  a  tenor  vocalist.  He 
was  born  at  Flaxton,  Yorks,  December  17, 
1861.  Studied  under  James  Broughton, 
Leeds ;  and  J.  B.  Welch  on  going  to  London. 
He  was  just  entering  upon  a  career  of  pro- 
mise, when  he  died  August  10,  1893. 

Marriott,  Charles  Handel  Rand,  com- 
poser and  violinist,  born  at  Loudon,  Novem- 
ber 3,  1831.  He  was  a  violinist,  and  acted  as 
musical  director  at  Highburj^  Barn,  London, 
from  1860  till  1865.  Afterwards  he  held  the 
same  position  at  the  Cremorne  Gardens,  and 
at  the  Pier  Pavilion,  Hastings.  He  was 
musical  editor  of  the  Young  Ladies'  Journal. 
He  died  at  Hastings,  December  3,  1889. 

Works. — Songs  :    England's  trust ;    Land 


MARSH. 

ahead ;  Lily  of  the  West ;  Lost  friends ;  There 
grew  in  the  forest  a  mighty  oak.  Songs  for 
children.  Numerous  light  pieces  and  arrange- 
ments for  the  pianoforte. 

Marriott,  Frederick,  alto  vocalist,  lay- 
clerk  in  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  from 
about  1845,  and  also  for  some  time  in  the 
choir  of  Eton  College.  He  assisted  at  many 
of  the  Royal  functions  during  the  Queen's 
reign,  and  was  the  oldest  lay-clerk  in  the 
Chapel.  He  died  at  Windsor,  March  19,  1895, 
aged  82. 

Marsden,  George,  organist,  composer, 
and  conductor,  born  at  Stalybridge,  Cheshire, 
April  11,  1843.  Studied  at  the  Conserva- 
torium,  Cologne,  under  Ferdinand  Hiller, 
and  others.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1876; 
Mus.  Doc,  1882,  Cambridge.  He  is  resident 
in  Manchester  as  a  teacher,  and  is  organist  at 
St.  Thomas',  Werneth,  near  Oldham.  He 
holds  an  appointment  now  probably  unique 
in  this  country,  that  of  conductor  of  a  private 
orchestra,  giving  weekly  concerts  in  the 
winter  (see  S.  R.  Platts),  and  is  Principal  of 
the  Oldham  School  of  ]\Iusic.  His  composi- 
tions comprise  settings  of  Psalm  23,  and 
Psalm  46,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  and 
other  church  music.  Romance  for  oboe  and 
orchestra  ;  pieces  for  oboe  and  pf.  Dorothy, 
a  rustic  dance,  and  other  pf.  pieces ;  Part- 
songs,  etc. 

His  brother,  John  Marsden,  born  May  31, 
1835,  died  at  Manchester,  November,  1889, 
was  an  able*  organist,  and  teacher  of  the  pf. 
His  pupils  came  out  first  in  all  England  at 
the  local  examinations  of  Oxford,  1868,  and 
Cambridge,  1874.  The  brothers  were  early 
and  active  workers  for  the  Incorporated 
Society  of  ]\Iusicians. 

Marsh,  Alec,  baritone  vocalist,  born  at 
Stratford,  near  Salisbury,  Wilts.  Studied 
under  Boyton  Smith.  Articled  to  a  solicitor, 
but  deciding  to  become  a  singer,  entered  the 
R.A.M.  W^hile  a  student  he  sang  in  Randeg- 
ger's  "  The  Rival  Beauties,"  at  St.  George's 
Hall,  ]\ray,  1885.  Was  Evill  prizeholder, 
1887.  He  made  his  festival  debut  at  Norwich 
in  1887,  and  sang  in  light  opera  the  same 
year.  In  1890  he  joined  the  Carl  Rosa 
Company,  and  has  appeared  in  a  round  of 
characters  with  success.  He  married  Miss 
Alice  Esty,  the  American  soprano,  and  has 
aijpeared  with  her  on  the  stage,  and  in  the 
concert  room.  These  artists  had  a  successful 
tour  in  Australia. 

Marsh,  Alphonso,  composer,  born  in 
1627,  died  in  April,  1681.  He  was  a  Gentle- 
man of  the  Chapel  Royal  in  1661,  and  composed 
songs  and  other  vocal  music  in  Playford's 
Collections. 

His  son,  Alphonso,  born  about  1648,  was 
also  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal  in 
1676.     He  died  April  5,  1692,  and  is  buried  in 


272 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


MARSH. 

the  west  cloister  of  Westminster  Abbey. 
Composer  of  songs,  which  were  published  in 
various  collections. 

Marsh,  John,  writer  and  composer,  born 
at  Dorking,  1752.  Articled  to  a  solicitor  at 
Romsey,  17GS.  Married,  1774.  Leader  of 
Subscription  Concerts  at  Salisbury,  1780. 
Resided  at  Chichester  from  1787,  and  died 
there  in  1828. 

WoKKS. — Six  Anthems,  1790;  Favorite 
Symphony  in  13  parts,  for  a  grand  orchestra; 
Overture,  and  8  sonatinas  for  the  pf. ;  Over- 
ture and  six  pieces  for  the  organ  [1791] ; 
Quartette  for  2  violins,  tenor  and  bass.  Two 
sets  of  organ  voluntaries.  Glees,  songs,  etc. 
A  Short  Introduction  to  the  theory  of  har- 
monics, or  the  philosophv  of  musical  sounds, 
Chichester,  1809.  Rudiinents  of  Thorough- 
bass, Londoji.  1805.  Hints  to  Young  Com- 
posers of  instrumental  music,  London  [1800]. 
Collection  of  the  most  popular  and  approved 
Psalm  Tunes,  with  a  few  Hymns  and  easy 
Anthems,  the  whole  in  3  parts,  .principally 
for  the  use  of  country  choirs,  to  which  is 
added  a  selection  of  20  favourite  tunes  set  for 
barrel  organs,  n.d.  Cathedral  Chant  Book, 
London  ^1800] . 

Marsh,  J.,  musician  of  present  time, 
published  "Introduction  and  progressive 
lessons  for  the  Tenor,"  London  [1881] . 

Marsh,  Narcissus,  amateur  musician 
and  archbishop,  was  born  in  Wiltshire  in  1G38. 
In  1703  he  was  consecrated  Archbishop  of 
Armagh.  He  died  at  Dublin  in  1713.  Now 
best  remembered  as  founder  of  Marsh's 
Library,  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dublin,  1707. 
He  wrote  an  "  Essay  touching  the  sympathy 
between  lute  or  viol  strings,"  1677,  published 
in  Plot's  Natural  History  of  Oxfordshire, 
and  an  Introductory  essay  to  the  doctrine  of 
sounds,  1G83,  etc. 

Marshall,  Frederick,  composer,  and 
teacher  of  music,  born  at  Northampton  about 
1790.  He  was  successively  organist  at  Rugby 
School ;  Christ  Church,  Leamington  ;  and 
Parish  Church  of  Banbury,  Oxford.  He  died 
near  Olney,  Bucks.,  July,  1857.  He  composed 
hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Marshall,  Julian,  amateur  musician,  and 
collector,  born  at  Headingly,  Leeds,  June  2-4, 
1836.  Author  of  the  "Annals  of  Tennis." 
Contributor  to  the  Musical  Times,  and  other 
periodicals;  and  writer  of  a  number  of  articles 
in  Grove's  Dictionary  of  Music  and  Musicians. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  committee  of  the  first 
Leeds  Festival,  1858.  His  large  and  valuable 
musical  library  was  dispersed  by  auction,  July, 
1884.  His  wife,  born  Florexck  A.  Thom.\s, 
born  at  Rome,  ]March  30,  1843,  is  a  composer 
and  writer  on  music.  She  studied  at  the 
R.A.M.  Conducts  the  concerts  of  the  South 
Hampstead  orchestra,  and  is  the  composer  of 
a  fairy  operetta,  "Prince  Sprite" ;  a  Nocturne 


MARSHALL. 

for  clarinet  and  orchestra.  Has  contributed 
articles  to  Grove,  and  to  various  periodicals. 
Author  of  "Handel,"  Great  Musicians'  Series, 
London,  Sampson  Low,  1888 ;  Solfeggi,  Nov- 
ello's  Primers,  1885 ;  Interval  Exercises  for 
Singing  Classes,  Novello.  She  is  an  Associate 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society. 

Marshall,  Oldfield  Sherwin,  organist 
and  pianist.  In  1883  he  was  appointed  to  the 
Anglo-American  Church.  Rome  ;  and  in  1890 
succeeded  Dr.  Mark  J.  Monk  as  organist  of 
the  Parish  Church,  Banbury.  He  has  appeared 
as  pianist  at  various  concerts ;  and  an  orches- 
tral Suite  of  his  composition  was  performed 
at  Abingdon  in  1889.  In  1884  he  was  elected 
Associate  of  Merit  of  the  Academy  of  St. 
Cecilia,  Rome,  the  only  Englishman  thus 
distinguished. 

Marshall,  William,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Fochabers,  December  27,  1748. 
House  steward  and  butler  to  the  Duke  of 
Gordon  till  1790.  In  1773  he  married  Jane 
Giles,  by  whom  he  had  a  family  of  fi\e  sons 
and  a  daughter.  Farmer  at  Keithmore,  and 
factor  to  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  1790-1817. 
He  died  at  Newfield  Cottage,  Dandaleith, 
Rothes,  Elginshire,  May  29,  1833,  and  is 
buried  in  Bellie  Charchyard. 

WoKKS. — k  Collection  of  Strathspey  Reels, 
with  a  bass  for  the  Violoncello  or  Harpsichord, 
Edinburgh,  Neil  Stewart  [1781].  A  second 
collection  appeared  later.  Marshall's  Soot- 
tish  Airs,  ^lelodies.  Strathspeys,  Reels,  etc., 
for  the  pianoforte,  violin,  and  violoncello, 
with  appropriate  basses.  Dedicated  to  the 
Marchioness  of  Huntly,  Edin.,  1822  [con- 
taining 170  airs] .  Collection  of  Scottish 
Melodies,  Reels,  Strathspeys,  Jigs,  Slow  Airs, 
etc.,  for  the  pianoforte,  violin,  and  violoncello, 
being  the  genuine  and  posthumous  works  of 
William  ^Marshall,  Edinburgh,  1847.  Choice 
Selection  of  Reels  and  Strathspeys,  Edin- 
burgh, n.d.  (with  Gow). 

Marshall  is  best  known  as  a  composer  by 
his  melodies  "  Of  a'  the  airts  the  wind  can 
blaw  "  ("  Miss  Admiral  Gordon's  Straths^jey  "), 
"  This  is  no  my  ain  house,"  "  The  wind  blew 
the  bonnie  lassie's  plaidie  awa,"  and  several 
others,  all  of  which  were  dance  tunes  which 
have  been  adapted  to  poetry. 

Marshall,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  1806.  He  became  a  chor- 
ister in  the  Chapel  Royal,  under  J.  S.  Smith 
and  W.  Hawes,  and  in  Christ  Church,  and 
St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1823.  Organist  of 
All  Saints',  Oxford.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1826, 
Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  January,  1840.  Organist 
of  St.  Marv's  Church,  Kidderminster,  1846. 
He  died  at"  Handsworth,  August  17,  1875. 

Works. — Anthems  used  in  the  Cathedral 
and  Collegiate  Churches  of  England  and 
Wales,  1840.  Art  of  Reading  Church  Music, 
and   Exercises  intended   to   accompany   the 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


273 


MARSHALL. 

same.  Oxford,  1842-43.  Miscellaneous  church 
music.  Three  canzonets  [1830] .  Cathedral 
Services,  arranged  for  organ  and  pf.,  Oxford, 
1847.  Cathedral  Chants,  edited  with  Alfred 
W.  Bennett  [1829] . 

A  Mrs.  William  Marshall  (wife  of  above  ?), 
composed  a  number  of  songs  and  ballads, 
about  1830-40. 

Marshall  =  Hall,  see  Hall,  W.  L. 
Marshall. 

Marson,  Qeorge,  composer  of  the  16th 
century,  who  wrote  anthems,  and  a  5-part 
madrigal,  "  The  Nimphes  and  Shepheards," 
in  the  "Triumphs  of  Oriana,"  1601.  He  is 
said  to  have  been  a  Bac.  ilus.,  but  it  is  not 
known  at  what  university  he  graduated. 

Martin,  Amy  Florence,  contralto  vocalist 
of  present  time.  Was  educated  at  the  Lon- 
don Academy  of  ilusic,  studying  singing 
with  Manuel  Garcia ;  and  distinguishing  her- 
self also  in  harmony.  She  won  two  scholar- 
ships while  there,  was  made  an  Associate  in 
1885,  receiving  her  diploma  from  the  hands 
of  Madame  Patti,  and  was  appointed  a  pro- 
fe_ssor  of  singing.  Her  concert  engagements 
included  tours  with  Mr.  Sims  Reeves,  appear- 
ances at  the  Crystal  Palace  and  other  concerts. 
She  then  turned  her  attention  to  opera,  and 
assisted  at  the  first  production  of  several 
light  operas,  finally  becoming  a  member  of 
Mr.  J.  W.  Turner's  company  about  1892.  In 
the  tours  of  this  company  she  has  appeared 
with  success  in  a  variety  of  parts,  ranging 
from  Azticena,  in  "  II  Trovatore,"  to  Siebel, 
in  "Faust." 

Martin,  Qeorge  Clement,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Lambourne,  Berks,  Sep- 
tember 11,  1844.  Studied  under  J.  Pearson, 
and  Dr.  Staiuer.  Graduated  Mus  Bac, 
Oxford,  1868;  F.C.O.,  1875;  and  received 
the  Canterbury  degree  of  Mus.  Doc,  1883. 
Private  organist  to  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch, 
Dalkeith,  1871  ;  Master  of  Song  at  the  Choir 
School,  1874,  and  deputy  organist,  St.  Paul's 
Catliedral,  1876 ;  and  elected  organist,  on 
the  retirement  of  Dr.  Stainer,  1888.  Pro- 
fessor of  the  Organ,  at  R.C.M.,  for  a  few 
years  from  1883.  His  compositions  are 
chiefly  for  the  church,  and  comprise  a  Morn- 
ing, Communion,  and  Evening  Service  in  C, 
for  voices  and  orchestra ;  Evening  Services 
for  the  same,  and  for  military  Band  ;  setting 
of  the  Benedicite,  and  Offertory  sentences. 
Te  Deum  for  the  Queen's  Diamond  Jubilee 
service,  St.  Paul's,  June  22,  1897.  Come 
my  soul ;  Ho  every  one  that  thirsteth  ;  Re- 
joice in  the  Lord;  Veni,  Creator  Spiritus  ; 
and  other  anthems.  Editor  of  Responses  to 
the  Commandments.  Evening  ;  Cold  blows 
the  wind  ;  Let  maids  be  false  (men's  voices), 
and  otlier  part-songs.  Arrangements  for  the 
organ,  of  movements  from  St.  F^udmila  ;  Re- 
demption ;    and    Mors   et   Vita.      Editor   of 


MASON. 

Organ  Arrangements,  Novello.  Author  of 
The  Art  of  Training  Choir  Boys,  Novello's 
Primers,  No.  39. 

Martin,  Qeorge  William,  composer  and 
conductor,  was  born  on  March  8,  1828.  He 
was  a  chorister  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  under 
W.  Hawes.  Professor  of  music  at  the  Nor- 
mal College  for  Army  Schoolmasters  ;  Music 
master  at  St.  John's  Training  College,  Batter- 
sea,  1845-53 ;  Organist  of  Christ  Church, 
Battersea,  1849.  He  conducted  the  concerts 
of  the  National  Choral  Society,  the  Metropo- 
litan Schools  Choral  Society,  etc.  Editor  of 
the  "Journal  of  Part  Music,"  1861-62,  and  of 
other  musical  journals.  He  died  at  Boling- 
broke  House  Hospital,  Wandsworth,  April 
16,  1881.  Martin  composed  several  prize 
glees,  anthems,  songs,  the  hymn  tune,  "  Leo- 
minster," etc. 

Martin,  Henry  Maclean,  Enrico  Cam- 
POBELLO,  baritone  vocalist,  born  in  1839. 
Sang  in  opera  in  Colonel  Mapleson's  com- 
pany, and  toured  in  the  provinces  with  the 
same  in  1872,  etc.  He  is  also  well  known 
as  a  concert  singer.  In  1874  he  married  the 
soprano  vocalist,  known  as  Madame  Sinico, 
whose  maiden  name  was  Clarice  Marini. 

Martin,  Jonathan,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  1715.  Chorister  in  the  Chapel 
Royal  under  Croft.  He  studied  the  organ 
under  Rosingrave,  and  became  deputy  of  St. 
George's,  Hanover  Square,  London,  and 
organist  of  the  Chapel  Royal  in  1736.  He 
died  at  London,  April  4,  1737. 

Martyn,  Mrs.     See  Inverakity,  Eliza. 

Mason,  Edward,  composer  and  teacher 
of  singing,  born  at  Newcastle-under-Lj-me, 
July  4,  1864.  Descended  from  an  old  Staf- 
fordshire family  settled  in  that  town  from 
the  sixteenth  century.  Received  his  musical 
training  at  St.  John's  College,  Battersea,  under 
Edward  Mills,  1883-4  ;  and  at  the  Tonic  Sol- 
Fa  College,  under  McNauglit,  Venables,  and 
others.  Became  a  Fellow  of  the  College  in 
1889,  and  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Durham, 
1892.  Is  singing  instructor  to  the  Arbroath 
School  Board  ;  choirmaster,  St.  Mary's 
Episcopal  Church,  and  conductor  of  several 
choral  societies.  He  has  composed  a  Good 
Friday  Service,  "  The  Man  of  Sorrows " 
(1896) ;  Wee  Folks'  Songs  ;  and  is  author  of 
Old  Notation  Reader  (5  Nos.),  and  Standard 
Music  Charts  for  Schools.  He  executed  the 
Tonic  Sol-fa  translation  of  Sullivan's  "  Light 
of  the  World,"  and  has  contributed  to  the 
Scottish  Musical  Review,  and  other  papers. 

Mason,  John,  author  of  "  An  Essay  on 
the  power  of  numbers  and  the  principles  of 
Harmony,"  liondon,  1749;  and  composer  of 
songs,  "  The  Admiring  Lover,"  etc. 

Mason,  John,  clergyman  and  musician, 

of  the  early  part  of  the  16th  century.     One 

i  of    the     famous    musicians    mentioned    by 

R 


274 


BfilTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MASON. 

Morley.  In  1508,  lie  was  instructor  of  the 
choristers  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  and 
in  the  same  year  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac. 
He  died  in  1547-48. 

Mason,  William,  poet,  musician,  and 
writer,  born  at  Hull  in  1725.  Ordained  min- 
ister, 1755.  Prebendary  and  Preceptor,  York 
Cathedral,  1763.  He  died  at  Aston,  April  5, 
1797.  Wrote  various  papers  on  ecclesiastical 
music,  collected  under  the  title  of  "Essays, 
historical  and  critical,  on  English  Church 
Music,"  York,  1795,  and  composer  of  "  Lord 
of  all  power  and  might,"  anthem,  and  other 
vocal  music.  His  works  are  chiefly  literary, 
and  he  takes  rank  among  the  minor  poets  of 
England. 

Massey,  Ricliard,  musician,  born  in  1798, 
was  organist  at  the  Chapel  Royal,  Whitehall, 
for  40  years  [1837-77] .  He  died  at  London, 
April  21,  1883. 

Another  Richabd  Massey,  probably  the 
father  of  the  foregoing,  issued  a  work  entitled 
"Sacred  Music:  twenty-six  psalm  tunes  and 
three  anthems,"  Manchester  [1810] . 

Masson,  Elizabeth,  contralto  singer  and 
composer,  was  born  in  Scotland  early  in  the 
present  century.  She  was  a  pupil  of  Madame 
Pasta,  and  made  her  debut  at  the  Ancient 
Concerts  on  March  16,  1831.  She  founded 
the  Royal  Society  of  Female  IMusicians  in 
1838  along  with  Mary  Sarah  Steele  (who 
was  a  professor  of  singing  at  the  R.A.M.,  and 
died  at  London,  March  26,  1881,  aged  65). 
Died  at  London,  in  January,  1865. 

Works. — Original  Jacobite  Songs,  London 
[1839] ;  Twelve  songs  for  the  classical  vocalist 
[1845-61] ,  24  parts ;  Twelve  songs  by  Byron 
[1843] ;  Vocal  sketches.  Songs  :  Oh !  love 
was  never  yet  without  the  pang  [1837] ;  Bal- 
moral rant  [1840] ;  Come  off  to  the  moors  ; 
Here's  a  health  itnto  Her  ]\Iajesty ;  Is  my 
lover  on  the  sea?  Mary,  adieu;  Scotland,  etc. 
Vocal  Exercises,  London  [1855] .  Numerous 
arrangements,  etc. 

Masters,  William  J.  Chalmers,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  in  London,  1818.  Some- 
time musical  director,  St.  George's  Hall, 
London.  For  many  years  resident  as  a  teacher 
at  SoTithsea.  He  was  the  composer  of  two 
operettas,  "  The  Forester's  Daughters,"  pro- 
duced at  St.  George's  Hall,  November  19, 
1867,  and  "  The  Rose  of  Salency  "  ;  of  songs, 
pf.  pieces,  etc.  He  died  at  Southsea,  Novem- 
ber 28,  1893. 

Masterton,  Allan,  Scottish  musician  and 
writing-master  in  the  High  School  of  Edin- 
burgh. An  associate  of  Robert  Burns,  the 
poet,  to  whose  song,  "  Willie  brew'd  a  peck  o' 
maut,"  he  wrote  music.  He  died  about  1799. 
Mather,  George,  musician  and  teacher, 
compiled  "  The  Calcutta  Melodies,  comprising 
thirty-six  original  psalm  and  hymn  tunes, 
London  [1844] .     The  Freehay  Singing  Class 


MATHEWS. 

Manual,    London    [1883] .       Also    composed 
songs,  etc. 

Mather,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
son  of  William  ]\Iather,  was  born  at  Sheffield 
in  1783.  Organist  of  St.  James'  Church, 
Sheffield,  1799;  St.  Paul's,  Sheffield,  1808. 
Bandmaster  of  the  Sheffield  Volunteers,  1805. 
He  died  at  Edinburgh,  ]\Iay  26,  1824.  Com- 
piled a  Book  of  Psalm  Tunes,  and  assisted 
Cotterill  in  the  compilation  of  his  "Christian 
Psalmody."  He  also  composed  glees,  songs, 
Te  Deum,  numerous  hymns,  etc. 

Mather,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1756.  He  was  organist  of  St.  Paul's, 
and  St.  James',  Sheffield,  and  died  at  Shef- 
field, in  1808.  Compiler  of  "  Sacred  Music, 
consisting  of  Twenty-six  Psalm  and  Hymn 
Tunes  .  .  ."  London  [1805]  ;  and  composer  of 
the  Psalm-tune  "  Sheffield,"  known  also  as 
"  Attercliffe."  His  son,  John  Mather,  born 
in  Sheffield,  March  81,  1781,  was  organist  of 
Sheffield  Parish  Church,  1805,  but  settled  in 
Edinburgh  about  1810.  He  was  organist  at 
the  Musical  Festival  of  1815,  and  from  1815 
till  1818,  was  conductor  of  the  Edinburgh 
Institution  for  the  encouragement  of  Sacred 
Music.  He  was  pianist  at  the  Glasgow  Fes- 
tival in  1821,  and  chorus-master  at  the  Edin- 
burgh Festival  of  1843.  He  also  sang  at 
various  musical  festivals.  Died  at  Edinburgh, 
January  20,  1850.  He  composed  "  Hail  to 
the  Chief,"  a  glee  ;  songs  ;  and  wrote  accom- 
paniments for  Peter  Macleod's  "  Original 
Melodies." 

Mathews,  James,  amateur  flutist  and 
composer,  born  at  Stourbridge,  June  2,  1827. 
His  father  was  a  talented  amateur  both  in 
music  and  painting,  and  gave  his  son  such 
musical  instruction  as  he  received,  but  would 
not  consent  to  his  entering  the  musical  pro- 
fession. The  son  devoted  all  his  spare  time 
to  the  cultivation  of  the  flute,  and  like  his 
father,  became  a  fine  performer.  He  played 
his  first  solo  in  pviblic  in  1843  ;  and  up  to 
1878,  was  frequently  heard  in  the  district, 
and  nearly  every  year  playing  in  Birmingham, 
his  services  being  given  to  every  call  of 
charity.  On  October  7,  1868,  he  was  publicly 
presented  with  a  gold  flute,  in  the  Union 
Hall,  Stourbridge,  a  gift  from  his  friends  and 
admirers.  The  instrument  was  designed 
from  his  own  plan  of  fingering,  and  has  82 
keys,  and  his  execution  on  it  coiild  not  be 
excelled.  His  friendship  with  Mr.  Walter 
Broadwood,  an  excellent  amateur  flutist, 
brought  him  into  contact  with  many  eminent 
musicians,  and  he  has  enjoyed  the  rare  ex- 
perience, in  private  circles,  of  playing  to  the 
pianoforte  accompaniment  of  Joseph  Joachim. 
He  has  composed  nearly  100  songs,  a  few 
of  which  are  published  ;  some  pieces  for 
flute ;  and  has  arranged  many  movements 
from  the  great  masters  for  his  instrument. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


275 


MATT. 

Betired  from  business,  he  still  devotes  him- 
self to  Music  at  his  home,  at  Clent,  in  Wor- 
cestershire. 

Matt,  Albert  E.,  trombonist,  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic and  other  orchestras.  He  is  the 
composer  of  an  orchestral  suite,  "  An  Evening 
Bamble  "  ;  "Rural  Scenes,"  in  three  move- 
ments; "Angelus";  Idyl,  "Sunset,"  per- 
formed by  the  Strolling  Players'  orchestra. 
Queen's  Hall,  1895 ;  Norwegian  Suite,  1897 ; 
Idyl,  "Dawn,"  etc.,  all  for  orchestra. 

Matthay,  Tobias  Augustus,  composer, 
pianist,  and  teacher,  born  at  Clapham,  Lon- 
don, February  19,  1858.  Entered  the  R.A.M. 
in  1871 ;  studied  composition  under  Sterndale 
Bennett,  Sullivan,  and  Prout ;  and  pf.  under 
W.  Dorrell,  and  W.  Macfarren.  First  Stern- 
dale  Bennett  Scholar,  1872  ;  and  awarded  the 
first  of  the  two  Read  Prizes  for  a  pf.  quartet, 
1879.  Made  a  Professor,  and  Associate,  of 
the  R.A.M.,  1880;  and  elected  a  Fellow  in 
1895.  While  a  student,  an  overture  and  other 
compositions  of  his  were  performed  at  the 
Academy  concerts.  He  gave  his  first  concert 
in  Clapham  Hall,  May  14,  1880,  when  his 
prize  quartet  was  performed  ;  and  since  1884 
has  given  annual  recitals  at  Prince's  Hall, 
Queen's  Hall,  etc.  He  has  contributed 
articles  on  music  generally,  and  pf.  tone- 
production  particularly,  to  The  Overture,  The 
Keyboard,  and  other  papers.  As  a  teacher  he 
has  done  excellent  work  at  the  R.A.M. ,  several 
of  the  most  promising  recent  students  having 
been  his  pupils.  His  compositions  are  already 
very  numerous,  and  are  outlined  in  the  sub- 
joined list. 

Works.  —  Orchestral:  Two  Symphonic 
movements ;  Four  Concert  overtures  (one 
produced  at  Promenade  Concerts,  1879)  ; 
Scherzi,  etc.  Concerto ;  Concert  allegro  in 
A  minor,  another  in  D  minor,  for  pf.  and 
orchestra.  Scena,  Hero  and  Leander,  con- 
tralto solo  and  orchestra.  Psalm  126,  for 
chorus.  Bright  be  the  place  of  thy  soul ; 
There  be  none  of  Beauty's  daughter's  ;  The 
gentle  eventide;  A  Lament  (Shelley),  and 
other  songs.  Fairies'  serenade,  part-song. 
String  quartet  (1872) ;  Quartet  in  F,  pf.  and 
strings  (Read  prize) ;  Trio,  pf .  and  strings ; 
IdyU,  in  D  flat,  violin  and  pf.,  Musical  Art- 
ists' Society,  1884  ;  Ballade,  'cello  and  pf., 
the  same,  1886.  About  70  pieces  for  pf.,  of 
which  may  be  mentioned.  Four  Novelletten  ; 
17  variations  on  an  original  Theme,  in  C ; 
Moods  of  a  moment,  10  numbers  ;  Sonata  in 
B  minor ;  35  variations  and  evolvements  on 
an  original  theme,  in  A  minor ;  Scottish 
dances ;   Lyrics,  etc. 

In  August,  1892,  he  married  Miss  Jessie 
Kennedy,  a  daughter  of  David  Kennedy  [q.v.) ; 
an  excellent  vocalist,  who  has  sung  in  Scot- 
land, 1885 ;  London,  1892 ;  and  assisted  at 
her  husband's  recitals,  etc. 


MATTMEWS. 

Matthew,  James  E.,  writer,  of  present 
time.  Author  of  "  A  popular  History  of 
Music,  Musical  Instruments,  Ballet,  and 
Opera,  from  St.  Ambrose  to  Mozart,"  Lon- 
don, Grevel,  1888;  "Manual  of  Musical 
History,"  an  enlargement  of  the  preceding, 
1892;  "The  Literature  of  Music,"  London, 
Stock,  1896. 

Matthews,  H.,  author  of  "  Observations 
on  Sound :  showing  the  causes  of  its  indis- 
tinctness in  churches,"  etc.    London,  1826. 

Matthews,  John,  organist,  violinist  and 
composer,  born  at  Liskeard,  Cornwall,  March 
27,  1856.  Studied  at  the  Conservatorium, 
Dresden,  under  Merkel,  and  Draeseke.  Has 
held  organ  appointments  at  St.  James's, 
Swansea  ;  Parish  Church,  St.  Austell,  Corn- 
wall ;  and,  since  1889,  has  been  organist  at 
St.  Stephen's,  Guernsey.  There  he  is  actively 
engaged  as  a  teacher  and  concert  giver.  His 
wife  is  a  clever  violoncellist,  and  takes  part 
in  the  chamber  concerts  given  by  him.  His 
compositions  include  an  Evening  Service  in 
D,  composed  for  the  St.  Austell  Deanery 
Choir  Festival,  1888;  Te  Deum  in  F;  anthem. 
Song  of  the  Streamlet ;  The  Mother  to  her 
Child ;  and  other  songs.  Part-songs,  How 
soft  the  shades,  etc.  Sonata  in  C  minor ; 
six  pieces,  organ  ;  pieces  for  violin ;  and  for 
pf.,  etc.  Editor  and  translator  of  Carl 
Schroeder's  Catechism  of  Violin  playing,  and 
of  Violoncello  playing,  Augener.  Other 
works  in  MS. 

Matthews,  John  Alexander,  organist 
and  conductor,  born  at  Gloucester,  June  17, 
1841.  Educated  at  King's  College  School, 
having  entered  the  Cathedral  Choir  in  1850. 
Articled  pupil  of,  and  assistant  organist  to, 
John  Amott,  and  after  his  death,  18G5,  acting 
organist  at  the  Cathedral,  until  the  appoint- 
ment of  Dr.  S.  S.  Wesley.  In  1866  he  went 
to  Cheltenham,  and  has  been  organist  and 
choirmaster  of  the  parish  church  of  St. 
Matthew  since  that  time.  He  started  a 
choral  society  which  is  now  known  as  the 
Festival  Society,  and  in  1887  organised  a 
Musical  Festival,  which  is  celebrated  trien- 
nially,  and  at  which  several  works  of  impor- 
tance have  been  produced.  This  is  under  his 
own  management.  In  1893  he  founded  the 
County  of  Gloucester  ]\Iusical  Festival  Asso- 
ciation, numbering  more  than  2,000  members. 
He  was  for  15  years  connected  with  the 
Gloucester  Choral  Society,  as  choirmaster, 
organist,  and  conductor.  In  1876  he  received 
a  public  testimonial  from  this  society  at  the 
hands  of  the  then  Mayor  of  Gloucester, 
Anthony  Jones,  Esq.,  and  in  1890,  a  similar 
token  of  regard  through  the  Mayor  of 
Cheltenham,  Colonel  Thoytes,  at  the  close 
of  the  Festival.  He  has  had  a  busy  life  as  a 
teacher ;  is  hon.  local  representative  of 
B.A.M.,  and  hon.  examiner  for  B.C.M.  ;  and 


27G 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MATTHEWS. 

prominent  in  the  work  of  the  Incorporated 
Society  of  ^lusicians.  Hon.  Hfe  member  of 
Trinity  College,  London.  Of  his  composi- 
tions, the  songs.  The  Language  of  the  Heart ; 
God  is  Love  ;  Church  Bells  ;  and  The  Merry 
May,  are  the  best  known. 

Matthews,  Julia,  soprano  vocalist  and 
actress,  born  in  Australia.  She  sang  princi- 
pally in  opira  bouffe,  and  appeared  in  the 
title  -  part  of  Offenbach's  "  La  Grande 
Duchesse,"  on  its  first  production  in  Eng- 
lish, Covent  Garden,  November  16,  1867. 
She  was  also  the  original  Madame  Lange,  in 
the  English  version  of  Lecocq's  "  La  Fille  de 
Madame  Angot,"  produced  at  the  Philhar- 
monic Theatre,  London,  November?  1873. 
She  died  at  New  York,  May,  1876,  at  the 
early  age  of  34. 

Matthews,  Rev.  Timothy  Richard, 
clergyman  and  musician,  born  at  Colm worth 
Bectory,  near  Bedford,  November  4,  1826. 
Educated  at  Bedford  Grammar  School  and 
graduated  B.A,,  Cambridge,  in  1853.  He 
studied  the  organ  under  Sir  George  Elvey. 
Bector  of  North  Coates,  near  Grimsby,  from 
1869. 

Works. — Tunes  for  holy  worship,  London, 
1859,  2nd  edit.,  1860.  The  village-church 
tune-book,  London,  1859.  Congregational 
melodies  ;  a  collection  of  tunes,  chants  and 
responses,  London  [1862].  Hymn  tunes, 
London  [1867].  North  Coates  supplemental 
tune  book,  London,  [1878],  1883,  etc.  Ang- 
lican chants  (Hatchards).  The  village  or- 
ganist, London  [1877].  His  hymn  tunes, 
Ludborough,  Chenies,  and  Winthorpe,  have 
been  often  printed. 

Matthison,  Arthur,  vocalist,  actor  and 
author,  born  in  Birmingham,  January  81, 
1826.  He  studied  singing  in  Italy  as  a  tenor, 
but  his  voice  afterwards  changed  to  a  bari- 
tone of  rich  quality  ;  and  he  had  the  rare 
experience  of  singing,  at  different  periods, 
the  tenor  and  the  bass  solos  in  the  "  Messiah." 
On  the  stage  he  took  singing  parts,  but  acted 
in  melodrama  at  Drury  Lane  and  elsewhere. 
For  several  years  he  was  at  Booth's  Theatre, 
New  York.  He  was  a  man  of  versatile 
ability,  his  dramatic  works,  including 
"  Harold,"  a  five-act  drama,  and  a  most 
successful  skit  on  the  hysterical  drama, 
"More  than  ever"  (1882),  exceeding  twenty 
in  number  ;  and  he  also  wrote  the  English 
versions  of  Balfe's  "  Talismano,"  Rossini's 
"  Mose  in  Egitto  "  (for  the  Sacred  Harmonic 
production  of  the  work  as  an  oratorio.  May, 
1878),  "  Mignon,"  and  "  La  Dame  Blanche," 
for  Carl  Rosa,  the  libretto  of  "  Rebekah  "  for 
Joseph  Barnby,  and  other  pieces.  His  poem, 
"  The  little  Hero,"  was  set  by  Michael  May- 
brick.  A  volume  of  Sketches  and  Essays 
was  published  by  J.  Camden  Hotten,  London, 
n.d.    He  died  in  London,  May  21,  1883.     His 


MAXWELL. 

younger  brother,  Henry  Matthison,  too 
much  engaged  in  official  life  in  Birmingham 
to  enter  the  musical  profession,  was  for  naany 
years  in  request  as  a  concert  singer,  having 
a  sweet  tenor  voice.  He  married  the  Welsh 
contralto,  Kate  Wynne  (g;.v.),  sister  of  Edith 
Wynne. 

Maunder,  John  Henry,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  Chelsea,  London,  1858. 
Musically  educated  at  the  R.A.M.  Organist, 
St.  Matthew's,  Sydenham,  1876-7  ;  St.  Paul's^ 
Forest  Hill,  1878-9.  Conductor  of  the  Civil 
Service  Vocal  Union,  from  1881.  Has  done 
much  work  as  accompanist,  and  in  that 
capacity  has  been  especially  connected  with 
Mr.  Sims  Reeves,  playing  for  him  at  his  fare- 
well concert,  at  the  Albert  Hall,  May  11, 
1891.  He  trained  the  choir  for  Henry  Irving's 
original  production  of  "  Faust  "  at  the 
Lyceum  Theatre,  December,  1887.  His 
compositions  include  an  operetta,  "  Daisy 
Dingle  "  (Forest  Hill,  1885) ;  a  cantata  for 
men's  voices,  "  The  Martyrs,"  composed  for 
the  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  Concerts,  and 
produced,  May  25,  1894  ;  he  has  also  pub- 
lished several  anthems,  settings  of  the  Te 
Deum,  and  Benedicite,  two  Evening  Services, 
carols,  a  chorus,  "  Thor's  War  Song,"  songs, 
etc. 

Maurice,  Rev.  Peter,  D.D,,  writer  and 
clergyman,  born  in  1804.  Vicar  of  Yarnton, 
Woodstock,  and  Chaplain  of  New  College, 
Oxford.  He  died  at  Y'arnton  vicarage,  March 
.30,  1878.  Author  of  "  What  shall  we  do  with 
Music  ?  a  letter  to  the  Earl  of  Derby,"  Lon- 
don, 1856.  "Choral  Harmony,  a  collection 
of  tunes  in  short  score  for  four  voices,"  1854. 
He  composed  an  evening  service,  hymn  tunes, 
etc. 

Maxfield,  William  Henry,  composer 
and  organist,  born  April  27,  1849,  at  North 
Somercotes,  Lincolnshire.  Chorister,  .St. 
Philip's,  Hulme,  Manchester,  1860-5,  and 
pupil  of  P.  Pugh  and  Dr.  Hiles.  F.R.C.O., 
1888.  Took  the  Toronto  Mus.  Bac,  1889. 
Has  held  appointments  as  organist  and  choir- 
master at  St.  Peter's,  Levenshulme,  1866  ; 
St.  Thomas',  Norbury,  1872  ;  St  George's, 
Altrincham,  1879  ;  and  has  been,  from  1884, 
at  St.  John's,  Altrincham.  Conductor  of 
Choral  Societies  at  Altrincham,  Bowden,  and 
other  places  ;  and  lecturer  on  subjects  con- 
nected with  nmsic. 

Works. — Cantatas:  Jacob  and  Esau  (1888); 
Star  of  the  East  (1889)  ;  The  Lord  is  risen 
(1890);  and  The  old,  old  story  (1892).  Choral 
Ballad,  Delphi,  men's  voices  and  orchestra  ; 
The  Silver  Lily,  cantata  for  female  voices. 
Anthems,  and  compositions  for  pf.,  organ, 
etc.  Edited  Collection  of  Fifty  Minstrel 
Songs  ;  Fifty  Favourite  Songs,  etc. 

Maxwell,  Francis  Kelly,  author  of 
"  An  Essay  upon  Tune,  being  an  attempt  to 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


277 


MAY. 

free  the  scale  of  Music  and  the  tune  of  instru- 
ments from  imperfection,"  Edinburgh,  1781 ; 
London,  1794.     Maxwell  died  in  1782. 

May,  Edward  Collett,  organist  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Greenwich,  October  29, 
1806.  He  studied  music  and  the  organ  under 
Adams,  Potter,  and  Crivelli.  Organist  of 
Greenwich  Hospital,  1837-G9.  Professor  of 
Vocal  Music  in  Queen's  College,  London. 
He  died  at  London,  January  2,  1887.  Author 
of  "  Progressive  Vocal  Exercises  for  daily 
practice,"  London  [1853],  and  composer  of 
songs,  etc.  He  was  celebrated  as  an  organist 
and  teacher. 

May,  Florence,  pianist  and  composer, 
•daughter  of  the  foregoing,  born  in  London. 
Her  musical  talent  showed  itself  very  early, 
and  was  fostered  by  her  father  and  uncle  ; 
but  it  was  not  until  some  years  later,  after 
receiving  some  lessons  from  Madame  Schu- 
mann, that  the  young  pianist  devoted  herself 
to  music  as  a  profession.  Through  Madame 
Schumann's  influence,  Johannes  Brahms 
accepted  Florence  May  as  a  pupil,  and  to  that 
happy  circumstance  is  due  her  great  success 
as  an  interpreter  of  his  music.  After  some 
years  spent  in  Germany,  she  returned  to 
London  about  1873,  and  continuing  her 
studies  for  a  further  period,  she  gave  her 
first  recital  in  the  Beethoven  Rooms,  Febru- 
ary 3,  1875.  At  the  Bennett  j\Iemorial 
Concert,  March  ,0,  at  St.  James's  Hall,  she 
played  the  deceased  Master's  F  minor  Con- 
certo. Then  followed  engagements  in  London, 
Liverpool,  and  other  places.  Further  study 
in  harmony,  etc.,  with  her  father  and  Sir  G. 
A.  Macfarren  was  followed  by  another  visit 
to  Germany,  and  she  studied  under  Bargiel, 
in  Berlin.  Two  compositions  of  hers,  Bene- 
dictus  and  Osanua,  were  performed  in  Berlin 
at  that  time.  In  1885  she  returned  to  London, 
but  has  since  naade  several  tours  in  Germany, 
giving  recitals  in  Vienna,  1890-96,  etc.,  and 
has  tiken  her  place  among  the  leading  pianists 
of  the  time,  giving  annual  recitals  in  London. 
Her  published  compositions  include  Three 
Mazurkas,  Bourr^e  ;  Waltzes,  op.  4  ;  and 
other  pf.  pieces.  Three  choruses  for  female 
voices  ;  Six  songs  witli  German  and  English 
words  (her  own  translation).  She  has  also 
edited  a  collection  of  pieces  by  Old  Masters, 
from  works  written  for  harpsichord,  including 
some  by  Henry  Symonds  {(J-V-). 

May,  John,  musician,  of  early  part  of  the 
present  century,  composed  "  A  selection  of 
songs,  duetts,  glees,  waltzes,  etc.,  arranged 
for  1,  2,  or  3  German  flutes  or  patent  flageo- 
lets," Edinburgh,  1809.  "The  Royal  Marine 
Quadrilles,  for  pf.,"  London  [1825]. 

May,  Oliver,  pianist,  born  at  Greenwich, 
January  27,  1814.  His  first  instruction  in 
music  was  received  from  his  brother,  Edward 
Collett,   noticed  above.     At   the   R.A.IM.   he 


MAYBRICK. 

studied  for  over  five  years,  under  Cipriani 
Potter,  and  on  leaving  was  appointed  organist 
at  a  chapel  on  Blackheath.  Later  he  officiated 
for  some  years  at  a  church  in  Bermondsey,  and 
was  for  a  short  time,  previous  to  1857,  organist 
at  St.  Martin-in-the-Fields.  He  was  ap- 
pointed a  professor  of  the  pf .  at  Queen's  College, 
London,  at  its  foundation.  A  member  of  the 
original  committee  of  the  Bach  Society,  Lon- 
don, he  was  an  active  worker  while  the  society 
existed ;  and  was  for  many  years  a  member, 
and  occasionally  a  director  of  the  Philhar- 
monic Society;  also  a  Fellow,  R.A.M.  His 
retiring  disposition  militated  against  a  public 
life,  but  as  a  teacher  he  was  in  great  request 
and  highly  valued.  He  died  at  St.  Albans, 
April  12,  1894.  A  fellow  student  at  the 
R.A.M.  with  Sterndale  Bennett,  the  closest 
intimacy  existed  between  them.  Many  in- 
teresting mementos  of  Bennett  and  others  at 
his  death  came  into  the  possession  of  his 
niece,  Florence  May  (q-v-).  His  ijublished 
works  were  few  ;  an  overture,  Don  Sebastian, 
op.  1,  arranged  for  pf .  duet ;  I  seek  the  haunts ; 
The  Moon's  pale  beam,  and  other  songs.  In 
MS.  remain  a  quartet  for  pf.  and  strings ; 
songs,  madrigals,  and  pf.  pieces. 

Maybrick,  Michael,  Stephen  Adams, 
baritone  vocalist  and  composer,  born  at  Liver- 
pool, 1844.  Studied  under  W.  T.  Best,  and 
was  organist  of  St.  Peter's  Church.  Liverpool, 
1858.  In  1866  he  went  to  Leipzig,  and 
studied  at  the  Conservatorium  under  Mos- 
cheles,  Plaidy,  and  Richter ;  but  later  turned 
his  attention  to  singing,  and  studied  with 
Gaetano  Nava.  He  sang  at  the  Oratorio 
Concerts,  London,  February  25,  1869,  and  in 
the  provinces  that  year ;  at  the  New  Phil- 
harmonic Concerts,  1870 ;  at  the  Bristol  Fes- 
tival, 1876 ;  at  the  principal  London  and 
provincial  concerts;  and  in  1884,  toured  in 
the  United  States  and  Canada.  As  the  in- 
terpreter of  his  own  songs  ho  has  been  a  great 
favourite.  Of  these  songs  may  be  mentioned, 
A  warrior  bold ;  Nancy  Lee ;  The  Tar's  fare- 
well ;  Garonne  ;  Good  Company  ;  Blue  Alsa- 
tian mountains  ;  Star  of  Bethlehem  ;  Children 
of  the  City;  Valley  by  the  Sea;  Genevieve; 
Little  Hero ;  Holy  City ;  Sweet  Kildare ; 
]\Iona  ;  Romany  Lass ;  Fiona,  etc.  Many  of 
these,  particularly  "  Nancy  Lee,"  enjoyed 
extraordinary  popularity. 

Other  musicians  of  the  name,  and  pre- 
sumably of  the  same  family,  were  William 
Maybrick,  born  1773;  died,  1843,  a  composer 
of  whom  nothing  appears  to  bo  known  ;  and 
Michael  Maybrick,  his  son,  born  1799; 
died  at  Liverpool,  ]\Iay,  1846.  He  was  a  pupil 
of  Richard  Wainwright.  Organist  of  St. 
Peter's,  Liverpool,  and  organist  and  conductor 
of  the  Liverpool  Choral  Society.  He  pub- 
lished "Twelve  Voluntaries  for  the  Organ; 
composed   in   a   free  style,  and   founded  on. 


278 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MAYCOCK. 

Church  melodies"  (W.  Blackman,  1844?), 
2  books.  Also  two  sets  of  original  chants ; 
arrangements  for  pf. ;  IMozfirt's  favourite  air, 
"Life  let  us  cherish,"  with  new  variations 
for  pf.,  etc. 

Maycock,  John  Henry,  clarinet  player, 
was  for  35  years  in  the  orchestra  of  the  Royal 
Italian  Opera,  and  of  Drury  Lane.  During 
his  time  many  English  operas  were  produced, 
and  it  was  for  him  that  Balfe  wrote  the  corno 
di  bassetto  introduction  to  "The  heart  bowed 
down,"  and  the  bass  clarinet  solo  in  "The 
Daughter  of  St.  ]\Iark."  For  over  fifty  years 
Maycock  occupied  a  high  position  as  a  per- 
former. He  retired  from  public  life  in  1892, 
at  the  age  of  75. 

Maynard,  John,  lute-player  and  com- 
poser, of  the  IGth  and  17th  centuries,  pub- 
lished "The  xii.  Wonders  of  the  World,  set 
and  composed  for  the  Violl  de  Gambo,  the 
lute,  and  the  voyce,  to  sing  the  verse,  all 
three  jointly,  and  none  severall ;  also  Lessons 
for  the  Lute  and  Basse  violl  to  play  alone ; 
with  some  Lessons  to  play  lyra-wayes  alone, 
or  if  you  will,  to  fill  up  the  parts  with  another 
violl  set  lute-way,"  London,  IGll. 

Maynard,  John,  musician,  of  Ponder's 
End,  Essex,  wrote  "  Forty-eight  original  hymn 
tunes,  and  two  pieces,"  London  [1830] . 

Maynard,   Walter,  see  Beale,  Thomas 

WlLLERT. 

Mayo,  Charles,  surgeon  and  amateur 
musician,  born  at  Winchester  in  1837 ;  died 
on  a  voyage  to  Sydney  in  1877.  Author  of  a 
pamphlet  on  the  "  Organ  in  New  College 
Chapel"  [Oxford],  1875. 

Mayo,  Rev.  Charles  Herbert,  author 
and  musician.  Vicar  of  Long  Burton  with 
Holnest,  Dorset,  since  1872.  He  has  pub- 
lished a  number  of  antiquarian  works,  family 
histories,  and  lias  issued  "Traditional  Carols 
for  Christmas  Tide,  sung  at  Long  Burton, 
Dorset. .  .  .harmonies  arranged  by  E.  C.  How- 
arth,"  Sherborne  [1893].  He  also  edited 
"Bibliotheca  Dorsetiensis,"  1885. 

Mazzinghi,  Joseph,  composer,  was  born 
at  London,  December  25,  1765.  He  belonged 
to  a  Corsican  family,  from  which  he  derived 
the  title  of  Count.  Pupil  of  J  C.  Bach,  An- 
fossi,  and  Sacchini.  Musical  director  of  King's 
Theatre,  1784.  Music  teacher  to  Princess  of 
Wales.     He  died  at  Bath,  January  15,  1844. 

Works. — Miisical  dramas :  A  day  in  Turkey, 
1791;  Paul  and  Virginia,  1800;  Blind  Girl, 
1801 ;  Exile,  1808;  La  belle  Arsene;  Sappho  et 
Phaon  ;  Magician  no  conjuror;  Free  Knights; 
Ramah  Droog  (with  Reeve) ;  Turnpike  Gate 
(Reeve) ;  Chains  of  the  Heart  (with  Reeve) ; 
Wife  of  two  Husbands.  Glees,  trios,  songs,  etc.: 
And  whither  would  you  lead  me ;  Ava  Maria; 
O  Brignal  banks;  The  captive  to  his  bird; 
Cypress  wreath  ;  Each  throbbing  heart ;  For 
tenderness  formed ;  Had  I  a  heart ;  Harril  the 


MEEN. 

brave;  Hart  and  hind  are  in  their  lair;  Haste, 
0  haste,  glorious  light;  Hope  told  a  flattering 
tale  ;  Huntsman  rest ;  I  seek  my  shepherd  gon& 
astray;  If  the  treasured  gold;  John  of  Brent; 
Lady  beware ;  Lillo  Lee ;  Lochgyle ;  The  Min- 
strel's summons;  Mirth  and  beauty;  The 
negro's  glee;  Nocturnal  besiegers;  0  young 
Lochinvar  ;  Pastoral  Rondo  ;  Roderick  Vich 
Alpine  ;  Soldier  rest ;  Wake  maid  of  Lorn  ; 
When  order  in  this  land  commenced  ;  When 
Phoebus  rays  no  more  appear ;  When  tell-tale 
echoes ;  and,  Where  shall  the  lover  rest.  Songs, 
ballads,  etc.  He  also  composed  Admiral  Lord 
Nelson's  victory,  a  sonata  in  commemoration 
of  the  glorious  1st  of  August.  Twelve  airs 
for  the  pf.,  with  accompaniments  for  a  flute 
and  tambourine.  A  large  number  of  sonatas 
and  other  pf.  pieces.  Selection  of  German 
national  melodies. . .  .London  [1815] . 

Meadowcroft,  John,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  1827,  He  was  a  chorister 
in  ISIanchester  Cathedral,  and  for  ten  years 
honorary  organist  at  the  cathedral  evening 
services.  He  died  at  Scarborough,  August 
28,  1873.  Composer  of  chants  and  editor  of 
a  psalter. 

Mee,  Rev.  John  Henry,  composer  and 
writer  on  music,  born  at  Riddings  Vicarage, 
Derbyshire,  August  16,  1852.  Scholar  and 
Taberdar,  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  1871 ;  first- 
class  in  Classical  Moderations,  1873;  first- 
class  in  Literse  Humaniores,  1875  ;  B.A.,  and 
Fellow,  Merton's  College,  1875 ;  Succentor, 
Queen's  College,  1876 ;  M.A.  and  classical 
lecturer,  Worcester  College,  1878;  Mus.  Bac, 
1882 ;  Mus.  Doc,  1888,  Oxford.  Ordained  Dea- 
con, 1876;  Priest,  1877,  by  Bishop  of  Oxford. 
Public  Examiner  in  University  of  Oxford  three 
times;  Hon.  Fellow,  St.  Michael's  College, 
Tenbury,  1886 ;  Precentor  of  Chichester  Cathe- 
dral, 1889;  County  Councillor  for  West  Sussex, 
1890 ;  and  Coryphaeus  of  Oxford  University, 
1890.  Dr.  Mee  has  done  much  for  chamber 
music  in  Oxford,  and  has  lectured  at  the  Mu- 
sical Association,  etc.  He  has  also  contri- 
buted the  articles  Steibelt,  Vogler,  and  others 
to  Grove's  Dictionary. 

Works. — Dies  Ascensionis  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra ;  Missa  Solennis  in  B  flat,  for 
soli,  double-chorus,  and  orchestra,  Oxford, 
November  9, 1888.  Ballads  for  men's  chorus 
and  orchestra:  Horatius,  London,  April  21, 
1891;  Delphi,  Oxford,  1895.  Christmas 
Carols  set  to  music ;  God  who  at  sundry 
times,  anthem.  Madrigals,  Chloris'  singing. 
Madrigal  Society's  prize,  1887  ;  The  lesson  of 
Love.  Motet.  Quartet  in  G,  strings  ;  Fan- 
tasia, organ,  etc. 

Meen,  Fountain,  pianist  and  organist, 
born  at  Hackney,  London,  September  14, 
1846.  Not  being  originally  brought  up  to  the 
musical  profession,  his  studies  were  private, 
and  he  is  for  the  most  part  self-taught.     Has 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


279 


MEGONE. 

been  organist  successively  at  Clapton  Wes- 
leyan  Chapel ;  St.  Mary's,  Stoke  Newington  ; 
and,  since  1880,  at  Union  Chapel,  Islington. 
Was  organist  to  the  Saci'ed  Harmonic  Society 
for  the  last  seven  years  of  its  existence,  and 
has  played  organ  solos  at  the  Annual  Festivals 
of  the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians,  of  which 
he  is  a  memher.  In  1886  he  succeeded  the 
late  Josiah  Pittman  as  professor  of  the  organ 
at  the  Guildhall  School  of  ]Music.  He  is  also 
Local  Examiner  for  R.C.M.,  and  an  Associate 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  As  a  pianist  he 
is  chiefly  known  as  a  skilful  accompanist. 

Megone,  Norfolk,  conductor,  born  in 
London,  March  15,  1860.  Studied  as  an 
amateur  under  Otto  Standke,  at  Bonn  ;  and 
also  Leipzig  and  Frankfort.  On  his  return 
to  London  he  became  connected  with  several 
musical  societies,  and  founded  the  Belsize 
Amateur  Orchestral  Society.  In  1882  he 
organised  the  orchestra  of  the  Strolling  Play- 
ers' Amateur  Dramatic  Club,  and  gave  a 
number  of  excellent  concerts.  He  joined  the 
profession  in  1889,  and  was  appointed  conduc- 
tor of  the  Devonshire  Park  Concerts,  East- 
bourne ;  also  of  the  Private  Banks  Musical 
Society  in  1890.  He  has  composed  "  (Enone," 
and  other  valses,  for  orchestra,  etc. 
-  Melba,  Madame,  s^ce  Armstrong,  Helen 
Porter. 

Mell,  Davis,  violinist,  and  clock-maker, 
born  at  Wilton,  near  Salisbury,  Nov.  15, 1604. 
He  was  esteemed  the  fin  est  violin  player  in  Eng- 
land prior  to  the  arrival  of  Baltzar.  Some  of 
his  compositions  are  to  be  found  in  Christopher 
Simpson's  "  Division  Violin,"  1684.  The  date 
of  his  death  is  unknown,  but  he  was  a  musi- 
cian in  the  service  of  Charles  II. 

Meller,  Clara,  pianist,  born  at  Clifton, 
Bristol,  February  3,  1856.  Studied  there, 
and  in  London,  proceeding  to  Leipzig  in 
1871.  There  she  entered  the  Conservatorium, 
studying  under  Oscar  Paul,  and  Reinecke. 
She  returned  to  England,  and  appeared  in 
concerts  in  London  and  the  provinces,  but 
was  back  again  in  Germany  in  1876.  In  1880 
she  was  married  to  Dr.  Hermann  Kretzschmar, 
now  University  Musical  Director,  Leipzig. 
Her  professional  career  was  not  abandoned, 
and  she  occupies  a  high  position  as  a  pianist 
in  Germany. 

Mellon,  Alfred,  composer  and  violinist, 
born  in  London,  April  7,  1820.  His  earlier 
years  were  spent  in  Birmingham,  of  which 
place  his  parents  were  natives.  He  was  a 
violinist  at  the  Royal  Italian  Opera,  London, 
and  conductor  at  Haymarket  Theatre ;  the 
Adelphi  ;  and  of  Pyne  and  Harrison  Opera 
Company  ;  the  IMusical  Society  ;  Promenade 
Concerts,  Coven t  Garden;  Liverpool  Philhar- 
monic Society,  1865.  Married  to  Miss  Wool- 
gar,  the  actress.  He  died  at  Chelsea,  London, 
March  27,  1867. 


MERRIOTT. 

Works. — Irish  Dragoon,  opera,  1845 ;  Mys- 
terious stranger,  1846 ;  Victorine,  opera, Covent 
Garden,  1859.  Crown'd  with  clusters  of  the 
vine,  glee  (1850) ;  Thou  soft-flowing  Avon  ; 
Good  night ;  Let  concord  tune  the  strain,  etc. 
Cupid's  eyes,  song,  and  numerous  other  songs 
and  j)f.  pieces.  ' 

Mellor,  Richard,  organist,  born  at  Hud- 
dersfield,  March  23,  1816.  Was  appointed 
organist  at  Zion  Chapel,  Lindley,  when  just 
eighteen  ;  and  later  held  similar  posts  at 
Linthwaite  Church;  Honley  Wesleyan  Chapel 
(where  he  played  the  peolophon,  a  precursor 
of  the  harmonium)  ;  St.  Patrick's  Roman 
Catholic  Church,  Huddersfield ;  and  Rams- 
den  Street  Independent  Chapel,  where  he 
remained  33  years.  He  retired  from  active 
duty  about  1874,  but  played  the  organ  at  the 
Huddersfield  Exhibition  of  1883.  For  some 
years  he  undertook  concert  arrangements, 
and  introduced  Sims  Reeves  and  other  great 
artists  to  Huddersfield,  and  was  a  notable 
figure  in  the  musical  life  of  that  town. 

Melton,  William,  writer.  Chancellor  of 
the  Duchy  of  York,  flourished  during  the 
early  part  of  the  16th  century.  Author  of  a 
treatise  entitled,  "  De  Musicse  Ecclesiasticte," 
preserved  in  MS. 

Menzies,  Archibald,  violinist  and  fa- 
mous reel  player,  was  born  at  Dull,  Perth- 
shire, in  1806,  and  died  at  Edinburgh  on 
July  16,  1856.  He  was  in  the  orchestra  of 
the  Theatre  Royal,  Edinburgh,  and  took  part 
in  many  competition  concerts  organised  by 
Jullien  and  others. 

Menzies,  Daniel,  amateur  composer  and 
violinist,  was  born  about  1790,  and  died 
about  1828.  He  was  a  captain  in  the  army. 
He  composed  a  number  of  good  strathspeys, 
which  are  contained  in  the  collections  of 
Duncan  M'Kercher. 

Merbeck,  John.     See  IMarbeok,  John. 

Meredith,  Edward,  bass  singer,  born 
near  Wrexham  in  1741.  He  was  discovered 
by  Sir  W.  Wynn  singing  in  a  cooper's  work- 
shop, and  was  by  that  baronet  put  with 
singing  masters  and  properly  trained.  He 
had  a  very  fine  voice  and  sang  at  the  Ancient 
Concerts  in  London,  but  was  chiefly  identified 
with  Liverpool,  where  he  sang  at  all  the 
principal  concerts.  He  died  at  Wrexham, 
December  26,  1H09. 

Merriott,  Edwin,  composer,  of  first  half 
of  the  present  century.  He  compiled  "  Select 
portions  of  tlie  Psalms  of  David,  with  original 
melodies. ..  .sung  at  Farnham  and  Basing- 
stoke "  [1826].  Composer  of  a  large  number 
of  marches  for  military  band  or  pf.,  among 
which  may  be  mentioned  a  once  popular  one 
in  imitation  of  a  band  in  the  distance  [1835]. 
The  success  of  this  led  to  the  composition  of 
many  other  marches — Circassian,  Coronation, 
etc.,  issued  between  1835  and  1840.     He  also 


280 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


MERRYLEES. 

published  Drawing  Room  Melodies,  London, 
[1838]  ;  Progressive  Exercises  for  the  pf. 
[1838J  ;  Progressive  Lessons  for  the  pf.  [1826- 
1836].     Songs,  etc. 

Merrylees,  James,  amateur  composer, 
born  at  Paisley,  April  10,  1824.  He  studied 
music  under  John  Curwen  and  Colin  Brown, 
and  gained  the  Euing  silver  and  gold  medals 
for  the  best  hymn  tunc  and  anthem,  in  com- 
petition, in  1871-72.  He  died  at  DuUatur, 
Dumbartonshire  (detached),  October  31,  1891. 
Editor  of  the  accompaniments  in  "  The 
Thistle,"  a  collection  of  Scots  music  compiled 
by  Colin  Brown.  He  also  arranged  for  four 
voices,  Stewart's  "  Killin  Collection  of  Gaelic 
Melodies."  His  compositions  were  chiefly 
part-songs,  anthems,  and  hymn  tunes,  such 
as  "  Atlantic,"  "  Formosa,"  etc. 

Metcalfe,  Rev.  Joseph  Powell,  mu- 
sician and  clerg}'man,  born  at  Canterbury  in 
1824.  He  was  educated  at  Cambridge,  and 
graduated  B.A.,  1847  ;  M.A.,  1850.  Ordained 
in  1847.  Rector  of  Bilbrough,  Yorkshire, 
1856. 

Works. — School  Round  Book.  Rules  in 
Rhymes  and  Rounds.  Metrical  Anthems. 
Rounds,  Catches,  and  Canons  of  England 
(with  E.  F.  Rinibault),  London,  1873.  Con- 
tributions to  Musical  Literature,  etc. 

Middleton,  Edward  Hulton,  organist, 
born  at  Failsworth,  near  jNIanchester,  Febru- 
ary 26,  1858.  Articled  pupil  of  J.  Kendrick 
Pyne ;  also  studied  under  James  Pattinson, 
Dr.  H.  Watson,  and  Henrv  Wilson.  F.R.C.O. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1884  ;  Mus.  Doc,  1887, 
Cambridge.  Organist  of  St.  Mary's,  Higher 
Crumpsall,  INIanchester,  1880 ;  Professor  of 
Music,  Wesley  College,  Sheffield,  1883 ;  and 
from  1889  organist  and  choirmaster,  Kelvin- 
side  Free  Church,  Glasgow.  Has  given  organ 
recitals  at  Edinburgh  Exhibition,  1890,  etc., 
and  has  composed  a  Cantate  Domino,  and  Te 
Deum.  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra. 

Midgley,  Samuel,  pianist,  born  at  Bier- 
ley,  near  Bradford,  Yorkshire,  December  22, 
1849.  His  father  played  the  violin,  and  was 
sometime  choirmaster  at  Bethel  Chapel,  Bier- 
ley.  The  son  had  his  first  organ  appointment 
at  this  chapel,  and  held  the  like  at  Salem 
Chapel,  and  Tong  Street  Church.  He  studied 
for  a  time  under  James  Broughton,  and 
afterwards  proceeded  to  Leipzig,  where  he 
studied  under  Reinecke,  Papperitz,  Oscar 
Paul,  and  others.  At  the  public  examination, 
Easter,  1874,  he  distinguished  himself  in  the 
performance  of  Bennett's  F  minor  Concerto. 
On  his  return  he  settled  at  Bradford,  and  gave 
his  first  chamber  concert,  September  23, 1874. 
He  has  given  annv^al  series  of  these  ever  since, 
and  brought  forward  many  important  works 
by  Parry,  Stanford,  Mackenzie,  Prout,  Ashton, 
and  others,  besides  compositions  of  Bennett, 
"Westrop,  etc.    He  is  conductor  of  Cleckheaton 


MILLAR. 

Philharmonic  Society ;  pianist  at  the  Ilkley 
subscription  concerts ;  and  accompanist  at 
the  Bradford  subscription  concerts,  and  writer 
of  the  analytical  programmes  for  the  same. 
Examiner  for  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians  ;  and  local  representative,  R.A.M., 
and  R.C.M.  In  1888  he  married  Henrietta 
ToMLiNSON,  a  soprano  vocalist,  who  has  sung 
in  oratorio  and  ballad  concerts  throughout 
Y'orkshire  and  adjoining  counties,  and  has 
also  been  heard  in  London,  with  her  sister, 
Marion  Tomlinson,  an  excellent  contralto. 

Miles,  P.  Napier,  amateur  composer  of 
present  time.  Pupil  of  Dr.  Hubert  Parry. 
His  setting  cf  Coleridge's  '  Hymn  before 
sunrise,"  for  baritone  solo,  chorus,  and  orch- 
estra, was  produced  at  the  Bristol  Festival, 
October  15,  1896.  He  has  also  composed  a 
Symphonic  Suite  for  orchestra,  produced  at 
Riseley's  concerts,  Bristol ;  and  a  Sonata  in 
B  minor,  for  violin  and  pf.,  Bristol,  1892. 

Miles,  R.  E.,  bass  vocalist,  born  in  Roch- 
ester, ]May  24,  1857.  At  the  age  of  nine, 
entered  the  Cathedral  as  a  chorister,  remain- 
ing there  five  years.  Then  for  a  time  was 
tutor  and  musical  instructor  in  the  family  of 
Captain  ]Malcolm,  R.E.  Afterwards  entered 
R.A.M.,  as  a  pupil  of  Alberto  Randegger.  In 
1881,  appointed  choirmaster  of  St.  Mark's, 
Lewisham  ;  and  in  1886,  elected  to  the  choir 
of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  both  of  which  positions 
he  still  retains.  Appointed  by  Sir  G.  A. 
Macfarren,  professor  of  singing,  R.A.M.,  1884. 
Professor,  Guildhall  School,  1896.  Has  sung 
in  oratorio  at  the  principal  concerts ;  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  and  Royal  Albert  Hall,  etc., 
and  is  a  successful  teacher  of  singing.  Of 
his  compositions,  church  services,  and  many 
songs  are  in  j\IS.,  but  he  has  published  a  few 
songs.  The  Stars  are  with  the  voyager.  The 
language  of  the  heart,  etc. ;  also  a  leaflet, 
"  How  to  Sing  a  Song." 

Milgrove,  Benjamin,  composer,  born 
prob:ibly  at  Bath  about  1731.  He  was  pre- 
centor of  the  Countess  of  Huntingdon's  chapel, 
Bath,  and  died  in  1810.  Composer  of  Church 
music,  and  of  "  Sixteen  hymns  as  they  are 
sung  at  the  Right  Honourable  the  Countess  of 
Huntingdon's  Chapel  in  Bath  "  [1769] . 

Millar,  Marian,  pianist  and  writer,  bom 
in  Manchester.  Studied  under  Dr.  Hiles, 
and  gained  First  Class  honours,  with  dis- 
tinction, in  Cambridge  University  higher 
local  examinations  in  music,  1884 ;  and  the 
Professional  Diploma  (in  pf.  playing)  of  the 
Incorporated  Society  of  Musicians,  with  First 
Class  honours,  1886.  Though  not  the  first  of 
her  sex  to  pass  the  Examination  for  a  Degree 
in  !Music  at  an  English  University — vide 
Elizabeth  Stirling,  1856 ;  Adelaide  Thomas, 
and  Emilie  B.  Grant,  1892,— Miss  ]\Iillar  has 
the  distinction  of  being  the  first  woman  to 
obtain  the  degree  of  Mus.  Bac, — at  Victoria 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


281 


MILLAR. 

University,  Manchester,  June,  1894.  She  is 
professor  of  harmony  and  pf.  at  the  Man- 
chester High  School  for  Girls,  an  appoint- 
ment held  from  1884.  Her  degree  exercise 
was  "  A  Song  of  Praise,"  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
small  orchestra.  She  wrote  the  libretto  of 
"The  Crusaders"  (Dr.  Hiles),  and  "The 
Armada "  (G.  J.  Miller)  ;  and  contributed 
many  articles  and  translations  bo  The  Quarterly 
Musical  Review  (^Manchester,  Hej'wood,  1885- 
8),  with  some  Ij'rical  pieces. 

Millar,  Samuel,  trombonist  of  present 
time.  He  has  made  a  special  feature  of  music 
for  trombone  and  organ,  and  has  frequently 
played  at  the  recitals  given  by  H.  J.  B.  Dart 
(q.v.).  He  is  also  known  as  a  trombone 
soloist  at  concerts,  and  he  played  Ferdinand 
David's  Concerto  for  trombone  at  the  College 
Hall,  Richmond  Green,  November  20,  1884. 
He  is  professor  of  the  trombone  at  the  R.C.M. 

Millard,  Rev.  James  Elwin,  headmaster 
of  Magdalene  College  School,  Oxford.  Vicar 
of  Basingstoke  ;  Canon  of  Winchester.  Author 
of  "  Historical  Notices  of  the  Office  of 
Choristers,"  London,  1848.  Account  of  Bas- 
ingstoke and  other  works. 

Millard,  Mrs.  Philip,  vocal  composer, 
of  first  part  of  the  preseiat  century.  She 
.wrote  a  nmnber  of  songs,  of  which  "  Alice 
Gray  "  (1835)  was  perhaps  the  most  popular. 
Other  songs  were  Dinna  forget ;  Forget  thee 
my  Susie  ;  Happy  New  Year ;  Lament  of  the 
Scotch  fisherman's  widow ;  Soldier's  return, 
etc. 

Millard,  William,  musician,  of  early  part 
of  this  century,  issued  "The  Branch,  com- 
prising Fortv  Psalm  and  H\Tnn  tunes,"  Lon- 
don  [1810]. 

Miller,  Agnes  Elizabeth,  pianist,  born 
at  Brierley  Hill,  Staffs.,  April  20,  1857.  From 
the  age  of  eleven  she  studied  under  Mrs.  W. 
P.  Marshall,  of  Birmingham  (a  pupil  of  IMos- 
cheles).  In  1873,  she  went  to  Mainz,  studying 
under  Beyschlag ;  and  in  1876,  was  admitted 
to  the  Royal  High  School  for  Music,  Berlin, 
where  her  teachers  were  Rudorff,  Bargiel, 
Franz  Schutz,  and,  for  history,  Spitta.  She 
played  at  the  semi-public  concerts,  and  had 
the  privilege  of  teaching  two  daughters  of 
Dr.  Joachim.  In  1879  she  returned  to  England, 
and  established  herself  as  a  pf.  teacher  in 
London,  giving  some  time  to  pupils  in  Bir- 
mingham. At  the  Saturday  Popular  Concerts, 
1884,  and  in  the  provinces,  she  was  associated 
with  Joachim.  Made  her  debtct  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  March  7,  1885,  playing  Beethoven's 
C  Elinor  Concerto.  Gave  annual  series  of 
chamber  concerts  in  Birmingham,  1883-91, 
and  gained  an  honourable  position  among 
pianists  of  the  day.  Married  Herr  Schauen- 
burg,  a  German  engineer,  and  in  1891  went 
to  reside  at  Berlin. 

Miller,  Alexander,  military  bandmaster, 


MILLER. 

entered  the  service  in  1833,  in  the  First  Bat- 
talion, Rifle  Brigade.  Served  in  Kaffir  wars 
of  1846  and  1850;  in  the  Crimea,  1854-5. 
Afterwards  bugle-major  and  bandmaster, 
Edinburgh  Queen's  Light  Infantry ;  appointed 
Queen's  trumpeter,  1862 ;  bandmaster  First 
Midlothian  Artillery  Volunteers,  1878.  This 
band,  under  his  skill  and  zealous  labours 
became  one  of  the  foremost  in  Edinburgh. 
Owing  to  ill-health  he  resigned  this  appoint- 
ment in  April,  1891,  and  died  early  in  the 
winter  of  1892-3. 

Miller,  Edward,  Scottish  musician,  of 
the  early  part  of  the  17th  century,  who  was  a 
teacher  at  Edinburgh.  He  graduated  M.A. 
at  Edinburgh  University  in  1624,  and  has 
been  identified  as  a  teacher  who  taught 
children  in  Blackfriars  Wynd,  Edinburgh. 
He  is  best  remembered  as  editor  of  "The 
Psalmes  of  David,  in  prose  and  meeter,  with 
their  whole  tunes  in '  foure  or  mo  parts,  and 
some  psalmes  in  reports  .  .  .  ,"  Edinburgh  : 
heirs  of  Andrew  Hart,  1635.  The  preface  to 
this  work  is  signed  "E.M.,"  and  Miller  has 
been  proved  to  have  been  the  editor. 

Miller,  Edward,  composer  and  writer,  was 
born  at  Norwich  in  1735.  He  was  apprenticed 
to  a  paviour,  but  absconded  and  studied  music 
under  Burney  at  Lynn.  Organist  of  Church 
of  Doncaster,  1756-1807.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab., 
1786.  He  died  at  Doncaster,  September  12, 
1807. 

Works. — Six  solos  for  German  flute ;  Six 
sonatas  for  the  harpsichord,  with  an  accom- 
paniment to  three  of  them  for  a  violin  or 
German  flute ;  Elegies,  songs,  and  an  ode, 
with  instrumental  parts;  Twelve  songs,  1773; 
Psalms  of  David,  for  the  use  of  Parish 
Churches,  London  [1790],  edited  by  G.  H. 
Drummond  ;  Sacred  music,  containing  250  of 
the  most  favourite  tunes,  .the  music  selected 
and  adapted  for  two,  three,  and  four  voices, 
and  intended  as  an  appendix  to  Dr.  Watts' 
Psalms  and  Hymns,  1802;  Psalms  and  hymns 
set  to  new  music,  1801.  Institutes  of  Music 
or  Easy  Instructions  for  the  Harpsichord, 
London,  n.d.  [1771];  Elements  of  Thorough- 
bass and  Composition,  London,  op.  5,  1787  ; 
The  Psalms  of  David  set  to  music,  and 
arranged  for  every  Sunday  in  the  year,  1774 ; 
Treatise  of  Thorough-bass  and  Composition, 
Dublin,  n.d. ;  History  of  Doncaster,  Don- 
caster, 1804. 

Miller,  George  John,  bandmaster  and 
composer,  born  at  Pimlico,  London,  Novem- 
ber 26,  1853.  He  comes  of  a  military  family, 
his  grandfather  fought  at  Salamanca,  and  his 
father  was  bandmaster  of  the  63rd  (Manches- 
ter) Regiment.  In  this  corps  young  Miller 
began  his  musical  career.  He  afterwards  be- 
came assistant  in  Alfred  ^lapleson's  Music 
Library,  and  then  enlisting  in  the  16th  Regi- 
ment, he  was  sent  to  Kneller  Hall  to  study. 


282 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MILLER. 

While  there  he  trained  the  choir  at  St.  Ste- 
phen's Mission  Church,  Houuslow,  and  was 
organist  at  Whitton  Parish  Church.  In  1875 
he  was  appointed  bandmaster  of  the  16th 
(Bedfordshire)  Regiment,  and  went  to  India. 
Returning,  he  was  made  bandmaster  and 
organist  of  the  Royal  Military  College,  Sand- 
hurst, 1880 ;  and  in  18Si  became  bandmaster 
of  the  Portsnioutii  Division.  Royal  ^Marines. 
L.R.A.M.,  1882;  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1892. 
His  band  is  famed  all  over  the  Empire,  ai  d 
he  frequent!)'  has  to  conduct  at  Osborne,  etc. 
He  also  conducts  an  amateur  operatic  society, 
and  the  Minnesingers  glee  club.  His  compo- 
sitions comprise  a  cantata,  Tlie  Armada ;  con- 
cert overture,  Evangeline  ;  Nautical  fantasia, 
and  many  original  pieces  and  arrangements 
for  military  and  string  bands ;  an  operetta, 
etc.  He  also  composed  the  funeral  march  for 
the  obsequies  of  Prince  Henry  of  Battenberg, 
1896.  Editor  (with  Fran(;ois  Cellier)  of  The 
Soldier's  Song  Book,  London,  Clowes,  1897. 

Miller,  Henry  Walter,  composer,  organ- 
ist, and  writer  on  music,  born  in  London,  June 
15, 1843,  sou  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Miller,  Vicar 
of  Greenwich.  Educated  at  Oxford,  where  he 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1865;  B.A.,  1868;  M.A., 
1875.  Musical  training  private.  Organist  of 
Hobart  Cathedral,  and  Examiner  to  the 
Government  of  Tasmania,  1885;  Conductor 
to  the  Brisbane  ]\Iusical  Union,  and  Ipswich 
(Queensland)  Choral  Society,  1887.  Organist 
of  the  American  Episcopal  Church,  Nice, 
1894.  In  1874  he  initiated  the  Tallis  Memo- 
rial Fund,  for  placing  a  Brass  in  Greenwich 
Parish  Church,  which  was  accomplished  in 
1876. 

Works. — The  Seasons,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra;  Cantata,  Paradise  and  the  Peri; 
Jubilee  Prize  Ode  (Queensland),  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra.  Duo  Concertante, 
organ  and  trombone.  Anthems,  songs,  organ, 
and  pf.  pieces.  Author  of  "Notes  on  Old 
English  Music,"  London,  1875,  and  magazine 
articles;  Editor  of  the  "Gregorian  Quarterly 
Magazine,"  1883. 

Miller,  James,  friend  of  Burns  the  poet, 
and  reputed  composer  of  the  air  usually  sung 
to  "  Ye  Banks  and  Braes  o'  Bonnie  Doon." 
He  was  a  writer  in  Edinburgh,  and  a  friend 
of  Stephen  Clarke  (g.r.),  who  put  the  tune 
into  shape.  Burns'  account  of  the  origin  of 
the  air  will  be  found  in  his  correspondence 
with  George  Thomas.  See  also  Chappell's 
"Popular  Music  of  the  olden  time,"  and 
Glen's  "  Scottish  Dance  Music,"  1891.'  The 
tune  was  first  published  in  Gow's  second  col- 
lection as  "The  Caledonian  Hunt's  delight." 
in  1788. 

Miller,  William,  organist  and  author, 
was  born  in  1809.  He  was  the  first  organist 
of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  London, 
and  held  the  post  for  14  years.     From  1832 


MILLS. 

till  1878  he  was  organist  of  St.  Giles',  Cripple- 
gate,  London,  in  which  he  took  much  interest 
and  was  active  in  raising  funds  for  its  restora- 
tion. He  died  at  London,  June  25,  1873. 
Author  of  a  history  of  St.  Giles'  Church ;  a 
little  brochure,  entitled,  "Jottings  in  Kent," 
etc. 

Miller,  William  Mackie,  teacher  and 
conductor,  was  born  at  Glasgow,  October  21, 
1831.  Conductor  of  Tonic  Sol-fa  Society, 
and  late  principal  of  a  College  of  Music. 
He  was  Precentor  of  Free  St.  Matthew's 
Church,  Glasgow,  and  superintendent  of 
music  in  the  Glasgow  Board  Schools  from 
1873.  He  died  at  Glasgow,  February  3, 1894. 
He  edited  a  few  works  by  Handel,  in  the 
tonic  sol-fa  notation,  and  wrote  a  "  Tonic 
Sol-fa  Flute  Instructor,"  Edinburgh,  n.d., 
and  other  works  designed  for  instruction  in 
the  tonic  sol-fa  notation. 

Mills,  Edward,  organist  and  teacher, 
was  a  choir  boy  at  Portman  Chapel,  ilaryle- 
bone,  and  plaj'ed  the  organ  at  the  afternoon 
services  at  St.  James's,  Marylebone.  Student, 
teacher,  and  eventually  organist  and  music 
master,  St.  John's  College,  Battersea  ;  White- 
land's  College,  Chelsea ;  and  Home  and 
Colonial  College,  Gray's  Inn  Road.  Gradu- 
ated Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1881  his  exercise 
being  a  setting  of  Psalm  32.  He  has  pub- 
lished a  Course  of  Sight  Singing. 

Mills,  Rev.  John,  Ieuan  Glan  Alarch, 
musician  and  clergyman,  born  at  Llanidloes, 
December  12,  1812  ;  died  July  28,  1873. 
Author  of  "  Gramadeg  cerddoriaeth  yn 
nghj-da  geirlyfr  euwedigaethol  yn  cynwys 
eglurhad  ar  y  geiriau  annghynefin  a  arferir 
yn  y  Gwaith,"  Llanidloes,  1838. 

Richard  Mills,  born  near  Llanidloes  in 
March,  1809 ;  died  in  September,  1844,  wrote 
"  Caniadan  Seion,  sef  casgliad  a  donau  addas 
i'w  canu  yn  yr  addoliad  dwyfol.  .  ."  Llanid- 
loes, 1840-42.  2  parts. 

Mills,  John  Henry,  musician,  published 
"A  Selection  of  Sacred  Poetry,  set  to  music," 
London,  1860.  "A  Selection  of  Sacred 
Poetry  for  private  and  congregational  use, 
set  to  music,"  London,  1862. 

Mills,  Robert  Watkin,  baritone  vocalist, 
born  at  Paiuswick,  Gloucestershire,  March  4, 
1856.  Sang  in  the  church  choir  there  as  a 
boy.  A  baritone  voice  developing,  he  was  in 
request  at  local  concerts.  He  then  went  to 
London,  and  studied  under  Edwin  Holland, 
afterwards  proceeding  to  Milan,  he  studied 
with  S.  Blasco  ;  and  on  his  return  to  London 
had  some  lessons  from  Alfred  Blume.  He 
made  a  successful  debut  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  May  17,  1884,  and  a  still  greater 
impression  in  the  "  Messiah,"  at  the  Royal 
Albert  Hall,  January  1,  1885.  He  then  sang 
at  the  Monday  and  Saturday  Popular  Con- 
certs, and  made  his  first  Festival  appearance 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


283 


MILIiS. 

at  Birmingham,  in  August  of  the  same  year. 
In  1886  he  was  heard  at  the  Gloucester  and 
Leeds  Festivals,  and  took  his  place  among 
the  first  singers  of  the  day,  singing  at  every 
important  centre  in  the  Kingdom.  From 
1894,  he  has  made  annual  tours  in  Canada 
and  the  United  States,  singing  at  Festivals, 
and  giving  vocal  recitals.  He  made  one 
appearance  in  opera,  at  Birmingham  Theatre 
Boyal,  as  Baldassare,  in  "  La  Favorita," 
May  21,  1884,  but  declined  Mr.  Carl  Rosa's 
offer  of  an  extended  engagement,  devoting 
himself  to  concert  work,  and  oratorio  singing. 

Mills,  Sebastian  Bach,  pianist,  com- 
poser, and  teacher,  born  at  Cirencester, 
March  13,  1839.  He  studied  music  at  Leip- 
zig, and  settled  in  New  York,  1858.  He 
played  in  London  as  an  infant  prodigy  in 
1845,  and  at  the  Gew  mdhaus  Concerts,  Leip- 
zig, December  2,  1858.  Teacher  and  com- 
poser in  New  York.  He  has  published 
numerous  pieces  for  the  pf.,  and  is  regarded 
as  one  of  the  leadmg  pianists  in  America. 

Milne,  Peter,  violinist  and  composer,  was 
born  at  Kincardine  O'Neil,  Aberdeenshire,  Sep- 
tember 30,  1824.  He  was  a  violinist  in  Aber- 
deen and  Edinburgh .  Compiler  of  a  "  Selection 
of  strathspeys,  reels,  etc....,"  Keith,  n.d. 
■  This  work  has  reached  at  least  5  editions. 

Milner,  Abraham,  musician  of  the  18th 
century.  Compiler  of  "  The  Psalm  Singer's 
Companion,  being  a  collection  of  psalm  tunes, 
hymns,  canons,  and  anthems,  .with  an  intro- 
duction to  psalmody. .,"  1751.  "  The  Psalm 
Singer's  Pocket  Amusement,  being  a  collection 
of  psalm  tunes..,"  London  [1750].  A  Col- 
lection, Revival  and  Refining  (from  the  more 
gross  and  obscene  songs)  of  the  old  catch 
books,  together  with  a  variety  of  two  and 
three-part  songs  from  the  most  eminent 
masters,"  London  [1750].  Sacred  Melody, 
being  a  choice  collection  of  anthems....," 
London  [1780]. 

Milnes,  Qeorge,  alto  vocalist,  born  at 
York  (?)  about  1815.  Sang  in  the  chorus  at 
the  York  Festivals  of  1823-5-8,  and  1835,  in 
the  last  year  removing  to  Huddersfield. 
Member  of  several  church  choirs  in  that  town  ; 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  Huddersfield 
Choral  Society ;  and  principal  alto  at  the 
George  Glee  Club  in  its  best  days.  He  died 
at  Huddersffeld,  November  25,  1883. 

Milton,  John,  musician,  who  was  born 
about  the  end  of  the  16th  century.  Scrivener 
in  Bread  Street,  Cheapside,  London,  where 
he  died  in  1646.  Composed  "  Fayre  Oriana 
in  the  Morne,"  madrigal,  and  numerous  songs 
and  motets  in  the  principal  collections  of  the 
period.  His  merits  as  a  musician  are  celebra- 
ted in  a  short  poem,  "Ad  patrem,"  by  his 
son,  the  great  poet,  whose  works  have  been 
set  by  numerous  composers,  like  Handel, 
Lawes,  King,  Nelson,  and  others. 


MITCHISON. 

Minns,  Qeorge,  tenor  vocalist,  lay-clerk 
of  Ely  Cathedral,  won  the  Molineux  Prize  of 
£10  offered  by  the  Madrigal  Society,  in  1882, 
for  the  best  madrigal.  He  has  published  a 
Rustic  Dance ;  Tarantella ;  and  other  pieces 
for  pf. 

Minshall,  Ebenezer,  organist  and  con- 
ductor,  born  at  Oswestry,  Salop,  in  1845. 
Intended  for  the  law,  but,  adopting  music, 
became  organist,  when  16,  at  Leatherhead 
Congregational  Church  ;  then  took  a  similar 
appointment  in  Oswestry  ;  and  removing  to 
London  in  1874,  was  organist  at  Uxbridge 
Road  Chapel.  In  1876  he  was  appointed 
organist  and  director  of  the  music  at  the  City 
Temple,  where  he  remained  until  1893.  In 
1881  he  started  the  Thursday  Popular  Concerts 
in  that  building.  He  is  Chairman  of  the 
Nonconformist  Choir  Union,  formed  in  1888, 
and  conductor  of  its  annual  festivals  at  the 
Crystal  Palace ;  has  lectured  on  musical 
subjects  ;  and  is  the  composer  of  anthems, 
hymn  tunes,  etc.  Editor  of  The  Nonconfortn- 
ist  Musical  Jonrnal;  Organists'  Magazine  of 
Voluntaries ;  and  Modern  Organ  Music. 
Author  of  "Organs,  Organists,  and  Choirs," 
London,  Curwen. 

Mitchell,  C.  H.,  author  of  "How  to  hold 
a  violin  and  bow,"  1882. 

Mitchell,  Helen  Porter,  see  Armstbong, 
Helen  Porter. 

Mitchell,  James,  author  and  inventor, 
born  at  Kilmarnock,  April  19,  1834.  Resi- 
dent at  Coatbridge.  Inventor  of  an  improved 
metronome,  and  author  of  a  work  on  Musical 
Theory,  illustrated  by  diagrams,  1878. 

Mitchell,  John,  bass  vocalist.  Entered 
the  choir  at  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  in 
1815,  when  six  years  of  age.  Sang  at  the 
Coronation  of  George  IV.,  William  IV.,  and 
Queen  Victoria ;  also  sang  at  the  Jubilee 
Service,  Westminster  Abbey,  June  21,  1887. 
In  that  year  Her  Majesty  presented  him 
with  an  engraved  portrait  of  herself  in  recog- 
nition of  his  long  musical  service.  He 
completed  his  75th  year  with  the  chapel 
choir,  May  1890  ;  and  died  in  the  Horseshoe 
Cloisters,  Windsor  Castle.  January  6,  1892, 
aged  82.  He  was  organist  of  Eton  College 
for  about  40  years. 

Mitchison'  William,  musician  and  pub- 
lisher, was  born  about  1809.  He  was  a 
music  publisher  in  Glasgow  till  about  1854, 
when  he  went  to  America.  He  died  at 
Brooklyn,  July  1,  1867.  He  issued  The 
Psalmist's  Companion,  a  collection  of  devo- 
tional harmony  for  the  use  of  Presbyterian 
Churches,  selected  from  the  works  of  Steven, 
Robertson,  R.  A.  Smith,  etc.,  Glasgow,  n.d. 
[c.  1843].  A  few  Remarks  on  the  Pianoforte, 
giving  details  of  the  mechanical  construction 
of  that  instrument,  etc.,  Glasgow,  1845. 
Selection    of    Sacred    Music,    n.d.      R.    A. 


284 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MOBERLY. 

Smith's  anthems,  edited  Glasgow,  n.d.  The 
Garland  of  Scotia,  1841.  Handbook  of  the 
Songs  of  Scotland,  with  music  and  descrip- 
tive historical  notes  ...  to  which  is  added  a 
biographical  sketch  of  the  life  of  the  late 
John  Wilson,  the  celebrated  Scottish  vocalist, 
Glasgow,  n.d. 

Moberly,  Rev.  E.  H.,  amateur  con- 
ductor, born  at  Winchester,  October  20,  1849. 
Son  of  the  late  Bishop  of  Salisbury.  Self- 
educated  in  music.  Brought  up  for  the 
church,  and  took  orders;  but  gave  up  clerical 
work  about  1887.  and  devoted  himself  en- 
tirely to  music.  In  1885,  he  formed  a 
musical  society  in  Hampshire,  the  Test 
Valley  ;  and  later  a  similar  one  in  North 
Wilts.  From  about  1885  he  has  given  con- 
certs for  charitable  purposes  with  a  Ladies' 
String  Orchestra,  which  has  now  attained  a 
high  reputation.  He  visited  London  with 
the  orchestra  in  1892,  and  gave  a  concert  in 
Princes'  Hall,  May  19 ;  and  again  at  St.  James's 
Hall,  in  189.3,  and  later.  The  orchestra  has 
been  heard  in  Oxford,  Birmingham,  and 
otlier  places. 

Moffat,  Alfred  Edward,  composer,  born 
in  Edinburgh,  December  4,  1866.  From  1882 
to  1888  studied  comijosition  with  Ludwig 
Bussler  in  Berlin.  Since  1889,  he  has  resided 
partly  in  Germany  and  partly  in  Britain,  de- 
voting himself  entirely  to  composttion  and 
arrangements  of  various  kinds,  manj'  of  his 
works  being  published  in  Germany. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  The  Passing  Year  ; 
The  Dressing  of  the  Well;  The  Children  of 
Samuel ;  A  Christmas  Dream  ;  all  for  female 
or  children's  voices.  Albuna  of  ten  trios  for 
female  voices ;  Pastoral  album,  two  books, 
duets;  Twelve  duets;  Six  duettinos;  Three  ; 
duets,  with  female  chorus ;  Twelve  sacred 
rounds;  Eight  books  of  school  songs,  etc. 
Two  songs,  with  violoncello  obligato  ;  Four 
songs,  etc.,  etc.  Arrangements :  The  Min- 
strelsie  of  Scotland  (200  Scottish  songs, 
Augener)  ;  Twelve  Scottish  songs,  in  three 
parts ;  Folksongs  of  England,  eight  books 
{Paterson) ;  Songs  of  the  British  Empire, 
etc.,  etc.  Instrumental :  Quartet,  pf.  and 
strings  (Berlin,  1886)  ;  Twentj'-four  pieces 
(Simrock);  Album  of  twelve  pieces  (Augener); 
Album  of  six  pieces,  etc.,  all  for  violin  and 
pf.  Twelve  salon  pieces,  Twelve  pieces, 
Sonata,  for  violoncello  and  pf.,  etc.  Arrange- 
ments for  pf.  and  strings  :  Golden  Sonata, 
Purcell ;  Thirty-two  classical  pieces  (Schott); 
Nine  pieces  (Breitkopf  and  Hiirtel),  etc. 
For  pf.  and  violin  :  Three  sonatas  (oboe  and 
figured  bass),  Handel  ;  Album  of  twelve 
pieces,  etc.  For  pf.  and  violoncello  :  Two 
albums,  twenty-four  pieces;  Lyrische  stiicke, 
ten  pieces  :  and  a  large  number  of  pieces  by 
Handel  and  ^larcello.  Thirty  Highland  reels 
and  strathspeys,  arranged  for  pf.,  etc. 


MOLINEUX. 

Mogford,  Mrs.     See  Fricker,  Anne. 

Moir,  Frank  Lewis,  composer,  born  at 
Market  Harborough,  April  22,  1852.  Origin- 
ally intended  to  follow  his  father's  art,  that 
of  painting,  but  began  coniposing  music  while 
an  art  student  at  South  Kensington.  He 
gained  a  scholarship  when  the  Natioi:ial  Train- 
ing School  for  Music  was  opened  in  1876,  and 
soon  acquired  a  reputation  as  a  song  composer. 
His  works  include  a  comic  opera,  "  The  Royal 
Watchman,"  Exeter,  1877  ;  Church  Services, 
etc.  One  Summer  night ;  The  wish  of  my 
heart ;  The  story  of  years ;  The  Golden  Mea- 
dow ;  Only  once  more ;  Best  of  all ;  and  an 
immense  number  of  other  songs  ;  Duets,  Over 
the  Heather;  Love  shall  never  die;  and  others. 
Madrigal  Society's  Prize,  1881,  When  at 
Chloe's  eyes  I  gaze ;  Melody  in  A,  violin  and 
pf.,  etc.  He  married,  April  5,  1886,  Miss 
Eleanor  Farnol,  of  Birmingham.  She  is 
a  soprano  vocalist,  and  studied  under  W. 
C.  Stockley,  and  at  the  National  Training 
School.  She  has  sung  in  London  and  the 
provinces,  and  has  taken  part  in  the  vocal  re- 
citals given  by  her  husband. 

Moir=Clark,  see  Clark,  J.  Moir. 

Molesworth,  Lady,  boryi  Carstairs,  a 
soi^rano  singer  who  was  born  about  1810.  Her 
father  was  Bruce  Carstairs.  She  studied  at 
the  R.A.M.,  and  first  appeard  at  a  singer  under 
the  professional  name  of  Miss  Grant.  In  1831 
she  married  Mr.  Temple  West,  the  virtuoso, 
who  died  in  1839.  She  next  married  Sir 
William  Molesworth  in  1844,  and  retired  from 
public  life.     She  died  on  May  16,  1888. 

Molineux,  John,  musician  and  author,  of 
latter  part  of  last  and  first-half  of  present 
century,  who  resided  for  a  time  in  Liverpool, 
where  he  had  a  music  academy  at  Newiugton 
Bridge.  Author  of  "The  Singer's  Systematic 
Guide  to  the  Science  of  Music,"  London,  1831 ; 
"  Concise  Collection  of  the  rudiments  of  Vocal 
Music,  intended  to  assist  persons  who  practice 
glees  or  church  music,  in  the  art  of  singing  at 
sight,"  London  [1830].  "  English  Psalmody, 
domestic,  choral,  and  congregational,  being 
a  collection  of  sacred  music,"  [1829].  "The 
Venite,  Te  Deum,  Benedicite,  etc.,  properly 
accented  and  adapted  to  favourite  chants," 
Liverpool.  An  Essay  towards  an  elucidation 
of  the  principles  of  musical  harmony,  London 
[18411 .  Principles  of  the  notation  and  the 
science  of  music ....  London  [1844] .  Songs, 
etc. 

Molineux,  Thomas,  born  in  Manchester, 
September  16, 1802.  Before  he  became  known 
as  a  pf.  maker,  was  a  practical  musician. 
While  a  youth  he  studied  the  flute,  and  later 
acquired  skill  on  the  violin,  'cello,  and  double- 
bass.  He  was  still  more  accomplished  as  a 
performer  on  the  bassoon,  and  played  at  the 
Gentleman's,  Professional,  and  other  concerts 
in   Manchester  up  to  about  1850.     He  was 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


285 


MOLLESON. 

officially  connected  with  St.  James's  Hall, 
and  the  Polytechnic  Institution.  Loudon ; 
and  will  be  remembered  for  his  munificent 
gifts  to  the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians.  He 
died  in  London,  January,  31,  1891. 
.  Molleson,  Alexander,  Scottish  minor 
poet,  was  a  bookseller  in  Glasgow  at  the  end 
of  last  and  beginning  of  the  present  century. 
Author  of  "Melody  the  soul  of  Music,  an 
essay  towards  the  improvement  of  the  Mu- 
sical Art,"  Glasgow,  1798 ;  reprinted  in  his 
"  Miscellanies  in  Prose  and  Verse,"  Glasgow, 
1806. 

Molloy,  James  Lyman,  amateur  com- 
poser and  writer,  born  in  1837.  Eldest  son 
of  Kedo  Molloy,  Esq.,  of  Cornolore,  King's 
County,  Ireland.  ^I.A.,  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
University  of  Ireland.  Called  to  the  English 
bar,  1861.'  Married  Florence,  youngest  daugh- 
ter of  Henry  Baskerville,  Esq.,  of  Crowsley 
Park,  Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Shiplake,  and 
deputy-lieutenant  for  the  County  of  Oxford. 
Secretary  to  the  late  Sir  John  Holker,  at- 
torney-general. Member  of  the  South-Eastern 
Circuit,  and  Brighton  Sessions,  and  of  the 
Middle  Temple,  etc. 

Works.— Opert Was  :  Student's  frolic  ;  My 
Aunt's  secret  ;  Very  catching.  So7igs  :  Blue 
-eyes ;  Because  I  do ;  By  the  river ;  Bird  and 
the  cross  ;  Child's  vision  ;  Clang  of  the  wooden 
shoon ;  Love's  old  sweet  song ;  Darby  and 
Joan ;  Home,  dearie,  home  ;  Rosemario  ;  Old 
Sailor  wife ;  Irish  piper ;  Thady  O'Flinn ; 
The  carnival ;  Kerry  dance ;  A  race  for  life ;  j 
Vagabond ;  and  many  others.  Six  Song  ' 
Stories  for  children.  Irish  melodies  (Boosey), 
edited  with  new  accompaniments.  Prose 
work  :  Our  Autumn  Holiday  on  French 
Rivers. 

Monk,  Edwin  George,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Frome,  Somerset,  December 
13,  1819.  Pupil  of  Henrv-  and  George  Field ; 
later,  in  London,  joined  Hullah's  classes,  and 
studied  singing  with  Henry  Phillips.  Held 
organ  appointments  at  INIidsomer  Norton ; 
Christ  Church,  Frome ;  and,  1844-46,  at  St. 
Columba's  College,  Rathfarnham,  near  Dub- 
lin, Then  studied  composition  under  G.  A. 
Macfarren.  In  1847  he  was  in  Oxford ;  and 
the  next  year  was  appointed  organist  and 
music  master  at  St.  Peter's  CoUege,  Radley. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1848  ;  Mus.  Doc,  1856, 
Oxford.  In  1859  he  was  appointed  organist 
of  York  ^linster,  in  succession  to  John  Cam- 
idge,  an  office  he  resigned  in  1883.  Examiner 
for  musical  degrees,  Oxford,  1871-83.  Now 
resident  at  Radley,  near  Abingdon. 

Works.— Milton's  Ode  to  the  Nativity ; 
Ode,  The  Bard.  L'nison  service  in  A  ;  Evening 
service ;  God  so  loved  the  world,  and  other 
anthems ;  hymn-tunes,  etc.  Boating  song ; 
Football  song ;  The  jolly  cricket  ball ;  and 
other   part-songs.     Editor    of    the    Anglican 


MONK. 

Chant  Book  ;  Anglican  Choral  Service  Book  ; 
with  Rev.  R.  Corbett  Singleton,  Anglican 
Hymn  Book ;  and,  with  Rev  Sir  F.  A.  G. 
Ouseley,  The  Psalter  and  Canticles  pointed 
for  chanting ;  and  Anglican  Psalter  Chants. 
Compiler  of  the  libretti  of  G.  A.  Macfarren's 
oratorios,  St.  John  the  Baptist ;  The  Resur- 
rection ;  and  Joseph. 

His  youngest  brother,  Henry  Theophilus 
MoxK,  born  at  Frome,  March  6,  1831,  studied 
mider  his  brother,  and  afterwards  under  C. 
W.  Lavington  and  (Sir)  G.  A.  ^Macfarren. 
He  was  successively  organist  at  Wells ;  Rad- 
ley, Berks. ;  and  St.  Philip's  Church,  Shef- 
field. Music  master  and  organist  at  Forest 
Schools,  Walthamstow.  He  was  unfortunately 
drowned  while  bathing  in  North  Wales,  July 
23,  1857,  at  the  outset  of  a  promising  career. 
He  composed  some  chants  and  other  vocal 
music. 

Monk,  James  Jonathan,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  teacher,  born  at  Bolton-le-Moors, 
February  20,  1846.  Studied  under  James 
Thomson,  and  Dr.  Westbrook.  Has  held 
various  organ  appointments  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Liverpool,  where  he  resides  as  teacher. 
Gave  organ  recitals  at  the  Liverpool  Exhi- 
bition, 1887 ;  and  annual  concerts  of  his  pupils. 
Has  acted  as  musical  critic  for  the  Liverpool 
Courier,  and  Liverpool  Eveniiig  Express;  has 
been  for  many  years  the  local  correspondent 
for  the  Musical  Standard ;  and  has  contri- 
buted to  The  Choir  articles  on  the  St.  George's 
Hall  organ,  and  other  local  matters.  His 
compositions  include  a  Te  Deum ;  Festival 
anthem,  O  be  joyful  in  God.  Ah  !  thou  pale 
moon ;  True  for  aye ;  Primrose  lane ;  Oh, 
give  me  back  those  kisses ;  and  other  songs. 
I  met  my  love,  part-song.  The  Water  ^lill, 
pf.  piece,  etc.  A  paper  read  at  Liverpool,  in 
1883,  led  to  the  Compilation  of  a  Musical 
Directory  on  more  distinctly  professional  lines, 
in  1884  ;  but  the  experiment  was  not  repeated. 

Monk,  Mark  James,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Hunmanby,  Yorkshire,  March 
16,  1858.  Musically  educated  at  York  Min- 
ster, 1867-78,  under  Dr.  E.  G.  Monk.  Organist 
of  various  churches  in  York ;  St.  John's, 
Ladvwood,  Birmingham,  1879 ;  Parish  Church, 
Ashby-de-la-Zouch,  1880  ;  Banbury,  1883  ; 
and  of  Truro  Cathedral  from  1890.  Diocesan 
choirmaster,  and  conductor,  Choral  festivals  ; 
Precentor  of  Deanery  of  Powder  Choral  As- 
sociation ;  conductor  of  Truro  Philharmonic, 
1890.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1878;  Mus. 
Doc,  1888,  Oxford.  F.R.C.O.  Composer  of 
an  Elegiac  Ode  (Coplas  di  ^Manrique),  for  soli, 
five-part  chorus,  strings  and  organ  ;  Festival 
Te  Deum  ;  Quintet  for  wind ;  Madrigal  for 
five  voices ;   pf.  and  organ  pieces,  etc. 

Monk,  William  Henry,  composer  and 
organist,  born  in  London,  March  16,  1823. 
He  studied  under  T.  Adams,  J.  A.  Hamilton,, 


286 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


MONRO. 

and  G.  A.  Griesbach.  Organist  of  Eaton 
Chapel,  Pimlico,  London,  1841-43 ;  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Albemarle  Street,  1843-45 ;  Portman 
Chapel,  Marylebone,  1845-47.  Choir-master, 
1847 ;  organist,  1849 ;  and  Professor  of  vocal 
music  in  King's  College,  London,  1874.  Pro- 
fessor of  music  at  School  for  Indigent  Blind, 
1851.  Organist  of  St.  Matthias,  Stoke  New- 
ington,  1852.  Professor  in  National  Training 
College  for  Music,  1876 ;  Professor  in  Bedford 
College,  London,  1878;  Mus.  Doc,  Durham, 
honoris  causo,  1882.  He  died  at  Stoke  New- 
ington,  London,  March  18,  1889. 

Works. — -Te  Deums,  Kyries,  and  other 
works  for  the  church  service.  Anthems  : 
And  the  angel  Gabriel ;  Blessed  are  they  that 
alway  keep  judgment ;  If  ye  love  me  keep  my 
commandments;  In  God's  word  will  I  rejoice  ; 
Like  as  the  hart ;  The  Lord  is  my  strength  ; 
They  shall  come  and  sing,  etc.  Hvnuns, 
psalms,  etc.  Hymns  of  the  Church,  London, 
n.d.  ;  The  Holy  Year,  or  hymns  for  Sundays, 
holidays,  and  other  occasions  throughout  the 
year,  .with  appropriate  tunes,  London,  1865; 
Fifty-two  simple  chants ;  The  Canticles 
arranged  for  chanting  to  the  ecclesiastical 
tones  ;  The  Book  of  Psalms  in  !Metre  (Church 
of  Scotland) ;  Scottish  Hymnal  (edited) ;  The 
Psalter  (Church  of  Scotland) ;  Book  of  An- 
thems (Church  of  Scotland),  etc. 

Dr.  Monk  composed  man}'  popular  hymn 
tunes,  of  which  "  Eventide  "  is  perhaps  best 
known.  He  also  acted  as  musical  editor  of 
"  Hymns,  Ancient  and  Modern."  His  daughter 
Florence  is  a  soprano  vocalist  of  repute, 

Monro,  George,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  about  the  end  of  the  17th  century. 
He  competed  unsuccessfully  against  T.  Rosin- 
grave  for  the  post  of  organist  of  St.  George, 
Hanover  Square,  London,  1725.  Afterwards 
he  became  organist  of  St.  Peter,  Cornhill,  and 
harpsichord  jilayer  at  Goodman's  Fields 
Theatre.     He  died  at  London  in  1731. 

Works. — Temple  Beau,  an  opera.  So7igs  : 
Amorous  swain's  complaint;  Charm  of  wine; 
Complaining  maid  ;  Gold,  a  receipt  for  love  ; 
Happy  Dick ;  Passionate  lover ;  Song  in  praise 
of  Polly,  etc.  Songs  in  the  "  Musical  Mis- 
cellany"" 1731. 

Monro,  Henry,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  at  Lincoln  in  1774.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  Lincoln  Cathedral,  and  studied 
afterwards  under  Dussek,  D.  Corri,  and  others. 
In  1796  he  became  organist  of  St.  Andrew, 
Newcastle- on -Tyne.  Composer  of  songs, 
sonatas,  and  other  pf.  music. 

Monro,  John,  composer  and  pianist,  was 
born  at  Edinburgh  in  1786.  He  was  a  music- 
seller  and  musician  in  London,  where  he  died, 
on  INIarch  3,  1851. 

Works. — Selection  of  English  Melodies,  the 
words  by  J.  W.  Lake,  London  [1825] ;  Border 
Ballads,  a  set  of  six   songs,   the   poetry  by 


MOODY. 

J.  E.  Carpenter.  So>tgs :  Barefooted  Friar 
[1840] ;  Come  now  we  are  met ;  Ellen  Aureen 
[1817J ;  Man,-,  the  maid  of  the  green ;  My 
mother's  grave ;  My  Nora ;  Sir  Hubert's 
bride;  Wert  thou  like  me  [1847],  etc.  Selec- 
tion of  Countrj-  Dances,  issued  annually,  1817- 
1834.  The  Gleaner,  or  select  flute  miscellany, 
2  vols.,  n.d.  Flute  Music,  3  vols.  A  New 
and  Complete  Introduction  to  the  art  of 
playing    on    the    Pianoforte    [1819].       Also 


various  pf.  pieces. 
Montgomery, 

and  vocalisation," 
Montgomery, 

sician,    born   about   1811 ; 
September  13,   1886.      He 


R.,  author  of  "  The  Voice 
London,  1879. 
William    Henry,    mu- 

died   at   London, 
produced  an  im- 


mense number  of  teaching  pieces  for  the 
pianoforte,  and  wrote  "  The  Royal  Standard 
Tutor  for  the  Harmonium,"  London,  n.d. 
Composer  of  songs  and  other  vocal  music,  and 
editor  of  an  edition  of  Moore's  Irish  Melodies. 

Moodie,  William,  musician  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Bonhill,  Dumbarton,  April 
19,  1833.  He  was  successivel)'  conductor  of 
the  psalmody  in  Dumbarton  Episcopal 
Church  ;  Lansdowne  L'nited  Presbj-terian 
Church,  Glasgow,  1864-77  ;  Barony  Church, 
1877-89;  Eatt  Pollokshields  Free  Church, 
1889-92,  He  also  acted  as  conductor  of  the 
Dumbarton  Choral  Union  ;  and  of  the  St. 
George's  Choral  Union,  Glasgow,  1873-81,  a 
society  which  he  founded.  He  has  composed 
various  anthems,  songs  and  part  songs,  of 
which  last  "  Willie  Wastle"  is  best  known, 
as  well  as  music  for  the  pf.  and  various 
cantatas,  etc.,  in  MS. 

Moody,  Fanny,  soprano  vocalist,  born  at 
Redruth,  Cornwall;  daughter  of  ]\Ir.  J.  Hawke 
Moody,  of  that  town.  Studied  under 
Madame  Sainton-Dolby,  and  sang  at  the 
concerts  of  her  vocal  academy ;  and  at  the 
In  Memoriam  concert,  April  25,  1885.  Made 
her  debut  in  opera  at  Liverpool,  in  February, 
1887,  as  Arline,  in  "The  Bohemian  Girl," 
with  the  Carl  Rosa  company.  Sang  in  Lon- 
don and  the  provinces  for  some  time  with 
that  company,  appearing  in  a  variety  of 
characters.  From  1890  she  has  sung  in 
Italian  opera  at  Covent  Garden,  and  Drury 
Lane  with  much  success.  With  her  own 
concert  party  "nas  given  costume  recitals  of 
operas  at  Crystal  Palace  (1894),  and  other 
places  ;  and  has  sung  at  the  principal  con- 
certs in  Great  Britain ;  also  in  Canada,  and 
in  South  Africa,  1896-7.  In  1890,  she  was 
married  to  Mr.  Charles  Manners  {q.v.).  The 
artist  pair  offered,  in  1895,  a  prize  of  £100 
for  the  best  one-act  opera,  without  chorus. 
This  was  won  by  a  young  composer,  Alick 
Maclean  (q-v.),  and  the  opera  was  produced 
at  Covent  Garden,  June  29,  1895. 

Moody,     Marie,     composer    of    present 
time.     Her  pyiblished  works  comprise  over- 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


287 


MOONIE. 

tures,  King  Lear ;  Hamlet ;  Othello  ;  Der 
Sterbende  Krieger ;  Concert  overtures  in  E 
minor,  and  C  major.  Adagio  and  allegretto 
in  D ;  allegro  moderato  in  D  minor,  for 
string  quartet.  Studies  for  pf.  Anthem, 
Great  Lord  of  Lords,  etc. 

Moonie,  James  Anderson,  conductor 
and  composer,  was  born  at  Edinburgh  in 
1853.  He  studied  under  Randegger,  Welch 
and  Cottell,  and  has  held  various  church 
appointments  in  Edinburgh.  Conductor  of 
the  Hope  Park  Musical  Association,  and  of  a 
male  voice  choir  which  have  performed  with 
great  success  in  Edinburgh.  Mr.  Moonie 
holds  various  appointments  in  the  large 
public  schools  of  Edinburgh  as  a  teacher  of 
singing  Composer  of  a  short  cantata,  Jeru- 
salem, my  Happy  Home. 

Moore,  Bertha,  soprano  vocalist,  born  at 
Brighton,  January  19,  1862.  Studied  at  the 
R.A.M.  under  W.  H.  Cummings,  then  took 
lessons  from  Madame  Florence  Lancia.  Sang 
at  Dublin  and  other  places,  but  made  her 
first  great  success  in  "  Elijah,"  at  St.  James's 
Hall,  London,  May  28,  1885.  The  next  year 
she  sang  at  the  Crystal  Palace  Concerts ;  has 
also  appeared  at  Kuhe's  Brighton  Festival, 
1888,  and  at  the  Monday  Popular  Concerts, 
-1891 ;  and  is  now  a  popular  and  admired 
singer.  Fond  of  acting,  she  has  occasionally 
sung  in  operetta  performances. 

Moore,  Qraham  Ponsonby,  composer 
and  pianist,  born  at  Ballarat,  Australia,  April 
14,  1859.  Studied  at  Berlin  Conservatorium 
under  Theodor  Kullak,  and  later  with  Schar- 
•wenka  and  Moszkowski.  Making  his  home 
in  London,  he  was  appointed  a  professor  of 
pf.  at  the  R.C.M.,  and  is  an  examiner  under 
the  Associated  Board  of  the  R.A.M.,  and 
R.C.M.  His  compositions  are  chiefly  for  the 
pf.,  and  many  of  them  have  been  played  by 
the  leading  pianists  in  this  country  and  in 
Germany.  The  principal  are  :  Concertstiicke 
(after  Longfellow's  poem,  "  Seaweed  ") ; 
Hochzeit  im  Dorfe,  six  pieces  ;  Fiinf  Klavier- 
stiicke,  op.  22  ;  Chromatische  Etiiden ;  Ly- 
rische  Tonbilder,  op.  25  (10  pieces)  ;  Ten 
short  and  melodious  studies,  op.  30  ;  Twelve 
poetical  studies,  op.  31  ;  Three  nocturnes, 
op.  32 ;  Three  archaic  dances,  op.  33,  etc. 
Author  of  The  Candidates'  Practical  Scale 
and  Arpeggio  Handbooks,  London,  R.  Cocks. 

Moore,  Henry  Keatley,  didactic  writer, 
born  at  London,  In  1846.  Studied  under  Dr. 
Westbrook.  Graduated  B.A.,  1871;  Mus. 
Bac,  1880,  London,  being,  with  the  late  Dr. 
W.  H.  Hunt  (q-v.),  the  first  to  receive  a 
musical  degree  at  London  University.  Has 
been  honorary  choirmaster  of  South  Place 
Chapel,  Finsbury,  and  of  the  Free  Christian 
Church,  Croydon ;  also  trainer,  since  1891,  of 
a  choir  for  unaccompanied  part-singing.  Hon. 
Treasurer  of  the  Froebel  Society,  and  some- 


MOORE. 

time  Examiner  in  Music  to  the  same.  Co- 
translator  and  editor  of  Froebel's  Autobio- 
graphy, and  Letters.  Author  of  The  Child's 
Pianoforte  Book ;  The  Child's  Song  and  Game 
Book,  in  four  parts,  London,  Swan  Sonnen- 
schein.  He  has  composed  some  pieces  and 
studies  for  pf.  ;  Songs,  etc. 

Moore,  Reginald  Bowerman,  organist 
and  conductor,  born,  October,  1850,  at  Lyme 
Regis,  Dorsetshire,  where  his  father,  an 
excellent  musician,  was  for  many  years  organ- 
ist of  the  Parish  Church.  After  receiving 
some  pianoforte  lessons  from  a  lady  (pupil  of 
Dr.  Wesley),  Moore  was  sent  at  the  age  of  ten 
to  Dr.  Mark,  of  Manchester,  where  he  remained 
a  year.  When  fourteen,  he  became  organist 
of  the  Parish  Church,  Uphnne,  Devon.  In 
1870  he  was  appointed  to  the  Congregational 
Church,  Exeter,  and  three  years  later  to  St. 
Mary  Major  in  that  city.  During  this  time 
he  studied  with  Mr.  D.  J.  Wood,  the  Cathedral 
organist,  and  Dr.  H.  A.  Harding.  Became 
F.C.O.,  1879.  and  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford, 
1885.  Was  conductor  of  the  Historic  Madri- 
gal Society,  1884-7,  and  from  1886  to  the 
present  time  has  conducted  the  concerts  of 
the  Exeter  Orchestral  Society.  Music-master 
to  the  Grammar  School,  and  is  honorary  local 
Examiner  for  R.A.M. ,  and  R.C.M.  His  com- 
positions comprise  Psalm  145,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra.  Duets,  and  pieces  for  pf., 
organ,  etc. 

Moore,  Thomas,  music  teacher,  who 
resided  in  Manchester  about  1740-50.  He 
became  resident  in  Glasgow  in  latter  half  of 
the  18th  century,  and  in  June,  1755,  became 
precentor  of  Blackfriars  Church.  On  Novem- 
ber 22,  1756,  he  was  appointed  by  the  magis- 
trates teacher  of  the  free  music  classes  in 
Hutcheson's  Hospital.  He  was  also  a  book- 
seller in  Princes  Street  and  Stockwell  Street, 
and  died  in  Glasgow  about  1792.  He  compiled 
"  The  Psalm-Singer's  Divine  Companion," 
Manchester,  1750,  2  vols.,  of  which  another 
edition  was  issued  in  the  same  year  as  "Psalm- 
Singer's  Compleat  Tutor  and  Divine  Com- 
panion," IManchester,  2  vols.  "  The  Psalm- 
Singer's  Pocket  Companion,  containing  great 
variety  of  the  best  English  Psalm-Tunes, 
suited  to  the  different  metres  in  the  Scotch 
Version  of  the  Psalms  of  David,  set  in  three 
and  four  parts ;  likewise  all  the  tunes  that 
are  usually  sung  in  most  parts  of  Scotland  ; 
with  a  plain  and  easy  introduction  to  ^lu- 
sick . . ,"  Glasgow,  1756.  "  The  Psalm-Singer's 
Delightful  Pocket  Companion.  Containing 
a  Plain  and  Easy  Introduction  to  Psalmody, 
and  an  Introduction  explaining  more  at  large 
the  grounds  of  Music  in  general.  Illustrated 
with  great  variety  of  Tables,  Scales,  and 
Initial  Lessons..,"  Glasgow,  n.d.  [1762]. 
The  Vocal  Concert  Glasgow,  1761. 

Moore,    Thomas,     poet    and    musician, 


288 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MOORE. 

born  at  Dublin,  May  28,  1779;  died  at  Sloper- 
ton  Cottage,  near  Devizes,  February  25, 1852. 
Best  known  as  author  of  "  Lalla  Rookh," 
and  other  poems,  and  by  his  "Irish  Melodies," 
which  were  issued  in  1807-34,  with  accom- 
paniments l)y  Sir  John  Stevenson.  Of  this 
collection  many  editions  have  appeared, 
among  which  may  be  mentioned  those  edited 
by  Balfe,  Bishop,  Glover,  jNIacfarren,  I\Iont- 
gomery,  Rimbault,  Romer,  and  Shrivall. 
Moore  composed  a  "  Collection  of  Vocal 
Music,"  London  [1820] ,  among  which  is  the 
Canadian  boat-song  "  Row,  brothers,  row," 
originally  published  in  1805.  He  wrote  the 
words  of  "  A  Selection  of  Popular  National 
Airs,"  1818,  6  parts,  and  compiled  "Evenings 
in  Greece,"  London,  1831,  2  vols.  ;  a  work  of  ! 
poetry  and  music.  See  his  "  Memoirs  and  | 
Correspondence,"  by  Lord  John  Russell. 

Moore,     William     H.,     cornet    player,  , 
composer,and  conductor,  born  in  Birmingham,  ' 
May  7,   1852.     Sometime  solo  cornet  in  the  i 
band   of    the   Theatre    Royal,    Birmingham. 
Conductor  of   the  orchestra  at  the  ]Moseley 
Botanical  Gardens,   1892-5 ;    and  engaged  in 
principal  local  orchestral  concerts.     He  has 
composed  an  opera,   "Rudolph";    cantatas, 
"Torfrida,"  produced,  Birmingham,  Januarv, 
1885;    "Daniel,"    188G.      Also  a  Suite,  aiid 
Romance   for   orchestra ;    Fair    Marguerite ; 
Queen  of  my  dream  ;  and  other  songs,  etc. 

Moorehead,  John,  Irish  violinist  and 
composer,  who  was  born  about  the  middle  of 
the  18th  century.  He  was  a  violinist  at  the 
Worcester  Festival  of  1794,  and  afterwards 
played  the  viola  in  the  orchestra  of  Sadler's 
Wells  Theatre,  London.  In  1798  he  was 
violinist  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  and  com- 
posed music  for  Sadler's  Wells,  Covent  Garden, 
and  other  theatres.  About  1802  he  became 
insane,  and  was  confined  in  Northampton 
House,  Clerkenwell.  Afterwards  he  was  in  j 
the  navy  for  a  short  time,  but  in  IMarch,  1804, 
be  hanged  himself  near  Deal  in  a  fit  of  i 
insanity.  j 

Works. — Music  to  Plays  :  Philosopher's  j 
stone,  1795 ;  Birds  of  a  feather,  1796 ;  Naval 
•Pillar,  1799 ;  Volcano,  1799  ;  Speed  the  plough, 
1799;  II  Bondocaui  (with  Attwood),  1801; 
Pe rouse  (with  Davy),  1801  ;  Cabinet  (with 
Davy),  1802;  Family  quarrels,  1802;  Har- 
lequin Habeas,  1802.  Songs :  Absence  ;  Ben 
and  IMary  ;  Gallant  Forty-second  ;  Traveller's 
jovs  ;  Troubadour,  etc.  Duo  concertante  for 
violin  (1800),  etc. 

His  brother,  Alexander,  was  a  violinist, 
and  for  a  time  acted  as  leader  at  Sadler's 
Wells  Theatre.  He  died  in  a  lunatic  asylum 
at  Liverpool,  in  1803. 

Moran,  Charles,  organist,  born  December 
10,  1805.  His  professional  life  was  spent  at 
Holyliead,  where  he  held  office  as  organist, 
first  at  the  Church  of  St.  Cybi ;  and  then,  for 


]\IORGAN. 

nearly  60  years,  at  the  Church  of  St.  Seiriol. 
On  his  retirement  in  December,  1891,  he  was 
publicly  presented  with  an  address. 

Moreton,  John,  musician  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Birmingham  in  1764 ;  died  in 
1804.  Compiler  of  "Sacred  Melody,  being 
50  psalm  and  hymn  tunes  in  four  parts," 
London   [1796] . 

Another  Mobetox,  James,  issued  a  "  Selec- 
tion of  Sacred  Music,"  Longport  [1856]. 

Morgan,  Edward,  musician  and  writer, 
author  of  "New  and  improved  instructor  for 
the  German  or  Anglo-German  Concertina," 
London  [1858]  ;  "  ilethod  of  learning  the 
Accordion,"  London  [1852]  ;  "Instructor  for 
the  Flutina  or  Accordion,"  London  [1860] . 

Morgan  George Washbourne,organist, 
born  at  Gloucester,  April  'J.  1S23.  He  was  a 
chorus  singer  in  the  Gloucester  Philharmonic 
Society  in  1834.  Articled  pupil  of  John 
Amott.  Held  organ  appointments  in  Chel- 
tenham, 1844 ;  at  Christ  Church,  and  St. 
James's,  Gloucester ;  at  South  Hackney,  1851 ; 
and  St.  Olave's,  Southwark.  Was  an  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  the  Worcester  Cathedral 
appointment,  in  1845,  about  which  time  he 
w-as  conductor  of  the  Gloucester  Philharmonic. 
In  1853  he  settled  in  America,  and  was  organist 
successively  of  St.  Thomas's  Episcopal  Church, 
New  York  ;  Grace  Church  ;  St.  Stephen's ; 
and  Brooklyn  Tabernacle  (Dr.  Talmage's 
Church).  The  last  office  he  held  about  twelve 
years.  He  died  at  Tacoma,  Washington, 
July,  1892.  His  compositions  included  church 
music,  vocal  music,  miscellaneous  pieces  for 
pf.  and  orchestra,  etc. 

Morgan,  J.  Wilford,  tenor  vocalist  and 
composer.  He  has  sung  in  opera  in  London 
and  the  provinces  ;  in  the  "  Old  Guard,"  and 
other  comic  operas,  at  various  times  from 
1872  to  1887.  Ill  1888  he  was  appointed  a 
professor  of  singing  at  the  Guildhall  School 
of  Music.  He  is  the  composer  of  a  cantata, 
"  Christian  the  Pilgrim  "  ;  and  of  a  number 
of  songs,  some  of  which,  as  "  My  Sweetheart 
when  a  Boy,"  have  been  ver}'  popular. 

Morgan,  Lady,  bom  Sydney  Owesson, 
was  born  in  Dublin  about  1783.  Best  known 
as  a  novelist,  but  was  distinguished  in  her 
day  as  a  harp  player  and  musician.  In  1802 
she  published  a  number  of  Irish  airs  to 
which  she  had  written  words,  and  this  was 
the  forerunner  of  Moore's  better  known  Irish 
melodies.  Apart  from  her  novels  she  wrote 
"The  i-irst  Attempt,"  an  opera,  Dublin, 
1807,  and  "  The  Lay  of  the  Irish  Harp," 
poems,  1809.  In  1812  she  married  Sir 
Thomas  Charles  ^Morgan,  and  on  April  14, 
1859,  she  died  at  London. 

Morgan,  Robert  Orlando,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Manchester,  March  16, 
1865.  Studied  at  the  Guildhall  School  of 
Music,  where  he  gained  the  Merchant  Taylors' 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


289 


MORGAN. 

Scholarship,  for  pf.  playing  arjd  composition, 
1883  ;  and  was  awarded  the  Webster  Prize, 
1884,  for  a  sonata  for  violin  and  pf.  Ap- 
pointed professor  of  harmony,  composition 
and  pf.  at  the  school  in  1887.  In  1893  he 
won  the  prize,  valued  at  65  guineas,  offered 
by  the  proprietors  of  The  Lute,  for  the  best 
anthena.  At  the  Grand  Concours  Interna- 
tional de  Composition  Musicale,  held  at 
Brussels  in  1894,  he  was  awarded  the  first 
prize  and  medal,  and  two  diplomas  of  honour, 
for  a  sonata  for  pf.,  and  a  chorus  for  mixed 
voices,  with  organ  accompaniment.  He  has 
also  composed  two  cantatas  for  female  voices, 
"  Zitella,"  performed  at  the  Guildhall  School, 
July,  1889  ;  and  "  The  Legend  of  Eloisa," 
both  extensively  popular  ;  a  church  cantata, 
"  The  Crown  of  Thorns."  Pieces  for  or- 
chestra ;  Sonatas  for  violin  and  pf.  ;  many 
pf.  pieces  ;  songs,  part-songs,  etc. 

Morgan,  Tom  Westlake,  organist  and 
writer,  born  at  Conguesbury,  Somersetshire, 
August  6,  1869.  Chorister,  King's  College, 
Cambridge,  1879  ;  then  pupil  of  Boyton 
Smith,  at  Dorchester.  In  1886,  organist  of 
St.  Catherine's  College,  Cambridge,  and 
pupil-assistant  of  Dr.  A.  H.  Mann,  at  King's 
College.  Organist  for  a  time  at  St.  George's 
•Anglican  Church,  Paris.  Studied  at  R.C.M. 
under  Sir  Walter  Parratt,  and  Dr.  F.  E. 
Gladstone,  1890.  Organist  at  St.  David's, 
Merthyr  Tydvil,  1891 ;  founder  and  conductor 
of  Philharmonic  Society  there.  In  1892  he 
was  appointed  organist  and  master  of  the 
choristers,  Bangor  Cathedral.  He  has  given 
recitals  at  St.  George's  Hall,  Liverpool ;  at 
the  Bow  and  Bromley  Institute,  etc.  Has 
composed  some  Welsh  anthems,  etc.  ;  is  a 
contributer  to  periodical  literature,  and 
musical  editor  of  St.  David's  Weekly.  Has 
acted  as  adjudicator  at  Eisteddfodau  ;  and  is 
Provincial  Grand  Organist  for  North  Wales 
in  Royal  Arch  Freemasonry. 

Mori,  Nicholas,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  at  London,  January  24,  1796.  Son  of 
an  Italian  wig  maker  in  the  New  Road,  Lon- 
don. Pupil  of  Viotti.  Principal  violinist  in 
London  orchestras.  Music  publisher  in  Bond 
Street,  London.     He  died  on  June  14,  1839. 

Mori,  Frank,  composer,  son  of  the  above, 
born  at  London,  March  21,  1820.  Studied 
under  Forbes  and  Sterndale  Bennett,  and  in 
1886  under  Zimmerman  at  Paris.  He  died 
at  Ghaumont,  France,  August  2,  1873. 

Works.  —  Fridoliu,  cantata,  Worcester 
Festival,  1851.  The  River  Sprite,  operetta, 
words  by  G.  Linley,  Covent  Garden,  February 
9,  1865.  Songs:  Twelve  songs,  by  Mackay, 
Longfellow,  Oxenford,  etc.  ;  Six  songs,  by 
Moore,  Shelley,  Tennyson,  Hunt,  etc.  ; 
Breathe,  oh  !  breathe  that  simple  strain  ;  I 
love  my  love  in  the  springtime  ;  Whither  art 
thou  roaming.     Vocal  exercises,  etc. 


MORLEY. 

Mori,  Nicholas,  the  second  sou,  was  born 
January  14,  1822.  Studied  under  his  father, 
and  Charles  Lucas,  and  also  in  Paris.  Played 
in  public  from  1838.  Composer  of  descriptive 
music  to  Gilbert's  "  The  Wicked  World  "  ; 
a  setting  of  Psalm  137,  and  other  works. 

Morine,  Charles  Harland,  composer 
and  organist,  was  born  in  1828;  died  at  Elgin, 
February  19,  1879.  He  edited  the  collections 
of  Scottish  and  Irish  Melodies  published  by 
Maver,  1877,  and  composed  pianoforte  music. 
He  also  issued  "Beauties  of  Scotland,  airs  for 
pianoforte,"  1869.  Songs :  Burd  Ailie ;  Golden 
days,  etc. 

Morison,  Christina  W.,  bom  Bogue, 
composer,  born  in  Dublin,  1840.  She  studied 
under  Glover  and  John  Blockley.  Composer 
of  "The  Uhlans,"  opera,  in  3  acts,  Dublin, 
1884,  and  Glasgow,  1885.  Songs,  and  piano- 
forte music. 

Morison,  John,  "musician  and  copier  of 
music,"  born  in  1772  ;  died  at  Peterhead  in 
1848.  He  lived  in  Rose  Street,  Peterhead, 
and  was  precentor  in  St.  Peter's  Church  there. 
Editor  of  a  "  Collection  of  New  Strathspey 
Reels,  with  a  few  favourite  marches....," 
Edinburgh  [1801].  A  Select  Collection  of 
Favourite  Tunes  adapted  for  the  pianoforte, 
German  flute,  violin,  and  violoncello,  dedi- 
cated, by  permission,  to  General  Gordon 
Cuming  Skene,"  n.d. 

Morison,  Roderick,  or  Rory  Dall 
O'Cahen,  poet,  harper,  and  composer,  was 
born  in  the  Island  of  Lewis  in  1646.  He  was 
the  son  of  an  episcopal  clergyman,  and  was 
educated  at  Inverness.  He  lost  his  sight 
after  an  attack  of  small-pox,  and  became 
harper  to  the  family  of  IMacleod,  of  Lewis. 
He  died  near  Stornoway  early  in  the  18th 
century.  He  composed  some  GaeMc  airs, 
but  is  best  known  as  a  poet. 

Morley,  Felix  Wilson,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Bassingbourne,  Cambridge, 
November  20,  1855.  From  1868  to  1873,  he 
acted  as  honorary  organist  at  the  Parish 
Church,  and  in  the  latter  year  was  elected 
Organ  Scholar  of  Pembroke  College,  Cam- 
bridge, an  office  he  was  allowed  to  hold  for 
a  year  before  entering  as  an  undergraduate. 
After  taking  the  B.A.  degree,  he  remained  in 
residence  as  organist,  and  proceeded  to  M.A., 
1883;  and  Mus.  Bac,  1885.  Since  1878  he 
has  acted  as  hon.  inspector  of  Choirs  for  the 
Ely  Diocesan  Church  Music  Society  (now  the 
Council  of  Church  Music) ;  and  from  1891 
has  been  annually  elected  hon.  sec.  In  1892, 
and  1895,  appointed  Diocesan  inspector  of  the 
Choirs  taking  part  in  the  Triennial  Festivals 
at  Ely  Cathedral.  Conductor  of  Royston 
Amateur  Musical  Society,  1888-94.  Of  his 
compositions  there  are,  in  MS.,  a  setting  of 
Psalm  150,  for  solo,  chorus,  orchestra,  and 
organ ;  a  Magnificat  and  Nunc  Dimittis  in 

8 


290 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MORLEY. 

E  flat,  for  chorus,  orchestra,  and  organ ;  his 
published  works  include  church  services ; 
songs,  and  part-songs ;  pieces  for  violoncello, 
and  pf. 

Morley,  Thomas,  composer  and  writer, 
was  born  about  1557.  He  studied  under 
Byrd,  and  was  a  chorister  in  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1588  ;  organist 
of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London,  1591 ;  Gen- 
tleman of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1592-1602. 
Obtained  patent  for  exclusive  right  to  print 
music  books,  1598.     He  died  in  1604. 

Works. — Canzonets,  or  little  short  songs 
to  three  voyces,  1593 ;  Madrigalls  to  foure 
voyces,  1594 ;  First  booke  of  ballets  to  five 
voyces,  1595  ;  First  booke  of  Canzonets  to 
two  voyces,  1595 ;  Canzonets,  or  little  short 
aers  to  five  and  sixe  voyces,  1597 ;  The  first 
booke  of  Consort  Lessons,  made  by  divers 
exquisite  Authors  for  sixe  instruments  to  play 
together,  etc.,  1599  ;~The  Triumphs  of  Oriana, 
to  five  and  six  voices,  composed  by  divers 
several  authors,  newly  published  by  Thomas 
Morley,  London,  Este,  1601  [contains  mad- 
rigals by  M.  Este,  J.  Bennet,  J.  Hilton,  J. 
Holmes,  Wilbye,  Morley,  E.  Johnson,  T. 
Weelkes,  Kirbye,  Carlton,  Cavendish,  Lisley, 
Farmer,  Milton,  Jones,  Croce,  Hunt,  Bateson, 
Mundy,  E.  Gibbons,  R.  Nicholson,  Tomkins, 
Marson,P.  Pilkington,Norcome,andCobboldJ; 
Services  in  D  minor ;  Evening  service  in  G 
minor  (in  Barnard's  collection) ;  Burial  service 
(in  Boyce) ;  A  Preces,  Psalms,  etc.,  in  Bar- 
nard's MS.  collection ;  Five  sets  of  Lessons  in 
Queen  Elizabeth's  Virginal  Book ;  A  plaine 
and  easie  introduction  to  Practicall  Musicke, 
set  downe  in  forme  of  a  dialogue.  Divided 
into  three  j)artes.  The  first  teacheth  to  sing 
with  all  things  necessary  for  the  knowledge  of 
prickt  song.  The  second  treateth  of  descante 
and  to  sing  two  parts  in  one  upon  a  plain 
song  or  ground,  with  other  things  necessary 
for  a  descanter.  The  third  and  last  part 
entreateth  of  composition  of  three,  foure,  five 
or  more  parts,  with  many  profitable  rules  to 
that  effect,  with  new  songs  of  2,  3,  4,  and 
5  parts,  London,  1597,  various  editions.  This 
was  translated  into  German. 

Morley,  William,  composer  of  the  18th 
century.  Mus.  Bac,  1718.  Gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  1715.  He  died  on  October  29, 
1731.  Supposed  to  be  the  composer  of  the 
oldest  double  chant  known,  published  in 
Boyco's  Collection  in  D  minor. 

Mornington,  Garrett  Colley  Welles= 
ley,  Earl  of,  Irish  peer  and  composer,  born 
at  Dangau,  Ireland,  July  19,  1735.  Father  of 
the  Duke  of  Wellington,  and  of  the  Marquis 
of  Wellesley.  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin,  1764,  where 
he  was  the  first  Professor  of  Music  in  the 
University  from  1764  to  1774.  He  succeeded 
to  the  title  in  1758.  Created  Viscount  Wel- 
lesley, 1760.     Gained  prizes  from  Catch  Club 


MORROW. 

in  1776,  1777,  1779.  He  died  at  Kensington, 
London,  May  22,  1781. 

Works — Glees  and  Madrigals  composed  by 
the  Earl  of  INIornington,  edited  by  Sir  H.  R. 
Bishop,  London,  1846.  Among  them  the  fol- 
lowing are  famous  : — As  it  fell  upon  a  day  ; 
Beneath  this  rural  shade ;  By  greenwood  tree ; 
Come,  fairest  nymph  ;  Gently  hear  me,  charm- 
ing maid  ;  Go,  happy  shade  ;  Hail,  hallowed 
fane  ;  Here  in  cool  grot ;  0  bird  of  eve  ;  Rest, 
warrior,  rest ;  and,  Soft  sleep  profoundly.  To 
these  may  be  added  the  catch,  "  Twas  yoa  sir." 
The  collection  of  glees,  etc.,  made  by  Bishop, 
is  the  only  complete  one  extant ;  though  all 
the  glees,  madrigals,  and  catches  can  be 
had  as  originally  published  in  single  parts. 
He  also  composed  chants  and  other  church 
music. 

Morris,  Margaret,  ]\Irs.  Alfred  Morris, 
soprano  vocalist,  organist,  and  conductor, 
born  at  Caerleon,  Monmouthshire.  Showed 
musical  talent  from  childhood,  but  her  desire 
to  adopt  the  art  as  a  profession  was  not 
gratified  until  after  her  marriage,  when 
monetary  reverses  turned  her  talent  to  prac- 
tical account.  She  is  to  a  great  extent  self- 
taught,  but  studied  harmony  with  Dr  .Bradford, 
and  voice  production  with  Eniil  Behnke.  As 
a  vocalist  she  is  favourably  known,  and  the 
Gvvent  Ladies'  Choir,  under  her  leadership, 
has  a  good  reputation.  She  has  conducted 
many  concerts,  including  a  performance  of 
Gounod's,  Mo7-s  et  Vita,  with  full  chorus  and 
orchestra.  She  is  organist  of  Christ  Church, 
Caerleon,  principal  of  a  music  school  in  that 
town,  and  has  given  lectures  on  musical 
topics  at  Newport,  and  other  places. 

Morrison,  James,  musician,  aiithor  of 
"  A  New  System  of  Music,  applicable  to  all 
musical  instruments,"  London  [1852]. 

Morrison,  William,  composer  and  violin- 
ist, compiler  of  "A  Collection  of  Highland 
music,  consisting  of  strathspeys,  reels, 
marches,  waltzes,  and  airs,  with  variations 
original  and  selected,  for  the  pf.,  violin,  and 
violoncello,"  Inverness,  u.d.  [1813] . 

Morrow,  Walter,  trumpet  player,  born 
in  Liverpool,  June  15,  1850.  Studied  his 
instrument  under  Dan  Godfrey,  and  at  the 
R.A.M.  He  obtained  high  repute  by  his 
playing  of  the  various  parts  for  trumpet 
obligato  in  Handel's  works,  and  did  much  to 
restore  the  Trumpet  to  its  legitimate  place  in 
the  orchestra.  He  developed  a  special  trumpet 
for  the  performance  of  Bach's  high  trumpet 
parts,  so  long  considered  unplayable.  This 
instrument  he  employed  for  the  first  time  in 
Bach's  "  Ein  feste  Burg,"  at  a  concert  of  the 
Cambridge  University  Musical  Society,  June 
11,  1885  ;  and  at  the  Leeds  Festival  of  1886 
the  same  straight  trumpet  was  introduced  in 
Bach's  High  Mass  in  B  Minor.  Mr.  Morrow 
is  teacher  of  the  trmnpet  at  the  R.C.INI.,  and 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


291 


MORTEN. 

Guildhall  School,  and  is  now  principal  trumpet 
in  the  orchestras  of  the  Philharmonic  Societ)', 
Royal  Chora]  Society,  the  Symphony  Concerts, 
Handel  Festival,  and  at  most  of  the  provincial 
festivals. 

Morten,  A.,  author  of  "  Hints  on  the 
purchase  of  an  organ,"  London,  1877. 

Moseley,  Caroline  Carr,  composer, 
■daughter  of  the  late  INIr.  IMoseley,  of  Leighton 
Hall,  Staffordshire.  Studied  at  R..A.M.  under 
Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren.  A.R.C.M.  Composer 
of  a  number  of  part-songs  for  ladies'  voices ; 
The  Child  of  the  South ;  The  Carol  of  Hope, 
aud  other  songs;  "Ten  minutes  in  the 
country,"  two  pieces  for  pf.,  violin,  'cello,  and 
tov  instruments,  performed  in  London,  1882- 
1883,  etc. 

Moseley,  Rev.  W.  Willis,  author  of 
*'  The  quantity  and  Music  of  the  Greek  chorus 
discovered,"  Oxford,  1847. 

Moss,  Edwin,  composer  and  tenor  vocal- 
ist, born  in  London,  January  4, 1838.  He  was 
for  many  years  a  teacher  at  Cardiff  and 
Wantage.  In  1866-75  he  was  precentor  of 
Poultry  Chapel,  and  from  1877  tenor  in  the 
Foundling  Chapel.  Editor  of  "  The  London 
Tune  Book,"  1877,  and  composer  of  a  number 
of  hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Moss,  Sydney,  pianist,  violinist,  and 
conductor,  born  at  Sydney,  New  South  Wales, 
•January  9,  1854.  Studied  ab  Leipzig,  under 
Reinecke,  David,  and  E.  F.  Richter,  1865-74. 
Returned  to  Sydney  in  1874,  and  was  conduc- 
tor of  the  Musical  Union  in  that  city  to  the 
year  1881.  Mr.  Moss  has  been  most  disinter- 
ested in  his  service  to  music  in  Australia,  and 
in  many  ways  has  done  much  for  the  advance- 
ment of  the  art. 

Motley,  Richard,  composer  of  the  early 
part  of  the  18th  century.  He  composed  a 
number  of  songs,  "  Draw,  Cupid,  draw " 
[1705],  and  issued  a  collection  of  "  Ayres  " 
in  1701. 

Moul,  Alfred,  journalist  and  musician, 
lias  been  resident  ia  England  and  Australia. 
He  is  the  composer  of  several  songs,  one  of 
which,  "  'Mid  Rapture"  (Rossetti),  was  sung 
at  the  first  IMelbourne  Festival,  December, 
1882.  On  leaving  Melbourne,  in  1883,  he  was 
publicly  presented  with  an  address.  He  has 
also  written  some  pf.  music.  In  1888  he  was 
appointed  representative  for  the  British 
Empire  of  the  copyright  interest  of  the  Societe 
des  Auteurs,  Compositeurs  et  Editeurs  de 
Musique. 

Moulds,  John,  compo-ser  of  latter  part  of 
the  18th  ceiitury.  He  was  a  composer  to 
Ranelagh  Gardens,  London,  and  to  the  theatres 
he  contributed  The  Phisiognomist,  1795,  and 
The  Sultan,  1796,  operas.  Among  his  other 
works  may  be  named  Collection  of  Favourite 
Songs  sung  at  Ranelagh,  1787 ;  The  Retro- 
.spector  :  a  collection  of  sonnets  [1790] .     His 


MOUNTAIN. 

single  songs  include  Caledonian  maid  [1790] ; 
Cowslips  of  the  valley ;  Description  of  London 
[1796] ;  Edwin  and  Emma  (by  Mallet) ; 
Deserted  village  (Goldsmith) ;  Eleanor  of 
Exeter  (by  G.  S.  Carey) ;  Link  boy ;  Nut- 
brown  maid,  etc. 

Mounsey,  Ann  5.,  see  B.\rtholomew, 
Mrs. 

Mounsey,  Elizabeth,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  October  8,  1819. 
Sister  of  Mrs.  W.  Bartholomew  (c[.v.).  As  a 
pianist  she  had  a  good  reputation,  and  fre- 
quently took  part  in  the  chamber  concerts 
given  at  Crosby  Hall  by  Mr.  Dando  {q.v.). 
It  was  chiefly  as  an  organist  that  Miss  Moun- 
sey was  known.  She  was  appointed  to  St. 
Peter's,  Cornhill,  in  1834,  and  retained  the 
office  of  organist  until  1882,  when  she  retired. 
In  that  church  the  first  CC  organ  in  England 
was  erected,  under  the  superintendence  of 
Dr.  Gauntlett.  That  was  in  1840,  in  which 
year,  and  again  in  1842,  Mendelssohn  per- 
formed upon  it.  Miss  Mounsey  possessed 
many  interesting  mementos  of  Mendelssohn, 
and  greatly  aided  Mr.  P.  G.  Edwards  (q.v.)  in 
his  history  of  the  oratorio  "  Elijah."  She 
has  published  some  vocal  music,  and  pieces 
for  guitar,  organ,  pf.,  etc.  Since  1842  I\Iiss 
Mounsey  has  been  an  Associate  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society. 

Mount,  George,  composer,  contrabassist, 
and  conductor.  On  the  formation  of  the 
British  Orchestral  Society,  in  1872,  ]\Ir.  Mount 
was  appointed  conductor,  an  office  he  held  till 
the  dissolution  of  the  Socieby  a  few  years 
later.  The  first  concerb  was  given  in  St. 
James's  Hall,  December  5,  1872.  He  was 
deputy  conductor.  Sir  Arthur  Sullivan  being 
chief,  and  afterwards  conductor  of  the  Royal 
Amateur  Orchestral  Society,  from  1871  to  bhe 
present  time.  Appointed  assistant  conductor 
at  the  Royal  Aquarium,  Westminster,  1876 ; 
conductor,  Alexandra  Palace,  in  1885 ;  and 
occasional  conductor  of  the  Philharmonic 
Concerts,  1884-7.  His  compositions  include 
an  overture,  composed  in  celebration  of  the 
twenty-fifth  anniversary  of  the  Royal  Amateur 
Orchestral  Society ;  a  "  Pizzicato,"  for  strings, 
1894  ;  and  various  smaller  works.  Mr.  Mount 
is  a  professor  at  Trinity  College,  London. 

Mount  Edgcumbe,  Richard  Edgcumbe, 
2nd  Earl,  amateur  composer  and  writer, 
was  born  September  13,  1764.  Married  Lady 
Sophia  Hobart,  daughter  of  the  2nd  Earl  of 
Buckinghamshire.  Ho  died  at  Richmond, 
Surrey,  September  26,  1839.  Composer  of 
"  Zenoliia,"  an  opera,  King's  Theatre,  London, 
1800.  Author  of  "Musical  Reminiscences  of 
an  Amateur,  chiefly  respecting  the  Italian 
Opera  in  England,  for  fiftv  vears,  1773  to 
1823,  London,  1823;  2nd  edition,  1827;  3rd 
edition,  1828  ;  4th  edition,  1834. 

Mountain,     Sarah     or     Sophia,     horn 


292 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


MUDALIYAR. 

Wilkinson,  soprano  vocalist,  was  born  in  1768. 
She  made  an  appearance  in  1782,  but  after- 
wards sang  with  Tate  Wilkinson's  Company, 
at  Hull,  and  there  made  her  debut  in  178G. 
In  the  same  year  she  sang  in  Leeds  and  in 
Liverpoal.  She  married  Mr.  Jlountain,  a 
\ioliuist,  in  1786.  She  afterwards  sang  at 
Covent  Garden,  and  also  in  Dublin.  In  1814 
she  retired,  and  died  at  Hammersmith,  Lon- 
don, July  1,  1841. 

Mudaliyar,  A.  M.  Chinnaswami,  editor 
of  a  treatise  on  Indian  music,  "Oriental 
Music  in  European  Notation."  Ave  Maria 
Press,  Pudupet,  Madras,  1893. 

Mudie,  Thomas  Molleson,  composer 
and  organist,  born  at  Chelsea,  London,  Nov- 
ember 30,  1809.  He  studied  music  under 
Crotch,  Potter,  etc.,  at  R.A.M.,  182.3-.32.  Pro- 
fessor of  Pf.  at  R.A.M.,  1832-44.  Organist 
at  Galton,  Surrey,  1834-44.  Teacher  in  Edin- 
burgh for  a  time,  but  returned  to  London 
in  1863.     He  died  at  London,  July  24,  1876. 

Works. — Symphonies  in  C,  B  fiat,  F,  D ; 
Quintets,  quartets,  trios,  etc.,  for  strings,  etc. ; 
Pf .  music,  consisting  of  duets,  solos,  fantasias, 
nocturnes,  etc. ;  Anthems  and  sacred  songs ; 
Songs :  Dying  Gladiator ;  Evening  song ; 
Fisherman  ;  To  Memory ;  Six  songs  and  two 
duets ;  Sacred  songs  [1840]  ;  Three  sacred 
duets  [1842] .  Accompaniments  in  Wood's 
"Songs  of  Scotland,"  edited  by  Graham. 

Mullholian,  John  Macpherson,  Irish 
musician,  who  flourished  in  Ireland  and 
Edinburgh  about  the  end  of  last  and  the 
beginning  of  the  present  century.  He  issued 
a  volume  of  Irish  IMelodies  about  1800,  with 
titles  in  Irish  and  English,  based  on  a  collec- 
tion begun  by  his  father,  who  died  in  1770. 
He  also  issued  "  A  Selection  of  Irish  and 
Scots  tunes,  consisting  of  airs,  marches, 
strathspeys,  country  dances,  etc.,  adapted  for 
the  pianoforte,  Edinburgh,  n.d.  [1804] . 

Mullen,  Adelaide,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
in  Dublin.  Daughter  of  Benjamin  Mullen, 
Lay- vicar  of  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral.  Studied 
at  the  Alexandra  College,  Dublin,  and  with 
J.  B.  Welch.  Was  first  introduced  to  public 
notice  by  the  late  Sir  Robert  Stewart,  at  a 
concert  of  the  University  Choral  Society.  In 
March,  1882,  she  sang  at  a  State  Concert,  and 
at  the  musical  inauguration  of  the  National 
Exhibition,  Dublin,  in  August,  being  then  an 
amateur.  In  I\Iay,  1883,  she  gave  her  first 
concert  in  Dublin,  and  since  then  has  pursued 
a  successful  career,  appearing  in  Edinburgh, 
1885;  Glasgow,  1886;  and  at  the  Crvstal 
Palace  Concerts,  ZMarch  19,  1887.  In  "l888 
she  was  engaged  by  IMr.  William  Ludwig  for 
his  concerts  of  Irish  music  in  the  United 
States,  and  has  since  twice  visited  America. 
Toured  with  the  Burns-Crotty  Company  in 
1891-2.  Married,  April  26,  1888,  Henry 
Beaumont,  the  tenor  vocalist  (q.v.J. 


MUNDEN. 

Mullen,  Alfred  Frederick,  musician, 
who  died  in  1881.  Author  of  "  Harmonium 
Tutor,  with  a  series  of  easy  lessons  progres- 
sively arranged,"  London,  n.d. ;  Easy  and 
Complete  Instructions  for  the  Pianoforte, 
London,  n.d. ;  Catechism  of  Music,  n.d. 
Composer  of  numerous  transcriptions  for  pf., 
and  songs. 

Mullen,  Joseph,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Dublin  in  1826.  Chorister  in  Christ 
Church  Cathedral,  Dublin.  Organist  at  Tuam 
Cathedral ;  Succentor  of  Limerick  Cathedral ; 
Organist  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  St.  Catherine's 
Church,  and  of  Christ  Church,  Leeson  Park, 
Dublin. 

Mullineux,  William,  organist,  born  at 
Worsle}-,  Lancaster,  April  4,  1858.  Studied 
under  his  father.  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge,  and  Dr. 
Hiles.  Was  organist  of  Worsley  Wesleyan 
Chapel  at  the  age  of  ten,  and  in  1876  was 
appointed  organist  of  Bolton  Towtq  Hall,  an 
office  he  still  holds.  F.R.C.O.  He  is  the 
composer  of  a  cantata,  "  Harvest  Home," 
produced  at  Bolton,  1887. 

Mullinger=Higgins,  William,  see  Hig- 
GiNS,  Wm.  Mullinger. 

Mullinex,  Henry,  composer  and  vocalist, 
born  about  1793.  He  was  a  Gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal.  Died  at  London,  December  15, 
1838.  He  composed  waltzes,  marches,  etc.,, 
for  the  pf.,  and  some  vocal  music. 

Munday,  Eliza,  see  Salmon,  Eliz.a.. 

Mundella,  Emma,  pianist,  teacher,  and. 
composer,  born  at  Nottingham  in  1858. 
Daughter  of  the  late  John  Mundella,  of 
Leicester,  and  niece  of  the  Right  Hon.  A.  J. 
Mundella.  Received  her  first  musical  instruc- 
tion at  home,  and  studied  under  Arthur  Page, 
1873-6.  Won  the  Nottingham  Scholarship 
on  the  opening  of  the  National  Training 
School  for  Music  in  1876,  and  afterwards  took 
the  diploma,  .l.R.C.M.  Was  director  of  the 
music  at  St.  Elphin's  Clergy  Daughters' 
School,  Warrington ;  and  from  1880  at 
Wimbledon  High  School.  A  career  of  much 
usefulness  was  cut  short  by  death,  February 
20,  1896.  Of  her  compositions  the  principal 
was  "  The  Victory  of  Song"  (Lewis  Morris), 
for  female  chorus,  three  violins,  pf.  and  harp. 
She  also  published  two  anthems ;  Twelve 
elementary  duets ;  Three  sketches;  and  other 
pieces  for  pf .  Editor  of  The  Day  School  Hymn 
Book,  Novello,  the  enlarged  edition  of  which 
was  in  the  press  at  the  time  of  her  death. 

Munden,  Thomas,  organist  and  conduc- 
tor, was  a  chorister  of  Westminster  Abbey, 
and  pupil  of  Greatorex.  He  was  one  of  the 
conductors  of  the  Birmingham  Festivals  from 
1826  to  1846,  and  first  organist  of  the  Town 
Hall.  He  was  also  organist  of  Christ  Church 
and  St.  Paul's,  Birmingham.  He  died  in 
North  Wales  about  1879. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


293 


MUNDY. 

Mundy,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  latter  half  of  the  16th  century. 
He  studied  under  his  father,  arid  became 
organist  of  Eton  College.  Organist,  St. 
George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  ]585.  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxon.,  1586 ;  Mus.  Doc,  do.,  1624.  He  died 
in  1630. 

Works. — Songs  and  Psalms,  composed  into 
three,  four,  and  five  parts,  for  the  use  and 
delight  of  all  such  as  either  love  or  learne 
musicke,  1594 ;  Anthems,  and  other  sacred 
music  ;  "  Lightly  she  tripped,"  madrigal  for 
5  voices,  in  "  Triumphs  of  Oriana." 

Mundy,  William,  composer  of  the  16th 
century,  father  of  the  above.  Vicar-choral, 
.St.  Paul's.  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal, 
1563.  He  died  in  1591.  Composer  of  anthems 
in  Clifford's  collection,  etc. 

Murby,  Thomas,  composer,  violinist, 
and  writer,  born  at  Leicester,  March  27,  1834. 
Educated  at  the  Hill  Street  British  School 
there,  and  in  1849  became  amanuensis  to 
William  Gardiner  (^.f.).  In  1853  he  entered 
the  Borough  Koad  Training  College,  London, 
and  the  next  year  was  appointed  its  musical 
professor,  a  post  he  held  for  ten  years.  Beyond 
violin  lessons  from  a  French  professor.  Ferny, 
_he  was  self-educated  in  music.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Philharmonic  orchestra  for 
■eight  years ;  and  of  the  Royal  Amateur  Society 
for  about  sixteen  years ;  and  is  now  the  head 
of  an  educational  publishing  business. 

Works. — New  Tunes  to  choice  words, 
2  books ;  Merry-go-round,  a  collection  of 
rhymes,  jingles,  and  songs  [1874] ;  The  Golden 
Wreath,  a  collection  of  songs,  original  and 
adapted ;  The  Devonshire  Melodist,  original 
settings  of  12  songs  by  Edward  Capern,  the 
poet-postman ;  Merry  Songs  for  little  voices 
(iu  Conjunction  with  Thomas  Hood  the 
younger,  and  his  sister,  Mrs.  Broderip),  Lon- 
don, Griffith  &  Farran.  Children's  cantatas, 
Five  o'clock  tea,  1887  ;  Elsa,  or  the  imprisoned 
fairy,  1888;  Shakespeare's  merrie  meeting; 
and  Lost  Dimplechin,  1889,  all  performed  at 
Gresham  Hall,  Brixton.  Author  of  The 
Musical  Student's  INIanual,  London,  1862,  now 
in  its  8th  edition. 

Murdoch,  Alexander  Qregor,  minor 
poet  and  author,  born  at  Glasgow,  April, 
1843;  died  there,  February  13,  1891.  He 
published  several  volumes  of  poetry,  and  wrote 
a  series  of  papers  on  Scots  violinists  and  violin 
makers,  which  originally  appeared  in  the 
Glasgow  Weekly  Mail,  and  were  afterwards 
issued  as  "The  Fiddle  in  Scotland:  com- 
prising Scotch  Fiddlers  and  Fiddle  makers," 
London,  1888.  His  son,  William,  is  a  violinist 
of  much  promise. 

Muris,  John,  English  writer  and  musician, 
who  flourished  during  the  14th  century. 
Doctor  and  Canon  of  the  Sorbonne,  or  a 
Chanter  in  the   Church   of  Notice  Dame  of 


NARES. 

Paris.  Author  of  a  number  of  musical  works, 
preserved  in  MS. ;  among  which  are  treatises 
on  counterpoint,  and  notices,  the  earliest  of 
the  kind  of  the  time  table.  His  nationality 
has  been  variously'  stated  as  Norman,  or 
French,  but  a  concensus  of  opinion  seems  to 
fix  his  nationality  as  English. 

Murphy,  John,  musician  and  piper,  pub- 
lished "A  collection  of  Irish  airs  and  jiggs 
with  variations,  by  John  Murphy,  perfonner 
on  the  union  pipes  at  Eglintou  Castle," 
London,  n.d.    [1820]. 

Murray,  James  Robertson,  composer 
and  organist,  born  in  1836.  Organist  of  St. 
Botolph's,  Aldersgate,  London.  Founder  of 
the  London  Church  Choir  Association,  and 
conducted  the  annual  services  at  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  1880,  etc.  He  died  at  London, 
September  3,  1885. 

Musgrave,  Frank,  composer  and  con- 
ductor. He  was  musical  director  of  the  Strand 
Theatre,  London.  In  1887  he  was  an  inmate 
of  Bethnal  Green  Lunatic  Asylum,  and  in 
:May,  1888,  he  died.  Composer  of  "  Windsor 
Castle,"  burlesque  opera  by  Burnand,  Strand 
Theatre,  1865  ;  and  a  burlesque  on  "  L'Afric- 
aine,"  also  by  Burnand,  in  1865.  Songs: 
Early  love ;  I'll  forgive  thee  ;  Nellie  Lee ; 
She  haunts  me  like  a  happy  dream.  A  large 
number  of  polkas,  valses,  galops,  etc.,  for  pf. 

Mutlow,  William,  organist,  was  born  in 
1761.  He  became  organist  of  Gloucester 
Cathedral  in  1782,  and  held  the  appointment 
till  1832,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  John 
Amott.  He  died  at  Gloucester  in  1832.  He 
conducted  the  Gloucester  Festivals  from  1790 
to  1829.  Composer  of  "  Unto  Thee,  0  God," 
anthem,  etc. 

Napier,  William,  musician  and  publisher, 
born  in  Scotland  in  1740.  He  established 
himself  in  London  as  a  music-seller,  and  in 
this  capacity  served  the  Royal  family.  Mem- 
ber of  the  King's  band  till  he  was  forced  to 
retire  because  of  gout  in  his  hands.  He  also 
played  the  violin  at  the  Professional  concerts. 
He  died  in  Soniers  Town,  London,  June,  1812. 
He  published  A  Selection  of  the  most  favour- 
ite Scots  Songs,  chiefly  Pastoral,  adapted  for 
the  harpsichord,  with  an  accompaniment  for 
the  violin,  b)'  eminent  Masters,  London  [1790] ; 
A  Selection  of  Original  Scots  Songs,  in  three 
parts,  the  harmony  by  H.;ydn,  Loudon  [1792] ; 
Napier's  Selection  of  Dances  and  Strathspeys, 
with  new  and  appropriate  Basses,  adapted  for 
the  pianoforte,  harp,  etc.,  n.d.  The  "  eminent 
masters  "  mentioned  in  the  first  work  were 
S.  Arnold,  W.  Shield,  Carter,  and  Barthelemon. 
This  work  also  contains  a  "  Di-ssertation  on 
Scottish  Music,"  by  William  Tytler  (q.v.) 

Nares,  James,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Stanwell,  Middlesex,  about  April, 
1715.      He  was  a  chorister  in   the   Chapel 


294 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


NASH. 

Royal,  under  Gates,  and  also  studied  under 
Pepusch.  Deputy-organist  of  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor.  Organist  of  York  Cathedral, 
1734.  Organist  and  composer  to  the  Chapel 
Royal,  1756.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1757. 
Master  of  children  of  Chapel  Royal  in  1757-80. 
He  died  at  London,  February  10,  1783. 

Works. — Eight  Setts  of  Lessons  for  the 
harpsichord,  1747 ;  Five  harpsichord  lessons, 
1758 ;  Three  easy  do. ;  The  Royal  Pastoral, 
a  dramatic  ode  ;  Collection  of  catches,  canons, 
and  glees,  London  [1772] ;  Twenty  Anthems 
in  score,  for  the  use  of  H.M.  Chapel  Royal, 
London,  1778 ;  IMorning  and  Evening  Service, 
with  six  anthems  in  score,  1788 ;  Six  organ 
fugues.  A  Treatise  on  Singing,  n.d.  II  Prin- 
cipio,  or,  a  regular  introduction  to  playing  on 
the  harpsichord  or  organ,  n.d. ;  Concise  and 
easy  treatise  on  Singing. .  with  a  set  of  English 
duets  for  beginners;  Songs,  and  miscellaneous 
instrumental  music ;  Six  grand  choruses  from 
Handel's  oratorios,  adapted  for  the  organ  or 
harpsichord,  n.d. 

Nash,  or  Naish,  F.,  bass  vocalist,  known 
as  SiCiXOR  Franco  Novara,  born  in  the  West 
of  England.  Made  his  debut  at  Her  Majesty's 
Theatre,  IMay  28,  1881,  as  Mephistophele^,  in 
"  Faust."  He  sang  with  the  Carl  Rosa 
Company  in  1883;  at  Covent  Garden,  1889, 
etc.  He  has  been  on  tour  with  Madame 
Patti,  and  has  sung  in  many  parts  of  the 
kingdom.  In  1896  he  was  appointed  a  pro- 
fessor of  singing  at  the  R.A.M.  He  has 
composed  some  songs :  Earl  Douglas ;  The 
bold,  bad  Baron ;  Vieni  con  me,  etc. ;  The 
plighting  kiss,  duet. 

Nathan,  Isaac,  composer  and  writer,  was 
born  at  Canterbury  of  Jewish  parents,  1792. 
He  was  educated  at  Cambridge,  and  studied 
music  under  D.  Corri.  He  sang  at  Covent 
Garden  Theatre,  and  afterwards  emigrated  to 
Melbourne,  Australia,  in  February,  1841. 
He  was  killed  in  Sydney,  January  15,  1864. 

Works. — Operas  :  Sweethearts  and  Wives, 
1823;  The  Alcaid,  opera,  1824 ;  The  Illustrious 
Stranger,  musical  farce,  1827 ;  Merry  freaks 
in  troublous  times,  Sydney,  1851 ;  Musurgia- 
Vocalis,  an  Essay  on  the  History  and  Theory 
of  Music,  and  on  the  qualities,  capabilities, 
and  management  of  the  human  voice  [1823] , 
illustrated;  2nd  edition,  1836;  Life  of  Madame 
Malibran  do  Beriot,  inter.spersed  with  original 
anecdotes,  and  critical  remarks  on  her  musical 
powers,  London,  18-36.  The  King's  Fool, 
drama.  The  Southern  Eiiphrosyne  and 
Australian  Miscellany,  containing  Oriental 
moral  tales,  original  anecdotes,  poetry  and 
music ;  an  historical  sketch,  with  examples, 
of  the  native  aboriginal  nielodies,  etc.,  Sydney 
[1846] .  Hebrew  IMelodies  (from  Byron),  with 
Braham,  1822;  also  1861.  Let's  bow  to 
Solomon, glee,  Bristol  [1819] .  Songs :  Beauty's 
bower ;     Come   kiss  me,    said    Colin ;     Fair 


NAYLOR. 

Haidee ;  Lady-bird ;  Long  live  our  monarch 
(with  chorus) ;  When  I  roved  a  young  High- 
lander, etc.     Six  new  dances  [1812] . 

Nay  lor,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Stanningley,  near  Leeds,  June  8, 
1838.  Chorister  at  Leeds  Parish  Church, 
pupil  of-  R.  S.  Burton,  and  afterwards  his 
assistant  organist.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1863 ;  Mus.  Doc,  1872,  Oxford.  In  1856  he 
was  appointed  organist  of  St.  Mary's,  Scar- 
borough ;  and  in  1878  to  St.  Michael's  Church 
in  the  same  town.  There,  in  conjunction  with 
the  Rev.  R.  Brown-Borthwick  (q.v.),  he  raised 
the  musical  services  to  a  high  degree  of  excel- 
lence, and  gave  frequent  organ  recitals.  On 
the  retirement  of  Dr.  Monk  from  Y'ork 
Minster,  in  1883,  Dr.  Naylor  gained  the  post 
of  organist  there.  A  special  feature  at  the 
cathedral,  since  1885,  has  been  the  annual 
Military  service,  for  which  he  has  composed 
anthems  for  choir  and  military  band.  He 
was  condvictor  of  the  York  Musical  Society, 
retiring  in  June,  1896.  His  chief  works  are 
four  cantatas  :  Jeremiah  ;  The  Brazen  Serpent ; 
Meribah,  and  Manna ;  produced  at  Festivals 
in  York  Minster  in  1884-87-90,  and  1898.  He 
has  also  composed  a  service  in  G ;  anthems, 
"  0  ye  that  love  the  Lord,"  etc.  Songs  and. 
part-songs.  Owing  to  ill-health  he  resigned 
his  organ  appointment  in  April,  1897,  and 
died  while  on  the  voyage  to  Australia,  INIay, 
15, 1897. 

His  son,  Edward  Woodall  Naylor,  was 
educated  at  the  R.C.M.,  and  at  Emanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  graduating  Mus.  Bac, 
and  M.A.,  1891.  He  has  composed  a  scena, 
"Merlin  and  the  Gleam,"  for  baritone  solo 
and  orchestra.  Author  of  "  Shakespeare  and 
Music,"  London,  Dent,  1896. 

Naylor,  Sidney,  pianist  and  organist, 
born  at  Kensington,  London,  July  24,  1841. 
Chorister  at  the  Temple  Church,  and  pupil 
of  Dr.  E.  J.  Hopkins.  He  was  organist  suc- 
cessively at  St.  George's,  Bloomsbury ;  St. 
Michael's,  Bassishaw  ;  St-  Mary's,  Newington ; 
and  St.  Michael's,  North  Kensington.  But 
he  was  more  widely  known  as  an  able  accom- 
panist, officiating  for  many  years  at  Boosey's 
Ballad  Concerts  ;  occasionally  at  the  Monday 
Popular  Concerts ;  and  for  many  touring 
parties,  particularly  those  of  Mr.  Sims  Reeves. 
He  was  Carl  Rosa's  i^artner  in  the  English 
Opera  Season  of  1874.  He  died  at  Shepherd's 
Bush,  IMarch  4,  1898.  In  1868  he  married 
Miss  Blanche  Cole,  the  soprano  vocalist. 
She  was  born  at  Portsmouth,  in  185] ,  and 
began  her  stage  career  very  early.  From  1871, 
she  sang  for  a  few  years  in  concerts ;  but  was 
mostly  heard  in  opera.  At  various  times,  up 
to  1887,  she  was  a  member  of  the  Carl  Rosa 
Company ;  in  1879,  toured  with  a  company 
of  her  own  ;  and  in  1882  sang  in  the  Royal 
English  Opera  Company.     She  appeared  in  a 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


295 


NEALE. 

round  of  characters,  and  was  very  popular. 
Her  death  occurred  in  London,  August  31, 
1888. 

Neale,  Rev.  John  Mason,  hymn  writer, 
amateur  musician,  and  clergjanan,  was  born 
at  London,  January  24,  1818.  Educated  at 
Cambridge.  Curate  of  St.  IMichael's,  Guild- 
ford, 1841.  Warden  of  Sackville  College,  East 
Grinstead.  He  died  at  East  Grinstead,  August 
6,  1866.  He  composed  "An  Easter  Carol" 
[1849] ,  and  some  Church  music,  but  is  chiefly 
remembered  by  his  works  on  the  Eastern 
Church,  and  various  popular  hjTnns,  pub- 
lished in  such  collections  as  H\Tnns  for  the 
Sick,  1843 ;  Hjmins  for  Children,  1843 ; 
Hymns  chiefly  mediaeval,  1865 ;  HjTnnal  noted, 
1851-54,  2  vols.  Carols  for  Christmas-tide, 
1858  ;  Carols  for  Easter-tide,  1854,  both  edited 
by  Helmore. 

Neale,  Richard,  compiler  of  "A  Pocket 
Companion  for  gentlemen  and  ladies  :  being 
a  collection  of  the  finest  opera  songs  and  airs 
in  English  and  Italian  .  . .  figured  for  ye  organ, 
harpsichord,  and  spinet,"  London,  1725. 

Neate,  Charles,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  at  London,  March  28, 1784.  He  studied 
the  Pf.  under  J.  Field,  and  Woelfl.  Appeared 
as  pianist,  at  Covent  Garden,  1800.  Member 
of  Philharraonic  Society,  1813  ;  afterwards  a 
director  and  conductor.  He  became  acquainted 
with  Beethoven  in  1815.  He  took  lessons 
from  Winter,  and  played  in  England  at  the 
principal  ccncerts.  He  died  at  Brighton, 
March  .30,  1877. 

Works. — Grand  Sonata  for  pf.,  op.  1,  1808  ; 
Sonata  for  pf.,  in  D  minor,  op.  2,  1822;  Les 
Caracteres,  a  set  of  original  quadrilles,  op. 
19 ;  Fantasias,  op.  4,  35 ;  A  Hundred  im- 
promptus, or  short  preludes ;  Serenade,  op. 
15 ;  Toccatas,  op.  5 ;  Kinloch,  a  Scotch  air 
arranged  for  pf .  [1827]  ;  Pf.  rondos,  and  other 
instrumental  works.  Fantasia  for  pf.  and 
'cello,  op.  9 ;  Quintet,  pf.,  wind,  and  double 
bass ;  Trios  for  pf.,  violin,  and  'cello,  op.  21 
and  op.  22  [1831] .  Essay  on  fingering,  chiefly 
as  connected  with  expression,  together  with 
some  general  observations  on  Pianoforte 
Playing,  London,  n.d.  [1855] .     Songs,  etc. 

Needham,  Mrs.,  see  Clayton,  Eleanor 
Creathorne. 

Needier,  Henry,  musician  and  violinist, 
born,  London,  1685;  died,  August,  1760. 
One  of  the  original  founders  of  the  Academy 
of  Ancient  Music,  and  a  performer  of  merit. 

Nellson,  L.  C.,  see  Nielson,  L.  C. 

Nelson,  Sidney,  composer  and  writer, 
born  in  1800.  He  was  a  teacher  in  London, 
and  died  there  on  April  7,  1862. 

Works.— -Middle  Temple,  operetta  [1829]. 
Cadi's  Daughter,  opera  [1851] .  Songs  of  the 
Gipsies,  Loudon,  1832 ;  Mountain  Lays,  six 
sacred  songs ;  Six  vocal  trios  [1852] .  Songs  : 
Away  to  the  mountains  [1858] ;   Better  land 


NEWELL. 

[1840] ;  Gipsy  fortune  teller ;  Highland  widow ; 
Hunter's  horn ;  Life  is  a  river ;  Mary  of 
Argyle  [1860] ;  Oh  !  Steer  my  bark  to  Erin's 
Isle  [1840] ;  Pilot  [1835] ;  Eose  of  Allandale 
I  [1836]  ;  By  the  gentle  Guadalquiver,  and 
other  vocal  duets.  Instructions  in  the  art  of 
Singing,  London  [1835] .  Vocalist's  daily 
practice,  London,  1852.  Vocal  School,  a 
series  of  scales,  exercises,  etc.,  London,  n.d., 
also  1879. 

Nesbitt,  A.  M. ,  head-master  of  Toowoomba 
Grammar  School,  Queensland,  Australia,  was 
awarded  the  prize  of  fifty  guineas,  offered  by 
the  Brisbane  Musical  Union,  in  1887,  for  a 
"  Jubilee  Ode,"  for  chorus  and  orchestra. 

Newark,  William,  composer  of  the  15th 
and  16th  centuries,  who  contributed  to  the 
Fayrfax  MS.  A  madrigal  of  his,  entitled, 
"  Thus  musing,"  was  printed  bv  Novello  in 
1894. 

Newbury,  Philip,  tenor  vocalist,  born 
in  Jersey.  Most  of  his  early  life  was  spent  in 
Australia,  where  he  studied  under  the  best 
available  teachei-s.  In  1888  he  came  to 
England,  and  sang  at  various  concerts  in 
Sheffield,  Birmingham,  London,  etc.  He 
appeared  in  opera  at  the  Shaftesbury  Theatre, 
October,  1891,  as  the  Pilot  in  "  The  Flying 
Dutchman."  In  1896  he  was  back  again  in 
Australia,  and  after  touring  in  different  parts 
was  reported  as  settling  in  Tasmania  as  a 
teacher  of  singing. 

Newcombe,  Qeorgeanne  Hubi=  bom 
HuBi,  soprano  vocalist,  composer,  and  lyric 
author,  born  in  Loudon,  December  18,  1843. 
Studied  under  R.  Glenn  Wesley  and  Dr.  Hiles. 
Organist  for  some  years  at  Latchford  Parish 
Church.  Now  resident  at  Warrington.  Has 
written  many  lyrics  set  by  Gerard  Cobb, 
Den.'^a,  Pontet  (Whisper  and  I  shall  hear), 
Wellings,  and  others.  Her  own  composi  tions 
include  such  popular  songs  as  "  Ever  faithful," 
"  The  miner  and  his  boy  "  (Orchestra,  prize 
song),  "  Irish  Potheen,"  and  many  others. 
Her  pf.  piece,  "  Ye  Fancye  Fayre  ^larch," 
has  met  with  great  popularity.  Her  daughter, 
Ethel  Hubi- Newcombe,  gold  medallist 
(Llewelyn  Thomas),  R.A.M.,  is  a  soprano  vocal- 
ist of  much  promise. 

Newell,  Joseph  Edward,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Hunslct,  near  Leeds,  Octo- 
ber 11,  1843.  Studied  under  F.  W.  Hird,  and 
when  about  sixteen  was  appointed  organist  of 
St.  Philip's,  Leeds.  In  1866  he  went  to  St. 
Michael's,  Headingly,  where  he  remained 
until  1885,  when  he  took  over  the  duties  of 
organist  and  singing-master  at  Leeds  Gram- 
mar School,  and  its  Collegiate  Chapel,  St. 
Wilfred.  He  removed  to  London  in  1892, 
where  he  is  chiefly  engaged  in  composition, 
and  arranging,  etc.,  for  some  of  the  leading 
publishing  firms.  Of  the  large  number  of  his 
publications  the   most   important  are :    The 


296 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


NEWMAN. 

Christian  Pilgrim,  sacred  cantata,  produced 
at  Trinity  Church,  Leeds,  March  24,  1889; 
Spring,  cantata  for  female  voices ;  Stella, 
operetta  for  the  same.  The  Song-Bird  Album. 
Six  four-part  songs  ;  Twelve  two-part  songs ; 
Anthems,  etc.  Six  Diversions,  for  two  violins 
and  pf. ;  Six  musical  poems,  pf.  ;  Pf.  School 
in  three  grades,  1895 ;  Tutor  for  harmonimn 
and  American  organ ;  Rudiments  of  Music, 
with  historical  notes,  1895.  He  has  also 
published  much  music  for  Mandoline  and 
Guitar  under  the  iioms  de  plume  of  Carlo 
Murretti  and  Nicola  Podesta. 

Newman,  R.  A.,  musician  and  author, 
published  "Description  and  use  of  the  Har- 
monimetre,"  Wepiiouth,  1845. 

Newson,  George  Lincoln,  violinist, 
born  at  Diss,  Norfolk.  His  talent  was  ex- 
hibited very  early,  and  while  yet  a  schoolboy 
he  was  engaged  in  the  band  at  the  festivals 
of  Bury  St.  Ednrunds  and  Norwich.  Studied 
at  R.A.M.,  under  ]Mori,  and  was  in  the 
orchestra  of  the  Royal  Italian  Opera,  and 
played  at  the  principal  London  concerts,  and 
I)rovincial  festivals.  He  appears  to  have 
retired  from  the  profession  since  1890.  He 
is  an  A.R.A.M. 

Newth,  Robert  Boulcott,  tenor  vocalist, 
born  at  Worcester.  Chorister  at  the  Cathe- 
dral. Studied  under  W.  Done.  Was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  St.  Paul's,  Worcester ; 
later,  assistant  to  Dr.  Monk,  King's  College, 
London ;  then  to  St.  John's,  Angell  Town, 
Brixton,  1881.  About  that  time,  his  singing 
attracted  attention,  and  he  appeared  at 
various  concerts  in  London.  He  sang  at  the 
Gloucester  Festival,  1883  ;  and  at  Worcester 
Festival,  1884.  He  is  a  professor  at  the 
Guildhall  School  of  Music. 

Newton,  Mrs.  Alexander,  born  Ade- 
laide Ward,  singer  and  composer,  born 
at  London,  1821,  sister  of  J.  C.  Ward.  She 
was  one  of  Jenny  Lind's  concert  party  during 
her  fii'st  tour  in  England.  Sang  at  the  Wed- 
nesday Concerts,  Exeter  Hall,  1849.  She  died 
at  London,  December  22,  1881.  Composer 
of  songs  and  pf.  music ;  and  was  a  bravura 
singer  of  exceptional  ability. 

Newton,  James  Wiliiam,  musician  of 
end  of  last  and  first  half  of  the  present 
century.  Compiler  of  "  Psahnody  improved, 
in  a  collection  of  Psalm  tunes  and  an- 
thems for  2,  3,  and  4  voices  .  .  .  designed 
for  the  use  of  country  choirs,"  Ipswich,  1775. 
"  Companion  to  the  Pilgrim,  containing  30 
psalm  tunes,  etc,"  London  [1839] . 

Nichol,  Henry  Ernest,  composer,  pianist 
and  organist,  born  at  Hull,  December  10, 
1862.  Apprenticed  to  civil  engineering  in 
1877,  but  abandoned  that  for  the  serious 
study  of  music  in  1885.  Musical  training 
private.  Graduated  IMus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1888. 
Settled  in   Hull  as  performer  and  teacher. 


NICHOLSON. 

Music  master,  Hull  Grammar  School  ;  Or- 
ganist, St.  Andrew's,  Kirk  Ella  ;  Conductor, 
North  Cave  Choral  Society,  and  Newport 
Harmonic  Society. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Day  and  Night  (HuU, 
1892) ;  Ode  to  !Music,  for  chorus  and  orchestra 
(composed,  1894  ;  produced  at  Crvstal  Palace, 
Julv  13,  1895,  at  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  Festival) ; 
Will  o'  the  Wisp  (1896).    An  Evening  Service 
in  F,   anthems,    carols,  hymns,  etc.      Part- 
songs.     Sonata  in  A  minor,  pf.  (MS.)  ;  pieces 
for  pf.,  songs,  etc.    Author  of  a  book  on  Choral 
Technics  (Curwen),  for  choir-training,  and  a 
primer  on  Transposition  at  Sight. 
!      Nicholds,    Joseph,    composer    and   con- 
ductor, was  l)orn  at  Sedgley.     For  some  time 
I  he  acted  as  director  of  Wombwell's  band,  but 
!  was  afterwards  a  teacher  of  music.     He  died 
a  pauper  in  Dudley  Union,  February  18, 1860. 
Composer  of  Babylon,  oratorio  ;  The  Triumph 
of  Zion,  oratorio,  Wolverhampton,  September 
17,  1844.     Sacred  JIusic,  a  selection  of  psalm 
and  bymn  tunes,  London  [1820] ,  songs,  etc. 
Nicholl,    Horace   Wadham,    composer, 
born  at  West  Bromwich,  Staffordshire,  March 
17,  1848.     Son  of  a  musician  of  some  local 
repute.     He  has  been  for  many  years  resident 
;  in  New  York.     Of  his  works,  a  "  Romance 
'  Antique  "  for  orchestra  was  produced  at  New 
j  York  in  1885 ;  and  "  Cloister  Scene,"  for  soli, 
chorus,    and    orchestra,    at    the    Pittsburgh 
I  Festival,  1889.     He  is  said  to  have  written  a 
j  Tetralog}',    "  The   Fall   of   Man  ;    Abraham  ; 
I  Isaac ;  and  Jacob." 

Nicholl,  William,  tenor  vocalist  and 
teacher,  was  born  at  Crlasgow,  June  30,  1851, 
and  originally  worked  as  an  engineer  in 
Glasgow  and  India.  He  studied  at  the  Royal 
Academy  of  jNIusic,  under  Fiori,  from  January, 
1884,  to  July,  1885,  and  gained  the  Parepa- 
Rosa  gold  medal,  and  the  Academy  bronze 
medal.  He  afterwards  studied  at  Florence 
under  Yannucini.  He  made  his  debut  at 
Glasgow,  in  November,  1884,  with  ^Madame 
Georgina  Burns'  party.  Since  1886  he  has 
given  an  annual  series  of  classical  concerts 
in  London,  and  has  sung  at  Chester  (1888), 
Gloucester  (1889),  and  other  festivals  and 
concerts  throughout  the  kingdom,  such  as  the 
London  Ballad  Concerts,  Crystal  Palace, 
Richter  Concerts,  etc.  He  has  appeared 
twice  before  the  Queen,  by  command,  and  in 
1895  he  accompanied  Mr.  Gladstone  in  the 
"  Tantallon  Castle"  when  Sir  Donald  Currie 
was  cruising  in  the  North  Sea.  He  is  A.R.A.M. 
and  has  been  a  professor  of  singing  at  the 
Royal  Academy  of  Music  since  1891.  Joint 
author  with  George  Thorpe  of  "  Text-Book 
on  the  natural  use  of  the  Yoice,"  London, 
1895,  and  has  lectured  on  "  Yoice  Production  " 
at  the  Society  of  Arts,  January  27,  1897. 

Nicholson,  Alfred,  oboist,  born  at 
Leicester,  June  30,  1822,  for  many  years  in 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


297 


NICHOLSON. 

the  band  of  the  Royal  Italian  Opera,  and  also 
in  the  different  festival  orchestras.  Appeared 
as  soloist  at  the  Wednesday  Concerts,  Exeter 
HaU,  1849,  etc.  Was  in  the  orchestra  at 
production  of  "Elijah,"  Birmingham,  1846. 
He  died,  August  29,  1870.  His  brother, 
Hexry  Nicholson,  flutist,  was  born  at 
Leicester.  He  has  played  at  the  principal 
concerts  in  the  provinces,  in  chamber  music, 
etc.  Was  for  nearly  30  years  a  member  of 
the  Birmingham  Festival  orchestra.  In  1853 
he  started  Concerts  for  the  People,  at  Leices- 
ter, and  has  done  much  for  music  in  that 
to%vn.  In  ilay,  1886,  three  testimonial  con- 
certs were  given  in  his  honour  by  a  number 
of  artists,  and  a  cheque  for  £800,  the  resiilt, 
publicly  presented  to  him  by  the  Mayor  of 
Leicester.  He  is  still  actively  engaged  in  his 
profession,  and  took  part  in  the  complimentary 
concert  given  to  Miss  Deacon  {q.t-.)  in  May, 
1896.  Author  of  "  Instructions  for  the  Flute/' 
and  arranger  of  music  f^r  that  instrument. 

Nicholson  Charles,  flute-player  and 
composer,  born  at  Liverpool  in  1795.  Flute- 
player  at  Covent  Garden,  Drury  Lane,  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  etc.  He  died  at  London, 
March  26,  1837.  '  Wrote  "Preceptive  Lessons 
for  the  Flute,"  with  Portrait  and  Appendix, 
"London  (10  numbers),  1821 ;  "  Complete  Pre- 
ceptor for  the  German  Flute,  in  a  style  per- 
fectly simple  and  easy,"  London,  2  parts  [1816] ; 
"Studies  in  the  sharp  and  flat  kej's,  composed 
with  marks  of  expression  and  articulation  for 
the  Flute  "  ; "  Le  Bouquet,  or  Flowers  of  Me- 
lodv,  a  choice  collection  of  airs.. for  1  or  2 
flutes . . " ;  School  for  the  Flute,  London  [1836], 
new  edition  by  RadclifE,  London  [1873];  Bolero 
[1825] ;  Collection  of  waltzes  for  the  flute ;  Four 
concertinos  for  the  flute  and  pf .;  Admired  Tyro- 
lese  melodies  sung  by  the  Rainer  family  (with 
Bochsa),  1830.  Niunerous  fantasias,  selections, 
etc.,  for  flute  and  pf. 

Nicholson,  Rev.  Henry  D.,  M.A., 
author  of  "The Organ:  its  mechanism,  stops, 
etc.,  explained,  London,  n.d.  (2  editions). 
Boston  edition  published  under  the  title  of 
"  Organ  Manual." 

Nicholson,  James,  musician,  author  of 
"  A  Concise  Treatise  on  Thorough-bass,  with 
practical  lessons  selected  from  the  most 
eminent  composers,"  London  [1796] .  Another 
James  Nicholson,  probably  the  same,  was  a 
performer  on  the  pipe  and  tabor  at  York,  and 
died  on  August  30,  1807. 

Nicholson,  or  Nicolson,  Richard,  or- 
ganist and  composer,  was  born  in  the  second 
half  of  the  16th  century.  Organist  and 
chorus-master,  ^lagdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1595.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1596.  He  was  the 
first  choragus  or  professor  of  music  in  Oxford 
University  on  Heather's  Foundation,  in  1626. 
He  died  at  Oxford,  16.39.  Composer  of  mad- 
rigals in  the  "  Triumphs  of  Oriana,"  etc. 


NIELSON. 

Nicks,  George,  viola  player  and  composer, 
was  born  about  1775.  He  was  viola  player  in 
the  orchestras  of  the  Italian  Opera  and 
Covent  Garden,  and  at  the  Ancient  and 
Philharmonic  concerts.  For  many  years  he 
acted  as  manager  of  the  Subscription  Con- 
certs in  the  Music  Rooms  at  Oxford.  He 
died  at  London,  January  8,  1841.  Composer 
of  much  vocal  music,  among  which  may  be 
named  the  following  songs: — Adieu,  Ben 
Cable,  Kaleidoscope  (1828),  O  Memory  (1810), 
Pleasures  of  lovers  (1797),  Poor  Harry  (1806). 
The  Robin  (1825),  Since  truth  has  left  the 
shepherd's  tongue.  The  Tear,  etc. 

Nicolson,  Ludovick,  composer  and  vio- 
linist, who  was  a  weaver  to  trade.  He  was 
born  in  Paisley  about  1770,  and  died  there 
August  3,  1852.  He  was  an  associate  of  R.  A. 
Smith,  Tannahill  the  poet,  and  other  worthies 
of  his  time.  Compiler  of  "  A  collection  of 
psalm  and  h\Tnn  tunes  in  four  parts,  adapted 
to  various  mietres  and  may  be  used  in  the 
principal  churches,  chapels,  and  dissenting 
coiigregations  in  Scotland,"  Paisley  (Glasgow 
engraved),  about  1852.  The  tunes  "  Paisley" 
and  "  Low  Church  "  are  by  him. 

Nield,  Jonathan,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
1769.  In  1795  he  was  appointed  a  gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Royal  in  succession  to  J. 
Soaper.  He  was  also  in  the  choirs  of  West- 
minster Abbey  and  St.  Paul's.  For  many 
years  he  was  principal  tenor  at  the  Ancient 
Concerts,  and  a  member  of  the  Noblemen 
and  Gentlemen's  Glee  Club ;  Royal  Society 
of  Musicians,  etc.  He  also  sang  at  the 
Gloucester  INIusical  Festival  in  1793,  and 
afterwards  at  other  festivals.  He  died  at 
London  on  March  6,  1843. 

WiLLi.\M  AsHTON  NiELD,  probably  a  rela- 
tive of  the  foregoing,  composed  "  The  Ju- 
venile Musical  Library  .  .  ."  London,  1854, 
illustrated  by  George  Cruikshank,  and  now 
very  scarce.  "  Collection  of  Psalms  and 
Hymns  as  sung  at  All  Sculs'  Church,  St. 
Mary-le-Bow  .  .  ."  London  [1827] .  Smgs : 
Days  of  yore,  Harbour  of  peace.  Rounds ; 
Pf.  music,  etc. 

Nielson,  Lawrence  Cornelius,  com- 
poser, organist  and  pianist,  was  born  at 
London  in  1760.  He  was  taken  to  America 
in  1767,  but  afterwards  returned  and  became 
organist  at  Dudley  and  Chesterfield.  He 
died  at  Chesterfield  about  1830. 

Works. — Sonatas,  duets,  divertissements, 
etc.,  for  pf. ;  Twelve  favourite  airs  for  two 
German  Flutes  [1800] ;  Marches  for  pf.  [1810]. 
Stmgs :  Balmy  pledge  of  love,  Happy  the 
youth.  When  absent,  etc. 

His  son,  Edwin  John  Nielson,  born  in 
1812,  was  one  of  the  foundation  students  of 
the  R..\.M.  He  composed  a  number  of  songs 
between  1833—1840,  of  which  may  be  named 
— Better  land,  Happy  home,  I  hae  naebody 


298 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


NIGHTINGALE. 

now,  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots'  adieu,  Norwe- 
gian love  song,  Remember  me,  etc.  He  was 
a  harpist  and  composed  some  music  for  harp 
and  pf.  The  surname  of  these  musicians  is 
spelt  variously  Neilson  and  Nielson. 

Nightingale,  John  Charles,  composer 
and  organist,  was  born  about  1785.  Organist 
of  the  Foundling  Hospital,  London.  He 
died  about  1837.  He  issued  a  "  Collection  of 
psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  odes,  etc.,  in  3  and  4 
parts,"  London  [1824],  and  composed  rondos, 
waltzes,  and  arrangements  for  the  pf.  Also 
arranged  "  The  celebrated  choruses  from 
Handel's  oratorios  for  the  organ  "  ;  "A  selec- 
tion of  overtures  from  Handel's  most  cele- 
brated oratorios,  arranged  for  the  organ  and 
pf."  He  wrote  some  Familiar  voluntaries  for 
the  organ,  which  were  issued  in  a  collected 
form  as  a  Series  of  voluntaries,  about  1855; 
and  composed  Battle  songs ;  Indian  lover's 
song ;  IMan  to  man,  and  other  songs  and 
vocal  music. 

Joseph  G.  Nightingale,  born  1822,  was 
an  organist  in  Liverpool. 

Nimmo,  Robert  Hamilton,  tenor  vocal- 
ist, born  at  Catrine,  September  10, 1836.  He 
was  a  music  seller  and  gave  concerts,  chiefly 
of  Scot's  music,  in  various  parts  of  Scotland. 
He  died  at  Glasgow,  March  20,  1893.  He 
wrote  the  song,  "  Creep  before  ye  gang,"  and 
others  of  a  like  nature. 

Nisbet,  James,  tenor  vocalist  and  writer, 
born  1817  ;  died  at  Liverpool,  February  29, 
1884.  Author  of  a  "  Vocal  Primer,  or  stu- 
dent's singing  manual,"  Glasgow  [18G0],  and 
other  works. 

Nixon,  Henry  George,  composer  and 
organist,  was  born  at  Winchester,  February 
20,  1796.  He  was  organist  of  St.  George's 
Chapel,  London  Road,  from  1817  to  1820; 
next  of  Warwick  Street  Chapel,  1820-36 ; 
then  of  St.  Andrew's  Roman  Catholic  Chapel, 
Glasgow,  1836-39  ;  and  finally  of  St.  George's 
Roman  Catholic  Cathedral,  London,  1839-49. 
He  died  in  London  of  cholera,  in  1849. 

Works. — Five  Masses  and  other  music  for 
the  Roman  Catholic  Church  service.  Nu- 
merous airs  arranged  for  the  pf.  There 
came  to  the  lady's  gate  a  knight,  and  other 
songs,  etc. 

He  was  a  nephew  of  Henry  Nixon,  born 
at  Liverpool,  1787  ;  died  July  25,  1834,  who 
was  a  writer  on  music  and  inventor  of  a 
musical  instrument  called  the  Eolina.  H. 
G.  Nixon  was  married,  in  1818,  to  Caroline 
Melissa  Danby  (died  1857),  a  daughter  of 
Danby  the  glee  composer.  They  had  a  large 
family,  among  whom  may  be  named  James 
Cassana  (1828-42),  a  viclinist,  and  Henry 
Cotter,  noticed  below. 

Nixon,  Henry  Cotter,  fourth  son  of 
H.  G.  Nixon,  was  born  in  London  in  1842. 
Studied  under  H.  Deval,   Henry  Smart,  Dr. 


NODES. 

Steggall,  and  G.  A.  Macfairen.  Became 
F.C.O.,  1867  ;  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1876, 
Cambridge.  Organist  of  St.  Peter's,  Wool- 
wich, 1864-8 ;  St.  James's,  Spanish  Place, 
1870 ;  St.  Mary  Magdalene's,  St.  Leonard's- 
on-Sea,  1872-7.  Conductor  of  an  orchestral 
society  there.  Now  resident  in  London.  He 
won  the  Trinity  College,  London,  prize,  1880, 
for  Pf.  trio ;  1881,  for  Sonata,  pf.  and  'cello  ' 
also  prizes  for  six-part  madrigal,  Brighton 
Sacred  Harmonic,  1889,  and  that  of  £25' 
offered  by  Methven,  Simpson,  Edinburgh, 
1893,  for  the  best  set  of  two-part  songs.  His 
other  works  include  Psalm  95,  for  soli,  chorus 
and  orchestra  ;  Overture,  "  Titania  "  ;  Sym- 
phonic poem,  "  Palamon  and  Arcite,"  both 
for  orchestra  ;  pf.  pieces  ;  songs,  etc. 

Noble,  Charles,  organist,  born  at  South- 
well, Notts,  September  17,  1812.  He  was 
organist  of  St.  Martin's,  Stamford ;  of  St. 
Mary's  Nottingham,  for  38  years  ;  and  lastly 
of  Southwell  Minster.  He  died  at  Southwell, 
September  10,  1885.  As  a  teacher  he  was 
very  successful,  and  highly  esteemed. 

Samuel  John  Noble,  organist  and  pianist, 
was  King's  Scholar,  R.A.M.,  1839.  Pupil  of 
W.  H.  Holmes.  He  played  at  the  Wednesday 
Concerts,  Exeter  Hall,  London,  1849  ;  and 
was  organist  of  Spitalsfield  Parish  Church  ; 
and  of  St.  Mary-at-Hill,  1861.  Another 
Samuel  Noble,  an  alto  singer,  is  a  Gentle- 
man of  the  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James's. 

Noble,  Thomas  Tertius,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Bath,  May  5,  1867.  Edu- 
cated at  R.C.IM.,  where  he  was  exhibitioner 
and  scholar,  under  Walter  Parratt,  Yilliers 
Stanford,  and  J.  F.  Bridge.  A.R.C.M. 
When  fourteen  was  organist  of  All  Saints', 
Colchester;  and  after  leaving  the  R.C.M., 
was  appointed  successively  to  St.  John's, 
Wilton  Road,  S.W.,  1889  ;  Assistant  organist, 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  1890  ;  and  organ- 
ist and  choirmaster,  Ely  Cathedral,  1892. 
There  he  has  been  active  in  promoting  special 
services,  introducing  Haydn's  "Passion,"  and 
other  works  of  imx:)ortance.  He  has  a  num- 
ber of  compositions,  including  an  organ 
sonata,  in  ]\IS.  Of  his  published  works  the 
principal  is  a  setting  of  the  Communion  OfiEice, 
scored  for  voices,  organ,  horns,  trumpets,  trom- 
bones, and  drums  (1891).  A  Solemn  IMarch, 
and  other  pieces  for  organ,  are  also  published. 
He  has  also  composed  music  to  the  A.D.C. 
burlesque,  Jupiter,  at  Cambridge. 

Nodes,  O.,  musician  of  early  part  of 
present  century,  edited  with  J.  Bowcher 
"  A  Selection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes 
adapted  to  the  various  metres  now  in  use  in 
all  churches,  chapels,  and  dissenting  congre- 
gations throughout  Great  Britain,"  London 
1 1803].  He  also  issued  "A  Selection  of 
Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes,"  London  [1806], 
published  in  numbers. 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


299 


NORBURY. 

Norbury,  John,  author  of  "  The  Box  of 

Whistles,  an  illustrated  book  on  organ  cases  ; 
with  notes  on  organs  at  home  and  abroad," 
London,  1877. 

Norcome,  Daniel,  musician  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Windsor  in  1576.  He  was 
a  son  of  one  of  the  lay-clerks  at  Windsor,  and 
was  probably  a  singer  in  the  Chapel  Royal 
there.  He  is  stated  to  have  left  England  on 
account  of  his  religion,  and  he  became  a 
member  of  the  band  in  the  Arch-ducal  Chapel 
at  Brussels,  where  he  was  in  1647.  He  com- 
posed "  With  angel's  face  and  brightness," 
a  madrigal  in  the  "Triumphs  of  Oriana," 
1601. 

Norledge,  Annie  E.,  soprano  vocalist, 
born  at  Newark,  Nottingham.  At  first  she 
studied  the  violin,  being  a  scholar  of  R.C.M., 
and  later,  a  student  at  the  Leipzig  Conserva- 
torium.  She  played  the  viola  in  the  first 
Ladies'  Quartet  in  Leipzig.  After  her  return 
she  studied  singing  under  W.  Shakespeare. 
For  some  short  time  she  played  violin  at 
various  concerts,  but  is  now  favourably  known 
as  an  accomplished  vocalist,  having  appeared 
with  success  in  many  parts  of  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Norman,  Helen  S.,  see  sub.,  Standing, 
F.  H. 

Normann,  Rudolf,  see  Harris,  George 
Frederick. 

Norris,  Thomas,  composer,  and  tenor 
vocalist,  born  at  Mere,  near  Salisbury,  about 
August,  1741.  He  became  a  chorister  in 
Salisbury  Cathedral  under  Stephens.  Sang 
at  Worcester  and  Hereford  Festivals,  1761-62 ; 
and  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  1762.  Organist 
of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1765.  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxon.,  1765.  Organist  of  St.  John's  College, 
Oxford,  1765.  Lay-clerk  of  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford,  1771.  Sang  at  Handel  Commemora- 
tion, 1784.  He  died  at  Himley  Hall,  near 
Stourbridge,  September  .3,  1790. 

Works. — Six  Symphonies  for  2  violins, 
2  hautboys,  2  French  horns,  a  tenor  and  bass, 
op.  1,  London  [1770] .  Eight  solo  songs  for 
voice  and  harpsichord,  Oxford  [1775] .  Songs 
in  "Amusement  for  Ladies."  Four  glees. 
Anthems,  etc. 

North,  Francis,  Lord  Guildford,  writer, 
born  in  1637,  died  in  1685.  Held  several 
important  legal  appointments,  but  has  interest 
in  a  musical  sense  only  as  the  author  of  "  A 
Philosophical  Essay  on  Music,"  1677.  His 
brother  Roger  (1650-1733),  was  a  miscellane- 
ous writer,  who  left  in  MS.  "  ]\Iemoirs  of 
Musick,...now  first  printed  from  the  original 
MS.  and  edited,  with  copious  notes,  by  E.  F. 
Rimbault,"  London,  1846.  This  is  an  inter- 
esting work,  containing  a  fund  of  information 
on  events  in  the  musical  history  of  the  author's 
period. 

North,    James   M.,    vocal  teacher  and 


NOVELLO. 

composer,  born  at  Huddersficld  in  1835.  He 
was  taken  to  the  United  States  in  1842,  and 
was  a  pupil  of  Lowell  INIason,  G.  F.  Root,  and 
G.  J.  Webb.  He  was  successivelj'  a  teacher 
in  St.  Louis,  and  in  the  New  York  State 
Normal  School,  Albany,  from  1859  to  1860. 
Afterwards  director  of  music  in  the  public 
schools.  Editor  of  Vocal  exercises  and  various 
collections  of  music  for  church  and  choral 
society  use. 

North,  John,  conductor,  and  teacher  of 
singing,  born  at  Huddersfield  in  1852.  In 
1862  he  entered  the  business  of  Wood  and 
Marshall,  Huddersfield,  and  afterwards  became 
a  partner.  Learnt  to  play  pf .  and  violin  ; 
was  in  the  theatre  orchestra,  and  ultimately 
leader.  Conductor  of  the  Huddersfield  Glee 
and  Madrigal  Society ;  Philharmonic  Society ; 
and  Festival  Choral  Society,  the  last  one  of 
the  finest  in  existence ;  also  conducted  other 
societies  in  the  district.  Was  for  some  years 
organist  of  New  North  Road  Baptist  Chapel, 
but  resigned  in  1887.  He  died  at  Huddersfield, 
October  12,  1891. 

North,  Robert  Augustus,  Examiner  in 
Music  to  the  New  Zealand  Government,  pub- 
lished in  London,  1896,  a  work,  entitled, 
"  Voxometric  Revelation." 

Norton,  Hon.  Mrs.,  bom  Caroline 
Elizabeth  Sarah  Sheridan,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Sheridan,  grand-daughter  of  R.  B. 
Sheridan,  and  sister  of  Helen  Lady  Dufferin 
(q.v.).  She  was  born  in  1809.  Best  known 
as  a  novelist  and  poetess.  In  February,  1877, 
she  was  married  for  the  second  time  to  Sir 
William  Stirling-Maxwell,  Bart.  She  died  at 
Tjondon,  June  15,  1877.  Joint  composer  of 
"  A  Set  of  Ten  Songs,  etc.,  by  two  sisters  " 
[1838] .  Composer  of  Set  of  Seven  Songs  and 
a  duet,  3  sets  [c.  1840] ;  Songs  of  affection  ; 
Avenge  the  wrong  of  Adam  Leslie ;  Blind 
girls' lament ;  Love  of  Helen  Douglas;  Mother's 
lament,  and  other  songs.  Health  to  the 
outward  bound,  glee.  Words  of  a  number  of 
popular  songs,  like  Blockley's  "  Love  not," 
"  Arab's  farewell  to  his  steed,"  etc. 

Novello,  Clara  Anastasia,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  at  London,  June  10,  1818. 
Daughter  of  Vincent  Novello.  She  studied 
at  Paris  Conservatory,  and  under  John 
Robinson,  of  York.  On  January  7,  1833,  she 
sang  at  the  first  concert  of  the  Vocal  Society, 
Hanover  Square  Rooms,  London,  and  appeared 
at  Windsor  in  the  same  year.  Sang  at  Ancient 
and  Philharmonic  Concerts,  and  at  all  the 
important  Provincial  Festivals,  and  at  the 
Gewandhaus  Concerts,  Leipzig,  in  Italy,  etc. 
She  married  Count  Gigliucci,  1848,  and  retired 
in  1860. 

Novello,  Joseph  Alfred,  publisher  and 
musician,  born  at  London  in  1810.  Eldest 
son  of  Vincent  Novello.  Choir-master  of 
Lincoln's    Inn    Chapel.       Bass    vocalist    at 


300 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


NOVELLO. 

various  concerts.  Publisher  under  title  of 
Novello  &  Co.  in  succession  to  the  business 
founded  bv  his  father.  Retired  to  Genoa  in 
1856,  and  died  there,  July  16,  1896.  He  wrote 
"  Analysis  of  Vocal  Rudiments  by  Question 
and  Answer,"  London,  n.d. ;  "  Concise  Ex- 
planations of  the  Gregorian  Note,"  London, 
1842,  etc.  Wrote  English  version  of  INIendel- 
ssohn's  "  Lobgesang."  He  invented  a  form 
of  vessel  that  was  claimed  to  prevent  sea- 
sickness. 

Novello,  Mary  Sabilla,  writer,  and 
soprano  vocalist,  daughter  of  Vincent  Novello. 
Appeared  as  singer  at  various  places,  but  now 
known  only  as  writer  of  a '  'Vocal  School,  etc. . , " 
London,  n.d. ;  "  Voice,  and  Vocal  Art,"  n.d. 

Novello,  Vincent,  organist,  composer,  and 
publisher,  born,  London,  September  6,  1781. 
Chorister  in  the  Sardinian  Chapel,  Duke 
Street,  under  S.  Webbe.  Deputy  organist  to 
Webbe  and  Danby.  Organist  of  the  Portu- 
guese Chapel,  1797-1822.  Founded  the  firm 
of  Novello  &  Co.,  in  1811.  Pianist  to  Italian 
Opera,  London,  1812.  Organist  of  Roman 
Catholic  Chapel,  in  Moorfields,  1840-43. 
Member  of  Philharmonic  Society,  and  founder 
of  the  Classical  Harmonists  Society.  He 
retired  to  Nice,  and  died  there  August  9, 1861. 

Works. — Collections  of  church  music,  con- 
sisting of  selections  from  the  writings  of 
composers  of  all  times.  Anthems,  kyries, 
hpnns,  and  other  churc  h  music.  Cathedral 
voluntaries  for  organ,  eight  books  of  selec- 
tions. Short  melodies  for  organ,  in  six  books. 
Select  organ  pieces,  in  18  books  containing 
numerous  original  pieces.  Rosalba,  cantata. 
Masses,  various.  Collection  of  motets  for 
the  Offertory.  Convent  music,  collection  of 
sacred  pieces.  Studies  in  vocal  counterpoint, 
consisting  of  rounds,  etc.  Surrey  Chapel 
music.  Glees,  songs,  etc.  The  works  of 
Purcell  (sacred).  The  Fitzwilliam  music. 
Madrigalian  studies,  London,  eight  parts, 
1841.  A  Biographical  Sketch  of  Henry  Pur- 
cell, from  the  best  authorities,  London  [1832]. 

Nunn,  Edward  Cuthbert,  composer  and 
pianist,  of  present  time.  Studied  at  R.A.M. 
Won  the  Lucas  ^Nledal  for  Composition,  1887; 
Bennett  Scholarship,  1888.  A.R.A.M.  Resi- 
dent at  Leytonstone,  Essex.  He  has  given 
pf.  recitals,  but  is  better  known  by  his  com- 
positions. The  chief  are :  Psalm  100,  for 
baritone  solo  and  chorus,  performed,  Leyton- 
stone, 1891 ;  Cantatas  and  operettas,  William 
Tell,  or  A  n(arrow)  escape;  Sir  Rupert  the 
Fear' ess ;  Prince  Kamar-al-Zaman,  1894; 
Sappho,  etc.  Pieces  for  pf.,  organ  ;  an  Even- 
ing Service,  songs,  etc. 

Nunn,  Elizabeth  Annie,  composer,  died 
at  FallDwfield,  Manchester,  January  7,  1894, 
at  the  age  of  33.  She  published  a  ^lass  in  C, 
for  soli,  chorus  and  orchestra,  op.  4 ;  and 
other  liturgical  music. 


OAKELEY. 

Nunn,  John  Hopkins,  organist  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Burv  St.  Edmunds,  November 
10,  1827.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  of  which  Insti- 
tution he  is  a  Fellow.  Organist  at  Sherborne 
in  1852,  removing  to  Penzance  in  1854,  where 
he  has  been  organist  of  St.  Mary's  Church 
since  1859.  Conductor  of  Penzance  Choral 
Society,  which  has  given  many  good  concerts. 
He  has  composed  a  Te  Deum,  anthems,  etc. 
His  daugters,  Geetrcde  and  Henrietta, 
have  been  heard  as  vocalists  in  the  Western 
counties,  and  iu  March,  1885,  sang  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts.  The  first-named 
is  a  violoncellist  of  some  distinction.  John 
Nuxx,  possibly  related,  was  at  one  time  living 
at  Bury  St.  Edmunds  ;  and  for  many  years 
was  organist  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Bedford. 
From  about  1840  to  1860,  he  took  an  active 
part  in  concert  giving,  and  was  principal 
violin  of  the  Bedford  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society. 

Nunn,  Robert  Lindley,  organist  and 
pianist,  born  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  July  15, 
1826.  Brother  of  John  H.  Nunn.  Student, 
Associate,  and  Fellow,  R.A.M.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1867.  Organist  of  St. 
!\Iary-le-Tower,  Ipswich,  1856-81 ;  and  some- 
time organist  of  Queen  Elizabeth  School. 
Has  been  a  concert  giver  and  performer  at 
Ipswich.  Colchester,  and  other  places,  from 
1853.  Resident  at  Ipswich  as  teacher,  etc. 
He  has  two  daughters,  talented  musicians, 
the  one  a  violinist,  the  other  a  pianist,  pupil 
of  the  Paris  Conservatoire.  Edwt;n  Nuxn, 
F.C.O.,  of  Ipswich,  is  the  musical  editor  of 
"  HjTiins  and  chants  for  female  voices,"  No- 
vello, 1884,  compiled  for  the  use  of  the 
Ipswich  High  School.  He  also  gave  concerts 
at  Ipswich,  1882-4. 

Nusum,  Q.,  was,  1884,  organist  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  Cathedral,  Demerara,  British 
Guiana,  and  accompanist  to  the  Demerara 
Musical  Society.  In  1892,  G.  W.  Nusum  was 
appointed  organist  of  the  New  Cathedral, 
Demerara,  and  opened  the  new  organ  therein, 
March  22,  1893,  with  a  recital. 

Oakeley,   Sir  Herbert  Stanley,   Kt., 

composer,  organist,  and  conductor,  born  at 
Ealing,  :\Iiddlesex,  July  22,  1830.  Second 
son  of  Sir  Herbert  Oakeley,  Bart.,  and  of 
Athole  ^lurray,  niece  of  the  fourth  Duke  of 
Athole.  Educated  at  Rugby  School,  and 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  graduating  B.A.,  1853, 
and  ^I.A.,  1856.  He  had  at  an  early  age  shown 
decided  taste  and  talent  for  music,  and  at 
Oxford  studied  harmony  under  Stephen  Elvey. 
On  leaving  the  University  he  went  to  Leipzig 
and  studied  with  Plaidy,  Moscheles,  and 
Papperitz ;  then  under  Johann  Schneider, 
Dresden  ;  and  finally  with  Professor  H.  Karl 
Breidenstein,  at  Bonn.  Though  intended  for 
another  profession,   he   now   determined   to 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


301 


OAKELEY. 

devote  himself  to  music  ;  and  in  1865  became 
a  candidate  for  the  Rcid  Chair  at  Edinburgh. 
He  was  elected,  and  the  position  of  the  Pro- 
fessorship, so  much  improved  by  his  prede- 
cessor, John  Donaldson  (q.v.),  was  much 
enhanced  by  his  work.  The  annual  "  Reid 
Concert  "  became  a  three-days'  Festival,  and 
the  fine  performances  of  the  Halle  orchestra 
gave  a  great  impulse  to  the  study  and  appre- 
ciation of  orchestral  music  in  Scotland.  His 
organ  recitals,  and  the  concerts  of  the  Edin- 
burgh University  Musical  Society  helped 
forward  the  cause  of  musical  education  in  the 
district.  In  1864  he  was  elected  member  of 
a  society  called  "  Quirites,"  at  Rome,  and 
after  his  Edinburgh  appointments  many 
distinctions  were  awarded  him  :  Mus.  Doc, 
Cantuar,  1871 ;  Mus.  Doc,  Cambridge,  honoris 
causa,  1871 ;  the  same,  Oxford,  1879  ;  LL.D., 
Aberdeen,  1881;  D.C.L.,  Toronto,  1886  ;  Mus. 
Doc,  Dublin,  1887;  St.  Andrew's,  1888; 
Adelaide,  1895;  LL.D.,  Edinburgh,  1891; 
and  on  his  resignation  of  the  Chair  of  IMusic 
in  May  of  that  year,  he  was  made  Emeritus 
Professor,  1892.  He  was  also  elected  an  Hon. 
Member  of  Institutions  at  Bologna,  and  Rome. 

In  1876,  at  the  inauguration  of  the  Scottish 
National  Monument  to  the  late  Prince  Con- 
sort, the  music  was  directed  and  composed  by 
the  Professor,  who  received  the  honour  of 
knighthood  from  the  Queen,  at  Holyrood. 
He  was  appointed  composer  to  the  Queen,  in 
Scotland ;  President  of  the  Cheltenham 
Musical  Festival,  from  1887.  Besides  his 
professional  work,  he  has  lectured  and  given 
organ  performances  in  various  places ;  and 
was  for  some  years  musical  correspondent  of 
The  Griardian,  and  contributor  to  other 
journals. 

WoKKS. — Vocal :  Jubilee  Lyric,  a  short 
cantata,  Cheltenham  Festival,  1887  ;  Who  is 
this  that  Cometh  from  Edom  ?  Six  short 
anthems  ;  The  Glory  of  Lebanon,  composed 
for  800th  anniversary  of  consecration  of  Win- 
chester Cathedral,  and  performed  there,  April 
9,  1893  ;  Behold,  now  praise  the  Lord  ;  Seek 
Him  that  maketh  the  seven  stars  ;  and  other 
anthems.  Service  in  E  flat ;  Psalms  and 
Hymns  for  men's  voices ;  Six  hymns,  with 
orchestra ;  Hymn  tunes  in  Hymns  Ancient 
and  Modern,  and  other  collections ;  Bible 
Psalter ;  Prayer  Book  Psalter,  edited.  Twenty 
songs ;  Album  of  26  songs,  dedicated  to  Her 
Majesty ;  Six  songs,  op.  2 ;  Tears,  idle  tears, 
with  orchestra,  sung  by  Mile.  Titiens  at  the 
Birmingham  Festival,  1873  ;  To  Mary  ;  and 
many  other  songs.  Three  duets,  German 
words,  op.  8.  Quartets,  op.  7,  8 ;  Students' 
songs ;  Six  part-songs  for  men's  voices,  op.  17 ; 
Four  memorial  choruses;  Choral  songs,  op.  25. 
National  melodies  (Scottish),  op.  18.  Forty 
choruses,  with  orchestral  accompaniment, 
for   Edinburgh  University  ISIusical   Society, 


O'CAROLAN. 

etc.  Instrumental :  Suite  in  Olden  Style, 
Cheltenham  Festival,  1893 ;  Edinburgh  Festal 
March,  Liverpool,  1874 ;  Funeral  March, 
op.  23 ;  Jlinuet,  Chester  Festival,  1885 ; 
Pastorale,  Manchester,  1891,  all  for  orchestra. 
Sonata  in  A,  op.  20 ;  Rondo  Capriccioso ; 
Romance,  op.  21 ;  Three  romances,  pf. 
Gavotte  and  musette,  organ.  Arrangements, 
etc. 

Oakey,  Qeorge,  composer,  writer,  and 
teacher,  born  at  St.  Pancras,  London,  Octo- 
ber 14,  1841.  Self  taught  in  music.  Gained 
first  prizes  in  Society  of  Arts  Examination 
under  Hullah,  1869,  and  under  Macfarren, 
1873.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge, 
1877.  Examiner  in  harmony  and  composi- 
tion. Tonic  Sol-fa  College  ;  professor  of  the 
same.  City  of  London  College.  He  has 
composed  Psalm  100,  for  soli,  chorus  and 
orchestra.  Anthems  :  Blessed  be  the  Lord  ; 
Praise  the  Lord  of  Hosts.  Part-songs  :  The 
Daisies  peep  ;  Pack  clouds  away  ;  The  Beacon 
Light,  etc.  Hymns,  chants,  and  arrange- 
ments of  national  airs,  madrigals,  glees,  etc., 
for  mixed  and  for  equal  voices,  published  in 
various  collections.  Author  of  Construction 
Exercises  in  Harmony,  1877  ;  Text  Book  of 
Counterpoint,  1878,  eight  editions,  rewritten 
and  enlarged,  1890 ;  Text  Book  of  Harmony, 
1884,  seven  editions  ;  Text  Book  of  IMusical 
Elements,  1886,  five  editions  ;  Compendium 
of  Harmony,  1889  ;  Figured  Bass,  1891,  two 
editions  ;  and  New  Graded  Exercises  in  Har- 
mony, 1894.  All  published  by  Curwen, 
London. 

O'Cahen,  Rory  Dall.  See  Morison, 
Roderick. 

O'CaroIan,  or  Carolan,  Turlough,  com- 
poser and  harp-player,  born  at  Baile-Nusah, 
or  Newton,  West  I\Ieath,  in  1670.  He  became 
blind  when  about  16  years  old,  but  married 
and  settled  on  a  farm  at  Mosshill,  Leitrim, 
where  his  extravagant  manner  of  living 
caused  his  ruin  and  he  was  forced  to  become 
an  itinerent  harper.  He  travelled  much 
about  the  country,  and  became  widely  known 
as  a  minstrel  and  boon  companion.  He  died 
at  Alderford  House,  March  25, 1738.  He  was 
a  poet  and  composed  a  large  number  of 
popular  Irish  tunes,  such  as  "  Bumper  Squire 
Jones,"  "  Bridget  Cruise,"  "  Liquor  of  Life," 
and  "  Savourna  Deelish."  His  musical  works 
were  published  in  1747,  and  again  about  1785 
as  "  A  Favourite  Collection  of  the  so  much 
admired  old  Irish  tunes,  the  original  and 
genuine  compositions  of  Carolan,  the  cele- 
brated Irish  bard.  Set  for  the  harpsichord, 
violin  and  German  flute,"  Dublin,  John  Lee, 
n.d.  ;  but  it  is  understood  that  only  a  very 
small  number  of  his  tunes  have  been  pre- 
served or  identified.  Specimens  of  his  works 
will  be  found  in  Hardiman,  Bunting,  and 
Walker. 


302 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


O'CARROLL. 

O'CarroIl,  Patrick,  author  of  "  A  Royal 
Road  to  Pianoforte  Playing,  1888. 

O'Daly,  Qerald,  Irish  harpist  and  com- 
poser, of  last  century.  The  supposed  com- 
poser of  "  Eileen  a  Roon,"  now  adapted  to 
the  song,  "  Robin  Adair." 

Odier,  Ludovic,  author  of  "  Epistola 
Physiologica  Inauguralis  de  Elemeutariis 
MusiciE  Sensationibus,"  Edinburgh,  1770. 
Treatise  on  the  connection  between  Music 
and  Medicine. 

O'Donnely,  T.  J.,  Abbe,  author  of  "  The 
Academy  of  elementary  music,  containing  a 
lucid  exposition  of  the  theory  and  basis  of 
the  practice  from  its  primary  notions  to  those 
of  composition,"  etc.,  London,  1841  ;  Paris, 
1842. 

O' Kelly,  Joseph,  violinist  and  composer, 
"born  at  Boulogne-sur-Mer  in  1829.  He  studied 
under  Osborne,  Kalkbrenner,  etc.,  and  resided 
at  Paris  as  a  musician.  He  died  at  Paris, 
January,  1885. 

Works. — Paraguassii,  Poem  Lyrique  in  3 
parts,  1855 ;  Ruse  contre  Ruse,  operetta. 
Cantata  for  centenary  of  O'Connell,  Dublin, 
1878.  Luten  de  Galway,  opera,  1878 ;  La 
Zingarella,  opera,  1879.     Songs.     Pf.  music. 

Okeover,  John,  organist  and  composer 
of  the  17th  century.  He  was  organist  and 
vicar-choral  of  Wells  Cathedral.  In  1G33  he 
^aduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford. 

Okey,  Maggie,  i^ianist,  studied  at  the 
London  Academy  of  Music,  and  appeared  with 
success  at  the  Promenade  Concerts,  Covent 
Garden,  Augiist,  1882.  She  gave  concerts 
from  that  year,  and  has  played  at  Vienna, 
in  1883 ;  Berlin,  1887 ;  Paris,  1889 ;  in  America, 
1890-1,  etc.  She  has  also  played  at  the 
Monday  and  Saturday  Popular  Concerts  ;  the 
Crystal  Palace  ;  and  the  Philharmonic,  1891. 
In  1884  she  was  married  to  Vladimir  de  Pach- 
mann,  and  was  divorced  some  years  later. 
She  has  com]iosed  a  sonata  for  pf .  and  violin ; 
Romance  in  E,  do.  ;  Theme,  with  variations, 
pf.,  etc. 

Old,  John,  composer  and  conductor,  born 
at  Totness,  South  Devon,  May  28,  1827. 
Descended  from  an  ancient  family  that  occu- 
pied Rowton  Hall  for  more  than  four  centuries. 
He  studied  first  under  John  and  Edwin  Loder, 
1842 ;  then  at  R.A.M.  under  Bennett  and 
Goss ;  and  later  with  Thalberg  and  Molique. 
Resident  for  some  time  at  Torquay  as  teacher 
and  conductor  of  a  choral  society.  He  after- 
wards settled  at  Reading,  founding  the  Laj'- 
ston  College  of  j\Iusic.  He  composed  a  sacred 
drama,  "  The  Seventh  Seal "  ;  an  opera, 
"  Herne  the  Hunter,"  performed  in  Reading 
Town  Hall,  December  14,  1887  ;  and  an  over- 
ture, "  Tenth  of  March  "  (on  the  marriage  of 
the  Prince  of  Wales).  He  also  wrote  a  number 
of  pieces  for  pf. :  Etude  de  Concert;  Reveries; 
Impromptus,  etc.;  Part-songs;  Songs:  I  have 


O'LEARY. 

a  home  in  fairyland  ;  ]Meet  me  at  morn  ;  My 
native  vale,  etc.  He  died  at  Reading,  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1892  ;  and  at  his  request  a  copy  of 
his  opera,  Herne  the  Hunter,  and  two  other 
compositions,  were  buried  with  him. 

Oldham,  S.  Emily,  composer,  of  present 
time.  Has  given  concerts  in  London,  and  is 
the  composer  of  a  number  of  songs,  among 
which  may  be  mentioned  His  ship ;  Her 
voice  ;  Fair  is  the  dawn  ;  Guardami ;  Loyal 
and  true,  etc.     Minuet  for  pf. 

Another  Miss  E.  Oldham  is  an  Associate  of 
R.C.M.,  and  professor  of  the  pianoforte  at  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy  of  Music,  Dublin. 

Oldmixon,  Lady,  bom  George,  soprano 
vocalist,  was  born  in  1768.  She  sang  in  oppo- 
sition to  ]\Irs.  Billington  at  Dublin,  1789,  and 
appeared  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  the  Oratorio, 
and  other  Jjondon  concerts.  Biography 
unknown. 

O'Leary,  Arthur,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  at  Tralee,  County  Kerry,  Ireland,  March 
15,  1834.  He  came  of  a  musical  family,  his 
grandfather  having  been  a  teacher  of  music, 
his  father  (died,  1846),  organist  of  the  parish 
church,  Tralee,  and  his  uncle  (died,  1893,  aged 
100  or  102),  organist  of  Killarney  Cathedral. 
When  quite  a  child,  Arthur  O'Leary's  playing 
attracted  the  attention  of  IMr.  Wyndham 
Goold,  and  through  his  friendship  the  boy 
was  sent  to  the  Conservatorium,  Leipzig,  in 
1847,  and  studied  under  Plaidy,  ]\Ioscheles, 
Richter,  etc.  Returning  to  England,  he 
entered  the  R.A.M.,  1852,  and  studied  under 
Potter  and  Bennett.  Several  compositions 
from  his  pen  date  from  his  student  days.  In 
1856,  he  was  appointed  a  professor  at  the 
R.A.M. ,  and,  later,  elected  a  Fellow.  Com- 
menced concert  giving  about  1858.  He  has 
lectured  on  music,  and  contributed  to  the 
musical  press  ;  and  held  appointments  at  the 
National  Training  School  for  Music,  1876 ; 
Guildhall  School,  from  its  opening ;  and  at 
the  Crystal  Palace  School  of  Science  and  Art, 
1886,  etc.  Member  of  the  Philharmonic  So- 
ciety. Edited  Sterndale  Bennett's  Pf.  works. 
In  1860  he  married  IMiss  Rosecta  Vinning, 
noticed  below. 

Works. — Overture  and  incidental  music  to 
Longfellow's  Spanish  Student  (1854)  ;  Sym- 
phony in  C ;  Suite,  orchestra.  Concerto,  pf. 
and  orchestra.  Theme  in  C,  with  variations; 
Toccata  in  F,  performed  at  the  Monday 
Popular  Concerts,  December  14,  1885 ;  Way- 
side sketches ;  and  many  other  pieces  for  pf . 
Six  songs  :  Ask  not  why  I  love  ;  and  others. 
Mass  of  St.  John  (unison) ;  Ode  to  the  Victor, 
part-song.  Edited  Masses  by  Hummel, 
Sechter,  and  Schubert. 

Mrs.  O'Leary,  daughter  of  W.  S.  Vinning, 
of  Newton  Abbott,  Devon,  showed  remark- 
able talent  as  a  child,  singing  and  plaving  at 
concerts  when  seven.     Entered  the  R.A.M., 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


303 


OLIPHANT. 

and  won  a  King's  Scholarship,  December, 
1851,  and  again  in  1853.  Studied  under  John 
Thomas,  harp ;  W.  H.  Hohnes,  pf.  ;  and 
Steggall  and  G.  A.  Macfarreii,  composition. 
■She  is  a  Fellow  of  the  R.A.M.,  and  Associate 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  She  now  de- 
votes chiefly  to  voice  training,  and  for  some 
years  conducted  the  South  Kensington  Ladies' 
Choir.  Her  compositions  include,  I  am  the 
Angel ;  My  Song  is  Love ;  How  faithful  are 
thy  branches  ;  My  Angel  Lassie  ;  and  other 
■songs. 

Oliphant,  Thomas,  writer  and  musician, 
born  at  Condie,  Perthshire,  December  25, 
1799.  Member  of  London  Madrigal  Society, 
1830,  and  acted  as  its  hon.  secretary  for  nearly 
40  years.  President  of  the  Madrigal  Society. 
He  died  at  London,  March  9,  1873. 

Works. — A  brief  account  of  the  Madrigal 
Society. ..  .London,  1835.  Short  account  of 
Madrigals  from  their  commencement  to  the 
present  time,  London,  1836.  La  Musa  Mad- 
rigalesca,  or  a  collection  of  madrigals,  ballets, 
roundelays,  etc.,  chiefly  of  the  Elizabethan 
age  ;  with  remarks  and  annotations,  London, 
1837.  Catalogue  of  MS.  Music  in  the  British 
Mviseum,  London,  1842.  Ten  Favourite 
Madrigals,  arranged  from  the  original  part 
books,  with  an  accompaniment  for  the  pf., 
London  [1836] .  Collection  of  Glees,  Madri- 
gals, etc.  (Novello),  n.d.  Catches  and  Rounds, 
by  old  composers,  London  [1835].  Ditties  of 
the  Olden  Time,  London  [1835] .  Arrange- 
ment of  Songs,  etc.  Tallis'  Song  of  forty 
parts  ;  Responses  (edited).  Stay  one  moment, 
gentle  river,  madrigal.  Poetry  for  various 
pieces  of  vocal  music.      Swedish  part-songs 

(I860);    German   songs London,   1838-49, 

issued  in  numbers.  Six  ancient  part-songs 
for  five  voices,  London,  [1845] .     Songs. 

Olive,  Joseph,  organist  and  composer, 
who  was  organist  of  St.  Botolph's,  Aldersgate 
Street,  London,  about  the  middle  of  last 
century.  He  died  at  London,  October  8, 
1786. 

WoEKS. — All  for  Scarlet,  an  interlude,  1785 ; 
India  Hoa,  interlude  [1770] .  Six  songs  for 
a  voice  and  harpsichord.  Bacchus,  god  of 
joys  divine,  duet  [1775] .  Songs  :  Farewell, 
Fox  hunters.  Lover's  declaration,  etc. 

Another  Olive,  Edmund,  was  probably  the 
son  or  other  relative  of  the  above.  He  was 
organist  of  the  parish  church  of  Warrington, 
and  is  said  to  have  held  a  similar  office  at 
Bangor  Cathedral.  Died  at  Warrington,  No- 
vember 18,  1824.  He  compiled  "  Sixteen 
Psalm  Tunes,  adapted  for  three  voices. . .  .as 
sung  in  the  parish  church  of  Warrington," 
Warrington,  Booth  [1820] ,  2nd.  edit. 

Oliver,  Frederick,  bandmaster,  born 
about  1812.  He  was  bandmaster  of  the  20th 
Regiment  for  31  years,  and  served  in  India, 
Burmah,  and  in  the  Crimean  War  ;  was  also 


ONSLOW. 

bandmaster  in  the  Donegal  Militia,  and  the 
3rd  Battalion  of  the  60th  Rifles.  In  1863  he 
went  to  Kelso  as  bandmaster  to  the  seventh 
Duke  of  Roxburgh,  whose  band  he  brought 
to  a  high  state  of  efficiency.  He  conducted 
a  performance  before  the  Queen  on  the  occa- 
sion of  her  visit  to  Floors  Castle  in  1867.  Up 
to  his  eightieth  year  he  played  solos  on  the 
saxophone.  He  died  at  Croydon,  Surrey,  in 
February,  1892,  aged  82. 

O'Mara,  Joseph,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
Limerick,  July  16, 1866,  son  of  James  O'Mara, 
J.P.,  late  High  Sherriff  for  Limerick  City. 
Educated  at  the  Jesuit  College  there,  and 
was  trained  in  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  method  of 
singing.  For  some  time  was  manager  of  his 
father's  business,  and,  for  two  years,  sang  in 
the  choir  of  Limerick  Cathedral.  In  1889 
he  gave  up  business,  and  went  to  Milan  to 
study  singing  under  Perini,  and  Moretti.  At 
the  end  of  1890  he  returned  to  England,  and 
was  at  once  engaged  for  the  Royal  English 
Opera  House,  where  he  appeared,  February  4, 

1891,  in  the  title-part  of  "  Ivanhoe."  He 
then  took  lessons  from  Edwin  Holland.     In 

1892,  he  sang  at  the  Monday  Popular  Con- 
certs, and  has  since  appeared  at  the  principal 
London  and  provincial  concerts.  Has  been 
in  Sir  Augustus  Harris's  Grand  Opera  at 
Drury  Lane,  and  Coven b  Garden,  since  1893, 
in  a  variety  of  characters,  and  created  the 
part  of  Mike  Murphy  in  Stanford's  "  Shamus 
O'Brien,"  produced  March  2,  1896.  He  is 
now  in  the  front  rank  of  opera  singers. 

O'Neil,  Henry  John,  bandmaster  and 
cornet  player,  born,  Dublin,  March  25,  1841. 
He  studied  under  H.  Konig,  and  acted  as 
bandmaster  in  the  Navy,  1859-62.  He  settled 
in  Edinburgh,  and  became  a  member  of  the 
leading  orchestras,  and  about  1879  was 
appointed  Queen's  trumpeter.  Bandmaster 
of  the  Royal  Scots  Fusiliers,  and  of  the  3rd 
battalion  of  the  Volunteer  Highland  Light 
Infantry. 

O'Neill,  Arthur,  Irish  harper  and  col- 
lector, born  in  1726  ;  died  near  Armagh,  in 
October,  1816.  He  was  possessed  of  great 
stores  of  traditional  melodies,  etc.,  and  was 
referred  to  by  Bunting  when  preparing  the 
first  portion  of  his  Irish  Melodies. 

Onslow,  George,  composer,  born  at  Cler- 
mont-Ferrand, France,  July  27, 1784.  Grand- 
son of  the  first  Lord  Onslow.  He  studied 
under  Hiillmandel,  Dussek,  Cramer,  and 
Reicha.  Resided  for  a  time  in  Vienna,  1802, 
but  returned  to  Paris,  and  received  the  Cross 
of  the  Legion  of  Honour.  Member  of  the 
Institut  (in  succession  to  Cherubini),  1842. 
He  died  at  Clermont-Ferrand,  October  3, 
1853. 

Works. — L'Alcade  de  la  Vega,  opera,  1824  ; 
Le  Colporteur,  opera,  1827  ;  Le  Due  de  Guise, 
opera,  1837.     Symphonies  for  orchestra,  op. 


304 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ORCHARD. 

41,  42.  Quintets  for  2  violins,  viola,  and  2 
'cellos,  or  'cello  and  bass,  opp.  17,  18,  19,  23, 
24,  25,  32,  33,  34,  35,  37,  38,  39,  40,  43,  44,  45, 
51,  57,  58,  59,  Gl,  67,  C8,  72,  73,  74,  78,  80,  82. 
Quartets  for  strings,  opp.  4,  8,  9,  21,  3G,  44, 
46,  47,  48,  49,  50,  52,  53,  54,  55,  56,  62,  63,  64, 
65,  66,  69.  Tiios  for  pf.,  violin,  and  'cello, 
opp.  3,  14,  20,  24,  26,  27.  Duets  for  pf.  and 
violin,  op.  11,  15,  21,  29,  31.  Sextet,  op.  30. 
Sonata  for  pf.  and  'cello,  op.  16.  Sonatas  for 
pf.  solo,  op.  1,  2.  Sonatas  for  pf.  duet,  op. 
7,  22. 

Orchard,  W.  Arundel,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, of  present  time.  Went  to  Australia, 
1892  (?),  and  then  to  Tasmania,  where  he  was 
appointed  organist  and  choirmaster  of  St. 
David's  Cathedral,  Hohart,  1897.  He  has 
written  an  oratorio,  "  Easter  Morn,"  produced 
at  Bloomsbury  Hall,  April  19,  1892 ;  also  an 
Andante  and  Scherzo  for  pf.  and  string 
orchestra,  1891,  etc. 

Orger,  Caroline,  pianist  and  composer, 
daughter  of  ]\Iary  Ann  Orger,  actress  and 
dramatic  author  (London,  1788,  Brighton, 
1849).  Born  in  Loudon,  1818.  Appeared  at 
various  concerts  from  the  year  1840.  Gave 
her  first  concert  at  the  Hanover  Square 
Rooms,  May  3, 1843,  when  she  introducad  her 
Concerto  for  the  pf.  ;  and  produced  a  Pf. 
Trio  the  next  year  at  a  concert  given  in  con- 
junction with  Miss  Dolby.  The  Society  of 
British  Musicians  brought  forward  her  Pf. 
Quartet,  in  1844 ;  in  E  flat,  1847 ;  and  a 
Sonata  in  G,  for  'cello  and  pf.,  1646.  In  1846, 
she  married  Alexander  R.  Reinagle  (q.v.),  and 
under  that  name  afterwards  published  a 
pamphlet,  "  A  few  words  on  Pianoforte  play- 
ing, with  rules  for  fingering  passages  of 
frequent  occurrence  [1855] ,  Novello.  She 
published  Tarantellas  and  other  works  for 
the  Pf. ;  Sonata  for  the  Pf.,  op.  6.  Three 
songs  by  R.  Browning  (1868),  etc.  Died  at 
Tiverton,  Devon,  March  11,  1892,  aged  74. 

Orridge,  Ellen  Amelia,  contralto  vocal- 
ist, born  at  London,  August  14,  1856.  She 
studied  at  the  R.A.M.  under  Garcia,  and 
gained  the  Thomas  (1877),  Nilsson  (1878),  and 
Parepa-Rosa  (1878),  prizes.  She  was  well- 
known  at  most  of  the  London  and  provincial 
concerts,  and  was  a  special  favourite  in  ora- 
torio music.  She  died  at  Guernsev,  Septem- 
ber 16,  1883. 

Osborne,  George  Alexander,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  at  Limerick  (where  his 
father  was  lay-vicar  and  organist  of  the 
Cathedral).  September  24,  1806.  He  was  in- 
tended for  the  church,  but  having  a  strong 
bias  toward  music,  he  taught  himself  piano- 
forte playing,  assisted  his  father  at  the  organ, 
and  finally  decided  upon  music  as  a  profession. 
In  1825  he  went  to  Brussels,  finding  a  home 
with  the  Prince  de  Chimay.  There  he  studied 
and  gave  concerts,  and  was  musical  instructor 


OSTLERE. 

to  the  Prince  of  Orange  (the  late  King  of 
Holland).  After  the  revolution  of  1830  he 
went  to  Paris  (Fetis  says  in  1826),  where  he 
studied  under  Pixis,  Fetis,  and  Kalkbrenner. 
He  remained  there  until  1843,  occupying  a 
prominent  position  as  performer,  teacher,  and 
composer.  In  1843  he  is  .said  to  have  settled 
in  London,  but  he  kept  up  his  house  in  Paris 
to  the  end  of  1847.  He  was  in  London  in 
1844,  1845,  and  also  plaj'ed  at  a  concert  in 
1848,  in  which  year  he  seems  to  have  made 
London  his  home.  From  1849  his  concerts 
were  important  features  of  the  musical  season. 

He  was  a  Member,  and  sometime  Director, 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society ;  also  Director, 
R.A.M. ,  and  associated  with  other  institutions. 
He  retired  from  active  life  about  1880,  but 
played  occasionally  in  performances  of  his 
chamber  music  uj)  to  November,  1889.  Per- 
sonally acquainted  with  the  greatest  musicians 
of  the  century,  he  has  j)enned  his  memories 
of  them  in  papers  read  before  the  Musical 
Association,  1878-83.  He  died  at  London, 
November  16,  1893. 

His  compositions  comprise  two  operas ; 
several  vocal  scenas ;  Three  overtures  :  The 
Forest  Maiden,  performed  at  Alexandra  Pal- 
ace, February,  1876,  etc. ;  and  Marches  for 
orchestra.  A  Septet,  Sestet  (performed,  Lon- 
don, 1849),  and  Quintet  for  pf.,  wind,  and 
double  bass;  Three  Trios  in  A  (1844),  G,  and 
E  (1845),  for  pf.  and  strings ;  Sonata,  pf.  and 
'cello  ;  pieces  for  violin,  etc.  A  large  number 
of  pieces  for  pf . :  La  Pluie  des  Perles ;  Ro- 
mance sans  paroles  ;  La  Tenerezza  ;  Valses, 
etc.,  many  of  them  exceedingly  popular. 
With  De  Beriot  he  wrote  a  number  of  duets 
for  violin  and  pf. 

Osman,  Fanny  Wilson,  soprano  vocalist, 
born  at  Reading.  Studied  at  the  R.A.M., 
and  later  under  Vannuccini.  She  has  sung 
in  oratorio  and  ballad  concerts  in  London  and 
the  provinces  with  success,  and  is  favourably 
known  as  an  accomplished  artist. 

Osmond,  Harold  Bartrum,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Southampton,  January 
19,  1869.  Studied  at  the  Guildhall  School  of 
Music  under  D.  Beardwell,  Henry  Gadsby, 
and  other  Masters.  F.R.C.O.,  1888.  He  was 
appointed  organist  of  St.  Peter's,  Bethnal 
Green,  1884  ;  St.  Barnabas,  Homerton,  1886  ; 
and,  since  1889,  has  been  organist  and  director 
of  the  choir  of  St.  Peter's,  Thanet.  He  is 
conductor  of  the  Broadstairs  and  St.  Peter's 
Choral  Societies,  and  of  the  St.  Peter's  Church. 
Oratorio  Society.  His  chief  compositions  are 
a  Sacred  Cantata,  The  -\scension  (1886) ; 
Psalm  23,  for  baritone  solo,  chorus,  and 
orchestra  (1886) ;  Communion  Service  in  E  ; 
Anthems,  etc.  Symphonic  Suite  for  small 
orchestra,  Margate  Philharmonic,  1896,  etc. 

Ostlere,  May,  composer  of  dance  music 
of  present  time.     Her  pieces  include  waltzes  : 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


305 


OSWALD. 

Hypatia,  Clytie,  Ariadne,  Idalia,  Isis,  Only 
once  more,  Spirit  of  the  stars,  etc.  Polkas : 
Genesta,  Thistledown,  Dutch  Doll,  etc. 
Marches  and  songs. 

Oswald,  Arthur  Louis,  baritone  vocalist, 
born  at  Brighton,  July  14,  1858.  At  first 
studied  as  a  pianist,  at  Paris,  1871-2,  and  at 
Mayence,  with  Bej'schlag,  1873.  Entered 
R.A.M.,  1873,  studied  with  Manuel  Garcia 
until  1877,  when  he  went  to  Milan  for  two 
years.  Made  his  debut  in  opera  at  Varese, 
appearing  in  Figaro,  II  Barbiere,  Faust,  etc. 
In  1879  returned  to  Loudon.  Sang  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts,  Crystal  Palace,  and 
Philharmonic  Concerts  in  1880,  achieving  a 
high  position  at  once.  He  has  also  sung  in 
oratorio.  In  188G  he  was  appointed  a  professor 
of  singing  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  elected  a  Fellow 
in  1891.  He  was  appointed  a  professor  of  the 
Guildhall  School  of  :Music  in  1896. 

Oswald,  James,  musician  and  editor, 
born  in  Scotland  about  1710-1711.  He  was  a 
dancing-master  in  Dunfermline,  and  after- 
wards a  teacher  of  music  and  dancing  in 
Edinburgh.  He  settled  in  London  in  1742, 
and  was  engaged  in  business  as  a  music-seller 
at  the  Pavement,  St.  Martin's  Churchyard. 
He  became  chamber  composer  to  George  III. 
"in  1761.  He  died  at  Knebworth,  Herts.,  in 
1769,  aged  58. 

Works. — A  Curious  Collection  of  Scots 
tunes  for  a  violin,  bass  viol,  or  German  flute, 
with  a  thorough-bass  for  the  harpsichord, 
Edinburgh,  n.d.  [c.  1740].  Collection  of 
curious  Scots  tunes  for  a  violin,  German  flute, 
or  harpsichord,  London,  n.d.  [c.  1742] .  The 
Caledonian  Pocket  Companion,  containing  a 
favourite  collection  of  Scotch  tunes,  with 
variations  for  the  German  flute  or  violin, 
London  [c.  1742-1759] ,  issued  in  12  books, 
forming  2  volumes  of  6  books  each.  Six 
pastoral  solos  for  a  violin  and  violoncello, 
with  a  thorough-bass  for  the  organ  or  harpsi- 
chord, London,  n.d.  Six  Songs  compos'd  in 
the  Scotch  taste,  for  a  person  of  distinction. 
Humbly  inscribed  to  Her  Grace  the  Dutchess 
of  Hamilton,  London,  n.d.  [1750] .  Airs  for 
the  Spring,  Summer,  Autumn,  and  Winter, 
London,  n.d.,  issued  in  4  parts.  Collection  of 
Scots  tunes,  with  variations. ..  London,  n.d. 
Ten  Favourite  Songs,  sung  by  Miss  Formantel, 
at  Ranelagh,  London,  n.d.  Fifty-five  marches 
for  the  Militia . . .  London,  n.d.  Collection  of 
the  best  old  Scotch  and  English  songs  set  for 
the  voice,  with  accompaniments  and  thorough 
bass  for  the  harpsichord,  London,  n.d. 

Ould,  Charles,  violoncellist,  born  at 
Romford,  Essex,  July  19,  1835.  Has  played 
in  the  principal  orchestras  in  London  and  the 
provincial  festivals,  and  appeared  as  soloist  in 
Birmingham,  at  the  Harrison  and  Stockley 
concerts,  etc.  He  has  played  at  the  Monday 
Popular  Concerts,  and  is  a  member  of   the 


OUSELEY. 

Gompertz  string  quartet,  giving  concerts  in 
the  Queen's  Hall,  London,  and  in  the  provin- 
ces. Member  of  Her  Majesty's  Private  Band. 
His  son,  Charles  Hopkins  Ould,  is  an 
excellent  pianist,  and  has  acted  as  accompanist 
at  the  ^Monday  Popular  Concerts  (1885),  etc.  ; 
and  his  daughter,  Kate  Ould,  is  a  violoncellist 
who  has  appeared  with  success  at  various 
chamber  concerts  in  London. 

Ould,  Edwin,  contrabassist,  a  member 
of  the  Philharmonic  and  other  orchestras,  is 
the  comi^oser  of  a  concert  overture,  produced, 
1885  ;  "  L'Esperance,"  for  violin  and  orches- 
tra, etc.  His  son,  Percy  Ould,  violinist,  was 
appointed  to  St.  Andrew's  College,  Grahams- 
Town,  South  Africa,  in  1893,  and  is  doing  good 
work  in  Cape  Colony. 

Ouseley,  Rev.  Sir  Frederick  Arthur 
I  Qore,  Bart.,  composer,  organist  and  writer, 
was  born  at  London,  August  12, 1825.  Son  of 
Sir  William  Ouseley,  Bart.,  whom  he  succeeded 
in  1844.  He  was  educated  at  Oxford,  and 
graduated  B.A.,  1846;  M.A.,  1849.  Ordained 
1849.  Curate  of  St.  Paul's,  Kuightsbridge, 
1849-50.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1850.  Mus.  Doc, 
Oxon.,  1854.  Professor  of  Music  in  Oxford 
University  (in  succession  to  Sir  Henry  Bishop), 
1855.  Precentor  of  Hereford  Cathedral,  1855. 
M.A.  and  Mus.  Doc,  Durham,  1856.  Warden 
of  St.  Michael's  College,  and  Vicar  of  St. 
Michael,  Tenbury,  1856.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab., 
1862.  Hon.  LL.D.,  Cantab.,  1883.  Hon. 
LL.D.,  Edinburgh,  1885.  He  died  at  Here- 
ford, April  6,  1889. 

Works. — The  Martyrdom  of  St.  Polycarp, 
oratorio,  1855 ;  Hagar,  oratorio,  Hereford 
Festival,  1873.  Church  Services  in  D,  B  minor, 
A,  G,  E,  E  fiat,  and  D,  etc.  Anthems  :  And 
there  was  a  pure  river  ;  Awake,  thou  that 
sleepest ;  Behold  now  praise  the  Lord ;  Christ 
is  risen  from  the  dead ;  Great  is  the  Lord ; 
I  will  give  thanks  ;  I  waited  patieiitly  for  the 
Lord  ;  I  will  magnify  Thee,  0  Lord ;  It  came 
even  to  pass ;  In  God's  Word  will  I  rejoice  ; 
Love  not  the  world  ;  O  love  the  Lord ;  O  sing 
unto  God ;  Sing  unto  the  Lord  ;  The  Lord  is 
King ;  The  Lord  is  my  Shepherd  ;  Thus  saith 
the  Lord ;  Unto  Thee  will  I  cry ;  Why  standest 
Thou  so  far  off  ?  etc.  The  Psalter,  arranged 
for  chanting,  with  appropriate  English  chants 
(with  E.  G.  Monk),  London,  various  editions 
and  dates.  Anglican  Psalter  Chants,  London 
[1872] .  Eighteen  Preludes  and  Fugues  for 
organ  ;  Sonata  for  the  opening  of  the  new 
organ  in  the  Sheldonian  Theatre,  Oxford ; 
Three  Andantes  for  organ ;  Preludes  and 
Fugues,  various.  Cathedral  Services  by 
English  masters  [Farrant,  Creyghton,  Kemp- 
ton,  Child,  Kelway,  Aldrich,  etc.],  London, 
n.d.  [1853] ;  Collection  of  .\nthenis  for  certain 
seasons  and  festivals  (edited),  2  vols.,  1861-66; 
Glees  ;  Si.\  songs,  etc.  Treatise  on  Harmony, 
Oxford,  1868;  2nd  edition,  1876;  3rd  edition, 


306 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


OVEREND. 

1883.  Treatise  on  Counterpoint,  Canon,  and 
Fugue,  based  upon  that  of  Cherubini,  Oxford, 
1868  ;  2nd  edition,  1884.  Treatise  on  Musical 
Form  and  General  Composition,  Oxford,  1875; 
2nd  edition,  1886.  Naumann's  History  of 
^Jlusic,  trans,  by  F.  Praeger  (edited).  Sermons, 
etc.  See  ^Memorials  of  Sir  Frederick  A.  G. 
Ouseley,  Bart.,  by  Francis  T.  Havergal,  1889. 
By  his  will  he  left  his  musical  library  to  St. 
Michael's  College,  Tenbury.  The  value  of  his 
personal  estate  exceeded  £54,000. 

Overend,  Marmaduke,  organist  and 
writer,  who  was  born  in  the  first  half  of  the 
18th  century.  He  studied  under  Boyce,  and 
was  organist  of  Isleworth,  ]\Iiddlesex.  He 
died  in  1790. 

Works. — A  brief  account  of,  and  an  intro- 
duction to,  eight  lectures  on  the  science  of 
music,  London,  1781  ;  Twelve  sonatas  for  two 
violins  and  violoncello,  1779  ;  The  Epithala- 
mium  made  on  the  marriage  of  King  George 
III.  and  Queen  Charlotte  [London,  1761] . 
Vocal  music,  etc. 

Owen,  Alexander,  bandmaster  and  cor- 
net player,  born  in  1851.  He  has  been 
connected  for  many  years  with  brass  bands 
in  Lancashire,  and  has  won  many  prizes  in 
contests.  He  was  conductor  of  the  Staly- 
bridge  Band  ;  solo  cornet  player  in  the 
Meltham  Mills  Band,  1875  ;  condiactor  of  the 
Boarhurst  Band,  1877-84  ;  of  the  Black  Dvke, 
1879-88 ;  and  of  the  Besses  o'  th'  Barn  Band, 
1884  to  the  present  time.  With  these  fine 
bands  he  has  given  concerts  in  manj'  places, 
and  has  arranged  much  music  for  their  use. 

Owen,  David,  sumamed  Davydd  y 
Garkg  -  WEX,  harpist  and  composer,  who 
flourished  in  Wales  about  1722—1751.  He  is 
said  to  have  composed  the  "  Rising  of  the 
Lark,"  and  other  Welsh  airs. 

Owen,  David,  bandmaster  and  conductor. 
He  was  bandmaster  of  a  Highland  regiment 
for  some  time,  and  in  1835  succeeded  his 
father  as  bandmaster  of  the  2nd  Dragoon 
Guards  (Scots  Gre3's).     He  died  in  1867. 

His  younger  brother,  J.\mes  Arthur  Owen, 
was  a  pianist  and  clarionet  player.  He  was 
horn  in  1829,  and  died  at  Brighton,  November 
6,  1881.  Composer  of  a  Romance  for  cornet 
and  pf.  (1855),  and  a  large  number  of  polkas, 
valscs,  marches,  galops,  etc.,  for  pf.  and 
orchestra.     He  also  composed  sonie  songs. 

Owen,  John,  Ow.mx  Alaw,  composer, 
teacher,  and  baritone  singer,  born  at  Chester 
of  Welsh  parents,  November  14,  1821.  He 
was  brought  up  to  trade  till  1844,  when  he 
adopted  the  musical  profession.  Organist  of 
various  churches  in  Chester,  and  a  prominent 
advocate  of  musical  education.  He  died  at 
Chester,  January  30,  1883. 

Works. — Jeremiah,  oratorio,  1878.  Habak- 
kuk's  Prayer,  prize  cantata  (with  Ambrose 
Lloyd),  1851  ;  Prince  of  Wales,  cantata,  Car- 


PAGE. 

narvon  Eisteddfod,  1862.  This  was  the  first 
Welsh  secular  cantata.  Gwalia's  Holiday, 
cantata,  Chester,  1866.  Anthems,  glees, 
songs,  etc.  He  also  edited  Gems  of  Welsh 
melody,  a  selection  of  popular  Welsh  songs, 
Ruthin,  1860.  The  Welsh  Harp,  airs  arranged 
for  four  voices ;  a  collection  of  tunes  for 
Sunday  schools  ;  a  collection  of  English 
airs,  etc. 

His  son,  William  Henry,  was  born  at 
Chester  in  1845.  He  was  an  organist  in 
Dublin,  and  was  killed  in  a  railway  accident 
at  Abergele,  on  August  20,  1868,  when  re- 
turning to  his  post.  Some  of  his  anthems 
were  published  in  Welsh  \>y  his  father,  and  a 
^Magnificat  by  him  is  in  Novello's  list. 

Packer,  Charles  Sandys,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  1810  ;  died  at  Reading  in 
September,  1883.  Student,  Associate,  and 
Hon.  ]Member,  R.A.M.  In  1889  he  was  tried 
and  condemned  for  forgery.  While  a  student 
he  wrote  an  Italian  sacred  drama,  "  La  ]\Iorte 
d'Abele,"  and  some  vocal  sccnas.  He  was  a 
composer  of  much  ability,  and  his  lament- 
able fall  put  an  end  to  a  career  of  more  than 
ordinary  promise. 

Packwood,  Charles,  musician,  composed 
"  Original  Sacred  ]\Iusic,  consisting  of  psalm 
and  hymn  tunes,  etc,"  London,  1845. 

Paddon,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Exeter  about  1768.  Educated 
in  the  Cathedral  there,  and  was  organist  of 
the  Cathedral  from  1803.  Died  at  Exeter, 
June  14,  1835.  He  composed  some  sacred 
music. 

John  Paddon,  probably  the  son  of  the 
foregoing,  composed  "  Sacred  Music,  used  at 
Quebec  Chapel,"  London  [1810]  ;  Ballads, 
dance  music,  etc.  Author  of  "  System  of 
Musical  Education,"  London,  1818. 

Page,  Arthur  James,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Ipswich,  March  3,  1846. 
Entered  Norwich  Cathedral  as  a  chorister  at 
the  age  of  seven,  and  when  fourteen  was 
articled  for  seven  years  to  Dr.  Buck.  He 
was  taught  harmony  and  counterpoint  by 
Dr.  Bunnett.  At  the  end  of  his  time  he  was 
offered  a  partnership  by  Dr.  Buck.  This  he 
did  not  accept,  but  obtained  the  appointment 
of  organist  and  choirmaster  at  St.  Mary's, 
Nottingham,  in  1867,  where  he  still  holds 
office.  He  started  and  maintains  a  surpliced 
choir  of  some  80  voices  at  that  church'^ 
F.C.O.,  1875.  Sometime  music  master  at 
Trent  College.  An  active  worker  from  the 
early  days  of  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians,  he  has  been  Hon.  Gen.  Treasurer 
since  1885.  At  the  Cardiff  Conference,  1897, 
he  was  presented  with  a  testimonial.  Has 
contributed  to  the  musical  press,  and  is  the 
compo.ser  of  the  following  works : — Cantatas 
and  operettas  for  treble  voices :  Red  Riding 


Br.lTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


307 


PAGE. 

Hood  ;  Meadowsweet ;  Nymphs  and  Goblins  ; 
Sea  King's  Daughter  ;  Snow  Queen  ;  Spirit 
of  the  Year ;  Amabel ;  The  Three  Bears. 
Anthems  and  Services.  Three-part,  and  two- 
part  songs ;  Album  of  six  songs,  etc.  100 
original  rounds,  composed  and  collected,  For- 
syth. Pieces  for  organ  or  harmonium,  four 
hooks  ;  organ  pieces,  %-arious.  Spring  Song, 
Berceuse,  etc.,  for  pf.  Madrigal,  I  dare  not 
ask,  performed  by  Nottingham  Philharmonic 
Society,  1891,  etc.  His  son,  Arthur  Ber- 
nard Page,  is  a  music  teacher  in  Notting- 
ham, and  a  lyric  author  of  ability,  having 
supplied  the  books  for  most  of  the  cantatas 
named  above. 

Page,  Edward  Osmund,  organist  and 
•composer,  who  resided  in  Manchester  as  an 
organist  and  teacher.  He  died  December  23, 
1883.  Composer  of  a  ilass  and  other  vocal 
music. 

Page,  John,  editor  and  tenor  singer,  was 
horn  about  the  middle  of  the  18th  century. 
Lay  -  clerk,  St.  George's,  Windsor,  1790. 
Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal.  Vicar-choral, 
St.  Paul's,  1801.  He  died  at  London,  August, 
1812. 

Works. — Harmouia  Sacra  :  a  collection  of 
anthems  in  score,  selected  for  cathedral  aud 
"  parochial  churches  from  the  most  eminent 
masters  of  the  16th,  17th,  and  18th  centuries, 
London,  3  vols.,  1800;  2nd  edit.,  by  E.  F. 
Rimbault.  Festive  Harmony :  a  collection 
of  the  most  favourite  madrigals,  glees,  and 
elegies,  selected  from  the  works  of  the  most 
■eminent  composers,  London,  4  vols.,  1804. 
Collection  of  Hymns,  London,  1804.  Divine 
Harmony. ..  .by  P.  Henley,  to  which  are 
added  four  psalm  tunes,  by  T.  Sharp,  Lon- 
don, 1798.  Burial  Service,  Evening  Ser\ice, 
Anthems,  etc.,  perfoi'med  at  the  Funeral  of 
Lord  Nelson,  January  9,  1806.  Four  anthems 
(festival),  etc.  Anthems  and  Psalms,  as  per- 
formed at  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  on  the  day  of 
the  Anniversarj^  fleeting  of  the  Charity 
Children,  London  [1785] . 

Page,  William,  musician,  issued  "  The 
Golden  Lyre,  containing  130  original  psalm 
and  hymn  tunes. ..."  London  [1856] . 

Paige,  Kate,  authoress  of  "  Exercises  on 
General  Elementary  Music."  Part  I.,  1880 ; 
Part  II.,  1881,  London.  Daily  Exercises  for 
the  Pf.  [1883] . 

Paine,  Robert  Parker,  composer,  born 
at  Sandgate,  Kent,  November  15,  1823. 
Musical  from  childhood,  he  had  to  pursue  his 
studies  under  difficulties,  aud  is  practically 
self  taught  in  composition.  His  friend,  C. 
H.  Purday  (q.v.),  then  of  Sandgate,  was  one 
of  the  first  to  encourage  his  talent,  and  Paine 
contributed  to  his  collection  of  100  rounds. 
When  he  went  to  Windsor  he  was  encouraged 
in  his  work  by  Sir  George  Elvey.  His  prin- 
cipal   compositions    are    a    cantata,     "  The 


PALMER. 

Prodigal  Son,"  performed  at  Eton,  January, 
1884  ;  a  Te  Deum,  brought  out  at  the  saxne 
time  ;  and  a  setting  of  Psalm  93,  for  bass 
solo,  chorus  and  orchestra,  produced  at 
Windsor,  May  23,  1887.  He  has  also  com- 
posed. When  the  soft  light,  The  wind  and 
the  waves.  The  Fisherman,  and  other  songs ; 
and  has  in  ]MS.  anthems,  hymn-tunes,  chants, 
songs,  etc. 

Palmer,  Edward  Davidson,  organist 
and  writer.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford, 
1878.  Organist  of  Upper  Holloway  Baptist 
Chapel,  from  1885 ;  professor  of  harmony, 
counterpoint  and  solo  singing.  Metropolitan 
College  of  ^lusic.  He  has  composed  a  setting 
of  Psalm  146,  for  soli,  chorus  and  orchestra ; 
aud  published  some  pieces  for  organ,  and 
arrangements  for  violin  and  pf.  Author  of 
"  A  ^lanual  of  Voice  Training,"  London,  Jos. 
Williams,  1891 ;  and  contributor  of  papers  to 
the  Nineteenth  Century  magazine,  and  the 
musical  press. 

Palmer,  Isabella  Perkins.  See  sub. 
DiBDiN,  Henry  E. 

Palmer,  James,  musician  and  editor, 
born  at  Southwold,  Suffolk,  December  7, 
1796.  He  was  a  teacher  of  music  in  Edin- 
burgh, and  was  precentor  in  Broughton  Place 
United  Presbyterian  Church,  from  1830  till 
1851.  He  died  at  Edinburgh  on  July  23, 
1861.  Compiler  of  "  Sacred  Harmony,  original 
and  selected,  in  four  vocal  parts,  suited  to 
the  psalms,  paraphrases,  aud  hymns  used  in 
all  the  congregations  in  Scotland,"  Edin- 
burgh, n.d.  "  Christian  Harmony,  a  collec- 
tion of  sacred  music,  adapted  to  the  various 
metres  in  general  use...."  Edinburgh,  n.d., 
issued  in  parts.  "  The  Sacred  Minstrel,  a 
collection  of  original  church  tunes  and  an- 
thems, containing  also  several  celebrated 
pieces  by  eminent  composers,"  Edinburgh, 
n.d.  "  Collection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes 
used  at  the  Relief  Church,  Broughton  Street, 
Edinburgh,  1828." 

Palmer,  Lucas  Shelton,  writer  and 
organist,  author  of  "  Fir.st  Studies  in  Sight- 
Singing,  for  the  use  of  schools,  choirs,  and 
choral  societies,"  London,  Novello  [1875]. 
"  A  Short  Catechism  on  Singing,"  London. 
Part-songs,  Sun.set ;  The  white  rose  sighed  ; 
Phyllis. 

Palmer,  Percy.  See  s«6.  Marriott, 
Annie. 

Palmer,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1879.  Organist 
of  All  Saints',  Londonderry,  1873 ;  parish 
church,  Alton,  Hants,  1876  ;  Omagh,  County 
Tyrone,  1877  ;  and  St.  Matthew's,  Ipswich, 
from  1880.  Conductor  of  Felixstowe  Choral 
Society.  Composer  of  Psalm  108,  for  soli, 
chorus  and  orchestra  ;  Evening  Service  in  F  ; 
0  sing  unto  the  Lord,  anthem ;  part-songs, 
songs,  pf.  pieces,  etc. 


308 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY, 


PALTONI. 

Paltoni=Corri.     See  sjib.  Gorki,  Faxxy. 

Panchari  Banerjea,  author  of  a  "History 
of  Hindu  Music,"  a  lecture  delivered  at  the 
Hooghly  Institute,  Bho\%'anipore,  1880.  It 
contains  a  notice  of  many  native  musicians 
of  Southern  India,  and  valuable  information 
concerning  the  musical  systems  of  that 
country. 

Parepa=Rosa,  Euphrosyne  Parepa  de 
Boyesku,  soprano  vocalist,  born  at  Edin- 
burgh, May  7,  1836.  Daughter  of  a  native  of 
Wallachia.  Educated  by  her  mother,  Eliza- 
beth Seguin.  Debut  at  Malta,  1852.  Sang  at 
Naples,  Genoa,  Rome,  Florence,  Madrid, 
Lisbon,  etc.  Appeared  in  London,  May,  1857. 
Married  Captain  de  Wolfe  Carvell.  Sang  at 
Handel  Festival,  London,  1862-65.  Married 
Carl  Rosa  (after  death  of  her  first  husband, 
1865),  1867.  Visited  America,  1867-1871. 
Re-visited  America,  autumn  of  1871.  She 
died  at  London,  January  21,  1874.  She 
appeared  in  operas  by  Bellini,  ^lellon,  ]Mac- 
farren,  Balfe,  Jleyerbeer,  Auber,  and  Mozart, 
and  did  much  to  establish  the  Carl  Rosa 
Opera  Company. 

Parish=Alvars,  Elias,  harpist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Teigumouth,  February  28, 1810. 
Jewish  by  parentage.  He  studied  under  Dizi, 
Labarre,  and  Bochsa.  Played  in  Germany, 
18-31 ;  Italv,  1834.  Appeared  in  London, 
1836-7.  Travelled  in  the  East,  1838-42. 
Appeared  in  Germany  and  Italy  again,  1842-44. 
Settled  in  Vienna,  1847.  Chamber  harpist  to 
Emperor.  He  died  at  Vienna,  January  25, 
184'J. 

Works. — Voyage  d'uu  Harpiste  en  Orient, 
Recueils  d'  airs  et  de  melodies  populaires  en 
Turquie  et  dans  I'Asie  Mineure,  Harp  solo, 
op.  62 ;  Concerto  for  harp  and  orchestra,  in 
G  minor,  op.  81 ;  Concerto  for  2  harps  and 
orchestra,  ;  Concerto  for  harp  and  orch- 
estra in  E  flat,  op.  98 ;  March  for  harp, 
op.  67  ;  Fantasias,  transcriptions,  romances, 
and  melodies,  for  harp  and  orchestra,  and 
harp  and  pf.,  etc. 

Park,  Rev.  John,  D.D.,  poet,  composer, 
and  clergyman,  bom  at  Greenock  in  1804. 
Educated  at  Greenock  and  Paisley,  and  at 
Glasgow  and  Aberdeen  Universities,  and  was 
licensed  to  preach.  Assistant  to  Dr.  Steele, 
West  Church,  Greenock,  and  afterwards  to 
Dr.  Grigor  of  Bonhill.  Minister  at  Liverpool. 
Minister  at  Glencairn,  in  Dumfriesshire,  and 
afterwards  of  Collegiate  Parish  Church  of  St. 
Andrews,  first  charge.  He  died  at  St.  An- 
drews, April  8,  1865.  His  compositions  were 
issued  as  "  Songs  composed  and,  in  part, 
written  by  the  late  Rev.  John  Park,  D.D.,  St. 
Andrews,  with  introductorj'  notice  by  Prin- 
cipal Shairp,"  Leeds,  1876,  with  ]3ortrait. 

Parke,  John,  oboe  player  and  composer, 
■was  born  in  1745.  He  studied  under  Simpson 
and  Baumgarten.     Oboist  at  the  opera,  1768. 


PARKER. 

Concerto  player  at  Vauxhall,  1771.  Principal 
oboist  at  Drury  Lane,  1771.  ^Member  of 
King's  Private  Band.  Chamber  ^lusiciau  to 
Prince  of  Wales,  1783.  Principal  oboe  at  the 
Concerts  of  Ancient  Music,  etc.  He  died  at 
London,  August  2.  1S29. 

Parke,  Maria  Hester,  Beardmore,  pian- 
ist, composer,  and  singer,  born  in  1775. 
Daughter  of  John  Parke.  She  studied  under 
her  father,  and  made  her  debut  as  a  vocalist 
at  Gloucester  Festival  in  1790.  Sang  after- 
wards at  London,  and  provincial  concerts. 
Married  ^Ir.  Beardmore.  She  died  on  August 
15,  1822. 

Works. — Three  grand  Sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  1 ; 
Two  do.,  op.  2;  Two  Sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  4; 
Sonata  for  pf. ,  op.  7.  Concerto  for  pf.  or 
harpsichord,  op.  6  [1800] .  Two  Sonatas  for 
pf.  and  violin,  op.  13.  Set  of  Glees,  London 
[1790] .     Songs,  etc. 

Parke,  William  Thomas,  writer,  oboe 
player,  and  composer,  born  at  London  in  1762. 
He  studied  iinder  Dance,  Baumgarten,  and 
his  brother,  John.  Chorister  at  Drury  Lane 
Theatre,  1775.  Oboist  at  VauxhaU,  1776. 
Principal  oboist  at  Covent  Garden,  1783. 
Employed  at  principal  concerts,  Vauxhall, 
etc.,  as  oboist,  after  1800.  He  died  at  London, 
August  26,  1847. 

Works. — Overtures  to  "  Netley  Abbev," 
1794  ;  "  Lock  and  Key,"  1796.  Concertos  for 
oboe.  Three  duetts  for  two  German  flutes 
[1793] ;  Second  set,  op.  8  [1794] .  Tutor  for 
the  hautboy  :  being  a  familiar  introduction  to 
the  art  of  playing  this  instrument.  With 
sixteen  duets  for  two  hautboys,  n.d.  Songs  : 
Blue  bonnets ;  Cupid  is  a  wanton  boy ;  Donald 
Macleod ;  Lad  of  the  moor ;  Maid  of  the 
village;  Merry  tambourine.  He  also  adapted 
Dalayrac's  "Nina"  for  the  English  stage, 
^lusical  Memoirs :  comprising  an  account  of 
the  general  state  of  !Music  in  England  from 
the  first  Commemoration  of  Handel  in  1784 
to  the  year  1830,  interspersed  with  numerous 
anecdotes,  musical,  histrionic,  etc.,  London, 
2  vols.,  18.30. 

Parke  is  now  best  remembered  by  his  useful 
"  Musical  Memoirs,"  or  annals  of  music  from 
1784  to  1830.  It  contains,  among  much 
gossippy  matter  and  anecdotes,  a  verj-  con- 
siderable proportion  of  historical  and  biograph- 
ical data. 

Parker,  Henry,  composer,  conductor, 
and  teacher  of  singing,  born  in  London, 
August  4,  1845.  Studied  at  Leipzig  under 
Moscheles,  Richter,  and  Plaidy ;  and  at  Paris 
under  Lefort.  Has  given  concerts  in  St. 
James's  Hall,  London,  etc.  Composer  of  a 
romantic  comic  opera,  "Mignonette,"  Royalty 
Theatre,  May,  1889;  "Jerusalem,"  for  bass 
solo  and  chorus,  Albert  Hall,  ]  884 ;  and  other 
songs  that  have  become  popular.  Gavottes, 
and  other  short  pieces  for  orchesti'a ;  pf .  pieces, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL  BIOGRAPHY. 


309 


PARKER. 

•etc.  Author  of  "  The  Voice  :  its  Production 
and  Improvement,  with  Practical  Exercises," 
London,  various  editions. 

Parker,  Louis  Napoleon,  composer  and 
dramatist,  bora  in  the  Department  of  Calvados, 
France,  October  21,  1852.  Educated  on  the 
continent.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  1870,  under 
Sterndale  Bennett,  Banister,  Steggall,  and 
others.  A.R.A.]M.,  1874.  Member  of  Com- 
mittee of  the  United  Wagner  Society,  and 
Engli-sh  representative  of  the  Rivue  Wagner- 
ienne,  1885.  In  1877  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  music  master  at  Sherborne  School,  Dor- 
setshire, and  he  made  the  school  concerts 
famous,  also  conducting  various  societies  in 
the  locality.  In  1892  he  left  Sherborne  for 
London,  to  devote  himself  to  dramatic  author- 
ship. He  was  for  a  long  time  a  contributor 
to  the  musical  press,  principally  upon  Wagne- 
rian topics.  His  compositions  comprise  the 
cantatas.  The  Wreck  of  the  Hesperus,  Silvia, 
Young  Tamerlane ;  Psalm  2.3,  for  equal  voices ; 
Orchestral  overtures  (MS.),  violin  and  pf. 
pieces  ;  Songs,  and  part-songs,  etc.  Dramatic 
works :  A  buried  talent ;  The  love  knot ;  Love 
in  a  mist ;  The  sequel ;  and  others  written  in 
conjunction  w-ith  Murray  Carson,  etc. 

Parker,  Robert,  organist  and  conductor, 
studied  under  W.  S.  Hoyte,  Scotson  Clark, 
and  G.  Cooper ;  also  violin  and  pf .  under 
Lehmeyer,  and  singing  under  F.  Walker. 
Was  for  some  time  .assistant  to  W.  H.  ilonk 
at^  King's  College,  London.  About  the  end  of 
1878  he  was  appointed  organist  at  the  Cathe- 
dral, Wellington,  New  Zealand.  There  he 
established  orchestral  concerts,  and  conducted 
the  first  Musical  Festival  given  in  New  Zea- 
land, November,  1888.  He  has  introduced 
many  important  compositions,  and  has  exer- 
cised great  influence  in  the  musical  develop- 
ment of  the  country.  He  is  singing  instructor 
to  the  Board  of  Education,  and  represents  the 
R.A.^I.,  and  other  London  institutions. 

Parker,  Septimus,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, born  at  London,  June  10,  1824.  He 
"was  successively  organist  of  Ashtead  Parish 
Church,  1844-59;  Epsom,  1859-61;  Godal- 
ming,  1864-74 ;  Ashtead,  1874-77 ;  St.  Paul's 
Episcopal  Church,  Aberdeen,  1877-79 ;  St. 
John's,  Longside  ;  St.  Paul's,  Aberdeen,  again, 
1880-82;  and  St.  Mary's,  Aberdeen,  1885-86. 
He  died  at  Aberdeen,  April  27,  1886.  He 
composed  church  services,  ai;thems,  Inmn- 
tunes,  part-songs,  etc.  Edited  a  "  Selection 
of  Church  Tunes  and  Cathedral  Chants, 
arranged  in  4  parts,"  NoveUo  [1850]. 

Parker,  William  Frye,  violinist,  born 
at  Dunmow,  Essex,  in  1855.  Entered  the 
R.A.M.  in  1867,  studying  under  the  late  M. 
Sainton.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  he  was  engaged 
by  Costa  as  a  first  violinist  in  the  orchestra 
of  Her  Majesty's  Theatre.  Professor  of  the 
violin,  R.A.M.  and  Guildhall  School  of  Music, 


PARRATT. 

1881.  F.R.A.M.  Principal  violin  at  the 
Promenade  Concerts  at  Her  Majesty's  Theatre, 
1887,  and  at  the  Queen's  Hall,  1895.  After 
the  death  of  Mr.  Carrodus,  ^Ir.  Parker  was 
appointed  principal  violin  at  the  Leeds  Festi- 
val of  1885,  and  of  the  Philharmonic  Society, 
1896. 

Parkinson,  William,  musician  of  the 
latter  part  of  the  18th  century.  Author  of 
"  New  book  of  Instructions  for  beginners  on 
the  Pianoforte,"  London  [1790] . 

Parkinson,  William  Wignall,  musician 
and  writer,  born  at  Catterall,  Garstang,  Lan- 
cashire, 1812.  Author  of  "The  natural  and 
universal  Principles  of  Harmony  and  Modu- 
lation, with  illustrative  and  analyzed  extracts 
from  the  Works  of  Classical  Composers," 
London,  1873.  He  died  at  Catterall,  June  3, 
1878. 

Parky ns,  Beatrice,  Mrs.,  bom  Ckaw^- 
FORD,  composer,  born  at  Bombay,  India.  Her 
works  include  :  A  Posy  of  Proverbs,  six  songs  ; 
A  Posy  of  Flowers,  words  of  both  by  ^lay 
Gillington ;  Shepherd's  love  song,  etc.  A 
romance  for  violin,  "  Songe  d'autrefois  "  ;  Pf. 
pieces,  etc. 

Parr,  Rev.  Henry,  clergjinan  and  mu- 
sician, born  at  Lythwood  Hall,  Shropshire, 
August  16,  1815.  He  was  educated  at  Oxford, 
and  ordained  in  1845.  Vicar  of  Taunton, 
1849-1858 ;  Curate  of  Tunbridge,  1859-1861 ; 
Perpetual  curate  of  Ash  Church,  Gloucester- 
shire, 1861-62 ;  Curate-in-Cbarge  of  Yoxford, 
Suffolk,  1867 ;  and  vicar  at  Yoxford,  Suffolk, 
1872.  Compiler  of  "Church  of  England 
Psalmody :  Psalm  tunes.  Chants,  with  re- 
sponses, etc.,  with  memoirs  of  the  composers 
and  histories  of  the  pieces,"  London,  8  edit- 
ions to  1880;  and  composer  of  chants. 

Parratt,  Sir  Walter,  Kt.,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Huddersfield,  February  10, 
1841.  Studied  under  his  father  (noticed 
below),  and  when  seven  took  a  service  at 
Armitage  Bridge,  near  Huddersfield,  succeed- 
ing his  elder  brother  as  organist  there  in  1852. 
Two  vears  later  he  was  appointed  to  St.  Paul's, 
Huddersfield;  in  1861  to  Witley  Court,  as 
organist  to  Lord  Dudley;  Parish  Church, 
WMgan,  1868;  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1872; 
and  in  1882  succeeded  Sir  George  Elvey  at 
St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor.  Graduated 
]Mus.  Bac  ,  Oxford,  1873.  Appointed  professor 
of  the  organ  at  R.C.M.,  1883;  in  1892  received 
the  honour  of  Knighthood ;  and  in  1893  was 
appointed  ISIaster  of  the  ^lusic  in  Ordinary  to 
the  Queen.  He  is  a  reniarkal)le  performer  on 
the  organ,  and  has  given  recitals  in  many 
places,  and  also  lectured  and  written  on  the 
organ  and  kindred  topics.  Contributor  to 
Grove's  Dictionary.  He  has  composed  nuisic 
"Agamemnon,"  Oxford,  1880;  set  the  Elegy 
to  Patroclus,  in  the  "Tale  of  Troy,"  London, 
1883 ;  :\Iusic  to  "  Story  of  Orestes,"  London, 


310 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


PARRY. 

188G.  Anthems,  songs,  organ  and  j)f-  pieces. 
Also  a  March  for  the  Royal  Wedding  at 
Windsor,  July  C,  1891. 

His  father,  Thomas  PxRiiATT,  born  January 
30,  1793,  was  an  articled  pupil  of  Brailsforcl, 
the  then  organist  of  Doncaster  Parish  Church. 
In  181'2  Gray  built  a  new  organ  in  Huddersfield 
Parish  Church,  and  Parratt  was  appointed 
organist.  His  first  service  was  played  on 
Christmas  Day,  1812,  and  he  never  missed 
playing  on  the  anniversary  of  that  day  till  his 
death,  IMarch  27,  1862.  "  He  was  the  first 
organist  and  resident  professor  in  Hudders- 
field ;  a  fine  player  of  the  old  school,  and 
celebrated  for  his  accompaniments. 

The  elder  son,  Henry  L.  Parratt,  trained 
by  his  father,  was  organist  first  at  Armitage 
Bridge  Church;  in  1852,  of  St.  Paul's, 
Huddersfield;  then,  after  some  time  spent  in 
London,  succeeded  his  father  at  Huddersfield 
Parish  Church  in  18G2.  For  85  Christmas 
Days  in  succession  father  and  son  have  pre- 
sided at  the  organ. 

Parry,  Charles  Hubert  Hastings,  com- 
poser and  writer,  born  at  Bournemouth, 
February  27,  1848,  second  son  of  the  late 
Gambier  Parry,  of  Higham  Court,  Gloucester. 
Went  to  Eton  in  1861,  and  while  there  had 
lessons  from  Dr.  G.  Elvey,  composed  a  Church 
Service  in  D,  and  passed  the  examination  for 
Mus.  Bac.  Proceeded  to  Oxford  in  1866, 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1867;  B.A.,  1870;  and 
M.A.,  1874.  While  at  Oxford  he  worked  at 
music  with  Sir  W.  S.  Bennett,  and  (Sir)  G. 
A.  Macfarren  ;  and,  making  it  his  profession, 
studied  further  with  H.  H.  Pierson  at  Stutt- 
gart, and  with  E.  Dannreuther.  It  was  not 
vmtil  1880  that  he  was  generally  known  as  a 
composer,  though  an  orchestral  Intermezzo 
Religioso  from  his  pen  was  produced  at  the 
Gloucester  Festival  of  1868.  In  February, 
1880,  Mr.  Dannreuther,  at  Orme  Square, 
brought  out  some  of  his  chamber  music ;  and 
his  "  Prometheus  Unbound "  was  produced 
at  Gloucester  Festival  that  year.  Since  then 
he  has  contributed  more  works  to  the  provin- 
cial festivals  than  any  other  composer.  He 
was  appointed  Choragus  of  the  University  of 
Oxford,  in  1883  ;  and  professor  of  composition 
and  musical  history  in  the  R.C.M.,  on  its 
opening  the  same  year.  Examiner  for  Degrees 
in  Music,  London  University,  1891  ;  and  on 
the  retirement  of  Sir  George  Grove  in  1894, 
he  was  elected  Director  of  R.C.M.  He  was 
created  Mus.  Doc.  by  Decree  of  Convocation, 
Oxford,  1884 ;  and  received  the  same  degree, 
honoris  causa,  at  Cambridge,  1883,  and  Dublin, 
1891.  He  has  lectured  on  music  at  the  Royal 
Institution,  1891-3  ;  at  the  Midland  Institute, 
Birmingham,  1884,  etc.,  and  in  other  places; 
and  has  contributed  to  the  Academy,  1876, 
and  written  many  elaborate  articles  for  Grove's 
"  Dictionary  of  Music." 


PARRY. 

Works. — Cantatas,  oratorios,  etc. :  Scenes- 
from  Prometheus  Unbound  (Shelley),  Glouces- 
ter Festival,  1880 ;  The  Glories  of  our  Blood 
and  State,  the  same,  1883  ;  Choral  Ode,  Blest- 
Pair  of  Svrens  (Milton),  Bach  Choir,  May  17, 
1887  ;  Judith,  Birmingham,  1888;  St.  Cecilia's 
Day,  Leeds,  1889  ;  L'AUegro  ed  il  Pensieroso, 
Norwich,  1890 ;  Psalm  130,  for  soprano  solo, 
three  choirs,  and  orchestra,  Hereford,  1891 ; 
Choric  song.  The  Lotos  Eaters,  Cambridge,, 
]\Iay  week,  1892;  Oratorio,  Job,  Gloucester, 
1892,  and  repeated  at  Worcester  and  Hereford, 
1893-4  ;  King  Saul,  Birmingham,  1894  ;  Ode, 
Invocation  to  Music,  Leeds,  1895.  Ode  for 
450th  anniversary  of  Eton ;  Music  to  Aristo-- 
phanes'  Birds  (Cambridge,  November,  1883) ; 
Frogs  (Oxford,  February  17,  1892);  and  to 
Hypatia,  Haymarket,  January,  1893.  Anthems 
and  Services.  English  Lyrics,  4  sets  ;  Three 
Odes  of  Anacreon ;  Six  Shakesperean  and 
other  songs,  etc.  Orchestral :  Symphony 
No.  1,  in  G,  Birmingham  Festival,  1882 ; 
No.  2,  in  F,  Cambridge  University  IMusical 
Society,  June  12,  1883 ;  No.  3,  in  C,  Philhar- 
monic, May  23,  1889 ;  No.  4,  in  E  minor, 
Richter,  July  1,  1889.  Suite  Moderne,  in  A 
minor,  Gloucester,  1886 ;  Overture,  Guillem 
de  Cabestanh,  Crystal  Palace,  March  15, 1879; 
Symphonic  overture, On  an  unwri  tten  Tragedy,. 
Worcester,  1893;  Suite  for  strings,  1894. 
Concerto,  in  F  sharp  minor,  pf.  and  orchestra, 
Crystal  Palace  (Dannreuther),  April  3,  1880. 
Chamber  Music :  Nonet  in  B  flat,  Wind ; 
Quintet  in  E  flat ;  Quartet  in  G,  strings ; 
in  A  flat,  pf.  and  strings ;  Trios  in  E  minor 
(1880),  B  minor,  and  G,  pf.  and  strings ;; 
Sonata  in  A,  pf.  and  'cello;  Fantaisie-Sonata 
in  B ;  Sonata  in  D ;  Partita  in  D  minor ; 
12  short  pieces  for  violin  and  pf.  Duo  in  E 
minor,  two  pf. ;  sonatas  in  B  flat  and  D  minor; 
Variations;  Miniatures;  Sonnets  and  songs 
without  words,  etc.,  for  pf.  Characteristic 
popular  tunes  of  the  British  Isles,  pf.  duet. 
Fantasia  and  Fugue,  organ.  Literary : 
Studies  of  Great  Composers,  Routledge,  1886 ;: 
The  Art  of  Music,  1893,  enlarged  as  The 
Evolution  of  the  Art  of  Music,  1896,  Kegan 
Paul;  Summary  of  Musical  History,  Novello's 
Primers,  1893. 

Parry,  John,  Welsh  harper  and  collector, 
of  Ruabon,  North  Wales.  He  was  bard  or 
harper  to  Sir  W.  W.  Wynne,  of  Wynnstay, 
during  the  middle  of  the  18th  century.  He 
appeared  in  London  as  a  player.  He  died  at- 
Ruabon,  October  7, 1782. 

Works. — Antient  British  Music  :  or  a  col- 
lection of  tunes  never  before  published,  which 
are  retained  by  the  Cambro  Britons,  more 
particularly  in  North  Wales.  An  historical 
account  of  the  rise  and  progress  of  Music 
among  the  Antient  Britons,  London,  1742 
[with  Williams]  ;  only  1  part  published. 
British  Harmony ;  being  a  collection  of  Antient 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


311 


PARRY. 

Welsh  airs,  the  traditional  remains  of  those 
originally  sung  hy  the  hards  of  Wales .... 
London,  1781.     Music  for  the  harpsichord. 

Parry,  John,  "Bardd  Alaw,"  composer 
and  writer,  horn  at  Denhigh,  Fehruary  18, 
1776.  Member  of  hand  of  Denbigh  Militia, 
1795.  Bandmaster  of  same,  1797-1807. 
Teacher  of  flageolet  in  London,  1807.  Com- 
poser for  Vauxhall  from  1809.  Conducted  an 
Eisteddfod  in  Wales.  Received  degree  of 
Master  of  Song  (Bard  Alaw),  1821.  Musical 
critic  of  Morning  Post,  1834-48.  Treasurer  of 
Royal  Society  of  Musicians,  1831-49.  He 
died  at  London,  April  8, 1851. 

Works. — Incidental  IMusic  to  "  Harlequin 
Hoax,"  1814;  Oberon's  Oath,  181G ;  High 
Notions,  1817 ;  Ivanhoe,  1820 ;  Fair  Cheating, 
1814;  Helpless  Animals,  1818;  Two  Wives, 
1821 ;  My  Uncle  Gabriel ;  Caswallon,  etc. 
The  Welsh  Harper,  being  an  extensive  col- 
lection of  Welsh  music,  to  which  are  prefixed 
observations  on  the  character  and  antiquity 
of  the  Welsh  Music,  London  [1839-48],  2 
vols.  ;  An  account  of  the  Royal  Musical 
Festival  held  in  Westminster  Abbey,  1834, 
drawn  up  from  ofhcial  documents,  n.d. ; 
Beauties  of  Caledonia,  or  flowers  of  Scottish 
Song  .  .  .  with  symphonies  and  accompani- 
ments for  the  Pf.,  London,  4  vols.  [1840] ; 
Selection  of  six  Brazillian  melodies  ;  Cam- 
brian Harmony,  being  a  collection  of  antient 
Welsh  airs  [1810],  2  books ;  Collection  of 
Welsh  airs  .  .  .  for  the  harp  [1825] ;  The  Vocal 
Companion  ;  British  Minstrelsy  [1830]  ; 
Flowers  of  Song ;  London  collection  of  Gflees, 
etc. ;  Sonatas  for  the  harp ;  Complete  scales 
for  Wheatstone's  Patent  Symphonium[J850] ; 
Glees,  part-songs,  etc.  Songs:  Jenny  Jones  ; 
Apollo  and  the  Muses ;  Oh,  merry  row  the 
bonny  bark  ;  Maid  of  Toro,  etc. 

Parry,  John  Orlando,  composer,  pianist, 
and  baritone  vocalist,  son  of  above,  was  born 
at  London,  January  3,  1810.  He  studied 
under  Bochsa  and  his  father.  Debut  as 
harpist  in  1825.  Appeared  as  a  ballad  vocalist 
in  1831.  Sang  in  operettas  and  entertain- 
ments by  himself  and  others.  Organist  of  St. 
Jude's,  Southsea,  1853.  Reappeared  at  the 
German  Reed  Entertainments,  1860-G9.  Re- 
tired, 1877.  He  died  at  East  Molesey,  Feb- 
ruary 20,  1879. 

Works. — Songs,  of  which  the  following  is 
a  selection  : — Bridal  Bells  ;  Blue  Beard  ;  Cin- 
dereUa  ;  Country  Commissions  ;  Crotchet  ; 
Norah,  the  pride  of  Kildare ;  Take  a  bumper 
and  try ;  A  heart  to  let ;  Wanted  a  wife ; 
Fay  re  Rosamunde.  The  ABC  duet,  and 
numerous  comic  and  sentimental  pieces. 
Ridiculous  things,  or  scraps  and  oddities, 
London,  1854.  Series  of  humerous  sketches 
in  various  colours  of  ink. 

Parry,  Joseph,  composer,  born  at  Merthyr 
Tydvil,  May  21, 1841.     Picked  up  some  know- 


PARSONS. 

ledge  of  music  when  a  child,  but  had,  when 
ten  years  old,  to  work  at  a  puddling  furnace. 
In  1854  the  family  followed  the  father  to 
America.  Joseph  Parry  paid  one  visit  to 
Wales  before  he  finally  returned  home.  He 
still  continued  his  studies,  and  won  Eistedd- 
fodic  prizes  in  1862-3.  Through  the  influence 
of  Brinley  Richards  he  entered  the  R.A.M.  in 
1868,  and  studied  under  Bennett,  Garcia,  and 
Steggall.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1871 ;  INIus. 
Doc,  1878,  Cambridge.  F.R.A.M.  Appointed 
Professor  of  Music,  University  College, 
Aberystwith,  1871 ;  and  in  1888  to  the  Musical 
Lectureship  of  University  College  of  South 
Wales,  Cardiff.  He  has  lectured  on  IMusic, 
and  contributed  articles  on  Welsh  musicians, 
etc.,  to  the  press.  At  the  National  Eisteddfod, 
Llandudno,  July  1,  1896,  he  was  publicly 
presented  with  a  cheque  for  £600  for  services 
rendered  to  Welsh  music. 

Works. — Oratorios  :  Emmanuel,  London, 
1880 ;  Saul  of  Tarsus,  produced  at  Rhyl,  Sep- 
tember 8,  and  Cardiff  Festival,  September  23, 
1892.  Cantatas  :  The  Prodigal  Son  (prize) ; 
Nebuchadnezzar ;    and  Cambria,  Llandudno, 

1896.  Operas :  Blodwen,  Aberdare,  1878 ; 
Virginia,  completed  in  1883 ;  Arianwen,  pro- 
duced at  Cardiff,  June  5,  1890 ;  Sylvia,  Cardiff, 
August  12,  1895.;  and  King  Arthur,  completed 

1897.  The  Druids'  chorus.  Many  anthems, 
hymn  tunes,  songs,  etc.  Orchestral  Ballad, 
Cardiff,  1892 ;  Overtures ;  String  quartet. 
Sonatas,  and  other  pieces  for  pf.  Editor  of 
Cambrian  Minstrelsie,  6  vols., Edinburgh,  Jack. 

His  son,  Joseph  Haydn  Parry,  born  at 
Pennsylvania,  U.S.A.,  in  1864,  studied  under 
him,  and  at  Aberystwith.  In  1884  he  won  a 
prize  for  a  pf.  sonata.  His  comic  opera, 
"  Cigarette,"  was  produced  with  success  at 
Cardiff  in  1892 ;  and  another,  "  Miami,"  in 
London,  October  16, 1893.  He  finished  a  third, 
"  Marigold  Farm,"  the  same  year,  and  was 
the  composer  of  a  cantata  for  female  voices, 
"  Gwen."  He  was  axjpointed  a  professor  at 
the  Guildhall  School  in  1890.  Died  at  Hamp- 
stead,  March  29,  1894. 

Another  son,  D.  Mendelssohn  Parry,  is  a 
pianist,  and  was  for  a  time  at  the  Harrow 
Music  School.  He  is  now  a  concert  and 
operatic  agent. 

Parsons,  Alfred  William,  organist,  born 
at  Salisbury,  December  31,  1853.  Chorister 
at  Salisbury  Cathedral.  Organist  of  St.  John's, 
Leicester,  1878 ;  Parish  Church,  Aberystwith, 
1889.  Mus.  Bac,  Durham,  1891  ;  F.R.C.O. 
Lecturer  in  music,  St.  David's  College,  Lam- 
peter. Composer  of  a  setting  of  Psalm  18 ;  Two 
settings  of  the  Te  Deum  ;  Sacred  songs,  etc. 

Parsons,  John,  musician,  edited  "  The 
Hindustani  Choral  Book,  or  Svvar  Sangrah  : 
containing  the  tunes  of  those  hymns  in  the 
Git  Sangrah  which  are  in  native  metres," 
Benares,  1861. 


312 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


PARSONS. 

Another  John  Parsons,  who  lived  at  the 
end  of  last  and  beginning  of  this  century, 
composed  an  "  Ode  to  Liberty,  composed  for 
theccutenary  jubilee  of  the  Revolution  Club," 
Edinburgh,  1788.  Author  also  of  "  Elements 
of  Music,  with  progressive  practical  lessons," 
London  [1800". 

Parsons,  Robert,  composer,  was  born  at 
Exeter  in  the  first  half  of  the  16th  century. 
Composed  services,  anthems,  and  madrigals. 
Drowned  in  the  Trent  at  Newark,  January  25, 
1570  (1569?).  His  son  John  (?)  was  organist 
of  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  in  1616. 
Organist,  etc.,  of  Westminster  Abbev,  1621. 
He  died  in  1628. 

Parsons,  Sir  William,  musician,  born 
in  1746.  Chorister  under  Dr.  Cooke,  West- 
minster .\bbey.  He  studied  in  Italy,  1768, 
and  became  Master  of  the  King's  Music, 
1786.  Mus.  Bac.  and  Mus.  Doc.  Oxon, 
1790  (?).  Knighted,  1795.  Teacher  of 
the  Royal  Princesses,  1796.  Magistrate  of 
Middlesex  He  died  at  London  July,  19, 
1817,  aged  71.  Composer  '^of  Six  English 
Ballads  dedicated  to  the  Princess  Mary. 
Songs  :  Dear  is  my  little  native  vale  ;  Dear  to 
my  Delia's  peaceful  heart ;  Fair  Daphne ; 
A  scholar  first  my  love  implored,  etc.  The 
Court  Minuets  for  His  ^lajesty's  Birthday, 
1794.  It  was  the  kuightliood  bestowed  on 
Parsons  which  gave  rise  to  the  remark  that  he 
was  knighted  more  on  the  score  of  his  merits 
than  because  of  the  merits  of  his  scores. 

Partridge,  James,  pianist  and  teacher, 
born  in  Staffordshire  in  18-50.  Like  many 
other  musicians  he  was  originally  intended 
for  the  scholastic  profession,  and  passed  two 
years  in  training  at  Saltlej'  College,  near  Bir- 
mingham. During  that  time  he  acted  as 
organist,  an  unusual  position  for  a  student. 
After  holding  various  organ  appointments 
in  the  country,  he  went  to  London,  and  en- 
tered the  R.A.^I.  in  1875,  studying  under  Dr. 
Steggall  and  Brinley  Richards.  Elected 
A.R.A.M.  Brinley  Richards  and  he  became 
warm  friends,  and  on  the  death  of  the  former 
in  1885,  Partridge  was  appointed  to  his  class 
at  the  Guildhall  School  of  ]\Iusic,  having 
acted  as  his  deputy  for  some  years.  That 
positiou  he  still  holds,  and  he  is  also  reader 
to  one  of  the  largest  publishing  houses  in 
London.  He  was  for  some  time  organist  at 
St.  Andrew's,  Hammersmith.  His  composi- 
tions consist  chiefly  o!  songs  and  church 
music  ;  and  he  has  published  various  organ 
arrangements.  He  edited  2  vols,  of  Brinley 
Richards's  original  works  for  pf.,  published  by 
R.  Cocks. 

Pascal,  Florian.    See  Williams,  Joseph. 

Paterson,  Robert  Roy,  composer  and 
music  publisher,  a  member  of  the  Edinburgh 
firm  of  Paterson,  Sons,  &  Co.,  which  was 
founded  in  1827  as  Paterson  &  Roy.     Under 


PATON. 

the  pseudonym  of  "  Alfred  Stella  "  he  has 
written  a  number  of  songs  and  pf.  pieces. 

Patey,  C.  A.,  author  of  "An  Elementary 
Treatise  on  the  Art  of  Playing  the  Violin, 
with  Scales,  Exercises,  etc.,"  Loudon,  n.d. 

Patey,  Janet  Monach,  bom  Whytock, 
contralto  vocalist,  born  in  London,  May  1, 
1842,  her  father  being  a  native  of  Glasgow. 
Studied  singing  first  with  John  Wass,  and  on 
August  20,  1860,  made  her  first  public  appear- 
ance at  James  Stimpson's  Monday  Evening 
Concerts,  Town  Hall,  Birmingham,  as  Miss 
EUeu  Andrews.  Became  a  member  of  Henry 
Leslie's  Choir,  and  studied  under  Mrs.  Sims 
Reeves  and  Pinsuti.  In  1865  she  toured  with 
the  Lemmens'  Concert  Party,  and  in  1866 
married  Mr.  Patey  (noticed  below).  That 
year  she  made  her  Festival  dtliit  at  Worcester, 
and  sang  at  the  Birmingham  Festival,  1867  ; 
Norwich.  1869  ;  and  Leeds,  1874.  On  the  re- 
tirement of  Madame  Sainton-Dolby,  in  1870, 
she  succeeded  to  the  position  of  first  English 
contralto.  Toured  in  America,  singing  in 
"Elijah,"  New  York,  October  31,  1871.  Sang 
in  Paris,  in  1875,  in  performance  of  the 
"  Messiah,"  and  at  the  Conservatoire,  being 
presented  with  a  medal  by  the  Directors  in 
commemoration  of  the  event.  Sang  at  all  the 
important  concerts  in  the  United  Kingdom, 
and  was  identified  with  the  greatest  composi- 
tions produced  at  the  different  festivals,  etc. 
In  1890  she  undertook  a  long  tour  in  Aus- 
tralia, commencing  with  a  concert  at  Sydney. 
Re-appeared  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  October 
11,  1891.  Decided  to  retire  in  1893,  an  i  began 
a  farewell  tour  in  the  winter,  but  it  was 
brought  to  a  tra':;ic  close  by  her  sudden  death, 
February  28,  1894.  She  had  sung  at  a  con- 
cert at  the  Albert  Hall,  Sheffield,  the  pre- 
vious evening,  and  after  singing  "  The  Banks 
of  Allan  Water  "  in  response  to  the  encore, 
fainted  as  she  left  the  platform,  and  died  at 
her  hotel  earlj'  next  morning,  without  regain- 
ing consciousness. 

Patey,  John  George,  husband  of  the 
above,  bass  vocalist,  born  at  Stonehouse, 
Devonshire,  in  18-35.  Intended  for  the  medi- 
cal profession,  but  gave  it  up  for  music. 
Studied  at  Paris  and  Milan,  and  made  hisdebut 
at  Drury  Lane,  as  Plunket,  in  Flotow's  opera 
"  Martha,"  1858.  Sang  for  several  seasons 
in  English  opera  at  Covent  Garden,  etc.,  and 
visited  New  York  in  1871.  taking  part  in  a 
performance  of  "  Elijah,"  October  31.  Toured 
in  the  English  provinces  up  to  1876.  Was 
for  some  time  a  member  of  the  choir  at  Lin- 
coln's Inn  Chapel.  From  1888  a  music  pub- 
lisher in  London 

Paton,  James  Crooks,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  violoncellist,  was  boni  at  Edin- 
burgh, ;March  28,  1855.  He  was  organist  of 
St.  Leonard's  Parish  Church,  and  of  Dalkeith 
Parish  Church,  and  from  1881  was  conductor 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


313 


PATON. 

of  the  St.  Andrew's  Amateur  Orchestral 
Societ)- ;  Member  of  Waddel's  Quartet  Party. 
He  died  at  Edinburgh,  August  27,  1886. 
Composer  of  an  overture,  "  The  Pursuit  of 
Pleasure  "  (1886) ;  a  quartet,  for  strings,  in  G 
minor;  Marches, gavottes, muzurkas;  "Lena" 
{1886),  etc.,  for  orchestra;  all  of  which  are  in 
manuscript. 

Paton,  Mary  Ann,  bom  Wood,  soprano 
vocalist,  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  in  October, 
1802.  Daughter  of  George  Paton,  writing- 
master  at  Edinburgh  High  School.  She  sang 
at  the  Edinburgh  Concerts  in  1810.  Studied 
the  harp  and  pf.  under  S.  Webbe,  Jun.,  and 
sang  in  London  in  1811 ;  and  Bath,  1820-1. 
Sang  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  London, 
as  Susannah  in  Mozart's  "  Figaro,"  1822. 
Appeared  in  Weber's  "  Der  Frieschutz,"  July, 
1824.  Married  Lord  William  Pitt  Lennox, 
1824.  Created  part  of  Reiza  in  Weber's 
■"Oberon,"  April  12,  1826.  Divorced  from 
her  husband  (Lennox),  1830.  Married  "Sir. 
Joseph  Wood,  tenor  vocalist,  1831.  Resided 
chiefly  at  Woollev  Moor,  Yorks.,  1833-54. 
Visited  United  States,  1834-36.  Appeared  in 
London  again  in  1837-1844.  Embraced  Roman 
•Catholic  Religion,  1843,  and  retired  from  the 
^tage  in  1844.  Lived  abroad,  1854-63.  She 
died  at  Bulcliffe  Hall,  near  Chapelthorpe, 
Wakefield,  July  21,  1864. 

Patten,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Fareham  in  1804.  He  was  organist 
at  Winchester.  Died  in  1863.  Compiler  of 
"  Congregational  Melodies,  original  and  sel- 
ected ..."  6  parts.  "  Six  Anthems  for  large 
or  small  choirs,"  Fareham  [1860] .  Collection 
of  Sacred  Music  .  .  .  London  [1850] ;  second 
collection.  Six  original  hymns  [1845].  Three 
sanctuses  for  four  voices.  Single  anthems, 
songs,  etc. 

Patterson,  Ada,  soprano  vocalist,  born  at 
Phnnouth.  Studied  at  R.A.]\I.  under  IMannel 
Garcia.  She  has  a  voice  of  extraordinary 
compass  in  the  high  register,  and  has  sung 
with  success  at  the  Crystal  Palace  (1891,  etc.), 
and  in  many  parts  of  the  country. 

Patterson  (Alexander),  composer  and 
baritone  vocalist,  was  born  at  Glasgow,  Dec- 
ember 26,  1847.  He  holds  various  appoint- 
ments as  a  teacher  of  vocal  music  in  schools 
and  since  1887  has  been  conductor  of  the 
Cathcart  IMusical  Association.  He  has  com- 
posed "  Hohenlinden,"  and  "  Sennacherib," 
cantatas  ;  numerous  original  part-songs  and 
songs ;  but  is  perhaps  best  known  as  the 
arranger  of  various  Scots  song  for  mixed  voices, 
which  have  been  sung  all  over  the  country  by 
the  Glasgow  Select  Choir,  in  which  Mr.  Patter- 
son sings  and  acts  as  deputy  conductor.  He 
has  edited  a  collection  of  83  "  Scottish  Songs" 
n.d. 

Patterson,  Annie  Wilson,  pianist, 
organist,    and    composer,   born    at    Lurgan, 


PAUL. 

County  Armagh,  Ireland,  October  27,  1868. 
Of  French  Huguenot  descent.  Educated  at 
Alexandra  College,  and  Royal  Irish  Academy 
of  ^lusic,  Dublin.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  and 
B.A.,  1887,  Mus.  Doc,  1889,  Royal  University 
of  Ireland.  Examiner  in  music  for  the  same, 
1892-5.  Conductor  of  Dublin  Choral  Union, 
1891-3.  Has  lectured  on  Irish  Music  in 
Dublin,  Cork,  London  (November  .30, 1895  and 
1897),  etc.  She  has  written  the  libretti  of  her 
own  compositions,  and  has  some  name  as  a 
painter.  Her  compositions  are:  "  Finola," 
Irish  cantata,  for  soU,  chorits  and  orchestra, 
1888;  Psalm  93,  1889;  "  Meta  Tauta"  (St. 
John's  Vision  of  Heaven),  for  soli  chorus  and 
orchestra,  produced,  Dublin,  February  25, 
1893;  cantata,  "The  Raising  of  Lazarus," 
Dublin,  April  10,  1891.  Six  original  Gaelic 
songs.;  Uladh,  or  the  Northern  Star,  patriotic 
song,  with  chorus  and  orchestra ;  At  Parting, 
etc. 

Pattinson   (James),  composer,  organist, 

'  pianist  and  conductor,  born,  October  30,  1847, 

'  at  Carlisle.      Studied  under  Abraham  Young, 

!  and  Dr.  Ford,  of  Carlisle  Cathedral.      Mus. 

Bac.  Cambridge,  1879.     Settled  in  Paisley,  in 

1874,  as  first  organist  of  the  Abbey,    .\ppointed 

to  St.  Silas'  Episcopal  Church,  Glasgow,  1880; 

Maxwell    Parish    Church,     Glasgow,     1883 ; 

Thread    Street   U.   P.  Church,  Paisley,  1890. 

Succeeded  G.  Taggart  as  conductor  of  Udding- 

ton    Society,    Glasgow,   1886.      Conductor  of 

Paisley  Philharmonic  (orchestral),  and  other 

Societies.        Organ    recitalist,    and    oratorio 

accompanist,  at  Glasgow,  Edinburgh,  Paisley, 

Carlisle,  etc. 

Works. — The  ^Magnificat,  for  soli,  chorus, 
strings  and  organ  ;  Cantata,  The  Ten  Virgins. 
Songs :  Becalmed ;  A  last  Rose ;  Kitty  of 
Carlisle,  and  others ;  part-songs.  Softly,  oh 
softly  glide,  etc.  Arrangements  of  Scotch  and 
other  songs.  Minuet  for  strings ;  Fantasia, 
and  other  pieces  for  organ.  The  major,  minor 
and  chromatic  scales,  in  single  and  double 
notes,  and  arpeggios  of  common,  dominant 
and  diminished  chords,  in  all  keys,  pf. 

Pattison,  Thomas  Mee,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Warrington,  January  27, 
1845.  Organist  of  Paul's  Church,  Warrington, 
1869 ;  and  conductor  of  a  choral  society. 
About  1886  he  removed  to  London. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  The  Ancient  Mariner; 
Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel,  1885  ;  Sherwood's 
Queen;  John  Bull  and  his  Trades,  1886;  ISIay 
Day,  1887;  Les  Francs  Chasseuis,  female 
voices.  Sacred  :  A  Day  with  our  Lord  ;  The 
Mother  of  Jesus.  Anthems:  There  were  Shep- 
herds ;  Truly  God  is  loving ;  O  praise  the 
Lord ;  and  others.  Organ  and  pf .  music. 
The  Happy  Valley,  comic  opera.  Author  of 
Rudiments  of  Vocal  Music,  with  Preparatory 
Exercises. 

Paul,    Mrs.    Howard,    bom    Is.^belia 


314 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


PAXTON. 

Featherstonk,  actress  and  contralto  vocalist, 
born  at  Dartford,  Kent,  in  1833.  She  apiJcared 
in  the  Beggar's  Opera,  in  1853,  and  in  many 
musical  and  dramatic  pieces.  Married  Mr. 
Henry  Howard  Paul,  and  in  1854  appeared 
with  him  in  a  large  number  of  different  enter- 
tainments. She  liad  a  voice  of  much  beauty, 
but  as  she  turned  her  attention  chiefly  to 
comedy,  she  never  attained  a  great  position 
as  a  vocalist.  She  died  at  London,  June  6, 
1879. 

Paxton,  Stephen,  glee  composer  and  bass 
singer,  was  born  in  1735.  He  was  a  pupil  of 
W.  Savage  and  gained  prizes  from  the  Catch 
Club  in  177'J,  1781,  1783,  1784,  and  1785.  He 
died  at  London,  August  18,  1787.  Composer 
of  numerous  glees  and  catches,  some  of  which 
were  republished  in  "  Collection  of  Glees, 
Catches,  etc.,  for  3  or  4  voices,"  op.  5.  London 
[1780j ,  and  in  other  collections.  He  also 
composed  six  solos  for  the  violoncello,  op.  1  ; 
Eight  duetts  for  a  violin  or  violoncello,  op.  2  ; 
Six  easy  sclos  for  a  violoncello  or  bassoon,  op. 
3 ;  Twelve  easy  lessons  for  a  violoncello  or  bass, 
op.  G.  ^Lasses,  Kyries,  songs,  etc.  Hisbrother 
WiLLi.\M  (born  1737,  died  1781),  was  a  violon- 
cellist, and  composed  "  Breathe  soft,  ye  winds," 
a  well-known  glee  for  3  voices,  besides  other 
pieces  contained  in  the  collections  above  noted. 

Payne,  Miss,  See  sub.  Cook,  Aynsley. 

Payne,  Richard,  amateur  organist  and 
conductor,  born  at  Birmiugham  in  1843.  He 
had  great  talent  for  music,  but  adopted  a 
business  career,  which  led  him  to  reside  in 
London  for  some'  years.  In  1874,  he  was 
appointed  organist  and  conductor  of  the 
Psalmody  class  at  Union  Chapel,  Islington, 
and  was  also  conductor  of  the  Borough  of 
Hackney  Clioral  Society,  which  gave  the 
first  performance  in  England  of  Bach's 
"  Magnificat,"  May  19,  1874.  Returning  to 
Birmingham,  he  became  organist  of  St. 
Luke's  Church,  1876,  and  later  of  the  Church 
of  the  Redeemer,  Edgbaston.  He  was  hon. 
conductor  of  the  Birmingham  Kyrle  Choir 
from  its  formation  until  his  death,  at  Bir- 
mingham, July  10,  1884.  He  was  self-taught 
in  music,  and  composed  a  Pf.  Trio  and 
some  vocal  music ;  also  contributed  articles 
to  the  Musical  Record  (1874)  and  Musical 
Standard  (1882).  He  was  succeeded  in  his 
organ  appointment  by  his  son,  a  clever 
amateur. 

Peace,  Albert  Lister,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  HuJdersfield,  January  26, 1844. 
Showed  musical  talent  at  a  very  early  age, 
and  was  placed  under  Henry  Horn  and  Henry 
Parratt,  and  in  1853  received  his  first  organ 
appointment,  at  Holrafirth  Parish  Church. 
After  being  organist  at  Dewsbury,  Hudders- 
field,  and  Cleckheaton  (1858-65),  he  went  to 
Glasgow  as  organist  of  Trinity  Congregational 
Church.     In  1870  he  was  appointed  organist 


PEARCE. 

to  the  University  of  Glasgow ;  St.  John's- 
Episcopal  Church,  1873 ;  Maxwell  Parish 
Church,  1875  ;  Hillhead  Parish  Church,  1876 ;. 
St.  Andrew's  Hall,  1877  ;  and  in  1879  to  the 
Cathedral.  Graduated  Mus.  Hac,  1870; 
Mus.  Doc,  1875,  Oxford.  F.C.O.,  1886, 
honoris  causa.  He  bus  given  recitals  in  all 
parts  of  the  kingdom,  and  opened  the  orgau 
at  Canterbury  Cathedral  (1886),  Victoria- 
Hall,  Hanley  (1888),  and  represented  Scot- 
land in  the  gathering  of  great  players  at  the 
opening  of  the  organ  in  Newcastle  Cathedral 
(St.  Nicholas'),  1891.  In  January,  1897,  he 
was  elected  organist  of  St.  George's  Hall, 
Liverpool,  in  succession  to  W.  T.  Bist,  and 
now  occupies  the  foremost  position  in  the 
country. 

Works. — Psalm  1.38,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra ;  Cantata,  St.  John  the  Baptist, 
1875.  Morning,  Evening,  and  Communion 
Services.  Awake  up,  my  glory  ;  The  night 
is  far  spent  (eight  voices) ;  God  be  merciful ;. 
and  other  anthems.  Sonata  da  Camera,  No. 
1,  in  D  minor;  No.  2,  in  C  minor  ;  No.  3,  in 
G  minor;  Concert  Fantasia  on  Scottish  melo- 
dies ;  Fantasia  in  B  flat;  two  Andantes — all 
for  organ  ;  and  organ  arrangements  of  Over- 
tures, William  Tell,  Oberon,  etc.  Musical 
editor  of  Scottish  Hymnal,  1885 ;  Psalms- 
and  Paraphrases ;  Psalter ;  and  Anthem 
Book,  for  Psalmody  Committee  of  the  Church 
of  Scotland. 

Peacock,  Francis,  musician  and  minia- 
ture painter,  born  at  Aberdeen,  in  1723.  He 
was  a  dancing-master  in  Aberdeen,  and  a 
violinist  who  frequently  led  the  weekly  sub- 
scription concerts  given  by  the  Music  il 
Society.  He  taught  dancing,  under  the 
patronage  of  the  Town  Council,  in  a  hall 
in  Drum's  Lane.  He  died  at  Aberdeen,  June 
26,  1807.  Editor  of  "  Fifty  Favourite  Scotch 
Airs,  for  a  violin,  German  flute,  and  violon- 
cello, with  a  thorough-bass  for  the  harpsi- 
chord," London,  n.d.  [1762].  Author  of 
"  Sketches  relative  to  the  History  and  theory, 
but  more  especially  to  the  practice  of  Dan- 
cing," Aberdeen,  1805.  The  publication  cf 
this  called  forth  a  satirical  poem,  entitled, 
"  On  the  Magistrates  of  the  city  having 
purchased  twenty  copies  of  '  Peacock  on 
Dancing.' " 

Peacock,  Matthew,  musician  of  first 
half  of  the  present  century,  who  was  a  native 
of  Chetham,  issued  "A  Set  of  Psalm  and 
Hymn  Tunes,  composed  in  a  familiar  style,"' 
London  [1837]. 

Pearce,  Charles  William,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Salisbury,  December  5, 
1856.  Studied  the  organ  under  Theodore  E. 
Aylward,  W.  S.  Hoyte,  and  Dr.  E.  J.  Hop- 
kins ;  pianoforte,  harmony,  and  composition 
with  C.  J.  Read,  Dr.  Hopkins,  and  (Professor) 
E.  Prout.     Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1881  ;  Mus. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


315 


PEARCE. 

Doc,  1884,  Cambridge.  Was  organist  of  St. 
Martin's,  Salisbury,  1871-3,  and  accompanist 
to  Sarum  Choral  Society,  1872-3.  In  1874  he 
was  appointed  to  St.  Luke's,  Old  Street, 
London,  accepting,  in  1885,  the  office  of 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  St.  Clement's, 
Eastcheap,  which  he  still  holds.  Professor 
of  Organ,  Harmony,  Counterpoint  and  Com- 
position, Trinity  College,  London,  1882; 
Dean  of  the  College,  1892.  Examiner  for 
degree  of  Mus.  Bac. ,  Cambridge,  1888-91; 
and  for  Mus.  Doc,  1895.  Co-editor  of  The 
Organist  and  Choirmaster,  and  hon.  treasurer 
of  London  Section  of  the  Incorporated  Society 
of  Musicians  from  1892.  Has  lectured  on 
Plain  Song  Melodies  ;  The  Compositions  of 
Samuel  Wesley  ;  Organists  in  relation  to  the 
Clergy  (Dublin,  1895),  and  kindred  subjects. 

Works. — Church  Cantatas:  All  Saints 
(1880),  The  Man  of  Sorrows  (1893),  Our  Risen 
and  Ascended  Lord  (1895).  Oratorio  (Univ. 
Ex.  Mus.  Doc.)  Lux  benigna  (1884),  Encela- 
dus,  choral  scena,  men's  voices,  op.  43,  pro- 
duced at  Bristol,  1889.  Services,  Anthems, 
Hymns,  in  Anglican  Choir  Series ;  Songs, 
etc.  ;  Quartet  in  C,  for  organ,  pf.,  violin,  and 
violoncello;  Trio,  "  Nocte  Surgentes,"  for 
-pf.,  violin,  and  violoncello;  Three  Idylls  for 
violin  and  pf.  Organ  music :  Symphonic 
poem,  "  Corde  natus;"  two  Sonatas  (all, 
1885)  ;  Preludes  and  fugues,  fantasias,  post- 
ludes,  and  introductory  voluntaries.  Edu- 
cational works :  Voice  Training  Exercises 
(with  Behnke,  1884) ;  Voice  Training  Studies 
(1892)  ;  Voice  Training  Primer  (1893) ;  Three 
Text-books  of  Musical  Knowledge,  Junior, 
Intermediate,  and  Senior  (Hammond  and 
Co.,  1889-91) ;  Complete  Pedal  Scales,  organ 
(1892) ;  Three  books  of  Organ  Studies 
(1893-4)  ;  Organ  School  (1895). 

Pearce,  Joseph,  author  of  "  Violins,  and 
Violin-makers  :  biographical  dictionary  of  the 
great  Italian  artistes,  their  followers  and 
imitators  to  the  present  time.  With  essays 
on  important  subjects  connected  with  the 
Violin,"  London,  1866. 

Pearce,  Stephen  Austen,  organist  and 
composer,  born  near  London.  Pupil  of  Dr. 
J.  L.  Hopkins.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1859  ; 
Mus.  Doc,  1864,  Oxford.  Held  organ  appoint- 
ments at  St.  John's,  Oxford  Square,  London ; 
St.  Saviour's,  Paddington ;  St.  Paul's,  Onslow 
Square,  and  elsewhere.  Visited  the  United 
States  and  Canada;  returned  to  London,  and 
gave  recitals  at  Hanover  Square  Rooms,  etc. 
Again  went  to  America,  and  was  appointed 
Instructor  in  vocal  music  at  Columbia  College. 
Organist  successively  at  St.  Mark's,  Philadel- 
phia ;  St.  Andrew's ;  St.  George's ;  New 
Cathedral,  5th  Avenue ;  and  St.  Stephen's 
B.  C.  Church  in  New  York.  His  latest 
appointments  were.  Lecturer,  and  professor 
of  harmony  and  composition  at  New  York 


PEARSALL. 

College  of  Music.  He  has  given  concerts  and 
lectures  in  many  parts  of  the  United  States, 
and  contributed  to  the  press  of  Chicago, 
Boston,  etc.,  and  to  the  principal  musical 
journals.  His  compositions  comprise  a  com- 
edy-opera, "La  Belle  Americaine";  orchestral 
music,  performed  by  the  Thomas  orchestra, 
etc. ;  many  pf.  pieces,  songs,  etc.,  as  well  as 
arrangements.  His  Degree  Exercises  were 
The  Psalm  of  Praise,  cantata  ;  and  Celestial 
Visions,  a  dramatic  oratorio.  Author  of  A 
Musical  Dictionary;  and  editor  and  translator 
of  various  elaborate  works  for  American  pub- 
lishers. 

Pearman,  William,  tenor  vocalist,  was 
born  at  Manchester  in  1792.  He  went  to  sea 
as  a  cabin-boy,  and  was  engaged  at  the  Battle 
of  Copenhagen,  and  wounded.  Appeared 
unsuccessfully  as  an  actor,  and  sang  at  Sadler's 
Wells  Theatre,  London.  Afterwards  he 
studied  for  a  short  time  under  Addison.  Sang 
at  Newcastle,  Bath,  Bristol,  etc  Debut  as 
operatic  vocalist  at  English  Opera  House, 
July  7,  1817,  in  "  The  Cabinet."  Sang  at 
Drury  Lane,  Covent  Garden,  and  principal 
concerts.     Died  (?). 

Pearman,  James,  probably  a  relative  of 
the  above,  was  born  at  Winchester  about  1818. 
He  studied  under  Dr.  Chard,  and  was  an 
organist  and  teacher  of  music  in  Dundee, 
where  he  died,  on  April  3,  1880.  Composer 
of  a  ]\Iass,  some  pf.  music,  songs,  etc. 

Pearsall,  Robert  Lucas  de,  composer, 
born  at  Clifton,  March  14,  1795.  Educated 
for  Law.  Called  to  the  Bar,  1821,  and  prac- 
tised till  1825.  He  then  studied  music  under 
Panny,  at  Mayence.  Re-visited  England, 
1829.  Settled  at  Carlsruhe,  1830.  Lived  at 
Wartensee  Castle  on  Lake  of  Constance  from 
1832.     He  died  at  Wartensee,  August  5,  1856. 

Works. — Madrigals  for  4,  5,  6  and  8  voices, 
London  [1840] .  Eight  Glees  and  Madrigals, 
London  [1863] .  Twenty-four  Choral  Songs, 
etc.,  edited  by  J.  Hullah  [1863].  Ballet  Opera 
Choruses  [1878] .  Sacred  Compositions,  edited 
by  Trinniell,  n.d.  Edited  a  Catholic  Hymn 
Book,  1863,  and  composed  psalms  and  an  thems. 
Part-songs  :  A  king  there  was  in  Thule ;  Let 
us  all  a-Maying  go;  0  who  will  o'er  the  downs 
so  free  ;  Purple  glow  the  forest  mountains ; 
Sing  we  and  chaunt  it ;  Sir  Patrick  Spens 
(10  parts) ;  Bishop  of  Mentz  ;  Hardy  Norse- 
man'w  house  of  yore;  Red  wine  flows  ;  Watch- 
man's song  ;  Winter  song;  Who  shall  win  my 
lady  fair?  etc.  E.ssay  on  Consecutive  Fifths 
and  Octaves  in  Counterpoint,  London,  n.d., 
etc 

Pearsall,  Samuel,  tenor  vocalist,  who 
sang  at  the  Gloucester  Festival  of  1832,  and 
at  Worcester  and  Hereford  at  times  up  to 
1845,  and  was  a  tenor  in  the  choir  of  Lichfield 
Cathedral  for  many  years.  He  sang  at  most 
of  the  provincial  festivals,  and  gave  lectures 


316 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY, 


PEARSON. 

on  musical  subjects,  illustrated  by  the  mem- 
bers of  Lichfield  Cathedral  choir.  Died  at 
Lichfield  in  July,  1883,  at  an  advanced  age. 

Pearson  Arthur,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Staniiinglej',  near  Leeds,  April  22, 
186G.  He  is  organist  at  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Huddcrsfield ;  and  also  Borough  organist. 
His  cantata,  "  The  Promised  Land,"  was 
produced  at  New  Wortley,  November  29, 1885. 
He  has  composed  other  vocal  music,  and  was 
editor  of  TJie  YorlxsJiii-e  Miisicia7i. 

Pearson,  Henry  Hugo.  See  Pierson, 
Henry  Hugo. 

Pearson,  Martin,  composer,  was  born  in 
the  latter  half  of  the  16th  century.  ^Master 
of  the  children  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1604. 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1613.  He  died  in  1650,  and 
left  £100  to  the  poor  of  March,  in  the  Isle 
of  Ely. 

Works. — Private  Musicke,  or  the  first 
Booke  of  Ayres  and  Dialogues,  containing 
Songs  of  4,  5,  and  6  parts  of  severall  sorts,  etc., 
1604.  "  IMottects,  or  grave  chamber  musicke, 
for  voices  and  vials,  with  an  organ  part  which 
may  be  performed  on  virginals,  bass-lute, 
bandora,  or  Irish  harp,"  1030.  Compositions 
in  Leighton's  "  Teares,"  etc. 

Pearson,  William  Webster,  composer 
and  organist,  born  at  Bishop  Auckland, 
September  27,  1839.  Chorister  at  York 
Minster,  under  Dr.  Camidge.  For  many 
years  he  has  been  organist  of  the  Parish 
Church  of  Elmham,  Norfolk,  and  teacher  of 
the  violin  at  the  Norfolk  County  School, 
Dereham ;  also  conductor  of  Dereham  Or- 
chestral Society.  He  has  composed  church 
music,  organ  and  pf.  pieces,  songs,  etc.,  a 
cantata,  "Voices  of  the  Flowers,"  for  ladies' 
voices,  and  a  great  number  of  part-songs, 
among  which  may  be  named.  Blow,  Western 
Wind,  Stars  of  the  Night,  The  Lake,  'Tis 
Morn,  Coral  Grove,  Woods  in  Winter,  The 
Anglers,  and  Autumn  ;  also  a  set  with  orches- 
tral accompaniment :  The  Iron  Horse,  Off  to 
Sea,  Lifeboat,  Ocean,  Ironfounders,  etc. 
Ilumoruus :  A  Ryghte  Merrie  Geste,  Ben 
Bowley,  Carrion  Crow,  etc.  Songs  for  the 
Little  Ones,  Nursery  Rhymes;  many  contribu- 
tions to  Novello's  School  Songs.  Author  of 
Notation  of  Vocal  ^lusic  on  the  principle  of 
the  subst  tution  of  Pitch  ;  and  the  National 
^lethod  of  Vocal  ^lusic  for  Elementary 
Schools,  Manchester,  1874. 

Peattie,  William,  musician,  compiler  of 
"  Selection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes, 
adapted  to  the  various  metres  used  in  the 
principal  churches,  chapels,  and  dissenting 
congregations  in  Scotland  ;  to  which  is  pre- 
fixed a  compendious  introduction,  with  some 
useful  scales  and  examples,  calculated  to 
promote  the  improvement  of  -acred  Music." 
Edinburgh,  Oliver  &  Boyd,  1824,  6th  edit. 

Peck,     James,     music     publisher     and 


PENNA. 

engraver,  established  in  London.  He  edited 
"  Two  Hundred  and  Fifty  Psalm  Tunes  in 
Three  Parts,"  1798 ;  collection  of  Hymn 
Tunes,  Fugues,  and  Odes,  1799,  3  books ; 
Miscellaneous  Collection  of  Sacred  Music, 
j  1809  ;  Beauties  of  Sacred  Harmony,  1824 ; 
I  and  composed  glees,  etc.  He  was  succeeded 
,  in  business  by  his  son  John,  organist  of  St. 
Faith's,  who  isued  in  conjunction  with  his 
brother  Jajies,  jun.  (born  at  London,  1773), 
"  Peck's  Pocket  Arrangement  or  general 
collection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes," 
London,  1833,  3  vols.  The  Union  Tune  Book 
being  a  collection  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes 
adapted  for  use  in  Sunday  schools  and  con- 
gregations ;  to  which  is  prefixed  a  short  intro- 
duction to  singing.     London,  1837. 

Pede,  or  Peed,  Thomas  Thorpe,  com- 
poser, pianist,  and  singer,  born  about  1825. 
Was  a  lecturer  and  teacher.  Died  at  j\Iargate, 
November  9, 1888,  aged  63.  Composed  Waltzes 
for  pf.,  op.  2  [1846]  ;  Quadrilles,  etc.  Songs  : 
Faith  is  over  ;  I  have  not  gold ;  Last  request ; 
Loving  for  aye  ;  Old  Hall  clock. 

Peel,  Rev.  Frederick.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxford,  1872.  He  was  organist  and 
music  master  at  Reading  School,  Berks., 
1871-5 ;  and  is  now  vicar  of  Heslington,  near 
York.  Composer  of  Psalm  145,  for  soli,  chorus 
and  orchestra ;  Anthems,  services,  hymn 
tunes ;  songs  ;  organ  and  pf.  pieces. 

Pegler,  Daniel,  amateur  composer  and 
pianist,  was  well-known  in  the  early  part  of 
the  present  century  as  a  performer  of  ability. 
He  died  at  Colchester,  December  29,  1876. 
Thalberg  considered  Pegler  one  of  the  finest 
semi-professional  pianists  in  England.  He 
had  a  very  wonderful  memory. 

Penna,  Frederic,  baritone  vocalist  and 
writer,  born  in  London,  July  15,  1831.  Pupil 
of  Sir  George  Smart.  He  was  solo  baritone 
at  the  Oratory,  Brompton,  for  ten  years; 
favourably  known  in  the  concert  room ;  and 
appeared  in  opera  for  one  season  at  Her 
Majesty's  Theatre.  He  is  professor  of  singing 
at  the  London  Academy  of  JIusic,  and  widely 
known  as  a  teacher  and  lecturer  on  voice 
training,  etc.  Author  of  an  Essay  on  Singing, 
London,  1878 ;  Vocal  Exercises,  to  illustrate 
his  method,  1888 ;  Lecture,  Mendelssohn's 
portrait  of  "  Elijah,"  musically  painted  :  his 
moral  qualities,  etc.  His  wife,  C.\therisk 
Louis.\  Smith  (died,  London,  December  27, 
1880),  was  an  excellent  soprano  vocalist,  who 
with  her  sister  Julia,  gained  much  reputation 
for  duet  singing.  These  ladies  were  nieces  of 
Catherine  Stephens.  His  daughter,  Cath- 
erine (Mrs.  M.  Hooper),  was  also  a  soprano. 
She  sang  at  the  Saturday  Popular  and 
Philharmon  c  Concerts,  1876;  the  Norwich 
Festival,  etc.,  and  was  in  much  favour  as  a 
vocalist.  Composed  some  songs,  and  organ 
music.     She   died   June   6,   1894.     William 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


317 


PEKCIVAL. 

Penna,  his  son,  baritone,  toured  with  success 
in  the  United  States,  in  1885.  He  died, 
January,  1889. 

Percival,  Samuel,  organist,  flute-player, 
and  composer,  born  in  1824.  He  studied  at 
the  R.A.M.,  London,  and  became  organist  at 
the  School  for  the  Blind,  Liverpool.  Organist 
of  Wallasey  Parish  Church,  and  teacher  in 
Liverpool.  '  He  died  at  Liverpool,  November 
7, 1876.  He  composed  a  Magnificat  and  Nunc 
Dimittis;  a  cantata,  entitled  "The  Lyre," 
op.  7  ;  Sonata  for  pf.  and  flute,  op.  2  :  original 
melodies  for  flute  and  pf. ;  Pf.  music,  songs, 
etc. 

Percy,  John,  composer,  organist,  and 
tenor  vocalist,  was  born  in  1749.  He  died  at 
London,  January  24,  1797.  Little  is  known 
of  this  musician,  and  he  is  only  remembered 
as  the  composer  of  the  ballad,  "  Wapping  Old 
Stairs."  He  also  composed  some  other  works, 
many  of  them  possessing  merit,  among  which 
may  be  named  : — Eight  songs,  with  an  accom- 
paniment for  the  violin,  op.  1  [1781]  ;  Garden 
Scene  from  "Romeo  and  Juliet,"  duet,  op.  2 
[1785]  ;  Six  Arietts,  op.  5  [1786] .  Sotigs : 
Bonny  Seaman;  Captive;  Gaffer  Gray  ;  Hark 
the  horn  calls  away  ;  Soft  as  yon  silver  ray  ; 
Sophrosjiie  ;  Sweet  smells  the  brier ;  When 
Cloe  tried  her  virgin  fires  ;  and  others. 

Perkins,  Charles  William,  organist, 
born  at  Birmingham,  October  4, 1855.  Studied 
the  organ  under  Andrew  Deakin  ;  and  piano- 
forte and  composition  under  Dr.  Heap.  Held 
the  appointment  of  organist  at  Wretham  Road 
Church,  Handsworth,  until  1884,  when  he 
went  to  London  as  assistant  to  Dr.  Bridge, 
at  Westminster  Abbey.  He  studied  with  Dr. 
Bridge  for  some  time,  and  held  appointments 
successively  at  Immanuel  Church,  Streatham 
Common,  and  St.  Michael's,  Paddington.  In 
June,  1888,  he  was  elected  organist  of  Bir- 
mingham Town  Hall,  an  office  he  still  holds. 
He  is  widely  known  as  an  organ  player,  and 
and  has  given  recitals  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
St.  George's  Hall,  Liverpool,  etc. ;  while  his 
services  are  in  great  request  at  organ  open- 
ings. He  gives  weekly  free  recitals  in  the 
Birmingham  Town  Hall,  and  has  introduced 
many  famous  organists  to  the  Birmingham 
public.  He  has  officiated  as  organist  at  the 
Birmingham  Festivals  since  1888. 

Perkins,  Dodd,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  about  1750.  For  many  years  he 
was  organist  of  Wells  Cathedral,  and  num- 
bered among  his  pupils  James  Turle.  He 
died  on  April  9,  1820.  Composer  of  "  Ten 
Songs,  written  by  the  Hon.  F.  SejTnour " 
[1797] .  "  Music,  the  soul  of  melody,"  glee, 
etc. 

Another  Perkins  (a  son  ?),  was  organist  of 
Wells  Cathedral,  as  late  as  1849,  but  particu- 
lars concerning  him  are  wanting. 

Perren,  George,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at 


PETERSON. 

Camberwell,  1827.  Sang  in  concerts  in  Lon- 
don and  the  provinces,  afterwards  going  to 
Milan  to  study  under  Lamperti.  On  his 
return  he  made  his  dehut  at  the  Surrey 
Theatre,  May  28,  1855,  in  the  "Faust"  of 
Meyer  Lutz.  He  appeared  at  the  Sacred  Har- 
monic Society,  January  30,  1856,  in  "Elijah;" 
and  was  heard  at  various  concerts  in  the 
principal  musical  centres,  being  very  popular 
as  a  ballad  singer.  He  took  part  in  the  first 
performance  of  Macfarren's  "  She  Stoops  to 
Conquer,"  at  Drury  Lane,  February  11, 1864  ; 
and  at  times,  up  to  1878,  sang  in  Italian 
Opera,  at  Her  Majesty's  Theatre.  It  is  now 
some  time  since  he  retired  from  the  concert 
platform.  He  composed  a  number  of  songs 
and  ballads. 

Perry,  Clara,  sec  suh.  Davies,  Ben. 

Perronet,  Rev.  Edward,  hymn-writer 
and  composer,  was  born  in  1721.  He  was  a 
colleague  of  John  Wesley,  and  afterwards 
preached  to  the  Countess  of  Huntingdon's 
congregation  at  Canterbury  Died  at  Canter- 
bury, January  8,  1792.  Author  of  "  All  hail 
the  power  of  Jesu's  name,"  the  well-known 
hymn,  and  composer  of  various  hymn  tunes. 

Perrot,  Robert,  see  Porret. 

Perry,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Norwich,  in  1793.  Chorister  in 
Norwich  Cathedral  under  Eeckwith.  Settled 
in  London,  1822.  Director  of  music  in  Hay- 
market  Theatre,  1822.  Organist  of  Quebec 
Chapel.  Leader  of  band  of  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society,  18.32-47,  and  conductor  in  1848.  Or- 
ganist of  Trinity  Church,  Gray's  Inn  Road, 
1846,     He  died  at  London,  March  4,  1862. 

Works. — Overture  to  the  Persian  Hunters, 
1817  ;  Family  Quarrels,  opera  [1830] ;  Morn- 
ing, Noon,  and  Night,  opera,  1822  ;  Elijah 
and  the  Priests  of  Baal,  oratorio,  1818  ;  The 
Fall  of  Jerusalem,  oratorio,  1830  ;  The  Death 
of  Abel,  oratorio  [1846] ;  Belshazzar's  Feast, 
cantata,  1836 ;  Hezekiah,  oratorio,  1847 ; 
Anthems,  etc.  Songs  :  I  will  remember  thee  ; 
Spirit  of  the  storm.  Rondos  and  other  works 
for  pf . 

Peterborough,  Countess  of,  see  Robin- 
son, Anastasia 

Peterson,  Franklin  Sievewright,  or- 
ganist and  writer  on  music,  born  in  Edin- 
burgh, February  24,  1861.  Studied  at  Dres- 
den and  Edinburgh  ;  organ  pupil  of  Carl 
Aug.  Fischer,  Dresden,  1884.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1892.  Organist  and  choir- 
master, Palmerston  Place  Church,  Edin- 
burgh, from  1884.  Music  master,  Edinburgh 
Ladies'  College,  1893,  and  Fettes  College, 
1894.  Lecturer  on  Musical  History  at  Dun- 
dee University  College,  and  in  Edinburgh  and 
St.  Andrews  University  Extension  centres. 
Appointed,  1896,  to  act  with  Professor  Niecks 
as  additional  examiner  for  Music  Scholar- 
ships at  Edinburgh  University,  founded  by 


318 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


PETRIE. 

the  late  Signer  Theophile  Bucher,  whose 
legacy  is  now  at  the  disposal  of  the  Senatus 
3Ir.  Peterson  is  author  of  the  articles  on 
musical  matters  in  the  new  edition  of  Cham- 
hers's  Eucyclopiedia,  and  has  contributed 
important  papers  to  the  Musical  Times,  The 
Monthly  Musical  Record,  and  the  Magazine  of 
Music,  etc.  His  "  Elements  of  Music  " 
(Augeuer,  1896)  reached  a  second  edition  in 
less  than  three  months.  He  has  also  pub- 
lished An  Introduction  to  the  Study  of 
Theory  (Augener,  1897),  some  anthems,  songs, 
And  part-songs,  etc. 

Petrie,  George,  antiquary  and  author, 
born  at  Dublin  in  1789.  He  was  a  painter  in 
Ireland,  and  was  librarian  to  the  Hibernian 
Academy.  Attached  to  the  Irish  Ordnance 
Survey,  and  held  other  appointments.  Died 
at  Dublin,  January  17,  1866.  Compiler  of  the 
Petrie  Collection  of  the  ancient  music  of  Ire- 
land, Dublin,  1855,  vol.  1  and  pp.  l-iS  of  vol. 
2  all  published  ;  and  author  of  an  "  Essay  on 
Music"  in  the  Dublin  Eximiner  of  1816.  His 
collection  of  Irish  music  is  very  valuable. 

Petrie,  Robert,  musician  and  violinist, 
born  at  Kirkmichael,  Perth,  February,  1767. 
He  was  a  teacher,  and  played  at  many  con- 
certs, balls,  etc.  Drowned  when  returning 
home  from  a  party,  in  August,  1830.  He  com- 
posed four  "  Collections  of  Strathspey  Reels 
and  country  dances,  with  a  bass  for  the 
violoncello,"  etc.,  London  and  Edinburgh 
[1790].  The  other  collections  differ  but 
slightly  in  the  titles.  Some  of  these  collec- 
tions had  a  large  circulation,  being  issued  in 
editions  of  over  1,000  to  subscribers.  In  his 
third  collection  the  well-known  air  "  Comin' 
through  the  Rye "  appears  in  its  original 
form  as  the  "  Miller's  daugliter,"  Strathspey, 
and  as  altered  by  John  Watlen  now  forms  the 
melody  usually  sung  with  Burns's  song. 

Pettet,  Alfred,  English  musician,  born 
about  1785  ;  died  about  18-15.  Compiler  of 
Original  Sacred  ilusic,  consisting  of  psalms, 
hymns,  and  anthems  composed  expressly  for 
this  work  bj'  Attwood,  Bishop,  Cramer, 
Crotch,  Goss,  Horslej-,  Shield,  Wesley,  etc..." 
London  [1815] .  Duettinos  and  Trios,  se- 
lected [1840] .  Waltzes,  etc.,  for  pf. ;  songs 
and  other  vocal  music. 

Pettit,  Walter,  violoncello  player,  born 
at  London,  March  14, 1835.  He  studied  at  the 
R.A.M.,  and  was  principal  'cello  at  Philhar- 
monic Society,  H.M.  Theatre,  etc.  He  died  at 
London,  Dec.  11,  1882.  His  son,  William  H. 
Pettit,  is  a  violoncellist  of  repute. 

Pettman,  Edgar,  organist  and  comj)oser, 
born  at  Dunkirk,  near  Faversham,  April  20, 
1866.  Educated  at  R.A.M.  Organist  of  St. 
Matthew's,  New  Kent  Road,  London ;  St. 
James's,  Piccadilly.  He  has  composed  a  can- 
tata, "  The  Nativity,"  produced,  1885,  at  St. 
Matthew's  Church,  and  some  church  music. 


PHILLIPS. 

Pew,  John,  violinist  and  conductor,  was 
born  in  the  first  half  of  the  present  century. 
Appeared  as  violinist  at  concerns,  Leeds,  1854, 
etc.  He  was  for  many  years  associated  with 
the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company  as  chorus 
master  and  assistant  conductor,  and  he  acted 
as  conductor  of  the  English  Opera  Company, 
1877 ;  Valentine  Smith's  Opera  Company, 
1890,  etc.  He  died  at  Manchester,  February 
22, 1890.    Composer  of  dance  music  and  songs. 

Phasey,  Alfred  James,  euphonium 
player.  He  was  originally  an  ophicleide  and 
bass  trombone  plajer  in  the  band  of  the 
Coldstream  Guards,  and  afteiwards  a  member 
of  the  Queen's  private  baud.  For  nearly  25 
years  he  was  a  member  of  the  Crystal  Palace 
orchestra.  He  was  also  bandmaster  of  the 
St.  George's  Rifle  Volunteers.  He  died  at 
Chester,  August  17,  1888.  He  introduced 
many  improvements  on,  and  was  practically 
inventor  of,  the  euphonium.  Author  of 
Instruction  Book  for  the  Euphonium  [1858]  ; 
Popular  Instruction  Book  for  the  Trombone 
[1860]  ;  and  composer  of  fantasias  on  operas 
for  euphonium,  cornet,  etc.  His  son  Alfked 
is  also  a  good  euphonium  player. 

Philipps,  Arthur,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1005.  Clerk  of  New  College,  Oxford, 
1622.  Organist  of  Bristol  Cathedral,  1638; 
^lagdalen  College,  Oxford,  1639.  Choragus 
or  Professor  of  ^lusic  m  Oxford  University, 
1639.  :Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1640.  Organist  to 
Queen  Henrietta  ]\Iaria  of  France,  and,  after 
his  return  to  England,  organist  to  Mr.  Caryll, 
an  Essex  gentleman.  Composed  "The  Re- 
quiem, or  libertv  of  an  imprisoned  Royalist," 
1641;  "  The  Resurrection,"  1649  ;  etc." 

Philipps,  Peter,  Petbus  Philippus, 
compo.ser,  who  was  born  in  England  about 
[1560].  Canon  of  Bethune  in  Flanders. 
Organist  of  vice-regal  chapel  of  the  Governor 
of  the  Low  Countries.  Canon  of  Collegiate 
Church  of  St.  Vincent,  Soignies.  He  died  in 
April,  1625. 

Works. — IMelodia  Olympica  di  diversi 
eccellentissimi  Musici  a  4,  5,  6,  e  8  voci,  1591 
(and  other  editions).  II  Primo  libro  de' 
JIadrigali  a  sei  voci,  1596.  Madrigali  a  otto 
voci,  1598.  II  Secondo  libro  di  ^Madrigali  a 
sei  voci,  1604.  Cantiones  Sacrae,  5  vocum, 
1612.  Gemmulae  Sacrae,  2  e  3  voci,  1613. 
Cantiones  Sacwe  octi  vocum,  1613.  Litaniae, 
1623. 

Phillips,  Adelaide,  contralto  vocalist, 
born  at  Stratford-on-Avon  in  1833.  She  sang 
in  Boston  and  Philadelphia,  and  studied  in 
London  under  Garcia  and  W.  C.  blasters, 
1852 ;  also  in  Italy.  Appeared  in  London, 
Paris,  and  in  United  States  of  America.  She 
died  at  Carlsbad,  October  3,  1882. 

Phillips,  Anna  Maria,  see  Crouch, 
Ann.\  ^Iari.^. 

Phillips,    Henry,   baritone  vocalist  and 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


319 


PHILLIPS. 

writer,  born  at  Bristol,  August  13,  1801.  He 
sang  in  chorus  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  and 
studied  under  Broadhurst,  and  Sir  G.  Smart. 
Sang  at  the  English  Opera  House  ;  at  the 
Lenten  Oratorios;  in  Arne's  "  Artaxerxcs," 
1824;  "  Der  Freischutz,"  1824;  at  the  Provin- 
cial Festivals,  etc.  He  appeared  in  America, 
in  1844.  Retired,  in  1863.  He  died  at  Dalston, 
London,  November  8,  1876.  His  daughters 
Alice  and  Florence  were  vocalists. 

Works. — Adventures  in  America,  an  enter- 
tainment [1845] .  The  True  Enjoyment  of 
Angling,  1843.  Hints  on  IMusical  Declama- 
tion. London,  1848  ;  Birmingham  edit.,  n.d. 
Musical  and  Personal  Recollections  during 
Half-a-Century.  London,  1864,  2  vols.  Songs  : 
Best  of  all  good  company  ;  Emigrant  ship  ; 
Farmer's  daughter  of  Berkshire ;  Terence 
Macarthy;  Voyage  through  life ;  Woman,  etc. 
He  also  issued  an  edition  of  Dibdin's  Songs, 
1859. 

Phillips,  Louisa,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
at  Bath.  Studied  at  the  Conservatoire,  Paris, 
under  Eugene  Crosti  and  Jules  Barbot.  IMade 
her  debtit  at  Colston  Hall,  Bristol,  at  Mv. 
Riseley's  Concerts,  December  4,  1882  ;  sung 
at  the  Monday  Popular  Concerts,  London, 
1884 ;  and  has  given  concerts  at  Princes'  Hall, 
and  appeared  with  success  at  the  principal 
concerts  up  to  the  present  time. 

Phillips^  Thomas,  tenor  vocalist,  lecturer 
and  composer,  born  in  I^ondoji,  1774.  Member 
of  a  Monmouthshire  family.  Lectured  and 
sang  at  concerts  during  his  lifetime.  Made 
his  debut  at  Covent  Garden,  as  Philip  in  the 
"  Castle  of  Andalusia,"  1796.  Author  of 
"Elementary  Principles  and  Practices  for 
Singing,"  London  [18-30].  Composer  of  a  few 
songs,  part-songs  and  glees,  Crows  in  a  corn- 
field ;  Faded  wreath  ;  Why  tarries  my  love, 
etc.  He  also  compiled  "The  Mentor's  Harp," 
moral  ballads  by  T.  H.  Bayly  ;  "  Improved 
Psalmody  for  the  Church  and  the  Chamber." 
Also  an  arrangement  of  Linley's  "  Duenna." 
He  was  accidentally  killed  at  Hartford, 
Cheshire,  while  leaving  or  entering  a  train  in 
motion,  October  27,  1841. 

Phillips,  William  Lovell,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  at  Bristol,  December  26,  1816. 
Chorister  in  Bristol  Cathedral.  He  studied 
under  C.  Potter  at  R.A.M.,  and  became  Pro- 
fessor of  composition  there.  He  studied  the 
violoncello  under  Lindley.  Member  of  orchestra 
of  H.  M.  Theatre,  Philharmonic  Society,  and 
Sacred  Harmonic  Society.  Conductor  at 
Olympic  Theatre ;  Princess'  Theatre.  Organist 
of  St.  Catherine's  Church,  Regent  Park,  etc. 
He  died  at  London,  March  19,  1860. 

Works. — Borrowing  a  husband,  farce 
[1844] .  Offertory  Sentences  set  to  music. 
Symphony  in  F  minor ;  Cantata.  So7igs :  Lady 
mine  ;  Ivy  green  ;  The  sleeping  beauty  ; 
Longings  ;     The  old  ballad  ;     Pearls  of   the 


PHIPPS. 

ocean;  Voice  of  songs  ;  Christmas  rose;  Eng- 
land's hope  and  pride  ;  One  word  ;  Sentry  ; 
What  must  I  sing  you  ?  ;  Songs  of  summer. 
New  and  complete  instructions  for  the  violon- 
cello.    London,  n.d 

Phillipson,  Wentworth,  author  of 
"  Guide  to  Young  Pianoforte  teachers  and 
students,  with  analysis  of  examples,  etc., 
London   [1872],  2   editions. 

Philp,  Elizabeth,  vocal  composer,  born 
at  Falmouth,  in  1827.  She  studied  music 
under  Garcia,  Marchesi,  and  F.  Hiller.  She 
died  at  London,  November  26,  1885.  Com- 
poser of  a  number  of  meritorious  songs,  etc., 
of  which  the  following  is  a  select  list : — 

Works. — Songs  :  Bye  and  Bye  ;  Dolly  ; 
Fisherman's  story  ;  Forgiven  ;  Golden  past ; 
Hop-pickers ;  I  love  him  more  than  I  can 
say ;  Love  that's  never  told  ;  My  head  is  like 
to  rend  ;  Oh  !  why  not  be  happy ;  Poacher's 
Widow  ;  River  ran  between  them  ;  'Tis  all 
that  I  can  say ;  'Tis  wine;  Violets  of  the  Spring; 
Wrecked  hope.  Part-songs,  various.  How  to 
sing  an  English  Ballad,  London,  1883 
[Reprint],  etc. 

Philpot,  John,  double-bass  player,  was 
born  in  1759.  He  was  for  more  than  fifty 
years  a  member  of  the  orchestra  of  Bath,  and 
as  a  double-bass  player  was  considered  second 
only  to  Dragonetti.  He  died  at  Bath,  January 
26,  1843.  He  was  the  father  of  Mrs.  Anderson, 
the  pianist. 

Philpot,  Lucy,  See  Anderson,  Lucy. 

Philpot  Stephen,  musician  and  author, 
wrote  "  An  Introduction  to  the  art  of  playing 
on  the  violin  on  an  entirely  new  plan." 
London,  [1767] ;  "  Six  capital  lessons  for  the 
Harpsichord  or  Pianoforte."      [1784]. 

Philpot,  Stephen  Rowland,  composer. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.,  under  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren. 
His  works  include  the  operas,  "  Dante  and 
Beatrice,"  produced  November  25,  1889  ; 
"  Zelica,"  December  17, 1890,  in  concert  form, 
both  at  Gresham  Hall,  Brixton  ;  Also  "  La 
Gitana,"  one  act  opera,  1896.  He  has  also 
written  pieces  for  pf.  and  strings  ;  songs,  etc. 

Phipps,  Alexander  James,  composer 
and  conductor,  of  Liverpool.  Studied  under 
W.  H.  Holmes  and  C.  Steggall,  at  R.A.M. 
Has  given  chamber  concerts  in  that  city,  and 
is  conductor  of  Opera  and  Oratorio  Societies. 
Organist  of  St.  James',  Swansea,  1866 ;  now 
of  St.  John's,  Bootle,  in  which  Church  was 
produced  his  "  Meditation  on  the  Passion," 
for  chorus  and  organ,  1893.  He  has  composed 
an  oratorio,  "  The  Ten  Virgins  " ;  an  opera, 
"  Thea,  or  Solomon's  Treasure  '  ;  songs,  and 
other  works.  Author  of  "  Comprehensive 
Guide  to  the  study  of  Music,"  London  [1874] . 

Phipps,  Thomas  Blomer,  musician  and 
author,  born  Loudon,  January  30,  1796  ;  died 
London,  February  17,  1849.  Son  of  one  of 
the  partners  of  the  firm  of  Goulding,  Phipps, 


320 


BKITIbH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY, 


PHIPSON. 

and  D'Alniiiiiie.  He  wrote  "Guida  de  Cliitarra, 
or  complete  book  of  instrugtioiis  for  the 
Spanish  Guitar  . .  London,  u.d.  ;  Shakespeare 
musical  wreath  [18401 ;  Pleasures  of  Harmony, 
airs  for  pf.  ;  Six  Royal  Scotch  Polkas  ;  num- 
erous "  recollections,"  arrangements,  etc.,  for 
pf.  ;  Songs,  and  other  vocal  music. 

Phipson,  T.  L.,  amateur  mi;siciau  and 
physician  in  London,  author  of  "  Biographical 
sketches  and  anecdotes  of  celebrated  Violin- 
ists," London,  1877.  "  Bellini  and  the  Opera 
of  La  Sonmiinbula,"  London,  1880.  "  Famous 
Violinists  and  fine  Violins :  historical  notes, 
anecdotes  and  reminiscences,"  London,  IS'JG. 
Dr.  Pliipson  was  at  one  time  president  and 
solo  violinist  of  the  Bohemian  Orchestral 
Society.  He  translated  De  Beriot's  "  M6thode 
de  Violon,"  and  wrote  "  Some  mysteries  of 
nature,"  London,  187G ;  The  storm  and  its 
portents,  1878  ;  Meteors,  aerolites  and  falling 
stars,  1SG6  ;  and  other  works. 

Pickard,  J.,  author  of  "  Modulation  exem- 
plified by  a  grand  tabular  view  of  the  prep- 
arations of  all  the  notes  of  tlie  octaves," 
London  [18.35].  Composer  of  "Thirty  ap- 
proved and  fashionable  airs  for  the  violon- 
cello," London  [182.5] , '2  books. 

Pickering,  John,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  London,  May  23,  1792.  He  studied 
with  Domenico  Corri,  and  in  1812  settled  as  a 
teacher  in  Preston.  Afterwards,  in  1817,  he 
settled  in  Mancliester,  where  lie  attained  a 
high  position  as  a  teacher  and  pianist.  He 
died  at  Manchester,  November  6,  184.3.  Com- 
poser of  much  pianoforte  music  and  of  music 
for  the  cliurch. 

Pickering,  Thomas,musician  and  author, 
born  at  London,  July  4,  17'JG.  He  was  an 
associate  of  the  Novellos,  Horsleys,  and  other 
musical  families,  and  a  man  of  remarkable 
literary  and  musical  attainments.  One  of 
the  founders  of  the  Royston  Mechanics'  In- 
stitute, wliere  Charles Cowden  Clarke  delivered 
bis  first  lee  iUre.  He  formed  classes  for  the 
study  of  music,  and  was  president  and  con- 
ductor of  the  Royston  Choral  Society.  He 
died  at  Royston,  May  1,  187G. 

Piercy,  Henry  Ralph,  tenor  vocalist, 
born  at  Birmingham.  Came  into  notice 
locally  about  1879.  Went  to  London  and 
studied  under  J.  B.  Welch,  and  from  1882 
attracted  favourable  notice.  He  sang  at 
the  Bristol  Festival,  1885 ;  Wolverhampton 
Festival,  1886 ;  Birmingham,  1888,  in  Dvorak's 
Stabat  Mater,  etc. ;  and  Leeds,  1889.  He  has 
been  heard  at  the  principal  concerts  in  the 
United  Kingdom,  and  has  won  an  honourable 
position  among  singers  of  the  day.  He  is  a 
member  of  tlie  Temple  Cliurch  Choir. 

Piercy,  Rosetta,  violinist  and  soprano 
vocalist,  born  at  Birmingham,  November  29, 
1838.  Received  her  first  lessons  on  the  violin 
from  James  Hyde,  a  local  professor,  and  was 


PIERSON. 

afterwards  for  some  years  a  pupil  of  Henry 
Hayward,  of  Wolverhampton,  at  one  of  whose 
concerts  she  made  her  debut.  As  solo  violinist 
and  vocalist  she  was  frequently  heard  at 
concerts  in  the  principal  Midland  towns ; 
and  was  a  regular  contributor  to  the  IMonday 
Popular  Concerts  given  in  the  Town  Hall  by 
the  late  James  Stimpson,  and  was  one  of  tlie 
party  engaged  when  Madame  Patey  made 
her  debut.  She  retired  from  the  profession 
on  lier  marriage,  in  18G1,  with  Mr.  Alfred 
Feeny,  a  journalist,  formerly  of  liondon  ;  for 
some  time  musical  critic,  and  later  an  assis- 
tant editor  of  the  Dirmiughani  iJaihj  Post. 

Pierpoint,  Bantock,  baritone  vocalist, 
born  at  Runcorn,  Cheshire,  August  8,  1856. 
Sang  in  Prescot  Parish  Church  when  a  boy. 
Was  organist  for  some  time  at  the  Independ- 
ent Chapel,  Runcorn,  and  sang  at  concerts  as 
an  amateur  tenor,  being  occupied  in  business. 
His  first  vocal  instructor  was  ilr.  W.  I.  Argent, 
of  Liverpool,  and  lie  afterwards  studied  at  the 
R. A.M.,  and  Guildhall  School  of  Music,  under 
M.  Visetti,  eventually  becoming  a  private 
pupil  of  Mr.  W.  Shakespeare,  his  voice  settling 
to  a  baritone  of  exceptional  compass.  He 
sang  at  various  concerts  in  London,  Bu'ming- 
hani,  and  other  places,  but  his  first  great 
opportunity  was  at  a  concert  of  the  Sacred 
Harmonic  Society,  December  8,  1887,  when 
(owing  to  the  illness  of  Mr.  Watkin  IMills)  he 
took  the  part  of  Lucifer  in  tlie  "  Golden 
Legend"  at  a  few  hours'  notice.  He  first 
sang  at  the  Bristol  Festival  in  1890,  in  Parry's- 
"Juditli,"  and  lias  fulfilled  engagements  at 
the  Norwich,  Chester,  and  Cheltenham  Festi- 
vals. He  is  a  member  of  the  Royal  Society 
of  Musicians,  and  an  Associate  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society. 

Joseph  Pierpoint,  no  relation,  was  a  tenor 
singer,  and  a  member  of  several  English  Opera 
Companies.  He  died  at  Preston,  June  17, 
1887,  aged  forty. 

Pierson,  Henry,  Hugo,  or  Pearson, 
composer,  born  at  Oxford,  April  12,  1816. 
Educated  at  Harrow  and  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge.  He  studied  music  under  Attwood 
and  Corfe,  in  England ;  Rink,  Tomaschek, 
and  Reissiger  in  Germany.  Professor  of 
Music  in  Edinburgh  University,  1844.  Married 
to  Caroline  Leonhardt.  Resided  mostly  in 
Germany.  He  died  at  Leipzig,  January  28, 
1873,  and  is  buried  at  the  family  burying 
place  at  Sonning,  Berks. 

Works. — Oratorios  :  Jerusalem,  Norwich 
Festival,  1852 ;  London,  1853.  Hezekiah, 
Norwich.  1869.  Music  to  Second  Part  of 
Goethe's  " Faust,"  Hamburg,  1854.  Operas.- 
Contarini,  Hamburg,  1872  ;  Leila,  Hamburg, 
1848;  Sympliony,  Macbeth,  op.  54.  Overtures: 
"  As  you  like  it  "  ;  "  Romeo  and  Juliet,"  op. 
86;  "Julius  Caesar";  Romantique.  Salve 
.Sternum,  a  Roman  dirge,  op.  30,  1858 ;    Der 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


321 


PIGGOTT. 

Elfensieg.  Six  romances  for  voice  and  pf . ; 
Six  songs  for  voice  and  pf. ;  Elegies,  do.  ; 
Lieder,  various ;  Ye  Mariners  of  England, 
part-song  ;  Hurrah  for  Merry  England ;  Now 
the  bright  morning  star.  Blessed  are  the 
dead,  anthem ;  Ave  Maria.  Office  of  the  Holy 
Communion  set  to  music  [1870] .  Thirty 
Hymn  Tunes,  1870;  2nd  series,  1872.  Te 
Deums,  etc. 

Piggott,  Francis,  organist  and  composer, 
born  about  the  middle  of  the  17th  century. 
He  was  organist  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1686-87;  of  Temple  Church,  London,  1688; 
and  of  Chapel  Royal  in  1697.  In  1695  he  was 
appointed  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal, 
and  in  1698  he  was  Mus.  Bac,  Cantab.  He 
died  in  May,  1704.  Composer  of  anthems  ; 
"  Choice  Collection  of  Ayres  for  the  harpsi- 
chord, by  Blow,  F.  Piggott,  etc.,"  1700. 

Pilkington,  Francis,  composer  and  luten- 
ist  of  the  16th  and  17th  centuries.  He  was 
a  chorister  in  Chester  Cathedral,  and  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxou.,  1595.  He  published  First  Booke 
of  Songs  or  Ayres  of  4  Parts,  with  tablature 
for  the  lute  or  orpharion,  with  the  violl  da 
gamba,  1605;  First  Set  of  Madrigals  and 
Pastorals  of  3,  4,  and  5  Parts,  161-3  ;  Second 
Set  of  Madrigals  and  Pastorals  of  3,  4,  5,  and 
6  Parts,  apt  for  Violl  and  Voyce,  1624. 

Pilling,  Samuel  Wilkinson,  amateur 
organist  and  authority  on  organ  construction, 
born  at  Bolton-le-Moors,  18.56.  Educated  at 
Victoria  College,  Manchester ;  received  his 
musical  training  under  S.  B.  Whiteley,  and 
J.  Dobson,  of  Southport,  and  later  under  J. 
Kendrick  Pyne,  of  IManchester.  Has  given 
many  organ  recitals  in  different  parts  of  the 
country,  and  appeared  at  the  Bow  and  Brom- 
ley Institute,  December  2,  1882,  and  is  also 
known  as  an  occasional  lecturer  upon  matters 
referring  to  the  organ.  Many  improvements 
in  organ  construction  have  been  initiated  by 
him,  and  he  has  designed  and  opened  upwards 
of  one  hundred-and-thirty  organs  in  various 
localities.  He  has  an  exceptionally  fine  four- 
manual  organ  in  the  music-room  of  his  resi- 
dence. The  Hagg,  Mirfield,  which  was  opened 
by  Jules  Grison,  of  Rheims,  November  30, 
1887,  and  upon  which  many  distinguished 
organists  have  given  recitals.  Mr.  Pilling  is 
by  profession  a  Civil  Engineer  and  Railway 
Contractor,  succeeding  to  the  business  of  his 
father,  Abraham  Pilling,  J.P.,  late  of  Bolton. 

Pillow,  John  William  Davis,  conduc- 
tor and  organist,  born  at  Chichester,  in  1851. 
Chorister  at  Chichester  Cathedral,  and  or- 
ganist of  St.  Pancras,  Chichester,  when  13. 
Articled  pupil  of  E.  H.  Thome.  In  1869  he 
was  appointed  to  All  Saints',  Portsmouth, 
and  in  1880  founded  the  Portsmouth  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  which  has  given  many 
excellent  concerts.  In  1889  he  accepted  the 
post  of  organist  at  the  new  Parish  Church  of 


PITTMAN. 

St.  Mary,  Portsea.     He  is  a  leading  member 
of  the  local  Masonic  brotherhood. 
Pinto,  George  Frederick,  or  Saunders, 

violinist  and  composer,  born  in  Lambeth, 
London,  September,  25,  1786.  Grandson  of 
Thomas  Pinto.  He  studied  under  Salomon, 
and  performed  at  the  principal  Loudon  and 
provincial  concerts  ;  and  appeared  in  Scot- 
land with  great  success,  1802.  He  died  at 
Chelsea,  London,  March  23,  1806. 

Works. — Six  Canzonets  for  voice  and  pf., 
Birmingham  [1805] ;  Four  Canzonets  and  a 
sonata,  edited,  with  preface,  by  S.  Wesley, 
Edinburgh  [1807] ;  Canzonets,  edited  by  T. 
Oliphant  [1840] ;  Three  Duets  for  two  violins 
obligato,  op.  5  ;  Three  Sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  4  ; 
Three  Sonatas  for  pf.  and  violin  [1805] ;  other 
vocal  and  instrumental  works. 

Pinto,  Thomas,  violinist,  born  in  Eng- 
land, of  Italian  parents,  early  in  the 
eighteenth  century.  He  performed  at  pro- 
vincial festivals,  and  at  King's  Theatre,  Lon- 
don. Resided  successively  in  Edinburgh  and 
Ireland.  Married  to  Miss  Brent,  the  vocalist. 
He  died  in  Ireland,  in  1773. 

His  second  wife.  Miss  Charlotte  Brent, 
whom  he  married  in  1766,  was  a  famous 
soprano  vocalist,  and  appeared  as  a  concert 
vocalist  for  many  years  in  London  and  else- 
where, from  1758.  She  died  in  London,  April 
10,  1802. 

Pitman,  Ambrose,  musician  and  minor 
poet,  born  1763.  Musician  in  London.  Died, 
London, in  1817. 

Works. — Three  favourite  Amorosos  for 
voice  and  pf.,  op.  6  [1795] ;  Laura,  a  sonnet 
from  Petrarch  (?  Metastasio),  1795.  So7igs  : 
Gaffer  Gray  ;  lo  !  Triumphe  ;  IMarian's  com- 
plaint ;  The  Robin,  etc.  Beauties  of  D.  Scar- 
latti, selected  by  Ambrose  Pitman  [1780]; 
Eugenic,  or  the  man  of  sorrow,  by  a  young 
gentleman  of  seventeen,  London,  1780;  The 
Miseries  of  Musick  Masters,  a  serio-comick 
dramatick  poem,  London,  1815. 

Pitt,  Percy,  composer,  of  present  time. 
Studied  in  Germany  under  Reineeke,  Jadas- 
sohn, and  Rheinberger.  Composer  of  a 
Coronation  March  ;  Suite,  "  Fetes  Galante," 
both  performed  at  the  Queen's  Hall,  1896 ;  and 
other  pieces  for  orchestra.  Three  Romantic 
pieces,  op.  18,  'cello  and  pf.  ;  Bagatelle,  violin 
and  pf.  ;  Modern  Suite,  pf.      Songs,  etc. 

Pitt,  Thomas,  nmsician,  of  latter  part  of 
18th  century,  who  was  appointed  organist  of 
Worcester  Cathedral  in  1793.  Composer  of 
"  Church  Music,  consisting  of  Te  Deum  and 
jubilate,  etc."     Worcester,  1788-89,  2  vols. 

Pittman,  Josiah,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  September  3,  1816.  He 
studied  under  S.  S.  Weslej',  Moscheles  and 
Schnyder  von  Wartensee.  Organist  succes- 
sivelv  at  Sydenham,  1831  ;  Spitalficlds, 
1835-47;    Lincoln's   Inn,   1852-64.      He   was 

U 


322 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


PITTS. 

accompanist  at  Her  Majesty's  Theatre  from  j 
18G5  to  1868,  and  at  the  Roval  Italian  Opera, 
Covent    Garden,    1808-1880.         He    died    at 
London,  April  23, 188G. 

Works. — The  People  in  the  Church,  their 
Bights  and    Duties  in   connection  with   the 
Poetry  and  !Music  of  the  Book  of  Common  j 
Prayer,  London,  1858.      The  People   in  the  ^ 
Cathedral ;    a  letter  to  the  very  Rev.  Henry  \ 
Hart  Milnian,  D.D.,  London,  1857.     Songs  of 
Scotland,  edited  (with  Colin  BrowTi).     Songs 
from   the   Operas,   2   vols,    (edited).        Royal 
Edition  of  Operas,  edited  with  Sir  A.  Sullivan 
(Boosey).       Callcott's     Grammar    of     Music  [ 
(edited),  London,  n.d. 

Pitts,   William  John,   organist,  born  at 
Tansor,  near  Oundle,  April  17, 1829.     Organist 
at  Elton,   Huntingdonshire  when    fourteen  ; 
and  when  the  Oratory  at  Kensington,  London,  , 
was  founded  he  was  appointed  organist,  and 
has  been  actively  engaged  in  his  duties  for  55  , 
years.     Composer  of  the  hymn  tuaie  known  as 
"  Princethorpe,"  and  some  other  vocal  music.  ] 
His  father  was  an  organ  builder,  and  he  had 
two  brothers  organists,  James  Pitts,  formerly  I 
of  the  R.  C.  Church  at  Brook  Green,  Hammer- 
smith ;    and  John  Pitts,  formerly  organist  to 
the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  Arundel.     Both  are  now 
deceased.      John  and  Euxest  Pitts,  sons  of 
the  last  named,  are  pianists,  and  have  gained 
some  reputation  on  the  concert  platform,  from 
1887  onwards. 

Place,  Gertrude,  author  of  "A  Catechism 
of  Music  for  the  use  of  young  children," 
London,  1856. 

Plaisted,  Philip,  organist,  born  at  Mus- 
■well  Hill,  Middlesex,  1837.  Went  with  his 
parents  to  Australia  in  1857.  Returned  to 
London  and  became  a  pupil  of  George  Cooper, 
E.  J.  Hopkins,  and  W.  H.  Monk,  1863-5. 
Held  the  post  of  organist  at  St.  Stephen's, 
Richmond,  and  other  churches  in  Melbourne. 
Was  organist  of  the  Melbourne  Philharmonic 
Society,  and  gave  Saturday  Evening  Concerts. 
In  May,  1SS9,  he  became  insane,  and  is  living 
still  in  that  unhappj'  condition.  A  Miss 
Grace  Pi.aisted  sang  in  English  opera,  in 
Melbourne,  1883-4. 

Plant,  Arthur  Blurton,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Lichfield,  May  12,  1853. 
Was  a  chorister  at  the  Cathedral  for  seven 
years,  and  then  articled  pupil  of  the  organist, 
Thomas  Bedsmore.  Passed  examination  for 
F.R.C.O.,  1875  ;  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1882  ; 
Mus.  Doc,  1896,  Oxford.  In  1874,  he  was 
appointed  organist  and  choirmaster  of  St. 
Paul's,  Burton-on-Trent,  and,  in  1895, 
Borough  organist,  both  of  which  positions  he 
still  holds.  An  able  executant,  he  has  given 
organ  recitals  at  the  Bow  and  Bromley 
Institute,  and  elsewhere.  His  compositions 
include  a  setting  of  Psalm  13,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra  ;  Sonata  in  C  ;  six  Sonatinas  ; 


PLAYFORD. 

Concert  Fugue  ;    and    other  pieces  for  the 

organ,  etc.,  etc. 

Piatt,  Edward,  composer  and  horn- 
player,  was  born  on  June  11,  1793;  died  at 
Stirling,  June  27,  1861.  For  many  years  a 
member  of  the  Philharmonic,  Opera,  and 
other  orchestras  ;  and  played  at  the  Three 
Choirs'  Festivals  for  twenty  years.  Retired 
from  the  profession  in  1849,  owing  to  loss  of 
teeth.  The  late  Sir  Michael  Costa  considered 
him  without  an  equal  for  tone  and  "  singing  " 
on  the  horn.  Author  of  an  Instruction  Book 
for  the  Pianoforte,  and  composer  of  songs, 
"  ISly  Bonnie,  Blythesome  Mary,"  etc.,  and 
pf.  music. 

Piatt,  Robert,  musician.  Author  of  a 
"  New,  Easy,  and  Correct  System  of  Vocal 
Music :  a  Practical  Manual  of  Singing  at 
Sight."     London,  1847. 

Piatt,  Samuel  Radcliffe,  a  wealthy  and 
distinguished  amateur  musician,  of  Werneth 
Park,  near  Oldham.  He  maintains  a  complete 
orchestra  of  45  performers,  he  himself  playing 
first  oboe.  Concerts  are  given  under  the 
direction  of  Dr.  Marsden  (q.v.),  and  a  choir 
has  at  times  been  employed.  His  library  of 
classical  and  modern  orchestral  music, 
numbers  over  1,000  works.  The  organ  in  St. 
Thomas'  Church,  Wen  eth,  was  his  gift.  It 
has  four  manuals,  and  cost  i3,000.  He  is  a 
member  and  trustee  of  the  Manchester  Royal 
College  of  Music  ;  and  founder  and  President 
of  the  Oldham  School  of  Music.  Deputy 
Lieutenant,  J. P.  for  the  County,  and  High 
Sheriff,  1897. 

I      Platts,  James,  composer,  of  latter  part  of 

I  last  and  early  part  of  present  century.  He 
composed  a  large  number  of  country  dances, 
cotillons,  strathsjieys,  reels,  quadrilles,  med- 
leys, waltzes,   etc.,   for  pf.  or  harp,  between 

'  1785  and  1815 ;  also  six  Rondos  for  the  harp 

j  orpf.,  with  accompaniment  for  the  tamborino ; 
songs,  etc. 

Playford,  John,  composer  and  music- 
publisher,  was  born  in  London,  in  1623. 
Established  a  music-selling  and  publishing 
business,  in  the  Inner  Temple,  London. 
Clerk  of  the  Temple  Church,  1653.  He  died 
at  Loudon,  in  1693. 

Works. — An  Introduction  to  the  Skill  of 

j  Musick,  in  two  books.  To  which  is  added  the 
Art  of  Descant,  by  Dr.  Thomas  Campion,  and 
Annotations   thereon   by   Mr.    Chr.  Simpson 

I  .  .  .  (?  2ud  edit.),  London,  1655.  (An 
earlier   edition    ^1654]    is   noted   in    Grove's 

j  "  Dictionary  of    Music,"    as  having  been  in 

I  the  possession  of  Dr.  Rimbault,  and  the  only 
known  copy).  3rd  edit.,  1660;  an  unnumbered 
edit.,  1662 ;  4th  edit.,  with  portrait,  1664 ; 
unnumbered  editions  in  1667, 1670  ;  6th  edit., 
portrait,  1672;  7th  edit.,  with  the  Order  of 
Performing  the  Divine  Service  in  Cathedrals 

I  and  CoUegeate  Chapels,  portrait,  1674  ;    8th 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


323 


PLAYFORD. 

edit.,  portrait,  1679  ;  9th  edit.  (?)  ;  10th  edit. 
<to  which  is  added  as  a  third  book  in  place  of 
Campion's  treatise,  "  A  brief  Introduction  to 
the  Art  of  Descant,  or  Composing  Music  in 
Parts,"  ascribed  in  future  editions  to  Henry 
Purcell),  portrait,  1683 ;  11th  edit.,  port, 
1687  ;  12th  edit.,  port,  1694  ;  1.3th  edit.,  port, 
1697  ;  14th  edit.,  port,  1700  ;  15th  edit.,  port, 
170.3  ;  16th  edit.,  port,  171.3  ;  17th  edit.,  port, 
1718  ;  18th  edit.,  port,  1724  ;  19th  edit.,  port, 
1730.  Psalms  and  hymns  in  Solemn  Musick 
of  foure  parts  on  the  Common  Tunes  to  the 
Psalms  in  Metre  .  .  .  London,  1671. 
The  Whole  Book  of  Psalms,  with  the  usual 
Hymns  and  Spiritual  Sougs,  etc.,  composed 
in  three  p  rts,  London  (?);  other  editions, 
2nd,  169.5,  1697  ;  6th,  1700  ;  7th,  1701 ;  8th, 
1702  ;  9th,  1707  ;  10th,  1709  ;  13th,  1715  ; 
19th,  1738 ;  20th,  1757.  A  Paraphrase  upon 
the  Psalms  of  David,  by  George  Sandys.  Set 
to  new  tunes,  for  private  devotion,  by  Henry 
Lawes.  Revised  and  corrected  by  John 
Playford,  London,  1676.  The  Musical  Com- 
panion, in  two  books.  The  first  book  con- 
taining catches  and  rounds  for  three  voyces, 
the  second  containing  dialogues,  glees,  ayres, 
and  songs  for  two,  three,  and  four  voyces, 
London,  1673.  A  Booke  of  New  Lessons,  for 
the  Cythern  and  Gittern,  Loudon,  1652. 
Musick's  Recreation  on  the  Viol,  Lyra-way  ; 
iDeing  a  choice  collection  of  Lessons  .  .  . 
etc.,  London,  2nd  edit.,  1682.  In  Locke's 
"  Present  Practice  of  Musick  Vindicated," 
1673,  is  "  A  Letter  from  John  Playford  to  Mr. 
T.  Silmon,"  in  which  he  espouses  Locke's 
cause  to  the  disadvantage  of  Salmon.  Pub- 
lications, various  :  Hilton's  Catch  that  catch 
■can  ;  or  a  choice  collection  of  catches,  rounds, 
and  canons  for  three  and  four  voyces,  1652  ; 
Select  Musical  Ayres  and  Dialogues,  in  three 
books,  for  one,  two,  and  three  voyces  .  .  . 
by  sundry  composers  (composed  by  Wilson, 
Colman,  Lawes,  etc.),  1653;  another  edition, 
1659 ;  Choice  Ayres,  Songs,  and  dialogues  to 
be  sung  to  the  theorbo  ...  5  books, 
1676-84 ;  The  English  Dancing  Master  :  or 
Plaine  and  Easie  Rules  for  the  Dancing 
of  Country  Dances,  London,  1651  ;  2nd 
edit.,  1657;  3rd  edit.,  1665;  and  numerous 
other  editions  to  1728 ;  Musick's  delight  on 
the  Cithern,  1666 ;  also  published  works  of 
Lawes  ;  Court  Ayres  ;  and  most  of  the  im- 
portant music  books  of  the  period. 

Playford,  Henry,  publisher,  second  sou 
of  the  foregoing,  born  in  London,  May  5, 
1657.  Succeeded  to  his  father's  business  in 
1685,  which  he  carried  on  for  a  time  in  com- 
pany with  Robert  Carr,  but  afterwards  alone 
at  the  Temple  Change,  Fleet  Street.  He 
died  at  London  [1710].  His  principal  publi- 
cations consist  of  the  Theater  of  Music  ;  or  a 
choice  collection  of  the  newest  and  best  songs 
sung  at  the  Court,  etc.    The  words  composed 


PLUMSTEAD. 

by  the  most  ingenious  wits  of  the  age,  and 
set  to  music  by  the  greatest  masters. ..Lond., 
4  books,  1685-87.  Banquet  of  Musick :  a 
collection  of  the  newest  and  best  songs  sung 
at  Court,  6  books,  1688-92.  Pleasant  Musical 
Companion,  being  a  choice  collection  of 
catches  for  three  and  four  voices  ;  published 
chiefly  for  the  encouragement  of  the  Musical 
Societies,  which  will  be  speedily  set  up  in  all 
the  chief  cities  and  towns  in  England,  1701 ; 
5th  edit.,  1709.  A  Collection  of  Original 
Scotch  Tunes  (full  of  the  Highland  Humours) 
for  the  Violin :  being  the  first  of  this  kind 
yet  printed  :  most  of  them  being  in  the  com- 
pass of  the  Fli'te,  London,  1700.  He  also 
published  Purcell's  "  Ten  Sonatas,"  in  four 
parts."  4  vols.,  1697;  Purcell's  "Orpheus 
Britannicus,"  1698-1702;  Blow's  "  Amphion 
Anglicus,"  1700,  etc.  He  also  published  a 
work  which  went  through  a  number  of  editions, 
viz.,  "  Harmonia  Sacra ;  or  Divine  Hymns 
and  Dialogues,  with  a  Thorow-bass,  etc.," 
London,  1687-93;  3rd  edit.,  with  "four  ex- 
cellent hymns  of  the  late  Mr.  Henry  Purcell, 
never  before  printed,"  1726. 

His  younger  brother,  John  (b.  1665,  d. 
1686),  carried  on  the  business  of  music 
printer,  and  reprinted  some  of  his  father's 
works.  For  some  years  he  was  in  partner- 
ship with  the  widow  of  William  Godbid,  a  well- 
known  Loudon  music-printer,  who  executed 
much  work  for  John  Playford,  senior. 

Pleasants,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser of  tlie  17th  century.  In  1676  he  be- 
came organist  of  Norwich  Cathedral.  He 
composed  some  sacred  and  secular  vocal 
music. 

Plumridge,  Henry,  organist  and  com- 
poser, graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1871 ;  Mus.  Doc, 
1888,  Oxford.  He  is  organist  of  University 
College,  and  the  City  Church,  Oxford ;  and 
the  composer  of  an  oratorio,  "  Daniel,"  1888 ; 
"God  came  from  Teman,"  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra ;  anthems,  etc. 

Plumpton,  Alfred,  composer  and  con- 
ductor of  present  time.  About  1875  he  was 
conducting  an  opera  company  in  India,  and 
afterwards  went  to  Australia.  He  was  some 
time  director  of  the  choir  at  the  Roman 
Catholic  Cathedral,  Melbourne,  and  produced 
a  Mass  in  G  there,  1881  (?)  His  cantata, 
"  Endymion,"  was  composed  for  the  first 
Musical  Festival  at  Melbourne,  and  performed 
December  26,  1882.  "The  Apotheosis  of 
Hercules,"  for  men's  voices,  was  produced  at 
Melbourne,  September  17,  1883.  In  1892  he 
was  in  London,  conducting  at  the  Prince  of 
Wales'  Theatre.  For  some  time  he  was 
musical  critic  for  the  Melbourne  Age,  and 
Leader.     He  has  composed  some  songs,  etc. 

Plumstead,  W.  H.,  published  ;•  Beauties 
of  Melody,  a  collection  of  popular  airs  . .  .  also 
Irish  and  Scotch  melodies,"  Loudon,  1827. 


324 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


POLE. 

"Church  of  England  Music,"  Loudon,  1846. 
"  Nursery  Recreations  for  the  Young," 
185i-56,  etc 

Pole,  William,  civil  engineer,  writer  on 
science,  and  amateur  musician,  born  at  Bir- 
mingham, April  22,  IBli.  Professor  of  Civil 
Engineering  at  University  College,  London, 
1859-76,  and  also  held  appointments  in  India, 
and  has  done  much  scientific  work  for  Govern- 
ment. F.R.S.  of  London,  18G1,  and  Edin- 
burgh, 1S77.  Cultivated  his  early  taste  for 
music,  and  graduated  at  Oxford,  Mus.  Bac, 
1860;  Mus.  Doc,  1867.  Was  organist  of  St. 
Mark's,  North  Audley  Street,  London,  1836- 
66;  Examiner  in  Music,  London  University, 
1878-90.  Hon.  F.C.O.,  1889.  His  contribu- 
tions to  musical  literature  date  from  1836, 
when  he  contributed  his  first  papers  to  the 
Musical  Worli,  on  the  Co.iStruction  of  Organ 
pipes;  on  the  Horn,  etc.  He  wrote  on  the 
Musical  Instruments  in  the  International 
Exhibition  of  1851 ;  and  the  Official  Report 
of  the  Jury,  on  the  same  subject,  in  1862 ;  on 
the  Music  at  the  Crystal  Palace — Report  to 
the  Shareholders,  1875  ;  on  the  proposed  Regu- 
lations for  ^Musical  Degrees,  University  of 
London,  1877 ;  and  many  papers  for  the 
Musical  Times,  Athciuvum,  Nature,  etc. ;  also 
for  the  programmes  of  the  New  Philharmonic 
Concerts ;  and  articles  in  Grove's  Dictionary 
of  Music.  His  "  Philosophy  of  Music,"  1879, 
was  reprinted  by  K.  Paul,  1895  ;  and  "  The 
Story  of  ilozart's  Requiem,"  which  appeared 
in  the  Mtisical  Times  in  1869,  was  issued  by 
Novello  in  1879,  as  a  pampiilet.  These  are 
two  extremely  valuable  works.  Dr.  Pole's 
musical  compositions  include  a  setting  of 
Psalm  100  in  cantata  form,  which  was  given 
at  a  Festival  at  Tenbury  by  Sir  F.  A.  G. 
Ouseley,  October  3,  1861  ;  and  the  8-part 
motet  from  it,  performed  at  the  Chester 
Festival,  1882.  He  has  also  done  some  four- 
handed  pf.  accompaniments  to  classical  songs, 
and  compo>;ed  some  organ  music. 

Poole,  Clement  William,  amateur  mu- 
sician, born  at  Ealing,  June  7,  1828.  Studied 
music  under  Jos.  T.  Cooper,  and  has  acted  as 
honorary  organist  at  the  Parish  Church, 
Kingston-on-Thames;  and  Christ  Church, 
Ealing.  Composer  of  vocal  music,  among 
which  is  the  hymn  tune  "Westenhanger,"  etc. 

Poole,  Elizabeth,  mezzo-soprano  vocalist, 
born  in  London,  April  5,  1820.  "Made  her  di but 
in  opera  at  Drurv  Lane,  1834.  Sang  in  the 
United  States,  1839.  Was  with  the  English 
Opera  Company  at  the  Strand  Theatre,  1848; 
and,  until  1870,  was  prominent  both  as  a  ballad 
singer  andanactress.   She  married  a  ]Mr.  Bacon. 

Poole,  Fanny  Kemble,  bor7i  Barnett, 
contralto  vocalist,  born,  1845,  in  London. 
She  did  not  begin  her  public  career  until 
after  her  marriage;  but  from  about  1870 until 
1891  she  sang  in  concerts,  chiefly  in  oratorio, 


PORTER. 

in  all  the  large  towns  in  England,  Scotland^ 
and  Wales.  After  the  death  of  ]\Ir.  Poole,  in 
1891,  she  retired  from  the  platform,  and  gave 
herself  up  to  teaching,  having  a  large  connec- 
tion in  the  neighbourhood  of  Surbiton. 

Her  sister,  Alice  Barxett  (Mrs.  Dickens), 
sang  for  some  years  at  the  Savoy  Theatre,, 
creating  the  contralto  parts  in  many  of  the 
Gilbert-Sullivan  operas  ;  also  sang  in  the  Carl 
Rosa,  and  other  companies.  Toured  in 
Australia,  1886.  The  sisters  are  connections- 
of  the  celebrated  Kemble  family. 

Poole,  Maria,  see  Dickons,  Mrs. 

Poole,  Reginald  Lane=,  amateur  mu- 
sician and  author,  was  educated  at  Oxford,, 
where  he  graduated,  in  1878.  Lecturer  on 
modern  history  at  Jesus  College,  Oxford,  since 
1886.  Author  of  "  Bach  "  (Great  Musicians), 
London,  Low,  1882. 

Pope,  Henry,  bass  vocalist,  born  at 
Bristol.  Sang  at  the  Bristol  Festival  of  1876, 
in  Spohr's  "Fall  of  Babylon."  Was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Carl  Rosa  Companj-  for  about  ten 
years,  from  1878 ;  and  sang  at  the  principal 
London  and  provincial  concerts.  Now  living 
in  London  as  a  teacher  of  singing. 

Porret,  or  Perrot,  Robert,  organist  and 
composer  of  the  16th  century.  He  was  born 
at  Hackness,  in  Yorkshire,  and  in  1507  grad- 
uated ^lus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  and  in  1515 
became  ilus.  Doc,  Oxford.  He  was  organist 
and  instructor  of  the  choristers  in  IMagdalen 
College,  Oxford,  1519,  and  was  also  for  a  time 
principal  of  Trinity  Hall,  Oxford.  He  died 
in  15.50. 

Porteous,  James,  violinist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  the  latter  half  of  the  18th  century. 
He  lived  at  Meinfoot,  near  Ecclefechan,  Dum- 
friesshire, and  was  a  miller  on  the  Hoddom 
Estate.  He  died  at  Annan,  July  17,  1847. 
He  issued  a  "  collection  of  Strathspeys,  Reels 
and  Jigs ;  respectfully  dedicated  to  Lady 
Jardine  of  Applegarth.  Arranged  for  the 
pianoforte,  violin  and  violoncello,"  Edinburgh. 
[18201  ;    2nd  edition,  1821,  in  parts. 

Porteous,  Richard,  author  of  the  "Band- 
master's Atlas,  displaying  at  one  view  the 
scale  compass  and  notation  of  every  wind 
instrument  employed  in  military  and  brass- 
bands.."  London,  [1854].  "Composer's 
]\Iusical  Atlas,  displaying  the  scale,  compass, 
etc.,  of  every  instrument  employed  in  orches- 
tral bands.."    London,    1854. 

Porter,  John,  organist  of  the  17th  century. 
Was  organist  at  Eton  College  and  teacher  of 
John  Weldon. 

Porter,  Prince  Walsh,  amateur  composer 
and  social  leader.  Composed  a  "Collection  of 
melodies,  duets  and  glees,"  London  [1827]. 

Porter,  Richard,  author  of  a  small  tract 
entitled,  "Rudiments  of  Music,  abridged  for 
the  use  of  Choirs,"  Oxford  [1868],  2  editions. 
"Rudiments  of  vocal  music,"  Oxford,  1879. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


325 


PORTER. 

Porter,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Norwich,  in  1733.  He  studied  under 
Maurice  Greene,  and  was  organist  of  Canter- 
bury Cathedral,  1757-1803.  He  died  at  Canter- 
bury, December  11, 1810.  He  composed  Four 
Anthems  and  Two  Psalm  Tunes,"  London 
[1800] .  "  Cathedral  Music  in  Score,"  edited 
by  Rev.  W.  Jas.  Porter,  London  [1815]. 
Twenty-five  Odes,  hymn  tunes,  etc.  in  four 
parts,  London,  1800.  Songs,  glees,  marches, 
etc.  His  Service  in  D  has  been  reprinted  by 
Novello. 

William  James  Porter  his  son,  was  vicar 
of  Himbletou,  and  composed  a  "  Selection  of 
15  Psalms  from  the  new  version.."  London 
[1840]  ;  as  well  as  anthems,  etc.  Samuel 
Porter,  probably  another  son,  who  died  on 
July  14,  1823,  held  the  position  of  organist  of 
Faversham  Parish  Church  for  37  years,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  King's  Band  for  the 
same  period. 

Porter,  Thomas,  author  of  "  How  to 
choose  a  violin,"  London   ]1S79] . 

Another  Thomas  Porter,  published  about 
1839,  a  "  Fantasia  for  the  organ  or  pianoforte, 
modulating  fw^ce  through  all  the  major  and 
minor  keys,"  op.  1. 

Porter,  Walter,  composer,  was  born 
about  the  end  of  the  17th  century.  Son  of 
Henry  Porter,  who  was  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford, 
1600,  and  musician  to  James  I.  in  1603. 
Oentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1616. 
Master  of  Choristers,  Westminster  Abbey, 
1639,  but  was  dismissed  at  the  Rebellion. 
He  died  at  London.  October,  1659. 

Works. — Madrigales  and  Ayres  of  two, 
thr;e,  foure,  and  five  voyces  .  .  .  1632. 
Ayres  and  Madrigales  for  two,  three,  four, 
and  five  voices,  with  a  thorough-bass  base  for 
the  Organ  or  Theorbo-lute  in  the  Italian  way, 
1639.  Motetts  of  two  Voices-treble,  tenor 
and  bass,  with  "continued  bass  or  score,  to  be 
performed  on  an  organ,  harpsychor,  lute,  or 
bass  viol,  3  parts,  London,  1657.  Divine 
Hymns  (1664).  Psalms  of  Mr.  George 
Sandys  composed  into  Music  f'^r  two  Voyces, 
■with  a  Thorough-bass  for  the  Organ  [1670.] 

Porter,  Walter,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Boston,  Lincolnshire,  ^lay,  1856. 
Entered  the  choir  of  the  Parish  Church  when 
■eight,  and  in  1868  took  lessons  from  W.  B. 
■Gilbert,  and  later  became  a  pupil  of  D.  J. 
Wood.  Passed  examination  for  F.C.O  Ap- 
pointed organist  and  choirma>ter  of  Bourne 
Abbey  Church,  1874 ;  and  to  St.  Mary's 
Parish  Church,  Hull,  1875,  a  position  lie 
retains.  Conductor  of  Grimsby  Pliilhar- 
monic  Society,  1884,  and  a  similar  society  in 
Hull,  since  1885.  Honorary  Local  Examiner 
ior  R.C.^L  Scholarships.  Composer  of  a 
string  quartet  (performed  at  Scarborough 
Conference  of  I.S.iL,  1894) ;  a  setting  of  the 
Office  of  Holy  Communion,  Te   Deum.  etc., 


POULTER. 

fugue,  two  andantes,  and  other  organ  music; 
a  number  of  pieces  for  pf. 

Postans,  Mary,  see  Shaw,  Mrs.  Alfred. 
Potter,  John,  writer  and  composer  of 
last  century,  author  of  "Observations  on  the 
present  state  of  music  and  musicians,  with 
general  rules  for  studying  Music,  to  which 
is  added  a  scheme  for  erecting  and  supporting 
a  musical  academy  in  this  kingdom,"  London, 
1762.  He  also  composed  for  Vauxhall  Gar- 
dens, and  published  a  collection  entitled, 
"  Collection  of  New  Songs  and  Ballads  sung 
at  Vauxhall  Gardens,"  London,  1767,  1771- 
1772,  etc. 

Potter,  Philip  Cipriani  Hambiy, 
pianist  and  composer,  boro  at  London, 
October  2,  1792.  He  studied  under  his  father, 
Callcott,  Attwood,  Crotch,  and  Woelfl.  Debut 
as  pianist  at  Philharmonic  Society  Concert,  in 
1816.  He  afterwards  studied  at  Vienna  under 
Forster,  and  while  there  came  in  contact 
with  Beethoven,  1817-18.  Professor  of  pf.  at 
R.A.M.,  London,  1822.  Principal  of  R.A.M. 
in  succession  to  Crctch,  1832-59.  He  died  at 
London,  September  26,  187  . 

Works. — Medora  e  Corrado,  cantata  [1828] ; 
Op.  1,  Sonata  for  pf.  [18.7];  Op.  2,  Sonata 
for  pf.  in  D  ;  Op.  3,  Sonata  in  E  minor  ;  Op. 
6,  Grand  duo  for  two  pfs.  ;  Op.  7,  Duet  for 
two  pfs.  ;  Introduction  and  rondo,  pf.,  four 
hiinds  ;    Op.   11,  Sextet  for  pf.,  flute,  violin, 

j  viola,  'cello  and  bass  ;  Op.  12,  Three  trios 
for  pf  ,  violin,  and  'cello,  or  clarinet  and 
bassoon   [1835] ;    Op.   13,  Sonata  di   bravura 

j  for  pf.  and  horn  or  bassoon  ;  Op.  19, 
Studies  for  the  pf.  in  all  the  major 
and    minor  keys,    London    [1827] ;    Op.    20, 

:  Introduction    and    rondo    for    pf. ;    Op.    21, 

'  Second  Rondeau  brilliant  for  pf. ;  Nine 
Symphonies  for  orchestra  in  A,  G  minor, 
etc.  ;  four  overtures  for  orchestra  ;  Three  con- 
certos for  pf.  and  orchestra  ;  Several  string 
quartets  ;  The  Enigma,  variations  in  the  style 
of  five  eminent  masters,  pf.  [18261 ;  Octave 
lessons ;  Allegro  brilliant  in  E  ;  Toccattas, 
rondos,  etc.,  for  pf.  ;  Canzonets  and  songs. 
A  musician  and  teacher  of  great  influence  in 
his  time,  who  directed  the  studies  of  a  large 
number  of  the  best  modern  English  musi- 
cians.    His  father  and  grandfather  were  both 

I  musicians. 

'  Potter,  S.,  musician  and  author,  who  was 
in  the  band  of  the  Col  Istream  Guards.  He 
published  "  Art  of  playing  the  Fife,  with 
c^mp,  garrison,  and  street  duty,"  n.d. ; 
"Art  of  beating  the  Drum,  with  camp,  garri- 
son, and  street  duty,"  n.d. 

Poulter,  George  Thomas,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  London,  in  September, 
1838.  Studied  under  J.  W.  Elliott,  etc.,  and 
himself    acted    as    one    of    the    teachers   of 

'  Hamish   MacCunn    (q.v.).      Successively   or- 

'  ganist   at    Warperton,    Warwickshire,    1854 ; 


32G 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGEAPHY. 


POUNDS. 

ArJgowan  House  (Sir  JI.  R.  Shaw  Stewart), 
private,  1857 ;  Towu  Hall,  Greenock,  18G1  ; 
Mid  Parish  Church,  1868;  and  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Greenock,  1886.  Conductor  for  a 
time  of  the  Greenock  Choral  Society,  etc. 
Composer  of  songs;  "  The  Bridge  of  Duty," 
a  cantata  ;  pf.  music,  etc. 

Pounds,  Charles  Courtice,  vocalist  and 
actor,  was  born  in  London,  May  30,  1869. 
For  some  years  he  was  a  treble  singer  in 
church  choirs,  but  he  afterwards  studied  at 
the  R.A.M.  Travelled  in  the  English  pro- 
vinces with  concert  parties,  and  sang  in  ora- 
torio, but  was  most  successful  in  the  Gilbert 
and  Sullivan  operas.  He  sang  in  Australia 
in  1895,  with  the  Williamson  and  Musgrove 
Opera  Company. 

Povey,  Miss,  soprano  vocalist,  was  horn 
in  Birmingham  in  1804.  She  made  her  A'6iti 
on  .June  3,  1817.  Pupil  of  T.  Cooke  ;uid 
Bartleman.  She  sang  at  Drury  Lane,  1819  ; 
English  Opera  House,  etc.  She  was  married 
to  a  Mr.  K.  Knight. 

Powell,  Josiah  W.,  town-clerk  of  Burs- 
lem,  Staffordshire.  He  and  the  late  George 
Howson  (q.v.)  were  the  fathers  of  elementary 
vocal  music  in  the  Potteries.  Half  a  century 
ago  there  was  scarcely  a  singer  in  the  district 
who  could  read  music,  and  if  an  oratorio  v/as 
to  be  performed  singers  had  to  be  imijortcd 
from  Birmingham.  Now,  through  the  efforts 
of  these  two  men,  the  Potteries  are  vocal  with 
song.  Powell  translated  Mendelssohn's 
"  Elijah  "  into  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  Notation,  one 
of  the  first  great  oi'atorios  so  treated.  He 
formed  the  Burslem  Choir,  which  soon  achieved 
a  great  reputation.  His  memory  will  long  be 
affecti on atelv  cherished  in  North  Staffordshire. 
He  died  at  Wolstanton,  May  22,  1891,  in  his 
72nd  year. 

Powell,  Thomas,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  in  London  in  1776.  He  studied  the  harp, 
violin,  and  pf.  Member  of  the  Royal  Society 
of  Musicians.  He  was  married  in  1811,  and 
resided  in  Dublin  as  a  teacher.  Performed  a 
violin  concerto  in  Ha}anarket  Theatre,  Lon- 
don. He  died  after  1860.  Composed  15  con- 
certos for  violin  and  orchestra ;  Three  duets 
for  violin  and  'cello,  op.  1 ;  Three  duets  for  2 
'cellos,  op.  2 ;  Capriccio  for  'cello,  op.  24  ; 
Introduction  and  Fugue  for  organ;  Three 
grand  Sonatas  for  pf.  and  violin  [1825] ;  Over- 
tures for  orchestra,  pf.  arrangements,  etc. 

Powell,  Walter,  tenor  vocalist,  was  born 
at  Oxford  in  1697.  Chorister  and  clerk  to 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford.  Sang  in  Handel's 
oratorios.  He  died  at  Oxford,  November  6, 
1744. 

Power,  Lionel,  composer  and  writer,  of 
the  15th  century,  was  author  of  various  works 
on  Musical  theory,  of  which  "  Lionel  Power 
of  the  Cordis  of  Musike  "  is  contained  in  the 
Lansdowne  MS.  in  the  British  Museum.     He 


PRENDERGAST. 

also  composed  some  church  music,  which  is^ 
preserved  in  MS.  at  Bologna,  the  British 
Museum,  etc. 

Prat,  Daniel,  clergyman  of  18th  century, 
was  rector  of  Harrixham,  in  Kent,  and  chap- 
lain to  George  III.  He  wrote  "An  Ode  to 
Mr.  Handel,  on  his  plaj'ing  on  the  organ," 
Loudon,  1722  ;  reprinted  as  "An  Ode  on  the- 
late  celebrated  Handel,  on  his  playing  on  the 
organ,"  Cambridge,  1791. 

Pratt,  John,  organist  and  composer,  born 
at  Cambridge,  1772  [1779] ;  son  of  Jonas- 
Pratt,  music-seller.  He  was  chorister  in 
King's  College,  Cambridge,  and  studied  under 
Dr.  Randall,  whom  he  succeeded  as  organist 
of  King's  College,  1799.  Organist  of  Cam- 
bridge University,  1800;  organist  of  St.  Peter's 
College,  1813.  He  died  at  Cambridge,  March 
9,  1855. 

Works. — Collection  of  Anthems  in  score^ 
selected  from  the  works  of  Handel,  Haydn, 
Mozart,  Clari,  Leo,  and  Carissimi,  with  organ 
or  pianoforte  accompaniment,  2  vols.  [1825]. 
Selection  of  Ancient  and  Modern  Psalm 
Tunes,  arranged  and  adapted  for  two  trebles, 
or  tenors,  and  a  bass,  for  the  use  of  parish 
churches  [1810].  Psalmodia  Cantabrigiensis; 
a  selection  of  ancient  and  modern  psalm 
tunes  .  .  for  the  use  of  the  University  church,. 
1805 ;  also,  1817,  with  an  appendix  of  later 
date.  Four  double  Chants,  and  the  Responses 
to  tlie  Commandments,  as  performed  at  the^ 
King's  College,  Cambridge,  n.d. 

Pratten,  Robert  Sidney,  flute  player 
and  composer,  born  at  Bristol,  January  23, 
1824.  Performed  when  a  boy  at  concerts  in 
Bath,  Bristol,  etc.  First  flute  in  orchestra  of 
Theatre  Royal,  Dublin ;  at  Royal  Italian 
Opera,  London,  1846 ;  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society ;  Philharmonic  Society,  etc.  He 
studied  for  a  time  in  Germany.  He  died  at 
Ramsgate,  February  10,  1868. 

Works. — Fantasias,  arrangements,  studies, 
solos,  etc.  for  flute,  in  combination  with  other 
instruments.  Complete  Series  of  Exercises 
for  the  Siccama  Flute.  Complete  Series  of 
Scales  and  Exercises,  carefully  fingered  for 
Pratten's  Perfected  Flute,  n.d.  Flute  Tutors 
(one  published  by  Boosey  &  Co.,  and  another 
by  Edwin   Ashdown). 

His  wife,  M.\d.\m  Sidney  Phattex,  is  a 
well-known  guitar-player,  and  writer  for  that 
instrument.  She  has  issued  Solos  for  the 
Guitar,  a  series  of  about  250  original  and 
selected  pieces  ;  Numerous  Divertimentos  on 
original  and  selected  themes  ;  Guitar  School, 
being  complete  Instructions  for  Modern  Guitar 
Playing  in  the  common  key  ;  Learning  the 
Guitar  Simplified. .  Also  a  book  of  Instruc- 
tions for  the  Gigliera  (wood  and  straw  instru- 
ment). 

Prendergast,  Arthur  Hugh  Dairy mple, 
composer   and  conductor,    born    in   London, 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


327 


PRENTICE. 

June  28,  1833.  Studied  under  James  Turle. 
Conductor  of  Lombard  Amateur  Musical 
Society,  and  of  the  Bar  Musical  Society's 
Choir.  Sometime  Secretary  of  the  Bach 
Choir.  Has  lectured  to  the  College  of  Organ- 
ists, etc. 

WoEKS. — The  Second  Advent,  Sacred  Can- 
tata ;  Festival  Te  Deum,  Church  Choir 
Association  prize,  1882  ;  Communion  Service 
in  C ;  Cantata  and  Deus  in  F,  etc.  A  ntJiems : 
0  Lord  our  Governour  ;  Show  me  Thy  ways 
(male  voices)  ;  0  God,  thou  hast  cast  us  out. 
Hymn  tunes.  Music  to  The  Maske  of  Flowers 
(with  Birch  Reynardson),  performed  at  Gray's 
Inn  Hall,  July,  1887,  in  celebration  of  the 
Queen's  Jubilee.  Madrigal,  When  as  she 
smiles,  Madrigal  Society's  prize  and  medal, 
1889 ;  Sweet  western  wind ;  Sunshine ;  Hark  ! 
how  the  cheerful  birds,  Madrigal  Society's 
prize,  1880,  and  other  part-songs.  For  men's 
voices:  When  for  the  world's  repose;  0  mistress 
mine,  madrigal ;  Song  of  the  Silent  Land  ; 
Imbuta ;  The  Robin  ;  The  Pixies'  welcome, 
madrigal;  In  this' fair  vale,  etc.  Songs:  A 
birdie's  life ;  A  shady  nook  ;  Sleep,  wake,  live; 
and  others. 

Prentice,  Thomas  Ridley,  pianist  and 
■  composer,  born  at  Paslow  Hall,  Ongar,  Essex, 
July  6,  1842.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  under  G. 
A.  and  Walter  Macfarren.  Potter  Exhibitioner, 
1863,  and  elected  Associate  on  leaving.  In 
1869  he  began  a  series  of  Monthly  Popular 
Concerts  at  Brixton,  which  he  carried  on  for 
some  years  ;  also  gave  occasional  concerts  at 
the  Hanover  Square  Rooms,  St.  George's 
Hall,  and  played  at  the  Crystal  Palace.  In 
1872  he  was  appointed  organist  of  Christ 
Church,  Lee,  liut  this,  as  well  as  concert  work, 
ill-health  compelled  him  to  resign.  He  gave 
a  set  of  twelve  "Twopenny  Concerts"  in 
Kensington  Town  Hall,  1880-1.  In  1880  he 
was  appointed  a  professor  at  the  Guildhall 
School  of  j\Iusic,  and  was  Principal  of  the 
Beckenham  School  of  Music,  established  in 
1883.  As  a  teacher  he  was  most  successful 
and  esteemed.  He  died  at  Hampstead,  Julv 
15,  1895. 

Works. — Linda,  cantata,  ladies'  voices ; 
The  Mermaid's  Invitation,  and  other  trios  for 
the  same.  Christmas  ;  Ye  little  birds,  part- 
songs.  Break  forth  into  joy;  I  love  the  Lord, 
anthems.  The  God  of  love  my  Shepherd  is  ; 
Evensong;  Echoes,  and  other  songs.  Gavottes; 
Elegie ;  Reverie ;  By  the  sea ;  Sunday  musings, 
etc.,  for  the  pf.  Editor  of  Six  Cantatas  l)y 
Carissimi.  Author  of  The  Musician,  a  guide 
for  pianoforte  students,  in  6  grades,  London, 
Sonnenschein,  1883-6.  Hand  Gymnastics, 
Novello's  Primers,  No.  36. 

Prescott,  Mrs.  Cyril  A.,  see  Lowthian, 
Caroline, 

Prescott,  Oliveria  Louisa,  composer 
and   writer,   born   in  London,   September  3, 


PRESTON. 

1842.  Studied  under  Lindsay  Sloper,  and 
then  for  seven  years  at  R.A.M.,  under  (Sir) 
G.  A.  Macfarren,  Jewson,  Folkes,  and  Ralph. 
A. R.A.M.  Teacher  of  harmony  at  the  Church 
of  England  High  School  for  Girls,  Upper 
Baker  Street,  London,  1879-93,  and  lecturer 
in  harmony  and  composition,  for  about  the 
same  period,  to  the  correspondence  system  in 
connection  with  Newnham  College,  Cam- 
bridge. Sometime  musical  amanuensis  to 
Professor  Sir  G.  A.  IMacfarren. 

Works. — Psalm  13,  for  soprano  solo,  chorus 
and  orchestra ;  Psalm  126,  for  voices  alone 
(sung  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.)  Our  conver- 
sation is  in  heaven;  The  righteous  live  for 
evermore,  anthems.  Lord  Ullin's  Daughter, 
chorus  and  orchestra.  Ballad  of  Young  John  ; 
Douglas  Raid  ;  Cryer  ;  Border  ballad  ;  and 
other  part-songs.  The  -Fisherwife  ;  Queen  of 
my  heart ;  songs.  Orchestral :  Two  Sym- 
phonies, in  B  fiat,  and  D  minor ;  Overture 
(R.A.M.,  1876);  Concert  Finale,  D  minor; 
Concert  piece.  Bright  October ;  Concert  over- 
tures :  Tithonus ;  Golden  Supper ;  CEdipus 
and  Antigone ;  Woodland.  Concerto  in  A, 
pf .  and  orchestra.  Hero  watching  for  Leander; 
Love  and  laughter ;  for  soprano  solo  and 
orchastra.  Bohemian  song,  for  4  voices  and 
strings.  Quartets  in  A  minor  and  C  minor, 
strings ;  in  G,  pf.  and  strings,  etc.  Author  of 
Form  or  Design  in  Music :  Part  I.,  Instru- 
mental;  Part  II.,  Vocal,'  London,  1882. 
Enlarged  edition,  prepared  with  the  assistance 
of  Professor  Macfarren,  1894.  Contributions 
to  Musical  World,  etc.  Six  Lectures  about 
Music,  and  what  it  is  made  of,  Church  of 
England  High  School,  Baker  Street,  1893. 

Preston,  James  M.,  organist  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  Gateshead-on-Tyiie,  July  14, 
1860.  At  an  early  age  he  studied  violin  and 
pf.  under  his  father,  Stephen  E.  Preston,  a 
musician  of  repute,  and  when  thirteen  was 
placed  under  Lindsay  Sloper,  in  London.  In 
1875,  he  was  appointed  oi'ganist  of  St.  Joseph's 
Roman  Catholic  Churcli,  Gateshead,  where 
he  remained  six  years,  diligently  working  at 
the  organ.  Entered  the  Guildhall  School  of 
Music  in  1881.  and  studied  under  Dr.  Stainer. 
In  1883,  succeeded  the  late  Mr.  Robert  Potts, 
as  organist  of  St.  Thomas',  Newcastle-on- 
Tyne,  and  in  1888  was  appointed  to  St. 
George's,  Jesmond,  a  post  he  still  holds.  In 
1891  he  began  to  give  organ  recitals  there,  on 
Sunday  evenings  :  he  has  also  played  at  St. 
George's  Hall,  Liverpool,  and  elsewhere,  and 
ranks  among  the  foremost  organists  of  the 
dav.  He  is  also  a  pianist,  and  has  been 
connected  with  the  Newcastle  Chamber  Music 
Society  for  years.  He  is  conductor  of  the 
Newcastle  and  Gateshead  Choral  Union, 
which  has  more  than  a  local  reputation,  and 
has  given  many  important  concerts.  Of  his 
compositions,  but  few  are  yet  published.     A 


328 


BlUTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


PRICE. 

Festival  Chorus  was  performed  in  Newcastle 
Town  Hull,  October.  1895. 

Price,  Daniel,  baritone  vocalist,  born  at 
Dowlais,  Glamorgan,  1863.  Was  one  of  the 
first  fifty  scholars  of  the  R.C.M.  when  it 
opened  in  1883.  Studied  singing  under  Albert 
Visctti;  Counterpoint,  under  Dr.  J.  P.  Bridge; 
and  composition  with  Dr.  Stanford.  Dis- 
tinguished himself,  especially  in  the  operatic 
performances  given  by  thestudents.  A.R.C.M., 
1888,  and  in  the  same  year  appointed  a  mem- 
ber of  the  choir,  Westminster  Abbey.  Is  a 
professor  of  singing  at  R.C.M. ,  and  has 
appeared  with  success  at  concerts  in  London, 
Birmingham,  and  other  places  ;  and  on  the 
occasion  of  the  Jubilee  celebrations  in  1887, 
had  tiie  honour  of  singing  before  Her  Majesty 
the  Queen,  at  Windsor.  While  at  the  R.C.M. 
he  composed  some  pf.  pieces,  which  were 
performed  at  the  College  concerts. 

Price,  Tom,  composer,  born  at  Rhymney, 
Monmoutlishire,  in  1857.  Worked  as  a  boy 
in  the  coal  mines.  Self-taught  in  music,  and 
learned  much  by  joining  different  Welsh 
choirs.  Won  a  prize  offered  by  Wrexham 
Festival  Committee,  1886,  for  a  part-song, 
"  Hands  ail  round  "  (Tennyson) ;  other  prizes 
in  America,  etc.  He  has  composed  a  dramatic 
cantata,  anthems,  part-song,  songs,  etc. 

Pridham,  John,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  Popsham,  Devon,  October  1,  1818. 
He  studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  when  still  a 
young  man,  played  frequently  before  the 
Queen  and  Prince  Consort.  He  died  at 
Taunton,  in  August,  1896.  He  wrote  a 
"  Method  for  the  Piano,"  London,  Brewer, 
n.d.  ;  and  issued  an  immense  number  of  easy 
pieces  for  the  pf.  Composer  also  of  a  few 
songs  and  ducts. 

Pring,  Jacob  Cubitt,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Lewisham,  near  London, 
in  1771.  Organist  of  St.  Botolph,  Aldgate, 
London.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1797.  He  died 
in  1799. 

Works.— First  book  of  Glees,  Canons,  etc. 
[1790]  ;  Eight  Glees,  Catches,  etc.,  London 
[c.  1795] ;  Eight  anthems,  as  performed  in  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  Tjondon  [1792];  Magnificat, 
in  two  parts;  Dying  Christian  to  his  soul, 
ode  [1794].  Easy  progressive  lessons,  with 
the  fingering  marked  for  young  beginners 
on  the  pf.  or  harpsichord,  London  [1800]. 
Six  progressive  sonatinas  for  the  harpsichord 
or  pf.     Songs,  sonnets,  etc. 

Pring,  Joseph,  organist  and  composer, 
brother  of  above,  born  at  Kensington,  London, 
January  15,  1776.  Organist  of  Bangor  Cathe- 
dral, 1793.  Mus.  Bac.  and  Doc,  Oxon., 
1808.     He  died  at  Bangor,  February  13,  1842. 

Works. — Twenty  .\nthems,  in  score,  for  1, 
2,  3,  4,  and  5  voices,  London,  1805.  Mag- 
nificats, and  other  church  music. 

Pring,     Isaac,    organist    and    composer, 


PRINGLE. 

brother  of  above,  born  at  Kensington,  Lon- 
don, in  1777.  Assistant  to  Dr.  Philip  Hayes, 
at  New  College,  Oxford,  and  his  successor  in 
1797.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1799.  He  died  at 
Oxford,  October  18,  1799.  Composer  of 
chants,  anthems,  etc. 

Pringle,  George  Robert  Grant,  organist 
and  conductor,  born  in  London,  May  26, 
1833.  Chorister,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1841-51, 
and  pupil  of  John  Goss  and  George  Cooper, 
Went  to  Victoria.  Australia,  in  1858.  Ap- 
pointed organist  and  conductor  of  Melbourne 
Philharmonic  Society.  Founded  and  con- 
ducted tlie  IMusical  Union,  which  brought 
forward  many  promising  singers,  and  pro- 
duced, for  the  first  time  in  Australia,  Men- 
dels.sohn's  Psalm  42  ;  Spohr's  "  God,  Thou  art 
Great";  Leslie's  "Judith,"  and  other  works. 
As  organist  of  St.  Peter's,  Melbourne,  Pringle, 
in  1863,  trained  and  introduced  the  first 
surpliced  choir  in  the  colonies.  He  died, 
January,  1873,  when  on  a  visit  to  Leipzig. 

Pringle,  Godfrey,  composer,  of  Scotch 
descent  on  his  father's  side,  his  mother  being 
Hungarian,  was  born  November  30,  ISB"?, 
while  bis  parents  were  travelling  on  the  Con- 
tinent. Much  of  his  early  life  was  passed  in 
Italy,  and  in  1882  he  was  at  Bayreuth  when 
"  Parsifal  "  was  produced,  and  had  the  hap- 
piness of  personal  acquaintance  with  Wagner. 
The  influence  of  that  time  decided  him  to 
make  music  his  profession,  and  he  studied  at 
the  R.C.M.  under  Villiers  Stanford,  producing 
part  of  an  Italian  opera,  "  Messalina,"  in 
1890,  which  he  finished  after  leaving  the 
Co  lege  in  1891.  His  orchestral  ballad, 
"  Durand"  (based  on  Uhland),  was  produced 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  October  14,  1893 ;  and 
a  rhapsody,  "  Lo  Zingaro,"  for  baritone  solo 
and  orchestra,  November  10,  1894.  He  has 
also  written  an  orchestral  suite,  "  Bella 
I\Iilano,"  and  is  engaged  on  an  English  opera. 
His  other  works  include  a  Romance,  for 
violin  and  orchestra ;  Fantasia,  'cello  and 
pf.  ;  pieces  for  pf.,  songs,  etc. 

Pringle,  John,  musician,  resided  in 
Edinburgli  at  the  end  of  last  and  beginning 
of  present  century.  Published  "  A  Collection 
of  I'eels,  Strathspeys,  and  Jigs,  with  a  Bass 
for  the  Violoncello  or  Pianoforte,"  Edin- 
burgh, n.d. 

Pringle,  Lempriere,  bass  vocalist,  born 
at  Hobart,  Tasmania,  1869.  At  the  age  of 
18  he  came  to  England,  and  was  admitted  a 
student  at  the  R.C.M.  He  sang  in  the 
operatic  performance  given  in  July,  1889, 
and  later  in  that  year  went  to  Frankfort  and 
studied  singing  under  Stockhausen,  and  har- 
mony and  counterpoint  under  Humperdinck. 
Returning  to  England  in  1891,  he  was  en- 
gaged by  the  directors  of  the  Carl  Rosa 
Company,  and  made  his  first  appearance  in 
the  following  autumn  tour.     His  success  was 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


329 


PRINGUER. 

:such  that  on  the  death  of  Aynsley  Cook,  in 
February,  1894,  he  was  called  upon  to  under- 
take the  most  important  parts  filled  by  that 
artist.  His  repertory  is  large,  and  embraces 
such  widely  different  assumptions  as  that  of 
Casjxir  in  "  Der  Frieschutz"  and  the  Land- 
grave in  "Tannhiiuser."  Mr.  Pringle  is 
understood  to  be  a  clever  composer,  but  he 
has  not  yet  published  anything. 

Pringuer,  Henry  Thomas,  composer 
and  conductor,  of  present  time.  Privately 
educated  in  music,  F.R.C.O.,  1876;  Mus. 
Bac,  1877;  Mus.  Doc,  1885,  Oxford.  Or- 
ganist of  St.  Matthew's,  Redhill,  1870;  St. 
Mary's,  Stoke  Newington,  1881.  Conductor 
of  Insurance  Musical  Society  ;  and  of  Trinity 
College  Choir,  London.  Has  given  organ 
recitals  at  the  Bow  and  Bromley  Institute, 
1884,  etc.  Composer  of  Psalm  107  and  Psalm 
48,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra;  a  comedy 
opera,  "Guinevere,"  1890;  pf.  pieces,  songs, 
etc. 

Pritchard,  Rev.  J^owland  Hugh,  mu- 
sician and  minister,  was  born  at  Bala,  about 
1813.  He  was  a  minister,  and  acted  as  pre- 
centor at  the  annual  Sasiwns  y  Bala.  Died 
at  Holywell,  January  25,  1887,  aged  74. 
^Composer  of  Welsh  hymn  tunes,  "  Hyfrydol," 
"Elizabeth,"  "  Hiraeth  y  Cristion,"  etc. 

Pritchard,  Thomas,  surnamed  Twm- 
Bach,  celebrated  Welsh  harper  of  the  time 
•of  Queen  Elizabeth.  He  died  at  London  in 
1597,  and  is  buried  in  St.  Sepulchre's  Church. 

Probin.  The  name  of  a  notable  Birming- 
ham family  of  horn  players.  Moses  Probin, 
born  about  1782,  was  the  first  to  acquire  a 
reputation,  though  his  father  was  a  horn 
player  before  him.  He  took  part  in  all  the 
principal  concerts  in  the  Midlands,  from 
Shrewsbury  to  Cheltenham,  and  was  a  virtuoso 
on  the  hand  horn.  With  two  of  his  sons  he 
would,  commencing  at  five  in  the  morning, 
diligently  practice  trios  for  horns.  He  was  a 
man  of  devout  mind,  and  regular  in  attendance 
at  church.  On  one  occasion  his  rector,  with 
whom  he  was  very  intimate,  expressed  a  wish 
that  he  would  give  up  horn-playing  and  earn 
an  honest  living.  He  died  August  8,  1857,  in 
his  75th  year.  His  son,  Henry  Probin,  was 
born  June  10,  1812.  He  became  famous  as  a 
horn  player,  and  to  the  last  used  the  old  hand 
horn,  as  he  could  never  reconcile  himself  to 
the  valve  horn.  He  played  in  the  Birmingham 
festival  orchestra  for  a  long  time,  including 
the  "  Elijah  "  year,  1846.  He  was  the  inti- 
mate friend  and  companion  of  Alfred  Mellon, 
and  during  his  conductorship  played  in  the 
Theatre  Royal  band.  He  retired  from  the 
profession  in  1879,  and  died  June  30,  1885. 
His  brother  S.amuel  was  also  a  horn  player, 
but  in  no  way  remarkable.  Alfred  Probin, 
•son  of  Henry,  was  born  April  29,  1852,  and  at 
the  age  of  eight  began  his  study  of  the  instru- 


PROUT. 

ment.  Mr.  Stockley  gave  him  his  first 
opportunity,  and  when  sixteen  he  was  first 
horn  in  an  opera  company.  His  first  festival 
engagement  was  at  Nottingham  in  1873,  under 
Costa.  He  was  first  horn  at  the  revived 
Chester  Festival,  1879,  and  since  then  has 
been  in  the  orchestras  of  the  Three  Choirs, 
and  Birmingham  Festivals,  and  the  principal 
concerts  in  the  country.  As  a  solo  player  he 
has  been  heard  in  chamber  concerts  in  Bir- 
mingham, and  he  played  Mozart's  Third 
Concerto  for  horn  at  Leicester,  February, 
1887.  A  young  son  is  preparing  to  continue 
the  artistic  career  of  the  family. 

Proudman,  Joseph,  conductor  and 
teacher  of  singing,  born  in  London,  November 
10,  1883.  He  sang  in  choirs  as  a  boy  ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society  in 
1857 ;  Conductor  of  the  City  Choral  Union, 
1862,  and  a  year  later  applied  himself  to  the 
Tonic  Sol-fa  method.  He  conducted  concerts 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  from  1864,  and  won  a 
prize  at  Paris  in  1867.  Some  thousands  of 
singers  passed  under  his  hands.  For  years 
he  had  acted  as  precentor  at  several  churches, 
and  he  was  teacher  of  singing  to  the  children 
in  Dr.  Barnardo's  Homes  for  more  than  twenty 
years,  and  was  an  indefatigable  worker  in  the 
cause  of  popular  music.  He  published  IMusi- 
cal  Lectures  and  Sketches,  1869;  and  Musical 
Jottings,  1872;  and  was  a  specialist  on  the 
staff  of  the  Musical  Herald.  He  died  in 
London,  April  21, 1891.  J.  Frank  Phoudman, 
his  son,  conductor,  and  sometime  organist  of 
St.  Michael's,  Stoke  Newington,  took  up  the 
work  of  his  father  in  1891,  and  made  a  repu- 
tation as  a  conductor  and  teacher.  Delicate 
health  decided  him  to  leave  England  for 
South  Africa,  and  in  February,  1897,  he  sailed 
for  the  Cape,  having  obtained  an  appointment 
at  Maritzburg. 

Prout,  Ebenezer,  composer  and  didactic 
writer,  born  at  Oundle,  Northamptonshire, 
Marcli  1,  1835.  The  son  of  a  Congregational 
Minister,  he  was  intended  for  another  pro- 
fession thanmusic;  and  after  leaving  Denmark 
Hill  Grammar  School  he  was  engaged  as  a 
teacher  in  private  schools  in  London,  and 
Leatherhead,  and  when  nineteen  graduated 
B.A.,  London  University.  Musical  from 
childhood,  he  had  a  few  pianoforte  lessons 
when  a  boy,  and  afterwards  a  course  from 
Charles  Salaman  ;  for  the  rest  he  is  self-edu- 
cated. It  was  in  1859  that  he  gave  himself 
up  entirely  to  music,  and  his  first  pupil  was 
John  Locke  Gray  (q.v.).  After  acting  as 
organist  at  St.  Thomas's  Square  Chapel, 
Hackney,  and  other  places,  he  accepted  the 
appointment  at  Union  Chapel,  Islington, 
which  he  held  for  12  years,  1861-73.  During 
the  Royal  Wedding  Musical  Fetes  at  the 
CrystarPalace,  March,  1863,  he  on  one  occa- 
sion gave  an    organ  performance  in   lieu  of 


330 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


PROUT. 

James  Coward;  In  1861  he  was  appointed  a 
professor  of  tlie  pf.  at  the  Crystal  Palace 
School  of  Art,  resigning  in  1885  ;  professor  of 
harmony  and  composition  at  the  National 
Training  School  for  Music  from  its  opening 
in  1876 ;  succeeded  to  Sir  Arthur  Sullivan's 
class  at  R.A.JI.,  1879;  and  in  1884  professor 
of  pf.  at  Guildhall  School  of  Music.  Conduc- 
tor of  Hackney  Choral  Association,  1876-90, 
during  which  time  a  high  reputation  was 
gained  by  the  Society,  and  many  important 
works  produced,  some  for  the  first  time  in 
England.  As  a  composer  he  was  brought  into 
notice  by  gaining  the  first  prize  of  the  Society 
of  British  ilusicians  in  1862,  and  again  in 
1865  ;  and  the  performance  of  his  first  Organ 
Concerto  by  (Sir)  John  Stainer  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  1872,  increased  his  reputation.  His 
literary  career  lias  been  equally  striking.  He 
was  editor  of  the  Monthly  Musical  Record, 
1871-4 ;  musical  critic  of  the  Academy,  1874-9 ; 
and  of  the  Atheiueum,  1879-89.  On  retiring 
from  the  last,  he  devoted  himself  to  writing 
those  educational  works  which  will  rank 
among  the  most  masterly  and  comprehensive 
examples  English  musical  literature  can  boast 
of.  He  has  lectured  in  London  and  the 
provinces;  contributed  valuable  papers  to  the 
Musical  Association,  the  Conferences  of  the 
Incorporated  Society  of  JIusicians,  Grove's 
Dictionarj'of  Music,  Afonthly  Musical  Record, 
etc. ;  and  has  conducted  performances  of  his 
works  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  Birmingham  and 
Bristol  Festivals,  and  elsewhere.  In  1894  he 
was  elected  Professor  of  Music  in  Dublin 
University,  the  degree  of  Mus.  Doc,  honoris 
causa,  being  conferred  upon  him  at  the 
beginning  of  1895,  and  later  in  the  same  year 
he  was  honoured  by  being  the  first  to  receive 
the  degree  of  ]\Ius.  Doc.  from  the  University 
of  Edinburgh. 

Works. — Choral :  Magnificat  in  C,  op.  7, 
for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  composed  1873, 
produced.  Crystal  Palace,  January  15,  1876  ; 
Chorus,  Hail  to  the  Chief,  op.  10,  composed 
for  re-opening  of  Alexandra  Palace,  1877 ; 
Cantata,  Hereward,  op.  12,  Hackney  Choral 
Association,  1878;  Cantata,  Alfred,  op.  16, 
the  same.  May  1,  1882  ;  Ode,  Freedom,  op.  20, 
the  same,  April  20,  1885 ;  Psalm  100,  op.  23, 
for  soprano  solo,  chorus,  and  orcliestra,  1886; 
Red  Cross  Knight,  Cantata,  op.  24,  composed 
for  'he  Jubilee  of  the  Huddersfield  Choral 
Society,  produced  October  7,  1887  ;  Damon 
and  Phintias  (male  voices),  op.  25,  Oxford, 
May  31,  1889;  Queen  Aimee  (female  voices), 
op.  21,  1885;  Psalm  126,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  May  28.  1891 ; 
Church  services  an«i  anthems.  We  give  Thee 
thanks  (8  voices),  and  others.  Scena,  con- 
tralto voice  and  orchestra,  Norwich,  1887. 
Orchestral :  Symphony  No.  1,  in  C,  Crystal 
Palace,  February  28, 1874  ;  No.  2,  in  G  minor, 


PURCELL. 

the  same,  December,  1877 ;  No.  3,  in  F,  op. 
23,  Birmingham  Festival,  1885;  No.  4,  in  D, 
Oxford,  June,  1886;  Minuet  and  Trio,  St. 
James's  Hall,  March  5,  1878.  Overtures : 
Twelfth  Night,  Bristol,  February  14,  1881 ; 
Rokeby,  Crystal  Palace,  March  23,  1889  ;. 
Suite  de  Ballet,  op.  28, 1891.  Organ  Concerto 
in  E  minor.  Crystal  Palace  (Stainer),  October 
19,  1872 ;  in  E'flat,  Bristol  (Kiseley),  April  6, 
1885.  Quartets  :  Op.  1,  strings  (prize),  1862  ;. 
Op.  3,  pf.  and  strings  (prize),  1865 ;  Op.  15,  in 
B  flat,  strings;  Op.  18,  in  F,  pf.  and  strings. 
Q  lintet.  Op.  3,  pf.  and  strings.  Sonata  in 
D,  op.  26,  pf .  and  clarinet ;  Sonata,  op.  4,. 
organ  ;  Duo  Concertante,  op.  6,  pf.  and  har- 
monium. Organ  arrangements,  44  Nos. 
Pf.  pieces.  Editor,  with  J.  Curwen,  of  the 
Harmonium  and  Organ  Book.  Author  of  a 
primer  on  Instrumentation,  Novello,  1876  ; 
Harmony,  its  Theory  and  Practice  (with  key, 
additional  exercises  and  key)  nine  editions  to 
1896 ;  Counterpoint,  Strict  and  Free  (with 
additional  exercises),  5  editions ;  Double 
Counterpoint  and  Canon,  2  editions;  Fugue, 
3  editions;  Fugal  Analysis,  2  editions; 
Musical  Form,  2  editions ;  and  Applied 
Forms,  2  editions,  all  published  by  Augener. 
It  is  understood  that  Professor  Prout  has  two 
comic  operas  in  MS.  His  son,  Louis  Beet- 
hoven Prout,  born  in  London,  September 
14,  1864,  is  a  pianist  and  teacher.  In  1888 
he  was  appointed  professor  of  harmony  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  School.  He  has  set  Psalm  93 
for  voices  and  organ,  and  is  author  of  a  work 
on  Harmonic  Analysis,  London,  Augener,. 
and  a  pamphlet,  Time,  Rhythm,  and  Expres- 
sion, London,  Cocks. 

Prys,  Edmund,  clergyman  and  musician, 
who  was  born  in  1541.  He  was  educated  at 
Cambridge  and  became  rector  of  Festiniog  in 
1572,  and  canon  of  St.  Asaph's  in  1602.  He 
died  in  1024.  Editor  of  "  Llyfr  y  Psalmau 
wcdi  eu  cyfiethu,  ai  cj'fansodi  ar  fesur  cerdd 
yn  gvmraeg,"  16  1,  a  collection  of  psalms  in 
Welsh. 

Pullen,  H.  W.,  author  of  "Our  Choral 
Services,"  London,  1805;  and  "The  real  work 
of  a  Cathedral."  London,  1869. 

Purcell,  Daniel,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  1660.  Younger  son  of 
Henry  Purcell,  the  elder.  He  was  the  or- 
ganist of  ^lagdalen  College,  Oxford,  1688-95. 
Settled  in  London,  1695.  Composer  for 
various  theatres.  Organist  of  St.  Andrew's 
Church,  Holborn,  1713-17.  He  died  at 
London,  December  12,  17  8. 

Works. — Music  to  Dramas  :    Love's  Last 
Shift  rCibber),   1696;    Indian    Queen,    1696 
Brutus  of  Alba,  or  Augusta's  Triumph,  1697 
Cynthia    and    Endymion    (D'Urfey),    1697 
Phaeton,   or,    the  Fatal  Divorce,   1698;  The 
Island  Princess  CMotteaux),  with  Clark  and 
Leveridge,    1699 ;      The    Grove,     or    Love's 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


331 


PURCELL. 

Paradise,  1700 ;  The  Unhappy  Penitent,  1701 ; 
The  Inconstant  (Farquhar),1702  ;  The  Judge- 
ment of  Paris,  a  Pastoral  (Congreve).  [This 
masque  gained  the  third  prize  in  competition 
with  Weldon,  Eccles,  etc.],  1700.  Odes, 
numerous;  including  several  for  "St.  Cecilia's 
Day,"  by  Addison  and  others  ;  Songs  in  con- 
temporary collections  ;  the  Psalms,  set  full 
for  the  organ  or  harpsichord,  as  they  are  plaid 
in  churches  and  chappels  in  the  maner  given 
out ;  as  also  with  their  interludes  in  great 
variety,  London,  n.d. ;  Instrumental  music, 
church  music,  etc. 

Purcell,  Edward,  organist,  youngest  son 
of  Henry  Purcell,  the  younger,  was  born  at 
London,  in  1689.  Organist  of  St.  Clement, 
Eastcheap,  London ;  and  of  St.  Margaret's, 
Westminster,  1726.  He  died  at  London,  in 
1740. 

Purcell,  Henry,  the  clJer,  musician, 
father  of  the  celebrated  Henry  Purcell  of 
musical  history,  was  born  in  the  first  half  of 
the  17th  century,  fie  was  a  Gentleman  of 
the  Chapel  Royal,  in  1660,  and  Master  of 
the  Choristers  in  Westminster  Abbey.  Mem- 
ber of  Royal  Band  of  Music,  166-3.  He  died 
at  London,  August  11,  1664.  Composed  a 
three-part  song  in  Playford's  Musical  Com- 
panion, 1667.  etc. 

Purcell,  Henry,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  St.  Ann's  Lane,  Old  Pye  Street, 
Westminster,  London,  in  1658.  Second  son 
of  Henry  Purcell,  the  elder.  He  studied  as  a 
chorister  in  the  Chapel  Royal,  under  Cooke 
and  Humphrey,  1664,  and  under  Blow. 
Copyist  in  Westminster  Abbey,  1676-78;  Or- 
ganist of  Westminster  Abbey,  1680.  Organist 
of  Chapel  Royal,  1682.  Composer  in  Ordinary 
to  the  King,  1683.  He  died  at  Westminster, 
Loudon,  November  21,  1695,  and  is  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  In  1895  various  com- 
memorative concerts,  etc.,  were  given  in 
London  on  the  centenary  of  his  death. 

Works. — Dramatic  viusic  :  Epsom  Wells 
(Shadwell),  1676;  Aurenge-Zebe  (Dryden), 
1676;  The  Libertine  (Shadwell),  1676;  Abde- 
lazor  (Behn).  1677;  Timon  of  Athens  (Shaks- 
pere),  1678;  The  virtuous  wife  (D'Urfey), 
1680;  Theodosius  (Lee),  1680;  Dido  and 
.^neas  (Tate),  1680  [published  by  the  Musical 
Antiquarian  Society,  1840]  ;  Circe,  1685 ; 
Tyrannic  love  (Dryden),  1686;  A  fool's  prefer- 
ment (D'Urfey),  1688;  The  Tempest  (Shaks- 
pere),  1690;  Dioclesian,  1690;  Massacre  of 
Paris  (Lee),  1690;  Amphitryon,  1690;  Dis- 
tressed innocence  (Settle),  1691 ;  King  Arthur 
(Dryden),  1691  [published  by  the  Musical  An- 
tiquarian Society,  1843]  ;  The  Gordian  knot 
untyed,  1691 ;  Sir  Anthony  Low  (Southerne), 
1691  ;  The  fairy  queen  (Shakspere's  Mid- 
summer Night's  Dream),  1692;  The  wife's 
excuse  (Southerne),  1692;  The  Indian  queen 
(Dryden),  1692;  The  Indian  Emperour  (Dry- 


PURCELL. 

den),  1692;  CEdipus,  1692;  Cleomenes,  1692 ; 
The  marriage-hater  match'd  (D'Urfey),  1692 ; 
The  old  bachelor  (Congreve),  1693  ;  The  Rich- 
mond heiress  (D'Urfey),  1693 ;  The  maid's 
last  prayer  (Southerne),  1693 ;  Henry  the 
Second  (Bancroft),  1693  :  Don  Quixote  (D'Ur- 
fey), 1694-95 ;  The  married  beau  (Crowne), 
1694;  The  Double  dealer  (Congreve),  1694; 
The  fatal  marriage  (Southerne),  1694 ;  Love 
triumphant  (Dryden),  1694  ;  The  Canterbury 
guests  (Ravenscroft),  1695 ;  The  mock  mar- 
riage (Scott),  1695;  The  rival  sisters  (Gould), 
1695 ;  Oroonoko  (Southerne),  1695 ;  The 
knight  of  Malta  (13eaumont  and  Fletcher), 
1695 ;  Bonduca  (Beaumont  and  Fletcher), 
1695.  Odes  and  large  Vocal  Works  :  Elegy  on 
death  of  Matthew  Locke,  1677  ;  A  Welcome 
Song  for  His  Royal  Highness'  return  from 
Scotland,  1680 ;  A  song  to  welcome  His 
Majesty  home  from  Windsor,  1680 ;  Swifter, 
Isis,  swifter  flow  (ode),  1681 ;  Ode  for  the 
King  on  his  return  from  Newmarket,  1682 ; 
j  Three  odes  for  St.  Cecilia's  Day,  1683;  From 
I  Hardy  climes  and  dangerous  toils  of  War, 
'  ode  on  marriage  of  Prince  George  of  Den- 
mark with  Princess  Anne,  1683  ;  Welcome  to 
all  the  Pleasures,  ode,  published,  1684 ;  Why 
are  all  the  Pluses  mute  ?  ode  for  James  I. ; 
Ye  tuneful  Muses,  ode,  1686 ;  Sound  the 
trumpet,  beat  the  drum,  ode,  1687 ;  Celestial 
Music,  1689  ;  The  Yorkshire  feast  song,  D'Ur- 
fery,  1689  [reprinted  by  the  Purcell  Society, 
edited  by  VV.  H.  Cummings,  1878];  Arise, 
my  Muse,  ode  for  the  Queen's  birthday,  1689  ; 
Sound  the  trumpet,  ode,  1689 ;  Welcome, 
glorious  morn.  Birthday  ode,  1691 ;  Love's 
Goddess  sure  was  blind,  ode,  1692;  Hail! 
great  Cecilia,  ode,  1692  ;  Celebrate  this  festival, 
1698;  Come,  come,  ye  sons  of  art,  ode,  1694; 
Who  can  from  joy  refrain,  ode,  1695.  Church 
Afiisic :  Purcell's  Sacred  Music,  edited  by 
Vincent  Novello,  London,  6  vols.  [1829-32], 
contains  most  of  the  master's  church  music, 
with  portrait  and  biography,  including  the 
Te  Deum  and  Jubilate  in  D  (1694).  Other 
collections  in  which  his  church  music  will  be 
found  are  Boyce's  ;  Tudway's  ;  Smith's  Har- 
monica Sacra ;  Page's  Harnionia  Sacra  ;  and 
in  neaily  every  other  important  general 
selection.  The  names  of  the  anthems  in  cur- 
rent use  in  our  churches  and  cathedrals  will 
be  found  in  Novello's  catalogue  of  sacred 
music.  Instrumental  music :  Three  sonatas, 
for  two  violins,  violoncello,  and  basso-con- 
tinuo,  London,  4  vols.,  1683.  Lessons  for 
the  harpsichord  or  spinnet,  London,  1696. 
Ten  sonatas,  in  four  parts,  1st  and  2nd  violins, 
bassus  and  organ,  London,  4  vols.,  1697. 
Collection  of  Ayres  compos'd  for  the  Theatre, 
and  on  other  occasions,  London,  1697.  Or- 
pheus Britannicus  :  a  collection  of  the  choicest 
songs,  for  1,  2,  and  3  voices,  with  such 
Symphonies  for  violins  or  flutes  as  were  by 


333 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


PURCELL. 

him  designed  for  any  of  them,  and  a  thorough- 
bass to  each  soug  figul-ed  for  the  organ,  harp- 
sichord, or  theorbo-lute,  .book  I.,  London, 
1698,  with  portrait  engraved  by  White.  Book 
II.,  1702;  second  edition  (enlarged),  2  vols., 
170G-1711,  third  edition,  1721.  The  Catch 
Club,  or  Merry  Companion.  By  Purcell, 
Blow,  etc.,  2  books,  n.d.  "The  art  of  Des- 
cant," contributed  to  the  10th  edition  of 
Playford's  "  Introduction  to  the  skill  of 
ilusick,"  1683.  Sclectionsfrom  Purcell' s  works: 
The  beauties  of  Purcell:  a  selection  of  the 
favourite  songs,  duets,  trios  and  choruses  from 
his  different  works,  arranged  wiih  pf.  accom- 
paniments by  Dr.  John  Clarke,  2  vols.,  n.d. 
Beauties  of  Purcell.  .edited  by  Joseph  Corfe, 
n.d.  The  words  of  Henry  Purcell's  Vocal 
Music,  n.d.  (privately  printed).  A  selection 
of  his  Harpsichord  pieces  has  been  edited  by 
Herr  Ernst  Pauer  (Augener,  Loudon). 

Purcell,  Thomas,  composer,  uncle  of 
preceding,  was  born  in  the  first  half  of  the 
17th  century.  He  was  a  gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal  in  1660,  and  Lay-vicar  and 
copyist,  Westminster  Abbey,  1661.  Composer 
in  ordinary  to  the  King,  with  Humphrey,  in 
1662  ;  and  master  of  the  royal  band  of  music 
(also  with  Humphrey),  1672.  He  died  at  Lon- 
don, July  31, 1682.  He  composed  some  chants, 
some  of  which  are  now  in  common  use. 

Purchas,  Arthur  Quyon,  musician  and 
composer,  author  of  "  First  Lessons  for 
Singing  Classes,"  London,  1849.  Compiler 
of  "  The  New  Zealand  Hymnal  .  .  .  with 
tunes,"  London,  1871. 

Purday,  Charles  Henry,  composer  and 
writer,  born  at  Folkestone,  January  11,  1799. 
He  was  a  publisher  of  music  in  London,  and 
lecturer  on  musical  topics  in  London  and  the 
English  provinces,  and  at  one  time  a  vocalist 
of  some  repute.  Cliiefly  celebrated  as  a  re- 
former of  the  laws  relating  to  musical  copy- 
right. He  acted  for  some  j-ears  as  conductor 
of  Psalmody  to  the  Scotch  Church,  in  Crown 
Court,  Covent  Garden,  London.  He  died  at 
London,  April  23,  1885. 

Works. — The  Sacred  Musical  Offering,  Lon  - 
don,  1833.  Copj'righr,  a  sketch  of  its  rise  and 
progress  .  .  .  ,  Lond  n,  1877  ;  Crown  Court 
Psalmody,  one  hundred  Psalm  tunes  and 
chants  .  .  .  ,  1854  ;  Church  and  Home  Tune 
Book  .  .  .  ,  London  [1857].  Songs  of  Peace 
and  Joy,  1879  (F.  R.  Havergal).  Writer  and 
comj^oser  of  a  considerable  number  of  songs — 
Down  among  the  barley.  Home  of  mj'  fathers, 
Maid  of  Llanwellyn,  Old  Yew  tree,  Real  ould 
Irish  Gintleman,  etc.  Joint  editor  with  John 
Thomas  of  a  large  volume  of  W'elsh  airs. 
Trios  for  female  voices  ;  two  volumes  of  chil- 
dren's songs,  etc.  He  composed  "Sandon," 
"Notting  Hill,"  and  other  well-known  hymns; 
Elementarj'  exercises  in  the  art  of  Singing, 
London  [1851]. 


PYNE. 

Purdie,  Robert,  Scots  musician,  who 
flourished  in  Edinburgh  as  a  music-seller 
early  in  the  present  century.  He  issued  "  A 
Complete  Repository  of  Strathspeys,  reels, 
jigs,  favourite  airs  and  waltzes  for  the  flute 
or  violin,"  Edinburgh,  n.d.  The  firm  existed 
in  Edinburgh  till  about  1887. 

Purkis,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born,  Loudon,  1781 ;  died  there  in  1849. 
When  twelve  months  old  he  became  blind. 
He  was  a  performer  on  the  apoUonicon  and 
an  organist.  He  composed  some  organ  music. 
Fantasias  for  pf.  on  popular  airs,  marches, 
etc.  Songs:  Magpie  and  the  maid.  Pale  the 
moonbeam  shone.  The  Reprieve,  Soug  for 
British  Volunteers  [1805] . 

Pye,  Kellow  John,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  Exeter,  February  9,  1812.  Entered 
R.A.jM.  1823,  receving  from  Cipriani  Potter 
the  first  pianoforte  lesson  given  there.  Stu- 
died composition  under  Dr.  Crotch.  Won 
the  Gresham  Prize,  1832,  with  his  anthem 
for  five  voices,  "Turn  Thee  again,  0  Lord." 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1842 ;  elected 
F.R.A.M.  Resided  in  Exeter  after  leaving 
the  R.A.M.  in  1829 ;  but  later  entered  into 
business  in  London,  where  he  also  connected 
himself  with  the  management  of  the  R.A.j\I., 
and  other  institutions.  He  is  now  living  in 
retirement  at  Exmouth.  His  compositions 
include  a  five-part  anthem  (Degree  Exercise), 
0  Lord,  Thou  art  my  God ;  Three  Short  Full 
Anthems ;  Children  of  Fancy,  and  other 
glees,  songs,  and  pf.  pieces.  His  latest  pub- 
lications were  a  Melody  and  Farewell,  for 
clarinet  and  pf.,  1889. 

Pyne,  James  Kendrick,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  August  21,  1810. 
His  father,  J.^mes  Kendrick  Pyne — born, 
1785  ;  died,  1857 — was  a  noted  tenor  singer 
in  his  day.  Pyne  was  one  of  the  early  pupils 
of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Music,  studying 
under  Dr.  Crotch.  In  1828  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  St.  Mark's,  Clerkenwell ;  and  in 
1839  was  chosen  organist  of  Bath  Abbey,  an 
office  he  held  for  half-a-century.  He  was 
awarded  the  Gresham  Prize  in  1840,  and  his 
compositions  included  Church  Services,  an- 
thems, part-songs,  etc.  In  February,  1890,  he 
was  publicly  presented  with  testimonials  from 
his  professional  friends,  and  from  the  Abbey 
congregation  and  citizens  of  Bath,  in  com- 
memoration of  his  Jubilee  as  organist.  He 
died  while  on  a  visit  to  his  son,  J.  K.  Pyne 
(notice  below),  March  2,  1893.  His  sister, 
Louisa  Aubert  Pyne  (Mrs.  Willmore),  was 
organist  at  St  John's  District  Church,  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Pancras,  circa  1857.  She  com- 
posed songs  and  pf.  pieces. 

Pyne,  James  Kendrick,  organist  and 
composer,  son  of  the  preceding,  born  at  Bath, 
Ferbuary  5,  18.2.  Studied  under  his  father 
and  Dr.'S.  S.  Wesley.     W^as  organist  of  All 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


333 


PYNE. 

Saints',  Bath,  when  eleven  ;  and  assistant  to 
Dr.  Wesley  at  Winchester  and  Gloucester 
Cathedrals.  After  holding  appointments  at 
Cheltenham  and  other  places,  he  was  made 
organist  of  Chichester  Cathedral,  in  1874 ; 
and  in  1875,  he  went  to  America,  where 
he  remained  about  a  year.  He  was  then 
appointed  to  Manchester  Cathedral,  and 
later,  organist  of  the  Town  Hall.  Professor 
of  Manchester  Royal  College  of  Music,  1893. 
F.R.A  M.  He  has  given  recitals  in  all  parts 
of  the  Kingdom,  and  is  one  of  the  most 
brilliant  organ  pKyers  of  the  day.  His 
lectures  on  music,  and  oo  antique  musical 
instruments,  of  which  he  has  a  fine  collection, 
have  been  of  educational  value.  He  has  also 
contributed  occasional  articles  to  the  musical 
press.  He  is  the  composer  of  a  Festival 
Communion  Service,  with  orchestra;  Morning 
and  Evening  Services  ;  songs  ;  pf.  pieces  ;  etc. 
MiNTON  Pyne,  his  brother,  was  sometime 
assistant-organist  at  ^lanchester  Cathedral, 
and,  in  1881,  appointed  to  St.  Mark's,  Phila- 
delphia, U.S.A.  He  also  was  a  pupil  of  Dr. 
S.  S.  Wesley.  His  recitals  in  America  gained 
him  a  high  reputation.  In  1888,  he  was  in 
England,  and  gave  a  recital  at  Bath  Abbey 
Church.  Miss  Zoe  Pyne,  a  sister,  is  a  violin- 
ist, and  studied  at  R.C.M.  She  has  given 
successful  concerts  at  Bath  (1888),  aud  Lon- 
don, etc. 

Pyne,  Louisa  Fanny,  or  Bodda,  soprano 
vocalist,  was  born  on  August  27,  1832, 
daughter  of  George  Pyne  (1790-1877),  an  alto 
singer.  Studied  under  Sir  George  Smart. 
First  appeared  in  public,  with  her  sister  (Mrs. 
F.  H.  Standing),  18i2.  Sang  in  Paris,  1847. 
Appeared  at  Boulogne  in  "  La  Sonnambula," 
1849.  Debut  on  L-ndon  stage  as  Zerlina  in 
"  Don  Juan,"  October,  1849  Sang  afterwards 
at  the  principal  theatres  and  concerts  in 
London.  Appeared  in  America,  with  her  sister 
and  Wm.  Harrison,  1854-56.  Established, 
with  Wm.  Harrison,  the  "  Harrison-Pyne " 
English  opera  company,  which  performed 
with  much  success  in  Britain,  and  produced 
a  number  of  famous  English  operas,  1856-62. 
Married  Frank  Bodda,  a  baritone  vocalist, 
1868,  and  retired  from  the  stage.  Teacher  of 
singing  in  London.  Her  voice  was  a  clear 
soprano  of  great  compass,  and  possessed  of 
much  expressive  power.  She  excelled  in  such 
works  as  Wallace's  "Mari  tana"  and  '•Lurline"; 
Balfe's  "Bohemian  Girl"  and  "Rose  of  Cas- 
tile "  ;  and  it  is  due  to  her  no  less  than  to 
Harrison,  that  the  English  opera  flourished 
so  successfully  under  their  management.  In 
1896,  she  received  an  allowance  from  the  Civil 
List.  Her  husband,  Frank  Bodda,  born  about 
1823,  was  a  pupil  of  the  R.A.M.  Sang  in  opera 
in  London  and  Boulogne,  1848-9 ;  and  was  also 
heard  in  the  concert-room.  He  died  March 
14,  1892,  aged  69. 


RADIGER. 

Quarles,  Charles,  organist  and  composer 
of  the  early  part  of  the  18th  century.  He 
was  organist  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
and  in  1698  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cam- 
bridge. In  1722  he  was  made  organist  of 
York  Minster.  He  died  at  York,  in  1727. 
He  composed  lessons  for  the  harpsichord,  etc. 

Quatremayne,  Frank,  or  Smile.s,  bass 
vocalist,  born  at  Devonport,  November  19, 
1848.  Studied  pianoforte  and  theory  under 
Charles  Noble  ;  and  singing,  first  with  the 
late  H.  C.  Deacon,  then  with  Campana  and 
Caravoglia.  After  singing  in  public  for  about 
three  years,  from  1880,  he  went  to  Milan, 
and  studied  under  Antonio  Sangiovanni. 
Since  then  he  has  sung  at  the  principal  con- 
certs in  London  and  the  provinces,  devoting 
himself,  the  last  few  years,  chiefly  to  teaching, 
and  numbers  among  his  pupils  several  suc- 
cessful singers  of  the  day.  He  is  tlie  author 
of  a  treatise,  "  Correct  voice  production "" 
(Weekes),  etc.  His  father  is  William  Smiles, 
C.B.,  and  he  is  nephew  of  Samuel  Smiles, 
LL.D.,  author  of  "  Self-Help,"  etc. 

Quin,  Francis  Stainstreet,  organist  of 
Monkstown  Church,  Dublin.  Was  a  pro- 
minent Freemason,  having  risen  to  the  32nd 
degree.     He  died,  June  14,  1882,  aged  54. 

Quinton,  Mrs.  H.  A.,  see  Rosse,  Jeanie. 

Radcliff,  John,  flutist,  born  in  Liverpool. 
Studied  under  S.  Percival,  Liverpool,  and  at 
R.A.M.,  of  which  institution  he  is  a  Fellow. 
Became  principal  flutist  in  the  orchestra  of 
the  Royal  Italian  Opera,  after  the  death  of 
Pratten  ;  also  in  the  orchest  as  of  the  Three 
Choirs  Festivals  ;  Leeds  Festivals,  1874,  1880, 
and  1883 ;  Handel  Festivals,  1868,  etc  Lec- 
tured on  the  Flute,  Ancient  and  Modern,  at 
the  London  Institution,  1882.  Toured  in 
Australia,  1883-4,  and  was  presented  by  the 
Melbourne  Liedertafel  with  their  Golden 
Lyre,  only  conferred  on  artists  of  the  highest- 
distinction.  Re-appeared  at  the  Promenade 
Concerts,  London,  in  1886;  and  began  a 
concert-lecture  entertainment, entitled  "From 
Pan  to  Pinafore,"  in  1888.  In  1896-7  he  was 
on  tour  in  South  Africa  with  Madame  Fanny 
Moody's  party.  His  wife  is  the  esteemed 
vocalist  known  as  Madame  Pauline  Rita, 
who  has  appeared  at  the  London  and  Pro- 
vincial concerts. 

Radiger,  Anton,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Chatham  in  1749,  of  German  parents. 
He  died  in  1817.  Composer  of  a  number  of 
psalm  tunes,  such  as  "  Praise,"  "  Compas- 
sion," "  Denton's  Green,"  etc.  "  Four  setts 
of  new  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  in  3  and  4 
parts,"  London,  n.d.  Four  new  Hymn  Tunes, 
London  [1810].  Three  duetts  for  2  violins, 
op.  4  [1796].  Two  favourite  sonatas  for  pf. 
or  harpsichord,  op.  5.  Miscellaneous  music 
for  pf.,  songs,  etc. 


334 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


RADNOR. 

Radnor,  Countess  of,  formerly  Vis- 
couutess  Folkestone,  amateur  musician. 
Assisted  the  establishment  of  the  R.C.M., 
by  organizing  concerts  with  an  orchestra  of 
ladies.  One,  given  at  Stafford  House,  under 
her  conductorship,  June  29,  1882,  realizing 
more  than  £850  towards  the  funds  of  the 
College.  She  has  conducted  concerts  in  the 
country,  at  St.  James'  Hall,  etc.,  from  that 
time  onwards ;  also  appeared  as  vocalist  at 
the  People's  Entertainment  Socieiy's  Con- 
certs, etc.  Some  songs  of  hers  have  been 
published,  and  she  is  the  musical  editor  of 
"  An  Order  of  Service  for  Children,"  Novello. 

Rafftor,  Catherine,  see  Clive, 
Catherine. 

Rainforth,  Elizabeth,  soprano  vocalist, 
born  November  23,  1814.  She  studied  under 
T.  Cooke,  and  George  Perry.  Appeared  in 
Arne's  "  Artaxerxes,"  at  St.  James's  Theatre, 
18.S6.  Afterwards  she  studied  under  Crivelli, 
and  sang  at  the  Philharmonic  Concerts,  Con- 
cert of  Ancient  Music,  provincial  concerts, 
etc.  She  was  the  original  Arline  in  Balfe's 
"Bohemian  Girl,"  18-13,  and  sang  in  drama 
tic  pieces  in  Dublin,  etc.  She  resided  in 
Edinburgh,  1S52-5G.  Retired,  and  lived  as  a 
teacher  at  Old  Windsor,  from  abouD  1858. 
After  1871,  resided  at  Bristol.  She  died  at 
Redland,  Bristol,  September  22,  1877. 

Ralph,  Francis,  violinist,  was  born  in 
1847.  He  studied  at  the  H.A.M.,  and  was  a 
professor  of  the  violin  there.  He  gave  many 
good  and  interesting  chamber  concerts,  in 
which,  latterly,  he  was  assisted  by  his  wife, 
Kate  Roberts,  a  pianist.  He  died  at  Lon- 
don, September  8,  1887.  His  wife,  daughter 
of  Ellis  Roberts  (q-v.),  was  born  in  London, 
and  studied  at  the  London  Academy  of 
Music,  where  she  was  presented  with  a 
Scholarship  by  ^Madame  Schumann.  I'layed 
at  a  National  Eisteddfod  when  sixteen,  and 
received  the  bardic  name  of  Morfida.  Ap- 
peared with  success  at  the  New  Philharmonic, 
Crystal  Palace,  and  other  concerts,  and  has 
continued  to  give  chamber  concerts  at  the 
Queen's  Hall,  etc.  Her  compositions  are 
numerous,  but  only  a  few  pieces  for  violin 
and  pf.  have  been  published. 

Ramage,  Adam,  music  teacher  and  com- 
piler, was  born  at  Edinburgh,  October  10, 
1788.  He  was  precentor  of  St.  Andrew's 
Parish  Church,  Edinburgh,  from  1838,  and 
in  184G  he  became  singing-master  at 
Heriot's  Hospital  Schools.  He  died  in  Edin- 
burgh, April  5,  1863.  He  edited  "  The  Sacred 
Harmony  of  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Edinburgh, 
in  four  vocal  parts,  with  accompaniment  for 
the  organ  or  pianoforte,"  Edinburgh,  1843. 

Ramsay,  DugaldCarmichael,  musician 
who   was   born   at    Rothesay   in    3  818,    and 
died  at  Glasgow,  August  12,  1891.     He  was 
author  of    "  Four   Diagrams   illustrative   of 


RANSFORD. 

intervals,  scales,  and  chords."  Glasgow, 
1860. 

Ramsay,  Edward  Bannerman  Bur= 
nett,  Scottish  Episcopal  clergyman  and 
writer,  born  at  Aberdeen,  January  81,  1798. 
Dean  of  Diocese  of  Edinburgh,  1846.  He 
died  at  Edinburgh,  December  27,  1872. 
Author  of  "  Two  Lectures  on  the  Genius  of 
Handel,  and  the  distinctive  character  of  his 
sacred  compositions,"  Edinburgh,  1862 ; 
"  Proposals  for  providing  a  peal  of  bells  for 
Edinburgh,"  1863;  "The  Use  of  Organs  in 
Christian  Worship,"  Edinburgh,  1865,  etc. 
Ramsay  is  best  known  by  his  "Reminiscences 
of  Scottish  lif_'and  character,"  an  interesting 
and  valuable  collection  of  anecdotes. 

Ramsay,  James,  musician,  born  at  Kil- 
winning, in  1812,  died  September  10,  1888. 
He  composed  tunes  in  the  "  Universal  Tune 
Book,"  songs,  etc. 

Ramsey,  Robert,  organist  and  composer, 
of  latter  part  of  the  16th  and  beginning  of 
17th  centuries.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Cambridge,  in  1616,  anfl  was  organist  of 
Trinity  College.  He  composed  a  Service  in 
F,  and  various  anthems. 

Randall,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  1715.  Chorister  in  Chapel  Royal 
under  B.  Gates.  Mus.  Bac,  Cantab.,  1744. 
Organist  of  Trinity  College,  St.  John's  College, 
King's  College,  1775,  and  Pembroke  Hall, 
Cambridge.  Professor  of  Music  Cambridge 
LTniversity,  in  succession  to  M.  Greene,  1755. 
Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1756.  He  died  at  Cam- 
bridge, March  18,  1799,  aged  83.  Composer 
of  odes,  anthems,  psalms,  and  chants,  and  a 
"  Collection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes, 
some  of  which  are  new,  others  by  permission 
of  the  authors."  Cambridge,  1794.  Songs  : 
Happy  Swain,  Hopeless  Love,  Shepherd's 
Wedding. 

Randall,  Richard,  tenor  vocalist,  was 
born  on  September  1,  1786.  He  studied 
under  B.  Gates,  and  sang  principally  in  the 
works  of  Handel.     He  died  on  April  15,  1828. 

Randies,  Elizabeth,  pianist,  born  at 
Wrexham,  August  1,  1800.  Known  as  the 
"  little  Cambrian  prodigy."  Gave  very  early 
indications  of  a  talent  for  music,  which  was 
encouraged  by  her  father  [1760-1823] ,  a  blind 
harper  and  organist  in  Wrexham.  She 
studied  under  John  Parry,  and  appeared  in 
London  and  the  English  provinces.  She  was 
a  teacher  for  a  time  in  Liverpool,  and  died 
in  1829. 

Ransford,  Edwin,  baritone  vocalist  and 
composer,  born  at  Bourton-on-the-Water, 
Gloucester,  March  13,  1805.  He  sang  in 
London  theatres  in  opera,  and  also  as  a 
concert  vocalist.  Latterly  he  engaged  in 
music  publishing,  lie  died  at  London,  July 
11,  1876.  Composer  of  a  number  of  ballads, 
many    of    which    were     issued    under    the 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


335 


RATCLIFFE. 

pseudonym  of  "Aquila."  Among  them  may  be 
named — I'eautiful  Sea,  Friar  Tuck's  chauiit, 
Harvest  Home,  Oak  and  the  Ivy,  Winter 
Night,  etc.  ;  Gipsy  life  and  character  [1845], 
a  collection  of  songs  written  in  conjunction 
■with  Glover.  His  son,  Willi.\m  Edwin,  was 
also  a  publisher,  pianist,  and  tenor  singer, 
who  composed  some  vocal  music.  He  died  at 
London.  September  21,  1890,  aged  64. 

Ratcliffe,  James,  composer,  born  in  1751. 
He  was  a  lay-vicar  in  Durham  Cathedral,  and 
died  in  1818.  Composer  of  church  music, 
including  anthems,  psalms,  and  chants. 

Ravenscroft,  John,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, was  one  of  the  Waits  of  the  Tower 
Hamlets,  and  a  violinist  in  Goodman's  Fields 
Theatre.  He  died  in  1745.  He  published  a 
collection  of  hornpppes,  also  sonatas  f^r 
stringed  instruments ;  also  songs,  such  as 
Foolish  woman,  fly  men's  charms  [1740],  etc. 

Ravenscroft,  Thomas,  composer  and 
editor,  was  born  in  1592  [1582] .  He  became 
a  chorister  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London, 
under  Edward  Pearce.  j\Ius.  Bac,  Cantab., 
1607      He  died  at  London  in  1635. 

WoKKS. — Pammelia,  IMusicke's  Miscellanie, 
or  Mixed  varietie  of  pleasant  Roudelayes  and 
delightful  Catches  of  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8.  9,  10 
parts  in  one.  London,  1609.  2nd  edition, 
1618.  Deuteromelia :  or  the  Second  part  of 
Musick  s  Melodic,  or  melodious  Musicke  of 
pleasant  Roundelais,  K.  H.  mirth,  or  Free- 
men's Songs,  and  such  delightful  Catches. 
London,  1609.  Melismata;  musical  Phansies, 
fitting  the  Court,  Citie,  and  Country  huinours, 
to  three,  four,  and  five  vovces.  London, 
1611.  The  Whole  Booke  of  the  Psalmes,  with 
Hymnes  Evangelicall  and  Songs  Spiritual, 
composed  into  4  parts  by  sundry  authors,  to 
such  severall  tunes  as  have  been  and  are 
usually  sung  in  England,  Scotland,  Wales, 
Germany,  Italy,  France,  and  the  Netherlands. 
London,  1621.  2nd  edition,  1633.  Selections 
from  the  works  of  ThomaS  Ravenscroft,  a 
musical  composer  in  the  time  of  King  James 
1.  (Roxburghe  Club).  London,  n.d.  A  briefe 
Discourse  of  the  True  but  neglected  use  of 
Charact'rlng  the  Degrees  by  their  Perfection, 
Imperfection,  and  Diminution  in  Mensurable 
Musicke,  against  the  common  practise  and 
custome  of  these  times.     London,  1614. 

Ravenscroft  is  best  known  by  his  "  Booke 
of  Psalmes,"  a  work  of  much  importance, 
containing  contributions  by  Tallis,  Dowland, 
Morley,  Farnaby,Tomkins,  Pearson,  Parsons, 
Hooper,  Kirbye,  Allison,  Farmer,  Bennet, 
Milton,  Cranford,  Harrison,  and  the  editor. 
It  has  been  drawn  upon  by  nearly  every  suc- 
ceeding compiler  of  psalmody,  and  is  now  a 
somewhat  rare  work.  It  is  worthy  of  notice 
that  his  "Pammelia"  is  the  earliest  collection 
of  rounds  and  canons  published  in  Britain. 
Rawlings,  Thomas,  violinist,  born  about 


RAYMOND. 

1703.  He  studied  under  Pepusch,  and  per- 
formed at  Handel's  oratorios  when  they  were 
originallv  produced.  Organist  of  Chelsea 
Hospital",  1753.     He  died  in  1767. 

Rawlings,  Robert,  violinist,  son  of  above, 
was  born  in  London,  in  1742.  He  studied 
under  his  father  and  Barsanti.  Organist  of 
Chelsea  College,  1759.  Musical  page  to  the 
Duke  of  York,  till  1767.  ISIember  of  private 
band  of  George  III.     He  died  in  1814. 

Rawlings,  Thomas  A.,  composer  and 
violinist,  son  of  Robert,  above-noted,  was  born 
at  London,  in  1775.  He  studied  under  R. 
Rawlings  and  Dittenhofer,  and  became  a 
violinist  at  the  Opera,  the  Ancient,  Vocal,  and 
Professional  Concerts,  etc.  Teacher  in  Lon- 
don. He  died  about  middle  of  present  century. 
W^ORKS. — Concert!  di  Camera,  for  pf.,  flute, 
violins,  viola,  and  'cello.  Instrumentai :  Three 
sonatas  for  harpsichord  and  violin,  op.  1 
[1793]  ;  Six  new  waltzes  for  pf.,  op.  2  [1794] ; 
Duet  for  harp  and  pf . ;  and  a  large  number  of 
divertimentos,  marches,  arrangements,  etc. 
Songs :  Bee's  wing ;  Evergreen  leaf ;  Hither, 
love,  hither;  Home  of  youth;  Lila's  a  lady; 
0  'twas  sad ;  Oh  come  to  me ;  Oh  what  a 
pity  ;  Sabbath  bells ;  Strike  the  guitar  ;  W^eep 
not,  thou  lovely  one ;  When  spring  time  was 
gay.  Also  in  collected  form,  "  Selection  of 
Foreign  Melodies"  [1825],  and  "Songs  to 
Rosa"  [1826],  with  endless  contributions  to 
the  musical  annuals.  Rawlings  is  usually 
identified  with  the  well-known  song,  "  Isle  of 
Beauty,"  which,  however,  was  only  arranged, 
not  composed,  by  him,  but  a  Major  C.  S. 
Whitmore  (q.v.)  [1830]. 

Rawlins,  Rev.  John,  clergyman,  was 
rector  of  Leigh.  Author  of  "  The  Power  of 
Musick,  and  the  particular  influence  of 
Church  ^Musick :  a  sermon  preached  in  the 
Cathedral  Church  of  Worcester  .  ,"  1773. 

Rayleigh,  Lord,  John  William  Strutt, 
D.C.L.,  LL.D.,  F.R.S.,  Third  Baron,  born 
November  12,  1842,  and  succeeded  to  the  title 
on  the  death  of  his  father  in  1873.  Educated 
at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge.  Senior 
Wrangler,  1865.  Author  of  a  work  on  "  The 
Theory  of  Sound,"  2  vols.  Second  edition, 
1896.  Papers  read  before  the  ^Musical  Asso- 
ciation, etc. 

Raymond,  Fanny,  Mrs.  Raymond-Riiter, 
English  poetess  and  musician,  who  married 
Frederick  Louis  Ritter  (born  1834 ;  died  1891). 
French-American  author  and  musician.  She 
has  written  "  Woman  as  a  musician,  an  art 
historical  study,"  London,  1877 ;  "  Some 
Famous  Songs,  an  art  historical  sketch," 
London,  1878;  "Songs  and  Ballads,"  New 
York,  1888,  etc.  Translator  of  Ehlert's 
Letters  on  Music  to  a  Lady,  1877,  and  Schu- 
mann's Music  and  Musicians,  1877-80,  2  vols. 
According  to  a  statement  on  page  49  of  her 
"  Songs   and   Ballads,"    she   is  a   native  of 


836 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY, 


REA. 

England,  having  been  born  "  By  Avon  water 
and  Arden  wood." 

Rea,  William,  organist,  conductor,  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  March  25,  1827. 
Articled  pupil  of  Josiah  Pittman,  and  later 
studied  pf.  under  Sterndale  Bennett,  and  in 
1849  for  a  short  time  was  at  Leipzig  and 
Prague,  studying  under  Moscheles,  Richter, 
and  Dreyschock.  Deputised  as  organist  for 
Pittman  ;  was  appointed  to  Christ  Church, 
Watling  Street,  1843  ;  St.  Andrew's  Uuder- 
shaft  to  1858,  when  he  went  to  St.  ^Michael's, 
Stockwell.  Played  at  concerts  of  the  Society 
of  British  Musicians  ;  gave  chamber  concerts ; 
acted  as  accompanist  for  the  Harmonic 
Union  ;  established  and  conducted  the  Pol- 
hymnia  Choir  of  Men's  Voices,  1856,  and 
was  brought  into  contact  with  Mendelssohn 
and  other  eminent  coinposers.  In  ISGO  he 
was  appointed  organist  to  the  Corporation 
of  Newcastle-on-Tyne.  His  church  appoint- 
ments were  at  St.  Thomas's,  St.  Andrew's, 
St.  Mary's,  North  Shields,  1864-78 ;  and  St. 
Hilda's,  South  Shielas,  to  present  time.  He 
has  been  a  hard  worker  for  musical  culture 
in  the  North ;  besides  giving  his  recitals,  he 
formed  several  societies,  giving  many  im- 
portant concerts,  and  introducing  great  works 
to  the  locality.  His  orchestral  concerts, 
started  in  1867,  were  carried  on  for  nine 
years.  He  still  conducts  the  Newcastle 
Amateur  Vocal  Society.  His  Corporation 
appointment  he  resigned  in  1888.  He  was 
elected  an  Hon.  Fellow  of  the  College  of 
Organists,  and  in  1886  the  honorary  degree  of 
Mus.  Doc.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  the 
University  of  Durham.  His  compositions 
include  "  Sing,  0  daughter  of  Zion,"  "  0, 
give  thanks,"  and  other  anthems  ;  a  Jubilee 
Ode,  composed  for  the  Newcastle  Exhibition, 
1887 ;  various  songs,  and  pieces  for  organ 
and  pf.  Emma  Mary  Rea,  his  wife,  was  a 
daughter  of  W.  S.  B.  Woolhouse  (q-v.),  and  an 
accomplished  pianist,  L.R.A.M.  and  A.R.C.M. 
She  was  closely  identified  with  the  musical 
life  of  Newcastle  for  over  thirty  years.  She 
died  suddenly,  of  apoplexy.  May  6,  1893. 

Read,  Charles  John,  organist  and  com- 
poser. Compiled  "Parochial  Psalmist:  a 
manual  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes  for  con- 
gregational singing,  for  four  voices,"  Salis- 
bury, 1854  ;  "  The  Te  Deum,  the  Jubilate, 
etc.,  of  the  Catholic  Church,  performed  at 
Stratford  and  at  Hanover  Chapel,  Regent 
Street  .  .  ."  London,  1855;  songs,  pf. 
music,  etc. 

Read,  Frederick  John,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Faversham,  Kent.  Studied 
under  Drs.  Sloman,  C.  \V.  Corfe,  and  J.  F. 
Bridge.  Appointed  organist  of  Christ  Church, 
Reading,  1876,  where  he  remained  ten  years, 
during  which  time  he  founded  the  Reading 
Orpheus   Society  (1882),  and  gave  concerts. 


READ. 

Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1876  ;  Mus.  Doc.  1891,. 
Oxford.  In  1887  he  took  up  his  duties  as 
organist  of  Chichester  Cathedral,  where  he 
is  still  in  office.  Conductor  of  Chichester 
Musical  Society. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Sigurd,  men's  voices, 
produced  Oxford,  1892  ;  The  Song  of  Hannah, 
produced  Cardiff,  1895.  Scena,  The  Eve  of 
the  Battle,  baritone  solo  and  men's  chorus, 
Reading,  1889.  Meadowcroft  prize  anthem, 
"  Let  my  complaint,"  1879 ;  anthems,  ser- 
vices, etc.  Madrigals :  Love  wakes  and 
weeps  (six  voices) ;  j\Iy  dearest  love  (seven 
voices) ;  Daffodils  (eight  voices) ;  part  songs, 
etc. ;  organ  pieces. 

Read,  John  Francis  Holcombe,  musi- 
cal amateur  and  composer,  born  at  Port 
Royal,  Kingston,  Jamaica,  October  29,  1821. 
Sent  to  his  grandparents  at  Woolwich  when 
four  months  old.  Began  to  learn  the  violin 
when  about  twelve  from  a  member  of  the 
Royal  Artillery  Band,  subsequently  studying 
composition  with  G.  A.  Macfarren.  Was 
appointed  to  the  War  Office,  afterwards 
entering  the  Stock  Exchange.  Resided  at 
Walthamstow  for  nearly  forty  years ;  now 
resident  in  London.  Was  County  Magistrate 
for  Essex,  and  for  some  j'ears  a  Vice-President, 
and  member  of  the  Committee  of  Manage- 
ment of  R.A.M.  In  1867  the  Walthamstow 
Musical  Society  was  formed,  and  Mr.  Read 
was  elected  President  and  Conductor.  For 
twenty-five  years  he  gave  his  time  to  it,  and 
wrote  for  it  many  of  his  choral  works,  besides 
producing  the  standard  compositions  of  all 
masters.  He  raised  Walthamstow  to  an  im- 
portant musical  centre,  and  to  him  the  town 
is  indebted  for  the  Victoria  Hall,  and  the 
Festival  which  inaugurated  it  in  1887.  Mr. 
Read  was  also  President  of  the  Stock  Ex- 
change Orchestral  Society  for  some  years  from 
its  foundation  in  1885. 

Works. — Cantatas,  etc. :  Homeward  Bound, 
produced,  Walthamstow,  1868;  Consecration 
of  the  Banner;  Psyche,  1873;  Carastacus, 
1882;  Bartimeus,  1885;  Harold,  composed 
for  the  Walthamstow  Festival,  November  24, 
1887;  In  the  Forest,  1890;  The  Death  of 
Young  Romilly,  1891 ;  both  for  men's  voices, 
and  produced  by  the  Stock  Exchange  Society 
at  St.  James's  Hall.  The  Hesperus,  cantata, 
1896.  Orchestral :  Concert  Overture,  com- 
posed for  the  first  concert  of  the  Stock 
Exchange  Society,  December  18,  1885 ;  Sym- 
phony, Evangeline,  the  same,  February  20, 
1889 ;  Funeral  March  (In  Memoriam,  the  late 
Duke  of  Clarence)  1892.  Chamber  music, 
operettas,  and  orchestral  works  in  MS. 
Woodland  Waltzes,  for  voices  and  pf.  duet ;  a 
large  number  of  songs  and  part-songs,  etc. 
Of  these  works  many  have  enjoyed  much 
popularity,  and  have  been  given  in  various 
parts  of  the  kingdom,  and  in  America. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


337 


EEADE. 

Reade,  Charles,  novelist,  was  born  in 
1814 ;  died,  London,  April  11,  1884.  Author 
of  "  Cremona  Violins,  four  letters  descriptive 
of  those  Exhibited  in  1873  at  the  South  Ken- 
sington Museum,  also  giving  the  data  for 
producing  the  True  varnishes  used  by  the 
great  Cremona  makers,  reprinted  from  the 
Pall  Mall  Gazette  by  George  H.  M.  Muntz," 
Gloucester,  1873 ;  also  reprinted  in  Reade's 
miscellaneous  works  entitled  "  Readiana." 
Beade  is  best  known  by  his  novels  "  Hard 
Cash,"  "  It  is  never  too  late  to  mend,"  etc. 

Reading,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  probably  some  time  before  the  middle 
of  the  17th  century.  Lay-vicar  of  Lincoln 
Cathedral,  1667,  and  Master  of  the  choristers 
there,  1670.  Organist  of  Winchester  Cathe- 
dral, 1675-81 ;  and  of  Winchester  College, 
1681.  He  died  at  Winchester  in  1692.  Com- 
posed an  "Election  Grace"  for  the  scholars 
of  Winchester  College;  "  Dulce  Domum,"  a 
hymn,  printed  in  Harmonia  Wiccamica  ;  and 
is  stated  to  have  composed  the  well-known 
hymn,  "  Adeste  Fideles,"  otherwise  the 
Portuguese  Hymn." 

Reading,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
son  of  above,  was  born  in  1677.  Chorister  in 
Chapel  Royal,  where  he  studied  under  Dr. 
Blow.  Organist  of  Dulwich  College,  London, 
1700-1702.  Lay-vicar.  1702,  and  Master  of 
choristers,  Lincoln  Cathedral,  1703.  Organist 
of  St.  John's,  Hackney,  London  ;  St.  Mary, 
Woolnoth ;  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West ;  St. 
Mary,  Woolchurchhaw.  He  died  at  London, 
September  2,  1764. 

He  composed  "  A  Book  of  New  Anthems, 
containing  a  hundred  plaies  fairly  engraved 
with  a  thorough-bass  figur'd  for  the  Organ  or 
Harpsichord,  with  proper  Ritornels,"  London 
[1715];  "A  Book  of  New  Songs  (after  the 
Italian  manner),  with  symphonies,  a  thorough- 
bass fitted  to  the  harpsichord,  etc.,  all  within 
ye  compass  of  the  flute.".  .London  [1720]. 
Sold  by  the  author  at  his  house  in  Arundel 
Street,  Strand.  To  him  has  also  been  attri- 
buted the  composition  of  "Adeste  Fideles." 
Another  John  Reading  was  organist  of 
Chichester  Cathedral  from  1674  to  1720. 

Reading,  Rev.  John,  clergyman,  was 
prebendary  of  Canterbury  Cathedral.  Author 
of  "  A  Sermon  lately  delivered  in  the  Cathe- 
dral Church  of  Canterbury,  concerning  church 
musick."     London,  1663. 

Reakes,  Albert,  bass  vocalist  and  con- 
ductor. Studied  at  the  London  Academy  of 
Music  ;  also  a  R.C.M.  Conductor  of  West 
Loudon  Male  Voice  Union,  and  was  assistant- 
conductor  of  the  Bath  Philharmonic  Society, 
1887  ;  conductor  of  New  Swindon  Choral  and 
Orchestral  Union.  Composer  of  glees:  To 
the  Rose ;  Love's  a  thing  as  I  do  hear  (men's 
voices),  etc. 

Reay,   Samuel,   organist  and  composer, 


REDDIE. 

born  at  Hexham,  March  17,  1822.  Son  of 
Georgk  Agnew  Reay,  organist  of  Hexham 
Abbey  Church.  Showed  early  aptitude  for 
music,  and  when  eight  years  of  age,  hie 
father  having  removed  to  Rytou-on-Tyne,  he 
was  admitted  a  chorister  at  Durham  Cathe- 
dral. Studied  under  W.  Henshaw,  the  Cathe- 
dral organist,  and  received  valuable  instruction 
from  the  Rev.  Peter  Penson,  then  precenter. 
On  leaving  Durham,  he  was  placed  under 
James  Stimpson,  organist  of  St.  Andrew's, 
Newcastle,  whom  he  succeeded  in  1841,  after 
holding  appointments  at  North  Shields  and 
Houghton-le-Spring.  In  1845,  he  became 
organist  of  St  Thomas',  Barras  Bridge,  New- 
castle ;  St.  Peter's,  Tiverton,  1847 ;  while 
there,  giving  lectures  on  the  History  of  Keyed 
Instruments.  Appointed  to  St.  John's, 
Hampstead,  1854 ;  St.  Saviour's,  Warwick 
Road,  1856  ;  St.  Stephen's,  Paddington  ;  and, 
in  1859,  succeeding  Dr.  E.  G.  Monk  as  organist 
and  precentor  of  St.  Peter's  College,  Radley.  In 
1861,  he  was  appointed  to  the  Parish  Church, 
Bury,  Lancashire,  famous  for  its  choir;  and 
in  1864,  succeeded  Dr.  Dearie  in  the  ancient 
and  important  office  of  Song  Schoolmaster  of 
the  Parish  Church,  Newark,  which  he  still 
retains.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1871. 
Has  given  organ  recitals  at  the  Bow  and 
Bromley  Institute,  at  the  Royal  Albert  Hall, 
and  at  other  places.  On  October  27, 1879,  he 
produced,  at  the  Institute  just  named,  Bach's 
"Coffee"  and  "Peasant"  cantatas,  for  the 
first  time  in  England  ;  the  English  text  pre- 
pared by  himself  and  Mrs.  Newton.  In  1891, 
he  was  invited  to  take  part  in  the  inaugura- 
tion of  the  new  organ  in  Newcastle  Cathedral. 
He  is  conductor  of  the  Newark  Philharmonic 
Society. 

Works. — Psalm  102,  for  solo,  chorus,  and 
strings  ;  Morning,  Evening,  and  Communion 
Service  in  F.  Anthems:  I  will  go  to  the 
Altar;  O  Lord,  why  sleepest  Thou?  0  sing 
unto  the  Lord ;  Rejoice  in  the  Lord  ;  and 
others.  Hymn  tunes  contributed  to  the 
Hymnary,  Bristol  Tune  Book,  and  other 
collections ;  chants,  etc.  Joint  editor,  with 
Drs.  Gauntlett  and  Bridge,  of  Dobson's 
Tunes  New  and  Old.  Part-songs  :  As  it  fell 
upon  a  day  ;  Fairest  daughter  of  the  day, 
composed  for  the  Jubilee  of  the  Bristol 
Madrigal  Society,  1887  ;  Dawn  of  Day  ;  Here 
let's  join  in  harmony ;  Huntsman,  rest ; 
English  hunting  song ;  I  lov'd  a  lass  ;  In  an 
arbour  green ;  Sweet  is  the  breath  of  early 
morn  ;  The  clouds  that  wrap  the  setting  sun  ; 
and  many  others,  all  of  which  have  been 
extensively  popular.  Edited  and  arranged 
Songs  and  Ballads  of  Northern  England 
(collect  d  bv  John  Stoke),  London,  Scott, 
1892. 

Reddie,  a  family  of  musicians.  Josiah 
Ferdinand    Reddie,   of    Scotch   extraction, 

V 


338 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


BEDFORD. 

was  bom  in  Loudon,  in  1797.  He  was 
apprenticed  to  John  Purkis,  and  afterwards 
to  S.  S.  Wesley,  who  pronounced  him,  while 
a  youth  of  eighteen,  to  be  the  best  extempore 
player  in  London.  Years  afterwards  he  pre- 
sented himself  in  rustic  guise  to  James  Turle 
at  Westminster  Abbey,  and  gaining  his  per- 
mission to  touch  tlie  organ,  so  surprised  him 
with  his  performance  that  the  two  became 
close  fri.-'nds.  Reddie  also  studied  under 
Thomas  Adams.  When  sixteen,  he  was  ap- 
pointed organist  of  Denmark  Hill  Chapel ; 
three  years  later  to  Rotherhithe  Church ;  to 
St.  Botolph,  Boston,  Lincolnshire,  1822;  St. 
Margaret's,  King's  Lvnn,  1826,  a  post  he  held 
until  his  death,  on  February  20,  1860.  His 
reputation  as  an  executant  was  very  great. 

JosiAH  Henry  Reddie,  son  of  the  pre- 
ceding, was  born  at  Boston,  Lincolnshire, 
April  2,  1822.  Studied  under  his  fatber,  and 
was  organist  for  some  years  at  All  Saints', 
Lynn,  and  succeeded  his  father  at  St.  Mar- 
garet's Church,  resigning  about  1893.  He  is 
still  living  at  Lynn. 

Chart.e.s  F.  R;:ddie,  son  of  the  preceding, 
is  a  pianist,  and  made  liis  first  appearance  at 
King's  Lynn  at  the  age  of  ten.  Studied  at 
R.A.M.  under  F.  Westlake  and  E.  Prout, 
receiving  the  certificate  of  merit  in  1884. 
Played  at  a  concert  of  the  St.  George's  Glee 
Union,  October,  1885,  with  great  success.  On 
leaving  K.  A.]\I.,  1886,  was  elected  an  Associate. 
Has  given  recitals  and  concerts  in  London 
and  the  provinces.  In  1896  be  was  appointed 
a  professor  of  pf.  at  the  R.A.M. 

Redford,  John,  organist  and  composer  of 
the  16th  century.  He  was  organist  and 
almoner,  and  master  of  choristers,  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  in  1543.  He  died  about  1546-7. 
Composed  the  well-known  antbem,  "  Rejoice 
in  the  Lord,"  as  well  as  several  similar  pieces 
in  various  collections. 

Redhead,  the  name  of  two  composers  of 
the  i^resent  time.  Alfred  Redhead  was 
appointed  organist  of  St.  Augustine's,  Kil- 
burn,  1878.  He  is  the  composer  of  two 
cantatas  for  female  voices,  "  The  Flower 
Pilgrims";  and  "Twelfth  Night";  also  of 
Christmas  carols  for  children  ;  two-part  songs 
for  children  ;  songs,  various,  etc. 

Edward  Redhead,  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1845.  He  haspublished  "  Short  Volun- 
taries for  the  organ,  four  books ;  pieces  for 
pf.,  etc. 

Redhead,  Richard,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Harrow,  March  1,  1820. 
Chorister  at  Magdalene  College,  Oxford,  and 
pupil  of  the  organist,  Walter  Vicary.  He 
was  appointed  organist  at  Margaret  Chapel 
(now  All  Saints'  Church),  Margaret  Street, 
London,  in  1839,  an  office  he  held  until  1864. 
He  officiated  for  a  short  time  as  organist  at 
St.  Andrew's,   Wells  Street,  in  1847.     From 


REED. 

1864  he  has  been  organist  at  St.  Mary  Mag- 
dalene's, Paddington. 

Works. — Church  !Music :  a  selection  of 
chants,  sanctuses,  aud  responses,  London, 
1840;  Laudes  Diurnse,  the  Psalter  and  Can- 
ticles in  the  Morning  and  Evening  Service, 
1848 ;  The  Order  for  Morning  and  Evening 
Prayer,  with  Litany  and  proper  Psalms  ; 
Proper  Psalms,  together  with  the  Gospel 
Canticles,  set  to  ancient  psalm  tunes;  Met- 
rical Litanies,  2  parts;  Hymns  for  Holy 
Seasons  ;  The  Celebrant's  Office  Book  ;  Parish 
Tune   Book,    compiled   by   G.    F.    Chambers 

.  .  .  London,  1868  ;  Ancient  Hymn 
Melodies  and  other  Church  tunes,  as  used  at 
All  Saints',  Margaret  Street;  Canticles  at 
Matins  and  Evensong,  adapted  to  the  ancient 
Psalm  chants  ;  JIusic  to  the  Divine  Liturgy; 
The  Cathedral  and  Church  Choir  Book, 
chiefly  adaptations  from  the  Latin  works  of 
the  great  masters  ;  Parochial  Church  Tune 
Book  and  Appendix  ;  Universal  Organist, 
5  books ;  Masses,  Te  Deum  in  D,  anthems, 
etc. 

Ree,  Louis,  English  pianist  and  composer, 
pupil  of  the  Stuttgart  Conservatorium,  and  of 
Leschetitzkj'  at  Vienna,  in  which  citj'  he  re- 
sides. Played  at  concerts,  Stuttgart,  18-6,  and 
in  February,  1888,  gave  what  was  claimed  to  be 
the  first  concert  of  English  music  in  Vienna. 
His  compositions  embrace  a  suite.  Fete  Cham- 
petre,  for  pf. ;  variations  and  fugue,  for  two 
pianos  ;  pieces  for  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Reed,  Thomas  German,  composer  and 
actor,  bora  at  Bristol,  June  27,  1817.  Or- 
ganist of  Catholic  Chapel,  Sloane  street,  Lon- 
don. Musical  director  of  Haymarket  Theatre, 
1838-51,  and  of  the  Olympic  Theatre,  1853. 
Chapel-master  of  Royal  Bavarian  Chapel, 
1838.  Married  Miss  Priscilla  Horton,  1844. 
Established  "  Mr.  and  Mrs.  German  Reed's 
Entertainments,"  1855,  and  produced  pieces 
by  Brough,  Parry,  Gilbert  and  Sullivan, 
Burnand,  Clay,  Cellier,  Reed,  and  Macfarren. 
He  died  at  Upper  East  Sheen,  Surrey,  March 
21,  1888. 

Works. — Drama  at  home  (Planch^),  1845  ; 
Golden  Fleece;  Match  for  a  king  (C.  Mat- 
thews) ;  Who's  the  composer?  (J.  M.  Morton) ; 
Miss  P.  Horton's  Illustrative  Gatherings 
(1856),  and  other  entertainments.  Songs: 
Jock  o'  the  mill ;  I  would  be  a  violet  ;  Love 
makes  the  home ;  Sweet  Erin ;  Vixen '. 
Young  man  from  the  country ;  adaptations 
from  Auber's  "  La  Part  du  Diable,"  etc. 

His  wife,  born  Priscilla  Horton'  (born  at 
Birmingham,  January  1,  1818)  a  contralto 
singer  and  actress  of  great  repute,  who  ap- 
peared in  Macready's  revivals  of  Shakespere's 
plays,  and  afterwards  in  Planche's  pieces  at 
the  Haymarket  Theatre,  and  in  her  hus- 
band's entertainments.  She  retired  in  1879. 
Died  at  Bexley  Heath,  March  18,  1895. 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


339 


REES. 

Their  son,  Alfred  German  Reed,  who 
continued  the  entertainments,  died  at  Lon- 
don, March  10,  1895. 

Rees,  David,  author  of  "Reasons  for  and 
against  singing  of  Psalms  in  private  or  public 
worship,"  London,  1737. 

Rees,  Eleanor,  contralto  vocalist,  born 
at  Neath,  Glamorganshire.  Studied  at  R.  A.M. 
under  W.  Shakespeare ;  Westmorland  Scholar, 
1883.  Was  associated  with  Mr.  Sinclair  Dunn 
in  his  recitals  of  Scottish  songs,  1882.  Toured 
in  the  provinces,  188.5,  with  the  Valleria-Foli 
party.  Made  her  festival  dihut  at  Worcester, 
1887,  singing  in  the  first  part  of  Mendelssohn's 
-"  Elijah  "  with  much  success.  She  sang  at 
the  Philharmonic  Concerts,  March  22,  1888, 
and  is  known  as  a  refined  exponent  of  the 
better  class  of  English  songs,  etc. 

Rees,  Robert,  Eos  Morlais,  tenor  vocal- 
ist, born  at  Dowlais,  Glamorganshire,  April  5, 
1841  Originally  a  working  man,  his  great 
natural  ability  led  him  to  follow  music  as  a 
profession.  His  fine  voice  and  artistic  feeling 
soon  won  for  him  an  extended  fame  and  great 
popularity,  and  he  was  a  special  favourite  at 
the  Eisteddfodau.  He  sang  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  the  Promenade  Concerts  at  Covent 
•Garden,  in  many  provincial  towns,  and  also 
toured  in  America.  He  died  at  Swansea, 
June  5,  1892. 

Rees,  William  Thomas,  Alaw  Ddu, 
composer,  born  near  Bridgend,  Glamorgan- 
shire, September  29,  1838.  Self-taught.  Has 
won  a  number  of  prizes  at  the  Eisteddfodau, 
and  also  acted  as  adjudicator.  Conductor  of 
Psalmody  Festivals.  Editor  of  The  Musical 
School,  and  The  Musician  of  Wales,  the  latter 
started  in  1885,  but  neither  now  in  existence. 
Published  a  small  collection  of  tunes,  anthems, 
etc. ;  composer  of  some  cantatas,  anthems, 
choruses,  glees,  part-songs,  and  songs  ;  also  of 
an  opera  for  children,  Llewelyn  Ein  Llyw 
Olaf,  performed  at  Treherbert,  1891. 

Reeve,  Cotton,  violinist  and  composer, 
who  was  born  about  1777.  He  was  a  theatrical 
manager,  and  died  at  London  about  October, 
1845.     Composer  of  some  instrumental  music. 

Reeve,  Percy,  composer,  of  present  time. 
His  works  comprise  a  sketch  "  A  condensed 
opera,"  produced  at  Steinway  Hall,  May  4, 
1882;  "A  private  wire,"  vaudeville,  Savoy 
Theatre,  April,  1883  ;  Operetta,  "  The  Crusa- 
der and  the  Craven,"  Globe  Theatre,  October, 
1890.  He  has  also  composed  a  Symphony 
and  Suite  for  orchestra  ;  Songs,  etc. 

Reeve,  William,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  1757.  He  studied  under  Richardson, 
and  became  organist  of  Totness,  Devon,  1781- 
1783.  Composer  to  Astley's  Circus,  London, 
and  to  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  1791.  Organ- 
ist of  Church  of  St.  Martin,  Ludgate  Hill, 
1792.  Joint-proprietor  of  Sadler's  Wells 
Theatre.     He  died  at  London,  June  22,  1815. 


REEVES. 

Works. — Music  to  Plays,  etc.  :  Oscar  and 
Malvina,  1791 ;  Orpheus  and  Eurydice,  1792; 
Apparition,  1794 ;  British  Fortitude,  1794  ; 
Hercules  and  Omphale,  1794 ;  The  Purse, 
1794;  Merry  Sherwood,  1795;  Charity  Boy, 
1796  ;  Harlequin  and  Oberon,  1796  ;  Bantry 
Bay,  1797  ;  Raymond  and  Agnes,  1797  ;  Har- 
lequin Quixote,  1797  ;  Round  Tower,  1797  ; 
Joan  of  Arc,  1798 ;  Ramah  Droog  (with 
Mazzinglii),  1798;  Turnpike  Gate  (do.),  1799; 
Embarkation,  1799  ;  Thomas  and  Susan  1799; 
Paul  and  Virginia  (with  Mazzinghi),  1800; 
Harlequin's  Almanac,  1801 ;  Blind  Girl  (with 
Mazzinghi),  1801 ;  Cabinet  (with  Braham, 
Moorhead,  and  Davy),  1802;  Family  Quarrels 
(with  Braham),  1802;  Caravan,  1803  ;  Dash, 
1804  ;  Thirty  Thousand  (with  Davy  and  Bra- 
ham), 1804;  Out  of  Place,  or  the  Lake  of 
Lausanne  (with  Braham),  1805;  Corsair  1805; 
White  Plume,  1806;  Rokeby  Castle,  1806; 
An  Bratach,  1806 ;  Kais,  or  Love  in  the 
Deserts  (with  Braham),  1808 ;  Tricks  upon 
Travellers,  1810 ;  Outside  Passenger,  1811  ; 
Chains  of  the  Heart  (witli  Mazzinghi) ;  Jamie 
and  Anna.  Scots  pastoral,  1800.  Glees.  Songs; 
Cherry-cheeked  Patty ;  Bird  in  the  hand ; 
Enamoured  shepherdess  ;  Little  haymaker  ; 
Live  and  be  jolly;  Margery  Grinder;  Rose  of 
the  valley  ;  Tippety  witchet,  clown's  songs  for 
Grimaldi ;  etc.  The  Juvenile  Preceptor,  or 
Entertaining  Instructor :  a  complete  and 
concise  Litroduction  to  the  Pianoforte,  with 
24  lessons  and  4  easy  duets,  London,  n.d. 
The  well-known  song  "  I  am  a  friar  of  orders 
grey  "  appears  in  "  Merry  Sherwood,"  1795. 
By  this  Reeve  is  best  known. 

Reeves,  Daniel  M.  Q.  S.,  amateur  mu- 
sician, author  of  "  A  Treatise  on  the  Science 
of  Music,"  London,  1853;  2nd  edition,  1861. 

Reeves,  John  Sims,  tenor  vocalist,  born 
at  the  Artillery  Barracks,  Woolwich,  Septem- 
ber 26,  1818 ;  baptized  in  Woolwich  Church, 
October  25,  1818.  His  father,  John  Reeves, 
was  born  at  West  Bromwich,  Staffordshire. 
He  enlisted  first  in  the  Marines,  and  then  in 
the  Royal  Artillery.  His  superior  musical 
attainments  brought  him  into  notice,  and  he 
became  a  corporal  in  the  band.  He  is  said  to 
have  been  a  splendid  bass  singer,  and  a  good 
instrumentalist.  He  was  discharged  in  1843, 
and  died  at  Foots  Cray,  Kent,  November  30, 
1860.  From  his  father  young  Reeves  received 
his  first  instruction,  and  when  fourteen  was 
made  organist  of  North  Cray  Church.  During 
the  next  few  years  he  became  a  performer  on 
the  violin, 'cello,  oboe,  and  bassoon;  studied 
harmony  with  W.  H.  Callcott,  and  pf.  with 
J.  B.  Cramer.  His  adult  voice  developing,  he 
decided  on  becoming  a  singer,  and  as  a  bari- 
tone, made  his  dibut  as  Count  Rodolpho  in 
"  La  Sonnambula,"  at  the  Newcastle-on- 
Tyne  Theatre,  June,  1839.  The  same  year  he 
sang  at  the  Grecian  Theatre,  London,  as  Mr. 


340 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


REE  v  ES. 

Johnson.  He  then  studied  as  a  tenor,  under 
Hobbs,  and  T.  Cooke,  and  appeared  in  minor 
parts  in  "  King  Arthur,"  "  Der  Freischiitz," 
and  other  operas,  at  Drury  Lane,  1842-3. 
For  further  study  he  went  to  Paris,  and  had 
lessons  from  Bordogni,  and  at  Milan,  from 
Mazzucato.  At  La  Scaia,  Milan,  he  appeared 
in  18-16,  as  Edgardo  in  "  Lucia  di  Lammer- 
moor,"  with  Catherine  Hayes  in  the  title- 
part.  Reappeared  at  Dniry  Lane,  December 
6,  1847,  in  the  same  part,  and  achieved  the 
greatest  success  witnessed  for  many  years. 
Then  for  the  first  time  called  Mr.  Sims 
Reeves.  On  the  20th  of  the  same  mouth  he 
appeared  in  his  first  original  part,  as  Lyonnel 
in  Balfe's  "  Maid  of  Honour,"  also  at  Drury 
Lane.  On  May  20,  1848,  he  made  his  first 
appearance  in  Italian  opera,  at  Her  Majesty's, 
taking  the  part  of  Carlo  in  "  Linda."  His 
operatic  career  extended  over  many  years, 
and  he  was  equally  great  in  works  of  all 
kinds,  down  to  the  simple  ballad-opera.  He 
sang  in  "Rob  Roy,"  at  Edinburgh,  so  late 
as  July,  1887.  In  oratorio  he  achieved  a 
great  success  at  the  Worcester  and  Norwich 
Festivals  of  1848,  and  at  the  Sacred  Har- 
monic Society's  performance  of  the  "  Messiah," 
November  24,  of  that  year  He  was  engaged 
for  the  Birmingham  Festivals  from  1849  to 
1873,  and  it  was  for  him  that  Costa  wrote  the 
tenor  parts  in  "Eli,"  and  "Naaman."  He 
sang  at  the  Crystal  Palace  Handel  Festivals, 
1857-74,  his  last  festival  performance  being  in 
"Israel  in  Egypt,"  June  2G,  1874.  In  the 
concert  room  he  reigned  supreme,  and  was 
matchless  in  his  rendering  of  the  artistic 
song,  and  the  Dibdin  ballad.  From  1881  his 
public  appearances  were  less  frequent ;  and 
in  1890  he  commenced  a  farewell  tour  at 
Southsea,  in  August ;  and  gave  his  final  con- 
cert at  the  Albert  Hall,  May  11,  1891.  lie 
commenced  teaching  about  this  time,  and 
was  on  the  staff  of  the  Guildhall  School  of 
Music.  Reverses  and  misfortune  compelled 
a  return  to  public  life,  and  after  singing  at 
Covent  Garden  Promenade  Concerts,  Queen's 
Hall,  and  other  places,  1893-5,  he  appeared 
at  the  Empire  Theatre,  November  4,  1895, 
and  made  a  round  of  the  provincial  Variety 
theatres  during  the  winter  following.  Sailed 
for  South  Africa,  July  25,  1896,  and  had  a 
most  successful  tour,  returning  in  October. 
In  1888  he  published  his  "  Life  and  Recol- 
lections," London,  Simpkin,  Marshall. 

His  wife,  born  Emma  Llxombe,  was  the 
daughter  of  Thomas  Lucombe,  a  clever  am- 
ateur actor,  who  died  February  13,  18-55.  She 
was  a  pupil  of  Mrs.  Blane  Hunt,  and  first 
appeared  at  a  concert  of  the  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society,  in  Handel's  "Joshua,"  June  19, 
1839 ;  and  sang  in  London  and  the  provinces 
up  to  1845,  when  she  went  to  study  in  Italy  ; 
sang  in  opera  in  IMilan,  and  made  her  dibut 


REID. 

on  the  English  stage  at  Covent  Garden,  Nov- 
ember 4,  1848,  in  the  titular  part  of  Auber's. 
"Hayd6e. "  Appeared  at  the  Philharmonic- 
concerts,  April  16,  1849,  singing  a  duet  with 
Sims  Reeves,  to  whom  she  was  married,  at 
North  Cray  Church,  November  3,  1850.  For 
some  time  she  continued  to  sing  in  public^ 
and  then  gave  her  attention  to  teaching.  She 
died  at  Upper  Norwood,  June  10,  1895,  in 
her  75th  year.  Herbert  Sims  Reeves,  their 
son,  educated  by  his  father,  and  at  Milan,, 
made  his  dibut  at  W.  Ganz's  concert,  St. 
James's  Hall,  June  12,  1880;  sang  with  suc- 
cess at  the  Crystal  Palace,  February  12, 1881,. 
and  in  the  provinces.  Made  his  first  appear- 
ance on  the  stage  at  Brighton,  in  "  Guy 
Mannering,"  February  13,  1884.  Has  sung 
in  "The  Waterman,"  and  taken  other  parts- 
made  famous  b}'  his  father.  He  has  also 
sung  in  comic  opera,  "  Falka,"  etc.  He  has- 
published  one  or  two  songs.  His  sister, 
CoxsTAXCE  Sims  Reeves,  made  her  debut  on 
the  stage  in  "  Guy  IMannering,"  with  her 
brother,  singing  under  the  name  of  Miss- 
Lester.  She  ajDpeared  at  the  Strand  Theatre 
in  July,  1884;  sang  in  "The  Waterman"  at 
the  Crystal  Palace,  1892 ;  and  has  been 
heard  at  various  concerts.  Mr.  Sims  Reeves 
married  again  in  1895,  his  second  wife.  Miss 
Maud  Rene,  having  been  his  pupil.  She 
sang  with  him  at  the  Queen's  Hall,  Christmas 
Day,  1895  ;  accompanied  him  on  his  pro- 
vincial tour,  1895-6  ;  and  also  on  his  visit  to 
Africa.  Edwin  Reeves,  a  brother,  was  a 
member  of  the  Seguin  troupe  in  their  Amer- 
ican tour,  1848-9 ;  and  sometime  professor  of 
singing  at  the  Viceregal  Court,  Dublin.  He 
died  ar,  Liverpool,  in  May,  1882. 

Reid,  Alan  Stewart  Bell,  composer  and 
editor,  born  at  Arbroath,  Forfar.shire,  Feb- 
ruary 6,  1853.  Brought  up  at  Forfar,  and 
originally  apprenticed  to  a  cabinet-maker. 
His  talent  for  music  showed  itself  early,  and 
he  is  entirely  self-taught.  Elected  choir- 
master in  the  Barclay  Church,  Edinburgh, 
in  1877,  which  appointment  he  still  holds; 
also  instructor  in  singing  in  three  Board 
Schools  in  that  city.  He  has  composed 
many  educational  works  for  schools,  operet- 
tas, cantatas  (Round  the  Clock ;  The  School 
Holiday  ;  Red,  White,  and  Blue,  etc.),  and 
action  songs  ;  Ruth,  a  sacred  cantata  (1882) ; 
Friendship's  Circle,  a  Scoitish  cantata;  and 
lyrics  and  melodies  in  "  Scots  Minstrelsie." 
A  volume  entitled  "  Music  for  Pupil  Teachers  " 
was  recently  completed,  and  he  has  a  poetical 
anthology,  "  The  Bards  of  Angus  and  the 
Mearns,"  in  course  of  preparation.  He  is, 
further,  editor  of  the  National  Choir,  a 
monthly  publication  of  glees  and  harmonised 
songs,  and  author  of  various  poetical  works. 

Reid,  General  John  (born  Robert.son), 
musician,   and    founder    of    the    Edinburgh 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


341 


REINAGLE. 

Professorship  of  music,  was  born  at  Straloch, 
Perthshire,  February  13,  1721  [1720].  Son 
•of  Alexander  Robertson  of  Straloch.  He 
studied  at  Edinburgh  University.  Lieu- 
tenant in  the  Earl  of  Loudon's  Regiment, 
1745  ;  afterwards  became  a  General  in  the 
Army.  He  died  at  London,  February  6, 
1807. 

Works.  —A  Set  of  Minuets  and  Marches, 
inscribed  to  the  Right  Hon.  Lady  Catherine 
Murray,  by  J—  R— ,  Esq.,  London  [1770]. 
^Bremner).  [Contains  the  well-known  air, 
"  The  Garb  of  Old  Gaul,"  to  verses  of  Sir  H. 
Erskine,  of  Alva.]  Six  Solos  for  a  German 
Flute  or  Violin,  with  a  Thorough-bass  for 
the  Harpsichord,  by  J —  R — ,  Esq.,  a  Member 
•of  the  Temple  of  Apollo,  London,  n.d.  (Os- 
wald). There  have  also  been  ascribed  to 
him  "  Three  Grand  Marches,  and  Three 
'Quicksteps  for  a  Full  Military  Band,  by  an 
Eminent  Master,"  London,  n.d. 

General  Reid  directed  in  his  will  that, 
subject  to  the  life-rent  of  his  daughter,  the 
sum  of  £52,000  should  be  applied  to  founding 
a  Chair  of  Music  in  Edinburgh  University, 
■and  that  an  annual  concert  (to  include  a  full 
military  band)  should  be  given  on  his  birth- 
~day,  at  which  was  to  be  performed  some 
specimens  of  his  own  composition,  to  show 
the  style  of  music  that  prevailed  about  the 
middle  of  last  century.  The  chair  was  in- 
stituted in  1839,  when  a  sum  of  between 
£70,000  and  £80,000  became  available.  The 
succession  of  Professors  has  been  John 
Thomson,  1839;  Sir  Henry  Bishop,  1812; 
Henry  Hugo  Pierson,  1844  ;  John  Donaldson, 
1845;  Sir  Herbert  Stanley  Oakeley,  1865; 
I'riedrich  Niecks,  1889. 

Reinagle,  Caroline,  ^'ee  Obger,  Caroline. 

Reinagle,  Joseph,  violoncellist,  composer, 
a,nd  writer,  born  at  Portsmouth,  of  Austrian 
parents,  in  1762.  Intended  for  the  navy,  but 
afterwards  apprenticed  to  an  Edinburgh 
jeweller.  He  studied  the  'cello  under 
Schetkey,  who  married  his  sister,  and  the 
violin  under  Aragoni  and  Pinto,  and  became 
leader  at  the  Edinburgh  Theatre.  Performed 
as  a  violoncellist  in  London,  etc.  Resided  in 
Dublin,  1784-6.  Played  at  Salomon's  Concerts 
in  London,  and  in  Oxford,  where  he  latterly 
resided.     He  died  at  Oxford,  1836. 

Works.— Twenty-four  Progressive  Lessons 
for  the  Pianoforte,  London,  1796.  Twelve 
Duets  for  the  violoncello,  op.  2  ;  3  sets  of  six 
•do.,  op.,  8,  4,  5.  Six  Quartets  for  strings. 
Slow  March  for  orchestra  [1800].  Concertos 
forviolin  and  violoncello, with  accompaniment. 
•Concise  Introduction  to  the  Art  of  Playing  on 
the  Violoncello,  London,  1830.  This  work 
Tias  reached  4  editions. 

His  son,  Alex.\ndeb  Robert,  born  at 
Brighton,  August  21, 1799,  was  organist  of  St. 
Peter's-in-the-East,    Oxford,    1822-53.        He 


RELFE. 

died  at  Kidlington,  near  Oxford,  April  6,  1877. 
Composed  Preparatory  Exercises  for  the 
Violin  ;  Selection  of  Popular  Airs,  varied,  for 
Violin  ;  A  Collection  of  the  most  favourite 
Scotch  Tunes. ..  .London,  n.d.;  Violinist's 
Portfolio,  for  Amateurs ;  Allegro  Maestoso, 
for  Violin ;  Twelve  Studies  for  the  Violin 
[1851] ;  Seven  Easy  Studies  for  Violoncello ; 
First  Lessons  for  Beginners  on  Violoncello,  to 
which  are  added  a  Selection  of  Psalm  Tunes 
and  Chants  [1841]  ;  Ten  Airs  for  Organ  or 
Harmonium ;  Ten  original  Melodies,  and  a 
Fugue  for  the  Organ  ;  Four  Introits  for 
Organ  ;  Processional  March,  do;  Twelve 
songs  without  words,  pf.  ;  Two  Sets  of  Bag- 
atelles, pf. ;  Psalm  tunes  for  the  voice  and  pf . 
[1830] ;  Collection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes, 
chants,  and  other  music,  London  [1839]. 
The  well-known  Psalm  tune,  "  St.  Peter,"  is 
by  A.  R.  Reinagle. 

Reinhold,  Charles  Frederick,  bass 
singer  and  organist,  born  in  London,  of  Ger- 
man parents,  in  1737.  He  was  a  chorister  in 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral  and  the  Chapel  Royal. 
It)  1755  he  appeared  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre 
in  J.  C.  Smith's  "Fairies."  He  was  organist 
of  St.  George  the  Martyr,  Bloomsbury,  and 
sang  at  Marylebone  Gardens,  m  the  provinces, 
and  at  the  Handel  Commemoration  in  1784. 
He  died  in  London,  September  29,  1815. 
Composer  of  galops,  valses,  and  other  music 
for  the  pf. 

Relfe,  John,  composer  and  writer,  born 
at  Greenwich  in  1763.  Son  of  Lupton  Relfe, 
who  was  organist  of  Greenwich  Hospital, 
under  whom  he  studied.  He  also  studied 
under  Keeble.  Member  of  King's  Band  of 
Music,  1810.  Teacher  of  harmony  and  pf.  in 
London,  where  he  died,  about  1837. 

WoBKS. — Select  set  of  airs  for  harpsichord 
[1787] ;  Progressive  sonatas  for  the  harpsi- 
chord or  pf.  ;  Lessons,  songs,  and  duetts  for 
pf . ;  Six  divertimentos  for  pf.,  op.  8.  Songs: 
Come  thou  laughter-loving  power  ;  Edwin 
and  Angelina  ;  Gardener  ;  Laplander's  song  ; 
Mary's  dream.  Editor  of  M.  Sharp's  collec- 
tion of  original  melodies  [1827].  Guida 
Armonica,  or  introduction  to  the  general 
knowledge  of  music,  theoretical  and  practical, 
London,  3  parts  [1798];  reprinted  as  "The 
Principles  of  Harmony,  containing  a  complete 
and  compendious  illustration  of  the  theory 
of  music,"  London,  1817.  A  Muschedule,  or 
music  scroll,  exhibiting  an  epitome  of  the 
whole  science  of  music,"  Camberwell  [1800J. 
Remarks  on  the  present  state  of  musical 
instruction,  with  a  prospectus  of  a  new  order 
of  thoroughbass  designation,  and  a  demonstra- 
tive view  of  the  defective  nature  of  the 
customary  mode..,  London,  1819.  Lucidus 
ordo :  comprising  an  analytical  course  of 
studies  on  the  several  branches  of  musical 
science..,  London,  1821. 


342 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


KENDALL. 

Relfe's  "  Guida  Armonica"  anticipated  in 
a  large  measure  the  method  of  Logier  in 
regard  to  instruction  by  exercises. 

His  father  issued  "  Hymns  for  the  use  of 
the  Chapel  of  the  Royal  Hospital,  Greenwich," 
Loudon,  1789;  and  "Greenwich  Hospital 
hymns  and  music,"  1796. 

Rendall,  Edward  Davey,  composer, 
educated  at  the  Hoch  Schule,  Berlin.  Grad- 
uated M. A. ,  1887 ;  Mus.  Bac,  1894,  Cambridge. 
Music  master,  Dulvvich  College.  His  com- 
positions are  :  Psalm  137,  for  soli,  strings, 
and  organ  ;  "  The  Compleat  Angler,"  Idyl  for 
soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra.  Princes'  Hall, 
May  5,  1894 ;  Quintet  for  pf.  and  wind,  1890; 
Five  vocal  duets  ;  Songs,  part-songs,  etc. 

Reynolds,  Charles,  oboe  player,  born  at 
Stockport,  Cheshire,  May  30,  1850.  His 
father,  Thomas  Reynolds,  was  bandmaster 
of  the  52nd  Liglit  Infantry  (now  2nd  Oxford- 
shire), and  afterwards  of  the  Gth  Lancashire 
Militia.  Charles  Reynolds  passed  his  boyhood 
in  India,  and  while  there  the  great  mutiny 
broke  out.  On  his  return  to  England  he 
studied  the  oboe  under  Lavigne,  and  joined 
the  Halle  orchestra  in  1871  as  second  oboe, 
becoming  principal  in  1890.  Was  connected 
with  the  Gentlemen's  Concerts,  Manchester, 
from  1870;  Liverpool  Philharmonic,  1674; 
joined  the  orchestra  of  the  Royal  Italian 
Opera,  1876;  and  the  New  Philharmonic 
Concerts,  London,  same  year.  Has  played 
at  the  Bristol  Festivals  since  1873;  Birming- 
ham, 1885;  Hanley,  1888;  Handel,  1888; 
and  at  the  Reid  Festival,  Edinburgh,  1893, 
he  played  for  the  first  time  in  Great  Britain 
Bach's  Suite  for  oboe  d'amore  ;  and  is  also 
known  as  a  fine  performer  on  the  Cor  Anglais. 
He  has  conducted  orchestras  at  Derby  Castle, 
Douglas,  Isle-of-]\ran,  1886-7  ;  Falcon  Clif!, 
1889  ;  and  Rhyl,  1893.  Is  professor  of  the 
oboe.  Royal  Manchester  College  of  Music. 

Reynolds,  Charles  Tom,  organist, 
composer,  and  conductor,  born  at  Ross, 
Herefordshire,  October  1,  1865.  Chorister  at 
Hereford  Cathedral.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1890;  Mus.  Doc,  1895,  Oxford.  P.R.C.O. 
Appointed  organist  of  Denstone  College,  1883; 
of  Oswestry  Parish  Church,  1885,  an  office  he 
retains.  Conductor  of  Oswestry  Choral 
Society,  which  has  given  good  concerts ;  of 
the  Claughton  and  Oxton  Choral  Society  ; 
and,  in  1896,  appointed  conductor  of  the 
Birkenhead  Cambrian  Choral  Society.  His 
compositions  include  a  cantata,  "  The  Child- 
hood of  Samuel,"  produced  at  Birkenhead, 
1896;  a  setting  of  Psalm  130;  and  he  has 
published  church  services,  anthems,  and 
part-songs. 

Reynolds,  John,  composer  of  the  18th 
centurv.  Was  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal, 
176")-1770.  He  died  at  Lambeth,  London, 
1770  [November,  1778  ?] .    Composed  the  well- 


RICHARDSON. 

known  anthem,  "My  God,  my  God,  look  upon 
me." 

Reynolds,  Williamson  John,  organist 
and  composer,  born  in  London,  October  22, 
1861.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1886 ;  Mus. 
Doc,  1889,  London.  Organist  of  Parish 
Church,  Barnet ;  St.  Michael's,  Cornhill, 
London,  from  1891.  He  has  lectured  on 
"  Music  and  Evolution,"  in  Birmingham, 
1895,  etc.  His  works  are  a  Magnificat  for 
soli,  chorus,  strings  and  organ;  Festival  Te 
Deum,  for  soli,  eight-part  chorus  and  or- 
chestra, produced  at  Highbury  Athenajum, 
April  19,  1891;  "Crossing  the  Bar,"  four 
voices,  etc. 

Rhodes,  Alfred,  organist  of  Brixton  In- 
dependent Church,  is  author  of  a  work  on 
"  Curiosities  of  the  Key-board  and  the  Staff;, 
or  the  St.iff-notation  shown  to  be  u|!on  a> 
scientific  basi.s  .  ,"  London,  Augener,  1896. 

Richards,  Henry  Brinley,  composer, 
pianist,  and  teacher,  born  at  Carmarthen, 
November  13,  1817.  Son  of  H.  Richards, 
organist  of  St.  Peter's,  Carmarthen.  Intended 
for  medical  j^rofession,  but  abandoned  it  in 
favour  of  music.  Entered  R.  A.M.  as  student, 
with  assistance  of  the  Duke  of  Newcastle. 
Gained  King's  Scholarship,  1835  and  1837. 
Member  of  R.A.M.  Resided  in  London  as 
teacher  and  pianist.  He  died  at  London, 
May  1,   1885. 

W(BKS. — Orchestral:  Symphony;  Over- 
tures in  F  minor,  Paris,  1840,  London,  1841, 
and  another  ;  Concerto  for  pf,  and  orchestra ; 
The  "Albert  Edward"  march  (military  band), 
1862  ;  The  Carmarthen  march.  Pianoforte  ; 
Andante  Pastorale ;  The  angel's  song  ;  Pic- 
ciola  Estelle ;  Fete  de  la  Reine  (1849) ;  La 
Reine  Blanclie,  scherzo ;  Recollections  of 
Wales  (1852)  ;  Warblings  at  eve  (1856) ; 
Mane,  nocturne  (1857) ;  Book  of  Octave 
Studies;  Andante  cantabile  (1858) ;  Fantasias 
on  Welsh  airs  (1861) ;  Tarantelle  (1864) ; 
Evening,  nocturne  (1877) ;  Autrefois  (1880). 
Part-songs  :  Up,  quit  thy  bower,  trio  (1846) ; 
In  the  hour  of  my  distress,  solo  and  choir 
(1856) ;  There's  not  a  heath  (1857)  ;  The  boat 
song ;  Ye  little  birds,  madrigal  (1863) ;  Sun 
of  my  soul  (1868)  ;  The  Cambrian  plume 
(1869) ;  Let  the  hills  resound  (1873)  ;  The 
men  of  Wales  (1877)  ;  Nobody  cares  for  thee 
(1878).  Duets  .-  How  beautiful  is  night ;  The 
old  church  chimes ;  Home,  etc.  Songs :  In 
the  hour  of  my  distress  ;  Cambrian  war-song 
(1859) ;  The  harp  of  Wales  (1862) ;  God  bless 
the  Prince  of  Wales  (December,  1862);  As 
o'er  the  past  (1868)  ;  The  harper's  grave 
(1869);  The  Black  Watch  (1874);  Men  of 
Wales  (1877),  etc.  Songs  of  W^ales,  edited, 
London,  1873  (other  editions). 

Richardson,  Alfred  Madeley,  organist, 
studied  under  William  Haynes,  of  IMalvern, 
and  at  R.C.M.     Organ  Scholar,  Keble  Col- 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


343 


RICHARDSON. 

lege,  Oxford,  1885-9.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
and  B.A.,  1888  ;  M.A.,  1892,  Oxford.  F.R.C.O. 
Obtained  diploma  of  A. CO.  when  sixteen, 
and  was  then  organist  of  Emmanuel  Church, 
Malvern.  Gave  recitals  in  the  Priory  Church 
there,  1884.  Organist  of  Hindlip  Church, 
Worcester,  1889  ;  Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Street, 
London ;  St.  Jude's,  Gray's  Inn  Road  ;  All 
Saints',  Scarborough,  1892 ;  St.  Saviour's 
Cathedral,  Southwark,  1897.  He  has  pub- 
lished church  services,  part-songs,  etc. 

Richardson,  John,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, born  at  Preston,  December  14,  1816. 
He  was  appointed  organist  of  St.  Mary's 
Catholic  Church,  Liverpool,  in  1835,  and 
from  1837  to  1857  was  organist  of  St.  Nicholas 
Church  in  the  same  city.  He  was  celebrated  as 
a  teacher,  and  was  the  instructor,  in  counter- 
point, of  W.  T.  Best.  He  died  at  Preston, 
April  13,  1879.  He  composed  music  for  Col- 
lins' "Ode  to  the  Passions,"  masses,  glees, 
hjnnn-tunes,  etc. 

Richardson,  John  Elliott,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Salisbury.  Studied  at 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  under  A.  T.  Corfe, 
whose  assistant  organist  he  was  for  eighteen 
years.  Appointed  organist  and  master  of  the 
■  choristers,  in  1863,  after  the  death  of  A.  T. 
Corfe.  Conductor  of  Saruna  Choral  Society, 
1849-69.  Resigned  Cathedral  appointment, 
1881,  owing  to  ill-health.  He  composed  a 
service  in  F  ;  I  will  give  thanks  ;  Turn  Thee, 
O  Lord ;  and  other  anthems.  Author  of 
"Salisbury  Chant  Book,"  Salisbury,  1859; 
"The  Tour  of  a  Cathedral  Organist,"  Salisbury, 
1870.     Editor  of  anthems  by  Greene,  etc. 

His  brother,  Thomas  Bentinck  Richard- 
son, chorister,  and  assistant  organist  at  Salis- 
bury Cathedral,  was  organist,  for  nearly  thirty 
years,  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  Bury  St.  Ed- 
munds. He  was  a  good  musician,  and 
exerted  great  influence  in  his  locality.  He 
died  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  April,  1893, 
aged  62. 

Richardson,  Joseph,  flute  player  and 
composer,  born  in  1814.  Member  of  JuUien's 
orchestra,  and  latterly  principal  flutist  in 
Queen's  private  band.  He  died  at  London, 
March  22,  1862.  Composer  of  fantasias, 
variations,  original  pieces  and  arrangements 
for  flute  ;  Set  of  studies  for  the  flute, 
exemplifying  the  different  modes  of  fingering 
particular  notes  and  passages,  London  [1844] ; 
Waltzes  for  pf.,  songs,  and  other  music. 

Richardson,  Vaughan,  organist  and 
composer,  was  born  in  the  latter  half  of  the 
17th  century.  He  studied  under  Blow  in  the 
Chapel  Roj'al.  Organist  of  Winchester  Cathe- 
dral, 1695.     He  died  in  1729. 

Works. — A  Collection  of  new  Songs  for  1, 
2,  and  3  voices,  accompany'd  with  Instru- 
ments, London,  1701.  Odes,  cantatas,  etc. 
Anthems  and  songs.     The  well-known  anthem 


RICKARD. 

"0  how  amiable  are  Thy  dwellings"  is  by 
this  composer. 

Richardson,  William,  organist  and 
composer,  was  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel  Royal, 
and  organist  of  St.  Nicholas'  Church,  Dept- 
ford,  London,  1697.  He  died  about  1731-32. 
He  composed  "  Lessons  for  the  harpsichord 
or  spinet,"  London,  1708;  and  "The  Pious 
Recreation,  containing  a  new  sett  of  psalm 
tunes..  ,"  London,  1729.  This  contains 
"  Greenwich,"  a  popular  psalm  tune. 

His  brother,  Pelham  Richardson,  was 
also  an  organist. 

Richmond,  Rev.  Legh,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Liverpool,  January  29, 1772. 
He  was  chaplain  of  the  Lock  Hospital,  and 
afterwards  rector  of  Turvey,  Bedfordshire. 
Died  at  Turvey,  May  8,  1827.  Author  of 
"The  Dairyman's  Daughter"  in  the  "Annals 
of  the  Poor,"  and  other  religious  works. 
Known  to  musicians  by  some  good  glees, 
contained  in  Hague's  collections.  He  also 
wrote  songs,  among  which  may  be  named 
Christian's  rest  [1825] ;  Gypsies  petition  ; 
Happj'  cottager ;  Negro's  prayer.  Richmond 
founded,  about  1820,  the  Legh  Richmond 
Library  at  lona,  in  Argyleshire. 

Richmond,  William  Henry,  organist 
and  composer.  Studied  under  James  Rhodes 
and  T.  A.  Marsh.  Organist  of  Holy  Trinity, 
Knaresborough  ;  appointed  to  St.  Paul's  Pro- 
Cathedral,  Dundee,  1870 ;  and  later  to  St. 
Michael's,  Exeter,  which  he  resigned  through 
illness  in  1886.  He  composed  church  services, 
anthems,  organ  music,  pf.  music  and  songs. 

Rickard,  Richard  Henry,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Birmingham,  November 
12,  1858.  When  a  child  he  showed  much 
talent  for  music,  and  as  a  juvenile  pianist 
frequently  played  at  concerts.  At  eight 
years  of  age  he  was  placed  under  Dr.  C. 
S.  Heap,  with  whom  he  studied  for  some 
years.  He  gave  his  first  recital  in  Birming- 
ham, March  30,  1876,  and  afterwards  went  to 
study  at  the  Leipzig  Conservatorium,  where 
his  teachers  were  Reinecke,  Louis  Maas,  and 
E.  F.  Richter.  After  completing  his  course, 
he  played  at  the  Gewandhaus  concerts, 
December  12,  1878,  Reinecke's  Concerto  in 
F  minor,  and  was  favourably  noticed  bj'  the 
press.  He  reappeared  at  Birmingham  in 
April,  1879,  and  gave  recitals  at  different 
times.  Residing  in  London,  he  took  a  good 
position  as  a  teacher  there,  and  at  Brighton. 
Played  at  the  Crystal  Palace  concerts,  for 
the  first  time,  April  7,  1883;  gave  a  series  of 
recitals  there,  1884  ;  at  the  "  Inventions " 
Exhibition,  South  Kensington,  1885 ;  and 
played  at  concerts  in  various  places.  He  also 
has  played,  with  marked  success,  at  Paris, 
and  Dresden  and  other  places  in  Germany. 
Visited  Liszt  at  Weimar,  and  played  to 
Rubinstein,  to  whom  he  dedicated  a  Ballade 


344 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


RIDDELL. 

and  Gavotte.  For  upwards  of  ten  years  he 
has  been  principal  professor  of  pf.  at  the 
Sydenham  and  Forest  Hill  Academy  of 
Music.  His  compositions  include  a  Concerto 
in  B  flat,  for  pf.  and  orchestra ;  six  duets, 
six  characteristic  pieces,  and  a  number  of 
other  works  for  pf. ;  Twilight  Music,  The 
Lotus  Flower,  and  other  songs,  etc. 

RiCHAKD  RiCKARD,  his  father,  was  mathe- 
matical master  at  King  Edward's  School, 
Birmingham,  from  1854.  He  was  an  excel- 
lent amateur  flute  player,  and  did  much  to 
popularise  music  in  the  IMidlands.  In  1864 
he  started  a  penny  singing  class  at  the  Bir- 
mingham and  Midland  Institute,  and  in  1882 
he  began  a  penny  violin  class.  On  the  third 
night  525  students  presented  themselves! 
Many  soon  dropped  off,  but  from  these  classes 
the  Institute  School  of  Music  was  developed. 
Mr.  Rickard  died  at  Birmingham,  June  4, 
1890. 

Riddell,  John,  musician,  born  at  Ayr, 
September  2,  1718.  He  was  a  music  teacher, 
and  is  believed  to  have  been  blind  from 
infancy.  He  died  at  Ayr,  April  5,  1795. 
Composer  of  a  "  Collection  of  Scots  Reels  or 
country  dances  and  minuets,  with  two  par- 
ticular slow  tunes,  with  a  bass  for  the  violin, 
violincello  or  harpsichord  .  .  ."  Edin- 
burgh [1766].  "Collection  of  Scots  Reels, 
minuets,  etc.,  for  the  violin,  harpsichord,  or 
German  flute.  The  second  edition  greatly 
improved."  Glasgow,  J.  Aird  [1782].  Rid- 
dell composed  the  air  of  "Jenny's  Bawbee  " 
and  several  well-known  dances. 

Riddell,  Captain  Robert,  of  Glcnriddell, 
Dumfriesshire,  Scottish  antiquary  and  mu- 
sician, best  known  as  the  friend  of  Burns  the 
poet.  He  published  "  A  Collection  of  Scotch, 
Galwegian,  and  Border  Tunes,  for  the  Violin 
and  Pianoforte,  with  a  Bass  for  the  Violon- 
cello or  Harpsichord,"  Edinburgh,  1794. 
"  New  Music  for  the  Pianoforte  or  Harpsi- 
chord, composed  by  a  Gentleman.  Consisting 
of  a  Collection  of  Reels,  Minuets,  Hornpipes, 
Marches,  and  two  Songs  in  the  old  Scotch 
taste,  with  variations  to  five  favourite  tunes," 
Edinburgh,  n.d.  Also  music  to  some  of 
Burns'  songs.  He  died  at  Friar's  Carse, 
near  Dumfries,  April  21,  1794. 

Ridding,  Joiin  A.,  baritone  vocalist, 
born  in  Birmingham,  December  5,  1862. 
Intended  for  a  schoolmaster, he  served  as  a  pupil 
teacher  at  St.  Mark's  School,  Birmingham, 
afterwards  studying  at  St.  Paul's  Training 
School,  Cheltenham.  Having  a  voice  that 
promised  well,  he  became  a  candidate  for 
admission  to  the  Royal  College  of  ]\Iusic,  and 
was  one  of  the  fifty  scholars  elected  in  April, 
1883.  He  distinguished  himself  at  the  College 
concerts,  and  in  March,  1887,  joined  Mr.  J. 
W.  Turner's  Opera  Company,  of  which  he 
still  remains  a  member.  His  repertory  includes 


RIDSDALE. 

upwards  of  thirty  operas,  and  the  versatility 
of  his  talent  is  displaj'ed  in  such  widely 
differing  impersonations  as  those  of  Mephis- 
topheles,  (Faust),  Lord  Allcash  (Fra  Diavolo), 
and  Alfio  (Cavalleria  Rusticana).  Mr.  Ridd- 
ing is  occasionally  heard  in  oratorio,  and 
general  concert  work  in  Birmingham  and 
elsewhere. 

Rideout,  Percy  Rodney,  pianist  and 
composer.  Studied  at  R.C.IM.,  and  privately. 
A.R.C.M.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  London, 
1895.  Teacher  of  pf.  at  London  Organ  School, 
etc.  Composer  of  a  setting  of  Psalm  115  ;  an 
orchestral  Symphonic  poem  (on  Shelley's 
Epipsychidion),  produced  at  Henschel  con- 
certs, January  29,  1891  ;  an  Evening  Service 
in  A,  etc. 

Rider,  Charles,  compiler  of  "Psalmodia 
Britannica,  or  a  collection  of  psalm  tunes 
selected  from  various  composers,  and  adapted 
to  the  different  metres  used  in  English 
psalmodv,"  London  [1800] ,  2  vols.  "  Set  of 
original  Psalm  Tunes,"  1821-23. 

Ridley,  William,  organist,  born  at 
Newark,  Nottingham,  1820.  Articled  pupil 
of  Dr.  Dearie.  F.C.O.  Organist  of  Swaff ham 
Parish  Church  ;  Kington  Parish  Church  ; 
and,  1853-78,  of  West  Derby  Parish  Church, 
Liveri:)ool.  In  1878  he  succeeded  his  son, 
S.  Claude  Ridley  {q.v.),  at  St.  John  the 
Baptists',  Tue  Brook.  He  was  for  some  time 
private  organist  to  the  Earl  of  Oxford,  and 
conductor  of  the  Kington  Choral  Society. 
During  his  thirty-three  years'  residence  in 
Liverpool,  he  did  much  to  raise  the  standard 
of  church  services.  His  compilation  of  301 
chants,  ancient  and  modern,  went  through 
eight  editions ;  and  he  was  the  composer  of 
manv  hymn  tunes.  He  died  at  Liverpool, 
October  5,  1886.     His  son, 

Ridley,  Sebastian  Claude,  organist, 
pianist,  and  composer,  was  born  at  West 
Derby,  near  Liverpool,  December  31,  1853. 
Studied  under  his  father.  Was  assistant 
organist  at  West  Derby  Parish  Church  from 
1865  to  1870,  in  which  last  year  he  was 
appointed  organist  of  St.  John's,  Tue  Brook  ; 
in  1878  to  the  Liverpool  Seaman's  Orphanage ; 
in  1892  to  Renshaw  Street  Unitarian  Chapel ; 
and  in  1894  to  Great  George  Street  Congrega- 
tional Chapel.  Has  also  acted  as  choirmaster 
at  St.  Cuthbert's  (1883),  and  St.  Chad's  (1887). 
Conductor  of  Banner's  Oratorio  Choir,  1883. 
As  an  organ  player  he  is  well  known,  having 
given  recitals  at  the  Royal  Albert  Hall, 
Kensington,  St.  George's  Hall,  Liverpool,  and 
at  various  provincial  exhibitions.  His  com- 
positions include  a  Church  Service  in  G 
(unison) ;  Prize  hymn  tunes,  etc.  ;  many 
songs,  of  which  "The  Wrecker"  isafavourable 
example ;  Pf.  pieces,  "  Clymene,"  "  Fairy 
wings,"  etc. 

Ridsdale,  Rev.  C.  J.,  B.A.,  Incumbent 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


345 


RIGBY. 

of  St.  Peter's,  Folkestone,  is  the  composer  of 
a  Communion  Service,  with  orchestra,  entitled 
"  Cantio  Dominica,"  produced  at  Grosvenor 
Hall,  London,  March  17,  1882.  He  is  also 
the  composer  of  three  INIagnificats  a  faux 
bourdons,  in  the  1st  and  2nd  Ecclesiastical 
Tones,  with  varied  organ  accompaniments ; 
a  Benedicite,  omnia  opera,  with  Antiphon ; 
Te  Deum,  for  festal  use ;  a  second  Comniunion 
Service,  etc. 

Rigby,  George  Vernon,  tenor  vocalist, 
born  at  Birmingham,  January  21,  1840. 
■Chorister  at  St  Chad's  R.C.  Cathedral  when 
nine.  When  his  voice  changed  to  a  tenor,  he 
decided  upon  his  profession,  and  having  made 
a  local  reputation  in  1861  he  went  to  London, 
singing  first  at  the  Alhambra,  Leicester 
Square,  and  appearing  at  the  Covent  Garden 
Promenade  Concerts  (Alfred  Mellon,  conduc- 
tor), September  18.  In  1865  he  toured  in 
opera  with  H.  Corri's  company.  He  then 
went  to  ]Milan,  studying  with  Sangiovanni, 
and  appeared  in  opera  there ;  also  at  Berlin 
in  1867,  and  later  in  Denmark.  On  returning 
to  England  he  at  once  t.^ok  a  high  position, 
singing  at  the  Festivals  of  the  Three  Choirs, 
1868-72  ;  Norwich  Festival,  1869  ;  Birming- 
ham, 1870-79.  He  sang  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
Sacred  Harmonic,  and  other  London  concerts, 
and  at  the  chief  provincial  oratorio  concerts. 
Of  late  years  he  has  been  seldom  heard,  one  of 
his  most  recent  performances  being  in  Costa's 
"Eli,"  at  Brighton,  in  November,  1887. 

Riley,  William,  musician  and  writer,  was 
•"  principal  teacher  of  psalmody  to  the  Charity 
Schools  in  London,  Westminster,  and  parts 
adjacent,"  and  singing  master,  St.  John's, 
Bedford  Row,  London.  Author  of  "  Parochial 
Musick  Corrected,  containing  Remarks  on 
Psahnody  in  Country  Churches ;  on  the  ridic- 
ulous and  profane  manner  of  singing  by 
Methodists ;  on  the  bad  performance  of 
Psahnody  in  London  and  Westminster,  with 
hints  for  its  Improvement . .  To  which  is  added 
a  scarce  and  valuable  collection  of  Psalm 
Tunes, . . "  London,  1762.  Compiler  of  Psalms 
and  Hymns  for  the  use  of  the  chapel  of  the 
Asylum  or  House  of  Refuge  for  Female 
Orphans.  London  [1750] .  "  Parochial  Har- 
mony, consisting  of  a  collection  of  Psalm 
'Tunes  in  three  and  four  parts,  by  some  of  the 
most  eminent  Ancient  and  Modern  Composers, 
and  others."  London,  1762.  Divine  Har- 
monist's Assistant,  being  a  collection  of  Psalm 
Tunes.  London  [1790].  Also  tunes  in 
Alcock's  "Harmony  of  Jerusalem,"  1801. 

Rimbault,  Stephen  Francis,  organist, 
pianist,  and  composer,  born  at  London,  in 
1773.  He  studied  under  Dittenhofer,  Hook, 
and  Possin.  Organist  of  St.  Giles-in-the- 
Fields.  He  died  at  London,  August,  1837. 
Published  numerous  adaptations  for  pf.  from 
Haydn,  Mozart,  Beethoven,  Rossini,  Winter, 


RIMBAULT. 

etc.  Composed  three  grand  sonatas  for  pf., 
with  flute  accompaniment,  etc. 

Rimbault,  Edward  Francis,  writer  and 
composer,  son  of  pveceding,  was  born  in 
Soho,  London,  June  13,  1816.  He  studied 
under  his  father,  Samuel  Wesley,  and  Dr. 
Crotch.  Organist  of  the  Swiss  Church,  Soho, 
1832,  and  subsequently  of  several  other  Lon- 
don churches.  Lectured  at  the  Royal  In- 
stitution and  elsewhere  on  English  musical 
history.  One  of  the  founders  of  the  Percy 
and  Musical  Antiquarian  Societies.  Editor 
to  Motett  Society,  1841.  F.S.A.,  1842  ;  Mem- 
ber of  Academy  of  Music,  and  Ph.  D.,  Stock- 
holm, 1842.  Hon.  degree  of  LL.D.,  Harvard 
University,  U.S.A.,  1848.  He  died,  London, 
September  26,  1876. 

Works. — Who  was  Jack  Wilson,  the  singer 
of  Shakespeare's  stage  ?  an  attempt  to  prove 
the  identity  of  this  person  with  John  Wilson, 
Doctor  of  Music  in  the  University  of  Oxford, 
A.D.  1644,  London,  1846.  Bibliotheca  Madri- 
galiana  ;  a  bibliographical  account  of  Musical 
and  Poetical  works  published  in  England 
during  the  reigns  of  Elizabeth  and  James  I... 
London,  1847.  The  first  book  of  the  piano- 
forte, being  a  plain  and  easy  introduction  to 
the  study  of  Music,  London,  1848.  The 
Organ  :  its  history  and  construction  (with  E. 
J.  Hopkins),  London,  1855  (various  editions). 
The  Pianoforte  :  its  origin,  progress,  and  con- 
struction ;  with  some  account  of  instruments 
of  the  same  class  which  preceded  it,  viz. :  the 
clavichord,  the  virginals,  the  spinet,  the  harp- 
sichord, etc.,  London,  1860.  The  early 
English  Organ-builders  and  their  works,  from 
the  fifteenth  century  to  the  period  of  the 
great  Rebellion, ...  .London  [1864].  J.  S. 
Bach :  his  life  and  writings,  compiled  from 
Hilgenfeldt  and  Forkel,  London,  1869.  A 
Guide  to  the  use  of  the  new  Alexandre  Church 
Harmonium,  with  two  rows  of  keys, ....  Lon- 
don, n.d.  The  Harmonium  :  its  uses  and 
capabilities  for  the  drawing-room  as  well  as 
the  church,  1857.  Rimbault's  Harmonium 
Tutor,  a  concise  and  easy  book  of  instruc- 
tion, London,  n.d.  Rimbault's  New  Singing 
Tutor,  adapted  from  the  valuable  work  of 
Lablache,  London,  n.d.  Edited,  secular: 
Little  book  of  Songs  and  Ballads,  gathered 
from  ancient  musick  books,  MS.  and  printed 

London,  1840  (2nd  edition,  1851).     The 

Ancient  Vocal  Music  of  Engbind,  London, 
2  vols.  [1846-49].  Little  lays  for  little  learners, 
set  to  easy  songs,  London,  n.d.  Nursery 
Rhymes,  with  the  tunes  to  which  they  are 
sung  in  the  Nursery  of  England,  obtained 
principallyfrom  oral  tradition,  London,  1847  ; 
2nd  edit.,  1863;  3rd  edit.,  1857  (other  edits.). 
Musical  illustrations  of  Bishop  Percy's 
Reliques  of  Ancient  English  Poetry,  a  col- 
lection of  old  ballad  tunes,  etc London, 

1850.     The   rounds,  catches,   and  canons   of 


346 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGIIAPHY. 


RIMBAULT. 

England. ..  .16th,  17th,  and  18th  centuries 
(with  the  Rev.  J.  Powell  Metcalfe),  London, 
n.d.  The  Old  Cheque-book,  or  Book  of  Re- 
membrance of  the  Chapel  Royal,  from  1561 
to  1744,  London  (Camden  Society),  1872. 
Memoir.sof  Musick  by  the  Hon.  Roger  North, 

Attonii^y-General    to    James    II Edited, 

with  copious  notes,  London,  1846.  Thomas 
Morley's  First  book  of  Ballets  for  5  voices 
(Musical  Antiquarian  Society).  Thomas 
Bateson's  First  set  of  Madrigals  (Musical 
Antiquarian  Society).  Orlando  Gibbons' 
Fantasias  of  3  parts  for  viols  (Musical  Anti- 
quarian Society).  Purcell's  Bonduca,  a 
tragedy . .  to  which  is  added  a  history  of  the 
rise  and  progress  of  Dramatic  Music  in 
England  (Musical  Antiquarian  Society).  Byrd, 
Bull  and  Gibbons'  "  Parthenia "  (Musical 
Antiquarian  Society).  Purcell's  ode  for  St. 
Cecilia's  Day  (Musical  Antiquarian  Society). 
Edited,  sacred  :  Cathedral  Cliants  of  the  16th, 
17th,  and  18th  centuries. ..  .Biographical 
notices  of  the  composers,  London,  1844.  The 
Order  of  Daily  Service,  .as  used  in  the  Abbey 
Church  of  Saint  Peter,  Westminster . .  London, 
1844.  A  collection  of  anthems  by  composers 
of  the  JIadrigalian  era,  London  (Musical 
Antiquarian  Society),  1845.  Cathedral  music, 
consisting  of  services  and  anthems.  .London, 
n.d-  [Vol.  1.,  all  published].  Collection  of 
services  and  anthems,  chiefly  adapted  from 
the  works  of  Palestrina,  Orlando  di  Lasso, 
Vittoria,  Colonna,  etc.,  London  (Motett  So- 
ciety), 3  vols.  The  Hand-book  for  the  Parish 
Choir,  a  collection  of  Psalm-tunes,  services, 
anthems,  chants,  etc.,  London,  n.d.  The 
Order  of  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer,  with 
the  harmony  in  4  parts.  .London,  n.d.  Vocal 
Part  Music,  sacred  and  secular,  a  collection 
of  anthems,  motetti,  madrigals,  part-songs, 
etc.,  London,  n.d.  A  little  book  of  Christmas 
Carols,  with  the  ancient  melodies  to  which 
they  are  sung  in  various  parts  of  the  country 
..London  [1847].  Old  English  Carols,  and 
two  hymns,  London,  1865.  The  full  Cathe 
dral  Service,  composed  by  Thomas  Tallis.. 
with  an  historical  preface,  and  a  biography 
of  the  composer,  London,  n.d.  The  Order  of 
Daily  Service  with  the  musical  notation  as 
adapted  and  comj)oscd  by  Thomas  Tallis, 
London,  n.d.  Edward  Lowe's  Order  of 
Chanting  the  Cathedral  Service,  London,  n.d. 
The  Whole  Book  of  Psalms,  with  the  tunes 
in  four  parts,  as  printed  by  Thomas  Este, 
1592.  .historical  and  biographical  notice, 
London  (Musical  Antiquarian  Society),  n.d. 
The  Booke  of  Connnon  Prayer  with  musical 
notes,  as  used  in  tlie  Cliapel  R^ryal  of  Edward 
VI.,  1550.  Compiled  by  John  IMerbecke.. 
reprinted  in  facsimile,  London,  n.d.  Vucal  : 
Country  life,  cantata  ;  Fair  maid  of  Islington, 
operetta,  1838.  Part-songs  and  numerous 
single  songs.     Organ :  Organist's  Handbook, 


RISELEY. 

a  collection  of  voluntaries,  .arranged  from 
composers  of  the  German  school,  London, 
n.d.  The  Organist's  Portfolio,  a  series  of 
voluntaries  from  the  works  of  ancient  and 
modern  composers,  London,  1866  (Boston 
edition,  1867).  Some  original  pieces.  Piano- 
forte :  An  enormous  quantity  of  albums, 
arrangements,  selections,  transcriptions,  and 
other  pieces  for  solo  and  duet,  with  a  few 
original  pieces.  In  addition  to  all  the  fore- 
going it  sliould  be  mentioned  that  Rimbault 
edited  many  works  for  the  Percy  Society ;  an 
edition  of  Sir  Thomas  Overbury's  works ; 
several  of  Handel's  oratorios ;  Operas  by 
various  composers ;  and  contributed  many 
articles,  biographical,  and  otherwise,  to  the 
"  Imperial  Dictionary  of  Biography,"  Grove's 
"Dictionary  of  Music,"  and  to  periodical 
literature. 

Ring,  John,  amateur  musician,  surgeon 
and  poet,  born  at  Wincanton,  Somerset, 
August  21,  1752.  Distinguished  as  an  advo- 
cate of  vaccination.  He  died  at  London, 
December  7,  1821.  In  addition  to  some 
poetry  and  professional  books,  he  published 
"The  Commemoration  of  Handel:  a  poem," 
London,  1786 ;  2nd  edition,  1819.  This  was 
issued  anonymously. 

Rippon,  John,  clergyman  and  musician, 
born  at  Tiverton,  April  29,  1751  ;  died  Lon- 
don, December  17,  1836.  Compiler  of  "Selec- 
tion of  Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes,  in  three  or 
four  parts,"  London  [1795]  ;  "  Selection  of 
Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes  from  the  best 
authors,  in  three  and  four  parts  .  .  ."' 
London,  2nd  edition,  1806;  18th  edition, 
1820.  "  Selection  of  Tunes  in  miniature," 
London,  1806-8.  A  "Companion"  to  this 
was  issued  in  1820,  edited  by  Walker.  About 
1837  an  oratorio  by  Rippon,  entitled  the 
"  Crucifixion,"  was  published.  A  selection 
from  his  tune  book  was  issued  as  "  Sacred 
Music,"  etc  ,  by  J.  Tomlins,  in  1810. 

Riseley,  George,  organist  and  conductor, 
born  at  Bristol,  .\ngust  28,  1845.  Chorister 
in  Bristol  Cathedral  when  seven,  and  in  1862 
articled  to  J.  D.  Corfc,  the  Cathedral  or- 
ganist. After  holding  several  organ  appoint- 
ments he  officiated  at  All  Saints',  Clifton, 
until  1876,  when  he  succeeded  Mr.  Corfe  at 
the  Cathedral.  In  1870  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  Colston  Hall,  and  his  recitals 
gained  a  high  reputation.  As  a  performer 
on  the  organ  he  has  also  been  heard  at  the 
Royal  Albert  Hall,  where  he  gave  a  series  of 
recitals  in  1885.  In  1877  he  started  the 
Bristol  Monday  Popular  Concerts  of  orches- 
tral music,  which  have  had  a  wide  educa- 
tional influence  in  the  West  of  England. 
These  he  has  carried  on  at  great  personal 
sacrifice,  and  has  introduced  the  most  im- 
portant works  of  all  schools,  including  up- 
wards of  a  hiindred  examples,  orchestral  and 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


347 


RITSON. 

choral,  by  British  composers.  From  1878  he 
has  been  conductor  of  the  Bristol  Orpheus 
Society,  the  fame  of  which  he  has  extended. 
The  Society,  under  his  direction,  has  given 
concerts  in  London,  1894  and  1896  ;  has  sung 
at  the  Gloucester  Festival,  1895 ;  and  before 
the  Queen,  at  Windsor  Castle,  1895,  when 
Her  Majesty  authorised  the  choir  to  use  the 
prefix  "  Royal,"  and  presented  Mr.  Riseley 
with  an  inscribed  baton.  He  is  also  con- 
ductor of  the  Bristol  Society  of  Instrumen- 
talists, and  a  busy  teacher.  Many  tokens  of 
the  appreciation  of  his  fellow  citizens  have 
been  bestowed  upon  him.  He  was  elected 
conductor  of  the  Bristol  Festival  in  1896, 
gaining  further  distinction  in  that  important 
office.  In  1893  he  was  appointed  a  professor 
of  the  organ  at  the  R.A.M.,  of  which  Institu- 
tion he  is  an  honorary  member.  Of  his 
compositions  mention  may  be  made  of  a 
Jubilee  Ode,  performed  at  Bristol,  1887 ;  a 
Jubilee  March  for  organ  ;  Where'er  my  foot- 
steps stray,  and  The  Old  Church  Bells,  part 
songs  for  men's  voices ;  a  Christmas  Carol, 
etc. 

Ritson,  Joseph,  antiquary  and  writer, 
born  at  Stockton  in  1752,  died  at  London  in 
1803.  Compiled,  among  other  valuable  and 
interesting  works,  "  Ancient  Songs,  from  the 
time  of  King  Henry  the  Third  to  the  Revolu- 
tion. Prefixed  are  observations  on  the 
Ancient  English  Minstrels,  and  Dissertation 
on  Ancient  Songs  and  Music,"  London,  1790. 
"  Scottish  Songs,  with  the  Slusic,  and  His- 
torical Essay  .  .  ."  London,2  vols.,  1794. 
Reprinted,  Glasgow,  2  vols.,  1869.  Also  an 
English  Anthology,  Ballad  Collections,  and  a 
Bibliographia  Poetica,  etc. 

Riviere,  Anna,  see  Bishop,  Anna. 

Roberts,  Arthur,  vocalist  and  comedian 
of  the  present  time,  who  was  born  on  Sep- 
tember 21,  1852.  He  was  a  legal  clerk  in  a 
financial  office,  and  first  began  singing  as  an 
amateur.  Made  his  mark  in  the  IMusic  Halls, 
and  then  appeared  in  pantomime  at  Oxford 
in  1878.  Quitted  the  Music  Halls  and  sang 
in  "The  Grand  Mogul"  at  the  Comedy 
Theatre,  London,  1884.  Toured  in  the  pro- 
"vinces  in  comic  opera,  etc.  Latterly  has  been 
giving  entertainments  with  a  party  of  his 
own.  Among  his  best  recent  impersonations 
may  be  named  "  Gentleman  Joe,"  which  had 
a  long  and  successful  run  at  the  Prince  of 
Wales'  Theatre,  London.  A  memoir  is  pub- 
lished by  Arrowsmith,  Bristol,  as  "Adventures 
of  Arthur  Roberts,  by  rail,  road,  and  river, 
told  by  himself,  and  chronicled  by  Richard 
Morton."  [1895] .  He  has  composed  a  few 
songs,  "If  I  were  to  do  such  a  thing;" 
"  Keeping  up  the  old  girl's  birthday,"  etc. 

Roberts,  David  Alawydd,  musician,  was 
born  in  Carnarvonshire,  June  16,  1820.  He 
■was  self-taught  in  music,  and  for  three  years 


ROBERTS. 

in  succession,  1851-53,  won  the  chief  prize  for 
anthem  at  the  Bethesda  Eisteddfodau.  He 
also  conducted  performances  of  the  "  Messiah," 
"Israel  in  Egypt,"  "Samson,"  etc.,  at 
Bethesda.  He  died  on  May  20,  1872.  Author 
of  a  grammar  of  music,  "  Gramadeg  cerd- 
doriaeth,  mewn  tair  rhan,  sef  nodiant,"  etc. 
Gwrecsam,  1848;  2nd  edition,  Wrexham, 
1862,  a  small  but  concise  work  which  has 
proved  very  valuable  to  monoglot  Welsh 
musicians.  In  1867  he  issued  a  Psalm  Tune 
book,  also  in  Welsh. 

Roberts,  Eleazar,  musician,  published 
"  Hymnau  a  Thonau  ,"  Wrexham,  1870, 
Llawlyfr  Caniadaeth,"  Wrexham,  and  other 
works. 

Roberts,  Ellis,  harpist  and  composer, 
born  Dolgelly  in  1819.  He  was  harpist  to  the 
Prince  of  Wales.  Died,  London,  December 
6,  1873.  His  son,  Ellis  Roberts,  born  in 
London,  1850,  was  a  chorister  at  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  as  a  violinist, 
and  is  a  member  of  the  Philharmonic  orchestra, 
and  principal  second  violin.  Royal  Italian 
Opera,  since  1895. 

Roberts,  Frederic  Egbert,  bass  vocalist, 
born  at  Newtov/n,  Montgomery,  September 
26,  1847.  Was  brought  up  to  the  printing 
and  bookselling  business,  but  having  a  fine 
bass  voice,  studied  singing  afterwards  under 
Chevalier  Lemmens,  F.  Kingsbury,  J.  C. 
Beuthen,  and  Alfred  Blume.  Has  sung  at 
the  principal  concerts  in  London  and  the 
provinces.  Made  his  debut  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  Concerts,  April  21,  1883.  Was  for 
some  time  a  member  of  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera 
Company,  and  sang  at  Drury  Lane,  as  well  as 
on  tour  in  the  provinces.  Principal  bass  at 
the  Italian  Church,  Hatton  Garden,  and, 
since  1894,  musical  director  there. 

Roberts,  John,  Heullan,  musician,  born 
at  Heullan,  March  30,  1807;  died,  April  4, 
1876.  Published  "  Caniadau  y  cyssegr,  neu 
gassglaid  o  donau  hen  a  diveddar  gan  mwyaf 
o  gyfansoddiad  Gymmreig,"  1839.  Selection 
of  55  Psalm  Tunes  in  Welsh.  " 
donau  y  diweddar,"  London,  1876. 

Roberts,  John  Henry,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  at  Bethesda,  near  Bangor, 
ilarch  31,  1848.  Had  lessons  from  a  local 
teacher,  and  became  an  organist  at  twelve. 
Removing  to  Towyn  he  started  a  choral 
society.  Entered  R.A.M.  in  1870,  and  studied 
under  Sterndale  Bennett  and  C.  Steggall. 
A. R.A.M.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge, 
1882.  He  is  also  a  Fellow  of  the  Tonic  Sol 
Fa  College.  Resident  at  Carnarvon  as  organist 
of  Castle  Square  Church,  and  teacher  and 
composer.  In  1885,  at  the  Aberdare  Eistedd- 
fod, he  won  prizes  for  an  anthem,  six-part 
madrigal,  and  tenor  song.  He  has  composed 
an  overture,  "  Caractacus,"  a  cantata,  and 
other  pieces.     Author  of  handbooks  on  Ele- 


Casgliad  o 


348 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


ROBERTS. 

ments  of  Music  and  Harmony  ;  and  editor  of 
Anthem  Book  for  the  use  of  Welsh  Churches 
{Novello) ;  musical  editor  of  Handbook  of 
Praise,  and  Congregational  Tune  Book. 

Roberts,  John  Varley,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Stanningley,  near  Leeds, 
September  25,  1841.  His  musical  talent  was 
developed  at  an  early  age,  and  when  twelve 
he  was  appointed  organist  of  St.  John's,  Fars- 
ley,  near  Leeds ;  in  1862  he  was  organist  at 
St.  Bartholomew's,  Armley,  and  in  1868  or- 
ganist and  choirmaster  of  Halifax  Parish 
Church.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac.  1871,  Mus. 
Doc.  1876,  Oxford;  F.C.O.,  1876.  In  1882 
he  was  appointed  to  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford,  as  organist  and  magister  choristarimi, 
also  holding  office,  1885-93,  at  St.  Giles' 
Church,  Oxford.  Conductor  of  the  Oxford 
Choral  and  Philharmonic  Society,  1885-93  ; 
Madrigal  Society  of  Magdalen  College ;  and 
of  the  Magdalen  Vagabonds.  Lecturer  in  j 
harmony  and  counterpoint  for  the  Oxford  j 
Professor  of  Music  ;  Examiner  for  Musical 
Degrees,  1883-86-89-90.  He  has  given  many 
high-class  concerts  at  Oxford. 

WoKKS. — Jonah,  sacred  cantata,  1876,  per- 
formed  at   Oxford   and   many  other  places ; 
Psalm  103,  for  chorus  and  orchestra  ;  A  full 
Morning,  Communion,  and  Evening  Service 
m  D ;  Full  Communion  Service  in  D ;  Mag- 
nificat  and   Nunc  Dimittis   in  C,  composed 
for  the  Festival  of  the  London  Church  Choir  i 
Association,     St.     Paul's     Cathedral,     1894 ;  j 
Evening    Services   in    F,    E,    and   G ;    Four  I 
settings    of     the     Benedictus ;     The     Lord's 
Prayer   and   Apostles'  Creed   in   harmonised 
monotone ;    Benedicite,    Omnia    Opera,    etc. 
Anthems  :  Lord,  we  pray  Thee ;  Seek  ye  the 
Lord ;  Lord,  who  shall  dwell ;  Peace  I  leave 
■with  you  ;  I   will  sing  unto  the    I  .ord,  com- 
posed  for   the   Jubilee  Service  in    ^lagdalen 
Chapel,   1887  ;    The  whole  earth  is  at  rest ; 
and  others.     Part  Souijs  :  Cupid  once  upon  ; 
a   bed   of   roses ;    Come,  my   dear  one ;    The 
shades  of  night ;    A  red,   red   rose.      Songs  : 
The  old  Parish  Church;  The  Far-off  Land; 
Happy  Moments  ;  !My  World ;  Maiden  with  i 
the  merry  eye ;    A  Farewell,  etc.      Andante  i 
in  G,  Postlude  in  F,  Larghetto  and  Allegro  ' 
in  F,  and  other  pieces  for  organ.     Editor  of 
The   Parish    Church   Chant   Book,   Novello ; 
Supplement  to  Cheetham's  Psalmody ;    The 
Victoria  Book  of  Hymns. 

Roberts,  Kate,  see  sub.  R.a.lph,  Francis.  ! 

Roberts,  Richard,  harpist,  known  as  the 
"  blind  Minstrel  of  Carnarvon,"  born  1796 ;  ' 
died  June,  1855.  He  was  a  performer  of  | 
great  skill,  and  played  before  Princess  Vic- 
toria at  Beaumaris  in  1832.  He  compiled 
"  Cambrian  Harmonv,  being  a  collection  of 
Welsh  airs,"  Dublin  [1840] . 

Roberts,  Mrs.  T.,  see  Isaacs,  Rebecca. 

Roberts,    W.    Jarrett,    composer    and 


ROBERTSON. 

teacher,  was  born  at  Liverpool  in  1846.  He 
studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  and  afterwards  became 
principal  of  the  North  Wales  Academy  of 
^lusic.  He  died  at  Bangor  in  November, 
1886.  Composer  of  "The  Inundation  of 
Cantrir  Gwaelod,"  a  dramatic  cantata, 
Merthyr,  1881 ;  Music  for  pf.  and  violin, 
songs,  etc. 

Robertson,  a  Scottish  family  of  violinists, 
who  flourished  early  in  the  present  century. 
It  consisted  of  Henry,  James,  and  William, 
who  mostly  resided  at  Alloa,  and  performed 
at  gatherings  in  the  surrounding  country-. 

Robertson,  Alexander,  musician  and 
teacher  of  first  part  of  present  century.  He 
taught  the  pf.  on  the  Logierian  system,  and 
was,  in  company  with  Penson,  a  violinist,  as 
musicseller  in  Edinburgh.  He  afterwards 
carried  on  a  music  -  publishing  business  in 
partnership  with  his  brother  John.  Robertson 
published  Marshall's  Reels  and  Strathspeys, 
and  many  other  Scottish  musical  works. 

Robertson,  Daniel,  musician,  who  was 
born  in  the  latter  part  of  the  18th  century, 
and  died  about  1857.  He  issued  "  a  collection 
of  new  reels,  strathspevs,  jigs,  waltzes,  etc." 
Edinburgh,  n.d.  [1802].  "A  selection  of 
Scots,  English,  and  Irish  songs  with  accom- 
paniments for  the  piano."  Edinburgh,  n.d., 
2  vols.  "  A  collection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn 
Tunes  in  miniature,  arranged  in  three  parts 
for  voice  and  pf."     Edinburgh,  1800. 

Robertson,  James  Stewart,  of  Edrady- 
nate.  Collector,  was  bom  May  15,  1823.  He 
published    "The    Athole    Collection   of    the 

Dance    Music   of    Scotland," Edinburgh, 

1884,  2  vols. 

Robertson,  John,  musician  and  publisher, 
born  about  1777.  He  was  precentor  of  the 
Barony  Church  in  Glasgow,  and  had  a  music- 
selling  business  in  the  same  citv.  He  died  at 
Glasgow,  March  11,  1827.  Compiler  rf  "a 
selection  of  the  best  Psalm  and  Hymn  Tunes, 
some  of  which  are  original,  in  four  parts.." 
Glasgow,  1814.  "The  Seraph:  a  selection  of 
Psalm  and  H>nim  Tunes.."  [1827];  also 
Glasgow  [1840] .  These  collections  were 
afterwards  issued  in  oblong  volumes  as 
"Brown's  Robertson's  Selection  of  Sacred 
Music." 

Robertson,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  Edinburgh,  February  16, 1838.  While 
attending  the  University  Music  Classes  he 
gained  one  of  the  scholarships  offered  by  the 
U.  P.  denomination,  but  deciding  to  make 
music  his  profession,  he  resigned  it.  After 
studying  with  Professor  Donaldson,  he  went 
to  Berlin,  and  worked  with  Franz  Schulz. 
In  1884,  he  graduated  Mus.  Doc,  Cambridge, 
the  first  Scotsman  to  take  the  degree  at  that 
University.  F.E.I.S.  Organist  and  director 
of  the  choir.  New  Greyfriars'  Church,  1876- 
1895;    St.  Andrew's  Episcopal  Church,  1872 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


349 


ROBERTSON. 

to  present  time.  Conductor  of  Carubbers 
Close  Choir.  Has  composed  a  setting  of  Psalm 
122,  for  soli,  chorus,  orchestra,  and  organ ; 
anthems,  Pray  for  the  Peace  of  Jerusalem, 
and  others ;  Te  Deum  in  F.  Part  songs :  Lull 
ye  my  Love  asleep  (prize) ;  Awake !  ye  mid- 
night mariners  (sung  at  Crystal  Palace) ; 
Victoria  Psean,  etc.  Is  author  of  a  Treatise 
on  Harmony  and  Counterpoint,  in  "The 
Musical  Educator,"  edited  by  John  Greig, 
(q.v.) 

Robertson,  Sophie  Maria,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  at  Valparaiso,  Chili,  July  .31, 
1854.  Her  father  was  a  merchant  who  had 
settled  there,  and  her  mother  a  daughter  of 
Lieutenant  Worthington  who  fought  under 
Nelson  at  Trafalgar.  In  186i  the  family 
returned  to  England,  the  father  dying  the 
same  year.  As  a  child  INIiss  Robertson's 
singing  attracted  attention,  and  later  she  was 
placed  under  Randegger,  and  Benedict.  She 
first  appeared  at  the  concerts  of  the  Royal 
Amateur  Orchestral  Society,  1875-6 ;  was 
heard  in  the  provinces,  1877,  and  the  extra- 
ordinary range  of  her  voice  contributed  much 
to  her  early  success.  In  1884  she  married 
Mr.  Stanley  Stubbs,  and  retired  from  the 
platform ;  but  up  to  1888  occasionally  sang 
at  the  Royal  Albert  Hall,  and  in  the  country. 
Her  sister,  Fanny  Robertson,  is  a  contralto 
vocalist,  who  has  appeared  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  and  other  concerts.  The  duet  singing 
of  the  two  sisters  was  very  artistic,  recalling 
the  similar  performances  of  the  Misses 
Williams,  and  other  singers. 

Robertson,  Rev.  Thomas,  D.D.,  clergy- 
man and  writer,  was  minister  at  Dalmeny, 
Linlithgowshire,  and  died,  Edinburgh,  No- 
vember 15,  1799.  Author  of  "  An  Inquiry 
into  the  Fine  Arts...,"  vol.  1,  London,  1784. 
This  volume,  all  that  was  published  of  the 
work,  contains  the  "  History  and  Theory  of 
Ancient  and  Modern  Music." 

Robinson,  Anastasia,  Countess  of 
Peterborough,  contralto  vocalist,  born  at 
London  about  end  of  17th  century  [1698] . 
Daughter  of  a  portrait  painter.  She  studied 
under  Croft  and  Sandoni.  Debut  in  "Creso," 
1714.  Appeared  afterwards  in  operas  by 
Handel,  Scarlatti,  and  Buououcini.  Privately 
married  to  the  Earl  of  Peterborough,  1724, 
at  v/hich  time  she  quitted  the  stage.  She  is 
supposed  to  have  lived  with  him,  and  to  have 
been  considered  as  his  "mistress"  till  1735, 
when,  a  short  time  previous  to  his  death  in 
that  year,  the  Earl  acknowledged  the  marriage. 
She  died  at  Bevis  Mount,  Southampton,  1750. 

Robinson,  Daniel,  musician,  author  of 
"  An  Essav  upon  vocal  musick,"  Nottingham, 
1715. 

Robinson,  George  Herbert,  organist 
and  teacher.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cam- 
bridge, 1885.  Organistof  ,St.  Mary's,  Abchurch, 


ROBINSON. 

London,  1858 ;  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital,. 
1864;  organist  and  choirmaster,  Charterhouse 
School,  Godalming,  from  1872.  INIember,  and 
sometime  Director,  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society.  Composer  of  a  cantata,  "  Praise  the 
Lard  "  ;  Church  services,  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Robinson,  Hamilton,  pianist,  organist, 
and  composer,  born  at  Brighton,  December  6, 
1861.  Studied  at  R. A.M.  Mus.  Bac,  Durham,. 
1891 ;  F.R.C.O.  In  1879  appointed  organist, 
and  choirmaster,  Brunswick  Chapel,  Hyde 
Park,  London  ;  and  in  1885  to  St.  Stephen's, 
South  Kensington.  Lecturer  on  harmony, 
King's  CoUege,  London,  and  some  time  con- 
ductor of  Burlington  Choral  Association.  His. 
wife,  a  contrallo  vocalist,  was  educated  at  the 
R.A.M.,  and  in  1895  was  appointed  a  professor 
of  singing  at  King's  College,  ladies'  depart- 
ment. 

Works.  —  Sacred  Cantata  ;  Cantata  for 
ladies'  voices ;  Overture  orchestra,  and  Post- 
lude  for  orchestra  and  organ,  in  ]\IS.  Morning, 
Evening,  and  Communion  Service ;  Benedictus. 
and  Agnus  Dei  in  E  flat ;  Three  Christmas 
Carols.  The  Fisherman ;  In  Absence ;  Love's 
Challenge ;  and  other  songs.  Phautasiesce- 
nen ;  Impromptu ;  Valse  Caprice ;  Tarantella ; 
Gavotte  and  Musette;  Three  Sketches,  etc.,. 
for  pf. ;  andante,  organ,  etc. 

Robinson,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1682.  He  studied  in  the  Chapel 
Royal  under  Dr.  Blow.  Organist  of  St.  Law- 
rence Jewry,  1710,  and  St.  IMagnus,  1713. 
Organist  of  Westminster  Abbey,  1727.  He 
died  at  London,  April  30,  1762.  Composer  of 
chants,  psalms,  etc.  His  wife,  Ann  Turner 
Robertson,  whom  he  married  in  1716,  was  a 
vocalist  of  some  fame  in  her  day,  and  sang  in 
the  works  of  Handel.  She  died  on  January- 
5,  1741. 

Robinson,  Joseph,  the  most  distinguished 
of  a  remarkable  family  of  musicians.  The 
father,  Francis  Robinson,  was  vestry  clerk 
at  St.  Peter's  Parish  Church,  Dublin ;  a  pro- 
fessor of  music,  and  baritone  singer.  He 
founded,  in  1810,  a  society  called  the  "  Sons 
of  Handel."  Of  his  seven  children,  six — four 
sons  and  two  daughters — became  professional 
musicians.  Francis,  the  eldest  son,  born  in 
Dublin,  1799  ('?),  was  a  chorister  in  Christ 
Church  Cathedral ;  organist,  St.  Patrick's, 
1828-30 ;  Vicar-choral,  tenor,  Christ  Church, 
1833,  till  his  death,  October  31,  1872.  He 
was  a  Mus.  Doc,  honoris  causa,  Dublin,  and 
was  the  composer  of  some  church  music  and 
songs.  He  also  edited  Irish  ^lelodies,  with 
an  introduction  on  Irish  ]\Iusic,  by  George 
Farquhar  Graham.  Dublin,  Bussell  [1866]. 
William,  the  second  son,  had  a  bass  voice  of 
exceptional  quality  and  range.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  St.  Patrick's  choir  as  late  as 
1845,  and  also  of  the  choirs  of  Christ  Church 
and   Trinity   College.     John,  the   third  sou^ 


350 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGP.APHY. 


ROBINSON. 

born,  1812  (?),  was  also  in  the  Cathedral 
Choirs.  He  had  a  tenor  voice  ranging  to  the 
high  D.  He  was  organist  of  St.  Patrick's, 
1828;  Trinitv  College,  1834;  and  of  Christ 
Church,  184i.  He  died  in  1844.  Joseph, 
the  voungest  son,  was  born  in  Dublin,  August 
20,  i816.  Entered  the  choir  of  St.  Patrick's, 
1824,  and  when  his  voice  broke  became  or- 
ganist of  Sandford  Church.  When  a  youth, 
visited  Paris  and  London,  gaining  valuable 
experience,  and  becoming  acquaiuted  with 
leading  musicians.  In  1834  established  in 
Dublin,  the  "  Antient  Society,"  which  he 
•conducted  for  nearly  thirty  years,  introducing 
many  important  works  for  the  first  time  to 
Dulilin.  Became  conductor  of  the  University 
Choral  Society  in  1837.  Conducted  at  the 
opening  of  the  Exhibitions  at  Cork,  1852  and 
1883 ;  Dublin,  1853.  Professor  of  singing  at 
Royal  Irish  Academy  of  Music  from  1856, 
into  which  institution  he  infused  new  life ; 
and  in  1S7G  established  the  Dublin  Musical 
Society,  which  gave  its  last  concert,  Decem- 
ber 6,  1888,  but  was  afterwards  revived  under 
Dr.  Joseph  Smith  ((jv.)  In  August,  1896,  on 
attaining  his  eightieth  year,  Mr.  Robinson 
retired  from  active  work.  As  a  baritone 
vocalist  he  long  held  a  foremost  position  ; 
while  as  a  conductor  and  teacher  he  was  in 
the  front  rank.  His  compositions  include 
anthems,  services,  and  songs;  and  he  wrote 
a  March  for  the  opening  of  the  Dublin  Exhi- 
bition, 1882.  It  was  for  Joseph  Robinson 
that  Mendelssohn  scored  for  orchestra  his 
setting  of  "Hear  my  Prayer,"  originally 
written  with  an  accompaniment  for  organ 
alone.  He  married,  in  1849,  Miss  Faxxy 
Arthur,  a  pianist  and  composer,  born,  Sep- 
tember, 1831.  Studied  at  first  at  Southampton, 
and  later  under  Sterndale  Bennett  and  Thal- 
berg.  She  played  at  Dublin  in  February, 
1849 ;  appeared  at  the  matinees  of  the 
Musical  tlnion,  London,  June  26,  1855 ;  and 
at  the  New  Philharmonic  Concerts,  June  18, 
1856.  That  year  she  became  a  professor  at 
the  R.I. A.M.  She  composed  a  sacred  cantata, 
*'  God  is  Love,"  still  occasionally  performed  ; 
a  number  of  pf.  pieces,  and  some  songs.  She 
died  at  Dublin.  October  31,  1879. 

Robinson,  Thomas,  musician  of  latter 
part  of  16th  and  beginning  of  17th  centuries. 
Author  of  "The  Schoole  of  Musicke;  wherein 
is  taught  the  perfect  method  of  true  fingering 
of  the  lute,  pandora,  orpharion,  and  viol-de- 
gamba,  with  most  infallible  general  rules  both 
easie  and  delightful :  also  a  method  how  you 
may  be  your  own  instructor  for  prick-song, 
etc.,"  London,  1603.  New  Citharen  Lessons, 
with  perfect  tunings  of  the  same,  London, 
1609. 

Robinson,  Sir  William  Cleaver  F., 
amateur  composer,  born  in  1839.  Fourth  son 
of    the  late    Admiral    Sir   H.   Robinson,   of 


ROCKSTRO. 

Rosmead,  County  Meath,  and  brother  of  Lord 

Rosmead    (Sir  Hercules  Robinson).     Private 

Secretary  to  his  brother ;    Governor  of  West 

Australia,     1880;      South     Australia,     1882; 

Victoria,  1889;    and  West  Australia,  1890-5, 

when  he  retired,  and  settled  in  London.     He 

!  died  there,  May  2,  1897.     He  composed  the 

!  operas,    "  The    Handsome    Ransom,    or   the 

]  Brigand's  Bride,"  produced  at  Perth,  Western 

Australia,  and  at  Melbourne,  1893;  and  "The 

j  Nut-bro^vn    Maid,"    completed    1896.       His 

i  "  Unfurl   the   Flag"   was   the   first  national 

1  song  the  Australians  possessed.     Other  of  his 

songs  are :    Remember  me  no  more ;  Imper- 

fectus ;    Severed ;    I  love  thee  so ;    Thou  art 

my  soul,  etc.     He  was  also  an  accomplished 

violinist. 

1      Robinson,  Winifred,   violinist,  born  at 

j  Boston,    Lincolnshire.      Studied   at   R.A.M. 

under  Sainton.     Kelsall   prize   h'older,   1885. 

A. R.A.M.     Asa  youthful  performer  was  heard 

at   the    Birmingham    Saturday   Concerts   in 

February,  1880,  and  in  other  provincial  towms. 

In  1887  she  made  a  successful  appearance  at 

Brunswick  ;  and  since  1888  has  given  concerts 

in  London.     In  1895  she  organised  a  ladies' 

string   quartet,    which   has   acquired  a  good 

reputation  in  chanaber  music. 

Roby,    Arthur,    organist  and  composer. 

Organist  and  choirmaster  at  Stamford  Hill 

Church,  London.     He  has  composed  a  sacred 

cantata,  "Blind  Bartimaeus,"  produced,  Octo- 

I  her  13,  1892;  and  two  operettas,  "  1990,"  and 

I  "  Won  bv  wit,"  performed  at  Myddleton  Hall, 

London,  "October  16,  1895. 
I  Rock,  Michael,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  latter  part  of  18th  century.  He 
studied  under  Dr.  B.  Cooke,  and  in  1802 
became  organist  of  St.  Margaret's,  West- 
minster. He  died  in  London,  March,  1809. 
Composer  of  glees,  "  Beneath  a  churchyard 
yew,"  "  Let  the  sparkling  wine  go  round " 
(prize,  1794),  etc. 

Another  musician  named  William  Rock, 
a  relative  of  the  foregoing,  was  organist  of 
St.  Margaret's  Westminster,  from  1774  to 
1802.  He  composed  glees,  "  Alone  thro'  un- 
frequented wilds  "  [1790] ,  etc.  ;  songs  and 
instrumental  music. 

Rockstro,  William  Smyth,  originally 
Rackstraw,  organist,  composer,  and  writer, 
born  at  North  Cheam,  Surrey,  January  5, 
1823.  Studied  under  John  Purkis,  and  later 
with  Sterndale  Bennett.  At  the  farewell 
concert  of  Francois  Cramer,  Hano\er  Square 
Rooms,  June  27,  1844,  Staudigl  sang  a  song, 
"  Soon  shall  chilling  fear,"  composed  by  Rack- 
straw.  An  overture  for  orchestra,,  "Twelfth 
Night,"  w-as  rehearsed  by  the  Society  of 
British  Musicians,  September  21  following ; 
and  a  duet  from  an  opera,  "  Die  Weldon," 
was  given  at  a  concert  of  that  society,  March 
27,  1845.     After  that  time  to  the  middle  of 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


351 


RODDIE. 

1846  he  studied  at  Leipzig  Conservatorium, 
and  was  one  of  the  few  who  enjoyed  the 
•direct  tuition  of  IMeridelssohn.  On  his  return 
he  became  known  as  ]\Ir.  Roci^stro,  this  being 
an  older  form  of  the  family  name.  He  ap- 
peared at  times  as  a  pianist,  and  was  accom- 
panist at  the  British,  and  "  Wednesday 
Concerts"  at  Exeter  Hall,  etc.  In  1847,  in 
•conjunction  with  J.  Wrey  ^Mould,  he  began 
to  edit,  for  Boosey  and  Co.,  a  series  of  operas 
in  vocal  score,  with  memoirs,  and  indications 
of  the  instrumentation.  They  were  the  first 
operas  published  in  monthly  parts,  at  a  cheap 
rate.  Lived  for  many  years  at  Torquay,  and 
was,  from  1867,  organist  and  honorary  pre- 
centor at  All  Saints',  Bal)bicombe.  In  1876 
he  was  received  into  the  Church  of  Rome. 
He  conducted  concerts  of  Italian  and  English 
sacred  music  of  16th  and  17th  centuries  at 
the  "Inventions"  Exhibition,  1885,  and, 
returning  to  London  in  1891,  gave  lectures 
at  the  R.A.M.  aud  R.C.M.,  at  the  latter 
taking  a  class  for  plain  song.  In  ancient 
ecclesiastical  music  he  was  a  high  authority. 
He  died  in  London,  July  2,  1895. 

Works. — Sacred  cantata,  The  Good  Shep- 
herd, produced  at  Gloucester  Festival,  1886  ; 
O,  too  cruel  fair,  madrigal,  five  voices,  Bach 
Choir,  1884;  ballet.  Flora's  Path,  Bristol 
Madrigal  Society,  1891 ;  Queen  and  Huntress, 
A  Jewel  for  my  Lady's  Ear,  ai^d  other  songs  ; 
overture,  Nieser,  orchestra,  1848  ;  numerous 
light  pieces  for  pf. ;  Festival  Psalter,  adapted 
to  the  Gregorian  Tones  ;  Accompanying  Har- 
monies to  the  Ferial  Psalter ;  Harmonies  for 
Additional  Chants  and  the  Ambrosial  Te 
Deum.  Literary :  A  History  of  Music  for 
Young  Students,  1879  ;  Practical  Harmon v, 
1881 ;  The  Rules  of  Counterpoint,  1882 ;  Life 
of  George  Frederic  Handel,  London,  Mac- 
millan,  1883  ;  Mendelssohn  (Great  Musicians 
Series),  1884  ;  A  General  History  of  Music, 
Sampson  Low,  1886 ;  Jenny  Lind,  the  Artist 
(with  Canon  Scott  Holland),  Murray,  1891  ; 
Jenny  Lind,  her  Vocal  Art  and  Culture  (with 
Otto  Goldschmidt),  Novello,  1894;  a  long 
series  of  valuable  papers  in  Grove's  Dic- 
tionary ;  contributions  to  the  Musical  Times, 
Musical  Society,  and  other  journals. 

Richard  Shepherd  Rockstro,  his  brother, 
is  a  professor  of  the  flute  at  the  Guildhall 
School  of  Music.  He  was  for  years  in  or- 
chestras under  Costa,  and  principal  flute  in 
British  Orchestral  Society,  1872.  Author  of 
a  Treatise  on  the  Construction,  History,  and 
Practice  of  the  Flute,  London,  Rudall,  1891? 
Also  of  the  section  relating  to  flutes  in  the 
descriptive  catalogue  of  instruments  at  the 
Military  Exhibition,  London,  1890,  compiled 
by  Captain  Day  iq.v.) 

Roddie,  William  Stewart,  composer 
and  teacher,  born  in  Glasgow,  September  11, 
1845.      Brought   up   to   the   business  of    an 


RODWELL. 

engraver ;  after  some  years  abandoned  it  for 
music,  for  which  he  had  a  strong  predilection. 
Received  most  of  his  musical  training  at  the 
Andersonian  University,  Glasgow,  and  began 
his  professional  career  at  Perth,  in  1871.  In 
187.3,  he  removed  to  Inverness,  where  he  is 
now  settled.  He  is  choirmaster  in  the  Free 
High  Chiirch,  conductor  of  the  Choral  Union, 
and  superintendent  singing-master  to  the 
School  Board.  He  is  also  professor.  Art  of 
Teaching,  in  the  Tonic  Sol-Fa  College, 
London. 

Works. — Operettas  for  Children  :  Queen 
of  the  Seasons ;  Hermit's  Cell ;  The  little 
old  Woman ;  Sir  Christus  the  Good ;  Little 
Folks  at  Play  ;  Norseman  and  Saxon.  School 
Cantatas :  "The  Spring-tide  Holiday ;  The 
Forest  Rovers  ;  The  Sleeping  Beauty  ;  The 
House  that  Jack  Built ;  Valentine  and  Orson ; 
Aladdin ;  Ali  Babu,  and  others.  School  song 
books,  action  songs,  part  songs,  etc.  Trans- 
lator of  The  Bohemian  Girl  and  Maritana 
into  Tonic  Sol-fa  notation. 

Rodney,  Paul,  composer,  of  present  time. 
He  has  published  a  number  of  songs,  among 
which  may  be  named  A  Dream  of  Bethlehem; 
A  Dream  of  golden  da.ys ;  As  once  in  May ; 
Alone  on  the  raft ;  Emmanuel ;  Thy  King ; 
On  Carmel's  Hill ;  Calvary  ;  Fisher's  Good- 
bye ;  In  a  garden  of  roses  ;  Time  and  Tide ; 
Venezia,  etc. 

Rodwell,  Anne,  authoress  of  "  The 
Ju\enile  Pianist,  or  a  mirror  of  music  for 
infant  minds,"  London,  1835 ;  2nd  edition, 
1848. 

Rodwell,  George  Herbert  Bonaparte, 
composer  and  dramatist,  was  born  at  London, 
November  15,  1800.  Son  of  Thomas  Rodwell, 
part-proprietor  of  the  Adelphi  Theatre,  on 
whose  death,  in  ISIarch,  1825,  he  succeeded  to 
his  share  in  the  theatre.  Music-director  of 
Covent  Garden ,  1836.  Married  to  ]Miss  Liston, 
daughter  of  John  Liston,  the  comedian.  He 
died  at  Pimlico,  London,  January  22,  1852. 

Works. — Operettas,  etc.:  Bottle  Imp,  1828; 
Mason  ol  Buda,  1828;  Spring  Lock,  1829; 
Earthquake,  1829 ;  Devil's  Elixir,  1829  ;  My 
own  lover,  1832  ;  Evil  eve,  18-32  ;  Lord  of  the 
Isles,  18.34;  Paul  Clifford,  1835;  Sexton  of 
Cologne,  1836  ;  Jack  Sheppard,  1839 ;  Grace 
Darling ;  Die  Hexen  am  Rhien  ;  Sathanus ; 
Don  Quixote ;  Bronze  Horse ;  Quasimodo 
(from  Weber's  "  Preciosa ") ;  Last  days  of 
Pompeii.  Songs  of  the  Sabbath  Eve,  poetry 
by  E.  Fitzball.  Songs  of  the  Birds,  by  Fitz- 
ball ;  Six  rounds,  2  books,  London,  n.d. 
Royal  Serenades,  3  part-songs.  So7tgs :  A  cup 
of  nectar  ;  Awake,  ye  gallant  sons  of  Greece  ; 
Banks  of  the  blue  Moselle  ;  Beautiful  blue 
violets  ;  Blind  flower-girl's  song ;  Flower  of 
Ellerslie ;  Hurrah !  for  the  road  ;  Here's  a 
health  to  thee,  IMary ;  Land  of  the  free ; 
Muleteer ;    Nix,  my  dolly,  pals  fake  away ; 


352 


BKITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ROE. 

Poor  Louise ;  Song  of  night ;  Up.  brothers, 
up ;  Who  cares,  etc.  The  First  Rudiments 
of  Harmony,  with  an  account  of  all  instru- 
ments employed  in  an  orchestra,  London, 
1830.  A  Catechism  on  Harmony,  London, 
n.d.  The  Guitar,  London,  n.d.  Edited 
Whittaker's  hand-books  of  musical  instruction 
[1845] .  A  Letter  to  the  Musicians  of  Great 
Britain,  London,  1833.  Also  a  few  novels,  of 
which  "Old  London  Bridge"  ran  through 
several  editions,  and  was  reprinted  in  America. 
"The  ilemoirs  of  an  Umbrella,"  and  "Wo- 
man's Love,"  are  two  others.  He  also  wrote 
farces  and  dramatic  pieces. 

Roe,  John  W.,  bass  singer,  who  wrote  a 
number  of  songs  for  John  Parry  and  others, 
and  did  much  to  foster  the  cultivation  of 
Glees.  He  died  at  Hove,  Brighton,  ilarch  2, 
1853. 

Roe,  Richard,  clergyman,  vocalist,  and 
writer,  who  died  at  London,  April,  1853.  He 
wrote  "The  Principles  of  Rhythm,  both  in 
Speech  and  ^lusic,  especially  as  exhibited 
in  the  mechanism  of  English  verse,"  Dublin, 
1823. 

Roe,  Samuel,  musician,  is.sued  "  Bedford- 
shire Harmony,  a  set  of  original  tunes," 
London,  1825. 

Roebuck,  Alfred,  compiler  of  "Old 
Methodist  Tunes,  intended  to  illustrate  a 
lecture  entitled  "  Stories  of  old  ^lethodist 
hymns,"   ^lanchester,  Heywood,  1887. 

Roeckel,  Joseph  Leopold,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  April  11,  1838. 
Youngest  son  of  Professor  Joseph  Augustus 
Roeckel,  vocalist  and  operatic  director 
(1783-1870),  who,  in  1832,  produced  for  the 
first  time  in  P2ngland,  German  opera  in  the 
original  language,  Beethoven's  "  Fidelic," 
May  18,  etc.  J.  L.  Roeckel  studied  under 
his  father ;  at  Wiirzburg,  with  Eisenhofer  ; 
and  with  Johann  Gotze,  at  Weimar.  Settled 
at  Clifton,  as  teacher  and  composer.  Has 
been  often  heard  as  a  pianist ;  played  at  the 
first  of  ^Ir.  Riseley's  Popular  Concerts,  Oct- 
ober 6,  1877  ;  in  Birmingham  the  same  year, 
on  tour  with  Pyatt's  concert  party,  etc.  He 
has  composed  a  great  number  of  vocal  and 
instrumental  pieces,  outlined  in  the  subjoined 
list : — Catitatas  :  Fair  Rosamund,  produced 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  1871 :  Westward  Ho  !  ; 
The  Ten  Virgins;  Ruth;  Father  Christmas; 
The  Sea  ^laidens ;  Heather  Bells ;  Mary 
Stuart ;  La  Gitana ;  The  Minstrel  Prince ; 
Jubilee  Cantata,  The  Victorian  Age,  1887 ; 
Miriam ;  Yule-tide  chimes  ;  A  summer  Sun- 
day morning  ;  The  crystal  slipper  ;  The  wood- 
land sylphs ;  The  angel's  gift ;  Merrie  old 
England ;  Mountain  rose ;  William  Tell  (for 
boys).  The  Christian's  Armour,  service  of 
song.  The  hours ;  The  silver  penny,  operettas 
for  children.  Glees  :  Twilight ;  Airs  of  sum- 
mer ;    ^ladeline ;    In  Memoriam   (Mile.  Tict- 


ROGERS. 

jens),  etc.  Dramatic  scena,  "  Siddartha,"^ 
for  baritone  solo  and  orchestra,  Bristol  Festi- 
val, 189G.  Songs  of  Nature,  12  two-part 
songs ;  Two  sets  of  five  songs,  op.  12,  13 ; 
Lieder-album,  six  songs ;  The  scent  of  the 
limes ;  Can  you  forget ;  Angus  ^lacdonald ; 
Won  by  a  rose  ;  Storm  fiend  ;  Sun  dial ;  and 
many  other  songs.  Suite  for  orchestra ; 
pieces  for  violin  and  pf. ;  Abend-Traum  ;  Air 
du  Dauphin  ;  Fete  Roumaine ;  Improiuptu 
caprices,  2  books ;  Three  Musical  Sketches,, 
etc.,  for  pf. 

In  1864  he  married  Miss  Jane  Jacksox, 
pianist  and  composer,  born  at  Clifton.  "Her 
father — the  late  S.  Jackson,  of  the  old  Water 
Colour  Society,  and  an  excellent  amateur 
musician — was  her  first  teacher ;  and  she 
studied  later  under  Pauer,  Halle,  iladame 
I  Schumann,  Blumenthal,  and  ^lolique.  Ap- 
peared at  solo  pianist  at  concerts  given  by 
Ernst  Pauer  in  London  ;  and  from  1862  gave 
concerts  at  Clifton,  playing  concertos  by 
Hummel,  etc.,  with  orchestral  accompani- 
ments. Later,  de\oted  herself  chiefly  to 
teaching  and  composition,  but  playing  occas- 
ionally in  public.  On  April  4,  1885,  she  gave 
a  concert  of  compositions  by  women.  Under 
the  name  of  Jules  de  Sivrai,  she  has  pub- 
lished Balmoral,  Reverie  Mazurka,  Premiere 
Tarantella,  Dan.se  Russe,  and  other  pieces  for 
pf.,  several  of  which  have  been  played  by 
Arabella  Goddard.  She  has  also  composed 
A  Village  Story,  Drifting  on,  and  numerous 
other  songs;  and  is  the  inventor  of  the  "  Pam- 
phonia,"  an  apx^liance  for  learning  the  stave 
and  clefs.  She  founded,  in  1889,  the  Teachers' 
Provident  Association,  an  excellent  local 
institution. 

Roffe,  Alfred  Thomas,  author  of  "  The 
Handbook  of  Shakespeare  Music,  being  an 
account  of  three  hundred  and  fifty  pieces  of 
music  set  to  words  taken  from  the  plays  and 
poems  of  Shakespeare,  the  compositions  rang- 
ing from  the  Elizabethan  Age  to  the  present 
time,"  London,  1878.  "  Ghost  Belief  of 
Shakespeare,"  London,  1851,  privately  printed, 
etc.  "  A  musical  trial  from  Shakespeare. . . . 
to  which  is  added  old  English  singers,  and 
Mr.  Bowman,  actor,  singer,  etc.,"  London, 
1872. 

Rogers,  Benjamin,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, born  at  Windsor  in  1614.  Son  of  Peter 
Rogers,  lay-clerk  of  St.  George's  Chapel. 
Chorister  under  Dr.  Ciiles,  and  lay-clerk,  St. 
George's  Chapel,  Windsor.  Organist,  Christ 
Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,  16-39.  Gentleman 
of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  1641.  Music- 
teacher  in  Windsor.  Mus.  Bac,  Cantab., 
1658.  Organist  of  Eton  College,  circa  1662. 
Reappointed  lay-clerk,  Windsor,  1662.  Or- 
ganist of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  1664-85. 
Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  1669.  He  died  at  Oxford, 
June,  1698. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


353 


ROGERS. 

Works. — A  set  of  airs  in  four  parts,  for 
violins,  1653.  Hymnus  Eucharisticus,  1660. 
Evening  Service  in_  G.  SerNices  in  D,  A 
minor,  E  minor,  and  F.  Anthems :  Behold 
now,  praise  the  Lord ;  Lord,  who  shall  dwell ; 
0  pray  for  the  peace  of  Jerusalem  ;  Teach  me, 
O  Lord;  etc.,  contained  in  the  collections  of 
Boyce,  Page,  Ouseley,  and  Rimbault.  HjTnns, 
songs,  and  instrumental  pieces. 

Rogers,  Edmund,  organist  and  compo- 
ser, born  at  Salisbury,  October  9,  1851. 
Chorister,  Salisbury  Cathedral,  1860-5.  Ap- 
pointed organist  of  Holy  Trinity,  Windsor, 
1869;  St.  Alban's,  Holborn,  London,  1870; 
St.  Thomas',  Portman  Square,  1871 ;  and  St. 
Michael's,  Paddington,  1888,  to  present  time. 
Conductor  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School  Choral 
Society  since  1886.  His  compositions  are 
well  known  in  America  and  Australia  as  well 
as  in  this  country. 

Works. — Cantatas  :  Sacred :  The  Pilgrim's 
Progress,  1883 ;  Footprints  of  the  Saviour, 
1886;  The  Lord  of  Gold,  1890;  Gathered 
Grain,  1890 ;  From  Cross  to  Crown,  1891 ; 
A  Song  of  Praise,  1894 ;  The  King  of  Love, 
1896.  Secular  :  The  Bridal  Lay,  1871 ;  Jack 
a,nd  the  Beanstalk,  1879  ;  Blue  Beard,  1881 ; 
Beaut}'  and  the  Beast,  1882 ;  John  Gilpin, 
1883  ;  Forty  Thieves,  1884 ;  Bells  of  Elsinore, 
female  voices,  1888 ;  Golden  Fleece,  1890 ; 
Golden  Flower,  1892 ;  Evangeline,  equal 
voices,  1895.  Operettas :  Elinore,  or  the 
Border  Bride,  1887 ;  Daisy  DeU,  1888 ;  Prin- 
cess Tiny  Tot,  1889;  The  Florikins,  1892; 
and  Woodland  Fairies,  1896.  Mass  in  D  ; 
Offertory  sentences ;  H}Tiin  tunes.  Anthems, 
songs,  and  part-songs.  Chorus,  The  Crusader, 
written  for  a  club  at  Philadelphia,  1887. 
Organ  and  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Rogers,  Frederick  F.,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Cheltenham  in  1846.  Or- 
ganist and  choirmaster,  Highworth  Parish 
Church,  1863 ;  Assistant  organist.  Parish 
Church,  Great  Malvern  ;  and  organist  at  the 
College  Chapel,  1865;  St.  Peter's,  Malvern 
Wells,  1869.  Appointed  manager  of  Steinway 
Hall,  London,  1893. 

Works. — Deborah,  sacred  cantata,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra  ;  Psalm  69  ;  Festival 
Te  Deum  in  F ;  Offertory  Sentences,  and 
other  church  music.  Cantatas  for  female 
voices :  The  Fairy  Flower,  1884  ;  Silver  Sails, 
1885;  Elfin  Chimes,  1886;  Beautiful  Land, 
1887  ;  Li  the  hayfields,  1888 ;  The  Elfin  Well, 
1889.  The  Old  Abbey ;  Old  Church  Tower  ; 
Pardon  ;  At  set  of  sun  ;  Old  England's  Flag  ; 
For  ever ;  and  other  songs.  Pf.  pieces : 
Minuet  in  A ;  Six  ^lorceaux  de  Salon  ;  Gar- 
land of  favourites,  6  Nos.,  for  young  players  ; 
Albumblatt,  etc. 

Rogers,  Jeremiah,  organist  and  author, 
born  about  1818.  He  was  appointed  organist 
of  Doncaster  Parish  Church  in  1835,  and  held 


ROMAINE. 

that  office  until  his  death  at  Doncaster, 
January  22,  1879,  aged  60.  Author  of  a 
History  of  Doncaster. 

Rogers,     Sir     John     Leman,     Bart., 

amateur  composer,  born  April  18,  1780. 
Succeeded  to  the  baronetcy,  1797.  Member 
of  the  Madrigal  Society,  1819.  President  of 
Madrigal  Society,  1820-41.  He  died  Decem- 
ber 10,  1847. 

Works. — Sixteen  glees,  for  three,  four, 
five,  and  six  voices  (edited  by  T.  Oliphant), 
London  [1842]  Church  Service  in  F ;  an- 
thems, chants,  and  other  sacred  music. 

Rogers,  Roland,  organist,  conductor, 
and  composer,  born  at  West  Bromwich,  Staf- 
fordshire, November  17, 1847.  Studied  under 
his  father,  a  good  violinist,  and  a  local 
teacher.  Li  1858  he  was  organist  of  St. 
Peter's,  West  Bromwich,  and  when  only 
fifteen  secured  a  similar  appointment  at  St. 
John's,  Wolverhampton.  He  moved  to  Tet- 
teuhall  Parish  Church,  in  1868,  and  in  1871 
was  appointed  to  Bangor  Cathedral.  There 
he  raised  the  musical  services  to  a  high 
position.  He  resigned  at  the  end  of  1891. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac.  1870,  Mus.  Doc.  1875, 
Oxford.  A  fine  executant,  he  has  given 
recitals  at  St.  George's  Hall,  Liverpool  (a 
series  in  1890),  and  in  other  places,  besides 
annual  series  in  Bangor  Cathedral.  Con- 
ducted the  Penrhj-n  and  Arvonic  Choirs, 
winning  many  Eisteddfodic  prizes.  Is  now 
chiefly  de\oted  to  teaching,  holding  a  leading 
position  in  Wales.  His  compositions  com- 
prise Psalm  180,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  strings ; 
Prayer  and  Praise,  cantata,  soli,  eight-part 
chorus  and  orchestra  ;  authems  and  ser%4ces ; . 
prize  cantata^  The  Garden,  produced  at  Llan- 
dudno, June  30,  1896 ;  Florabel,  cantata  for 
female  voices ;  school  songs,  part-songs,  and 
songs ;  symphony  for  orchestra;  string  quintet ; 
organ  pieces,  etc. 

Rogers,  Rev.  Thomas,  clergjTnan  and 
author.  Was  Choral  Scholar,  New  College, 
Oxford,  1859-63.  Graduated  M.A.,  Oxford, 
1864;  M.A.,  Durham,  1882;  Mus.  Doc, 
honoris  causa,  Durham,  1882.  Minor  Canon, 
1864-84  ;  Precentor,  1872-84,  Durham  Cathe- 
dra.'. Occasionally  conducted  concerts  at 
Durham,  to  1884.  Precentor,  Chelmsford 
Association  of  Church  Choirs,  1884.  Vicar 
of  Roxwell,  Essex.  Has  published  church 
music,  hymn  tunes,  introits,  etc.  ;  also  songs 
and  part  songs.  Author  of  "  Musical  Art : 
its  Influence  on  Religious  Life  and  Thought, 
1883;  "Church  music  in  rural  districts," 
1886. 

Rollinson,  Matthew,  violinist,  teacher 
and  conductor,  born  about  1806.  He  was 
well  known  in  Yorkshire  as  a  performer,  and 
in  Huddersfield  as  a  teacher.  He  died 
October  6,  1874,  aged  68. 

Romaine,     Rev.    William,     clergj-man 


354 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


ROMANZINI. 

and  writer,  1714-1795.     Author  of  "  An  Essay 
on  Psalmody,  by  W.  R.,"  London,  1775. 

Romanzini,  Maria  T.,  see  Bland, 
Mari.\  T. 

Romer,  Emma,  soprano  vocalist,  born  in 
1814.  She  studied  under  Sir  George  Smart, 
and  made  her  dibut  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
London,  in  1830.  Sang  in  Enghsh  Opera  j 
House,  etc.  Appeared  chiefly  in  English 
operas,  which  she  produced  at  the  Surrey 
Theatre,  London.  She  was  married  to  a  Mr. 
Almond.  She  died  at  Margate,  April  11, 
1868. 

Romer,  Francis,  writer  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  August  5,  1810.  Member 
of  the  music-publishing  firm  of  Hutchings 
and  Romer.  He  died  at  Malvern,  July  1, 
1889.  Father  of  INIr.  Justice  Romer.  Com- 
posed Pridolin,  opera,  1840 ;  The  Pacha's 
Bridal,  opera,  18.36 ;  ^Mountain  maidens,  can- 
tata ;  Musical  Readings  of  H.  W.  Longfellow's 
Poetry,  1852-61,  issued  in  parts.  Songs :  Six 
songs"  [1853]  ;  Day  dreams.  Fair  Chloris,  I 
joyfully  carol,  I've  watched  with  thee.  Maiden 
of  the  sunny  clime.  Now  smiling  comes  the 
joyous  spring,  O,  mother,  hear  thy  poor  blind 
child.  The  lay  of  the  chimes ;  Part-music  for 
three  and  four  voices,  etc.  "  The  Physiology 
of  the  Human  Voice,"  London,  1845  and  1850. 
School  of  Singing,  London  [1861] . 

Romer,  Thomas,  tenor  singer,  who  sang 
under  the  name  of  T.  R.  Travers,  was  born 
at  Liverpool  in  1817  ;  died  at  London,  May 
20,  1855,  aged  38. 

His  sister  Annie  (Mrs.  William  Brough) 
was  a  soprano  singer.  She  was  born  in  1829, 
and  died  at  London,  February  1,  1852,  aged 
23.  Made  her  stage  dibzd  at  the  Adelphi 
Theatre,  Liverpool,  September  30,  1846. 

Charles  Romer  (a  relative  ?)  was  singing 
in  London  at  concerts  in  1844,  and  was  well 
spoken  of. 

Ronald,  Landon,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  in  London,  June  7,  1873.  When  a  child 
studied  pianoforte  under  Ad.  Schloesser  and 
Carlo  Albanesi.  Scholar,  R.C.M.,  studying 
under  Franklin  Taylor,  Dr.  Hubert  Parry,  R. 
Gompertz,  and  Dr.  Bridge.  Shewed  extra- 
ordinary talent  as  a  pianist,  and  appeared  in 
public  in  1887 ;  but  turned  later  to  composition 
and  conducting.  Was  pianist  on  tour  with 
"L'Enfant  Prodigue"  company,  1891.  En- 
gaged as  conductor  at  Drury  Lane,  in  opera, 
April,  1896.  He  has  composed  an  operetta, 
"Did  you  ring?"  produced  by  the  Grosvenor 
Club,  November  29,  1892,  and  is  understood 
to  have  in  hand  an  opera  on  a  large  scale. 
His  published  songs  include :  The  Future 
(composed  at  the  age  of  eight) ;  I  love  Thee  ; 
When  the  Lamp  is  shattered ;  Love  in  absence ; 
and  others.  Pf.  pieces :  Une  Id^e ;  Ballade, 
etc.  Part  composer  of  music  to  "  The  Little 
Genius,"  Shaftesbury  Theatre,  1896. 


ROOTSEY. 

Rooke,  William  Michael,  or  Rourke, 

composer,  born  at  Dublin,  September  29, 
1794.  He  was  self-taught  in  music,  with  the 
exception  of  a  few  lessons  from  Dr.  Cogan. 
Chorus-master  and  deputv-leader  at  Crow 
Street  Theatre,  Dublin,  1817.  He  settled  in 
England,  and  became  chorus-master  at  Drury 
Lane  Theatre,  London;  leader  at  Vauxhall, 
under  Bishop,  and  teacher  of  singing.  He 
died  at  London,  October  14,  1847. 

Works. —  Operas :  Amilie,  or  the  Love 
Test,  London,  1837 ;  Henrique,  or  the  Love 
Pilgrim,  London,  1839 ;  Cagliostro,  opera 
(MS.);  The  Valkyrie,  opera  (MS.);  Overture 
for  orchestra ;  Polonaise  for  violin  ;  Farewell 
merry  maids  (chorus).  So7igs:  Little  Cupid 
once  tapped  at  a  maiden's  heart ;  Hark  the 
echo.     Pf.  music,  etc. 

Rookford,  Rudolph,  see  Crawford, 
William. 

Rootham,  Daniel  Wilberforce,  baritone 
vocalist  and  conductor,  born  at  Cambridge, 
August  15, 1837.  His  father,  Daniel  Rootham, 
was  a  bass  singer  in  the  choir  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  from  1815,  until  his  death 
in  1852.  At  eight  years  of  age  the  son  was 
admitted  a  chorister  at  Trinity  and  St.  John's 
Colleges.  Studied  under  his  father,  and  for 
five  years  with  Dr.  T.  A.  Walmisley.  On  the 
death  of  his  father  he  removed  to  Bristol,  and 
was  appointed  a  lay-clerk  at  the  Cathedral. 
After  this  time  he  studied  singing  under 
Schira.  In  1865  he  succeeded  J.  D.  Corfe, 
the  cathedral  organist,  as  conductor  of  the 
celebrated  Bristol  ^Madrigal  Society,  and  in 
1878  was  appointed  conductor  of  the  Bristol 
Festival  Choir,  retaining  these  positions  to 
the  present  time,  with  that  of  chorus-master 
at  the  Bristol  Festivals.  Was  engaged  in 
concert  singing  to  about  1870 ;  and  was 
organist  at  St.  Peter's,  Clifton  Wood,  1866, 
giving  up  his  cathedral  appointment  in  1877. 
His  time  is  now  chiefly  devoted  to  voice 
training ;  and  being  an  accomplished  linguist 
and  elocutionist,  he  has  been  engaged  for 
lectures  on  voice  management  at  Wells  Theo- 
logical College,  and  elsewhere. 

His  daughter,  Mabel  rilARGARET  Rooth.vm, 
was  the  first  Bristol  Scholar  at  the  R.C.M., 
where  she  studied  pf.  under  Franklin  Taylor, 
and  violin  with  R.  Gompertz.  She  made  a 
successful  dibut  at  Victoria  Rooms,  Clifton, 
October  9,  1891,  and  is  now  pianist  of  the 
Popular  Chamber  Concert  Society,  Bristol, 
and  engaged  in  teaching  pf.  and  violin. 

Samuel  Rootham,  brother  of  D.  F.,  tenor 
vocalist,  was  in  the  choir  of  Bristol  Cathedral 
for  many  years  from  1851.  He  is  musical 
instructor  at  the  Blind  Asylum,  Bristol,  and 
conductor  of  the  Redland  Park  Hall  Band. 
In  a  quiet  unobtrusive  way  he  has  done  much 
good  work. 

Rootsey,  S.,  author  of   "An  attempt  to 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


355 


ROSA. 

simplify  the  Notation  of  !Music,  together  with 
an  account  of  that  now  in  use. . . .,"  London, 
1811. 

Rosa,  see  Parepa-Rosa. 

Rose,  Algernon  S.,  writer  on  music, 
and  composer,  born  in  London,  January  27, 
1859.  Educated  at  Broadstairs,  Kent,  and  at 
Stuttgart  and  Yverdon,  Switzerland.  Studied 
pf.  under  Buttschardt,  and  Carl  Hause,  and 
violin  under  Kettenus.  In  business  connection 
with  the  house  of  Broadwood  &  Sons,  he  has 
twice  travelled  round  the  world.  F.R.G.S.  ; 
Fellow  of  the  Philharmonic  Society ;  and 
Liveryman  of  the  Musicians'  Company.  Hon. 
Sec,  Westminster  Orchestral  Society.  Author 
of  "  Talks  with  Bandsmen  :  a  popular  hand- 
book for  brass  instrumentalists,"  London, 
Rider ;  "  Greater  Britain,  musically  con- 
sidered," a  paper  read  at  the  Dublin  Confer- 
ence (1895)  of  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians ;  Contributions  to  the  musical 
press.  Composer  of  the  "  Queen's  March 
Past,"  the  regimental  march  of  the  Queen's 
Westminster  Volunteers  ;  Waltzes,  "  C'est 
Moi,"  and  "  Chimes,"  for  pf.,  and  also  for 
orchestra. 

Rose,  Henry  Robert,  organist,  born  at 
Bedford,  May  6,  1855.  Son  of  Robert  Rose, 
many  years  organist  of  St.  Paul's,  Bedford, 
Studied  at  R.A.M.,  under  G.  A.  Macfarren, 
Dr.  Steggall,  and  others,  from  1872.  Second 
Read  Prizeholder,  1879,  for  a  quartet  for  pf. 
and  .strings.  In  1880  he  was  appointed  organist 
of  St.  Pancras  Church,  in  succession  to  Henry 
Smart,  a  position  he  still  holds.  He  has 
given  organ  recitals  at  Bow  and  Bromley 
Institute,  from  1883,  etc.  Is  a  Fellow  of 
R.A.M.,  and  professor  of  the  organ  at  that 
Institution.  In  1880  he  married  Miss  Clara 
Samuell,  the  soprano  vocalist.  She  was 
born  at  Manchester,  August  29, 1857.  Studied 
in  that  city  under  Henry  Wilson ;  later  at 
Milan ;  and  in  1876  gained  the  Parepa-Rosa 
Scholarship  at  R.A.M.,  and  the  Parepa-Rosa 
Prize  in  1880.  Elected  an  Associate,  1881. 
She  has  sung  at  the  principal  London  and 
provincial  coiicerts ;  at  the  Crystal  Palace ; 
and  is  an  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society. 

Rosen,  Lina,  see  sw6.,B.\lfe,  Michael  W. 

Rosingrave,  Daniel,  or  Roseingrave, 
organist,  who  was  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel 
Royal,  and  a  pupil  of  Purcell,  and  Blow.  He 
was  successively  organist  of  Winchester  Cathe- 
dral, 1681;  Salisbury  Cathedral,  169-3-98; 
organist  and  vicar-choral,  St.  Patrick's  Cathe- 
dral, DubUn,  June  9,  1698-1727;  organist 
and  stipendiary  of  Christ  Church,  Dublin, 
November  11,  1698.  He  died  at  Dublin,  in 
May,  1727.  His  son,  Ralph,  became  vicar- 
choral  of  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  1719; 
organist  there,  and  of  Christ  Church,  1727, 
which  post  he  held  till  his  death  at  Dublin, 


ROSS. 

in  October,  1747.  Thomas,  another  son,  was 
born  at  Dublin,  and  was  educated  by  his 
father.  He  studied  at  Rome,  at  the  expense 
of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  St.  Patrick's 
Cathedral,  1710.  Composer  at  the  King's 
Theatre,  London,  1720.  Organist  of  St. 
George's,  Hanover  Square,  1725-37.  He  died 
insane,  at  London  [1750] .  He  published 
"  Yoluntarys  and  Fugues,  made  on  purpose 
for  the  organ  or  harpsichord,"  London  [17-30] . 
"  Twelve  solos  for  the  German  flute,  with  a 
thorough-bass  for  the  harpsichord,"  n.d. ; 
"  Eight  suites  of  lessons  for  the  harpsichord 
or  spinnet  in  most  of  the  ke3's,"  London 
[1720]  ;  Concerto  for  harpsichord  ;  Six  double 
Fugues  for  organ  or  harpsichord  [1750]  ; 
Twelve  solos  for  a  German  flute  [1730]  ;  Six 
Cantatas,  with  accompaniments. ..  .London, 
n.d.;  "Narcissus,"  opera  by  D.  Scarlatti, 
adapted  for  the  English  stage,  with  additional 
songs,  1720 ;  .\  collection  of  forty-two  suites 
of  Lessons,  by  D.  Scarlatti,  with  an  introduc- 
tion.   Also  some  anthems,  Italian  songs,  etc. 

Ross,  John,  organist  and  composer,  bom 
at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  October  12,  1763. 
He  studied  music  under  Hawdon.  In  1783 
he  became  organist  of  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Aberdeen.  He  died  at  Craigie  Park,  Aber- 
deen, July  28,  1837. 

Works. — Six  concertos,  for  pf.  and  or- 
chestra ;  Seven  sets  of  3  sonatas,  for  pf.,  op.  5, 
31,  45,  etc. ;  Three  sonatas,  for  pf.  and  flute 
or  violin,  op.  16 ;  Four  sets  of  six  waltzes,  for 
pf.,  op.  9,  etc. ;  Duets  for  pf.,  op.  26,  etc. 
Ode  to  Charity,  for  solo,  chorus,  and  organ ; 
Six  h3Tnns,  for  3  voices  and  organ  ;  Two  books 
of  6  canzonets,  for  voice  and  pf.,  op.  18,  etc. ; 
-A.  select  collection  of  ancient  and  modern 
Scottish  airs,  adapted  for  the  voice,  with 
introductory  and  concluding  symphonies  and 
accompaniments  for  the  pianoforte,  Edin- 
burgh, 1792,  3  vols.  Fifteen  songs,  written 
by  Burns  and  Rannie,  composed  with  accom- 
paniments for  the  pf.,  violin  or  German  flute, 
op.  11,  liOndon,  n.d.  Sacred  Music,  con- 
sisting of  chants,  psalms,  and  hymns,  London, 
n.d.  A  complete  Book  of  Instructions  for 
beginners  on  the  harpsichord  or  pianoforte, 
to  which  is  added  a  select  set  of  airs,  Scots 
songs,  and  lessons,  London,  1820.  Songs: 
Aberdeen  volunteers  (Ewen) ;  -\nce  I  was  as 
blythe  ;  Braes  of  Ballochmyle  ;  Come,  Cyn- 
thia ;  The  Coronach ;  Ellen  of  the  Dee ; 
Maid  of  Seaton  Yale ;  Valley  of  Clyde,  etc. 

Ross,  Roger  Rowson,  amateur  musician, 
born  at  Montrose,  -A.ugust  25,  1817.  Resident 
in  Manchester,  and  has  taken  an  active  in- 
terest in  music  by  founding  two  scholarships 
at  the  Royal  Academy  of  Music,  one  for  the 
study  of  sacred  vocal  music,  and  the  other 
for  performers  on  wind  instruments.  Com- 
poser and  adapter  of  various  hymns,  etc.,  for 
the  Church  service. 


35G 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


BOSS. 

Ross,  Robert,  musician,  born  in  1748. 
He  was  a  music-seller  in  Edinburgh,  and 
carried  on  business  at  the  back  of  the  Foun- 
tain Well,  and  afterwards  at  the  head  o-f 
Carrubbers'  Close.  He  gave  public  concerts 
in  Edinburgh,  and  retired  about  1805.  He 
died  at  Edinburgh  in  1808,  aged  60.  Com- 
piler of  "  A  Choice  Collection  of  Scots  Reels, 
or  country  dances  and  strathspejs,  with  a 
bass  for  the  violincello  or  harpsichord," 
Edinburgh,  17S0. 

Ross,  William,  piper,  was  born  in  Ross- 
shire,  about  1815,  and  died  at  Windsor,  in 
August,  1891.  In  1839  he  joined  the  42nd 
Highland  Regiment,  and  remained  in  it  till 
1854,  when  he  was  appointed  piper  to  the 
Queen.  He  issued  a  "  Collection  of  Pipe 
Music,"  1869,  and  another  edition,  "  with  an 
essay  on  the  Bagpipes  and  its  music,  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Norman  Macleod "  [1876]  ;  3rd 
edition,  1885. 

Rosse,  Jeanie,  Mrs.  H.  A.  Quixton, 
contralto  vocalist,  born  at  Notting  Hill, 
London,  July  29,  1860.  Received  her  first 
musical  training  at  ^ladame  Sainton-Dolby's 
Academy,  afterwards  studying  under  Ran- 
degger  and  W.  Shakespeare ;  also  studied 
opera  under  Tramezzani,  of  the  Naples  Con- 
servatoire, and  declamation  and  acting  under 
Edmund  Russell.  While  still  a  pupil  of 
Madame  Dolby,  she  made  her  dibiit  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  Concerts,  and  later  had  many 
engagements  in  London  and  the  chief  pro- 
vincial cities.  In  June,  1888,  she  made  her 
first  appearance  on  the  stage  at  St.  George's 
Hall,  London,  as  Nancy,  in  "Martha."  The 
next  year  she  joined  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera 
Company,  but  remained  only  a  short  time ; 
on  her  marriage  settling  in  Dublin,  where, 
1891,  she  was  appointed  a  professor  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy  of  Music.  There  she 
successfully  conducts  a  declamation  class, 
and  also  holds  ai)pointments  at  Loretto 
Abbey  and  other  institutions. 

Rossetor,  Philip,  lute-player  and  com- 
poser of  the  first  part  of  the  17th  century. 
Published  "A  Booke  of  Ayres,  set  foorth  to 
be  song  to  the  Lute,  Orpherian,  and  Base 
VioU,"  London,  1601  ;  "Lessons  for  Consort, 
made  by  sundry  excellent  authors,  and  set  to 
sixe  several  instruments,  namely  the  Treble 
lute.  Treble  vioU,  Bass  vioU,  Bandora,  Cit- 
ternc,  and  the  Flute,"  London,  1609. 

Rothwell,  Alexander,  flute  player  and 
writer,  of  latter  part  of  the  17th  century. 
Author  of  "  The  Compleat  Instructor  for  the 
Flute,  containing  verj'  plain  and  easie  direc- 
tions for  beginners,  with  variety  of  newest 
tunes . .  and  flourishes  in  every  kej\"  London, 
[1698]. 

Rousbey,  Arthur,  baritone  vocalist, 
studied  in  Italy  under  Sangiovanni,  and  in 
London  under  T.  A.  Wallworth.   First   sang 


ROWLAND. 

in  opera  in  Charles  Durand's  Company,  then 
from  1878  appeared  in  a  round  of  characters- 
in  the  Gilbert-Sullivan  operas,  in  London, 
the  provinces,  and  America.  In  1884  he  sang 
in  Nessler's  "  Piper  of  Hamelin,"  at  Covent 
Garden ;  and  subsequently  in  Italian  opera, 
in  "Rigoletto,"  etc.  He  has  also  been  heard 
in  concerts  in  various  places.  About  1888  he 
organised  an  opera  company  of  his  own, 
which  has  apijcared  in  every  important  town 
in  the  United  Kingdom,  and  has  had  several 
successful  seasons  in  London.  He  produced, 
for  the  first  time  on  any  stage,  Daniele 
Pellegrini's  opera,  "  Mercedes,"  at  Dublin, 
January  11,  1896;  and  has  given,  with  ex- 
cellent ensemble,  a  large  number  of  standard 
works. 

Rowbotham,  John  Frederick,  author 
and  composer,  born  in  Edinburgh,  April  18, 
1854.  Only  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Frederick 
Rowbotham,  Incumbent  of  St.  James's,  Edin- 
burgh. Educated  at  Edinburgh  Academy, 
and  Rossall  School.  Proceeding  to  Oxford,  he 
gained  the  Balliol  Scholarship  when  eighteen, 
and  also  took  a  first  class  in  classics,  and  the 
Taylorian  Scholarship  for  Italian.  Travelled 
on  the  continent  to  collect  materials  for  his 
History  of  Music.  Studied  music  while  at 
Oxford,  and  afterwards  at  Berlin,  at  the 
Stern  Con.servatorium  for  three  years,  with 
further  study  at  Paris,  Dresden,  and  Vienna. 
He  has  composed  a  Mass  for  double-chorus 
and  orchestra  ;  three  songs  to  words  by  Alfred 
INIusset ;  songs,  various,  etc.  Author  of  "  A 
History  of  IMusic,"  3  vols.  London,  Triibner, 
1885-7;  "How  to  write  Music  correctly." 
London,  Upcott  Gill,  1889 ;  "  Private  Life  of 
Great  Composers,"  Isbister,  1892;  "The 
Troubadours,  aiid  the  Courts  of  Love,"  Swan 
Sonnen.schein,  1895.  Contributed  the  musical 
articles  to  Chambers's  Encyclopaedia,  and 
many  papers  to  the  Nineteenth  Century, 
National  Revieio,  BlackivoocV s  Magazine,  and 
others,  and  also  to  the  musical  press.  Author 
of  poetical  works,  "The  Death  of  Roland," 
1886;  and  "The  Human  Epic,"  1890,  both 
published  by  Triibner. 

Rowden,  George  Croke,  amateur  musi- 
cian and  clergyman,  born  in  1820.  He  was 
hon.  preceritor  of  Chichester  Cathedral  from 
1859.  Died,  April  17,  1863.  Founder  of 
Chichester  Choir  Association.  Composer  of 
a  magnificat  and  nunc  dimittis,  and  other 
church  music  ;  "  Return  of  May,"  "  Sweet 
evening  hour,"  and  various  other  glees, 
songs,  etc. 

Rowland,  Alexander  Campbell,  double- 
bass  player,  violinist,  and  composer,  born  at 
Trinidad,  January  1,  1826.  His  father  was  a 
fine  clarinet  player,  and  a  band-master  who 
served  through  the  Peninsular  campaign. 
The  son,  while  an  infant,  was  brought  to 
Bath,  and,  when  about  six  years  old,  received 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


357 


EOWLEY. 

violin  lessons  from  John  Loder.  Before  he 
was  seven,  he  entered  the  orchestra  of  the 
Queen's  Theatre,  London  ;  and  also  played 
the  side-drum  at  the  Promenade  and  other 
concerts.  He  learnt  scoring  from  Waetzig, 
bandmaster  of  the  Life  Guards,  and  in  1846, 
Jbegan  the  study  of  the  double-bass  under 
Casolani,  becoming  one  of  the  most  remark- 
able performers  on  that  instrument.  Played 
cornet,  drum,  or  viola  in  Jullien's  band, 
1842-6.  Joined  the  Philharmonic  orchestra 
in  1849,  and  was  also  in  Eoyal  Italian  Opera, 
Sacred  Harmonic,  and  principal  Festival 
bands.  In  1854,  he  went  to  reside  at  South- 
hampton as  music  teacher,  but  continued  his 
work  in  the  Philharmonic  Society  until  1866, 
when  Sterndale  Bennett  resigned  the  con- 
ductorship.  At  the  Philharmonic  concert, 
April  29,  1861,  he  played  Mayseder's  Violin 
Concerto,  op.  40,  on  the  double-bass.  At 
Southampton,  he  conducted  choral  and  or- 
chestral societies,  and  did  much  valuable 
work.  When  sixty  years  old,  he  entered  the 
examination  for  A.R.C.M.,  and  passed  with 
honours  in  seven  subjects.  He  retired  from 
active  work  in  1893,  and  died  at  Southampton, 
August,  1896. 

Works. — Ps.  70,  for  voices  and  orchestra  ; 
Overture,  orchestra ;  Set  of  Waltzes,  for  pf. 
and  orchestra  ;  original  air  in  C,  double-bass 
and  pf.  Various  works  in  MS.  Blessed  be 
the  Lord ;  Moonrise ;  Morning  thoughts ; 
and  other  songs.  Course  of  Exercises  in  part- 
singing,  Stanley  Lucas.  Author  of  a  Method 
for  the  Double-Bass,  in  Two  Parts,  originally 
published  by  Lamborn  Cock. 

Rowley,  Christopher  Edward,  com- 
poser and  organist,  born  in  ^Manchester, 
January  5,  1840.  Studied  pf.  and  organ 
under  George  Grundy,  of  Manchester ;  har- 
mony and  counterpoint  with  H.  C.  Banister. 
Appointed,  when  nineteen,  organist  and 
choirmaster,  Christ  Church,  Harpurhey ; 
since  1885,  has  held  a  similar  post  at  St. 
Augustine's,  Pendlebury.  Has  formed  and 
trained  many  of  the  voluntary  choirs  in 
Manchester  and  district,  and  in  1879,  founded 
the  Musical  Union  bearing  his  name,  a  Society 
that  has  produced  many  operas,  with  stage 
accessories,  as  well  as  the  principal  oratorios 
and  cantatas.  Is  now  chiefly  engaged  as  a 
voice  trainer. 

Works.- P2Jer«s.-  The  Dragon  of  Wantley 
(1881);  Eulalie  (1887);  The  Early  English 
Ring,  now  called  Robinson's  Craze  (1890, 
produced,  Manchester,  1891) ;  Tilburina,  or. 
The  Spanish  Armada  (1894).  Cantata,  Dold- 
rum,  the  Manager  (1885).  Anthems,  Com- 
munion Service  in  P,  Twelve  Songs  (1891), 
songs,  duets,  glees,  and  part-songs.  Romance 
and  Scherzo,  wind  quintet.  Contributions 
on  musical  topics  to  the  local  press  ;  now  en- 
gaged on  an  important  v?ork  on  voice-training. 


RUSSELL. 

Rowton,  Rev.  Samuel  James,  clergy- 
man and  musician,  born  in  London,  July  3, 
1844.  Musical  training  private.  M.A.,  1874, 
University  College,  Durham ;  Mus.  Bac, 
1889;  Mus.  Doc,  1890,  Dublin;  Mus.  Doc, 
1891,  ad  eundem,  Durham.  Organist  and 
director  of  the  music  at  Royal  Medical  College, 
Epsom,  from  1872.  He  has  set  Cardinal 
Newman's  "Dream  of  Gerontius,"  for  soli, 
eight  and  twelve-part  chorus,  and  orchestra ; 
and  has  published  some  hymns,  songs,  and 
pf.  pieces. 

Rudd,HenryWiIIiam  Kingston,  pianist 
and  organist,  born  at  Norwich,  May  27, 1850. 
Began  his  studies  at  the  age  of  six,  under  his 
father,  Henry  Rudd,  a  musician  of  repute 
in  the  Eastern  Counties.  Later  he  received 
instruction  from  Charles  Halle.  When  ten 
years  old  he  was  appointed  organist  of  Int- 
wood  Church,  near  Norwich  ;  then  of  Thorpe 
Parish  Church ;  and  in  1870,  organist  and 
director  of  the  choir  of  St.  Andrew's,  Nor- 
wich, offices  he  still  holds.  As  a  pianist  he 
appeared  with  great  success  at  the  Norwich 
Festivals  of  1872,  and  1878,  playing  in  each 
portions  of  concertos  by  Benedict.  In  1882 
he  was  heard  at  the  Wednesday  Concerts  at 
the  Crystal  Palace.  He  has  conducted  the 
Norwich  Gate  House  Choir,  since  1872,  and 
given  important  concerts,  the  first  artists 
being  associated  with  him  in  classical  works. 

Rush,  George,  composer  of  last  half  of 
the  18th  century.  He  composed  music  for 
The  capricious  lovers'  [1764]  ;  and  the  Royal 
Shepherd.  Also,  Concertos  for  the  harp- 
sichord [1785]  ;  Six  easy  lessons  for  the 
harpsichord,  calculated  for  the  improvement 
of  young  practicioners,  London  [1770]  ; 
Sonatas  for  pf.  or  harpsichord  ;  Concertos 
for  pf.,  violin,  and  'cello;  Sonatas  for  the 
guitar. 

Russell,  George,  pianist,  who  was  a 
man  of  mark  and  promise  in  his  earlier 
years.  W' hen  eight  years  old  he  appeared  at 
a  concert  with  Liszt,  at  H.^I.  Theatre,  Lon- 
don, and  afterwards  appeared  at  a  concert  of 
Alfred  Mellon's,  in  the  Floral  Hall.  He  died 
at  Croydon,  November  12,  1889. 

Russell,  Henry,  vocalist  and  composer, 
born  at  Sheerness,  Kent,  December  24,  1812. 
Began  his  musical  studies  before  he  was  six, 
and  was  then  placed  under  ^I.  O.  King. 
Sang  at  the  Surrey  Theatre  in  "  The  Nightin- 
gale and  the  Ra\en,"  and  "The  Swiss 
Family,"  when  eight  years  old,  in  a  children's 
opera  company  formed  by  Elliston.  Went  to 
Italy  in  1825,  becoming  an  out-door  student 
at  the  Conservatorio,  Bologna,  and  afterwards 
studied  for  four  months  with  Rossini  at 
Naples.  Was  Maestro  de  piano  in  opera  at 
Varesi,  with  Balfe  in  the  company.  Re- 
turning to  England,  he  was  for  a  time  chorus 
master  at  Her  Majesty's  Theatre.     In  1833 


358 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGIiAPHY 


RUSSELL. 

went  to  Canada,  and  also  toured  through  the 
United  States.  While  there  he  composed 
his  first  song,  Mackay's  "  Wind  of  tlie  Winter 
Night."  On  his  return  to  England  in  1841 
he  first  went  on  a  tour  with  Beale  for  six 
months,  and  March  8,  1842,  commenced  his 
own  vocal  entertainment  at  the  Hanover 
Square  Eooms.  The  Gambler's  Wife,  The 
Ship  on  Fire,  The  Maniac,  and  other  of  his 
songs  soon  became  as  familiar  as  household 
words.  Then  followed  provincial  tours,  the 
success  of  which  was  unprecedented.  Later, 
with  Dr.  Mackay,  he  formulated  the  enter- 
tainment, "  The  Far  West ;  or,  the  Emi- 
grant's Progress  from  the  Old  World  to  the 
New,"  with  scenery  painted  by  Mills.  This 
was  also  universally  popular.  He  retired 
from  public  life  about  18G5.  His  songs 
reached  the  number  of  about  800,  and  Long- 
fellow, Dickens,  Eliza  Cook,  and  Charles 
Macka)'  were  the  principal  writers  whose 
lyrics  he  set.  A  few  may  be  named  :  Wreck 
of  the  Hesperus;  Chieftain's  Daughter; 
Canadian  Song ;  Ivy  Green  ;  Old  Sexton  ; 
Old  arm  chair;  Cheer,  boys,  cheer;  To  the 
West ;  Far,  far  upon  the  Sea ;  Song  of  the 
Raft ;  Signal  Gun  ;  Woodman,  spare  that 
tree.  To  those  may  be  added  A  Series  of 
Songs  from  Scott's  "Lady  of  the  Lake;" 
Scripture  Melodies;  Dramatic  Scenes;  Can- 
tatas, etc.,  with  a  IMemoir,  London,  184G ; 
Copyright  Songs,  2  vols.,  1860  ;  L'Amico  dei 
Cantanti ;  The  Singer's  Friend,  a  Treatise  on 
the  art  of  Singing.  His  last  composition  was 
a  Jubilee  song,  "  Our  Empress  Queen,"  for 
1887.  In  1889.  by  authority  of  the  Admiralty, 
"  A  Life  on  the  Ocean  Wave  "  was  to  be  used 
by  the  Royal  IMarines  as  their  regimental 
march.  A  "  Henry  Russell  "  night  took  place 
at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  October  1'2,  1891, 
under  the  late  Sir  Augustus  Harris's  manage- 
ment. His  songs  were  sung,  and  the  vener- 
able composer  was  called  upon  for  a  speech. 
"  Truly  a  remarkable  occasion,  and  one  not 
unworthy  of  a  remarkable  man."  In  1895 
Mr.  Russell  published  Cheer,  boys,  cheer ; 
Memories  of  Men  and  Music,  London,  Mac- 
queen. 

WiLLi.\M  Cl.\rk  Russell,  born  at  New 
York,  February  24,  1844,  whose  novels  of  the 
sea  have  obtained  great  popularitv,  is  his  son. 
"The  Wreck  of  the  Grosvenor,'^  " My  Ship- 
mate Louise,"  "  Marooned,"  and  "  Convict 
Ship  "  are  among  some  of  his  most  popular 
tales.  He  has  composed  and  published  a 
few  songs. 

Russell,  Mrs.  J.,  see  Huddart,  Fanny. 

Russell,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  London,  October  6,  1777.  Son 
of  an  organ-builder.  He  studied  under 
Shrubsole,  Arnold,  etc.  Deputv  organist  of 
St.  Mary,  Aldermanbury,  1789-93  ;  Chapel  of 
Great   Queen   Street,  Lincoln's   Inn   Fields, 


SAFFERY. 

1793-98;  St.  Ann's,  Limehouse,  1798  ;  Found- 
ling Hospital,  1801.  Pianist  at  Sadler's  Wells 
Theatre,  1800,  and  he  held  a  similar  post  at 
Covent  Garden,  1801.  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon., 
1808.  He  died  at  London,  November  21, 
1813. 

Works. — Oratorios :  Job,  with  organ  ac- 
companiments, by  S.  Wesley  (182G) ;  The 
Deliverance  of  Israel ;  The  Redemption.  Mass 
in  C  minor,  for  four  voices.  Operas :  Adrian 
and  Orilla,  180G  ;  False  Friend,  1809  ;  Harle- 
quin and  Time ;  Highland  Camp ;  Loa ; 
Rugantino ;  St.  George ;  Wild  Islanders, 
1807;  Wizard's  Wake,  1801.  Odes:  To 
music  ;  Genius  of  Handel ;  St.  Cecilia's  Day 
(Smart)  ;  To  Harmony.  Glees  and  Songs. 
Psalms,  Hymns,  and  Anthems  for  the  Found- 
ling Chapel,  London,  1809.  Six  Anthems, 
adapted  from  the  works  of  Haydn,  etc.,. .. . 
and  a  morning  and  evening  service  composed 
by  the  late  William  Russell,. ..  .arranged  by 
William  Patten.  Services  and  anthems. 
INIarch,  composed  for  the  Guildford  Volun- 
teers [1795]  ;  Twelve  voluntaries  for  the 
organ  or  pf.  [1810.]  He  arranged  Bingley's 
Welsh  Airs,  1810,  etc. 

Rutherford,  David,  musician  of  the  18th 
century.  Author  of  "Art  of  Playing  on  the 
Violin,  showing  how  to  stop  every  note 
exactly . . "  London,  n.d. ;  "Gentleman's  Pocket 
Guide  for  the  German  Flute,  with  some 
agreeable  Lessons . . "  "  Ladies'  Pocket  Guide 
for  the  Guitar.."  "  Compleat  collection  of 
112  of  the  most  celebrated  minuets  with  their 
basses,  .proper  for  German  flute,  violin,  or 
harpsichord."  London  [1775-80],  2  vols. 
Compleat  collection  of  200  country  dances."' 
London,  17G5,  2  vols. 

Ryan,  Michael  Desmond,  dramatic 
and  musical  writer,  born  at  Kilkenny,  March 
3,  181G.  Educated  at  Edinburgh  University. 
Engaged  as  musical  and  dramatic  critic  on 
staff  of  The  Morning  Post,  Morning  Herald, 
and  Standard.  Sub-editor  of  Musical  World. 
He  died  at  London,  December  8, 1868.  Author 
of  the  libretto  of  Macfarren's  "  Charles  II.," 
and  words  for  various  musical  works  by 
Crouch,  Loder,  ]\Iori,  etc.  His  son,  Desmond 
LuMLEY  Ryan,  born  at  London  in  1851,  was 
for  a  time  musical  critic  of  the  Standard; 
editor  of  Tlie  Gem,  imtil  1885,  etc.  He  died 
at  London,  November  29,  1888.  Composed  a 
toy  symphony  for  pf.  strings  and  15  toy  in- 
struments, 1885 ;  pf.  music  and  songs. 
Librettist  of  Heap's  "Maid  of  Astolat" 
[1886],  "Fair  Rosamond,"  etc. 

Saffery,  Eliza,  IMrs.  Henry  Shelton, 
composer  of  early  part  of  the  present  century. 
Composer  of  Reminiscences  of  a  Minstrel, 
ten  songs  by  E.  Ryan  [1832]  ;  Hours  of 
melody,  songs  [1836] .  Songs  :  Broken  vow ; 
I   love   thee,   native    land  ;    Old    yew  tree; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


359 


SAHASRABADHE. 

Rover's  return  ;  Sailor's  grave.  Arrangements 
and  other  works  for  pf. 

Osmond  Saffery,  probably  a  brother  or 
other  relative  of  the  above,  issued  "  An  in- 
troduction to  Music,  with  a  variety  of  pro- 
gressive lessons,  .on  the'pf.,"  London  [1800] . 
"  A  select  collection  of  Psalms,  as  sung  at 
Ramsgate  Chapel,"  Loudon,  1836.  College 
hornpipe  for  pf. ;  Reels,  dance  music,  etc. 

Sahasrabadhe,  B.  T.,  author  of  "  Hindu 
Music  and  the  Gayan  Samaj,"  containing 
notes  on  the  recent  revival  of  Indian  music, 
Poona,  1888. 

St.  Qeorge,  C,  musician,  editor  of  "  Mona 
Melodies,  a  collection  of  ancient  and  original 
airs  of  the  Isle  of  Man,  arranged  for  the 
voice  with  a  pianoforte  accompaniment  by 
an  Amateur,  the  words  by  Mr.  J.  Barrow, 
edited  by  C.  St.  George,"  London,  1820. 

5aint=Qeorge,  Qeorge,  violinist,  com- 
poser, and  performer  on  the  viola  d'amore, 
born  at  Leipzig,  of  English  parents,  November 
6,  1841.  Studied  at  Dresden,  and  under 
Moritz  Mildner,  at  Prague.  He  finally  settled 
in  London,  and  devoted  himself  to  teaching 
and  composition.  Taking  a  great  interest  in 
antique  stringed  instruments,  he  has,  with 
his  son  (noticed  below),  given  concerts,  the 
two  performing  on  the  viola  d'amore  and 
viola  da  gamba,  not  only  ancient  music,  but 
modern  works  as  showing  the  true  capacity 
of  those  instruments.  At  a  concert  given  in 
Steinway  Hall,  London,  November  li,  1895, 
Bach's  Concerto  for  two  violas,  with  strings 
and  pf.  (No.  6,  of  the  Brandenburg  Concerti 
Grossi),  was  performed  for  the  first  time  in 
England.  Mr.  Saint-George  is  an  enthusiastic 
violin  maker,  and  devotes  his  leisure  to  that 
art  with  great  success.  In  1896  he  finished  a 
Viola  da  Gamba,  with  dolphin  head  and 
inlaid  finger  board  and  tail-piece,  probably 
the  first  made  in  this  century.  His  com- 
positions include  an  overture,  "  Spring's 
Awakening  " ;  Suite  in  D,  op.  20  ;  Suite  in 
B  flat,  "Rose,  Shamrock  and  Thistle,"  in 
which  British  National  dance  forms  are 
employed  ;  and  other  works  for  orchestra. 
A  large  number  of  pieces  for  violin  ;  Roman- 
esca,  dedicated  to  Joachim;  L'Ancien  Regime, 
petite  suite;  Elegy;  Pieces,  op.  24,  25,  26, 
etc.     Also  songs. 

Henky  S.\int-Geokge,  son  of  the  pre- 
ceding, was  born  in  London,  September  26, 
1866.  He  was  chiefly  educated  in  music  by 
his  father,  and  is  a  violi)iist  and  performer 
on  the  viola  da  gamba,  showing  equal  skill 
on  both  instruments.  He  has  composed  an 
opera,  a  pf.  concerto,  sonatas  for  violin  and 
pf.,  songs,  etc.,  but  nearly  all  are  as  yet  in 
MS.  An  artist  of  culture  he  has  contributed 
many  articles  to  The  Strad,  and  other 
journals. 

Saint=John,  Florence,  the  stage  name 


SALAMAN. 

of  Miss  Maggie  Greig,  vocalist  and  actress, 
born  at  Kirkcaldy.  Taught  by  her  father, 
she  began  by  singing  suitable  songs  at  dio- 
ramic  entertainments.  Appeared  as  a  vocalist 
and  pianist  at  a  concert  at  Plymouth.  Toured 
with  the  "  Cloches  de  Corneville  "  company, 
1878 ;  made  her  first  London  appearance  in 
"Madame  Favart,"  Strand  Theatre,  1879; 
sang  in  a  round  of  Oft'eubach,  and  other 
operas.  Has  visited  America  several  times. 
Joined  the  Gaiety,  1888,  in  "  Faust  up  to 
date."  Has  also  sung  in  concerts.  Her  latest 
character  is  that  of  Paolo  in  "  The  Little 
Genius." 

Sainton  =  Dolby,  Charlotte  Helen, 
born  Dolby,  composer  and  contralto  vocalist, 
born  at  London,  ]\Iay  17,  1821.  She  studied 
at  the  R.A.M.  from  1832  under  J.  Bennett, 
Elliott,  and  Crivelli,  and  gained  the  King's 
Scholarship  in  1837.  Member  of  R.A.M. 
She  first  appeared  as  a  public  singer  about 

1840,  and  sang  at  a  Philharmonic  Concert  in 

1841.  She  also  sang  in  oratorio  and  ballad 
music  till  1846,  when  she  appeared  at  a 
Gewandhaus  concert  in  Leipzig,  in  Mendel- 
ssohn's "Elijah,"  the  contralto  part  of  which 
was  specially  written  for  her  voice.  She 
afterwards  made  concert  tours  iii  France  and 
Holland.  In  1860  she  married  M.  Prosper 
Sainton.  From  thence  onwards  to  1870, 
when  she  retired,  she  appeared  at  all  the 
most  important  concerts  in  Britain,  and 
became  one  of  the  most  popular  and  successful 
contraltos  of  her  period.  She  established  in 
London  a  Vocal  Academy,  1872,  in  which 
many  promising  vocalists  have  been  trained. 
Her  last  public  appearance  as  a  vocalist  was 
made  at  her  husband's  farewell  concert,  in 
June,  1883.  She  died  at  London,  February 
18,  1885. 

Works. — Cantatas:  Legendof  St.  Dorothea, 
London,  1876;  Story  of  the  Faithful  Soul, 
1879  ;  Florimel,  female  voices,  1885.  Songs  : 
A  stream  of  golden  sunshine ;  A-sailing  we 
will  go;  Bonnie  Dundee;  Coming  home; 
Charlie  yet ;  Come  forth,  my  love  ;  Drummer's 
song;  The  G.L.O.V.E. ;  Heigho !  Janet;  In 
August ;  Is  it  for  ever  ?  ;  I  love  her  ;  Lady's 
yes ;  My  Donald  ;  Marjorie's  almanack  :  My 
love  he  stands  upon  the  quay  ;  Never  again  ; 
Watching  and  waiting;  While  I  listen  to  thy 
voice.  Tutor  for  English  Singers,  a  complete 
course  of  practical  instructions  in  singing, 
London,  n.d.   • 

Saintwix,  Thomas,  musician  of  the  15th 
century,  who  was  one  of  the  earliest  doctors 
of  music.  In  1463  he  was  made  Master  of 
King's  Hall,  Cambridge,  by  Edward  IV.  He 
had  been  previously  made  Mus.  Doc,  Cam- 
bridge, and  he  also  held  the  appointment  of 
chaplain  to  the  king.     Saintwix  died  in  1467. 

Saiaman,  Charles  Kensington,  pianist, 
composer,  lecturer,  and  writer,  born  in  London, 


360 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SALAMAN. 

March  3,  1814.     Showed  musical  talent  verj- 
early,   and   began   to  learn  the  violin  when 
seven,  but  after  a  year  left  it  for  the  pianoforte. 
His  first  lessons  were  from  his  mother,  an 
excellent  amateur  pianist,  and  by  her  he  was 
placed  under  S.  P.  Kimhault.     In  1824  he  was 
elected  a  student  of  the  R.A.]\I.,  but  returning 
to  school  he  lost  the  chances  thereljv  afforded. 
Studied  under  Charles  Neate,  1826-31.     Made 
his  first  appearance  in  public  at  G.  Lanza's 
concert,  Blackheath,  in  the  summer  of  1828, 
when  his  song  "  Oh,  come,  dear  Louisa,"  his 
first  published  work,  was  sung.     The  same 
year  he  went  to  Paris,  had  lessons  from  Henri 
Herz,  and  played  his  Rondeau  brilliant  in  D, 
with  orchestra,  for  the  first  time  in  London, 
March  10,  18.30.     Produced  an  Ode  at  Strat- 
ford-ou-Avon,   April  23,  1830,  at  the  Jubilee 
Festival  in  memory  of  Shakespeare.     In  1831 
began  his  professional  career  as  teacher ;  gave 
annual  orchestral  concerts  at   the  Hanover 
Square   Rooms,    1833-7,    introdticing,    among 
other  artists,  Madame  Grisi,  1834,  to  concert 
audiences.       Instituted,    with    H.    Blagrove, 
C.  Lucas,  and  others,  the  Concerti  da  Camera, 
the   first    taking    place    November   7,    1835. 
Elected  a  member  of   the  Royal  Society  of 
Musicians,  and  an  Associate  of  the  Philhar- 
monic Society,  1837,  withdrawing  from  the 
latter  in  185.5.     Visited  the  continent  in  1836, 
playing  at  IMunich,  Vienna,  and  other  places, 
and  becoming   acquainted   with    Schumann, 
Czerny,  Mozart's   son,    Thalberg,    and   other 
artists.     Resided  in  Rome,  184G-8,  and  in  1847 
was  made  an  Hon.  ]\Iember  of  the  Academy 
of  St.  Cecilia,  and  of  the  Philharmonic  Society 
of    Rome.       Founded    an    Amateur    Choral 
Society  in  London,  1849 ;   played  at  the  Phil- 
harmonic Concert,  IMarch  18, 1850,  Beethoven's 
Concerto  in  C  minor.     Commenced  a  series  of 
lectures  on  miasical  subjects  in   1855,  which 
were  continued  for  some  years  in  London  and 
the  country.     In  1858  he  helped  to  establish 
the  Musical  Society  of  London,  and  was  Hon. 
Secretary   until   1865.      Assumed   the  name 
Kensington  on  the  death  of  his  father  in  1867. 
(His  father  was  born  at  Kensington  in  1789). 
Was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Musical  Asso- 
ciation in  1874,  and  acted  as  Hon.  Sec.  till 
1877,  when  he  retired,  and  was  elected  a  vice- 
president.     All  this  time  he  was  busy  as  a 
teacher    and    composer,    producing   a    large 
number  of  works  (summarised  below),  besides 
contributing  papers  to  various  musical  jour- 
nals, Co7icordia,  The  Musical  Times,  etc.     He 
was  musical  critic  to  the  Circle  while  it  lasted. 
He  played  the  accompaniments  to  his  songs 
at  Miss  C.  Penna's  concert,  June  10,  1886  ; 
and  his  last  compositions,  two  songs,  "  The 
resigned  lover,"  and  "  Concealed  love,"  were 
issued  on  the  completion  of  his  82nd  year, 
March  3,  1896. 

Works. — Jubilee  Ode  to  Shakespeare,  1830. 


SALE. 

Psalm  84  ;  Psalm  29,  for  double  choir  ;  Have 
mercy  upon  me ;  Preserve  me,  O  God  ;  and 
other  anthems.  A  voiceless  sigh ;  Fair  is  the 
swan  ;  April,  part-songs.  Nearly  100  Hebrew 
choral  works  for  the  service  of  the  synagogue. 
Songs :  I  arise  from  dreams  of  thee,  1836 ; 
A  leave-taking  ;  Al  salir  (Spanish) ;  Are  other 
eyes  ;  A  toi,  toujours  a  toi  (Hugo) ;  Du  Susses 
miidchen  ;  Farewell !  if  ever  fondest  prayer  ; 
INIy  sweetheart ;  No,  I  never  was  in  love ; 
IMurmured  music ;  My  star ;  St.  Patrick's 
Parliament ;  The  voice  of  my  love  (INIarch  3, 
1893) ;  Can'st  thou  be  true  ?  and  many  others, 
including  settings  of  odes,-  etc.,  by  Horace, 
Catullus,  and  Anacreon.  Orchestral :  Over- 
ture in  D;  Fantasia  in  G  minor;  Grand 
Funeral  March,  in  honour  of  Victor  Hugo, 
1885.  Parade  March,  for  military  band. 
Rondo  al  capriccio,  pf.  and  orchestra.  Twelve 
voluntaries  for  organ  or  harmonium ;  Six 
original  pieces  in  Morley's  voluntaries.  Piano- 
forte :  Atalanta ;  Birthday  valse ;  La  vivacita, 
op.  13;  La  Notta  serena,  op.  17  ;  II  Mulino, 
op.  18 ;  Syrian  march ;  Toccata,  op.  44 ; 
Zephyrus,  op.  54  ;  Tranquility,  op.  62;  Spring, 
duet,  etc.  Lecture's :  History  of  the  Piano- 
forte, and  the  ancient  keyed  instruments, 
1855-6  ;  Handel ;  Beethoven  ;  Weber  ;  Music 
in  connection  with  the  dance ;  History  of 
Italian,  German,  and  English  opera.  Papers 
in  Proceedings  of  Musical  Association,  1875- 
1877-80.  Author  of  Jews  as  they  are,  London, 
Simpkin,  Marshall,  1882. 

His  son,  Malcolm  Charles,  lyric  poet  and 
dramatist,  was  born  in  London,  September  6, 
1855.  He  is  author  of  Ivan's  love-quest,  and 
other  poems,  London,  1879 ;  and  the  verses 
of  many  of  his  father's  best  songs ;  also  of 
words  for  compositions  by  Sir  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren,  G.  A.  Osborne,  etc.  As  a  dramatic 
author  and  librettist  he  has  produced  Deceiv- 
ers ever,  a  farcical  comedy.  Strand  Theatre, 
November  26,  1883;  Boycotted,  one  act 
comedietta,  with  music  by  Eugene  Barnett ; 
Dimity's  dilemma,  farce,  Gaiety  Theatre ; 
Both  sides  of  the  question,  comedietta ;  A 
modern  Eve,  three-act  drama,  Haymarket 
Theatre.  Known  as  a  critic  of  the  drama  and 
of  painting  ;  Editor  of  the  published  plays  of 
A.  W.  Pinero  ;  and  author  of  the  popular 
book,  Woman — through  a  man's  eyeglass. 

Sale,  John,  bass  vocalist  and  composer, 
born  at  London  in  1758.  Son  of  John  Sale 
(born  at  Gainsborough,  1734;  died  at  Windsor 
in  1802),  who  was  a  lay-clerk  of  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor.  He  was  a  chorister  of  St. 
George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  and  at  Eton  Col- 
lege from  1767  to  1775,  under  W.  Webb,  and 
lay-vicar  from  1777  to  1796.  In  1788  he 
became  a  gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal, 
London ;  vicar-choral,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral, 
1794 ;  Lay-vicar,  Westminster  Abbey,  1796 ; 
and  almoner  and  master  of  choristers  of  St. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


361 


SALE. 

Paul's  Cathedral,  1800-12.  He  became  secre- 
tary of  the  Catch  Club  in  1812,  and  acted  as 
conductor  of  the  Glee  Club,  and  bass  at  the 
■Concert  of  Ancient  Music,  the  Ladies'  con- 
certs, and  at  London  and  provincial  musical 
festivals.  He  died  at  London,  November  11 . 
1827,  and  is  buried  in  the  crypt  of  St.  Paul's. 

Works. — A  Collection  of  New  Glees,  com- 
posed by  John  Sale . .  London  [1800] .  Also 
some  others  issued  in  a  collection,  with  others 
•composed  by  Lord  Mornington,  Callcotb,  etc. 

Sale,  John  Bernard,  composer  and  bass 
vocalist,  brother  of  the  above,  born  at  Windsor 
in  1779.  He  was  a  chorister  in  St.  George's 
■Chapel,  Windsor,  and  in  Eton  College,  1785. 
Lay-vicar,  Westminster  Abbey,  1800.  Gen- 
tleman of  Chapel  Royal,  1803.  Organist  of 
St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  1809.  Musical 
instructor  to  Queen  Victoria.  Organist  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  1838.  He  died  at  London, 
September  16,  1856. 

Works. — Psalms  and  Hvmns  for  the  Service 
of  the  Church,  London,"  1837.  S.  Webbe's 
Solfegios  as  Exercising  Duetts,  newly  arranged 
by  J.  B.  Sale,  London,  n.d.  Glees:  0  listen 
to  the  voice  of  love ;  You  ask  the  reason  why 
I  love ;  The  Butterfly ;  Little  Piggy,  and 
other  duets.  5o7ig's  ;  The  Robin,  etc.  Marches 
for  pf . 

His  daughters,  Mary  Anne,  and  Sophia 
(died  May  3,  1869),  were  also  musicians. 
Another  daughter,  Laura,  married  W.  J. 
Thorns,  the  author.  His  brother,  George 
Charles,  born  at  Windsor  in  1796,  was  a 
■chorister  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1803.  Or- 
ganist, St.  Marv's,  Newington,  in  succession 
to  Dr.  T.  Busby,  1817 ;  and  St.  George's,  Han- 
over Square,  1826.  He  died  at  London, 
January  23,  1869. 

Salmon,  Eliza,  bom  Munday,  soprano 
vocalist,  was  born  at  Oxford  about  1787.  She 
■studied  under  John  Ashley,  and  made  her 
debut  at  the  Lenten  Oratorio  Concerts,  Covent 
Garden,  London,  in  1803.  In  1805  she  mar- 
ried James  Salmon,  a  singer,  and  sang  at  the 
principal  London  and  provincial  concerts  till 
1824,  when  her  voice  was  lost,  through  a  break 
•down  of  her  nervous  system,  caused  by  in- 
temperance ;  she  married  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hinde, 
after  Salmon's  death.  On  the  death  of  her 
second  husband  she  became  destitute,  and 
after  various  ineffectual  attempts  to  regain  a 
position  she  died  at  Chelsea,  June  5,  1849. 
Her  husband,  James  Salmon,  was  organist  of 
St.  Peter's,  Liverpool,  1805.  He  was  latterly 
in  very  embarrassed  circumstances,  and  went 
to  the  West  Indies  as  a  soldier,  where  he  died. 
His  brother  William  (born,  1789 ;  died, 
Windsor,  January  26,  1858),  was  a  singer  and 
teacher. 

Salmon,  Rev.  Thomas,  clergyman  and 
author,  was  born  in  1648.  He  was  educated 
at  Oxford  University,  of  which  he  was  M.A., 


SAMPSON. 

and  became  Rector  of  ]Mepsall,  Bedfordshire. 
He  died  in  1677.  He  wrote  "  An  Essay  to  the 
Advancement  of  ^lusick  by  casting  away  the 
perplexity  of  different  clefis,  and  uniting 
all  sorts  of  Musick,  lute,  viol,  violins,  organ, 
harpsichord,  voice,  etc.  in  one  universal 
character."  London,  1672.  "Vindication  of 
an  Essaj'  to  the  advancement  of  Musick,  from 
Mr.  Matthew  Lock's  Observations. . "  London, 
1673.  "Proposal  to  perform  Music  in  perfect 
and  mathematical  proportions"  London, 
1688.  "  Theory  of  Music  reduced  to  arith- 
metical and  geometrical  proportions "  (In 
Philosophical  Transactions,  1705). 

Salmond,  Norman,  bass  vocalist,  born 
at  Bradford,  Yorkshire,  August  27,  1858. 
Studied  locally,  and  first  came  into  notice 
about  1886.  He  sung  in  the  "  ^Messiah  "  at 
Leeds  Philharmonic  Concert,  December  19, 
1888 ;  and  made  a  still  more  important 
appearance  at  the  Saturday  Popular  Concerts, 
London,  January  18,  1890,  his  success  being 
immediate.  He  was  engaged  for  the  part  of 
Richard  Coeur  de  Lion  in  Sullivan's 
"Ivanhoe,"  February,  1891;  made  his  festival 
debut  in  "Elijah,"  at  Leeds,  1892,  and  has 
been  heard  at  Norwich  and  Handel  Festivals. 
Sang  at  the  Philharmonic  Concerts,  March 
23,  1893  ;  Crystal  Palace,  December  15,  1894; 
and  in  the  chief  provincial  centres.  Toured 
in  South  Africa,  1895,  and  in  America,  1896  ; 
and  is  now  established  as  an  artist  of  rank. 
He  married  an  American  lady,  who  in  concerts 
in  London  and  the  provinces  has  gained  a 
reputation  as  pianist. 

Salter,  Humphrey,  composer  and  instru- 
mentalist of  the  last  half  of  the  17th  century. 
Wrote  "  The  Genteel  companion,  being  exact 
directions  for  the  Recorder,  with  a  collection 
of  the  best  and  newest  tunes  and  grounds 
extant."     London,  1683. 

Sampson,  Brook,  organist,  born  in  Leeds, 
January  5,  1848.  Choristor,  as  a  boy,  at  St. 
Saviour's  Episcopal  Church,  Bridge  of  Allan. 
Pupil  of  Dr.  Spark.  F.R.C.O.  1870;  Mus. 
Bac.  Oxford,  1875.  After  a  short  residence  at 
Bradford,  he  was  appointed,  in  1868,  organist 
and  chorister  of  Kettering  Parish  Church  ; 
removing  to  Northampton,  he  held  similar 
offices  at  St.  Catherine's,  St.  Edmund's,  and 
since  1891,  All  Saints'  Church.  Conductor  of 
Church  Choir  Festivals,  and  of  Northampton 
Choral  Society.  Has  composed  church  music, 
and  is  author  of  a  Harmony  Primer,  and 
"  Notes,  Staves,  Clefs,"  a  method  of  learning 
the  rudiments  of  IMusic. 

Sampson,  George,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Clifton,  1861.  Organist  at  St. 
James's,  Bristol,  1879;  F.R.C.O.,  1882.  In 
1884,  he  was  appointed  organist  and  director 
of  the  music  at  St.  Alban's,  Holborn,  London; 
and  in  1888,  music  master  and  precentor, 
Brighton   College,  which   offices   he   retains. 


362 


BIUTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SAMUELL. 

He  has  composed  a  setting  of  Communion 
Service  in  D  for  men's  voices;  an  Evening 
Service  in  D  ;  O  Salutaris  in  E  flat ;  Ave 
Verum  in  D  fiat,  for  baritone  solo,  and  men's 
chorus.  Part-songs ;  School  songs  for  Brigh- 
ton College.  Author  of  A  Text  Book  of  the 
Elements  of  Music  ;  and  a  Text  Book  of  the 
Pianoforte,  for  use  in  Schools,  London,  Swan 
and  Co. 

Samuell,  Clara,  see  sub.  Rose,  H.  R. 

Sanders,  Alma,  composer  and  pianist  of 
present  time.  Studied  at  Trinity  College, 
London  ;  sometime  professor  of  pf.  there. 
She  appeared  as  pianist  at  concerts,  London, 
1880,  etc.  Gained  the  Sir  IMichael  Costa 
Prize,  Trinity  College,  1880,  for  Trio,  pf.  and 
strings  ;  and  1883,  for  Quartet,  pf.  and  strings. 
She  has  also  written  a  Sonata  for  pf.  and 
violin  ;  four  pieces,  violin  and  pf.  ;  pieces  for 
pf.  solo,  etc. 

Sanders,  James,  conductor  and  teacher, 
was  a  clarinet  player  at  Portsmouth.  About 
1844,  he  went  to  Liverpool,  where  he  was  a 
double-bass  player,  music  teacher,  and  some- 
time organist  at  St.  IMary's,  and  St.  Francis 
Xavier's  churches.  Trained  the  chorus  at 
the  Theatre  Royal ;  was  conductor  of  the 
Liverpool  Miisical  Society  ; '  chorusmaster, 
Liverpool  Festival,  1874  ;  and  filled  a  like 
office  to  the  Liverpool  Philharmonic  Society, 
1870-80.  He  died  at  Liverpool,  October  20. 
1891,  aged  75.  Ellen  Sanders,  his  wife, 
was  associated  with  him  in  the  direction  of  a 
private  choir,  which  did  excellent  work  ;  and 
was  a  teaclicr  of  repute.  She  died  at  Liver- 
pool, May  10,  1891,  at  the  age  of  65. 

Sanders,  George  Frederick,  see  Pinto, 
George  Frederick. 

Sanderson,  Edgar,  composer  and  teacher, 
published  "Harinonia  Sacra,  for  private  and 
congregational  use,"  London,  1838-39,  two 
series ;  and  wrote  jJart-songs  and  other  vocal 
music. 

Sanderson,  James,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Workington,  Cumberland,  in 
1769.  Self-taught  in  music  and  on  the  violin. 
Violinist  in  Sunderland  Theatre.  Teacher  in 
South  Shields,  1784-87.  Leader  of  theatre 
orchestra,  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  1787.  Violinist 
in  the  orchestra  of  Astley's  Amphitheatre, 
1788.  Music-director  at  the  Surrey  Theatre. 
He  was  a  violinist  in  the  Philliarmonic 
Orchestra,  and  composer  for  Vanxhall  Gar 
dens.     He  died  at  London,  in  1841. 

Works. — Music  to  Operas,  Pantomimes,  and 
Dramas :  Algerine  corsair,  1800 :  Almoran 
and  Hamet,  1800 ;  Blackbeard,  1797  ;  Brave 
Cossack;  C?ora,  1799;  Don  Giovanni,  1820; 
Fair  Slave  ;  Friar  Bacon  ;  Harlequin  Mariner, 
179G  ;  Harper's  Son  ;  Jew  and  the  Gentile  ; 
John  Bull  and  Buonaparte ;  Iron  Tower, 
1801;  Laugh,  and  lay  down,  1803;  London 
Apprentice,    1804 ;     Louisa    of     Lombardy, 


SANT. 

1805  ;  Magic  Pipe  ;  The  Mine  ;  Niobe,  1798  ; 
Seasons,  1799 ;  Sir  Francis  Drake,  1800 ; 
Successful  Cruise,  1815 ;  Talisman,  1810 ; 
Vicar  of  Wakefield,  1812  ;  and  many  others. 
Collins'  Ode  on  the  Passions,  1789.  Three 
duetts  for  2  violins,  op.  6;  Six  original 
German  waltzes  for  pf. ;  Airs  arranged  for 
violin  ;  Broadside  hornpipe,  for  pf.  ;  many 
songs,  among  which  "  Bound  'Prentice  to  a 
Waterman,"  is  best  known.  It  first  appeared 
in  "  Sir  Francis  Drake,"  1800.  He  wrote 
music  to  burlettas,  pantomimes,  and  plays, 
to  the  number  of  over  150. 

Sandys,  William,  writer,  was  born  in 
1792.  He  was  a  member  of  the  legal  pro- 
fession in  London  ;  an  P.S.A.,  etc.  He  died 
at  London,  February  IS,  1874. 

Works. — Christmas  Carols,  ancient  and 
modern,  including  the  most  popular  in  the 
West  of  England,  and  the  airs  to  which  they 
are  sung,  also  specimens  of  French  Provincial 
Carols,  with  an  introduction  and  notes,  Lon- 
don, 1833.  Christmas-tide,  its  history,  fes- 
tivities, and  carols,  with  their  music,  London, 
1852  (various  editions)  ;  History  of  the  Violin 
and  otlier  instruments  played  on  with  the 
bow,  from  the  remotest  timo^  to  the  present. 
Also  an  account  of  the  principal  makers,. 
English  and  foreign."  London,  1864. 

Sangster,  Walter  Hay,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  London,  September  17, 
1S35.  Educated  at  City  of  London  School. 
Chorister,  Temple  Church.  Studied  under 
E.  J.  Hopkins  and  W.  R  a ;  also  at  Berlin, 
1855.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1870;  Mus. 
Doc,  1877,  Oxford.  F.C.O.  Organist  of 
Christ  Church,  Ealing  ;  English  Ambassador's 
Chapel,  Berlin,  1855;  St.  Michael's,  Chester 
Square,  Loudon ;  All  Saints',  St.  John's 
Wood;  St. James's, Wevbridge;  St. Michael's, 
Paddington,  1872  ;  St.  Saviour's,  Eastbourne. 
Conductor  of  Eastbourne  Musical  Society, 
which  has  done  excellent  work.  Composer 
of  Cantatas:  Tlie  Lord  is  my  Light;  The 
Knight  of  EUi ;  Elysium,  produced,  East- 
bourne, May  31,  1892;  Dramatic  cant-ita, 
The  Scottish  Chief,  the  same.  May  11,  1897. 
Anthems,  part-songs,  etc.  Overture,  prelude 
and  fugue,  and  other  organ  music  ;  pf. 
pieces,  etc. 

Sant  Angelo,  Pauline,  pianist,  born  in 
IManchester,  of  Italian  descent.  Played  in 
public  when  ten  years  of  age,  and  at  thirteen 
was  appointed  by  Sir  Charles  Halle  pianist 
to  the  Beethoven  Society,  Manchester.  She 
made  her  debict  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  June 
1,  1892,  playing  Weber's  Concertstiick,  and 
some  solo  pieces.  This  was  at  a  Wednesday 
Concert,  the  pianist  being  about  fourteen 
years  of  age.  In  1893  she  was  heard  at  Edgar 
Haddock's  concerts  in  London  and  Leeds  ; 
and  gave  her  first  recital  at  St.  James's  Hall, 
May  21,  1895.     Since  then  she  has  played  at- 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


363 


SANTLEY. 

important  concerts  in  Birmingham,  and  many 
other  places. 

Santley,  Charles,  baritone  vocalist,  and 
composer,  son  of  William  Santley  (teacher 
of  pianoforte  and  singing  at  Liverpool ;  died, 
October  22,  1891),  born  at  Liverpool,  Feb- 
ruary 28,  1834.  Was  a  chorister  at  several 
churches  in  Liverpool,  and  sang  as  an  am- 
ateur. Deciding  upon  his  profession,  he 
gave  a  farewell  concert  at  Liverpool,  Septem- 
ber 15,  1855,  and  the  next  month  started  for 
Italy.  He  studied  at  Milan  under  Gaetano 
Nava,  and  returned  to  England  in  October, 

1857.  Had  further  lessons  from  Ma)iuel 
Garcia,  and  made  liis  dibut  at  St.  Martin's 
Hall,  London,  November  16,  1857,  as  Adam, 
in  Haydn's  "Creation."  His  success  was 
immense,  and  every  one  was  struck  with  his 
magnificent  voice.  He  sang  in  the  "Mi  ssiah" 
at  the  same  place,  December  16.  The  next 
year  he  sang  for  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society. 
His  first  festival  appearance  was  at  Leeds  in 

1858,  and  he  sang  there  until  1836,  with  the 
exception  of  the  festival  of  1880.  With  the 
Norwich  Festival  he  was  identified  from 
1860;  and  he  sang  in  "Elijah"  at  the  Bir- 
mingham Festivals  from  1861  to  1891,  1867 
excepted,  when  Weiss  took  the  part  of  the 
Prophet.  He  sang  at  the  festivals  of  the 
Three  Choirs,  from  1863  to  1894,  with  few 
intermissions.  In  concerts  throughout  the 
country  he  has  long  held  the  foremost 
position  as  a  baritone  singer.  He  toured  in 
America  in  1871  and  1891  ;  and  was  in 
Australia,  1889-90.  At  the  Handel  Festivals, 
Crystal  Palace,  he  has  been  frequently  heard 
from  1862  ;  and  he  took  part  in  the  Jubilee 
performance  there  of  Mendelssohn's  "Elijah," 
June  27,  1896.  His  career  in  opera  has  been 
almost  as  remarkable  as  in  oratorio.  He 
was  first  heard  on  the  English  stage  at 
Covent  Garden,  October  1,  1859,  as  Hoel,  in 
Dinorah ;  san ,'  at.  the  same  house  in  Italian 
opera,  April  15,  1862,  as  the  Count  in  "  II 
Trovatore,"  and  took  the  same  part  at  Her 
Majesty's,  May  31.  Sang  as  Ford,  at  the 
production  of  Nicolai's  "  Merry  Wives  of 
Windsor,"  then  entitled  "Falstaff,"  at  Her 
Majesty's,  May  8,  1864 ;  appeared  in  a  round 
of  characters  at  the  same  house.  Sang  in 
"  Zampa,"  at  the  Gaiety,  1870;  and  joined 
the  Carl  Rosa  Com  any  in  1875,  taking  the 
title  part  in  Mozart's  "Figaro,"  at  the 
opening  performance  at  the  Princess' Theatre, 
September  11,  and  also  toured  with  the 
Company,  remaining  with  it  for  some  years. 
Mr.  Santley  has  also  gained  some  fame  as  a 
composer.  His  principal  work  is  a  Mass  in 
A  flat,  for  soli,  chorus  and  orchestra  (he 
joined  the  Roman  Church  about  1880),  pro- 
duced at  the  Pro-Cathedral,  Kensington, 
December  25,  1892.  He  has  also  composed 
an  OSertorium,  Ave  Maria,  and  other  church 


SAVAGE. 

music ;  a  berceuse  for  orchestra,  performed 
at  Sydney,  Australia,  1890;  a  madrigal,  and 
songs,  some  of  which  have  been  published 
under  the  name  of  Ralph  Betterton.  He  is 
an  Hon.  R.A.M.,  and  in  1887  was  created  by 
Pope  Leo  XIII.,  a  Knight  Commander  of  St. 
Gregory  the  Great.  In  1859,  he  married  Miss 
Gertrude  Kemblk,  a  granddaughter  of 
Charles  Kemble.  She  made  her  first  appear- 
ance as  a  soprano  vocalist  in  the  "  Messiah," 
at  St.  Martin's  Hall,  December  16,  1857. 
After  her  marriage  she  retired  from  public 
life.  She  died,  September  1,  1882.  Edith 
Santley,  their  daughter,  a  .soprano,  made 
her  stage  debut  when  very  young  in  Cheru- 
bini's  "  Water  Carrier,"  at  the  Theatre  Royal, 
Birmingham,  May  19,  1876.  She  sang  at  the 
Philharmonic  Concerts,  May  11,  1882,  and  in 
Birmingham,  etc.  She  married,  July  14, 
1884,  the  Hon.  R.  H.  Lyttelton,  and  now 
resides  in  Warwickshire,  but  sings  occasion- 
ally at  concerts  for  charitable  purposes. 

Santley,  Kate,  actress  and  singer,  ap- 
peared at  the  Strand  Theatre,  1870,  in  "  St. 
George  and  the  Dragon."  Sang  in  London 
and  the  provinces  in  comic  opera,  from  about 
1876.  Began  a  series  of  entertainments,  with 
drawing-room  sketches,  at  Ipswich,  in  Oc- 
tober, 1890.  Was  at  Berlin,  1891,  in  "Faust 
up  to  Date,  and  has  now  for  some  years  been 
lessee  of  the  Royalty  Theatre,  London. 

5apio,  Antonio,  tenor  vocalist,  was  born 
at  London,  in  1792.  He  was  a  son  of  an 
Italian  vocalist  (born  1751,  died  London, 
June  30,  1827),  under  whom  he  studied 
singing.  For  a  time  he  held  a  commission 
in  the  army,  but  afterwards  became  a  public 
singer,  and  first  appeared  in  the  "  Messiah," 
in  1822.  He  sang  at  York,  Edinburgh,  and 
other  provincial  concerts,  and  in  1824  he 
appeared  on  the  stage.  He  died  in  London, 
November  27,  1851,  completely  destitute, 
having  occupied  a  garret  in  Queen  Street, 
Edgeware  Road,  under  conditions  of  great 
distress,  some  time  previous  to  his  death. 

Sartoris,  Mrs.,  see  Kkmble,  Adelaide. 

Saunders,  Joseph  Gordon,  pianist  and 
compriser,  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1872,  INIus. 
Doc.  1878,  Oxford.  Some  time  conductor  of 
Clapton  Philharmonic  Society,  from  1884. 
Professor  of  harmony  and  pf..  Trinity  College, 
London.  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society. 

Works. — Domine,  Dominus  noster ;  Bene- 
dic,  anima  mea,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orches- 
tra ;  anthem.  The  Lord  in  His  holy  temple  ; 
Evening  Service,  chants,  etc. ;  vocal  trio  in 
canon,  Like  the  gale  that  sighs ;  pf.  pieces, 
etc.  Author  of  a  primer.  Examples  in  Strict 
Counterpoint,  old  and  new,  Novello;  A  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Art  of  Phrasing,  Hammond. 

Savage,  William,  organist,  composer, 
and  bass  vocalist,  was  born  about  1720.     He 


364 


BlilTISH    MUSICAL    EIOGKAPHY, 


SAVILE. 

studied  under  Dr.  Pepuseh,  and  became  a 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  llii.  Al- 
moner, vicar-choral,  and  master  of  choristers, 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  1748.  He  died  at 
London,  July  27,  1789.  He  composed  chants 
and  other  church  music. 

Jank  Sa\  a(;k,  probably  a  daughter  or  other 
relative  of  the  above,  composed  Six  rondos 
for  harpsichord  or  pf.,  op.  3;  Duett  for  pf. 
or  harpsichord,  op.  G  [1790]  ;  Two  duetts  for 
voices,  op.  7  [1791]  ;  Strephou  and  Flavia, 
cantata,  op.  4 ;  Hall  the  woodman,  song, 
op.  5. 

Savile,  Jeremy  or  Jeremiah,  composer 
of  the  17th  century.  Now  known  chiefly  as 
composer  of  "The  Waits,"  a  four-part  song 
sung  at  the  meetings  of  Glee  societies. 
"  Here's  a  health  unto  his  majesty,"  "O  by 
rivers,"  and  other  songs  and  part-songs  con- 
tained in  Playford's  "  Select  musicall  .\yres," 
1653,  and  other  contemporary  collections. 

Sawyer,  Frank  Joseph,  organist,  com- 
poser and  conductor,  bora  at  Brighton,  June 
19,  1857.  Studied  at  Leipzig  Conservatorium 
under  E.  F.  Richtcr,  and  others;  pupil  of, 
and  assistant  organist  to  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge. 
F.R.C.O.;  Mus.  Bac,  1877;  Mus.  Doc,  1884, 
Oxford.  Organist  and  choirmaster,  St. 
Patrick's,  Hove,  Brighton ;  conductor  of 
Brighton  and  Hove  Choral  and  Orchestral 
Association  up  to  1896,  when  he  resigned. 
Professor  of  sight  singing,  R.C.M.  He  has 
given  many  important  concerts  ;  and  organ 
recitals  at  Bow  and  Bromley  Institue,  etc. 
Lectured  on  organ  music  ;  the  history  of  the 
dance  ;  and  other  topics,  at  the  College  of 
Organists,  Musical  Association,  London  Insti- 
tution, and  elsewhere. 

Works. — Oratorio,  Mary  the  Virgin,  1884; 
recast  as  Star  of  the  East,  and  produced 
Brighton,  December  12, 1889 ;  Sacred  cantatas, 
Jerusalem,  1880 ;  The  Soul's  Forgiveness, 
Chester  Festival,  1894;  Widow  of  Nain 
(female  voice).  Dramatic  cantata,  Orpheus. 
Methuen  prize  of  .£100,  1893;  Cantata,  The 
Pageant  (female  voice).  Two  Sclavish  Dances, 
orchestra ;  Concertstiick  in  D,  organ  and 
orchestra,  1890;  Romance,  violin  and  i)f . ; 
Technical  exerci.ses,  and  pieces  various,  pf. 
Anthems,  part  songs ;  Songs  of  a  Summer  day, 
four  vocal  duets,  etc.  Author  of  a  primer  on 
Extemporisation,  Novello. 

5carisbrick,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Prescot,  Lancashire,  March  24, 
1805;  died  at  Kendal,  February  26,  1869, 
where  he  was  organist.  Composed  anthems 
and  other  church  music.  His  wife,  hoi-n 
W^HiTXALL  (born,  1829 ;  died,  1874),  was  a 
contralto  singer. 

Scales,  Linda,  JIrs.  Duttox  Cook,  pian- 
ist, second  daughtar  of  Joseph  Scates.  Born 
at  Dublin,  November  16, 1855.  Pupil  of  Sir  R. 
P.  Stewart  and  of  R.A.M. ;  elected  Associate, 


SCOTT. 

R.A.INL  An  accomplished  pianist,  she  retired 
from  public  life  on  her  marriage  with  Mr.  E. 
Dutton  Cook,  dramatic  critic,  August  20, 
1874.  After  his  death  (September  11,  1883), 
she  resumed  her  profession  in  1884,  and  was 
appointed  a  professor  at  the  Guildhall  School, 
and  the  same  year  was  granted  an  annual 
pension  of  £150  from  the  Civil  List.  She 
gave  concerts  at  the  Princes'  Hall,  and  else- 
where. On  January  6,  1885,  she  married 
Charles  Dickens,  second  son  of  Edmund 
Yates. 

Schirmacher,  Dora,  pianist,  born  at 
Liverpool,  September  1,  1857.  Daughter  of 
a  professor  of  music  in  that  city,  who  was 
her  first  instructor.  Studied  at  Leipzig  Con- 
servatorium under  Ernst  F.  Wenzel  and 
Reinecke.  Played  at  the  Gewandhaus  Con- 
certs, February  1,  1877,  and  made  her  debut 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  March  31  following,  her 
selection  being  the  D  minor  concerto  of 
Mendelssohn.  She  appeared  at  the  Monday 
Popular  Concerts  December  3  of  the  same 
year,  and  has  played  at  concerts  in  Liver- 
pool, ^lanchestcr,  and  other  places,  and  also 
in  many  towns  in  Germany.  She  has  pub- 
lished a  sonata,  suite,  and  some  other  pieces 
for  pf. 

Scholefield,  Rev,  Clement  Cotterill, 
clergyman  and  amateur  musician,  born  at 
Edgbaston,  Birmingham,  June  22,  1839. 
Graduated  at  Cambridge.  Held  livings  of 
Parish  Church,  Hove,  Brighton,  in  1867-69 ; 
and  St.  Peter's  South  Kensington,  1869-77. 
Chaplain  of  Eton  College,  Windsor,  since 
1880.  Composer  of  "A  Wedding  Hvmn " 
[18891  ;  Hvmn  tunes,  "  Fides,"  "  Irene," 
"  St.  element,"  "  St.  Nicholas,"  etc. 

Schultz,  Madame,  see  Bishop,  Axxa. 

Scott,  Lady  John  Douglas,  born  Alicia 
Axx  Spottiswoode,  amateur  composer. 
Edest  daughter  of  John  Spottiswoode,  of 
Spottiswoode,  Berwickshire.  She  was  mar- 
ried on  March  16,  1836,  to  John  Douglas 
Scott,  third  son  of  the  fourth  Duke  of  Buc- 
cleuch,  who  died  on  January  3,  1860.  In 
1870  she  succeeded  to  the  estate  of  Spottis- 
woode, and,  under  terms  of  her  father's  will, 
resumed  her  maiden  name.  Composer  of  a 
number  of  Scots  songs,  among  which  may  be 
named  IMaxwelton  braes  are  bonny. . .  .Annie 
Laurie,  London  [1847]  ;  Douglas ;  Durisdeer 
(arranged  by  Eliz.  ^lasson) ;  Ettrick ;  Foul 
fords ;  Lammermoor ;  Mother,  oh,  sing  me 
to  rest :  Shame  on  ye,  gallants,  etc.  The 
first-named  is  by  far  the  best  known,  and  is, 
indeed,  one  of  the  most  popular  of  modern 
Scottish  melodies.  It  was  first  published 
anonymously  about  1846-47,  and  appeared 
soon  after  in  Wood's  "  Songs  of  Scotland," 
edited  by  G.  F.  Graham.  The  words  used 
are  the  more  modern  of  two  sets.  The  well- 
known  song,  "  By  yon  bouuie  banks,"  or  the 


BEITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


365 


SCOTT. 

"  Bonuie  banks  o'  Loch  Lomond,"  was  noted 
by  Lady  Scott  from  the  singing  of  a  boy  in 
the  streets  of  Edinburgh,  and  was  first  printed 
by  Paterson  and  Sons  about  1844,  with  an 
accompaniment  by  Finlay  Dun. 

Scott,  Walter,  pianist,  violinist,  and 
conductor,  born  at  Long  Sutton,  Lincoln- 
shire, October  10,  1842.  Studied  pf.  under 
Benedict,  and  violin  with  H.  Holmes.  Resi- 
dent in  Cardiff ;  hon.  local  examiner  for 
R.C.O. ;  organist  of  St.  Margaret's  Church. 
Has  played  organ  solos  at  Eisteddfodau, 
Cardiff,  and  trained  the  Cardiff  contingent 
pf  the  choirs  of  the  Gloucester  and  Worcester 
Festivals  up  to  1890,  when  those  counties 
drew  more  from  their  own  resources.  With 
this  Cardiff  choir  Mr.  Scott  has  given  some  fine 
concerts ;  he  has  also  acted  as  chorus-master 
for  the  Cardiff  Musical  Festivals.  He  has 
written  a  Communion  Service,  Te  Deum  and 
Benedictus,  songs,  violin  and  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Searelle,  Luscombe,  theatrical  manager 
and  composer.  In  1884,  he  was  conducting 
opera  in  London  and  the  provinces  ;  after- 
wards, up  to  1890,  he  was  manager  of  the 
Queen's  Theatre,  Kimberley,  and  the  Theatre 
Royal,  Johannesburg,  South  Africa.  Since 
then  he  has  again  been  in  England.  He  has 
composed  the  operas  "  Estrella "  (Walter 
Parke),  produced  at  the  Gaietv  Theatre,  Lon- 
don, May  24,  1883  ;  and  "  The  Black  Rover  " 
(his  own  libretto),  produced  at  the  Globe 
Theatre,  September  23, 1890.  Also  a  caiatata, 
"  Australia,"  produced  at  Lyttleton,  New 
Zealand,  April  16, 1891.  Author  of  a  series  of 
humorous  sketches,  "Tales  of  the  Transvaal," 
London,  Fisher  Unwin,  1896. 

Second,  Mary,  barn  Mahon,  soprano 
vocalist.  Was  born  at  Oxford,  about  1771. 
She  was  a  daughter  of  Mahon,  a  celebrated 
clarinet  player.  Debut  in  "The  Woodman," 
Covent  Garden,  London,  September  17,  1796. 
Married  to  a  Mr.  Second,  1800.  Afterwards 
retired  from  the  stage.  She  appeared  at  the 
principal  concerts  of  her  time. 

Sedding,  Edmund,  architect  and  amateur 
musician,  was  born  in  1835.  Pupil  of  the 
eminent  architect,  Mr.  Street.  He  was  some- 
time organist  at  St.  Mary  the  Virgin,  Crown 
Street,  Soho,  London.  Cantor,  St.  Ralph, 
Bristol.  Edited  and  composed  a  "  Collection 
of  English  Carols,  French  Noels,  etc."  ; 
"  Collection  of  Ancient  Christmas  Carols, 
arranged  for  4  voices."  London,  1860.  Third 
Collection  of  Nine  Ancient  and  Goodly  Carols 
for  Christmas-tide,  Novello.  "  Dives  and 
Lazarus,  a  christmas  carol  "  [1867] .  Hymns 
of  ye  Holy  Eastern  Church,  set  to  Musicke 
for  4  voices.  London,  1864.  He  was  learned 
in  all  that  appertained  to  Ecclesiastical 
Plain-Song.  His  last  j'ears  were  spent  at 
Penzance,  where  he  died  of  consumption, 
June  11,  1868,  aged  83. 


SELBY. 

His  brother,  John  D.  Sedding,  architect, 
was  also  an  organist  and  church  musician. 
He  assisted  for  years  at  the  services  at  St. 
Mary's,  both  in  the  choir  and  at  the  organ ; 
and  was  sometime  organist  at  Beddington, 
Surrey.     He  died,  April  7,  1891,  in  London. 

Sedgwick,  Alfred  B.,  musician  and 
writer,  author  of  the  following  works : 
Complete  System  of  instruction  for  the  Con- 
certina, London  [1854] ;  Complete  Method  for 
the  French  Accordeon  ;  Complete  Method  for 
the  German  Accordeon ;  also  for  German 
Concertina,  Boston  [1865] ;  Complete  Method 
for  the  Cornet,  etc.  He  published  a  large 
number  of  arrangements  of  popular  airs  for 
the  Concertina. 

Seeley,  L.  B.,  compiler  of  "  Devotional 
Harmony,  containing  Psalms  and  Hymns 
from  various  authors,  adapted  to  favourite 
tunes,  .the  whole  for  3  and  4  voices."  London,. 
1806,  2  vols.,  3rd  edition,  1830. 

Seguin,  Arthur  Edward  Shelden,  bass 
singer,  was  born  at  Loudon,  April  7,  1809. 
He  was  a  pupil  of  the  R.A.M.,  and  in  1829, 
he  sang  at  a  musical  festival  at  Exeter ;  and 
in  1831,  he  appeared  in  opera  in  London. 
Afterwards  he  sang  chiefly  in  opera,  and  at 
the  Concert  of  Ancient  Music  (first  appearance 
there,  March  28,  1832),  till  1838,  when  he 
went  to  the  United  States.  He  gave  Rooke's 
"  Amilie  "  in  New  York,  in  October,  1838, 
and  travelled  in  the  States  with  an  operatic 
company  called  after  himself.  He  died  at 
New  York,  December  9,  1852.  His  wife,  bor7i 
Ann  Childe,  was  a  soprano  vocalist,  and 
appeared  with  her  husband  in  all  his  principal 
concerts  and  operatic  productions.  She  died 
at  New  Y'ork,  in  1888.  Elizabeth  Seguin, 
his  sister  (born  London,  1815  ;  died  there, 
1870),  also  a  singer,  was  the  mother  of 
Madame  Parepa-Rosa  ;  and  William  Hexry 
Seguin  (born  1814  ;  died  December  29, 1850)^ 
was  a  well-known  bass  singer  in  Loudon. 

Selby,  Bertram  Luard,  composer  and 
organist,  born  in  Kent,  February  12,  1853. 
Was  organist  of  Salisbury  Cathedral,  1881-3  ; 
now  organist  of  St.  Barnabas,  Pimlico, 
London.     Gave  concerts  in  London,  1880,  etc. 

Works.— Ojycras  :  The  Ring  (1886) ;  and 
Adela,  produced  at  Nottingham,  February, 
1888.  ilusic  to  Helena  in  Troas,  London, 
May  17,  1886.  Weather  or  No,  musical  duo- 
logue. Savoy,  August  10, 1896.  School  cantata, 
The  Waits  of  Bremen.  Songs  and  part-songs. 
Morning  and  Evening  Service,  with  Com- 
munion office,  in  C.  Idyl  for  orchestra, 
Henschel  concerts,  March  11,  1897.  Two 
quintets,  pf.  and  strings.  Sonata  and  suite, 
violin  and  pf.  Sonata  in  D,  Sonata  on  Dies 
Irse,  and  other  pieces  for  organ.  Suite  for 
pf.,  etc. 

Selby,  Thomas  Leeson,  violinist  and 
composer,   was    born    near    Nottingham    in 


36G 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGliAPHY, 


SEMPLE. 

1827.     Studied  under  Henry  Farmer.     Con- 
ductor and  teacher  in  Nottingham.   Composer 
of  some  glees,  songs,  etc. 
5emple,    Charles    Edward    Armand, 

physician  and  writer,  who  was  educated  at 
Cambridge  and  Loudon ;  B.A.,  1867 ;  M.B., 
1872,  etc.  Holds  a  number  of  appointments, 
such  as  phyaiciau  to  Royal  Society  of 
Musicians,  and  examiner  in  vocal  and  aural 
physiology  and  elementary  acoustics  to 
Trinity  College,  London.  Author  of  "The 
Voice  musically  and  medically  considered," 
London,  1884  ;  other  editions,  1886,  etc.,  and 
a  large  number  of  professional  works,  chiefly 
on  diseases  of  children  and  pharmacy. 

Senior,  John  Edwin  Ryder,  organist, 
born  at  Batley,  Yorkshire,  March  23,  1856. 
Studied  under  Dr.  Peace,  James  Broughton, 
and  Hans  von  Biilow.  F.C.O.,  L.R.A.M. 
Organist  of  Govan  Parish  Church,  1881 ;  St. 
George's  in  the  Fields,  Glasgow,  to  present 
time.  Has  a  high  reputation  as  a  performer, 
andhasgiven  recitals  at  Exeter  Hall,  London  ; 
Bow  and  Bromley  Institute  ;  Crystal  Palace  ; 
East  End  Exhibition,  Glasgow,  1891;  St. 
George's  Hall,  Liverpool,  November,  1895, 
etc.  He  has  published  some  pieces  for  the 
organ. 

Severn,  Charles,  organist,  contrabassist 
and  violoncellist,  born  in  London,  1805.  He 
■was  a  Court  musician  at  the  Queen's  accession, 
and  played  at  her  coronation.  For  many 
years  a  member  of  the  principal  orchestras  in 
London,  and  of  the  provincial  Festivals.  He 
was  in  the  orchestra  at  Birmingham  on  the 
production  of  "  Elijah,"  1846.  He  was  also 
organist  for  forty-six  years  of  Islington  Parish 
Church.  A  fire  broke  out  at  his  residence, 
Liverpool  Road,  Islington,  April  14,  1885,  in 
which  his  wife  was  burnt  to  death.  He  was 
then  still  organist  at  the  church.  He  died  at 
the  end  of  December,  1894,  having  almost 
attained  his  ninetieth  year.  He  wrote  a  glee, 
The  Sunset,  and  a  few  other  part-songs, 
motets,  songs,  etc.,  and  edited  "  Psalm  and 
Hymn  Tunes,  Chants,  etc.,  for  the  use  of  the 
Parish  Church  of  St.  Mary,  Islington." 
London  [1853]. 

Severn,  Thomas  Henry,  composer  and 
vocalist,  elder  brother  of  above,  was  born  at 
London,  November  5,  1801.  Son  of  a  music 
master  at  Hoxton,  and  brother  of  Joseph 
Severn,  the  painter.  He  was  a  teacher  in 
London,  and  died  at  Wandsworth,  April  15, 
1881. 

WoEKS. — Te  Deum,  vocal  duets.  The  Lay, 
a  collection  of  songs  by  C.  V.  Incledon  [1845]. 
Songs  of  the  Days  of  Chivalry,  by  T.  H. 
Bayly,  1831.  Single  So7igs :  Dear  scenes  of 
my  home ;  Fill  the  goblet ;  Friendship  ;  Goe, 
happy  rose ;  Her  eyes  the  glow-worme  lend 
thee ;  Jamie  ;  Rose  of  Ellesmere,  etc.  Pf . 
music. 


SEYMOUR. 

Sewell,  John,  organist  and  composer. 
Has  been  organist  for  many  years  at  St. 
Leonard's  Church,  Bridgenorth,  Shropshire, 
where  he  is  a  music-seller.  Composer  of 
anthems.  Break  forth  into  joy ;  Blessed  are 
the  undefiled ;  This  is  the  day ;  etc.  The 
Order  of  Service,  with  choral  responses,  Lon- 
don, Skeffington,  1892. 

Another  John  Sewell  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1848;  Mus.  Doc,  1856,  Oxford.  Of  him  no 
particulars  can  be  gleaned. 

William  Sewell,  son  of  the  first-named, 
was  born  at  Bridgenorth.  Educated  at 
R.A.M.  Balfe  Scholar.  1876;  NoveUo  Scholar. 
1879,  A.R.A.M.  Organist  of  Christ  Church, 
Clapham,  1882 ;  the  Oratory,  Edgbaston,  1886 
to  present  time.  Has  given  organ  recitals, 
Bridgenorth,  1882-5,  etc.  He  has  composed 
a  ]\Iass  of  St.  Philip  Neri ;  Magnificat ;  O 
Salutaris  Hostia  ;  Tantum  Ergo,  performed 
at  the  Brompton  Oratory ;  Ave  Maria,  and 
other  church  music.  Eclogue,  orchestra ; 
Quartet  and  trio,  pf.  and  strings ;  Sonata, 
pf.  and  violoncello  ;  pieces  for  pf.,  etc. 

Sexton,  William,  composer  and  organist, 
born  in  1764.  Chorister  in  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor,  and  Eton  College,  1773. 
He  studied  under  Edward  Webb.  Organist, 
sub-precentor,  and  master  of  choristers,  St. 
George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  1801.  He  died 
about  1824.  Composer  of  anthems,  glees,  and 
songs  ;  and  edited  Handel's  Chandos  Anthem, 
1808. 

Sexton,  William,  alto  vocalist,  born  at 
Norwich.  Chorister,  Norwich  Cathedral,  and 
pupil  of  Dr.  Buck.  Sometime  member  of  the 
choirs  of  Y'ork  Minster,  and  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor.  Appointed  vicar  choral  of 
Westminster  Abbey,  1875.  Sometime  con- 
ductor of  Brixton  Choral  and  other  societies. 
The  Meister  Glee  Singers,  consisting  of  Messrs. 
Sexton,  G.  Hast,  W.  G.  Torington,  and  W. 
Norcross,  have  gained  a  high  reputation  for 
finished  part-singing.  They  have  been  heard 
at  many  concerts  in  London  and  the  provinces 
from  1890. 

Seymour,  Charles  A.,  violinist,  born  at 
Edinburgh  in  1810.  He  studied  at  the  R.A.M., 
and  in  1830  became  principal  violinist  in 
Queen  Adelaide's  private  band.  Leader  of 
Manchester  Concert-Hall  orchestra,  1838 ; 
and  leader  of  Halle's  band  from  1858.  For 
some  years  he  gave  annual  series  of  chamber 
concerts  in  Manchester.  He  died  at  Man- 
chester, Novenaber  1,  1875. 

Seymour,  Joseph,  organist,  composer 
and  writer,  born  at  Cork,  May  14,  1854. 
Studied  at  Malines  under  Lemmens,  and  at 
Ratisbon  under  Dr.  Haberl.  Succeeded  his 
father  as  organist  at  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Cork,  1878 ;  and  has  been  organist 
at  St.  Andrew's,  Westland  Row,  Dublin,  from 
1881  to  present  time.     Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGKAPHY. 


867 


SHAKESPEARE. 

Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1892.  Professor  of 
Music  in  Board  of  Education  Training 
College,  Drumcondra;  Examiner,  Royal  Irish 
Academy  of  Music,  etc.  Editor  of  Lara 
£cclesiastica,  Dublin,  1884-91 ;  correspondent 
to  sevei-al  musical  journals. 

WoBKS. — Mass  Adeste  Fideles,  1886  ;  Mass 
in  A  flat  (prize),  1888  ;  Missa  Trinitatis  ;  Te 
Deum  (prize),  1895  ;  Six  Motets  (Archbishop 
of  Dublin  prize),  1889;  other  church  composi- 
tions. An  Irish  May-Day,  children's  operetta 
on  Irish  Airs  ;  Seven  Irish  Airs,  arranged. 
Part-song,  Bells  of  Shandon  ;  Lodore  (prize), 
etc.  Editor  of  Curwen's  Latin  Series  of 
church  compositions  ;    and  other  collections. 

Shakespeare,  William,  tenor  vocalist 
and  composer,  born  at  Croydon,  June  16,  1849. 
After  singing  in  a  choir  he  became  an  organist 
at  thirteen,  and  pupil  of  Molique.  In  1866 
gained  a  King's  Scholarship,  R.A.M.  Won 
the  Mendelssohn  Scholarship,  1871,  and 
studied  at  Leipzig.  A  tenor  voice  of  promise 
developing,  he  was  sent  to  ]\Iilan  to  study 
singing  under  Lamperti.  Returning  to 
England  in  1875,  he  sang  at  the  Monday 
Popular,  Crystal  Palace,  and  other  metropoli- 
tan concerts  for  some  years,  as  also  in  the 
provinces,  and  at  the  Leeds  Festival,  1877. 
He  was  appointed  a  professor  of  singing  at  the 
R.A.M.  in  1878  ;  and  Conductor  of  the  Con- 
certs in  1880,  resigning  this  office  in  1886. 
F. R.A.M.  He  is  now  chiefly  known  as  a 
teacher,  but  sings  occasionally  at  concerts. 
His  chief  compositions  are  a  Dramatic 
Overture,  1874  ;  Pf.  Concerto,  Brighton 
Festival,  1879  ;  with  a  S\-niphony,  overtures, 
and  string  quartets  in  MS.  Also  songs,  and 
pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Sharman,  Percy  Victor,  violinist,  born 
at  Norwood,  Surrey,  in  1870.  In  his  thirteenth 
year  he  gained  a  Scholarship  at  the  R.C.]\I., 
for  three  years,  which  was  extended  for  two 
years  more,  as  he  showed  conspicuous  talent. 
He  also  obtained  the  Exhibition  of  £60  per 
annum,  for  four  years,  the  gift  of  the  Worship- 
ful Companj'  of  Skinners.  This  was  for  the 
purpose  of  enabling  him  to  continue  his 
studies  abroad.  Accordingly  he  entered  the 
Royal  High  School  of  Music,  at  Berlin,  as  a 
pupil  of  Dr.  Joachim.  Since  1887  he  has 
appeared  with  success  on  the  concert  platform, 
and  was  the  violinist  of  Mr.  Sims  Reeves' 
touring  party,  1890-1 ;  but  he  is  chiefly  devoted 
to  tuition,  and  since  1890,  has  been  professor 
of  the  violin  at  the  Charterhouse  School, 
Godalming.  Of  his  compositions  only  a 
Romance  for  Violin,  and  one  or  two  songs, 
have  been  published. 

Sharp,  Edward,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  Acton,  Middlesex,  December  27,  1831. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.  mader  Cipriani  Potter,  and 
subsequently  came  under  the  notice  of  Thal- 
berg  from  whom  he  obtained  valuable  instruc- 


SHARPE. 

tions  and  advice.  He  was  organist  at  All 
Souls,  St.  John's  Wood,  for  some  time  from 
1875,  but  has  devoted  his  time  chiefly  to  com- 
position. As  a  painter  he  has  also  acquired 
some  repute.  His  compositions  comprise  a 
Trio  for  pf .  and  strings  ;  Two  Sonatas  for  pf. 
and  'cello  ;  Sonata,  pf .  and  violin  ;  Sonata  in 
E  minor  ;  Six  Songs  without  words  ;  Rondo 
grazioso  in  G,  op.  19;  Twenty-four  Character- 
istic Pieces,  etc.,  for  pf.  ;  Various  Songs. 

Sharp,  Francis,  composer  and  pianist, 
of  last  half  of  the  18th  century.  Author  of 
"  New  Guida  di  IMusica,  being  a  complete 
book  of  instructions  for  beginners  on  the 
Pianoforte,"  op.  6,  London  [1790].  Com- 
poser of  Six  Sonatas  for  the  Harpsichord 
1 1785] :  Poor  INIary,  a  ballad. 

RiCHABD  Sharp,  probably  a  relative  of  the 
foregoing,  composed  a  number  of  arrange- 
ments for  the  pf.,  and  songs. 

IMary  and  L.  Sharp,  harp-players  who 
played  at  the  Birmingham  Festival  of  1811, 
are  probably  members  of  the  same  family. 
Mary  Sharp  issued  a  "  Collection  of  original 
melodies,  edited  by  J.  Relfe,"  London  [1827]. 
A  Thomas  Sharp,  who  lived  about  the  same 
time,  contributed  to  Henley's  "  Divine  Har- 
mony," 1798,  and  to  the  publications  of  John 
Page. 

Sharp,  Granville,  writer,  born  at  Dur- 
ham in  1734;  died  Loudon,  July  6,  1813, 
Author  of  "A  Short  Introduction  to  Vocal 
Music,  London,  1767  ;  another  edition,  1777. 
Chiefly  noted  for  his  philanthropic  efforts, 
and  his  work  on  behalf  of  freeing  negroes 
from  slavery.  His  memoirs  were  written  by 
Prince  Hoare.  His  brothers  W^illiam  and 
James,  with  whom  he  chiefly  lived,  were 
musical,  and  gave  concerts.  The  brothers 
apparently  possessed  a  large  musical  library, 
as  a  book-plate  exists,  showing  a  view  of  an 
organ  in  a  church,  with  part  of  a  choir- 
screen,  designed  by  Granville  Sharp,  and  in- 
scribed, "  5lessrs.  Sharp,  London."  The 
border  of  this  plate  is  surrounded  by  Scrip- 
ture texts. 

Sharp,  Simeon,  author  of  "  Music,  a 
Satire,"  London,  1824. 

Sharp,  Mrs.  William,  authoress,  wife 
of  William  Sharp  (born  Glasgow,  1855),  the 
poet  and  author,  wrote  "  Great  Composers," 
London,  1887,  in  the  Camelot  Classics  series  ; 
"  Sea  ]\Iusic,  an  anthology  of  poems  and  pas- 
sages descriptive  of  the  Sea,"  London,  1887  ; 
"  Women's  voices,  .poems  by  English,  Scotch, 
and  Irish  women,"  London,  1887. 

Sharpe,  Charles  Kirkpatrick,  amateur 
musician,  poet,  etc.,  born  at  Hoddom  Castle, 
Dumfriesshire,  May  15,  1781 ;  died  at  Edin- 
burgh, !March  18,  1851.  He  composed  music, 
and  contributed  to  Stenhouse's  Lyric  Poetry 
of  Scotland.  He  also  edited  and  published  the 
Earl  of  Kellie's  "  Minuets  and  Songs,"  1839. 


3G8 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SHARPE. 

Sharpe,  Ethel,  pianist,  born  in  Dublin, 
1872.  Pupil  of  the  R.I. A.M.,  playing  at  a 
concert,  June  10,  1884,  when  twelve,  with 
great  success.  Scholar  at  R.C.M.,  studying 
under  Franklin  Taylor,  distinguishing  herself 
at  the  students'  concerts.  Was  presented 
with  the  silver  medal  of  the  Musicians'  Com- 
pany, 1891,  in  which  year  she  gave  her  first 
chamber  concert,  November  12,  at  the  Princes' 
Hall.  She  played  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
March  26,  1892  ;  and  receiving  a  grant  from 
the  R.C.I\I.,  proceeded  to  the  continent  for 
travel  and  study.  Gave  a  recital  at  Vienna 
early  in  1894,  creating  an  excellent  impression. 
Resumed  her  chamber  concerts,  London,  1895, 
and  plajed  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  April  13, 
Eugene  d'  Albert's  Concerto  in  E,  op.  12.  She 
is  married  to  INIr.  Alfred  Hobday,  a  violinist. 

Sharpe,  Herbert  Francis,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Halifax,  Yorkshire,  March 
1,  1861.  Gained  a  Pianoforte  Scholarship  at 
the  opening  of  the  National  Training  School 
for  Music  at  South  Kensington,  and  succeeded 
Eugene  d'  Albert  as  Queen's  Scholar  at  the 
same  institution.  From  1882  he  played 
frequently  at  concerts  in  London,  Bradford, 
and  throughout  the  North,  as  well  as  in  other 
places,  with  much  success.  He  was  appointed 
a  professor  at  the  R.C.IM.  in  1881;  and  aii 
Examiner  under  the  Associated  Board  of 
R.A.M.  and  R.C.M.  in  1890.  His  compositions 
are  already  very  numerous,  the  principal 
being  indicated  in  the  subjoined  list. 

Works. — Comic  opera  in  three  acts  (MS.)  ; 
Three  four-part  songs,  with  orchestra,  op.  52, 
also  for  female  voices  with  pf.  Songs  of  the 
Year,  12  two-part  sougs,  op.  16 ;  12  two-part 
songs,  op.  18  ;  Songs  of  Moor  and  ^Mountain, 
12  two-part  songs,  op.  19  ;  Sougs  by  the  Sea, 
12  trios,  op.  25  ;  Sougs  and  duets,  various. 
Concert  overture,  orchestra ;  Romance  for  two 
pianos  (both  in  MS.) ;  Variations,  op.  46,  for 
two  pianos ;  Suite,  op.  62,  flute  and  pf. ; 
Suite,  op.  65,  violin  and  pf. ;  Four  duets,  op. 
29,  two  violins  and  pf. ;  Idylle,  op.  38,  flute 
and  pf.  Pf.  duet ;  Five  character  pieces,  op. 
24 ;  Three  syniphonic  pieces,  op.  59.  Pf.  solo  : 
Op.  1-10,  pieces  various ;  Five  pieces,  op.  23  ; 
Two  musical  sketches,  op.  28 ;  Suite,  op.  58  ; 
Pantomime  suite,  op.  61  ;  Six  English  fanta- 
sias, op.  71,  etc.  Pianoforte  School,  op.  60, 
Stanley  Lucas.  Arrangements  of  Grieg's 
Norwegian  songs  and  dances,  etc.,  for  pf.  duet. 

Shaw,  Mrs.  Alfred,  born  M.\ry  Postans, 
contralto  vocalist,  born  at  Lee,  Kent,  in  1814. 
She  studied  at  R.A.M. ,  and  under  Sir  George 
Smart,  and  appeared  in  1834-5  at  the  Concert 
of  Ancient  IMusic,  and  at  York  Festival.  She 
married  Alfred  Shaw,  artist,  in  1835.  Sang 
afterwards  at  all  the  principal  festivals,  and 
sang  the  contralto  part  in  Mendelssohn's 
"  St.  Paul,"  on  its  first  production  in  England. 
Sang  at  Leipzig,  1838;    in  Italy,  1839,  and 


SHAW. 

afterwards  in  England.  She  was  married  a 
second  time  to  J.  F.  Robinson.  Her  voice 
failed  owing  to  the  shock  caused  by  the 
appearance  of  insanity  in  her  first  husband, 
who  died  in  a  private  asylum,  Hoxton,  No- 
vember 23,  1847,  and  she  retired  from  public 
life  soon  after.  She  died  at  Hadleigh  Hall, 
Suffolk,  September  9,  1876. 

Shaw,  George  Bernard,  journalist, 
musical  critic,  and  dramatic  author,  born  at 
Dublin,  26  July,  1856.  Acted  as  musical 
critic  for  T]ie  Star,  and  succeeded  Louis  Engel 
on  The  ]\orld,  1891-94.  Lately  he  has  devoted 
himself  chiefly  to  dramatic  authorship. 
Well-known  as  an  active  socialist  and  leading 
member  of  the  Fabian  Society.  Author  of 
"  Widowers'  Houses  "  (Independent  Theatre), 
1892;  "Arms and  the  Man"  (Avenue  Theatre), 
1894  ;  and  other  plays.  Several  novels,  essays 
on  Socialism,  and  a  series  of  articles  on  the 
drama  in  the  Saturday  Review,  etc. 

Shaw,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Leeds  in  1842.  Studied  under  R.  S. 
Burton.  Organist  of  St.  John's  Episcopal 
Chapel,  Edinburgh  ;  St.  Paul's,  Edinburgh. 
Conductor  of  Edinburgh  Choral  Union,  1862- 
1863.  Organist,  Hampstead  Parish  Church, 
Loudon ;  Collegiate  Chapel  of  St.  John, 
Clapliam.  Gave  concerts,  St.  James'  Hall, 
1891-2.  Formed  the  ^Middlesex  Choral  Union, 
1892.  Compositions  :  "  A  Thanksgiving  Ode," 
for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  1880  ;  Eveuing 
Service,  composed  for  London  Church  Choir 
Association,  1874  ;  Services  and  anthems. 
Songs  :  Break,  break ;  Angel's  Welcome ; 
Morning  Greeting,  etc.  Part-songs.  Three 
Sketches ;  Introduction  and  Fugue ;  Two 
grand  Studies  ;  and  other  pf.  pieces.  Minuet ; 
March;  IMeditation,  etc.,  organ. 

Shaw,  Sidney,  composer,  born  at  Farn- 
worth,  Lancashire.  Began  his  musicial 
studies  with  the  violin,  and  then  placed 
himself  under  Dr.  W.  Rohner,  of  Liverpool, 
for  five  years,  for  composition.  During  that 
time  he  composed  and  produced,  at  Liverpool, 
an  operetta,  "  Love's  Trial,"  1882,  and  another 
work  of  the  same  kind.  He  went  to  Leipzig, 
and  studied  at  the  Conservatorium,  and  there 
wrote  the  oratorio,  "  Gethsemane,"  which 
was  produced  at  St.  James'  Hall,  London, 
November  26,  1886.  His  other  works  include 
a  Romance  for  violin  ;  a  Bolero,  and  other  pf. 
pieces.  Songs :  Suspense  ;  The  Angel  and 
the  Child ;  Three  songs  (Byron),  etc.  In 
1892-3,  he  was  conductor  of  the  Georgina 
Burus  "  Cinderella  "  company. 

Shaw,  Thomas,  violinist  and  composer, 
of  latter  part  of  the  ISth  and  early  part  of  the 
19th  centuries.  Composer  of  The  Stranger 
(opera),  1798 ;  The  Island  of  Marguerite 
(opera),  1789 ;  anthem  on  the  death  of 
Princess  Charlotte  [1817]  ;  Trio  for  2  violins 
and  'cello  ;  four  sets  of  Sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  9, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGKAPHY. 


369 


SHAW. 

etc.  [1795-98]  ;  Concertos  for  violin  and  pf.  ; 
Solo  for  flute,  op.  8  ;  Songs,  etc. 

Shaw,  William  Maxwell,  musician  and 
editor,  born  at  Aberdeen  about  the  middle  of 
last  century.  He  studied  under  Urbani,  and 
was  precentor  successively  of  the  High  Church, 
Inverness,  and  West  Church,  Aberdeen,  1797- 
1805.  He  was  a  successful  teacher  of  vocal 
music,  and  sang  at  concerts  in  Edinburgh. 
In  1805  he  went  to  Boston,  U.S.,  where  he 
died  in  July  of  the  same  year.  He  compiled 
"  A  Collection  of  Church  Tunes,  compiled  and 
composed  for  the  improvement  of  those  who 
may  not  have  the  opportunity  of  teachers  to 
instruct  them,  with  the  simple  graces  the 
author  rises  in  singing. ."     Aberdeen,  n.d. 

Shedlock,  John  South,  pianist,  critic, 
and  author,  born  at  Reading,  1843.  Graduated 
B.A.,  Loudon  University,  1864.  Studied  pf. 
under  E.  Liibeck,  and  composition  under  Ed. 
Lalo,  at  Paris.  On  his  return  to  London  he 
was  principally  engaged  in  teaching,  occasion- 
ally giving  some  excellent  chamber  concerts, 
up  to  1879,  when  he  became  musical  critic  of 
the  Academy,  and  from  that  time  he  devoted 
himself  chiefly  to  musical  literature.  In 
1875,  however,  he  had  contributed  articles  on 
KafE's  Symphonies  to  the  Monthly  Musical 
Record.  Other  papers  followed :  and  in  1892 
he  began  an  elaborate  series  of  articles  on 
Beethoven's  Sketch  Books  in  the  Musical 
Times.  In  1893  he  discovered,  at  Berlin,  a 
copy  of  Cramer's  Studies,  with  comments  by 
Beethoven.  An  account  of  this  he  published 
with  a  preface,  and  explanatory  notes.  He 
edited  Kuhnau's  ""  Biblical  Sonatas,"  1895; 
and  played  them  at  the  R.A.M.,  1896,  to  illus- 
trative lectures  by  E.  F.  Jacques;  also  edited 
a  Selection  of  Harpsichord  pieces  by  Bernardo 
Pasqaini.  He  has  lectured  at  the  R.A.M., 
and  been  a  busy  worker  for  music  in  many 
ways.  Author  of  "  The  Pianoforte  Sonata, 
its  origin  and  development,  London,  Methuen, 
1895.  His  most  important  composition  is  a 
Quartet  for  pf .  and  strings,  1886 ;  he  has  also 
written  a  Romance  and  Scherzino,  etc.,  for  pf. 

Shelmerdine,  William,  organist  and 
conductor,  born  at  Salford,  Manchester. 
Chorister  in  the  Collegiate  Church  (now  the 
Cathedral).  Studied  in  London,  under  Robert 
Barnett,  and  Sterndale  Bennett.  Settled  in 
Melton  Mowbray  as  a  teacher.  About  1850 
he  obtained  the  post  of  organist  at  the 
Mechanics'  Institute,  Nottingham,  and  formed 
a  large  vocal  class  in  connection  with  it.  This 
afterwards  became  the  Nottingham  Sacred 
Harmonic  Society,  Shelmerdine  being  at  first 
organist,  and  then  conductor.  He  was  also 
organist  at  the  Baptist  Chapel,  Derby  Road, 
soon  after  taking  up  his  abode  at  Nottingham. 
He  was  active  as  a  teacher,  and  exerted  great 
influence  in  the  town.  In  1878  he  retired, 
aaid  went  to  reside  at  Pwllheli,  North  Wales, 


SHEPLEY. 

1  where  he  died,  February  20,  1893.  He  edited 
a  Collection  of  Psalms  and  Chants  from  the 
old  masters,  London  [1857] ;  "  180  Chants, 
ancient  and  modern,"  London,  Virtue,  1861, 
also  1864 ;  The  Amateur  Pedalist,  an  intro- 
duction to  the  use  of  the  pedal  organ  [1853] ; 
and  composed  some  church  music  and  songs. 

Shenton,  Rev.  Robert,  clergyman  and 
musician,  was  B.A.,  Oxford,  1750 ;  M.A., 
Cantab.,  1757.  He  became  vicar-choral, 
Hereford  Cathedral ;  Dean's  vicar  at  Christ 
Church,  1757,  and  vicar  of  St.  Patrick's 
Cathedral,  Dublin,  1758.  Dean's  vicar  at 
St.  Patrick's,  1783.  He  died  at  Dublin  in 
1798.  Composer  of  anthems  and  other 
church  music. 

Shepherd,  Charles  Henry,  organist 
and  composer,  was  born  in  1847.  Student 
and  Associate,  R.A.M.  After  holding  appoint- 
ments in  London,  he  became  organist  of  St. 
Thomas's  Church,  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  1876, 
and  died  there,  April  29,  1886.  He  composed 
a  Te  Deum,  anthems  ;  The  lass  I  left  ashore  ; 
Do  or  die ;  The  moon  shines  o'er  the  lake, 
love  ;  and  other  songs  ;  pf .  pieces,  etc.  His 
wife  was  a  soprano  vocalist,  favourably  known 
in  the  North. 

Shepherd,  William,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Edinburgh  about  1760. 
He  was  a  partner  with  Nathaniel  Gow  in  the 
firm  of  Gow  and  Shepherd,  16,  Princes 
Street,  Edinburgh,  and  he  performed  at  con- 
certs. He  died  at  Edinburgh,  January  19, 
1812.  He  edited  two  collections  of  Strath- 
spey reels ;  "A  collection  of  Strathspey  reels 
..with  a  bass  for  the  violoncello  or  harp- 
sichord," Edinburgh,  n.d. ;  "  A  second  col- 
lection of  Strathspey  reels . .  for  the  piano- 
forte, violin  and  violoncello,"  Edinburgh,  n.d. 

Shepherdson,  William,  organist  and 
author,  born  1817;  died,  October  12,  1884. 
Wrote  "  The  Organ,  hints  on  its  construction, 
purchase,  and  preservation,"  London,  1873. 

Shepley,  Daniel  Sutton,  bass  vocalist, 
born  at  Macclesfield,  1853.  As  a  boy  he  had 
no  singing  voice,  but  played  several  instru- 
ments. In  1866  his  parents  removed  to 
Halifax,  and  he  was  apprenticed  to  a  firm  of 
engineers.  His  voice  developing,  he  took 
lessons  from  Mr.  W.  R.  Eckersley,  of  Halifax, 
and  soon  became  a  popular  oratorio  singer 
in  the  North.  Later  on  he  studied  under 
Dr.  Varley  Roberts,  Alfred  Blume,  and  the 
late  J.  B.  Welch.  In  1879  came  an  offer  to 
join  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company ;  but  a 
vacancy  occurring  in  the  choir  of  Lincoln 
Cathedral  at  the  same  time,  Mr.  Shepley,  by 
the  advice  of  friends,  chose  the  latter,  and 
obtained  the  post.  A  year  later  he  was 
promoted  to  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor, 
taking  up  his  duties  January,  1881.  While 
there  he  was  a  member  of  Her  Majesty's 
private  choir.     In  1887  he  was  appointed  a 

X 


370 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


SHEPPARD. 

Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Koyal,  St.  James's. 
He  has  done  much  useful  work  as  a  concert 
singer,  and  also  as  a  teacher.  His  wife  was 
a  contralto  vocalist,  and,  as  Miss  Sarah 
Riley,  was  widely  known  in  the  North  as  a 
concert  singer.  She  died  at  Brixton,  July 
12,  1894,  at  the  early  age  of  thirty-three. 

Sheppard,  Elizabeth  Sara,  novelist, 
born  at  Blackheath,  London,  in  1830;  died 
at  Brixton,  London,  March  18,  1862.  She 
wrote  a  number  of  novels,  of  which  "  Charles 
Auchester,"  1853,  3  vols.,  and  "Rumour," 
1858,  3  vols.,  deal  with  music  and  musicians. 
The  character  of  Seraphael  in  "  Charles 
Auchester"  is  intended  for  IMendelssohn. 

Sheppard,  Rev.  Henry  Fleetwood, 
clerg}'man  and  musician.  Minor  canon  of 
Gloucester  and  Windsor;  sub-dean.  Chapel 
Royal,  Savoy,  1884.  Composer  of  anthems, 
O  Lord,  the  very  heavens ;  If  the  Lord  Him- 
self ;  and  arranger  of  settings  of  Te  Deum, 
Benedictus,  Magnificat,  and  Nunc  Dimittis 
to  ancient  melodies,  Gregorian  Tones  ;  Series 
of  Church  Songs',  1884,  2  sets,  etc.  Collabora- 
tor with  Rev.  S.  Baring-Gould  (q.v.)  in  col- 
lecting and  arranging  "  Songs  and  ballads  of 
the  West  "  [1891]  ;  "  A  Garland  of  Country 
Song,"  Methuen,  1895;  English  Minstrelsie, 
Edinburgh,  Jack,  1895-96. 

Sheppard,  or  Shepherd,  John,  organist 
and  composer  of  the  16th  century.  He  was 
a  chorister  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London, 
and  afterwards  became  instructor  of  choris- 
ters and  organist  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
1542-47.  He  graduated  ]\Ius.  Doc,  Oxford, 
in  1554.  He  composed,  masses,  motets,  and 
other  Church  music,  mostly  preserved  in 
MS. 

Sheringham,  J.  W.,  clergyman,  and 
author  of  "  Our  Choir  Festivals  :  can  they 
be  reformed  without  abolition?"  Gloucester, 
1874. 

Sherrington,  Hellen,  Madame  Lkmmens 
Sherrington,  soprano  vocalist,  born  at  Pres- 
ton, Lancashire,  October  4, 1834.  The  family 
■  migrated  to  Rotterdam  in  1838.  There  the 
daughter  studied  under  Verhulst;  in  1852 
entered  the  Brussels  Conservatoire,  taking 
first  prize  for  singing  and  declamation.  ]\Iade 
her  first  appearance  in  London,  April  7,  1856, 
at  tlie  Amateur  Musical  Society's  Concert, 
Hanover  Square  Rooms.  She  soon  obtained 
a  leading  position,  and  was  heard  at  the 
Birmingliam  Festivals  from  1861 ;  the  Three 
Choirs,  Worcester,  1863-72.  In  1880  she  was 
nominated  a  professor  of  singing  at  the 
Brussels  Conservatoire,  but  undertook  a  tour 
in  the  provinces,  1883-4.  She  made  a  special 
visit  to  London  in  1889,  to  sing  in  Benoit's 
"  Lucifer  "  at  the  Albert  Hall,  April  3.  In 
1891  she  resigned  her  professorship  at  Brussels, 
and  accepted  one  at  the  R.A.M.,  London,  the 
same  year,  which  she  still  retains,  and  was 


SHIELD. 

elected  an  Hon.  ^Tember  of  the  Institution. 
In  opera  she  made  her  debut  at  Her  ^Majesty's 
Theatre,  October  10,  1860,  as  Maid  Marian, 
in  Macfarren's  "Robin  Hood,"  and  "took  the 
audience  by  storm."  She  first  sang  in  Italian 
Opera  at  the  same  theatre  in  May,  1866,  as 
Adalgisa  in  "  Norma,"  appearing  later  in 
many  operas,  English,  French,  and  Italian. 
She  married,  in  1857,  Nicolas  Lemmens,  the 
eminent  Belgian  organist  and  composer,  who 
died  January  30,  1881.  Two  daughters,  Mary 
and  Ella,  made  successful  first  appearances  at 
the  Royal  Academy  of  Music,  Louvain,  Nov- 
ember 6,  1881  ;  and  both  have  been  heard  in 
London  and  the  provinces,  at  times  from 
1882.  Madame  Slierrington  is  the  composer 
of  some  songs. 

Sherrington,  Jose,  soprano  vocalist, 
younger  sister  of  Madame  Lemmens-Sherring- 
ton,  was  born  at  Rotterdam,  October  27,  1850. 
Studied  at  Brussels  under  Madame  Meyer- 
Boulard,  and  Signor  Chiriamonte.  Made  her 
appearance  in  England  in  1871,  and  sung  at 
lier  sister's  concerts  in  London,  1872,  and  iu 
the  provinces.  Toured  in  Holland  in  1873, 
liut  has  resided  chiefly  in  England  since. 

Sherwin,  Amy,  soprano  vocalist,  born  in 
Tasmania.  Received  her  first  instruction 
from  her  motlier,  then  joined  an  Italian 
operatic  troupe,  and  made  her  debut  at  Mel- 
bourne in  "  Lucia  di  Lammermoor."  In 
1879  went  to  America ;  sang  in  New  York ;  at 
the  Cincinnati  Festival,  and  principal  concerts, 
1880-1.  Studied  under  Theodore  Thomas, 
Dr.  Damrosch  and  others  ;  and  returning  to 
Europe,  studied  at  Frankfort  with  Stock- 
hausen ;  ]\Iadame  Hustaclie  at  Paris ;  and 
also  Vannuccini  and  Ronconi.  ^lade  her 
debut  at  Drury  Lane,  April  7,  1883,  m  the 
title  part  of  "  Maritana,"  with  Carl  Rosa 
Company  ;  sang  at  the  Promenade,  Richter, 
Crystal  Palace,  and  provincial  concerts,  1884-5. 
Again  went  to  America  ;  and  in  1888  under- 
took a  tour  through  Australia,  India,  China, 
etc.,  singing  once  more  in  London,  July,  1890. 
In  1896  she  took  her  own  opera  company  to 
South  Africa. 

Sherwood,  Percy,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  May  23,  1866.  Nephew  of  Edward 
Lawrance  (q.v.).  Educated  at  Dresden  Con- 
servatorium,  1885-8.  In  1889  he  won  the 
Mendelssohn  German  State  Prize,  for  a 
Grand  Requiem  for  soli,  chorus  and  orchestra. 
He  was  appointed  a  professor  at  the  Dresden 
Conservatorium  in  1893.  His  works  comprise 
a  Concerto  for  pf .  and  orchestra ;  a  Sj'mphony ; 
Overture  to  Goethe's  "Gotz  von  Berlichingen"; 
Sonata  for  pf .  ;  chorus  and  songs,  etc.  Also 
chamber  music,  organ  pieces,  etc.  As  a 
pianist  he  has  been  heard  at  many  concerts  in 
Germany,  and  he  has  a  high  reputation. 

Shield,  William,  composer  and  writer, 
born  at  Whickham,  Durham,  March  5,  1748. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


371 


SHIELD. 

He  studied  under  his  father,  a  singing-master, 
and  practised  the  violin  and  harpsichord. 
Apprenticed  to  a  boat-builder  at  North 
Shields,  on  the  death  of  his  father,  but  after- 
wards became  leader  of  the  Newcastle  Sub- 
sciiption  Concerts,  and  studied  music  under 
Avison,  who  befriended  him.  He  went  to 
Scarborough  as  leader  of  the  theatre  orchestra, 
and  the  subscription  concerts.  Violin-player 
in  orchestra  of  the  opera,  London,  1772 ;  and 
in  1773  he  was  made  principal  viola-player. 
Composer  to  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  1778-91 
and  1792-97.  Visited  France  and  Italy  with 
Kitson,  the  antiquary,  1791.  Master  of  the 
Royal  Music  on  death  of  Parsons,  1817. 
Original  member  of  the  Philharmonic  Society. 
He  died  at  31,  Berners  Street,  London,  Janu- 
ary 25,  1829.  Buried,  February  4,  in  south 
cloister  of  Westminster  Abbey.  A  new  stone 
was  placed  over  his  grave  in  1892.  '  On  Octo- 
ber 19,  1891,  a  memorial  cross  was  unveiled 
by  Dr.  Hodgkin  in  Whickham  churchyard. 

Works. — Music  to  Dramas,  Operas,  etc. : 
Flitch  of  Bacon,  1778;  Lord  Mayor's  Day, 
1782  ;  Rosina,  1783  ;  Poor  soldier,  1783  ;  Har- 
lequin Friar  Bacon,  1783  ;  Robin  Hood,  1781 ; 
Noble  peasant,  1784 ;  Fontainbleau,  1784 ; 
Magic  cavern,  1784;  Nunnery,  1785;  Love 
in  a  camp,  1785 ;  Choleric  fathers,  1785 ; 
Omai,  1785 ;  Richard  Coeur  de  Lion,  1786 ; 
Enchanted  castle,  1786  ;  Marian,  1788 ; 
Prophet,  1788  ;  Highland  reel,  1788  ;  Aladdin, 
1788  ;  Crusade,  1790 ;  Picture  of  Paris,  1790 ; 
Oscar  and  Malvina  (with  Reeve),  1791 ;  Wood- 
man, 1792 ;  Hartford  bridge,  1792 ;  Har- 
lequin's Museum,  1793 ;  Deaf  lover,  1793 ; 
Midnight  wanderers,  1793 ;  Sprigs  of  laurel, 
1793 ;  Travellers  in  Switzerland,  1794 ;  Arrived 
at  Portsmouth,  1794;  Netley  Abbey,  1794; 
Mysteries  of  the  Castle,  1795 ;  Lock  and  key, 
1796 ;  Abroad  and  at  home,  1796 ;  Italian 
villagers,  1797  ;  The  farmer,  1798  ;  Two  faces 
tinder  a  hood,  1807 ;  Wicklow  mountains. 
A  Cento,  consisting  of  ballads,  rounds,  glees, 
and  a  roundelay ;  Cavatinas,  canzonettas, 
etc.,  London  [1809].  Collection  of  six  can- 
zonets and  an  elegy,  London,  n.d.  Collection 
of  favourite  songs,  etc.,  London,  n.d.  Six 
trios  for  violin,  tenor,  and  violoncello,  Lon- 
don, n.d.,  3  vols.  Six  duos  for  two  violins. 
Six  quartettos,  5  for  2  violins,  tenor  and  'cello, 
and  1  for  flute,  violin,  tenor,  and  'cello, 
op.  8.  An  introduction  to  Harmony,  London, 
1800;  2nd  edition,  1817,  Rudiments  of 
thorough-bass  for  young  harmonists,  London, 
1815.  Numerous  songs,  of  which  the  best 
known  are.  The  wolf ;  The  thorn  ;  Old  Towler  ; 
The  heaving  of  the  lead  ;  The  Post  Captain  ; 
The  plough-boy  ;  Death  of  Tom  Moody  ;  The 
Arethusa ;  Last  whistle  ;  Lovely  Jane  ;  My 
own  native  village ;  The  bud  of  the  rose ; 
Sailor's  epitaph ;  On  by  the  spur  of  valour 
goaded  ;  and  Violet  nurs'd  in  woodlands  wild. 


SHIRREFF. 

Shinn,  George,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Clerkenwell,  London,  ]\Iarch  6,  1837, 
Privately  trained  in  music.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Cambridge,  1880.  Appointed  organist 
of  St.  Peter's,  Hackney  Road,  December, 
1858 ;  St.  Jude's,  Whitechapel,  June,  1863  ; 
St.  Paul's,  Canonbury,  1866 ;  St.  Matthew's, 
Brixton,  1872 ;  and  Christ  Church,  Upper 
Norwood,  1887,  a  position  he  still  holds. 
Published  compositions — Oratorios :  The  Cap- 
tives of  Babylon  (1887) ;  Lazarus  of  Bethany 
(1892).  Cantatas,  with  readings:  The  Re- 
formation (1880) ;  The  Victories  of  Judah 
(1881) ;  The  Life  of  Samuel  (1884).  Harvest 
Thanksgiving  Cantata  (1895).  School  Can- 
tatas :  The  Four  Seasons ;  The  Bell  Tower ; 
The  Queen  of  Merry  May.  Morning  and 
Evening  Services ;  Anthems ;  Kyries,  and 
Hymn  Tunes.  Twelve  School  songs ;  songs 
and  part-songs.  Original  Compositions,  for 
the  Organ  ;  Six  books  of  Transcriptions.  Six 
violin  and  pf .  duets ;  pf .  pieces,  etc. 

His  son,  Frederick  George,  organist,  was 
born  in  London  in  1867.  He  was  educated 
at  the  R.C.M.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Durham, 
1892.  F.R.C.O.;  A.R.C.M.  Organist  and 
choirmaster,  All  Saint's,  Clapham  Park,  1888- 
1892;  St.  James's,  Marylebone,  1892-3;  Pari.sh 
Church,  Sydenham,  1893.  Conductor  of 
Reigate  Rural  Deanery  Choral  Union,  1893 ; 
Sydenham  Choral  Society.  Has  given  organ 
recitals  in  various  places.  Author  of  a  bro- 
chure ;  "  Forty  Seasons  of  Saturday  Concerts 
at  the  Crj'stal  Palace"  (1896). 

Shinner,  Emily,  violinist,  born  at  Chel- 
tenham, July  7,  1862.  Began  the  violin  at 
an  early  age,  and  in  1874  went  to  Berlin  and 
studied  under  Jacobsen.  When  female  violin- 
ists were  admitted  to  the  High  School  in 
1876,  Miss  Shinner  entered  as  a  pupil  of 
Joachim.  Played  in  several  towns  in  Germany, 
returning  to  England  in  1881.  She  made  a 
successful  cUbut,  June  3,  1882,  at  Mr.  H.  R. 
Bird's  Concert,  Kensington  Town  Hall ;  was 
heard  in  the  provinces  soon  after ;  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts,  February  9,  1884 ; 
Ciystal  Palace,  March  8,  rapidly  attaining  a 
high  position.  In  1887  she  organised  a  string 
quartet  of  ladies,  the  first  concert  taking 
place  at  King's  College,  London,  April  2  of 
that  year.  The  Shinner  Quartet  have  played 
in  London  and  the  provinces  each  year  since, 
with  increasing  success.  In  January,  1889, 
Miss  Shinner  married  Captain  A.  L.  Liddell, 
of  the  Artillery,  the  Queen  sending  a  diamond 
bracelet  to  the  bride. 

Shirreff,  Jane,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
1811  She  studied  under  Thomas  Welsh. 
Debut  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  London,  in' 
Arne's  "  Artaxerxes,"  1831.  She  sang  at  the 
Philharmonic  Concerts,  the  Concerts  of 
Ancient  Music,  and  at  the  Provincial  Festi- 
vals; also  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  and  in  1888, 


372 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


SHIRREFS. 

she  appeared  in  America  with  Seguin's  com- 
pany. Married  Mr.  J.  Walcott,  secretary  of 
the  Army  and  Navy  Club,  and  retired.  She 
died  at  Kensington,  London,  December  23, 
18S3. 

5hirrefs,  Andrew,  poet  and  musician, 
was  born  at  Aberdeen  in  1762.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Grammar  School  and  Marischal 
College,  Aberdeen,  and  graduated  M.A.  in 
1783.  He  was  a  stationer  and  publisher  in 
Aberdeen  and  Edinburgh,  and  edited  the 
Aberdeen  CJironicle  and  the  Caledonian  Mag- 
azine. In  1798,  he  went  to  Loudon  and 
seems  to  have  died  there  about  1801.  His 
only  known  contributions  to  music  were, 
"  torty  Pieces  of  original  music,  inscribed  to 
the  Earl  of  Buchan,"  Aberdeen,  n.d.  [1788], 
and  "  The  overture,  airs,  songs,  and  duetts  in 
the  Scots  pastoral  comedy  of  '  Jamie  and 
Bess,'  "  Edinburgh,  n.d.  He  is  best  remem- 
bered as  the  author  of  "  Jamie  and  Bess." 

Shoel,  Thomas,  composer,  born  at  Mont- 
acute,  Somerset,  in  1759 ;  died  1823.  Com- 
piler of  Thirty  Psalm  Tunes,  first  sett  ; 
Twenty-four  Psalm  Tunes,  2  hymns  and  3 
easy  anthems,  London  [1801] ;  Book  of  Psalm 
Tunes,  Hymns,  and  Anthems,  London,  1800- 
6,  6  vols. ;  The  Chearful  Psalmodist,  a  new 
set  of  tunes,  London  [1809] ;  Ode  for  Christ- 
mas Day,  1804 ;  Peace,  a  two-part  song ; 
Shipwrecked  Boy,  duet ;   and  songs. 

Shore,  John,  trumpeter,  was  boru  iu  the 
latter  part  of  the  17th  century.  He  succeeded 
his  brother  William  in  office  of  sergeant 
trumpeter.  Trumpeter  in  the  Queen's  band. 
He  died  November  20,  1750.  He  is  credited 
with  the  invention  of  the  tuning-fork.  The 
most  celebrated  trumpet-player  of  his  time. 
He  was  succeeded  in  his  office  by  Valentine 
Snow.  His  sisttr  Catherine,  born  iu  1668, 
was  a  pupil  of  H.  Purcell.  I\Iarried  Colley 
Gibber  in  1693.  Appeared  as  a  singer  in 
operas  by  Purcell  and  others.  She  died  in 
1730,  The  founder  of  the  Shore  family  was 
Matthias  (died  1700),  who  was  King's 
trumpeter  in  1685,  and  was  succeeded  by  his 
son  William  (died  1707). 

Shore,  William,  amateur  composer,  born 
at  Manchester,  November  21,  1791.  Was 
founder  and  musical  director  of  the  Man- 
chester Madrigal  Society,  and  hon.  secretary 
of  the  Gentlemen's  Glee  Club.  He  died  at 
Buxton,  January  16, 1877.  He  edited  "  Sacred 
JMusic,  selected  and  arranged  from  the  works 
of  the  most  eminent  composers. ...,"  Lon- 
don [1835],  and  composed  glees,  and  the 
well-known  trio,  "  0  Willie  brew'd  a  peck  o' 
maut"  [1840];  anthems,  songs,  and  pf. 
music. 

Short,  Joseph,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Caldmore,  Walsall,  Staffordshire, 
May  22,  1831.  Received  his  early  training 
in  the  local  Roman  Catholic  Church  choir, 


SHRUBSOLE. 

and  became  acquainted  with  much  of  the 
finest  ecclesiastical  music.  Self-instructed  in 
harmony  and  composition.  Appointed  or- 
ganist of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church  at 
Wednesbury  in  1853,  and  later  of  St.  Mary's, 
Walsall,  where  he  began  to  produce  the 
masses  of  the  great  composers  with  full 
orchestra.  He  went  to  Birmingham  in  1801, 
and,  having  a  good  bass  voice,  was  appointed 
cantor  of  St.  Chad's  Roman  Catholic  Cathe- 
dral, moving  in  1867  to  St.  Joseph's,  Nechells. 
About  this  time  he  published  a  "  Salve 
Regina,"  which  became  popular.  In  October, 
1872,  he  accepted  the  office  of  choir-master 
at  St.  Michael's,  Moor  Street,  Birmingham, 
which  he  still  holds,  and  has  made  famous 
by  the  production  of  great  works.  He  con- 
ducted a  performance  in  this  church  of 
Schubert's  Mass  in  F,  in  1873,  and  gave  the 
same  at  a  concert  in  the  Masonic  Hall,  Bir- 
mingham, September  7,  1875,  with  full  or- 
chestra, being  the  first  performances  of  the 
mass  in  England.  For  some  years  he  gave 
concerts  in  the  Birmingham  Town  Hall.  He 
was  chosen  as  the  English  representative  to 
give  information  to  the  Sacred  Congregation 
of  Rites  in  the  revision  of  the  Liturgical  rules 
for  the  guidance  of  composers  of  Roman 
Catholic  Church  music,  a  great  mark  of  dis- 
tinction. His  devotion  to  music  has  been 
his  recreation,  he  being  occupied  in  business 
as  a  merchant. 

Works. — Masses  :  St.  Joseph  (dedicated  to 
Cardinal  Newman),  produced  Birmingham 
Town  Hall,  December  9,  1880;  St.  George,. 
1886,  both  for  soli,  chorus,  organ  and  or- 
chestra. Offertoriums:  Ave  Maria;  Beata 
es  Virgo  Maria  ;  Benedic  Anima  Mea  Domino ; 
Benedicite  Doininum ;  Deus  Israel,  quartet 
and  chorus ;  De  Profundis,  baritone  solo, 
with  strings;  Adoramus  Te,  for  strings. 
Marche  Cardinale,  for  orchestra.  In  MS. 
two  masses;  a  cantata.  The  Nativity;  motets, 
etc. 

Shoubridge,  James,  musician  and  tenor 
singer,  born  at  Canterbury,  in  1804.  He  was 
a  teacher  there  for  a  time,  but  died  in 
London,  December,  1872.  He  was  appointed 
conductor  of  the  Cecilian  Society,  London, 
1852.  Composer  of  "  Twenty-four  original 
Psalin  and  Hymn  tunes,  for  4  voices,"  n.d. 

Shrubsoie,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Canterbury  in  1760.  He  was 
a  chorister  in  Canterburj'  Cathedral  from 
1770  till  1777.  In  September,  1782,  he  was 
appointed  organist  of  Bangor  Cathedral  at  a 
salary  of  forty  guineas  a  year.  In  December, 
1783,'  he  was  dismissed  for  being  too  closely 
connected  "with  one  Abbott  late  of  this  place," 
and  for  "  frequenting  conventicles."  He 
therefore  next  became  organist  of  Spa  Fields 
Chapel,  Clerkenwell,  in  1784,  and  held  the 
post  till  his  death,  at  London,  January  18» 


13UITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


373 


SHUTTLEWORTH. 

1806.  He  was  buried  in  Bunhill  Fields, 
London,  where  a  monument  marks  his  grave. 
This  was  restored  bv  public  subscriptions 
collected  by  Mr.  F.  G.  Edwards,  in  1892. 
Benjamin  Jacob  and  William  Russell  were 
among  his  pupils.  Shrubsole  is  now  chiefly 
remembered  as  the  composer  of  the  once  pop- 
ular hymn  tune  called  "  Miles  Lane,"  or 
sometimes  "  Scarborough." 

Shuttleworth,  Obadiah,  organist,  vio- 
linist, and  composer,  born  at  Spitalfields, 
London,  1675.  Violinist  at  the  Swan  Tavern 
Concerts,  Cornhill,  1728.  Organist  succes- 
sively of  St.  Michael's,  Cornhill,  and  of  the 
Temple  Church.  Composer  of  concertos  and 
sonatas  for  violin.     He  died  in  1735. 

Sibbald,  James,  publisher  and  bookseller 
in  Edinburgh,  who  was  born  about  1747,  and 
died  at  Edinburgh,  April  8,  1803.  He  edited 
"  The  Vocal  Magazine,  containing  a  selection 
of  the  most  esteemed  English,  Scots,  and 
Irish  Songs,  ancient  and  moxlern,  adapted  for 
the  harpsichord  and  violin,"  Edinburgh, 
1797-99.  3  vols.,  issued  in  19  parts.  A  second 
series  only  reached  a  few  parts.  "  Collection 
of  catches,  canons,  glees,  etc.,  in  score,  from 
the  works  of  the  most  eminent  composers, 
ancient  and  modern,"  Edinburgh,  3  vols.,n.d. 

Sibly,  Stephen,  organist,  born  in  1766. 
He  was  organist  of  St.  Thomas',  Portsmouth, 
and  of  St.  John's  Chapel,  Portsea,  for  52  years. 
He  died  at  Portsmouth,  September  23,  18-42. 

Sime,  David,  musician  and  teacher,  born 
about  the  middle  of  last  century.  He  was  a 
teacher  in  Edinburgh,  where  he  died  on  July  ' 
7,  1807.  He  edited  "  The  Edinburgh  Musical  ! 
Miscellany,  a  collection  of  the  most  approved 
Scotch,  English,  and  Irish  songs,  set  to 
music,"  Edinburgh,  1792-3,  2  vols  ;  2nd 
edition,  1808,  2  vols. 

Simms.  A  remarkable  family  of  organists. 
John  Simms,  the  founder,  was  born  in  Staf- 
fordshire about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth 
century.  He  was  brought  up  to  the  counting- 
house,  but  continued  in  his  father's  business, 
the  iron  trade,  for  some  years.  Cultivating 
his  passion  for  music,  he  became  a  fair  player 
on  the  organ  and  violin.  Afterwards  he 
devoted  himself  to  the  construction  of  in- 
struments, and  made,  among  others,  an 
upright  harpsichord,  which  was  publicly 
exhibited.  The  date  of  his  death  is  not 
known.  He  had  a  family  of  eight  sons  and 
two  daughters,  who  were  all  musical,  as  was 
his  wife.  Of  his  sons,  Bishop  Simms  suc- 
ceeded Joseph  Harris,  ilus.  Bac,  as  organist 
of  St.  Philip's,  Birmingham,  and  was  also 
organist  of  St.  Mary's  Chapel  in  that  town. 
He  was  a  violinist,  and  one  of  the  orchestra 
at  the  Birmingham  Festivals  from  1805.  Date 
of  death  unknown.  J.\mes  Simms  was  organist 
of  Bromsgrove  Parish  Church,  and  also  at 
Chaddesley,  Worcester,  but  nothing  is  known 


SIMMS. 

of  him  after  1826.  Samuel  Simms,  was 
esteemed  one  of  the  finest  players  of  his 
time.  In  1805  he  was  a  candidate  for  the 
post  of  organist  at  Whitchurch,  Salop,  but 
the  conditions  were  so  unsatisfactory  that 
only  three  of  those  assembled  would  compete. 
A  curious  letter  on  the  subject  appeared  in 
A7-is's  Gazette,  Birmingham,  April  15,  1805. 
He  was  organist  of  St.  Thomas's,  Stourbridge, 
for  half  a  century,  and  died  sometime  before 
1860.  Edw.\rd  Simms  was  organist  of  Asburn 
and  Oakover,  Staffs.,  but  no  details  can  be 
obtained  about  him.  Henry  Simms  was  an 
organist  at  Stourbridge,  and  another  son, 
Jesse,  was  a  musician. 

Simms,  Edward,  son  of  Edward  Simms 
named  in  the  preceding  article,  was  born  at 
Oldswinford,  Worcestershire,  February  10, 
1800.  At  the  age  of  six  he  commenced  his 
studies  under  his  uncles  at  Stourbridge  ;  and 
when  ten  assisted  his  uncle  James  at  Broms- 
grove. He  was  appointed  organist  at  Wom- 
bourne,  near  Wolverhampton,  in  1813.  Went 
to  London  in  1816,  and  studied  under  Thomas 
Adams,  and  Kalkbrenner.  In  1818  he  removed 
to  Coventrv,  and  was  organist  successively  of 
Holy  Trinity,  1821 ;  St.  John's,  1825  (having 
meantime  held  an  appointment  for  three  years 
in  Birmingham)  ;  and  St.  Michael's,  1828, 
holding  this  last  office  for  the  period  of  58 
years,  resigning  in  1886.  Established  the 
Coventry  Choral  Society  about  1836,  and  did 
much  to  disseminate  a  taste  for  music  in  the 
district.  He  had  many  pupils  of  distinction, 
including  the  novelist  George  Eliot,  and  it  is 
to  him  that  reference  is  made  in  "  iliddle- 
march."  He  composed  numerous  pieces,  but 
published  very  little.  His  death  took  place 
at  Coventry,  January  15,  1893. 

Simms,  Henry,  organist  and  pianist,  bom 
in  1804.  Son  of  Jesse  Simms.  He  was  a 
pupil  of  Moscheles  for  pf.,  to  whom  he  dedi- 
cated a  Polacca.  Appointed  organist  of  Holy 
Trinity,  Bordesley,  in  1825,  he  held  that  office 
until  1875 ;  whilst  he  was  also  oiganist  at  St. 
Philip's,  Birmingham,  1829-71.  He  was 
famous  as  an  extempore  player,  and  widely 
known  as  a  teacher  of  pf .  and  singing.  His 
compositions  were  chiefly  teaching  pieces  for 
pf .  and  songs ;  but  he  also  wrote  a  Communion 
Service  which  remained  in  MS.  He  died, 
May  1, 1872. 

Robert  Henry,  his  eldest  son,  was  born  at 
Highgate,  Birmingham,  in  1829.  Pupil  of 
his  father,  and  later  of  R.A.]SI.  In  1851  he 
was  appointed  ^lusic  Master  at  Chester 
College;  and  organist  at  Wrexham  Parish 
Church  in  1853.  Up  to  June  29,  1856,  he 
occupied  his  usual  post  at  the  organ,  but  the 
next  Sunday  he  expired  as  the  bells  were 
ringing  for  morning  Service.  His  brother 
arrived  from  Birmingham  the  previous  even- 
ing, to  take  his  place,  but  on  the  Sunday,  by 


374 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY, 


SIMMS. 

the  Vicar's  desire,  the  organ  remained  silent 
as  a  marii  of  respect  to  the  artist  so  suddenly 
passed  away. 

Edward  Bishop  Simms,  the  second  son  of 
Henry  Simms,  was  also  the  pupil  of  his  father. 
He  studied  pf.  under  Cipriani  Potter.  Suc- 
ceeded his  brother  as  organist  of  Wrexham ' 
Parish  Church,  August,  1856;  and  resigned  in 
December,  1894.  He  was  ]\Iusic  Master  at 
Chester  College,  18.56-86  ;  and  is  still  resident 
at  Wrexham  as  a  teacher. 

Simms,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Stourbridge  in  1836.  Eldest  son  and 
pupil  of  Samuel  Simms,  previously  noticed. 
He  succeeded  his  father  as  organist  of  St. 
Thomas's  Church,  Stourbridge,  aud  remained 
there  for  some  years.  Afterwards  he  took  an 
appointment  at  St.  John's,  Ladywood,  Bir- 
mingham ;  and  was  lastly  organist  of  St. 
Cyprian's,  Hay  IMills,  Birmingham,  a  church 
distinguished  for  its  ornate  musical  services. 
(His  brother,  the  Rev.  G.  Handel  Simms, 
became  vicar  of  that  church).  He  was  conduc- 
tor of  the  Brierley  Hill  Choral  Society  from  its 
formation;  was  a  skilful  organist  and  pianist. 
His  compositions  included  Services,  anthems, 
and  organ  pieces.  He  died  at  Stourbridge, 
February  22,  1885.  His  eldest  son,  Samuel, 
succeeded  him  as  organist  of  St.  Cyprian's, 
and  retains  that  position  to  the  present  time. 

Simms,  Arthur,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Birmingham,  June  11,  1839.  Son  of 
the  first-named  Samuel  Simms.  Pupil  of 
his  uncle,  Henry  Simms.  Was  assistant 
organist  of  St.  Philip's  and  Holy  Trinity, 
Birmingham,  1856-65.  Appointed  organist  of 
Shifnall  Parish  Church,  1866;  Wilmslow, 
Cheshire,  1870;  St.  IMary's  Episcopal  Church, 
Glasgow,  1875  ;  Organist  and  music  master, 
Forest  School,  Walthamstow,  1880;  Hythe 
Parish  Church,  1893,  to  present  time.  Grad- 
uated IMus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1874.  At  Shifnall 
he  was  conductor  of  the  Philharmonic  Society; 
and  while  at  Glasgow  he  directed  a  perform- 
ance of  Bach's  Passion  Music,  in  1877.  He 
is  correspondence  tutor  of  Queen  Margaret 
College,  Glasgow.  His  compositions  are  : 
Lazarus,  an  oratorio;  Psalm  33,  for  voices  and 
orchestra,  both  in  MS.  Anthems  published 
for  Christmas,  Easter,  Ascension,  Annuncia- 
tion, and  Harvest.  Service  for  Holy  Commu- 
nion.    Impromptu  for  organ,  etc. 

Simper,  Caleb,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Barford  St.  Martin,  Wilts.,  September 
12,  18.56.  Fourteen  years  organist  at  St. 
Mary  Magdalene,  Worcester,  and  manager  to 
E.  J.  Spark.  Now  resident  at  Barnstaple, 
devoting  himself  exclusively  to  composition. 
He  has  composed  a  large  number  of  simple 
anthems— I  will  feed  my  flock  ;  He  is  risen  ; 
Fear  not,  0  land  ;  Break  forth  into  joy,  etc.  ; 
also  prize  hymn  tunes,  Manchester  Sunday 
School  ULion,  etc. 


SIMPSON. 

Simpson,  Christopher,  or  Sympson, 
violinist  aud  writer,  born  [about  1610].  He 
was  originally  a  soldier  in  the  army  raised  by 
the  Duke  of  Newcastle  for  service  of  Charles 

1.  Being  a  Roman  Catholic,  he  was  patron- 
ized by  Sir  Robert  BoUes  of  Leicestershire, 
whose  son  he  taught  the  viol.  He  died  at 
Turnstile,  Holborn,  London,  about  1677. 

Works. — The  Division-Violist,  or  an  Intro- 
duction to  the  playing  upon  a  Ground,  divided 
in  two  parts,  the  first  directing  the  hand, 
with  other  preparative  instructions ;  the 
second  laying  open  the  method  and  manner 
of  playing,  or  composing  divisions  to  a  ground, 
London,  1659 ;  2nd  edition  as  "  Chelys  Minuri- 
tionum  artificio  exornata,  sive  Minuritiones 
ad  Basin,  etiana  extempore  modulandi  ratio. . 
or  the  Division  Viol,  etc.,  London,  1667  ;  3rd 
edition,  with  portrait,  1712.  The  Principles 
of  Practical  Musick,  London,  1665;  2nd 
edition,  A  Compendium  of  Practical  Music,  in 
5  parts  :  1.  The  Rudiments  of  Song  ;  2.  The 
Principles  of  Composition  ;  3.  The  Use  of 
Discords  ;  4.  The  form  of  Figurate  Descant ; 
5.  The  Contrivance  of  Canon.  .London,  1667. 
Of  this  work  there  are  many  editions  dated 
and  undated  to  about  1760.  Art  of  Discant, 
or  Composing  Musick  in  Parts,  by  Dr. 
Tiiomas  Campion,  with  Annotations  thereon 
by  ]Mr.  Christopher  Simpson,  London,  1655. 
Also  contained  in  Playford's  "  Introduction." 

Simpson,  Fredericlc  James,  composer, 
born  at  Portobello,  near  Edinburgh,  Decem- 
ber 12,  1856.  Educated  at  the  Edinburgh 
Academy,  and  later  in  England  and  Switzer- 
land. Entered  the  Leipzig  Conservatorium, 
1887,  studying  under  Alfred  Richter ;  in 
1879-80  studied  at  the  National  Training 
School  for  ]\Iiisic,  London,  under  E.  Prout, 
P.  Taylor,  and  J.  F.  Bridge.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxford,  1886  ;  and  further  studied  com- 
position with  Ludwig  Bussler,  Berlin,  1887-8. 
He  has  given  concerts  at  Edinburgh  and 
elsewhere.  His  compositions  include  a 
Symphony  in  C  ;  overture  "  Robert  Bruce  " 
(produced  at   the  Crystal  Palace,  November 

2,  1889) ;  which,  with  a  sonata  for  pf.  and 
violin,  and  two  pf.  sonatas,  remain  in  MS. 
He  has  also  composed  a  cantata,  "The 
Departure  of  Summer,"  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra;  "Coronach"  (from  Scott's  "Lady 
of  the  Lake,"  produced  at  Edinburgh,  April 
8,  1891);  "Come  to  the  Woods,"  song,  with 
violin  obligate;  A  Message  to  Phyllis,  and 
other  songs,  duets,  part-songs,  etc.  Four 
sketches ;  Tone  pictures  for  the  young ;  and 
other  pf .  pieces ;  Cavatina  in  F,  violin ; 
Allegro  giocoso,  two  violins,  etc. 

Simpson,  James  F.,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  in  1845 ;  died  in  London, 
October  11,  1882.  In  addition  to  a  large 
number  of  album  sketches,  galops,  and  tran- 
scriptions for  the  pf.  he  composed  incidental 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


375 


SIMPSON. 

music  to  The  Miller  and  his  man,  1875,  and 
wrote  "Nursery  rhymes  and  children's  songs " 
London  [1881]  ;  "  Six  Scottish  songs,  the 
poetry  selected  from  R.  Burns"  [1872] ;  j)art- 
songs,  songs,  and  other  works. 

Simpson,  John,  musician  of  first  half  of 
the  18th  century,  wrote  "Delightful  pocket 
companion  for  the  German  flute,"  London 
[1740].  Another  Johx  Simpson,  who  flour- 
ished later  in  the  century,  composed  "  Twelve 
voluntaries,  .for  the  organ  or  pf.  to  which 
are  prefixed  some  remarks  on  stringed  musical 
instruments."     London  [1800]. 

Simpson,  John,  member  of  a  music  pub- 
lishing firm  in  London,  wrote  "  Easy  method 
of  learning  the  Concertina,"  London  [1855]; 
"  Easy  method  of  playing  the  Accordion, 
German  Accordion,  or  Flutina,  London  [1876] ; 
Complete  book  of  Instructions  for  the  Flute  ; 
Arrangements  for  the  Accordion,  etc.  These 
instruction  books  are  issued  in  various  editions. 

Simpson,  Palgrave,  amateur  musician 
and  writer,  born  about  1815.  Solicitor  prac- 
tising in  Liverpool,  where  he  died,  January 
22,  1891,  at  the  age  of  75.  Author  of  "  The 
Bandmaster's  Guide,"  2  vols.,  London, 
Boosey,  1885. 

Simpson,  Robert,  composer,  was  born 
at  Glasgow,  November  4,  1790.  He  was  a 
weaver  by  trade,  and  led  the  singing  in  Dr. 
Wardlaw's  church,  Glasgow,  for  a  time. 
Afterwards  he  was  precentor  and  session 
clerk  of  the  East  Parish  Church,  Greenock, 
fiom  182.8.  He  died  at  Greenock,  in  July  or 
August,  1832.  He  composed  or  adapted  the 
tune  well  known  in  Scotland  as  "  Ballerma," 
which  was  first  published  in  Turnbull's 
"  Selection  of  Original  Sacred  Music"  (form- 
ing vol.  6  of  Steven's  Collection),  183-3,  from 
a  MS.  found  after  Simpson's  death.  On  the 
strength  of  a  by  no  means  close  resemblance, 
the  tune  "  Ballerma  "  has  been  assumed  to 
be  a  copy  or  adaptation  of  a  melody  composed 
or  arranged  by  Barthelemon  (1741-1808),  a 
French  violinist  and  composer. 

Simpson,  Thomas,  English  composer 
and  violinist,  who  in  1615  was  violinist  in  the 
chapel  of  the  Prince  of  Holstein-Schaumberg. 
Composer  of  "  Opusculum  neuer  Pavanen, 
Galliarden,  Couranten,  und  Volten..."  Frank- 
fort, 1610 ;  "  Pavanen,  Volten  und  Galli- 
arden," Frankfort,  1611 ;  "  Tafel-Consort, 
allerhand  lustige  Lieder  von  4  Instrumenten 
und  Generalbass,"  Hamburg,  1621. 

Simpson,  T.,  author  of  "  The  Norma 
Virium,  or  Musical  Accontuator,  a  disquisitory 
essay  on  the  obstructions  students  meet  with 
in  becoming  good  timcists  .  . .,"  London,  n.d. 

Simpson,  Thomas,  organist  and  compo- 
ser, was  born  April  25,  1833.  Compiler  of  the 
Burnley  Tune  Book  ;  Part-songs ;  Dance 
music  for  pf.,  etc. 

Sims,  Thomas,   composer  and  organist. 


SINCLAIR. 

issued     "  Fifty    original    psalm    and    hymn 
tunes,  figured  for  the  organ,"  London  [1816]. 

Sinclair,  George  Robertson,  organist 
and  conductor,  born  at  Croydon,  October  28, 
1863.  Son  of  the  late  R.  S.  Sinclair,  LL.D., 
of  Dublin.  When  eight  he  began  his  studies 
at  the  R.I. A.M.,  Dublin,  and  a  year  later 
entered  St.  Michael's  College.  Tenbury,  where 
he  remained  six  years.  In  1879  he  became  a 
pupil  of  Dr.  Harford  Lloyd,  of  Gloucester 
Cathedral,  and  was  his  assistant  organist,  as 
well  as  officiating  at  St.  Mary  de  Crypt 
Church.  At  the  close  of  1881  he  was  appointed 
by  the  Chapter  organist  of  Truro  Cathedral, 
where  he  worked  up  the  choir  to  a  high 
efficiency,  and  presided  over  a  gathering  of 
700  performers  at  the  consecration  service  in 
November,  1887.  He  originated,  and  was 
Diocesan  Choirmaster  of,  the  Deanery  of 
Powder  Choir  Association,  and  conductor  of 
other  societies.  In  1889  he  succeeded  the 
late  Dr.  Colborne  as  organist  and  master  of 
the  choristers  at  Hereford.  Conducted  the 
Hereford  Festivals  of  1891  and  1894  with 
conspicuous  ability.  He  is  a  brilliant  organ 
player,  and  has  given  many  recitals.  He 
conducts  societies  at  Hereford  and  Ross. 
Elected  Hon.  R.A.M.,  1895. 

Sinclair,  John,  tenor  vocalist,  was  born 
near  Edinburgh,  in  1790.  He  became  a 
clarinet  player  in  the  band  of  Campbell  of 
Shawfield's  Regiment,  and  afterwards  a 
teacher  of  music  in  Aberdeen.  First  appear- 
ance as  a  singer  in  London  at  Haymarket 
Theatre,  as  C'heerly  in  "Lock  and  Key,"  1880. 
He  studied  singing  for  a  time  under  Thomas 
Welsh.  Engaged  for  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
and  appeared  in  Linley's  "  Duenna,"  1811. 
Married  Miss  Norton,  daughter  of  Captain 
Norton,  1816.  Appeared  in  London,  and  in 
English  Provinces  till  1819  ;  when  he  visited 
Paris,  and  studied  for  a  time  under  Pellegrini, 
and  under  Banderali  at  Milan.  Visited 
Rossini  at  Naples,  1821.  Sangin  Pisa,  Bologna 
(where  he  was  made  a  member  of  the  Phil- 
harmonic Academy),  Modena,  Florence, 
Venice  (where  Rossini  wrote  for  him  the  part 
of  Idreno  in  "  Semiramide "),  and  Genoa, 
1822-23.  Re-appeared  in  London,  Covent 
Garden,  November  19,  1823,  and  at  other 
theatres  till  1830.  Sang  in  America,  and 
appeared  in  opera,  1830,  and  retired  soon 
after.  He  died  at  INIargate,  September  23, 
1857.  Sinclair  was  one  of  the  most  popular 
singers  of  his  day,  and  was  the  creator  of  the 
tenor  roles  in  Bishop's  "  Guy  Mannering," 
"The  Slave,"  "Noble  Outlaw,"  and  Davy's 
"  Roy  Roy."  He  composed  the  well-known 
songs  "  Beneath  the  wave,"  "  Betty  Sands," 
"  Dunbarton's  bonnie  dell,"  "  Hey  the  bonnie 
breast-knots"  [1828],  "  The  Mountain  Maid" 
[1830],  "Come  sit  thee  down,"  "Johnnie 
Sands"  [1830] ,  and  others  in  the  Scots  style. 


376 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SINKINS. 

Sinkins,  Farley,  bass  vocalist,  sometime 
lay-vicar  of  Exeter  Cathedral.  Gave  subscrip- 
tion concerts  at  Exeter  up  to  1888 ;  and 
orchestral  concerts  at  St.  James'  Hall,  Lon- 
don, 1891,  introducing  eminent  artists  for  the 
first  time  in  London. 

Sivewright,  John,  musician,  vpho  was 
well-known  in  the  north-east  of  Scotland  as 
an  itinerating  teacher  of  psalmody.  He  held 
the  office  of  i^recentor  in  the  Parish  Church 
of  Old  Meldrum  till  1835,  and  died  there 
about  1846,  a  very  old  man.  He  travelled  all 
over  the  counties  of  Aberdeen,  Banff,  and 
Kincardine  as  a  teacher  of  church  choirs. 
He  published  "  A  Collection  of  Psalm  Tunes, 
Hymns  and  Anthems,  in  three  parts,  by  John 
Sivewright,  teacher  of  music.  Old  Deer.  The 
4th  edition  ...  Edinburgh,  printed  for  the 
author ..."  n.d.  In  the  5th  edition,  Edin- 
burgh about  1815,  he  describes  himself  as 
"  teaclier  of  music,  Turriff "  ;  and  in  yet 
another  he  figures  as  "  teacher  of  music, 
Fordoun."  It  is  therefore  probable  he  had  an 
edition  printed  for  each  of  his  centres  of 
operations.  They  are  all  little  oblong  books  of 
about  G4  to  70  pages,  and  are  exceedingly  rare. 

Sivrai,  Jules  de,  see  Roeckel,  Mrs.  J.  L. 

Skeaf,  Joseph,  composer  and  pianist, 
born  at  Liven  ool,  November  10,  1836. 
Studied  under  George  Holden,  and  was  a 
teacher  in  Liverpool,  and  conducted  the 
Apollo  Glee  Club  there.  He  was  also  Grand 
Organist  to  the  Freemasons  of  West  Lanca- 
shire. He  died  at  Liverpool,  November  1, 
1884.  Composer  of  "  Harlech,"  a  cantata, 
Liverpool,  November  15,  1888,  published  by 
his  widow ;  soine  glees.  Pf.  pieces :  Battle 
of  Trafalgar,  The  Camp,  Fantasias,  Sabbath 
evening  chimes.     Songs,  etc. 

Skeats,  Highmore,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  organist  of  Canterbury  Cathedral. 
He  died  at  Canterbury  in  1831.  Compiler  of 
"  A  Collection  of  Songs,"  London,  1784,  and 
edited  Stephens'  Cathedral  Music,  1805. 
Also  composed  All  gracious  freedom,  glee 
[1790] ;  Cease  thy  carols,  and  Victory  of 
Fishguard,  songs. 

His  son,  Highmore  Skeats,  composer  and 
organist,  was  born  at  Canterbury,  in  1785.  He 
became  organist  of  Ely  Cathedral,  and  after- 
wards of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  in  18.30, 
and  died  at  Windsor,  February  24,  1835. 

Skeffington,  Hon.  and  Rev.  T.  C, 
author  of  a  "  Handy-Book  of  musical  art, 
with  some  practical  hints  to  students,"  Lon- 
don, 1858  ;  "  The  Flute  in  its  transition  state, 
a  review  of  its  changes  during  the  past  fifty 
years,"  London,  1862  ;  "  Oh  !  fair  and  bright 
is  the  Irish  girl,"  and  other  songs. 

Skene,  John,  of  Halyards,  a  Scottish 
collector  of  the  16th  and  17th  centuries,  who 
died  in  1644.  He  is  supposed  to  have  com- 
piled the  "  Skene  Manuscript,"  1614-1620,  a 


SLATTER. 

collection  of  vocal  and  dance  music  which 
was  edited  and  published  by  Dauney  and 
Graham  for  the  Bannatyue  Club,  in  1838. 
It  contains,  among  other  melodies,  the  fine 
old  setting  of  the  tune  usually  sung  bo  Jane 
Elliott's  version  of  the  "  Flowers  of  the 
Forest." 

Skinner,  Florence  Marian,  Mrs.  Stuart 
Stresa,  composer,  daughter  of  Alan  Skinner, 
late  Recorder  of  Windsor.  Resident  for  many 
years  in  Italy.  Her  opera,  "  Suocera,"  was 
produced  at  Naples,  April  15,  1877  ;  and  a 
second,  "  Maria  Regina  di  Scozia,"  at  San 
Remo  in  1883,  and  also  at  Turin  and  London 
the  same  year. 

Skinner,  James  Scott,  violinist  and 
composer,  born  at  Banchory,  Aberdeenshire, 
August  5, 1843.  Son  of  William  Skinner,  who 
was  known  in  the  district  as  a  good  amateur 
violinist.  He  studied  the  violin  under  Dr. 
Mark  (died  1868),  a  German  musician  of 
^Manchester,  and  has  performed  much  in 
Scotland,  Canada,  and  the  United  States. 
Composer  of  a  large  number  of  reels,  strath- 
speys, and  songs,  most  of  which  have  been 
issued  in  "  The  Miller  O'Hirn  "  ;  "  The  Logie 
Collection  of  original  music  for  voice,  violin, 
and  pf.,  comprising  songs,  slow  airs,  etc.," 
London,  1888,  and  other  collections.  Reputed 
one  of  the  best  players  of  Scottish  dance 
music. 

Slater,  Ernest,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Taunton,  1860.  Son  of  Rev.  W.  P. 
Slater,  formerly  Governor  and  Chaplain  of 
Queen's  College,  Taunton.  Educated  there, 
and  entered  R.A.M.,  studying  under  Dr. 
Steggall,  T.  A.  ]\Iatthay,  and  Harold  Thomas. 
Also  pupil  of  Sir  Julius  Benedict,  and  Dr.  D. 
J.  Wood.  Assistant  organist  of  Exeter  Cathe- 
dral, 1881.  F.R.C.O.,  1884.  Organist  of 
Lambeth  Parish  Church,  1883,  also  officiating 
occasionallj'  at  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury's 
private  chapel.  Selected  by  Sir  John  Stainer 
for  the  post  of  organist  and  choirmaster  at 
St.  John's  Cathedral,  Calcutta,  1885.  Gave 
his  first  concert  at  Calcutta,  September  7, 
1886.  Professor  of  ]Music  at  La  ^Martiniere 
College,  and  his  jDrivate  practice  has  included 
the  families  of  three  Viceroys  of  India.  Of 
his  compositions  a  festival  overture  for  orch- 
estra was  performed  at  Taunton,  1885 ;  and 
his  Jubilee  Anthem  was  sung  at  the  State 
Service  in  Calcutta  Cathedral,  1887,  a  copy 
being  accepted  by  Her  I\rajesty  the  Queen. 

Slatter,  Rev.  George  Maximilian, 
clergyman  and  composer,  born  in  1790.  He 
was  rector  of  West  Anstey,  Devon.  Died  on 
April  27, 1868.  Composer  of  "  Three  anthems, 
a  Te  Deum,  etc.,  three  psalm  tunes  and  eight 
chants,"  London  [18.54];  "Ten  Collects,  a 
set  of  chants,  etc."  [18.35] ;  "  Six  canzonets, 
a  trio,  and  a  glee  ""[1815] .  The  Watcher, 
and  other  songs. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


377 


SLATYER. 

Slatyer,  William,  musician  of  17th  cen- 
tury, issued  the  Psalms  of  David  in  four 
languages,  and  in  four  parts,  set  to  ye  Tunes 
of  our  church.  .1643. 

Slaughter,  A.  Walter,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  in  London.  Educated  at 
City  of  London  School.  Chorister,  St. 
Andrew's,  Wells  Street.  Studied  under 
Alfred  Cellier  and  -Jacobi.  Wrote  some 
ballet  music,  etc.,  for  the  South  London 
Palace  of  Varieties ;  afterwards  appointed 
conductor  at  Royalty  Theatre ;  later  at  the 
Olympic ;  Drury  Lane ;  and  St.  James's 
Theatre.  His  works  include  An  Adamless 
Eden,  1882;  Marie's  Honeymoon;  The 
Casting  Vote,  1885 ;  ^Nlusic  to  lyric  drama, 
Sappho,  Olympic,  1886 ;  Comic  opera,  Mar- 
jorie,  Prince  of  Wales'  Theatre,  July  18, 
1889;  The  Rose  and  the  Ring  (Thackeray), 
the  same,  December,  1890.  Incidental  music 
to  various  pieces.  Musical  comedy,  The 
French  Maid,  Terry's  Theatre,  April  24,  1897. 

Sloman,  Charles,  composer  and  comic 
singer,  born  about  1808 ;  died,  London,  July 
21, 1870.  Composed  "  Sacred  Strains,  hymns, 
etc."  London  [1860] .  So7igs :  Charming 
Sue,  Daughter  of  Israel,  Daughters  of  Salem, 
Maiden  of  sunny  Cachmere,  Maid  of  Judah, 
Pilgrim  of  Erin,  Promised  land,  Social 
bricks ;  a  number  of  comic  songs,  etc. 

Sloman,  Robert,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Gloucester  (1830?).  Studied  under 
Amott,  S.  S.  Wesley,  and  C.  Lucas.  Was 
private  organist  to  Earl  Powis,  1852 ;  of  the 
Parish  Church,  Welshpool ;  St.  Martin's, 
Scarborough,  1869 ;  Parish  Church,  Lower 
Norwood,  1877.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1861 ; 
Mus.  Doc,  1867,  Oxford.  He  composed  a 
Cantata,  "  Supplication  and  Praise,"  which 
has  been  performed  several  times ;  and  a 
second,  "  Constantin,"  not  produced  until 
February,  1896,  some  months  after  his  death. 
He  also  composed  songs,  part-songs,  pf. 
pieces,  etc.  For  some  years  he  contributed 
to  the  Musical  Standard  notices  of  the 
Crystal  Palace  Concerts.  He  died  at  West 
Norwood,  July  2,  1895,  aged  65. 

Sloper,  Edward  Hugh  Lindsay,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  at  London,  June  14, 
1826.  He  studied  under  Moscheles ;  at 
Frankfort  under  A.  Schmitt ;  at  Heidelberg 
under  Vollweiler ;  and  at  Paris  under  Rousse- 
lot,  1841-46.  Appeared  in  London  at  Musical 
Union,  1846.  Played  at  a  Philharmonic 
Concert,  May  6,  1850.  Lectured  on  ^lusic  in 
England,  at  Alexandra  Palace,  in  May,  1876. 
Teacher  and  pianist  in  London.  He  died  at 
London,  July  3,  1887. 

Works. — Op.  1,  Czartorvska,  3  mazurkas, 
pf.  [1846^  ;  Op.  2,  Henriette,  valse,  pf.  ;  Op.  3, 
24  studies,  pf.  ;  Op  4,  caprice,  pf. ;  Op.  6, 
capriccio,  pf. ;  Op.  7,  serenade,  pf. ;  Op.  8,  six 
songs  ;  Op.  9,  grand  duet ;  Op.  11,  Tarantella  ; 


SMART. 

Op.  12,  serenade  and  canzonette,  pf. ;  Op.  13, 
twelve  studies,  pf.  ;  Sonata  for  pf .  and  violin  ; 
Op.  15,  Pensee  fugitive,  pf. ;  Op.  .39,  ballad 
fantasia  [1867]  ;  Op.  42,  By  the  lake,  pf . ; 
Transcriptions  and  arrangements  for  pf. ; 
Suite  for  orchestra,  Brighton  Festival,  1879 ; 
Duo,  for  two  pfs.,  in  E  minor  [1847].  Scena, 
Joan  of  Arc  in  prison  (by  Chorley),  1853. 
Sonqs  :  Fairy's  reproach  ;  John  O'Grady  ; 
Medora ;  Prentice  lad  ;  Rover's  adieu  ;  Siesta; 
Violet,  etc.  Pianoforte  instructions,  exercises 
and  lessons,  London  [1854]  ;  Technical  guide 
to  touch,  fingering,  and  execution,  London, 
1877.  Tutor  and  technical  guide  for  the  pf. 
Editions  of  "pf.  works  of  eminent  composers. 

5mallwood,  William,  pianist,  organist, 

and  composer,  born  at  Kendal,  December  31, 

1831.    Studied  under  Dr.  Camidge  and  Henry 

Phillips,   and   has  been  organist  of   Kendal 

Parish  Church  from  1847.     Composer  of  an 

immense  number  of  pf.  pieces,  chiefly  for  use 

i  in  teaching,  such  as  Home  Treasures  ;  Flowers 

j  of  ]Melody  ;  Youthful  Pleasures,  etc. ;  also  of 

!  anthems,  hymns,    and   songs.     Author   of   a 

i  Pianoforte  Tutor  that  has  had  a  large  cir- 

'  culation.     Another    musician    of   the   name, 

F.  W.  Sjiallwood,  was  appointed  organist 

I  to  the  Earl  of  Breadalbane,  Taymouth  Castle, 

in  1885 ;  and  in  1890,  organist  of  the  Town 

Hall,  Alloa,  N.B. 

Smart,  Christopher,  writer,  who  died 
on  May  18,  1770.  He  published  a  "Col- 
lection  of  Melodies  for  the  Psalms  of  David, 
according  to  the  version  of  Christopher  Smart, 
A. INI.  By  the  most  eminent  composers  of 
church  music,"  London,  Walsh,  1765. 

Smart,  Sir  George  Thomas,  conductor 
and  teacher,  born  at  London,  May  10,  1776. 
He  was  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel  Royal  under 
Ayrton,  and  studied  the  organ  under  Dupuis, 
and  composition  under  Arnold.  Organist  of 
St.  James'  Chapel,  Hampstead  Road,  London. 
Knighted  at  Dublin  by  Lord  Lieutenant, 
after  conducting  a  successful  series  of  concerts. 
1811.  Original  member  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society,  1813.  Conductor  of  concerts  of  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  1818-44.  Conductor  of  the 
Lenten  oratorios.  One  of  the  organists  of 
the  Chapel  Royal,  1822.  Connected  with 
Weber,  who  died  at  his  house  in  1826.  Con- 
ducted Mendelssohn's  "St.  Paul,"  at  Liverpool 
in  1836.  Composer  to  the  Chapel  Royal,  1838. 
Conducted  all  the  principal  provincial  festivals 
of  his  time,  aiad  arranged  and  conducted  the 
music  at  the  coronations  of  William  IV.  and 
Victoria.  He  died  at  Bedford  Square,  Lon- 
don, February  28,  1867.  One  of  the  greatest 
English  conductors.  He  was  a  successful 
vocal  teacher,  and  gave  instruction  to  Jenny 
Lind  and  Sontag. 

Works. — A  collection  of  glees  and  canons, 

London  [186.3] ;  Collection  of  sacred  music,  2 

]  vols.;  Three  sonatinas  for  pf.  [1800];  .\n  acrostic 


878 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SMART. 

elegy  on... Viscount  Horatio  Nelson  [1805]; 
The  Qiolus  Frigate,  a  favourite  dance  as  per- 
formed at  Weymouth,  1804.  Glees :  Merry 
Gypsies,  Peace  at  home.  Sighs,  Squirrel, 
Butterfly's  Ball  (cauzonnettina).  Garland,  The 
Wreck  (on  the  loss  of  the  Forfarshire),  1839, 
etc.  He  edited  Gibbons'  "  First  set  of 
Madrigals,"  for  the  Musical  Antiquarian 
Society,  1841  ;  works  by  Beethoven,  etc. 

Smart,  Henry,  violinist,  was  born  at 
London  in  1778.  Brother  of  Sir  George  Smart. 
He  studied  under  W.  Cramer,  and  became 
leader  in  various  theatre  orchestras,  the  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  English  Opera  House,  etc. 
He  became  parr-proprietor  of  a  brewery,  which 
did  not  succeed,  and  afterwards  established  a 
pianoforte  manufactory.  He  died  at  Dublin, 
November  23,  1823. 

Smart,  Henry,  organist  and  composer, 
son  of  above,  born  at  London,  October  26, 
1813.  He  studied  under  his  father  and  W. 
H.  Kearns,  but  was  partly  self-taught. 
Articled  to  a  solicitor.  Organist  of  Parish 
Church  of  Blackburn,  1831-36.  Organist  of 
St.  Philip's,  Eegent  Street,  London,  1836. 
Married,  Julv,  1840.  Organist,  St.  Luke's, 
Old  Street,  London,  1844-64  ;  of  St.  Pancras, 
Euston  Road,  1864.  His  sight  failed  him  in 
1864.  Granted  pension  of  £100  per  annum 
by  the  Government,  in  1879.  He  died  at 
London,  July  6,  1879,  and  is  buried  in  Hamp- 
stead  Cemetery,  Finchley  Road,  London. 

Works. — Operas  :  Bertha,  or  the  Gnome  of 
Hartzberg,  Haymarket  Theatre,  London,  1855  ; 
Undine  (unfinished)  ;  Surrender  of  Calais,  by 
Planche  (unfinished).  Cantatas  :  The  Bride 
of  Dunkerron,  Birmingham  Festival,  1864  ; 
King  Rent's  Daughter  (by  F.  Enoch),  1871 ; 
The  Fishermaidens,  1871 ;  Jacob,  sacred, 
Glasgow  Choral  Union,  November  10,  1878. 
Full  ^lorning  and  P'vening  Services  in  F  and 
G,  1871.  Anthems  .•  0  God,  the  King  of  Glory ; 
Sing  to  the  Lord  ;  The  Angel  Gabriel ;  Be 
glad,  0  ye  righteous ;  The  Lord  is  my 
strength  ;  The  Lord  hath  done  great  things  ; 
Lord  thou  hast  been  our  refuge  ;  Part-Songs  : 
Ave  Maria  (1859) ;  Behold  where  laughing 
Spring  (1859) ;  Cradle  Song;  Evening  Hymn  ; 
Queen  of  the  night ;  The  shepherd's  farewell ; 
The  waves'  reproof ;  Stars  of  the  Summer 
night ;  Lady,  rise,  sweet  Morn's  awaking ; 
Six4-part  songs  (1869);  4-part  songs  composed 
for  Leslie's  choir.  'Trios  for  female  voices, 
and  many  vocal  duets.  SoJigs  :  The  Lady  of 
the  Lea  ;  Soft  and  bright  the  gems  of  night ; 
The  Spinning  Wheel ;  Near  thee,  still  near 
thee  ;  Vineta  ;  The  Lady  Isoline  ;  Autumn 
song  ;  Come  again  Spring ;  I  dream  of  thee  at 
morn  ;  Rose  of  ^lay  ;  T'he  gleaner  maiden  ; 
The  midnight  ride ;  The  talisman ;  The  fairy's 
whisper  ;  Blue  eyes  ;  Go,  whispering  breeze  ; 
Wake,  Mary,  wake  ;  Echo  of  the  lake  ;  Sir 
Roland ;    The  bird's   love  song ;    The   lark's 


SMIETON. 

song  ;  etc.  Organ :  Fifty  Preludes  and  Inter- 
ludes (1862) ;  Andantes  in  G,  A,  and  E  minor; 
Eighteen  short  easy  pieces  ;  Postludes  in  C,. 
D,  E  fiat,  etc.  ;  Twelve  short  interludes ; 
Grand  solemn  march  ;  ^larch  in  G  ;  Festive 
march  in  D  ;  Minuet  in  C  ;  Choral,  with 
variations ;  "The  Organ  Student,  12  pieces. 
Chamber  Duets  and  Trios,  by  G.  F.  Handel, 
edited  by  Smart  for  the  English  Handel 
Society,  1852.  The  Presbyterian  Hymnal, 
1877  (edited).  Report  on  Organ  of  Christ 
Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,  1878. 

Smart  was  an  authority  on  the  organ,  and  the 
very  large  and  beautiful  instruments  at  Leeds 
Town  Hall,  and  in  St.  Andrew's  Hall,  Glasgow, 
were  erected  from  his  specifications.  Some 
books  on  him  are  "  Henry  Smart :  His  Life 
and  Works,"  by  Wm.  Spark,  London,  1881, 
Svo,  with  portrait.  "Henry  Smart,"  by  W. 
D.  Seymour  [Leeds,  1881"!.  "Henry  Smart's 
Compositions  for  the  Organ,  analysed  by 
John  Broadhouse,"  London,  1880. 

His  sister,  Harriet  Anxe  Smart,  Mrs. 
Callow,  was  born  at  London,  October  20, 1817 ; 
died,  London,  June  30,  1883.  She  married 
William  Callow,  water  painter,  and  was  an 
amateur  composer  of  hymns  and  other  vocal 
music. 

Smart,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer 
of  the  18th  century,  who  was  organist  of  St. 
Clement  Danes,  London,  in  1783.  He  com- 
posed "  Five  new  songs  and  a  cantata  ;"  The 
Air  balloon  [17841  ;  Camps,  or  the  royal 
review  [1780]  ;  Cupid's  kisses  ;  Squire's 
ciiristei.ing  ;  Time  and  care,  and  many  other 
songs ;  also  some  pf.  music,  and  a  glee, 
"  Happy  fellow." 

Smethergell,  William,  organist  and 
composer,  who  flourished  in  the  latter  half 
of  last  century.  He  was  organist  of  St. 
Margaret-on-the-Hill,  Southwark,  and  of  All 
j  Hallows,  Barking.  He  composed  "  A  Treatise 
]  on  Thoroughbass,"  London,  1794,  and  "Rules 
I  for  Thoroughbass,  to  which  are  annexed  three 
sonatas  for  the  harpsichord  and  violin,"  op. 
7  [1795]  ;  Six  concertos  for  harpsichord  or 
pf.,  two  violins  and  'cello  [1785];  Six  duetts 
for  two  violins,  op.  12  [1800] ;  Six  easy  solos 
for  a  violin  [1790]  ;  Six  lessons  for  the  harpsi- 
chord or  pf.,  op.  1  ;  Six  overtures  in  eight 
parts,  and  a  Second  Sett,  op.  5.  He  also 
issued  various  adaptations  from  Jommelli 
and  other  composers,  and  a  few  songs. 

Smieton,  John  More,  composer,  born 
at  Dundee,  1857.  Pupil  of  Sir  H.  S.  Oakeley, 
Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge,  and  others.  Some  time 
engaged  in  musical  work  at  Broughty  Ferry,, 
near  Dundee.  His  compositions  comprise 
Psalm  121,  for  tenor  solo,  chorus  and  or- 
chestra. Cantatas:  Pearl;  Ariadne,  Dundee, 
1883  ;  King  Arthur,  Broughty  Ferry,  Decem- 
ber, 1889  ;  The  Song  of  the  Sower,  chorus 
and  orchestra,  prize.   National  Co-operative 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


379 


SMILES. 

Festival,  London,  1891 ;  The  Jolly  Beggars 
(Burns),  prize,  Glasgow  Select  Choir,  1893 ; 
Belinda  (composed  with  Basil  Hood),  189G; 
Corinla,  cantata ;  school  music,  etc.  ;  or- 
chestral overture ;  The  Princess  of  Thule, 
sketch  for  orchestra  ;  string  quartet,  etc. 

Smiles,  Frank,  see  Quatremaine,  Frank. 

Smith,  Alexander,  musician  of  early 
part  of  the  present  century,  issued  "  A  Col- 
lection of  Church  tunes,  hymns,  and  canons, 
in  two,  three,  and  four  parts,"  Edinburgh,  J. 
Johnson,  sculpt. ,  n.d.  Dedicated  to  the  ladies 
and  gentlemen  of  Borrowstowness  or  Bo'uess, 
where  Smith  was  a  teacher  of  music. 

Smith,  Alexander  William,  teacher  of 
singing,  was  born  at  Edinburgh  on  November 
29,  1829.  He  studied  under  Bucher,  Ran- 
degger,  Schira,  and  under  Romano  at 
Florence.  He  was  conductor  of  psalmody  at 
Broughton  Place  United  Presbyterian  Church, 
Edinburgh  from  1849  to  1864.  He  has  chiefly 
devoted  himself  to  the  teaching  of  singing, 
and  as  a  voice  trainer  has  been  one  of  the 
most  successfiil  in  Scotland. 

Smith,  Alfred  Montem,  tenor  vocalist, 
born  at  Windsor,  May  13,  1828,  the  old 
-"Montem"  day  at  Eton  College,  hence  his 
second  name  Brother  of  George  Townshend 
and  Samuel  Smith.  Chorister  at  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor,  and  Eton  College.  About 
1850  was,  for  a  time,  tenor  in  the  Choir  of 
St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street,  London.  Suc- 
ceeded J.W^  Hobbs  as  lay-vicar  at  Westminster 
Abbey ;  and  was  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel 
Royal,  St.  James's,  from  1858  to  the  time  of 
his  death.  Sang  at  the  Concerts  of  the 
Sacred  Harmonic  Society ;  for  many  years 
at  the  Three  Choirs  Festivals,  from  Hereford, 
1855;  in  the  quartets  in  "Elijah,"  Birming- 
ham, 1858-61,  etc.  Member  of  the  London 
Glee  and  Madrigal  Union ;  a  fine  ballad 
singer,  and  popular  lecturer.  Professor  of 
singing  at  R.A.M.,  and  Guildhall  School  of 
Music.  He  died  in  London,  May  2,  1891. 
His  compositions  consisted  of  songs  and 
glees ;  one  of  the  latter,  "  At  the  dawn  of 
Life's  day,"  was  awarded  the  prize  of  the 
Noblemen's  Catch  Club,  1881.  He  married 
Miss  Elizabeth  Stroud,  daughter  of  Henry 
Chaplin  (q.v.),  a  soprano  vocalist,  now  a  pro- 
fessor at  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music. 

Smith,  Alice  Mary,  Mrs.  Meadows 
White,  composer,  born  at  London,  IMay  19, 
1839.  She  was  a  pupil  of  Sir  W.  Sterndale 
Bennett  and  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren.  In  1867 
she  was  married  to  l\Ir.  Frederick  ^Meadows 
White,  Q.C.,  now  a  judge  of  the  County  of 
Middlesex,  and  in  the  same  year  she  was 
elected  an  associate  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society.  She  died  at  London,  December  4, 
1884. 

Works.  —  Cantatas  :  Riidesheim ,  Cam- 
bridge, 1865 ;    Ode  to  the  North-east  wind, 


SMITH. 

London,  1880;  The  Passions,  ode  by  Collins, 
Hereford,  1882;  Song  of  the  Little  Baltung 
(Kiugsley),  1883;  The  Red  King  (Kingsley). 
Symphony  in  C  minor,  1863.  Endymion, 
overture,  1864  (re-written  for  Crystal  Palace, 
1871) ;  Lalla  Rookh,  overture,  1865 ;  Masque 
of  Pandora,  overture,  1878 ;  Jason,  or  the 
Argonauts  and  Sirens,  overture,  1879.  Quar- 
tets for  pf.  and  strings:  B  flat,  1861 ;  D  1864. 
Quartets  for  strings  in  D,  1862  and  1870, 
Concerto  for  clarinet  and  orchestra,  1872. 
Introduction  and  allegro,  for  pf.  and  orchestra, 
1865.  Two  intermezzi  from  "  The  Masque  of 
Pandora,  1879.     Part-songs,  songs,  etc. 

Smith,  Arthur  Francis,  organist,  pian- 
ist, and  conductor.  Articled  pupil  of  Edward 
Chadfield  (q.v.),  he  was  joint  founder  and 
director  of  the  Derby  School  of  Music,  work 
in  connection  with  which  he  still  carries  on. 
F.C.O.,  1874;  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1883. 
Organist  at  Tickenhall,  1869  ;  St.  Werburgh's, 
Derbj',  '  872  to  present  time.  Conductor, 
Derby  Archidiaconal  Choral  Association;  and 
Derby  Orpheus  and  Madrigal  Society.  An 
early  member  of  the  Incorporated  Society  of 
Musicians,  he  has  done  valuable  work  for  it, 
and  is  editor  of  its  Monthhj  Jotcrnal.  Exam- 
iner for  that  Society,  and  local  representative 
of  R.A.M.  and  R.O.M.  He  has  composed  a 
setting  of  Ps.  103 ;  and  has  published  songs 
and  pf.  pieces. 

Smith,  B.,  musician  of  early  part  of  last 
century,  published  the  Psalm  Singer's  ^laga- 
zine,  1729;  Harmonious  Companion,  or  the 
psalm  singer's  magazine,"  1732. 

Smith,  Boyton,  pianist  and  composer, 
born  at  Dorchester,  February  23,  1837. 
Brother  of  E.  Sydney  Smith.  Educjted  at 
Hereford  and  Winchester  Cathedrals,  under 
Dr.  S.  S.  Wesley.  Organist  of  Dorchester 
Parish  Church.  He  has  composed  Church 
Services  in  D,  E  flat,  F,  and  G ;  Anthems, 
songs,  etc.  Organ  pieces  for  church  use,  six 
sets ;  Allegretto  grazioso  in  A  ;  Andante  con 
moto,  etc.  Also  many  pf.  pieces  of  a  popular 
kind,  such  as  Echo  of  the  waves;  Nightingale 
and  Zephyr  ;  Dew  pearls  ;  Woodland  echoes; 
Song  of  the  sylph  ;  La  fee  coquette,  op.  64  ; 
Sur  le  lac  ;  and  numerous  transcriptions. 

Smith,  Charles,  composer  and  bass 
vocalist,  born  at  London  in  1786.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  the  Chapel  Royal  under  Ayrton, 
and  studied  also  under  Costellow  and  John 
Ashley.  From  1799  he  sang  as  a  soprano  at 
Ranelagh  and  in  Scotland,  till  his  voice  broke 
in  1803.  He  then  became  organist  of  Croydon 
Church,  and  afterwards  of  Welbeck  Chapel 
in  1807.  In  1813  he  sang  in  oratorio  as  a 
bass.  He  was  married  to  a  Miss  Both,  of 
Norwich,  and  resided  in  Liverpool  from  1816. 
He  died  at  Crediton,  Devon,  November  22, 
1856. 

Works. — Music  to  Dramas :    Yes  or  No, 


380 


BKITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


SMITH. 

1809 ;  Hit  or  miss,  1810  ;  Anything  new  ; 
Knapschou,  or  the  forest  fiend,  Lyceum, 
1830.  Glees  ;  Songs  and  canzonets  :  Battle 
of  Hoheulinden  ;  Far  o'er  the  sea  ;  Sea  boy's 
dream.  Fantasias  for  harpsichord  or  pf. 
Ancient  Psalmody  from  the  publications  of 
T.  Est,  Ravenscroft,  Morley,  etc.,  arranged 
for  2.  3,  and  4  voices,  Loudon  [1844] . 

Smith,  Clement,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Richmond,  Surrey,  in  1760.  He 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1791,  and  Mus.  Doc, 
Oxford,  in  1800.  Teacher  at  Richmond, 
where  he  died,  November  16,  1826.  He  com- 
posed church  music,  glees,  and  songs.  Sonata 
cappriciosa  for  pf.  or  laarpsichord  [1790] . 
Duets  for  pf.,  etc. 

Smith,  David,  musician  and  teacher  in 
Staffordshire.  Compiler  of  "  The  Sacred  Har- 
monist, or  leader's  guide,  being  a  new  selec- 
tion of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes.."  London, 
1833,  2  vols.  He  also  edited  the  1811  edition 
of  Thomas  Walker's  Companion  to  Rippon's 
Tune  Book. 

Smith,  Edward  Sydney,  pianist  and 
comjjoser  (brother  of  Boytou  Smith),  born  at 
Dorchester,  July  14,  1839.  He  studied  at 
Leipzig  Conservatorium,  under  Moscheles, 
Plaidy,  Hauptmann,  Richter,  Papperitz,  and 
Reitz.  from  1855.  Settled  in  London  as 
pianist  and  composer,  1859.  He  died  at 
London,  ]March  3,  1889. 

WoKKS. — Pianoforte:  Arcadia;  Barcarolle; 
Bolero;  Chant desoiseaux;  Chant  der  Savoy- 
ard ;  Coquetterie  ;  Dause  Napolitaine  ;  Etudes 
de  concert;  Eventide;  Fairy  realms;  Fairy 
whispers  :  Fandango  ;  Fete  champetre  ;  Fete 
Hongroise ;  Fete  militaire ;  Gavotte ;  La 
harpe  Eolienne  ;  Lejetd'eau;  Les  trompettes 
de  la  guerre ;  IMarche  Hongroise ;  Maypole 
dance;  Pas  de  sabots;  Reveangelique  ;  Rhap- 
sodic ;  Saltarello  ;  Tarantelles  ;  The  spinning 
wheel ;  Titania  ;  Tyrolienne  ;  Fantasias  on 
operas,  and  transcriptions,  numerous. 

Smith,  Rev.  George,  author  of  "  Church 
Music,  two  lectures,"  London,  1860. 

Smith,  George  Montague,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Norwich,  July,  1843. 
Organist,  Glasgow  University,  and  conductor 
of  the  University  Choral  Society.  Organist 
of  St.  Silas'  Episcopal  Church ;  Coats'  Mem- 
orial Church,  Paisley.  Local  examiner  in 
music,  Glasgow  University  ;  Professor  of  har- 
mony. Queen  Margaret's  College,  Glasgow. 
Composer  of  cantatas.  Blessed  is  the  man  ; 
and  Psalm  137 ;  an  opera.  The  Killabag 
Shootings;  Festival  setting  of,  Te  Deum ; 
Songs,  part-songs,  etc.  Also  Concert  overture 
in  E  flat,  Gloucester  Festival,  1877  ;  Bourree, 
orchestra,  Glasgow,  1887,  etc. 

Smith,  George  Townshend,  organist 
and  composer  (brother  of  Alfred  Montem  and 
Samuel  Smith),  born  at  Windsor,  November 
14,   1813.     Sou  of  Edward  Woodley  Smith, 


SMITH. 

lay-clerk  of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor, 
He  was  a  chorister  in  St.  George's  Chapel, 
Windsor,  under  Highmore  Skeats,  and  he 
also  studied  music  under  S.  Wesley.  Organist 
successively  of  the  old  Parish  Church,  East- 
bourne; of  St.  Margaret's,  Lyun  ;  of  Hereford 
Cathedral,  1843.  He  acted  as  conductor  and 
honorary  secretary  of  the  Three  Choirs  Fes- 
tivals. Died  at  Hereford,  August  3,  1877. 
He  composed  anthems,  songs,  and  other  vocal 
music,  also  quadrilles  and  other  light  music 
for  the  pf. 

Smith,  Isaac,  composer,  was  born  about 

the  middle  of  the  18th  century.     He  was  clerk 

of  Alie  Street  Meeting  House,  London.     He 

died  at  Loudon,  about  1800.     Published  "  A 

Collection  of  Psalm  Tunes   in  Three  Parts, 

j  adapted  to    each   measure   as   now   sung   in 

I  several  churches,  chapels,  and  meeting-houses 

in  and  about  London  "...London  [1770];  5th 

'  edition,  by  S.  Major,  1788.     The  well-known 

:  tune  "  Irish"  appears  in  this  collection,  and 

j  has  been  attributed  to  Smith. 

Smith,  J.  Whitehead,  organist,  pianist, 
I  and  violinist,  born  at  Wells,  Somersetshire, 
1827  ?  Took  lessons  of  a  Mr.  Dix,  and  of  Mr. 
Angel.  Entered  the  R.A.M.,  1843,  and  dis- 
tinguished himself  as  a  pianist  at  the  Academy 
concerts,  and  played  the  violin  in  the  students' 
orchestra.  A.R.A.M.,  and  F.R.A.M.  Assist- 
ant organist,  St.  Mary's,  Paddington  Green  ; 
librarian  and  organist,  Marlborough  College  ; 
and  for  more  than  thirty  years  organist  of  Wim- 
boriie  IMinster.     Local  examiner  for  R.C.M. 

Smith,  John,  organist  and  composer,  bom 
at  Cambridge  in  1795.  Stipendiary  choirman 
of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,  1815. 
Vicar-choral  of  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  1816. 
Organist  of  the  Chapel,  Dublin  Castle,  1833- 
35.  Professor  of  Music  in  the  University  of 
Dublin.  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin.  He  died  near 
Dublin,  November  12,  1861. 

Works. — The  Revelation,  oratorio  ;  Cathe- 
dral Music,  in  vocal  score,  with  organ  or 
pf.  accompaniment  [1837] ;  Lyra  Masonica, 
collection  of  masonic  songs,  London,  1847  ; 
Selection  of  Mr.  Kelly's  Hymns  on  various 
passages  of  Scripture,  Dublin  [1850];  Seventy 
of  the  Psalms  of  David . .  the  rausic  by  the 
best  composers.  .Dublin  [18-35].  He  also 
edited  Wej'man's  Melodia  Sacra.  Glees : 
Christmas  Morning,  Isles  of  Greece,  King 
Alfred's  hymn,  etc.  Songs:  Absent,  Fairy 
gold,  Rememb'rest  thou.  Volunteer's  song, 
etc.  Treatise  on  the  theory  and  practice  of 
Music,  with  the  principles  of  harmony  and 
composition,  Dublin,  18.53,  2  vols. ;  Irish  Min- 
strelsy, a  selection  of  original  melodies  of 
Erin,  with  characteristic  words  by  Edward 
Fitzsimons  ;  symphonies  by  J.  Smith,  Dublin 
1814.  His  son,  J.  S.  Smith,  succeeded  him 
as  organist  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  Dublin  Castle, 
in  1835. 


BF.ITISH    MUSICAL    HIOGEAPHY. 


381 


SMITH. 

Smith,  John  Stafford,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Gloucester  about  Marcb, 
1750.  He  was  the  son  of  Martin  Smith,  or- 
ganist of  Gloucester  Cathedral  from  1743  to 
1782.  He  studied  music  under  his  father 
and  Dr.  Boyce,  and  became  a  gentleman 
of  the  Chapel  Eoyal  in  1784.  In  1795,  he 
was  made  lay-vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey,  I 
and  in  1802,  he  succeeded  Dr.  Arnold  as  ] 
organist  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  From  1805  to 
1817,  he  held  the  position  of  master  of  the 
children  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  He  died  at 
London,  September  21,  1836. 

Works.—  Anthems,  composed  for  the  choir 
service  of  the  Church  of  England,  London, 
n.d.  Twelve  chants,  composed  for  the  use  of 
the  choirs  of  the  Church  of  England,  London,  [ 
n.d.  Collection  of  songs  of  various  kinds  for 
different  voices,  London,  1785.  Collection  of 
gleesfor3,4,5,and6voices,London,n.d.  With 
some  of  these  he  gained  prizes  between  1773 
and  1780.  Edited  :  Musica  Antiqua,  a  selec- 
tion of  music  of  this  and  other  countries,  from  ; 
the  commencement  of  the  twelfth  to  the 
beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century,  com- 
prising some  of  the  earliest  and  most  curious 
motettes,  madrigals,  etc.,  London,  1812,  2 
vols.  ;  Collection  of  English  songs,  in  score, 
for  8  and  4  voices,  composed  about  the  year 
1500,  taken  from  MSS.  of  the  same  age, 
London,  1779.  Smith  aided  Hawkins  with 
his  "  History  of  Music." 

Smith,  Joseph,  organist,  composer,  and 
conductor,  born  at  Dudley,  Worcestershire, 
1856,  of  Irish  parents.  Educated  on  the 
Continent,  and  chiefly  self-taught  in  music. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac.  1880,  Mus.  Doc.  1881, 
Dublin.  Began  his  career  at  seventeen  as 
organist  of  a  church  at  Galway.  In  1877 
appointed  to  Limerick  Cathedral,  where  he 
remained  till  1882,  founding  a  choral  society 
and  giving  concerts.  Went  to  Dublin  in 
1882  as  organist  of  the  church  of  the  Three 
Patrons,  Rathgar,  and  professor  of  music  at 
the  Convent  school  of  the  Sacr^  Cceur  at 
Mount  Annville,  holding  both  appointments 
to  present  time.  In  1883  he  was  appointed, 
in  conjunction  with  Sir  R.  P.  Stewart,  pro- 
fessor of  music  in  the  Royal  University  of 
Ireland.  Musical  director,  Dublin  Artizans' 
Exhibition,  1885 ;  conductor  of  Dublin 
Musical  Society  from  1889.  His  works  in- 
clude three  masses  ;  a  cantata,  "  St.  Kevin," 
produced  at  Hereford  Festival,  1885 ;  an 
Inaugural  Ode,  for  the  Dublin  exhibition 
just  named  ;  motet,  God  be  merciful,  prize. 
National  Welsh  Eisteddfod,  1880 ;  anthems, 
part-songs,  etc  ;  Triumphal  march,  orchestra, 
1885.  Editor  of  Catholic  Choir  Music,  Pohl- 
mann,  Dublin,  1891.  Compiler  of  a  Catholic 
Hymn-book,  with  tunes. 

Smith,  Laura  Alexandrine,  author  of 
"  Music  of  the  Waters,  a  collection  of  the 


SMITH. 

Sailors'  Chanties,  or  working  songs  of  the 
sea  of  all  maritime  nations,  Boatmen's, 
Fishermen's,  and  Rowing  Songs  and  Water 
Legends,"  London,  Kegan  Paul,  1888.  She 
is  also  the  composer  of  some  songs.  My 
Castle  in  Spain,  etc. 

Smith,  Robert,  writer,  was  born  at 
Cambridge,  in  1689.  He  was  Plumian  Pro- 
fessor of  Astronomy  at  Cambridge,  and  be- 
came Master  of  Trinity  College  in  1742.  He 
died  at  Cambridge  in  1768.  He  wrote 
"  Harmonics,  or  the  philosophy  of  musical 
sounds,"  Cambridge,  1749  ;  2nd  edition,  en- 
larged, London,  1759.  A  Postscript  upon 
the  changeable  harpsichord,  a  perfect  in- 
strument, London,  1762. 

Smith,  Robert  Archibald,  composer, 
born  at  Reading,  Berks.,  November  16,  1780. 
Son  of  Robert  Smith,  silk  weaver,  a  native 
of  East  Kilbride,  who  settled  at  Reading  in 
1774,  during  a  heavy  depression  of  trade  in 
Paisley.  He  very  early  gave  indications  of 
his  possession  of  musical  ability,  but  was 
apprenticed  to  the  weaving  trade,  which  he 
followed  in  Reading,  and  in  Paisley,  from 
1800,  where  he  became  intimate  with  Tanna- 
hill,  Motherwell,  etc.  He  married  Mary 
MacNicol  in  1802.  Teacher  of  music,  and 
precentor  in  the  Abbey  Church,  Paisley, 
1807.  Musical  director  of  S.  George's,  Edin- 
burgh, August,  1823.  He  died  at  Edinburgh, 
January  3,  1829,  and  is  buried  in  S.  Cuth- 
bert's  churchyard. 

Works. — The  Scotish  Minstrel,  a  selec- 
tion from  the  vocal  melodies  of  Scotland, 
ancient  and  modern,  arranged  for  the  piano- 
forte, Edinburgh  [c.  1821-24],  6  vols.  The 
Irish  minstrel,  a  selection  from  the  vocal 
melodies  of  Ireland,  ancient  and  modern, 
Edinburgh,  n.d.  [1825].  Flowers  of  Scottish 
Song,  Glasgow,  n.d.  Select  Melodies,  with 
appropriate  words,  chiefly  original,  collected 
and  arranged  with  symphonies  and  accom- 
paniments for  the  pianoforte,  Edinburgh, 
n.d.  [1827.]  Devotional  Music,  original  and 
selected,  arranged  mostly  in  four  parts,  with 
a  Thorough  bass  for  the  Organ  or  Pianoforte, 
1810  ;  New  edition  by  John  Turnbull,  Glas- 
gow, n.d.  Anthems  in  four  vocal  parts,  with 
an  accompaniment  for  the  Organ  or  Piano- 
forte  1819.      Sacred    Harmony,    for    the 

use  of  S.  George's  Church,  Edinburgh,  being 

a  collection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes 

Edinburgh  [1820]  (with  Rev.  A.  Thomson) ; 
other  editions,  and  a  modern  one  edited  by 
Jas.  S.  Geikie,  Edinburgh,  n.d.  Sacred 
Music,  consisting  of  the  tunes,  sanctuses, 
doxologies,  thanksgivings,  etc.,  sung  in  St. 
George's,  Church,  Edinburgh,  Edinburgh, 
1825.  Edinburgh  Sacred  Harmony  for  the 
use  of  churclies  and  families,  arranged  for 
four  voices,  Edinburgh,  1829,  2  vols.  The 
Sacred  Harmony  of  the  Church  of  Scotland, 


3H2 


BKITISH    MUSICAL   mOGKAPHY. 


SMITH. 

n.d.  [1828].  So)u/s:  Jessie,  the  Flow'r  o' 
Dunblane  (1808);  Bonnie  Mary  Hay;  0 
wha's  at  the  window'?;  The  lass  o'  Arran- 
teenie ;  The  Harper  of  Mull  ;  Loudon's 
bonnie  woods  and  braes  ;  On  wi'  the  tartan  ; 
Maid  of  the  sea ;  Highlander's  farewell ; 
The  willow.  Duets :  Row  weel,  my  boatie, 
row  weel  ;  etc.  Psalm  tunes :  Morveu,  St. 
Mirren,  Invocation,  St.  Lawrence,  Kelburn, 
Selnia.  Paisley  Abbey,  and  many  others,  all 
published  in  his  collections.  Anthems:  How 
beautiful  upon  the  mountains  ;  The  earth  is 
the  Lord's  ;  etc.  An  Introduction  to  Singing, 
comprising  various  examples,  with  scales, 
exercises,  and  songs,  etc.,  Edinburgh  [1826]. 

Smith  was  one  of  the  best  musicians  whom 
Scotland  produced  in  the  first  part  of  this 
century.  His  works  are  now  as  much  used 
as  ever  they  were,  and  his  songs  and  psalms  , 
are  in  constant  use  in  Scotland.  He  com-  i 
posed  many  fine  Scottish  melodies,  and  did 
not  scruple  occasionally  to  pass  a  number  of 
them  off  as  antiques.  He  performed  on  the 
viola  and  violoncello,  and  played  the  former 
instrument  at  the  Glasgow  Musical  Festival 
of  1821.  His  violoncello,  together  with  some 
manuscripts,  is  preserved  in  the  Public 
jMuseum  of  Paisley. 

Smith,  Samuel,  musician  and  promoter 
of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa,  was  born  in  1806.  He 
was  a  pioneer  in  the  movement  for  promoting 
the  chanting  of  psalms  in  nonconformist 
churches.  He  identified  himself  with  musical 
affairs  in  Bradford,  and  was  the  chief  founder 
of  St.  George's  Hall  and  the  Bradford  Festival 
Choral  Society.  He  died  at  Bradford,  July  5, 
1873. 

Smith,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Eton,  August  29,  1821.  Son  of 
Edward  Woodley  Smith,  and  brother  of  Alfred 
Montem  and  George  Townshend  Smith. 
Studied  in  Chapel  Royal  under  Hawes,  and 
also  under  Sir  Geo.  J.  Elvey.  Organist  suc- 
cessively at  Hayes,  Eton,  and  Egham ; 
Trinity  Church,  Windsor,  1858-61  ;  Parish 
Church,  Windsor,  1861.  Composer  of  Psalms 
and  chants,"  London  [1860] ;  "  Selection  of 
chants  and  responses  used  at  the  Parish 
Church.  .Windsor,"  Windsor  [1865],  privately 
printed.  Psalms,  hymns,  and  anthems 
[1870].     Songs,  etc. 

Smith,  T.  G.,  musician,  issued  "Original 
Maltese  melodies,  selected  and  purchased  at 
Malta,"  London  [1812] ;  also  [1825]. 

Smith,  T.  R.,  author  of  "The  Violon- 
cello Preceptor,  containing  the  rudiments  of 
music,  with  scales,"  London,  n.d. 

Smith,  Theodore,  composer  and  pianist 
of  latter  half  of  the  18th  and  early  part  of 
19th  centuries.  Composer  of  Six  Sonatas  for 
harpsichord,  op.  5  [1770] ;  Six  Sonatas,  op.  6 
[1780]  ;  Three  Sonatas  and  a  favorite  march, 
for  pf .  or  harpsichord  [1790] ;   Three  Sonatas 


SMITH. 

and  an  overture;  Three  Sonatas,  pf.,  op.  36; 
Sacro  Divertimento.  .London  [1810].  Songs, 
Welsh  harper,  etc. 

Smith,  Thomas,  organist  composer,  and 
didactic  writer,  born  at  Arnold,  Nottingham, 
February  20,  1832.  Studied  pf.  under  Henry 
Farmer,  and  organ  under  Charles  Noble.  At 
the  age  of  fifteen  he  was  organist  of  St. 
Stephen's,  Snentou,  Nottingham,  of  St.  John's, 
Bury  St.  Edmunds,  1873,  and  since  1880  at 
Hozzinger,  the  seat  of  the  Marquis  of  Bristol. 
Composer  of  0  worship  the  Lord ;  Thou 
crownest  the  year ;  and  other  popular  anthems. 
Author  of  "  A  Concise  and  practical  explana- 
tion of  the  rules  of  simple  Harmony  and 
Thorough  Bass,"  London,  n.d.;  Short  practical 
method  for  teaching  Singing,  etc.,  London,  n.d. 

Smith,  Thomas  Roylands,  Diocesan 
,  choirmaster  and  organist,  born  at  Highgate, 
^Middlesex,  October  28,  1847.  Studied  under 
Joseph  Thomas  Cooper,  and  Scotson  Clark. 
Held  the  appointment  of  Music  blaster  at 
Abingdon  Grammar  School,  but  has  now  been 
for  many  years  resident  in  Torquay.  He  was 
organist  of  St.  John's,  and  St.  Mary's,  Torquay, 
resigning  the  former  in  1870,  and  the  latter  in 
1892.  His  principal  work  has  been  the  pro- 
motion and  improvement  of  Church  music. 
Since  1875  he  has  been  conductor  of  the 
Plympton  Deanery  Choral  Union,  and  Exeter 
Diocesan  Choirmaster,  from  1886.  In  these 
capacities  he  has  conducted  as  many  as  twelve 
choral  festivals  in  the  year,  in  which  about 
8,000  singers  take  part,  including  one  in  Exeter 
Cathedral.  As  a  teacher  he  has  been  very 
successful,  and  in  choral  music  his  societies 
at  Chudleigh,  Teignmouth,  and  Torquay,  have 
done  good  work.  He  has  puljlished  a  Te 
Deum,  Pater  Noster,  and  five  Evening  Services 
to  various  forms  of  the  Gregorian  and  Ambro- 
sian  melodies ;  and  has  contributed  many 
articles  on  church  and  choral  music  to  differ- 
ent papers. 

Smith,  Thomas  Sydney,  composer  and 
organist  of  the  present  time.  Deputy  organist 
and  choirmaster,  St.  George's  Cathedral, 
Southwark,  and  organist  of  St.  Mary's  South 
Kejisington,  London.  Author  of  "  Vade 
Mecum,  a  practical  hand-book  for  the  pf.," 
Loudon  [1879]  ;  New  Scale  Practice  for  the 
pf.  [1882]  ;  lanthe  and  Haidee,  two  melodies 
for  -pi.,  op.  1  [1884J.  Sacred  music,  songs, 
and  pf.  music. 

Smith,  Valentine,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at 
Barnard  Castle,  Durham.  Sang  for  some 
time  under  the  name  of  Signor  Fabrini. 
Joined  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company  in  1885, 
after  a  successful  operatic  career  in  America. 
In  1889  he  organized  an  opera  company,  which 
opened  in  London.  The  next  year  the  com- 
panj'  met  with  success  at  Hamburg  and  other 
places.  He  brought  out  an  Engli.sh  version 
of  Adolphe  Adam's  "  Si  j'etais  Roi,"  for  the 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGIUPHY. 


383 


SMITH. 

first  time,  at  Newcastle-ou-Tvne,  February 
22,  1893. 

Smith,  Rev.  William,  Scottish  clerg>-- 
maii  and  amateur  musician,  was  born  in  1754. 
He  settled  in  New  York  in  1783,  and  died 
there,  April  6,  1821.  He  published  "  Chants 
for  publick  worship,"  1814 ;  and  "  The  Reason- 
ablness  of  setting  forth  the  praises  of  God 
according  to  the  use  of  the  primitive  church, 
with  historical  views  of  metre  psalmody,"  New 
York,  1814. 

Smith,  William,  amateur  musician,  born 
at  Chapel  of  Garioch,  Aberdeenshire,  where 
his  father  was  minister,  December  6,  1803. 
He  was  a  merchant  in  Aberdeen,  and  died  at 
Newtyle,  Forfarshire,  August  31,  1878.  He 
issued  "The  People's  Tune  Book:  a  manual 
of  Psalmody  for  Scotland.  Selected  by 
express  permission  from  the  copyright 
arrangements  of  Novello,  Horsley,  Greatorex, 
Havergal,  Jacob,  and  other  eminent  profes- 
sors."    Aberdeen,  1844. 

Smith,  William,  musician,  of  Chesham, 
issued  "Musical  Devotio!;s,  consisting  of  20 
Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes."     Chesham  [1830]. 

Another  William  Smith  edited  "Sacred 
Harmony,  containing  an  easy  introduction 
to  the  art  of  Singing  "     Dublin,  1810. 

Smith,  William  Braxton,  tenor  vocalist. 
Educated  as  an  architect,  but  gave  that  up 
for  singing.  Studied  at  the  Guildhall  School 
under  F.  Walker.  INIade  his  debut  at  the 
Crystal  Palace  Concerts,  October  20,  1888, 
with  success.  Sang  at  the  Popular  Concerts 
in  1891 ;  and  has  been  heard  in  many  parts 
of  the  country,  and  at  the  Bristol  Festival, 
1896.  Toured  with  Madame  Albani  in  Canada, 
1896-7.  Married,  in  October,  1896,  Miss 
Mabel  Bereey,  .soprano  vocalist,  who  has 
sung  with  acceptance  at  the  Popular  Concerts 
(1895),  Crystal  Palace  (1896),  and  in  various 
provincial  towns. 

Smith,  William  Seymour,  composer, 
baritone  vocalist,  and  organist,  born  at 
Marlow,  Bucks.,  August  20,  1836.  Studied 
singing  under  Balfe,  and  organ,  pf.,  and  com- 
position with  C.  E.  Horsley.  Was  organist 
of  Hampstead  Parish  Church,  some  time 
from  1862 ;  Musical  lecturer  at  the  Royal 
Polytechnic,  London.  At  present  time  Pro- 
fessor of  Singing,  R.C.M.  His  entertainment, 
"Musical  Sketches,"  was  given  in  London 
and  the  provinces  with  much  success. 

Works. —  Cantatas:  Joshua,  1887;  The 
Fairies'  Festival,  and  May  Time,  female 
voices.  The  Moon,  ode  for  female  voices. 
Songs :  The  Rovers ;  Loving  Hands ;  I  am 
thine,  etc.  Cavatina,  violin  and  pf.  Three 
Illustrations  of  Shakespeare ;  Six  pieces  in 
classic  form ;  Dorothy ;  and  other  pieces  for 
pf. ;  Andante  for  organ,  etc. 

Smyth,  Ethel  M.,  composer,  born  in 
London.     Daughter  of  General  J.  H.  Smyth, 


SOAPER. 

late  of  the  Royal  Artillery.  Studied  a  short 
time  at  the  Leipzig  Conservatorium  ;  then 
with  H.  von  Herzogenberg.  First  came  into 
notice  with  a  quintet  for  strings,  performed 
at  Leipzig,  about  January,  1884.  Then  came 
a  Sonata  in  A  minor,  op.  7,  for  pf.  and  violin, 
1887.  In  1890  two  of  her  compositions  were 
performed  at  the  Crystal  Palace ;  Serenade 
in  D,  for  orchestra,  April  26 ;  and  overture 
"Antony  and  Cleopatra,"  October  18.  Her 
most  important  work,  a  Solemn  Mass  in  D, 
was  performed  by  the  Royal  Choral  Society 
at  the  Albert  Hall,  January  18,  1893.  She 
has  also  published  sets  of  songs,  op.  3,  and  4. 

Snazelle,  George  Harry,  bass  vocalist. 
Was  a  member  of  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Com- 
pany at  the  first  season  in  London,  Princess's 
Theatre,  1875 ;  on  tour  with  the  same,  1876, 
etc.  Also  sang  in  concerts  in  the  provinces. 
Began,  as  a  single-handed  entertainer,  in 
Liverpool,  October,  1885,  and  later  visited 
other  places,  extending  the  scope  of  his  work 
by  engaging  the  assistance  of  other  vocalists. 
In  1887  he  was  selected  to  give  his  entertain- 
ment, "  ^lusic,  Soog,  and  Story,"  in  Australia 
and  New  Zealand. 

Sneddon,  James,  composer  and  teacher, 
born  near  Dunfermline.  Studied  under  J. 
Fulcher,  and  others.  Licentiate,  Tonic  Sol-fa 
College;  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1885.  Pre- 
centor of  Lauriston  Place  United  Presbyterian 
Church,  Edinburgh,  1870-86.  Teacher  of 
singing  under  Edinburgh  School  Boari. 
Compositions :  Psalm  130,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  strings ;  Bright  feet  of  May,  and  other 
part-songs.  Author  of  The  ]\Iusical  Self- 
Instructor  ;  JIusical  Training  ;  Series  of 
School  Song-books,  and  articles  in  the  "Musi- 
cal Educator,"  edited  by  John  Greig. 

Janet  C.  Sneddon,  contralto  vocalist,  has 
sung  with  acceptance  in  London,  1885  ;  Glas- 
gow, and  Edinburgh,  etc.,  from  1887. 

Snow,  J.,  organist  and  composer,  was 
organist  at  St.  John's  College,  Oxford.  Com- 
poser of  "  Variations  for  the  harpsichord  to  a 
minuet  of  Corelli's,  etc.,"  London  [1790]. 

Snow,  Valentine,  trumpet-player,  who 
was  born  about  the  beginning  of  the  18th 
century.  He  succeeded  John  Shore  as  ser- 
jeant-trumpeter  to  the  King,  in  1753.  He 
played  the  trumpet  parts  in  Handel's  ora- 
torios, which  were  specially  written  for  him. 
He  died  in  December,  1770. 

Moses  Snow,  father  of  above,  was  a  Gentle- 
man of  tlie  Chapel  Royal,  and  lay-vicar  of 
Westminster  Abbey.  He  graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Cambridge,  in  1696,  and  died  in  1700. 

Snowdon,  J.,  musician,  edited  "  The 
Euterpean,  being  a  collection  of  glees,  catches, 
canons,  etc.,"  London  [1825]. 

Soaper,  John,  composer,  born  in  1743. 
He  was  a  lay-vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey, 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  vicar- 


384 


BiUTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SOLDENE. 

choral  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  He  died  at 
London,  June  5,  1794,  aged  51,  and  is  buried 
in  the  crypt  of  St.  Paul's.  Composer  of 
psalms  and  chants. 

Soldene,  Emily,  soprano  vocalist  and 
actress,  bora  at  Islington,  Loudon.  Articled 
to  Howard  Glover.  Made  her  dtbut  at  a 
concert,  St.  James's  Hall,  in  1864;  and  in 
January,  1865,  sang  for  the  first  time  on  any 
stage  at  a  morning  concert  given  by  Howard 
Glover  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  when  she  took 
the  part  of  Azucena  in  the  second  act  of 
"  II  Trovatore."  Afterwards  sang  at  the 
Oxford  Music  Hall  as  Miss  Pitz-Henry,  also 
at  concerts  of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society, 
etc.,  and  in  the  provinces.  First  appeared  in 
comic  opera  at  the  Standard  Theatre  in  1869, 
in  the  "  Grande  Duchesse  de  G6rolstein." 
Visited  the  United  States  of  America,  1874, 
and  1876-7 ;  also  Australia  and  New  Zealand. 
Rea^Dpeared  in  London  at  the  Alhambra, 
September,  1878.  Securing  the  provincial 
rights  of  "  Carmen,"  she  produced  it  at 
Leicester,  May,  1879.  From  1880,  again 
chiefly  in  America  and  Australia.  Author  of 
"  My  Theatrical  and  Musical  Recollections," 
London,  Downey,  1897 ;  also  of  "  Young 
Mrs.  Staples,"  1896,  and  other  stories.  At 
present  time  she  is  understood  to  be  preparing, 
while  living  at  San  Francisco,  another  book 
of  reminiscences. 

Solomon,  Edward,  composer  and  con- 
ductor, born  in  1855,  of  Jewish  race.  Chiefly 
self-taught  in  music.  Conducted  comic  opera 
touring  companies,  1878,  etc.  Composer  of 
a  number  of  comic  operas  :  Billee  Taylor, 
produced  at  Imperial  Theatre,  London,  Octo- 
ber 30,  1880;  Claude  Duval,  Olympic,  August 
20,  1881 ;  Vicar  of  Bray,  Globe,  July  22, 1882  ; 
Virginia,  New  York,  January  9,  1883 ;  Poca- 
hontas, Empire,  December  26,  1884 ;  Maid 
and  Moonshiner,  New  York,  1886  ;  Pickwick, 
Comedy,  February  7,  1889  ;  The  Red  Hussar, 
Lyric,  November  23,  1889;  Nautch  Girl, 
Savoy,  June  80,  1891.  Killicrumper,  and 
other  pieces  for  German  Reed,  etc.  Also 
some  pieces  for  pf.     He  died  January  25, 1895. 

His  brotlier,  Fred  Solomon,  sang  in  Billee 
Taylor,  in  the  provinces,  1883  ;  and  is  the 
composer  of  the  comic  opera.  Captain  Kidd, 
or  the  bold  buccaneer,  produced  at  the  Prince 
of  Wales  Theatre,  Liverpool,  September  10, 
1883. 

Somerset,  Lord  Henry  Richard 
Charles,  amateur  musician,  second  son  of 
8th  Duke  of  Beaufort,  was  born  December 
7,  1849.  He  was  M.P.  for  Monmouthshire, 
1871-80,  and  comptroller  of  Her  Majesty's 
Household,  1874-79.  In  1872  he  married 
Isabella  Caroline,  daughter  of  Charles,  3rd 
Earl  Somers,  who  has  distinguished  herself  in 
the  cause  of  temperance.  Lord  Henry  Somer- 
set has  composed  anthems,  pf.  music,  polkas 


SOUTHGATE. 

for  orchestra,  and  the  following  among  other 
Songs :  Across  the  sea.  All  through  the  night. 
Along  the  sands.  Dawn,  Far  away,  First  Spring 
day.  Good-bye,  Love's  flight.  Once  more,  Song 
of  night,  Song  of  sleep,  Where'er  you  go,  etc. 

Somervell,  Arthur,  composer,  born  at 
Windermere.  Educated  at  Uppingham 
School,  and  Cambridge.  Studied  music  at 
Berlin  High  School,  and  at  R.C.M.  with  Drs. 
Stanford  and  Parry. 

Works. — Mass  in  C,  for  soli,  chorus  and 
orchestra,  produced  by  Bach  Choir,  March  10, 
1891 ;  A  song  of  praise.  Exhibition,  Kendal, 
1891;  The  forsaken  merman  (Matthew  Arnold), 
Leeds  Festival,  1895 ;  The  Power  of  sound, 
Kendal,  1895;  Elegy  (Robert  Bridges),  alto 
solo,  chorus  and  orchestra,  Hovingham  Festi- 
val, 1896  ;  Charge  of  the  Light  Brigade,  chorus 
and  orchestra ;  Ode  to  the  sea,  soprano  solo, 
chorus  and  orchestra,  accepted  for  Birming- 
ham Festival,  1897.  The  enchanted  jmlace, 
operetta  for  schools.  Orchestral  ballad,  Heleu 
of  Kirkconnel,  Pbilharmonic  Society,  March 
23,  1893  ;  Bristol  Festival,  1896  ;  In  Arcady, 
suite  for  small  orchestra,  Brighton,  March  23, 
1897.  Album  of  seven  songs  ;  Six  songs  ; 
songs,  various  ;  arrangements  of  old  Scotch 
songs.  Studies  in  pf.  techuique  ;  By  the  sea, 
six  sketches  ;  On  the  river,  five  sketches  ;  pf. 
pieces,  various. 

South,  Charles  Frederick,  organist  born 
in  London,  February  6,  1850.  Received  his 
first  lessons  on  the  organ  from  his  brother, 
Henry  J.  South,  afterwards  studying  under 
George  Cooper.  When  sixteen  years  of  age 
he  obtained  his  first  organ  appointment  at 
Aske's  Hospital,  Hoxton.  In  1868  he  was 
appointed  to  St.  Augustine  and  St.  Faith's, 
Watling  Street,  City.  Here  he  remained  until 
1883,  his  ability  as  a  choir-trainer  being  shown 
in  the  high  reputation  the  choral  services 
acquired.  While  there  the  organ  was  enlarged, 
in  1881.  Upon  leaving  for  Salisbury  Cathedral, 
where  he  was  appointed  in  1883,  the  parish- 
ioners and  choir  of  his  church  presented  him 
with  handsome  testimonials.  He  was  for 
some  time  conductor  of  the  Sarura  Choral 
Society.  His  conapositions  are  not  numerous, 
and  are  confined  to  church  music,  services, 
and  introits,  etc. 

Southgate,  Rev.  Frederic,  clergyman 
and  composer,  born  at  Gravesend,  October  7, 
1824.  He  was  educated  at  Ramsgate  and 
Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  B.A.  in  1848. 
Curate  at  Castle  Headingham,  Suffolk ;  and 
afterwards  minister  of  St.  Mark's,  Rosherville, 
and  Northfleet,  1858.  He  died  at  Northfleet, 
January  30,  1885.  He  issued  "  Favourite 
hymn  tunes  .  .  .  used  at  St.  Botolph's  Church, 
Northfleet."  London,  1873,  and  composed 
other  church  music. 

Southgate,  Thomas  Lea,  organist,  mu- 
sical scientist,  and  writer,  born  at  Highgate^ 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


385 


SOUTHGATE. 

London,  August  22,  1836.  Son  of  Thomas 
Bishop  Southgate,  noticed  below.  Founda- 
tion scholar  of  the  old  Grammar  School, 
Highgate  ;  and  musically  educated  under  his 
father,  John  Hullah,  G.  W.  Martin,  and 
James  Coward.  Organist  successively  at 
Christ  Church,  Hornsey,  1862  ;  St.  Saviour's, 
Fitzroy  Square,  London,  1865  ;  St.  Saviour's, 
Clapham,  1867 ;  St.  Margaret's,  Dulwich, 
1873  ;  and  Emmanuel  Church,  Dulwich,  1875. 
In  1862,  he  joined  W.  Hammond  in  starting 
the  Musical  Standard,  and  became  editor  in 
1871,  carrying  on  the  paper  himself  for  several 
years.  Up  to  1891,  he  kept  up  his  connection 
with  that  journal,  writing  many  articles  on 
different  subjects.  In  1891,  a  syndicate  was 
formed  to  found  the  paper,  Musical  Neivs,  and 
Mr.  Southgate  was  joint-editor  with  Dr. 
Turpin  until  1895.  Besides  his  work  on 
these  papers,  he  has  written  articles  for  the 
Mtisical  Times,  Orchestra,  Musical  Record, 
Choir,  etc.,  and  for  Grove's  "  Dictionary." 
He  has  lectured  before  the  College  of  Organists, 
Musical  Association,  R.A.M.,  and  Fine  Arts 
Society  on  various  subjects.  He  took  an 
active  part  in  the  protest  against  the  Degrees 
in  absentia  of  Trinity  College,  Toronto,  and 
was  publicly  presented  with  a  testimonial  in 
recognition  of  his  services,  July  29,  1891. 
For  the  Union  of  Graduates  in  Music,  he  has 
done  valuable  work,  and  his  "  History  of 
Degrees  in  Music,"  for  the  Roll  and  Kalendar, 
was  the  first  essay  of  its  kind.  From  the 
formation  of  the  Union,  1893,  he  has  acted 
as  Hon.  Secretary.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Council  of  the  Musical  Association,  and  of 
the  Plain-Song  and  Mediaeval  Music  Society  ; 
and  in  1891,  was  made  an  Hon.  Member  of 
the  Royal  College  of  Organists.  His  re- 
searches into  the  subject  of  Egyptian  Music, 
as  exemplified  in  his  description  of  the  double 
flutes  discovered  by  Professor  Flinders,  Petrie, 
are  of  high  historic  and  scientific  value.  It 
is  understood  that  he  has  more  to  say  on  this 
subject.  He  has  composed  some  vocal,  instru- 
mental, and  orchestral  music,  but  little  has 
been  published.  Author  of  "  Rudiments  of 
Music  for  Choir-boys  "  ;  and,  in  conjunction 
with  F.  T.  Piggott,  of  a  portion  of  the  work 
on  The  Music  and  Musical  Instruments  of 
Japan. 

His  father,  Thomas  Bishop  Southgate, 
was  born  at  Hornsey,  June  8, 1814.  Chorister 
at  the  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James',  and,  when 
twelve,  occasionally  acted  as  deputy-organist 
for  Sir  George  Smart.  Studied  harmony 
under  Attwood  and  Goss,  and  organ  under 
Samuel  Wesley.  Was  organist  of  Leyton 
Church,  Essex  ;  Hornsey  Parish  Church  for 
nineteen  years ;  and  of  St.  Anne's,  Highgate 
Rise.  An  excellent  violinist,  he  played  first 
violin  with  F.  Cramer  for  some  time  at 
the   Opera   House,      He  died    at   Highgate, 


SPARK. 

November  3,  1868.  Composer  of  Exercises  and 
Scales  intended  to  facilitate  the  study  of  the 
pf.,  London  [1858];  The  Seasons,  4  romances 
for  'cello  and  pf.  [1861] ;  anthems,  pf .  music, 
songs,  and  the  hymns  Nearer  to  Thee,  Thy 
will  be  done,  and  others,  in  many  collections. 

Spark,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
the  most  prominent  member  of  a  family  of 
musicians,  was  born  at  Exeter,  October  28, 
1823.  Chorister  at  Exeter  Cathedral,  and 
articled  pupil  of  Dr.  S.  S.  Wesley.  Organist 
of  St.  Lawrence's,  Exeter,  1840.  Removing 
to  Leeds  with  Dr.  Wesley,  in  1842,  he  became 
deputy-organist  at  Leeds  Parish  Church,  and 
organist  at  Chapeltown  and  St.  Paul's,  Leeds, 
successively.  Afterwards  he  was  appointed 
to  Tiverton  Parish  Church,  and  Daventry, 
returning  to  Leeds,  1850,  as  organist  to  St. 
George's,  an  appointment  he  held  for  thirty 
years.  Founded  the  Leeds  Madrigal  Society, 
1851 ;  and,  later,  the  People's  Concerts.  Was 
associated  with  Henry  Smart  in  designing 
the  organ  in  the  Leeds  Town  Hall ;  and,  in 
1860,  was  elected  organist.  Played  his  organ 
sonata  at  the  Leeds  Festival,  1858 ;  and  solos 
in  1874-7 ;  and  gave  two  afternoon  recitals 
during  the  Festival  of  1880.  Has  given  organ 
recitals  in  many  parts  of  the  country,  and 
has  lectured  on  various  musical  topics. 
Contributed  many  articles  to  the  Yorkshire 
Post,  1883,  and  the  musical  press.  He  grad- 
uated Mus.  Doc,  Dublin.  1861.  Died  at 
Leeds,  June  16,  1897. 

Works. — Oratorio,  Immanuel,  Leeds,  May 
17,  1887 ;  cantata,  Trust  and  Triumph, 
Dublin,  1861  ;  Ode  to  Labour  ;  The  Birthday 
Festival.  Magnificat  and  Nunc  Dimittis  in 
D  ;  All  we  like  sheep  ;  0  God,  have  mercy  ; 
Christ  being  raised  from  the  dead  ;  0  Lord 
our  Governour  ;  and  other  anthems.  Church 
music,  various.  Glees,  songs,  etc.  Grand 
Sonata,  op.  21.  Ten  original  compositions. 
Patriotic  Slarch,  composed  for  the  visit  of  the 
Duke  and  Duchess  of  York  to  Leeds,  1894. 
Various  organ  pieces.  Author  of  Lecture 
on  Church  Music,  1851  ;  Choirs  and  Organs, 
1852 ;  A  few  words  to  Musical  Conductors, 
1853 ;  Memoir  of  Dr.  S.  S.  Wesley  ;  Musical 
Tour  in  North  Germany,  1871 ;  Handy  Book 
of  Choral  Singing  Henry  Smart,  his  life 
and  works,  London,  Reeves,  1881 ;  Musical 
Memories,  1888  ;  Musical  Reminisences,  1892, 
both  published  by  Reeves.  Editor  of  the 
Organist's  Quarterly  Journal,  commenced  in 
1869,  and  still  in  progress;  The  Practical 
Choirmaster,  twelve  parts,  contributing  or- 
iginal compositions  to  each  work ;  Sacred 
Harmony,  selected  and  arranged  ;  Batiste's 
organ  compositions,  adapted  to  English 
instruments,  etc. 

His  father,  William  Spark,  born  in  1797, 
was  a  chorister  and  lay  vicar,  connected  with 
Exeter  Cathedral  for   nearly   60  years.     He 


386 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   P.IOGEAPHY, 


SPEECHLEY. 

was  a  good  musician,  and  had  sung  with 
Catalaui.  He  died  at  Exeter,  September  (?), 
1865,  at  the  age  of  68.  Edward  J.  Spark, 
the  second  son,  was  born  at  Exeter,  August  7, 
1829.  He  was  organist  of  St.  Lawrence's, 
Exeter,  and  after  holding  other  appointments, 
became,  in  1852,  organist  of  Burj'  Parish 
Church.  He  then  entered  the  railway  ser- 
vice, and  eventually  settled  at  Worcester, 
where,  in  1870,  he  established  a  music  busi- 
ness. He  was  organist  of  Holy  Trinity 
Church,  Worcester,  for  15  years,  and  resumed 
the  appointment  in  1888,  after  officiating  for 
some  time  at  St.  ilartin's  Church.  Conductor 
for  many  years  of  the  Worcester  Amateur  Vocal 
Union.  He  has  given  many  concerts,  and  done 
much  for  music  in  Worcester.  Frederick 
R.  Spark,  the  youngest  of  the  three  brothers, 
is  settled  in  business  in  Leeds.  He  is  the 
proprietor  of  the  Leeds  Express  ;  has  been 
hon.  secretary  of  the  Leeds  Festival  from 
1877 ;  and,  in  conjvmction  with  Joseph 
Bennett,  wrote  a  "  Historv  of  the  Leeds 
Musical  Festivals,  1858-1889?'  Leeds:  F.  R. 
Spark  and  Son,  1892. 

Speechley,  John,  organist,  was  born  at 
Peterborough  in  1811.  He  was  organist  of 
the  Cathedral  there,  and  at  the  church  of  St. 
John,  for  33  3'ears,  and  died  in  August,  1869. 
He  was  considered  a  skilful  player,  and  a 
successful  teacher. 

Speer,  Charlton  Templeman,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  at  Cheltenham,  Novem- 
ber 21,  1859.  Entered  the  R.A.M.,  1873,  and 
obtained  the  Sterndale  Bennett  Scholarship, 
1874.  A.R.A.M.,  and  Professor  of  Pf.,  1885- 
1893.  Associate,  Philharmonic  Society.  Ap- 
pointed organist,  All  Soul's,  South  Hampstead, 
1876 ;  St.  Paul's,  Bow  Common,  1880.  Has 
appeared  in  public  as  a  pianist,  and  given 
recitals  with  success.  His  compositions 
include  two  cantatas,  "The  Arsenal,"  and 
"  The  Day  Dream  "  (Tennyson),  to  the  latter 
being  awarded  the  Jubilee  Gold  Medal  of  the 
Bath  Philharmonic  Society.  The  work  was 
produced  at  Bath,  June  20,  1887,  and  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  February  18,  1888.  He  has 
also  written  songs,  etc.  His  instrumental 
works  consist  of  a  concert  overture  for 
orchestra ;  an  organ  Sonata  in  D  flat  (Bow 
and  Bromley  Institute,  April,  1883) ;  many 
pieces  for  pf.,  songs,  etc.  Editor  (with  J.  R. 
C.  Gale)  of  an  English  series  of  original  songs, 
Weekes,  1897. 

Speer,  William  Henry,  composer  and 
conductor,  cousin  of  the  preceding,  born  in 
London,  1863.  Studied  under  W.  Haynes, 
Malvern,  Dr.  C.  H.  Lloyd  ;  and  at  Cambridge, 
under  Drs.  Stanford  and  Garrett ;  also  for 
three  years  at  R.C.M.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1890;  M.  A.,  1890,  Cambridge.  F.R.C.O.  Hon. 
conductor,  since  1893,  of  St.  Albans  Oratorio 
Society,  ana  occasional  organ  recitalist.     He 


SPINNEY. 

has  published  "  The  Jackdaw  of  Rheims," 
for  chorus  and  small  orchestra,  op.  8 ;  Album 
of  six  songs,  op.  1 ;  Three  Elizabethan  Love 
Songs,  op.  7;  Vocal  quartet  (Ladies'  voices) 
"To  Music,"  op.  3;  Part-songs,  op.  5.  String 
quartet,  in  B  flat,  op.  6 ;  Sonata  in  B  flat, 
pf. ,  and  violin,  op.  4 ;  Sonata  in  D,  op.  2,  pf. 
Some  of  these  have  been  performed  by  the 
Musical  Artists'  Society,  1885-7.  In  MS.  he 
has  songs,  pieces  for  violin,  etc. 

Spence,  Mrs.  Sarah,  authoress  of  "  An 
Introduction  to  the  Science  of  Harmony," 
London,  1810. 

Spencer,  Charles  Child,  writer  and  com- 
poser, born  at  London,  in  1797.  He  was 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  St.  James'  Chapel, 
Clapton,  London.  He  died  at  London,  June 
4,  1809.  Author  of  "  Elements  of  practical 
music,"  London,  1829  ;  "  Elements  of  musical 
composition,"  London,  1840;  "The  Piano- 
forte, the  rudiments  of  the  art  of  playing," 
London,  n.d.  ;  "Rudimentary  and  practical 
treatise  on  Music,"  London,  1850,  2  vols.  ; 
"  A  concise  explanation  of  the  church  modes, 
with  remarks  on  the  mutations  they  have 
undergone  since  the  inventions  of  the  hexa- 
chord  and  the  modern  tonal  system  of  Music 
..,"  London,  1846.  Some  of  the  foregoing 
works  have  gone  through  several  editions. 
He  composed  many  glees :  Beauteous  rosebud  ; 
Oh,  merrj'  goes  the  time ;  Now  April  (mad- 
rigal) ;  Sweet  flowers  ;  When  the  shadows  of 
evening  fall.  Songs.  Short  anthems  or  in- 
troits,  London,  1847. 

Spencer,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
who  was  a  pupil  of  Dr.  Dupuis,  and  after- 
wards his  son-in-law.  He  composed  "  Again 
the  balmy  zephyr"  ;  "  0  turn  to  Hebe,"  and 
other  glees.  Songs,  carols,  pf.  music,  etc. 
Edited  the  "  Cathedral  Music"  of  Dr.  T.  S. 
Dupuis,  3  vols. 

Spinney — a  family  of  musicians.  Thomas 
Edward  Spinney,  organist  and  composer, 
born,  June  24,  1824,  was  a  pupil  of  Sir  Henry 
Bishop.  Was  for  many  years  organist  of 
Wilton  Parish  Church,  and  is  now  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  St.  Edmund's,  Salisbury, 
and  conductor  of  the  Salisbury  Orpheus 
Society.  A  successful  teacher ;  he  was  some 
time  musical  tutor  to  H.R.H.  the  late  Duke 
of  -Albany.  He  has  composed  a  cantata, 
Village  Belles ;  Church  music,  and  songs ; 
"  The  Organist's  Assistant "  ;  nine  new  organ 
Voluntaries ;  three  Musical  Sketches  (two 
sets) ;  Novelette ;  Melodies  Gracieuses,  and 
other  pieces  for  pf.,  etc.  Mattie  Spinney 
(Mrs.  Beesley),  daughter  of  the  above,  studied 
under  Benedict,  and  Sterndale  Bennett,  and 
later  with  Hans  von  Billow.  Held  an  organ 
appointment  at  St.  Paul's,  Salisbury,  and  was 
afterwards  for  a  time  organist  of  the  Parish 
Church,  Banbury.  She  made  her  debut  as  a 
pianist  at  a  concert  of  the  New  Philharmonic 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


387 


SPINNEY. 

•■Society,  London,  May  8,  1875,  taking  part, 
witli  Dr.  vou  Billow,  in  Bach's  Concerto  in  C 
minor,  for  two  pianos  and  orchestra.  In 
1876,  she  ai^peared  at  the  Crystal  Palace 
■Concerts  (November" 25) ;  and  has  since  then 
given  many  performances  at  which  she  has 
been  assisted  by  her  pupils.  Eugene  Spin- 
ney, the  eldest  son,  was  born  in  18i5.  When 
seventeen  he  was  appointed  organist  of  Jian- 
bury  Parish  Churcli  (1862),  and  in  1865, 
graduated  IMus.  Bac,  Oxford.  He  gave  good 
concerts,  and  improved  the  church  choir; 
but  his  artistic  career  was  short,  as  he  was 
removed  by  death,  December  4,  1867,  at  the 
early  age  of  twenty-two.  A  stained  glass 
window  was  placed  in  the  Parish  Church  as  a 
tribute  of  affection  from  pupils  and  friends. 
FiiANK  Spinxey,  brother  of  the  preceding, 
was  born  ]March  20,  1850.  He  was  articled  to 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Hayne,  Oxford,  and  became 
P  R.(\0.  His  first  organ  appointment  was  to 
St.  Denys,  Warminster,  1 869 ;  from  there  he 
went  to  All  Saints',  Emscote,  Warwick,  1873  ; 
and  in  1878  was  appointed  to  Leamington 
Parish  Church.  The  present  organ  and  organ 
gallery  were  built  during  his  period  of  office, 
and  largely  the  result  of  his  exertions.  From 
1882  a  number  of  excellent  orchestral,  choral, 
And  chamber  concerts  were  given  by  the 
Leamington  ^lusical  Society,  under  his  direc- 
tion ;  and  he  gave  frequent  organ  recitals, 
being  a  fine  executant.  He  worked  with 
great  zeal  for  the  cause  of  the  best  in  musical 
art,  but  overtaxed  his  strength  ;  his  death 
taking  place,  June  5,  1888.  He  wrote  a 
number  of  hymn-tunes,  an  anthem  for  har- 
vest, and  some  organ  music.  His  memory  is 
perpetuated  by  a  stained  glass  window  in  the 
"vestryof  Leamington  Parish  Church.  Walter 
Spinney,  the  next  brother,  was  born  March 
26,  1852.  He  was  articled  to  J.  E.  Richard- 
son, the  cathedral  organist,  whose  assistant 
he  afterwards  became.  Then  followed  appoint- 
ments to  St.  Edmund's,  Salisbury ;  Dudlej^ 
Parish  Church ;  Christ  Church,  Doncaster ; 
and  finally,  in  1888,  on  the  death  of  his 
brother  Frank,  to  Leamington  Parish  Church. 
In  this  town  belaboured  as  performer,  teacher, 
composer,  and  editor,  until  his  death,  June 
21,  1894.  He  composed  some  church  services, 
a  number  of  anthems,  and  other  vocal  works  ; 
edited  the  "  Organ  library  "  ;  and  the  "  Vesper 
bell  "  series  of  organ  pieces,  his  own  contribu- 
tions to  which  enjoy  wide  popularity.  Rev. 
T.  Herbert  Spinney,  youngest  of  the  four 
brothers,  was  born  January  13,  1857.  Studied 
under  Drs.  G.  B.  Arnold,  and  J.  F.  Bridge. 
Harmony  Prizeman,  Trinity  College,  London, 
1876.  P.R.C.O.  From  the  age  of  sixteen 
was  organist  at  Salisbury ;  later,  organist, 
and  assistant  chaplin,  Exeter  College,  Oxford, 
having  been  ordained  Deacon  in  1881,  and 
Priest,  1882,  by  the  Bishop  of  Oxford.     M.A., 


SPRAY. 

Oxford,    1884.     Curate    of    South    Hinksey, 

Berks.,  1881-2;  of  Wallasey,  Cheshire,  1883-5  ; 

vicar   of    Newborough,    Burton-on-Trent,   to 

present  time.     Composer  of  Christ  the  first 

fruits  ;  Now  thank  we  all  our  God,  and  other 

,  anthems  ;  Church  services:  Christmas  carols 

(three  series)  ;  six  hymns  for  a  flower  service  ; 

j  organ    pieces,    etc.,    etc.      He   was   formerly 

known   as   an    able   pianist,   and    still   gives 

]  occasional  organ  recitals. 

Spofforth,  Reginald,  composer,  born  at 
Southwell,  .Nottingham,  in  1770.  He  studied 
under  his  uncle,  Thomas  Spofforth,  organist 
of  Southwell  Collegiate  Church,  and  under 
Dr.  B.  Cooke.  He  gained  two  prizes  given  by 
Nob  eman's  Catch  Club.  He  died  at  Ken- 
sington, London,  September  8,  1827,  aged  57, 
and  is  buried  in  Kensington  Parish  Church, 
wlierc  a  monument  bearing  the  following 
inscription  is  placed  :  "In  Memoriam. 
Under  this  church  are  deposited  the  remains 
of  Reginald  Spofforth,  professor  of  music,  born 
at  Southwell,  Nottinghamshire.  He  died  at 
Brompton,  on  the  8th  September,  1827,  aged 
57  years.     Laus  Deo." 

W^ORKS. — Set  of  six  glees,  London  [1799] ; 
A  Collection  of  Glees,  compiled  from  the 
unpublished  manuscripts  of  the  late  Mr. 
Spofforth,  carefully  collated  with  the  originals, 
by  W.  Hawes,  London,  n.d. ;  The  Christmas 
Box,  a  variety  of  Bagatelles  for  1,  2,  and  3 
voices,  with  pf.  accompaniment,  2  books, 
Loudon,  n.d.  Sinqle  Glees:  Hail,  smiling 
morn  (in  No.  1),  1799;  Come  bounteous  May ; 
How  calm  the  evening ;  Fill  high  the  grape's 
exulting  stream  (prize),  1810 ;  Health  to  my 
dear ;  ]\Iy  dear  mistress  ;  The  Spring,  the 
pleasant  spring;  While  the  madly  raging 
nations;  Where  are  those  hours;  See,  smiling 
from  the  rosy  east ;  Lightly  o'er  the  village 
green.     Canzonets. 

X  composer  whose  name  is  kept  in  remem- 
brance by  his  ever  fresh  glee,  "  Hail,  smiling 
morn."  His  brother,  Samuel,  born  in  1780, 
studied  under  his  uncle,  and  in  1798  became 
organist  of  Peterborough  Cathedral,  and  in 
1807  organist  of  Lichfield  Cathedral.  He  died 
at  Lichfield,  June  6,  1864.  Composer  of 
chants  and  other  church  music. 

Sporle,  Nathan  James,  who  was  born 
Burnett,  tenor  vocalist  and  composer,  born 
at  Ipswich,  1812.  He  studied  under  Thomas 
Welsh.  Died  March  2,  1853.  Some  of  the 
best  of  his  many  songs  are  :  -A.  calm  is  o'er 
the  sea  ;  Draw  round  the  fire  ;  Country  life  ; 
Heart  that's  true  ;  In  the  days  when  we  went 
gipsying  [1840] ;  I  dwell  among  the  beautiful ; 
Lugger;  Merrie  England  ;  Old  winter  [1853]; 
The  place  where  I  was  born ;  Sweet  is  the 
vale,  etc. 

Spottiswoode,  Alicia  Ann,  see  Scott, 
Lady  John  D. 

5pray,  John,  composer  and  singer,  was 


388 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SQUIEE. 

a  chorister  in  Southwell  Minster.  Afterwards 
vicar-choral  of  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dub- 
lin Doc.  IMus.,  Dublin.  He  died  in  Dublin, 
in  January,  1827.  Composer  of  some  unim- 
portant vocal  pieces. 

Squire,  Emily,  soprano  vocalist  of  pre- 
sent time.  Studied  at  R.C.M.  and  R.A.M. 
Sang  at  Bath  early  in  the  year  1888,  but 
made  a  more  important  debut  at  Exeter  in 
April,  at'the  festival  of  the  Western  Counties' 
Musical  Association.  Made  her  first  appear- 
ance at  the  Crystal  Palace,  ISIarch  21,  1891 ; 
and  at  the  Monday  Popular  Concerts,  January 
15,  1894.  Has  sung  at  the  Birmingham 
Festival  Choral  Society's  Concerts,  and  in 
the  principal  musical  centres,  attaining  a 
good  position  among  vocalists  of  the  time. 

Squire,  William  Barclay,  musician 
and  author,  who  is  one  of  the  staff  of  the 
British  Museum,  and  a  contributor  of  bio- 
graphies of  musicians  to  the  Dictionary  of 
National  Biography,  Grove's  Dictionary  of 
Music,  etc.  With  J.  A.  Fuller  Maitland  he 
edited  "The  Fitzwilliam  Virginal  Book," 
1894,  and  has  edited  a  number  of  important 
works  bj'  Byrd,  Gibbons,  Farnaby,  Weelkes, 
and  other  old  English  and  foreign  composers. 
He  has  also  composed  some  pieces  for  the  pf. 

Squire,  William  Henry,  violoncellist 
and  composer,  born  at  Koss,  Hereford- 
shire, August  8,  1871.  Studied  at  first 
under  his  father,  a  cultivated  amateur 
violinist,  and  played  in  public  when  seven 
years  old.  Gained  a  scholarship  at  R.C.M., 
1883,  which  was  extended  for  a  second  period 
of  three  years.  Studied  under  Edward  Howell, 
and  was  occasionally  heard  by  Piatti,  also 
receiving  lessons  in  composition  from  Dr. 
Hubert  Parry.  Made  his  debut  at  the 
Albeniz  concerts,  St.  James's  Hall,  February 
12,  1891.  Since  then  has  been  heard  at 
various  concerts  in  London  and  the  pro- 
vinces. Was  associated  with  the  concerts  of 
British  Chamber  Music,  Queen's  Hall,  1894  ; 
made  his  first  appearance  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  April  20,  1895,  playing  the  Concerto 
in  A  of  Saint-Saens,  and  in  the  same  year 
was  appointed  principal  'cello  at  the  Royal 
Italian  Opera,  Covent  Garden.  He  was 
elected  an  Associate  of  R.C.M. ,  1889.  His 
compositions  include  a  concerto  for  violon- 
cello, performed  R.C.INI.  Concert ;  serenade  ; 
pastorale  ;  gavotte  ;  tarantelle,  op.  23  ;  four 
sets  of  pieces ;  twelve  easy  exercises ;  and 
other  pieces  for  violoncello  ;  reverie,  etc.,  for 
violin ;  pieces  for  pf.  solo  and  duet ;  songs, 
etc.  ;  also  music  for  mandoline.  He  has  two 
operettas  in  IMS. 

Sreeve,  John,  musician  and  organist  of 
first  half  of  the  18th  century.  Compiled 
"The  Divine  Musick  Scholar's  Guide,  being 
a. ..  .collection  of  psalm  tunes,  hymns 
and  anthems,"  London,  1740.     "  The  Oxford 


STAINER. 

shire  Harmony,  containing  a  select  number 
of  hymns,  am  hems,  and  chants,  etc.,"  Lon- 
don, 1741,  3  vols. 

Stafford,  William  Cooke,  musician 
and  author,  born  at  York  in  1793.  He  died 
at  Norwich,  December  23,  1876.  Author  of 
"A  History  of  Music,"  Edinburgh,  1880 
(Constable's  Miscellany,  vol.  52).  Translated 
into  French,  Paris,  1832,  and  into  German, 
Weimar,  1835. 

Staggins,  Nicholas,  composer,  was  made 
master  of  the  Royal  music  in  1G82,  and 
graduated  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  in  the  same 
3'ear.  He  was  the  first  professor  of  music  in 
Cambridge  University,  1C84.  He  died  in  1705- 
Composer  of  Odes  for  the  birthdays  of  William 
III.  and  Queen  Anne ;  Songs  in  Choice  "Ayres, 
Songs,  and  Dialogues,"  1763  ;  music  for  Dry- 
den's  "  Conquest  of  Granada,"  etc. 

Stainer,  Sir  John,  Kt.,  composer, 
organist,  and  writer,  born  in  London,  June 
6,  1840.  Chorister,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral, 
1847-5G,  during  the  later  years  often  acting 
as  organist.  Studied  under  W.  Bayley,  Dr. 
Steggall,  and  George  Cooper.  Organist  of  St, 
Benedict  and  St.  Peter,  Paul's  Wharf,  1854 ; 
and  in  1856  was  appointed,  by  Sir  F.  Ouseley, 
organist  of  St.  Michael's  College,  Tenbury. 
In  1859  he  matriculated  at  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  and  was  appointed  organist  of  Mag- 
dalen College  the  same  year,  and  organist  to 
the  University  of  Oxford,  1860.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  1859;  B.A.,  1863;  Mus.  Doc, 
1865  ;  ami  M.A.,  1866,  Oxford.  Conductor  of 
College  Musical  Societies.  In  1872  he  was 
appointed  organist  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral, 
in  succession  to  (Sir)  John  Goss,  resigning  in 
1888  owing  to  failing  sight.  In  1876  he  was 
appointed  professor  of  the  organ  at  the 
National  Training  School  for  Music,  and  in 
1881  succeeded  (Sir)  Arthur  Sullivan  as 
Principal.  Organist  to  the  Royal  Choral 
Society,  1873-88 ;  Juror  at  the  Paris  Exhibi- 
tion, 1878;  Government  Inspector  of  Music 
in  Training  Schools,  in  succession  to  Mr. 
HuUah,  1882 ;  and  has  held  other  important 
positions,  his  last  appointment  being  to  the 
Professorsl)ip  of  Music  at  Oxford  University, 
1889.  He  is  an  Honorary  Member  of  R.A.M. ; 
President  of  the  IMusical  Association  ;  Mem- 
ber of  Council,  R.C.M. ;  Honorary  Fellow  of 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford ;  and  member  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society.  In  1878  he  was 
created  Chevalier  of  the  Legion  of  Honour  of 
France ;  received  the  hon.  degree  of  Mus. 
Doc,  Durham,  1885;  Hon.  D.C.L.,  Durham, 
1895;  and  in  1888  was  Knighted  by  Her 
Majesty  the  Queen. 

Works. — Oratorio,  Gideon  ;  Cantatas,  The 
Daughter  of  Jairus,  Worcester  Festival,  1878 ; 
St.  ]\Iary  Magdalene,  Gloucester,  1883;  The 
Crucifixion,  London,  1887.  Church  Services 
in  E  flat.  A,  D,  and  B  fiat;  Canticles,  various. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


389 


STAINS. 

Awake,  put  on  thy  strength ;  Deliver  me,  O 
Lord  ;  And  all  the  people  saw  the  thunderings, 
London  Church  Choir  Association,  St.  Paul's 
•Cathedral,  November  8,  1883 ;  Ye  shall  dwell 
in  the  land ;  and  many  other  anthems. 
Madrigal,  The  Triumph  of  Victoria,  1887; 
Album  of  Seven  Songs,  with  English  and 
German  words ;  Loyal  Death  ;  My  little  Pet ; 
Slumber  Song  (with  violoncello  ad  lib.);  and 
other  songs.  Arrangements  for  the  organ, 
5  Nos.  Editor  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  Chant 
Book  ;  The  Cathedral  Psalter  ;  Choir-book  of 
the  Holy  Communion  ;  Marbecke's  Office  of 
the  Burial  of  the  Dead.  Joint  editor  (with 
Dr.  ]\Iartin)  of  the  Ferial  Responses;  with 
W.  A.  Barrett,  of  A  Dictionary  of  Musical 
Terms,  Novello,  1876;  with  Rev.  H.  R. 
Bramley,  of  Carols,  Old  and  New;  with  Rev. 
W.  Russell,  The  Cathedral  Prayer  Book, 
Novello,  1891 ;  and  with  Dr.  Hubert  Parry, 
of  Novello's  ^lusic  Primers.  Author  of 
Primers  on  The  Organ  ;  Harmony  ;  Composi- 
tion ;  Choral  Society  Vocalisation ;  A  Treatise 
on  Harmony  (which  has  gone  through  several 
editions),  Novello  ;  The  Music  of  the  Bible, 
1879.  A  Few  Words  to  Candidates  for  the 
Degree  of  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  Novello,  1897. 
Xectures  and  addresses.  Musical  Association; 
Conferences  of  I.S.M.,  etc.  His  son,  C. 
:Stainer,  is  author  of  a  work  on  Violin 
Makers,  Novello,  1896. 

Stains,  V.  D.  de,  author  of  "Phono- 
graphy, or  the  writing  of  sounds,  in  two 
parts,  viz.,  logography  and  musicography." 
London, 1842. 

Standing,  Frank  H,  baritone  vocalist, 
known  as  F.  H.  Celli.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Carl  Rosa  Opera  Company  from  1875,  and 
was  also  known  as  a  concert  singer,  1878-82. 
One  of  his  most  recent  assumptions  was  that 
of  the  Toreador  in  Bizet's  "  Carmen,"  at 
Covent  Garden,  April  9,  1891.  He  married 
~Susan  (or  Susanna),  sister  of  Louisa  Pyne  (she 
■died,  1886). 

His  sister,  Madame  Helen  S.  Norman, 
known  as  Hklex  Standish,  was  a  contralto 
vocalist.  She  sang  in  English  and  Italian 
opera  companies  under  Carl  Rosa  and  Maple- 
son,  and  had  also  been  heard  in  concerts. 
She  died  suddenly,  in  January,  1891. 

Standish,  Orlando,  author  of  "Elementi 
■di  Contrappunto,"  Florence,  1836,  with  fold- 
ing tables  and  plates  of  examples. 

Stanford,  Charles  Villiers,  composer 
and  conductor,  born  at  Dublin,  September  30, 
1852.  Son  of  the  late  John  Stanford,  Esq., 
Examiner  in  the  Court  of  Chancery,  Dublin, 
and  an  accomplished  amateur.  He  was 
educated  in  music  under  Arthur  O'Leary  and 
Sir  R.  P.  Stewart ;  and  afterwards  studied, 
1874-76,  at  Leipzig,  with  Rei7iecke,  and 
at  Berlin  with  F.  Kiel.  ^latriculated  at 
•Cambridge  as  a  choral  scholar,  graduating  with 


STANFORD. 

Classical  Honours,  B.A.,  1874  ;  M.A.,  1877. 
In  1873  he  succeeded  Dr.  J.  L.  Hopkins  as 
organist  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  an 
appointment  he  held  until  1892.  He  was 
conductor  of  the  Cambridge  Amateur  Vocal 
Guild,  and  directed  the  first  performance  in 
England  of  Sir  R.  P.  Stewart's  cantata  "  The 
Eve  of  St.  John,"  November  19,  1872.  The 
Cambridge  University  Musical  Society,  of 
which  he  was  conductor  for  twenty  years  from 
1873,  attained  a  high  position,  many  impor- 
tant compositions  being  heard  at  its  concerts 
for  the  first  time  in  England,  such  as  Schu- 
mann's "  Paradise  and  the  Peri,"  the  First 
Symphony  of  Brahms,  etc.  It  was  at  a  con- 
cert of  this  society  that  ^Ir.  Stanford  first 
appeared  as  a  pianist,  November  .30,  1870.  A 
few  compositions  date  from  the  Cambridge 
period  to  1875,  but  he  came  into  greater  prom- 
inence by  winning  the  second  prize  at  the 
s)-mphony  competition  at  the  Alexandra 
Palace,  1876.  From  that  time  to  the  present 
he  has  been  actively  engaged  in  composition. 
At  the  opening  of  the  R.C.M.,  in  1883,  he  was 
appointed  professor  of  composition  and 
orchestral  playing,  and  has  given  distinction 
to  the  College  concerts  and  operatic  perform- 
ances by  his  enterprise  in  bringing  forward 
new  or  neglected  works.  In  1885  he  became 
conductor  of  the  Bach  Choir;  and  in  1887  was 
appointed  Professor  of  IMusic  at  Cambridge 
University.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Philhar- 
monic Society ;  in  1883  received  the  Hon. 
degree  of  Mus.  Doc,  Oxford ;  in  1888,  by 
Grace  of  the  Senate,  the  same  degree  was 
conferred  upon  him  at  Cambridge  ;  and  in 
1892  was  elected  Corresponding  IMemljer  of  the 
Societe  des  Compositeurs  de  JNIusique,  Paris. 
He  has  conducted  concerts  at  the  Crvstal 
Palace  (1883),  Philharmonic  Society  (1884, 
etc.)  ;  at  Berlin,  Dresden,  etc.  ;  performances 
of  his  works  at  the  chief  provincial  festivals, 
and  of  his  operas  at  Hanover  and  Hamburg. 
In  June,  1897,  he  was  appointed  Conductor  of 
the  Leeds  Philharmonic  Society. 

Works. — Oratorios  and  Cantatas  :  The 
Resurrection  (Klopstock),  op.  5,  for  tenor  solo, 
chorus  and  orchestra,  Cambridge,  May,  1875  ; 
Psalm  46,  op.  8,  Cambridge.  1877  ;  "p^^legiac 
Ode  (Walt  Whitman),  op.  21,  Norwich  Festi- 
val, 1884  ;  The  Three  Holy  Children,  oratorio, 
Birmingham  Festival,  1885 ;  The  Revenge, 
choral  ballad  (Tennyson),  op.  24,  Leeds, 
1886 ;  Carmen  Sseculare,  Jubilee  Ode,  op.  26 
(Tennyson),  performed  at  a  State  Concert, 
1887 ;  The  Voyage  of  Maeldune  (Tenny- 
son), Leeds  Festival,  1889;  The  Battle 
of  the  Baltic  (Campbell),  Hereford,  1891; 
Eden,  dramatic  oratorio  (Robert  Bridges), 
Birmingham,  1891  ;  Installation  Ode,  Cam- 
bridge, ^lay  week,  1892  ;  Ode,  East  to  West 
(Swinburne),  London,  1893  ;  The  Bard,  can- 
tata, Cardiff  Festival,  1895;  PhaudrigCrohoore, 


390 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


STANHOPE. 

choral  ballad,  Norwich,  1896.  Operas :  The 
Veiled  Prophet  of  Khorassan,  composed,  1877, 
produced  at  Hanover,  Februarj-  6,  1881 
(libretto  by  W.  Barclay  Squire)  ;  Savonarola, 
produced,  Hamburg,  April  18,  1884 ;  The 
Canterburv  Pilgrims,  produced,  Covent  Garden 
Carl  Rosa),  April  28,  1884  (libretto  by  G.  A. 
A'Beckett)  ;  and  Shamus  O'Brien,  Opera 
Comique,  London,  March  2,  1896  (text  by  G. 
H.  Jessoi)  from  Le  Fanu).  Incidental  music 
to  Tennyson's  Queen  Mary,  Lyceum,  April  18, 
1876  ;  Tennyson's  Becket,  Lyceum,  February 
6,  1893  ;  ^schylus'  Eumenidcs,  Cambridge, 
1885 ;  Sophocles'  CEdipus,  Cambridge,  1887. 
Mass  in  G,  op.  46  (in  memoriam,  Thomas 
Wingham),  Brompton  Oratory,  May  26,  1893; 
Psalm  1.50,  Manchester,  1887 ;  Awake,  my 
heart  (Klopstock),  choral  hymn,  op.  16,  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  November  3, 1881 ;  IMorniiig, 
Evening,  and  Communion  Services  in  B  flat, 
F,  and  A  ;  Anthems,  etc.  Elizabethan  Pas- 
torals, 4  voices;  Three  Cavalier  songs,  op.  18; 
Day  is  dying ;  To  the  rose ;  Eight  songs 
(George  Eliot),  op.  1 ;  two  sets  of  6  songs 
(Heine),  op.  4,  7  ;  and  other  songs.  Editor  of 
fifty  Irish  melodies,  1883 ;  Song  book  for 
schools,  1884 ;  Irish  songs  and  ballads,  Novello, 
1893  (?) ;  The  Irish  melodies  of  Thomas  IMoore, 
Boosey,  1896.  Orchestral :  Symphony  No.  1, 
in  B  flat  (prize),  1876;  No.  2,  in  D  minor 
(Elegiac),  Cambridge,  IMarch  7,  1882  ;  No.  3, 
in  F  minor  (Irish),  Richter,  June  27,  1887  ; 
No.  4,  in  F  (Thro'  youth  to  strife;  thro'  death 
to  life),  Berlin  Philharmonic  Societv,  January 
14,  1889  ;  No.  5,  in  D  (L'Allegro  ed  il  Pensi- 
eroso),  op.  56,  Philharmonic  Society,  London, 
March  20,  1895.  Serenade,  op.  17,  Birming- 
ham Festival,  1882.  Overtures,  Festival,  in  B 
flat,  Gloucester  Festival,  1877  ;  Queen  of  the 
Seas  (Armada  Tercentenary),  1888.  Concerto, 
'cello  and  orchestra  (IMS.) ;  Concerto  in  G,  op. 
59,  pf.  and  orchestra,  Richter,  May  27,  1895  ; 
Suite  in  D,  violin  and  orchestra,  Berlin,  Jan- 
uary 14, 1889.  Chamber  Music  :  Sonata  in  A, 
op.  9,  pf.  and  'cello  ;  in  D,  op.  11,  pf.  and 
violin  ;  Three  intermezzi,  pf.  and  clarinet,  op. 
13  ;  Quartet  in  F,  op.  15,  pf.  and  strings ; 
Quartet  in  D  minor,  op.  25  (Dannreuther), 
1886;  Trio  in  E  flat,  op.  35;  Sonata  in  D 
minor,  op.  39,  pf.  and  'cello.  Popular  Concerts, 
November  18, 1889;  String  Quartets  in  G,  op. 
44  ;  A  minor,  op.  54  ;  D  minor,  op.  64.  Four 
Irish  pieces,  violin  and  pf.  Sonata  in  D  flat, 
op.  20 ;  Three  pieces,  op.  42  ;  Toccata  in  C, 
etc.,  for  pf.  Prelude  and  Fugue,  organ,  Pro- 
fessor Stanford's  latest  work  is  a  Requiem 
Mass,  accepted  for  performance  at  the 
Birmingham   Festival   of   1897. 

Stanhope,  Charles,  Third  Earl  of, 
peer  and  scientist,  born  1753,  succeeded  1786, 
died  1816.  Author  of  "  Principles  of  the 
science  of  tuning  instruments  with  fixed 
tones,"  London,  1806. 


STANLEY. 

Stanislaus,  Frederick,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  at  Kidderminster,  December 
27,  1844.  Studied  the  violin  at  an  early  age, 
and  was  one  of  the  "Little  men"  taken  on 
tour  by  Dr.  ]\Iark,  of  Manchester.  Organist 
of  Kidderminster  Parish  Church,  and  at 
Hartlebury.  Conductor  of  several  opera 
companies  in  London  and  the  provinces. 
Went  to  America,  and  on  his  return  was 
musical  director  at  the  Prince's  Theatre,  and 
later  at  the  Theatre  Royal,  INIanchester.  He 
then  went  to  the  Prince  of  Wales'  Theatre, 
London,  and  subsequently  spent  some  time 
in  Australia.  He  conducted  the  touring  com- 
panies with  the  Gilbert-Sullivan  operas,  and 
was  much  in  request  as  an  accompanist,  acting 
in  that  capacit}'  for  Sims  Reeves  and  others. 
He  died  at  Hammersmith,  November  22, 1891. 
His  compositions  include  an  opera,  "  The 
Lancashire  Witches,"  produced  at  the  Theatre 
Royal,  INIanchester;  music  to  several  panto- 
mimes ;  part  of  the  music  to  "  The  Palace  of 
Pearl,"  Empire  Theatre,  London,  1886;  songs, 
part-songs,  etc.  His  wife,  as  Miss  Fanny 
RoBiXA,  sang  with  much  success  in  comic  opera. 

5tanistreet,  Henry  Dawson,  organist 
and  composer,  was  a  chorister  in  York  Cathe- 
dral. Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  1862.  Mus.  Doc.,, 
Dublin,  1878.  Organist  at  Bandon,  Cork, 
1862,  of  Taum  Cathedral,  1864,  and  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin.  Composer  of  Psalms  16  and 
69,  anthems,  and  other  Church  music.  He 
died  at  Dublin,  August  1,  1883. 

Stanley,  Charles  John,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  London,  January  17,  1713. 
He  was  accidentally  made  blind  when  about- 
two  years  of  age.  Studied  music  under  J. 
Reading  and  1\I.  Greene,  and  became  organist 
of  All  Hallows'  Church,  Bread  Street,  1724; 
St.  Andrew's,  Holborn,  1726 ;  and  of  the 
Temple  Church,  1739.  He  graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxford,  1729.  In  1779  he  was  made 
master  of  the  Royal  band  of  music,  in  sac- 
cession  to  Boyce.  He  died  at  London,  May 
19,  1786. 

Works. — Oratorios:  Jephthah,1757;  Zimri, 
1760  ;  Fall  of  EgA-pt,  1774  ;  Arcadia,  or  the 
shepherd's  wedding,  1761  (dramatic  pastoral 
to  celebrate  marriage  of  George  III.)  Six 
cantatas  for  a  voice  and  instruments,  London 
[1742] ;  Second  set  [1750] .  So7igs  :  Dull  un- 
animated  wretch  ;  Heigh,  ho  ! ;  I  feel  new 
passions  rise  ;  Leave  me  shepherd  ;  Power  of 
musick  and  beauty  ;  The  red  breast.  Instru- 
mental: Op.  1,  eight  solos  for  a  German  flute, 
violin,  or  harpsichord  [1745],  etc.;  Op.  2, 
six  concertos  in  seven  parts  for  four  violins, 
a  tenor  violin,  and  violoncello,  with  a  thorough- 
bass for  the  harpsichord ;  Op.  4,  six  solos  for 
a  German  flute,  violin,  or  hai'psichord  [1770] ; 
Opp.  5,  6,  7,  ten  voluntaries  for  the  organ  or 
pf. ;  Six  concertos  set  for  the  harpsichord  or 
organ  [1760]. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


391 


STANLEY. 

Stanley,  Samuel,  composer,  born  at  Bir- 
mingham in  1767.  He  was  Precentor  in 
Carr's  Lane  Congregational  Cliapel  Birming- 
ham, and  afterwards  in  connection  with  tlie 
same  congregation  on  its  removal  to  a  new 
chapel  in  Steelhouse  Lane,  in  1818.  He  played 
the  violoncello  in  the  Birmingham  Theatre  or- 
chestra, and  in  the  Festival  Choral  Society, 
1802-1818.  He  died  at  Birmingham  in  Octo- 
ber, 1822.  Now  best  remembered  by  his 
hymn  tunes  "  Doversdale  "  and  "  Warwick." 
He  issued  "  Twenty-four  tunes  in  four  parts," 
Birmingham,  n.d.  ;  Two  psalm  tunes  in  four 
parts,  Birmingham,  n.d.  ;  Nineteen  psalm, 
hymn,  and  charity  hymn  tunes,  Birmingham 
[1800] ;  Sacred  music,  comprising  two  new 
psalm  and  hymn  tunes  [1825] ;  Psalm  and 
hymn  tunes,  3  books  [1830],  collected. 

Stansbury,  George  Frederick,  com- 
poser, tenor  singer,  and  flutist,  was  born  at 
Bristol  in  1800.  He  was  trained  by  his  father, 
Joseph  Stansbury,  and  in  1819,  travelled  as 
accompanist  with  Catalani  during  a  concert 
tour.  For  some  time  he  acted  as  conductor 
at  the  Theatre  Royal,  Dublin,  but  in  1828  he 
sang  at  the  Haymarket  Theatre,  London,  in 
the  "Beggar's  Opera,"  afterwards  appearing 
-at  the  London  theatres.  He  was  conductor 
at  St.  James'  Theatre,  Surrey  Theatre,  and 
other  places  in  London.  Died  at  Lambeth, 
Loudon,  June  3,  1815. 

WoEKs. — Operas  or  musical  dramas:  Waver- 
ley  (with  Lee) ;  Puss  in  Boots,  1832 ;  Elfin 
Sprite,  1833,  etc.  The  Passions,  being  six 
songs,  London  [1833] ,  coutainiug  also  songs 
by  Cooke,  etc.  Oak  and  the  Rose,  song,  and 
others. 

■  Stapleton,  Mrs.,  bom  Anna  Isabella 
Matthkws,  is  notable  as  having  been  the 
first  professional  teacher  of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa 
system.  She  died  at  London,  March  23, 
1885. 

Stark,  Humphrey  John,  organist  and 
composer,  born  May  22,  1854.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1875.  One  of  the  founders 
of  Trinity  College,  London.  Organist  of 
Holy  Trinity,  Tulse  Hill,  1875.  Composer  of 
an  Evening  service,  with  orchestra ;  Church 
services,  anthems,  etc.  Cantata,  The  Rival 
Seasons,  performed,  Trinity  College,  London, 
1885.  Twelve  pieces  for  organ,  etc.  Author 
of  various  papers  read  before  the  College  of 
Organists,  and  other  institutions. 

Statham,  Francis  Reginald,  composer 
and  author,  settled  in  South  Africa.  He  was 
at  one  time  minister  of  a  Scotch  congregation. 
His  cantata,  "Prosperity  and  Praise,"  was 
composed  for  the  exhibition  at  Kimberley, 
1892 ;  and  he  has  also  composed  a  cantata, 
"  Vasco  de  Gama,"  for  soli,  chorus,  and  or- 
chestra. Author  of  various  volumes  of  poems  ; 
"  Blacks,  Boers,  and  British,"  1881 ;  "  Mr. 
Magnus,"  and  other  novels. 


STEELE. 

Statham,  H.  Heathcote,  architect, 
author,  and  amateur  musician.  He  is  a 
Fellow  of  the  Institute  of  British  Architects, 
and  editor  of  The  Builder.  Author  of  "  Form 
and  design  in  IMusic :  aesthetic  condition  of 
the  Art,"  London,  Chapman  and  Hall,  1893  ; 
"  Architecture  for  general  readers . . ,"  London, 
Chapman,  1895  ;   2nd  edition,  1896. 

Statham,  Rev.  William,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Tarporley  Rectory,  Cheshire, 
September  26,  1832.  Educated  at  Marl- 
borough College,  and  University  College, 
Durham.  B.A.,  1856;  Mus.  Doc,  1876, 
Durham.  Vicar  of  Ellesmere-Port  from  1806, 
and  organist  of  the  parish  church.  Orgaiiising 
choirmaster,  Fordsham  Deaneries  Choral 
Association,  1869-79.  Composer  of  an  oratorio, 
"The  Beauty  of  Holiness,"  Liverpool,  1888; 
Church  Service  in  F  (1869),  songs,  etc.  Con- 
tributed to  Hymns  Ancient  and  Modern ; 
Hymnal  Companion ;  Primitive  Methodist 
Hymnal ;  and  Chants  Ancient  and  Modern. 
Organ  arrangements,  etc. 

Stead,  J.  H.,  comic  singer,  who  appeared 
in  London  and  other  music  halls  with  an 
eccentric  song,  called  the  "  Perfect  Cure," 
which  was  once  widely  known  and  popular. 
He  lost  his  savings  in  a  bank  failure,  and 
died  in  London  of  consumption,  January  24, 
1886. 

Steane,  Bruce  Harry  Dennis,  composer 
and  organist,  born  at  Champion  Hill,  Cam- 
berwell,  London,  June  22,  1866.  Chorister  at 
the  age  of  eight  at  St.  Augustine's,  Forest 
Hill,  and  assistant-organist  when  twelve. 
Musical  training  private.  Has  held  the  posts 
of  organist  and  choirmaster  successively  at 
St.  Bartholomew's,  Swanley ;  Seal  Parish 
Church,  Sevenoaks ;  and  Parish  Church, 
Whitechapel ;  and  is  also  organist  and  choir 
trainer  for  the  Rural  Deanery  of  Spitalfields. 
His  compositions,  chiefly  in  the  smaller  forms, 
are  very  numerous,  reaching  to  op.  89,  and 
include  a  sacred  cantata,  "  The  Ascension," 
op.  18  (published  1895) ;  church  services ; 
many  anthems,  published  in  Novello's  octavo 
series  ;  songs,  part-songs,  etc.  Organ  pieces, 
including  two  Albums  for  American  organ  ; 
pianoforte  pieces,  etc.,  etc. 

Steed,  Albert  Orlando,  composer  and 
author,  born  in  1839.  Studied  under  Stern- 
dale  Bennett.  Professor  of  music,  Totteridge 
Park  School,  Herts.,  about  1860-2.  Organist 
of  Parish  Church,  Long  Melford,  Suffolk, 
1865  ;  and  at  Holy  Trinity,  Penge,  for  some 
years  u^j  to  the  time  of  his  death,  October  25, 
1881.  Author  of  "  Music  in  play  and  music 
in  earnest,"  London,  1873  ;  Favourite  lessons 
for  the  pf.  [1858] ;  Four  songs  from  the 
"  Idylls  of  the  King  "  [1861]  ;  Seven  tunes  to 
popular  hymns,  and  two  kyries,  London 
[1878] ;  duets,  songs,  etc. 

Steele,    Joshua,    musician   and  writer. 


392 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


STEELE. 

author  of  "  A  short  treatise  on  harmony," 
London,  1730.  "  Prosodia  Rationalis,  or  an 
essay  towards  establishing  the  melody  and 
measures  of  speech  to  be  expressed  and  per- 
petuated by  symbols,"  Loudon,  1775.  Two 
papers  on  musical  instruments  brought  from 
the  South  Pacific  Islands. 

Steele,  Mary  Sarah,  see  sub.  JIasson, 
Elizabeth. 

Steggall,  Charles,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  June  3,  1826.  After  a 
year's  private  tuition  on  the  organ,  he  entered 
the  R.  A.^I.,  1847,  and  studied  under  Stern- 
dale  Bennett,  afterwards  his  life-long  friend. 
In  1851  he  accumulated  the  degrees  of  Mus. 
Bac.  and  l\Ius.  Doc,  Cambridge,  and  was 
appointed  professor  of  harmony  and  organ  at 
the  R.A.JI.,  of  which  Institution  he  is  a 
Fellow.  In  18i8  he  was  appointed  organist 
of  Christ  Chapel,  Maida  Vale ;  in  1855  of 
Christ  Church,  Paddington ;  and  in  186-1  the 
organistship  of  Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel  was 
conferred  upon  him,  which  position  he  still 
retains.  While  a  student  at  the  R.A.M.,  in 
1849,  he  was  consulted  by  Bennett  on  the 
subject  of  the  Bach  Society,  and  from  its  for- 
mation, October  27,  1849,  to  its  dissolution, 
1870,  he  held  the  office  of  Hon.  Sec.  At 
Crosb}'  Hall,  in  1852,  he  gave  two  lectures  on 
"  Music  as  applied  to  Religion  " ;  and  October 
18,  1864,  delivered  the  inaugural  lecture  of 
the  College  of  Organists,  of  which  institution 
he  was  one  of  the  founders.  He  has  occasion- 
ally lectured  at  other  places,  but  his  life's 
work  is  at  the  R.A.M. 

Works. — Psalm  105,  0  give  thanks,  soli, 
eight-part  chorus,  and  orchestra  ;  Psalm  33, 
Rejoice  in  the  Lord  (performed  at  R.A.M., 
and,  1864,  Cambridge) ;  Magnificat  and  Nunc 
dimittis  in  C,  and  Cantate  Domino  and  Deus 
misereatur  in  C,  for  voices  and  orchestra  ; 
Morning  and  Evening  Service  in  F,  and 
various  service  settings.  Harvest  anthem. 
Praised  be  the  Lord  ;  He  was  as  the  morning 
star;  Hear  ye,  and  give  ear;  and  others. 
Instruction  Book,  and  various  compositions 
for  the  organ.  Editor  of  Church  Psalmody 
(1848) ;  Six  motets  of  J.  S.  Bach ;  Musical 
Editor  (1889)  of  H3-mns,  Ancient  and  Modern; 
Contributor  to  various  collections. 

His  youngest  son,  Reginald  Steggall, 
born  in  London,  April  17,  1867,  was  educated 
at  the  R.A.M. ,  of  which  he  is  an  Associate, 
and,  since  1895,  professor  of  the  organ.  In 
1886  he  was  appointed  to  St.  Anne's,  Soho, 
but  he  now  acts  as  his  father's  assistant  at 
Lincoln's  lun  Chapel.  He  has  composed  a 
Festival  Evening  Service  for  voices  and 
orchestra;  various  anthems;  Dramatic  Scena, 
"  Alcestis  "  ;  Songs,  etc.  ;  a  symphony  ;  Two 
overtures ;  a  concert  piece  for  organ  and 
orchestra  ;  various  organ  pieces  ;  a  Mass  for 
voices,  orchestra,  and  organ,  etc. 


STEPHENS. 

Steil,  William  Henry,  harpist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  about  1787  ;  died  at  Poole, 
Dorset,  February  3,  1851.  Author  of  "  An 
Elementary  Treatise  for  the  Harp,"  London, 
1830.  Composer  of  rondos,  fantasias,  diverti- 
mentos, duets,  etc.,  for  harp  and  pf. ,  and 
arranger  of  a  large  number  of  celebrated 
compositions  for  the  harp. 

Stein,  Grace,  see  Wallace,  Lady  Max- 
well. 

Stella,  Alfred,  see  Patersox,  Robert 
Roy. 

Stenhouse,  William,  writer  and  col- 
lector, born  in  Roxburghshire  in  1773.  He 
was  by  profession  an  accountant  in  Edinburgh. 
He  died  at  Edinburgh,  November  10,  1827. 
Published  "  Illustrations  of  the  Lyric  Poetry 
and  Music  of  Scotland.."  Edinburgh,  1839. 
Second  edition  by  David  Laing,  LL.D., 
Edinburgh,  1853.  This  was  intended  as  a 
series  of  annotations  for  Johnson's  "  Scots 
Musical  Museum,"  and  has  proved  a  quarry 
for  all  subsequent  students  of  Scots  music. 
Many  of  Stenhouse's  alleged  inaccuracies, 
which  Chappell  and  others  have  mentioned 
in  contemptuous  terms,  turn  out,  on  investi- 
gation by  later  and  more  painstaking  students, 
to  be  perfectly  correct  statements.  The  work 
generally  is  not  commendable  on  the  score  of 
correctness. 

Stephen,  Rev.  Edward,  surnamed 
Tanymariax,  composer,  was  born  near  Fes- 
tiniog  in  1822 ;  died  at  Tanymarian,  near 
Baugor,  May  10,  1885.  Composed  the  first 
Welsh  oratorio,  "  The  Sea  of  Tiberius  "  ; 
Llyfr  Tonau  ac  Emynau  [1870] ;  and  various 
collections  of  Welsh  music  issued  principally 
from  Wrexham. 

Stephens,  Catherine,  Countess  of  Essex, 
soprano  vocalist,  born  at  London,  December 
18,  1791.  She  studied  under  Lanza  and  Thos. 
W' elsh,  and  appeared  in  Italian  opera  in  1812, 
and  in  Arne's  "  Artaxerxes,"  1813.  From  then 
till  1835  she  appeared  at  all  the  principal  con- 
certs in  London,  and  at  the  provincial  con- 
certs. She  also  appeared  in  English  opera  at 
Covent  Garden  and  Drury  Lane  Theatres.  In 
1835  she  retired,  and  in  1838  was  married  to 
the  Earl  of  Essex.  She  died  at  London,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1882.  Well-known  in  her  day  as 
"  Kitty  Stephens,"  and  was  famed  as  an  ad- 
mirable exponent  of  English  ballad  music. 

Stephens,  Charles  Edward,  composer, 
pianist,  and  organist,  born  in  London,  March 
18,  1821.  Nephew  of  the  preceding.  Began 
his  studies  at  an  early  age,  his  masters  being 
Cipriani  Potter  for  pf.,  J.  A.  Hamilton  for  har- 
mony, etc.,  and  Henry  Blagrove  for  violin. 
He  first  came  into  notice  as  a  member  of  the 
Society  of  British  Musicians,  an  overture  of 
his  being  rehearsed  in  January,  1842.  He 
pla}-ed  second  violin  in  the  quartets,  and  had 
string  quartets  of  his  own  produced,  one  in 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


393 


STEPHENS. 

G,  in  1843,  and  one  in  F,  1844.  He  became  a 
member  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Musicians  in 
1843,  and  the  same  vear  was  appointed  organist 
of  St.  :Mark's,  Myddelton  Square.  In  1846  he 
was  elected  organist  of  Holy  Trinitv,  Padding- 
ton;  St.  Marks,  Hamilton  Terrace,  1862;  St. 
Clement  Danes,  Strand,  1864;  St.  Saviour's, 
Paddington,  1872,  resigning  in  1875.  He 
occasionally  played  in  public  as  a  pianist,  but 
was  chieflj'  occupied  in  teaching.  Elected  an 
Associate,  18.50,  and  Member,  1857,  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society ;  and  afterwards  fre- 
quently chosen  as  a  Director  ;  and  from  1880 
acted  as  Treasurer.  F.C.O.,  1865;  Hon.  R.A.M., 
1870.  An  original  member  of  the  ^Musical 
Association  (1874),  he  read  several  i^apers  at 
its  meetings.  In  1885  he  was  appointed  one 
of  the  Examiners  for  musical  degrees  at  Cam- 
bridge University.  He  took  an  active  interest 
in  the  I.S.M.,  played  in  his  pf.  duos  at  the 
Conferences  of  1888  and  1890;  and  conducted 
a  performance  of  his  Symphony  in  G  minor, 
at  Mr.  Stockley's  Birmingham  Concerts,  April 
24,  1890,  and  at  the  Philharmonic  Concerts, 
March  19, 1891,  He  died  in  London,  July  13, 
1892. 

WoBKS. — Orchestral :  Two  symphonies ;  Five 
overtures — A  Dream  of  Happiness,  No.  4,  per- 
formed at  the  Royal  Albert  Hall,  October, 
1873;  A  Recollection  of  the  Past,  Philhar- 
monic, April  28, 1880.  Other  orchestral  pieces 
in  ]MS.  String  quartets  in  G,  op.  21  ;  in  F, 
op.  22  (Trinity  College,  London,  Prize  Com- 
positions), 1879;  Quartet  in  B  minor,  op.  2; 
Trio  in  F,  op.  1,  pf.  and  strings;  Allegro  and 
andante  vari6,  for  flute,  oboe,  clarinet,  horn, 
and  bassoon,  1892 ;  Sonata  piacevole,  op.  25, 
pf.  and  flute.  Pianoforte :  Duo  brillant  in  E, 
op.  19  ;  Duo  concertante  in  G,  op.  4,  and  in 
C,  op.  26,  two  pianos.  Sonata  in  A  flat,  op.  8, 
Musical  Artists'  Society,  1882  ;  Romance ; 
Impromptu,  etc.  Transcriptions,  various. 
Organ:  Two  movements,  op.  3;  a  second  set, 
op.  7;  a  third  set,  op.  15;  Fantasia,  Offertoire, 

■etc.  Church  services  and  anthems.  Part- 
song,  men's  voices.  Come,  fill  ye  right  merrily. 
Prize,  Leslie's  Choir,  1858  ;  Glees,  songs,  etc. 
Author  of  article.   Philharmonic  Society,  in 

■Grove's  Dictionary.  Editor  of  The  Choir 
Chant  Book,  containing  513  chants,  with 
Biographical  Notices  of  the  Composers,  Lon- 
don, Bemrose,  1882. 

Samuel  John  Stephens,  his  brother,  born 
in  London,  September  4,  1819,  studied  under 
Potter,  Hamilton,  and  H.  Blagrove.  Appeared 
as  pianist  with  C.  K.  Stephens  at  concerts  in 
1845.  Associate,  1859;  Member,  1888,  Phil- 
harmonic Society.    Engaged  in  teaching,  and 

•esteemed  as  an  excellent  pianist.  Died  at 
Hammersmith,  June  29,  1889. 

Stephens,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  probably  at  Gloucester  about  1720. 
He  was  a  chorister  in  Gloucester  Cathedral, 


STEVEN. 

j  and  in  1746  he  succeeded  Edward  Thomson 
as  organist  there.  In  1763  he  graduated  Mus. 
Doc,  Cambridge,  and  in  1766  he  conducted 
the  Gloucester  Festival.  He  died  at  Salis- 
bury, December  15,  1780.  A  volume  of  his 
compositions  for  the  church  was  issued  at 
Loudon  in  1805,  as  Cathedral  music,  corrected 
and  published  by  Highmore  Skeats.  One  of 
his  pieces  called  the  Chimes  of  Gloucester 
Cathedral,  was  edited  by  C.  L.  Williams. 

Stephenson,  Joseph,  musician  of  the 
18th  century,  who  resided  at  Poole,  in  Dorset. 
He  published  "  Church  Harmony  sacred  to 
devotion,  being  a  choice  set  of  new  anthems 
and  psalm  tunes  on  various  subjects,  having 
the  energy  of  our  English  words  particularly 
expressed,  with  an  air  to  each  different  sub- 
ject," London  [1770].  "The  jNIusical  Com- 
panion, containing  te  deum,  jubilate  in  4 
parts ....  also  2  an  thems  for  a  club  feast 
day ....  the  whole  for  the  use  of  country 
chrirs. ..."  London,  n.d.  Songs:  The  Pipe, 
etc.,  and  other  vocal  music. 

Stephenson,  R,  J.,  author  of  "  Elemen- 
tary elucidations  of  the  naajor  and  minor  of 
Music,  exemplifying  the  diatonic  scale . . . . " 
London  [1817]. 

Stephenson  or  Stevenson,  Robert, 
musician  of  the  16th  century,  who  graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  in  1587,'  and  Mus.  Doc, 
Oxford,  in  1596. 

Stern,  Leo,  violoncellist,  born  at  Brighton. 
His  father,  Leopold  Stern,  was  born  at  Diis- 
seldorf,  but  is  a  naturalised  Englishman,  and 
a  well-known  professor  of  the  violin  and  con- 
ductor, at  Brighton.  His  mother,  as  ^liss 
Annie  Laurence,  was  regarded  as  one  of  the 
best  amateur  pianists  in  the  district.  He 
has  appeai'ed  with  success  at  concerts  in 
London  and  the  provinces  since  about  1886. 
At  the  Philharmonic  Society's  concert,  March 
19,  1896,  he  played,  for  the  first  time, 
Dvorak's  concerto  for  the  violoncello,  op. 
104,  and  with  such  success  that  he  was  in- 
vited by  the  composer  to  play  it  at  Prague, 
which  he  did  on  April  9.  In  the  early  part 
of  1897  he  was  in  New  York.  He  has  two 
sisters  in  the  musical  profession.  His  com- 
positions are  chiefly  for  his  special  instru- 
ment, and  consist  of  a  ^lazurka  Fantastique, 
Melodic  Romantique,  gavotte,  serenade,  etc. ; 
also  songs. 

Steven,  James,  music  publisher  and 
collector,  who  lived  in  Glasgow  as  a  music- 
seller.  He  was  leader  of  psalmody  at  the 
University  Hall.  He  died  previous  to  1833. 
Compiler  of  "  A  Selection  of  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes  in  four  parts ....  to  which  is  added  a 
compendious  introduction...."  Glasgow, 
1801,  vol.  1;  Selection  of  Sacred  music... 
vols.  2,  3,  4,  and  5.  The  sixth  volume  of 
this  collection  was  edited  by  John  TurnbuU 
as  a  "  Selection  of   original   sacred   music," 


394 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


STEVENS. 

Glasgow,  1833  ;  2nd  edition,  1840.  "  Har- 
monia  Sacra,  a  solection  of  the  most  approved 
psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  Glasgow,  n.d.,  2 
vols.  He  also  published  some  music  for  the 
flute,  etc. 

Stevens,  Alfred  Peck,  known  as  Alfred 
Glenville  Vance,  or  even  better  as  the 
"  Great  Vance,"  a  comic  singer,  who  was 
born  in  London,  in  1840.  He  first  appeared 
on  the  stage  and  made  his  debut  as  a  comic 
singer  at  the  Sun  Music  Hall,  Knightsbridge. 
He  also  organised  an  annual  concert  party, 
and  introduced  the  music-hall  style  to  the 
higher  classes  of  society.  While  singing 
"Are  you  Guilty"  at  the  Sun  Music  Hall, 
Knightsbridge,  on  the  night  of  December  26, 
1888,  he  fell  at  the  wings  after  the  third 
verse.  He  was  conveyed  to  St.  George's 
Hospital,  but  died  before  the  cab  reached 
the  institution. 

Stevens,  Rev.  Arthur  Henry,  organist, 
graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1883.  B.A., 
1881 ;  M.A.,  1884.  Organist,  choir-master, 
and  conductor,  Worcester  College,  Oxford ; 
Holy  Trinity,  lioehampton  ;  St.  John's,  Ham- 
mersmith; director  of  the  music,  organist, 
and  precentor,  Dover  College,  Kent.  Has 
given  organ  recitals  in  Canterbury  Cathedral 
(1887),  etc.  Compositions:  Sacred  cantata, 
"  The  Song  of  Tobit "  (MS.) ;  anthems, 
carols,  evening  service ;  scherzo  for  organ, 
etc. 

Stevens,  Charles  Isaac,  author  of  "  An 
Essay  on  the  Theory  of  Music,"  Gottingen, 
1868. 

Stevens,  Jeannie  M.,  see  Hale,  Mns. 
William. 

Stevens,  Richard  John  Samuel,  com- 
poser and  organist,  born  at  London,  1757. 
He  was  trained  as  a  chorister  in  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral  under  Savage,  and  became  organist 
of  the  Temple  Church  in  1786;  and  of  the 
Charter  House,  1796.  Gained  prizes  from 
Catch  Club,  1782  and  1786.  Professor  of 
]\Iusic,  Gresham  College,  1801.  He  died  at 
Peckham,  London,  September  23,  1837. 

WoRK.s. — Eight  Glees  for  4  and  5  voices, 
op.  3,  London  [1790]  ;  Eight  Glees,  op.  4, 
London  [1792] ;  Ten  Glees  for  3,  4,  5  and  6 
voices,  op.  5,  London  [1800]  ;  Seven  Glees, 
op  6,  London  [1808] .  Eight  Glees,  expressly 
composed  for  Ladies.  Sacred  Music  for  1,  2, 
3  and  4  voices,  consisting  of  Selections  from 
the  works  of  the  most  esteemed  composers, 
Italian  and  English,  London,  n.d.,  3  vols. 
Ten  Songs,  with  an  accompaniment  for  two 
violins,  London,  n.d. 

One  of  the  most  popular  of  English  glee 
composers.  Some  of  his  works  are  in  constant 
use  at  the  present  time.  Among  his  best 
known  glees  are  "From  Oberon  in  Fairy 
Land,"  "  Sigh  no  more,  Ladies,"  "  Ye  spotted 
snakes,"  "  The  cloud-capt  towers,"  "  Crabbed 


STEWAET. 

age  and  Youth,"  etc.     Many  of  his  glees  still 
remain  in  manuscript. 

Stevens,  William  Seaman,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Westminster  in  1778.  He 
studied  under  R.  J.  S.  Stevens,  Dr.  Cooke, 
and  T.  Smart.  Author  of  "Treatise  on  Piano- 
forte Expression,  containing  the  Principles  of 
Fine  Playing  on  that  Instrument,".  .London, 
1811.  Composer  of  Lyric  recitation  of  the 
garden  scene  in  Romeo  and  Juliet  [1815] ; 
Ladies  canzonets,  1795.  Songs :  Mary,  or 
the  beauty  of  Buttermere,  The  Naiad, 
etc. 

Stevenson,  Sir  John  Andrew,  com- 
poser, born  at  Dublin,  1761-62,  son  of  John 
Stevenson,  a  Scottish  violinist  from  Glasgow, 
who  settled  in  Dublin.  He  studied  under 
Dr.  ]\Iurphy,  and  was  a  Chorister  in  St. 
Patrick's  Cathedral,  1775-80,  and  Vicar- 
choral,  1783.  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin,  1791. 
Vicar-choral,  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dub- 
lin, 1800;  and  Chorister  in  Trinity  College, 
Dublin.  Married  to  daughter  of  Mr.  Morton, 
of  the  Custom  House,  Dublin.  Knighted, 
1803.  His  daughter  was  married  to  the  Earl 
of  Headfort.  He  died  at  his  daughter's 
house  in  Meath,  September  14,  1833. 

Works. — Music  to  The  Son-in-Law  ;  The 
Patriot ;  Border  Feuds ;  Bedouins  ;  Spanish 
Patriots;  Agreeable  surprise;  Contract,  1783; 
and  Love  in  a  blaze,  1800,  etc.  Thanksgiving, 
an  oratorio.  Morning  and  Evening  Services 
and  Anthems  for  the  use  of  the  church  of 
England, .  .London,  2  vols.  [1825].  Glees: 
See  our  oars  with  feathered  spray  ;  Welcome 
frieuds  of  harmony ;  To  thy  lover,  dear, 
discover;  Hail!  to  the  mighty  pow'r  of  song  ; 
Dublin  Cries  (round),  etc.  Canons,  catches,, 
and  glees  (collected),  London.  Duets  and 
songs.  Moore's  Irish  Melodies,  with  sym- 
phonies and  accompaniments  by  Sir  John 
Stevenson  and  Heury  R.  Bishop  10  parts  and 
supplement,  1807-34;  re-issued,  harmonized, 
1858.  A  series  of  sacred  songs,  duets,  and 
trios,  the  words  by  Thomas  Moore.  .London, 
n.d.  A  selection  of  Popular  National  Airs, 
with  symphonies  and  accompaniments  by  Sir 
John  Stevenson,.  .London,  1818,  2  vols.,  illus- 
trated. 

Stewart,  Charles,  composer  and  violinist, 
who  flourished  in  the  latter  part  of  last  and 
early  in  the  present  century.  He  was  a 
musician  and  teacher  of  dancing  in  Leith 
and  Edinburgh,  and  died  in  June,  1818.  He 
issued  two  collections  of  Reels,  Strathspeys, 
etc.,  entitled  "  Collection  of  Strathspey,, 
reels,  giggs,  etc.,  with  a  bass  for  the  violon- 
cello or  harpsichord."  Edinburgh,  1799. 
"  First  Book  of  Minuets,  high  dances,  etc."' 
[1805].  His  son,  Robert  Barclay  Stewart, 
violinist,  was  born  on  October  19,  1804.  In 
1858  he  was  leader  at  the  Theatre  Royal,. 
Edinburgh,   and   was   mostly   engaged   as   a 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


395 


STEWART. 

performer  at  concerts,  balls,  etc.,  in  Edin- 
burgh and  its  neighbourhood.  He  died  at 
Edinburgh,  May  IG,  1885.  Compiler  of  "  A 
new  set  of  military  quadrilles  arranged  for 
the  pianoforte,"  182G ;  and  a  largo  collection 
of  Scots  dance  music,  also  composer  of  the 
Jolly  volunteer,  song  ;  Scott  centenary  quad- 
rille, etc. 

Stewart,  Charles,  collector,  born  at 
Glenlyon  House,  Fortingall,  December  24, 
1823,  He  is  a  lieut. -colonel  in  the  army. 
Published  "The  Killin  Collection  of  Gaelic 
Songs,  with  music  and  translations,"  Edin- 
burgh, 1884. 

Stewart,  Mrs. Colonel,  see  Wainwright, 
Harkiet. 

Stewart,  Neil,  Scottish  music-seller,  pub- 
lisher, and  editor,  flourished  in  Edinburgh  in 
latter  half  of  last  and  beginning  of  present 
century.  He  carried  on  business  between 
1759-1805,  at  the  sign  of  the  Violin  and 
German  Flute,  and  Violin  and  Guitar,  in 
various  parts  of  Edinburgh,  and  in  partner- 
ship with  his  son  Malcolm.  In  1805  the 
whole  stock  of  the  firm  was  sold  by  auction. 
Published,  A  new  collection  of  Scots  and 
English  tunes,  adapted  to  the  guitar  .  .  Edin- 
burgh [17G0].  A  collection  of  the  newest  and 
best  reels  or  country  dances,  adapted  for  the 
violin  or  German  flute,  with  a  bass  for  the 
violoncello  or  harpsichord,  Edinburgh  [17G1- 
62],  issued  in  9  parts.  A  collection  of  the 
newest  and  best  Minuets..  [1770].  A  second 
collection  of  airs  and  marches  for  two  violins, 
German  flutes,  and  hautboys,  all  of  which 
have  basses  for  the  violoncello  or  harpsichord, 
Edinburgh.  A  collection  of  Scots  songs 
adapted  for  a  voice  or  harpsichord,  Edin- 
burgh [1790] .  A  collection  of  catches,  canons, 
glees,  duettos,  etc.,  selected  from  the  works 
of  the  most  eminent  composers,  ancient  and 
modern,  Edinburgh  [1780]. 

Stewart,  Nellie,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
in  Australia.  Created  on  the  Australian  stage 
the  heroines  in  the  later  Gilbert-Sullivan 
operas,  being  particularly  successful  in  the 
"  Mikado."  Organised  and  directed  a  com- 
pany with  success,  and  being  advised  to  visit 
England,  took  her  farewell  at  Melbourne,  in 
"Paul  Jones,"  January  22,  1891.  Made  her 
first  appearance  at  the  Prince  of  Wales' 
Theatre,  London,  February  6, 1892,  in  "  Blue- 
eyed  Susan,"  with  much  success. 

Stewart,  Sir  Robert  Prescott,  Kt., 
organist,  composer,  and  writer,  born  at  Dub- 
lin, December  16,  1825.  Son  of  Charles  F. 
Stewart,  librarian  of  the  King's  Inns,  Dubliu. 
Received  his  musical  education  in  the  school 
of  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  Dublin,  and  was 
appointed  cathedral  organist  in  1844,  as  well 
as  at  St.  Patrick's,  and  Trinity  College.  In 
1846  he  became  conductor  of  the  University 
Choral  Society ;   graduated  Mas.  Bac,  and 


STIDOLPH. 

Mus.  Doc,  Dublin,  1851  ;  and  in  18G1  was 
appointed  professor  of  music  in  Dublin  Uni- 
versity. There  was  no  fund  from  which  to 
pay  an  organist  at  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  so 
in  1852  he  was  made  a  vicar-choral,  with  the 
understanding  that  he  would  continue  to  play 
the  organ  as  he  had  previously  done.  In  1872 
he  was  invited  to  represent  Ireland  at  the 
Peace  Festival  held  at  Boston,  U.S.A.  ;  he  did 
not  go,  but  sent  an  Ode,  in  which  Irish  and 
American  airs  were  worked  up.  About  that 
time  he  began  his  connection  with  the  Royal 
Irish  Academy  of  Music,  as  professor  of  har- 
mony, organ,  etc.  In  1873  he  was  appointed 
conductor  of  the  Dublin  Philharmonic.  He 
was  a  remarkably  fine  organ  pbiycr,  and  gave 
performances  in  many  parts  of  England,  his 
extemporisations  being  masterly.  He  trav- 
elled a  good  deal,  and  had  great  literary 
powers,  as  shown  in  his  numerous  lectures ; 
and  he  was  an  authority  on  bagpipes  of  all 
kinds.  In  1872  he  was  knighted  by  Earl 
Spencer,  and  received  many  public  tokens  of 
admiration  at  the  same  time.  He  died  at 
Dublin,  March  25,  1894. 

Works. — Ode  to  Industry,  Cork  Exhibition, 
1852 ;  A  Winter  night's  wake  (1858),  and 
The  eve  of  St.  John,  cantatas  ;  Ode  to  Shake- 
speare, Birmingham  Festival,  1870;  "Com- 
mittee "  cantata.  University  Choral  Society, 
1 889 ;  Ode  for  Tercentenary  Festival  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  July  5,  1892.  Ten  other  can- 
tatas and  odes  in  MS.  Church  service  in  B 
fiat,  for  double  choir ;  Services,  various  ;  ]\Iotets 
and  anthems,  twelve  published,  others  in  MS. 
Musical  editor  of  Church  Hymnal.  Glee,  O 
Nightingale ''Milton),  Hibernian  Catch  Club 
Prize,  1848  ;  five  other  prize  glees  The  bells 
of  St.  Michael's  tower  ;  Fairest  flower  ;  The 
dream  ;  Haymakers'  song ;  and  other  part- 
songs.  Song,  The  Reefer,  Orchestra  prize, 
1865 ;  many  songs,  published  and  in  MS. 
Suite  in  G,  violins,  Dublin,  1891.  Orchestral 
music,  MS.  Concert  fantasia  in  D  miuor, 
and  other  pieces  for  organ.  Lectures  :  Ancient 
Irish  music  ;  Irish  composers  ;  Bagpipes ; 
Eastern  music  ;  Musical  epochs,  etc.  Essays 
in  Cassell's  Biographical  Dictionary ;  and 
articles  in  Grove's  Dictionary. 

Stidolph,  Harold  Edward,  Organist, 
born  at  Tunbridge,  Kent,  1845.  Articled 
pupil  of  Walter  Bond  Gilbert.  When  eight 
years  old,  played  the  services  in  Tunbridge 
Parish  Church,  and  acted  as  organist  at  the 
Chapel  of  the  Grammar  School,  while  a  pupil 
there.  In  1863  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  Speen  Parish  Church, , 
Berkshire,  and,  a  year  later,  to  the  Parish 
Church,  Chelmsford  ;  and  also  choirmaster  of 
the  Diocesan  IMusic  Association.  There  he 
founded  a  Vocal  and  Instrumental  Associa- 
tion. In  1876  he  was  chosen,  after  competi- 
tion, organist  of  Ealing  Parish  Church,  and, 


306 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


STILLIE. 

in  1880  of  Christ  Church,  Ealing.  In  this 
place  he  started  a  series  of  popular  concerts. 
In  1S84  he  went  to  Cape  Town,  and  after 
holding  various  appointments,  settled  in 
Johanuesburgh,  where  he  was  organist  of  St. 
Augustine's,  Doonifontein.  Now  resident  at 
Wynberg,  Cape  Town.  In  1887,  he  toured 
Cape  Colony  with  Remenyi,  and  has  conducted 
performances  of  opera.  He  composed  a 
national  part-song,  "Around  the  Throne  of 
England";  also  church  music,  and  songs. 
He  has  contributed  to  the  local  press,  and  is 
known  as  a  writer  of  verse.  A  Colonial 
national  anthem,  and  lyric  tributes  to  visiting 
artists,  being  successful  efforts  of  his  muse. 

Stillie,  Thomas  Logan,  amateur  mu- 
sician and  writer,  born  at  Maybole  in  1832. 
He  was  engaged  in  business  in  Glasgow,  and 
acted  for  manj'  years  as  musical  critic  for 
the  Glasgow  Herald.  He  died  at  Glasgow, 
June  6,  1883.  He  left  a  valuable  library  to 
the  Universit}'  of  Glasgow. 

Stillingfleet,  Benjamin,  poet,  musician, 
and  naturalist,  was  born  in  1702,  and  died  in 
1771.  Author  of  the  words  of  five  oratorios, 
and  of  a  "  Treatise  on  the  principles  and 
power  of  harmony,"  London,  1771,  a  com- 
mentary on  Tartini's  "  Trattato  di  Musica." 

Stillingfleet,  Rev.  Henry  Anthony, 
author  of  "  The  antiquity  and  advantages  of 
church  music,  a  sermon,"  1803. 

Stimpson,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Lincoln,  February  29,  1820.  His 
father  was  a  lay-vicar  of  Lincoln  Cathedral, 
but  removed  to  Durham  in  1822.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  Durliam  Cathedral  in  1827,  and 
in  1834,  he  was  articled  to  Mr.  Ingham,  the 
organist  of  Carlisle  Cathedral.  In  1836,  he 
became  organist  of  St.  Andrew's,  Newcastle  ; 
and  in  1841,  he  succeeded  as  organist  of 
Carlisle  Cathedral.  He  was  appointed  or- 
ganist of  the  Town  Hall,  Birmingham  in  1842, 
and  in  the  same  year  took  a  similar  appoint- 
ment at  St.  Paul's  Church  ;  organist  of  St. 
Martin's  Church,  1852;  Francis  Road  Chapel, 
Edgbaston,  from  1869.  He  founded  the 
Birmingham  Festival  Choral  Society  in  1843, 
and  was  its  conductor  till  1855.  Professor  of 
Music  at  the  Birmingham  Institution  for  the 
Blind.  He  gave  many  important  organ 
recitals  in  Birmingham,  and  superintended 
the  production  of  Mendelssohn's  "  Elijah." 
He  died  at  Birmingham,  October  4,  1886. 
Editor  of  "  Services  of  the  Church :  being 
those  portions  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer, 
which  are  appointed  to  be  chanted,  arranged 
for  the  use  of  congregations  and  choirs," 
Newcastle,  Richardson,  1840;  "  The  Organist's 
Standard  Library,"  etc. ;  and  composed  songs 
and  pf.  music,  .\uthor  of  a  "  Manual  of  the 
theory  of  Music." 

Stimpson,  Orlando  John,  organist  and 
teacher,    born   at    Durham,    June   21,    1835, 


STOCKLEY. 

brother  of  the  preceding.  Received  his 
musical  training  at  Durham  Cathedral. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1871 ;  Mus. 
Bac.  ad  ewidein,  Durham,  1871.  Music 
master,  Durham  Diocesan  Training  College, 
1871.  Now  resident  at  Tunbridge  Wells. 
Author  of  "  Singing  Class  Book  for  use  in 
Elementary  Schools,  Glasgow,  1877. 

Stirling,  Elizabeth,  Mrs.  F.  A.  Bridge, 
organist  and  composer,  born  at  Greenwich, 
February  26,  1819.  Studied  under  W.  B, 
Wilson,  Edward  Holmes,  J.  A.  Hamilton,  and 
G.  A.  ^lacfarren.  In  1839,  she  was  appointed 
organist  of  All  Saint's,  Poplar,  an  office  she 
retained  until  1858.  In  1856,  she  presented 
an  Exercise,  Psalm  130,  for  5  voices,  and 
orchestra,  for  the  degree  of  Mus.  Bac.  at 
Oxford ;  but  though  it  passed  the  examiners, 
there  was  no  power  to  confer  the  degree.  She 
was  organist  of  St.  Andrew's,  Undershaft, 
from  1858  to  1880,  when  she  resigned.  An 
expert  organist,  she  was  one  of  the  earliest  to 
play  Bach's  fugues,  and  gave  iDerformances  at 
the  ApoUonicon,  in  different  London  Churches, 
and  at  the  International  Exhibition  of  1862. 
As  a  composer  she  will  be  known  by  her  Six 
Pedal  fugues,  and  slow  movements  for  the 
organ,  but  more  for  her  part-songs  of  which 
"  All  among  the  barley  "  achieved  remarkable 
popularity.  Her  marriage  with  Mr.  P.  A. 
Bridge  took  place  IMay  16,  1863.  She  died  in 
London,  IMarch  25,  1895. 

Stockley,  William  Cole,  organist  and 
conductor,  born  at  Farningham,  Kent,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1830.  Studied  locally,  and  appeared 
at  concerts.  In  1849  went  to  Birmingham, 
and  entered  the  house  of  Sabin,  music-sellers, 
etc.  Became  organist  of  St.  Stephen's  ;  St. 
Mary's ;  and  St.  Luke's  churches  ;  and  up  to 
1889,  was  organist  at  Carr's  Lane  Chapel. 
He  formed  a  Choral  Society  while  at  St. 
Stephen's  ;  and  in  1855  was  invited  to  become 
conductor  of  the  Festival  Choral  Society. 
He  gave  up  business  in  accepting  the  offer; 
and  his  first  work  was  to  conduct  a  perfor- 
mance of  the  "  IMessiah,"  on  Boxing  Night, 
1855.  On  December  20,  1894,  he  conducted 
the  40th  consecutive  annual  performance  of 
the  same.  He  severed  his  connection  with  the 
Society  in  1895.  He  was  also  conductor  of 
Societies  at  Wolverhampton,  conducting  the 
Festivals  there  to  1880 ;  and  at  Walsall  and 
elsewhere.  Gave  his  first  Orchestral  Concert 
in  Birmingham  Town  Hall,  December  11, 
1873,  and  his  last,  March  11,  1897.  During 
this  period  he  introduced  many  works  and 
composers  to  the  city,  and  made  the  nearest 
approach  to  a  permanent  orchestra  that 
Birmingham  has  witnessed.  As  choirmaster 
to  the  Birmingham  Festival,  1858-94,  his 
work  and  experience  have  been  unique.  In 
1873  he  resumed  business,  and  resigned  his 
teaching  connection  and  many  appointments. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   lilOGKAPHY. 


397 


STOCKS. 

He  has  received  many  tokens  of  the  apprecia- 
tion in  which  his  public  work  has  been  held. 

Stocks,  William  Henry,  organist  born 
at  Chatteris,  Isle  of  Ely,  August  13,  18G0. 
Received  his  earliest  musical  training  from  his 
father,  and  at  the  age  of  thirteen  was  appointed 
music-reader  at  the  Royal  Normal  College  for 
the  Blind,  Norwood.  Among  those  he  assisted 
in  this  capacity  was  Prince  Alexander,  now 
Landgrave  of  Hesse.  He  also  accompanied 
the  pupils  of  the  College  to  Windsor,  when 
performances  were  given  before  Her  Majesty. 
While  at  the  College  he  studied  pf .  with  Oscar 
Beringer,  and  Fritz  Hartvigson,  and  organ 
playing  and  choir-training  under  Dr.  E.  J. 
Hopkins.  Harmony  and  composition  was 
studied  with  H.  C.  Banister,  and  further  pf. 
studv  pursued  with  Dr.  von  Biilow,  at  Berlin. 
A.R.C.O.,  1885,  and  L.R.A.M.  (organ),  1887. 
In  1879,  was  appointed  private  organist  to 
Sir  Robert  Menzies.  After  holding  other 
positions,  was  appointed  assistant  music- 
master  at  Dulwich  College, '  in  1885,  and 
organist  of  the  College  Chapel,  1887.  Author 
of  A  short  Hist-jry  of  the  Organ,  Organists, 
and  Services  of  the  Chapel  of  AUeyn's  College 
of  God's  Gift  at  Dulwich  (W.  Reeves,  1891), 
a  most  interesting  book. 

Stokes,  Charles,  organist  and  composer, 
born  in  1781.  Chorister  S.  Paul's  Cathedral, 
London.  Organist  at  Croyden,  etc.  He  died 
at  London,  April  14,  1839.  Composer  of  an- 
thems, glees,  songs,  and  organ  music.  Also 
"  The  Banquet,  a  selection  from  the  music 
performed  at  the  Caledonian  Asylum,"  1817. 

Stokes,  Walter,  composer,  born  at  Ship- 
ston-upou-Stour,  Worcester,  June  28,  1847. 
His  parents  were  parochial  school  teachers, 
and  his  father,  a  good  baritone  singer,  acted 
as  choirmaster,  and  his  mother  as  organist,  of 
the  parish  church.  The  son  was  intended  for 
the  scholastic  profession,  and  after  being  a 
pupil  teacher,  he  obtained  a  Scholarship  at 
Saltley  College,  Birmingham,  and  held  posi- 
tions in  schools  in  London  and  Birmingham. 
From  his  childhood  he  was  devoted  to  music. 
He  received  his  first  lessons  from  Mr.  J. 
Bourne,  of  Stourbridge ;  then  had  organ 
lessons  from  Dr.  Roland  Rogers ;  and  later 
studied  under  Dr.  Belcher,  and  composition 
under  Dr.  C.  S.  Heap.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1878;  Mus.  Doc,  1882,  Cambridge.  Now 
resident  in  Worcester.  His  compositions  in- 
clude a  Cantata,  "The  Idol  Bel,"  for  soli, 
eight-part  chorus  and  orchestra  (in  ISIS.) ;  and 
he  has  published  a  large  number  of  songs  and 
part-songs.  Also  a  sonata  for  violin  and  pf., 
prize  composition,  performed  at  the  I.S.M. 
Conference  at  Bristol,  January,  1890 ;  Sonata 
for  pf.  ;  pieces  and  studies  for  pf.  ;  pieces  for 
violin,  organ,  etc. 

Stonard,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser.     He  was  organist  of  Christ  Church, 


STORACE. 

Oxford,  and  graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxon.,  in 
1G08.  He  died  in  1G30.  Composer  of  an- 
thems in  Clifford's  Collection,  and  in  MS.  in 
the  Music  School  of  Oxford. 

Stone,  Alfred,  musician,  born  at  Bristol 
in  1841  ;  died  there  January  3,  1878.  Or- 
ganist successively  of  St.  Paul's,  Clifton ; 
Arley  Chapel  and  Highbury  Chapel,  Bristol. 
He  was  conductor  of  the  Orpheus  Glee 
Society,  teacher  of  music  in  several  Bristol 
schools,  and  organised  and  was  chorus- 
master  of  the  Bristol  musical  festivals  of 
1873  and  1876.  He  edited  "The  Bristol 
Tune  Book,"  revised  edition,  1876.  Stone 
did  much  to  popularize  music  in  Bristol. 

Stone,  William  Henry,  physician,  and 
amateur  musician,  burn  July  8,  1830.  Only 
son  of  the  late  Rev.  William  Stone,  sometime 
canon  of  Canterbury  Cathedral.  Educated 
at  Balliol  College,  Oxford,  graduating  B.A. 
1852  ;  M.A.  Entered  the  medical  profession, 
taking  degree  of  M.B.  1856.  Among  his 
appointments  was  that  of  consulting  phy- 
sician and  lecturer  on  Physics  at  St.  Thomas's 
Hospital,  London.  In  1881  he  accepted  the 
office  of  lecturer  on  musical  acoustics  at 
Trinity  College,  London.  An  enthusiastic 
amateur,  he  played  the  double-bassoon,  and 
also  the  oboe  di  caccia,  the  latter  in  Bach's. 
Christmas  Oratorio  in  Westminster  Abbey, 
and  at  the  Hereford  Festival  of  1879.  He 
was  an  authority  on  wind  instruments, 
especially  those  of  ancient  date,  and  had  a 
fine  collection  of  them.  His  articles  in 
Grove's  "Dictionary"  display  his  knowledge 
in  this  direction.  Author  of  Sound  as 
Music,  1876  ;  Elementary  Lessons  on  Sound, 
1879 ;  and  The  Scientific  Basis  of  Music, 
Novello. 

Stonex,  Henry,  organist  and  conductor, 
born  at  Norwich,  1823.  Studied  first  under 
James  Harcourt,  and  afterwards  was  appren- 
ticed to  Dr.  Buck.  In  June,  1850,  he  was 
appointed  organist  of  Great  Yarmouth  Parish 
Church,  an  office  he  held  till  the  close  of 
1894,  when  he  resigned  through  ill-health. 
He  gave  the  first  recital  on  the  fine  new 
organ  in  the  church,  January  22,  1883.  The 
Yarmouth  Musical  Society  was  under  his 
direction  for  many  years  up  to  1894.  A 
public  presentation  was  made  him  in  I\Iay, 
1893,  for  his  services  to  music  in  Yarmouth. 
He  died  in  that  town,  January  10,  1897, 
aged  73. 

Storace,  Anna  Selina,  soprano  vocalist, 
born  at  London  in  1766.  She  was  the  daugh- 
ter of  Stefano  Storace,  an  Italian  double-bass 
player,  and  sister  of  Stephen  Storace.  She 
studied  under  her  father  and  Rauzzini,  and 
appeared  as  a  concert  vocalist  in  London, 
1774-1778.  .Afterwards  she  studied  at  Venice 
under  Sacchini,  and  sang  at  Florence,  1780 ; 
Parma,    1781 ;    Milan,    1782 ;    and    Vieuna,. 


308 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    lUOGllAPHY. 


STORAGE. 

1784.  :Married  to  J.  A.  Fisher,  1784,  but 
separated  from  him  soon  afterwards.  She 
appeared  in  Mozart's  "Figaro,"  at  Vienna, 
178G.  Returned  to  London  and  appeared  in 
English  and  Italian  opera  from  1787.  Sang 
at  Handel  Festival,  1791.  Retired  in  1808, 
and  died  at  Duhvich,  London,  August  24, 
1817. 

Storace,  Stephen,  composer,  born  at 
London  in  17G3.  Son  of  Stefano  Storace,  an 
Italian  double-bass  player.  He  studied  under 
his  father,  and  at  Naples  in  the  Conservatorio 
of  St.  Onofrio.  Resided  in  London  as  com- 
poser to  the  princij^al  theatres.  He  died  at 
London,  ]\Iarch  19,  1796. 

Works. — Musical  Dramas:  Gli  sposi  mal- 
contenti,  1785  ;  Gli  Equivoci,  Vienna,  178G  ; 
Doctor  and  Apothecar)',  London,  1788; 
Haunted  Tower,  1789  ;  La  Cameriera  astuta, 
1790 ;  No  song  no  supper,  by  Prince  Hoare, 
1790 ;  Siege  of  Belgrade,  1791  ;  Cave  of  Tro- 
phonius,  1791 ;  L'irates,  1792 ;  Dido,  1792  ; 
The  Prize,  1793;  My  Grandmother,  1793; 
Venus  and  .\donis,  1794  ;  Glorious  First  of 
June,  entertainment  for  the  benefit  of  the 
widows,  etc.,  of  the  men  who  fell  in  the  late 
engagement  under  Lord  Howe,  1794;  Lodo- 
iska,  1794 ;  Cherokee,  1794 ;  Le  Nozze  di 
Dorina,  1795 ;  Iron  Chest  (Colman),  1796  ; 
Mahmoud,  1796 ;  Three  and  the  Deuce,  1795. 
Lamentation  of  jNIarie  .Antoinette  ;  Captivity, 
a  ballad  (1793) ;  Shepherds,  I  have  lost  my 
love,  song.  Collection  of  original  harpsichord 
music,  London,  1790,  2  vols.  Six  easy  and 
progressive  sonatinas  for  pf.  or  harpsichord. 
Three  sonatas  for  harpsichord  or  pf.  [1785] . 

Storer,  John,  composer,  organist,  and 
critic,  born  at  Hullaud,  near  Derby,  May  18, 
1858.  Choirboy,  Ashbourne  Parish  Church, 
to  1869,  when  his  parents  removed  to  Scar- 
borough. He  then  entered  the  choir  of  All 
Saints',  Scarborough ;  was  solo  boy,  and 
afterwards  articled  pupil  of  Dr.  John  Naylor. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1878  ;  and  in 
1886  took  the  Mus.  Doc.  degree,  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Toronto.  Organist  and  choirmaster, 
St.  Michael's,  Whitby,  1879-81,  when  he  left 
to  study  composition  in  London.  Returned 
to  Scarborough,  1882,  as  organist  of  the  parish 
church,  and  conductor  of  the  Scarborough 
Philharmonic  Society.  Organist  of  the  Parish 
Church,  Folkestone,  1885-7,  when  he  joined 
the  Roman  Communion.  He  then  undertook 
similar  duties  at  the  Church  of  the  Redemp- 
torist  Fathers,  Clapham,  London.  Resigned 
in  1891  to  devote  more  time  to  composition, 
for  which  he  was  attracting  notice.  Has  been 
musical  director  at  the  Globe,  Royalty,  Strand, 
Olympic,  and  other  theatres  at  di  fferent  times. 
Musical  critic  to  The  Morning,  1894,  St.  Paul's, 
and  Court  Circular,  and  contributor  to  other 
papers.  At  present  time  he  is  director  of  the 
musical    studies    at    St.   Gregory's    College, 


STRATTON. 

Downside,  Bath,  and  takes  Sunday  duty  as 
organist  at  the  new  Benedictine  Church 
attached  to  Downside  Monastery. 

Works. — Festival  ilass  in  P,  1888 ;  IMass 
of  Our  Lady  of  Ransom,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  op.  50,  1891  ;  Grand  Solemn  Mass 
in  F  minor,  1895.  Anthems,  etc.  Comic 
opera.  The  Punchbowl,  Novelty  Theatre  1887 ; 
Comedy  opera,  Gretna  Green,  Comedy  Thea- 
tre, 1890 ;  Operettas,  various.  Part-songs. 
Six  vocal  impromptus,  songs,  etc  Dramatic 
cantata.  The  Tournament,  1885 ;  Concert 
overture,  composed  for  the  opening  of  the 
Folkestone  Fine  .\rt  Treasures  Exhibition, 
May  22,  1886.     Organ  and  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Strachan,  James  Kelt,  organist,  bora 
at  Errol,  Perthshire,  October  1,  1860.  Choir- 
boy at  St.  Paul's  Episcopal  Church,  Dundee, 
and  pupil  of  W.  H.  Richmond  and  John 
Kinross.  At  sixteen  he  was  appointed  organ- 
ist at  St.  Enoch's,  Dundee;  and  two  years 
later  at  Kelvingrove  United  Presbyterian 
T'lnirch,  Glasgow.  At  this  time  he  studied 
under  Dr.  Amies,  and  went  to  Paris  for  some 
months,  studying  under  Alexandre  Guilmant, 
the  two  henceforth  becoming  fast  friends. 
Returning  to  Glasgow,  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  Claremont  United  Presbyterian 
Church  ;  and  in  1892,  of  the  Free  College 
Church,  where  he  still  officiates.  It  is  as  a 
concert  organist  that  he  is  most  widely  known  ; 
and  his  recitals  at  St.  .Andrew's  Hall,  Glasgow ; 
the  Royal  .Albert  Hall,  Kensington  ;  the  Bow 
and  Bromley  Institute,  etc.,  have  established 
his  reputation  as  one  of  the  finest  executants 
of  the  day. 

Strang,  Walter,  composer  and  teacher, 
was  born  at  Edinburgh  on  December  26, 1825. 
He  was  choirmaster  of  Free  St.  George's 
Church,  Edinburgh,  from  1848  till  1885,  and 
from  1867  to  1889  he  was  precentor  to  the 
General  Assembly  of  the  Free  Church.  He 
was  music  master  at  the  Free  Church  Normal 
and  other  schools  in  Edinburgh  for  many 
years.  His  compositions  include  hymn  tunes 
and  school  songs,  some  of  which  latter  appear 
in  his  "  School  Music,"  Edinburgh,  1858. 

Stratton,  Alexander,  musician  of  the 
early  part  of  the  present  century,  who  was  a 
teacher  of  music  in  Banff.  He  published  a 
"  Collection  of  Waltzes,  Opera  Dances,  Strath- 
speys and  Reels,  arranged  for  the  pf.,  violin, 
and  German  flute,"  n.d. 

Stratton,  Stephen  Samuel,  composer, 
writer,  and  lecturer,  born  at  London,  Decem- 
ber 19,  1840.  He  first  studied  the  pf.  under 
Miss  Elizabeth  Chamberlaine  (Mrs.  H.  von 
Hiiff),  and  subsequently  the  organ  under 
Charles  Gardnerj  and  composition  under 
Charles  Lucas.  Assistant  organist,  St. 
Michael's,  Paddington,  1862;  organist,  St. 
Mary  the  Virgin,  Crown  Street,  Soho,  1863. 
From  1864  to  1866  he  was  professor  of  music 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGHAPHY. 


309 


STREATFEILD. 

at  Tottetidge  Park  School,  Herts.,  and  or- 
ganist of  St.  James's,  Friern  Barnet.  Was  an 
original  member  of  the  College  of  Organists, 
1864,  resigning  in  1894.  In  186G  he  settled  in 
Birmingham  as  a  teacher,  and  was  organist  of 
bt.  Barnabas  Church,  1866-7 ;  Edgbaston 
Parish  Church,  1807-75 ;  St.  John's,  Harborne, 
1876-7;  and  Church  of  the  Saviour,  Birming- 
ham, 1878-82.  He  is  an  Associate  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society,  1882 ;  and  musical 
critic  of  the  Birniinghavi  Daily  Post.  He 
has  published  some  church  music,  songs, 
and  part-songs,  and  pf.  pieces. 

Streatfeild,  R.  A.,  is  the  author  of 
"  Masters  of  Italian  Music,"  London, 
Osgood,  1895;  and  "The  Opera:,  a  history 
of  the  development  of  opera,  with  full 
descriptions  of  all  works  in  the  modern 
repertory,"  London,  Nimmo,  1896.  The  first- 
named  work  treats  only  of  modern  composers 
like  Verdi,  Boito,  Mascagni,  etc. 

Street,  Josiah,  musician  of  the  18tk 
century,  compiler  of  "  A  Book  containing 
great  variety  of  Anthems  in  2,  3,  4,  and  6 
parts,  likewise  a  set  of  Psalm-tunes  in  4 
parts,.."  London,  n.d.  [1729];  2iid  edition, 
1746;  -Srd  edition,  1785. 

Strelezki,  Anton.  The  noni  de  plume  of 
"an  English  composer,  whose  real  name  is 
understood  to  be  Burxand.  Born  at  Croydon, 
December  5,  18-59  (Pauer's  Dictionary  of 
Pianists).  Pupil  of  the  Leipzig  Conserva- 
torium,  and  later  of  Madame  Schumann. 
Has  given  recitals  in  America.  He  is  a  most 
voluminous  writer  for  the  pianoforte,  his 
principal  compositions  being  Eight  pieces, 
op.  47  ;  Three  pieces,  op.  146  ;  Three  books  of 
pieces,  op.  191,197,204;  Leichte  Klavierstiicke, 
op.  220 ;  besides  Polonaises,  a  grand  Taran- 
tella, Barcarolle,  and  many  detached  pieces. 
Also  a  ilinuet  for  pf .  and  violin,  and  some  songs. 

Stretton,  A.  J.,  bandmaster.  Received 
his  early  education  in  the  Royal  Artillery 
Band  Is  an  excellent  violinist,  and  has  a 
general  knowledge  of  every  instrument.  Ap- 
pointed bandmaster,  2nd  Battalion  Cheshire 
Regiment,  189.3  ;  Musical  Director,  Kneller 
Hall,  February,  1896,  with  honorary  rank  of 
Lieutenant. 

Strong,  David,  tenor  vocalist,  born  in 
London,  March  9,  1852.  He  has  given  con- 
certs, and  has  appeared  with  success  as  a 
vocalist ;  and  is  well  known  as  a  teacher.  In 
1886,  he  was  appointed  a  Gentleman  of  Her 
Majesty's  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James',  and  also 
a  Professor  at  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music. 

Stroud,  Charles,  composer,  who  was  born 
in  1710.  He  was  a  pupil  of  Dr.  Blow.  Died 
at  London,  April  26,  1726,  in  his  16th  year. 
He  composed  anthems  which  possessed  merit, 
and  was  a  musician  of  promise. 

Stroud,  Henry  Charles,  see  Henry, 
Chaplin. 


SUCH. 

Stuart,    Ralph,    pianist,    born   at   Dart- 

'  moutli,    Devon.      His   father   was   an    army 

!  staff-surgeon.       He   studied   at    Leipzig   and 

Heidelberg,  and  in  1880,  went  to  New  Zealand 

'  for  the  benefit  of  his  health.     He  was  heard 

in  concerts  at  the  principal  towns  there,  and 

!  in    Australia ;    and   was   the    pianist   of   the 

'  ]\relba  Concert  Party.     In  July.  1888.  he  gave 

a  Chopin  recital  at  the  Princes'  Hall,  London ; 

and  has  since  given  recitals  at  various  times, 

'  making  a  speciality  of  his  interpretation  of 

the  music  of  Chopin. 
'  Stubley,  Simon,  was  organist  of  St. 
John's  Church,  Clerkenwell,  from  about  1740 
to  1754.  He  died  at  London  in  1754.  He 
composed  some  vocal  music,  chiefly  songs,  a 
few  of  which  appear  in  the  "  Gentleman's 
.Magazine  "  for  1744,  1746,  1749,  17.53,  etc. 
He  was  succeeded  at  St.  John's,  by  Philip 
Markham,  elected  July,  1754 — died  1764 ; 
and  he  in  his  turn  was  succeeded  by  John 
Bacon,  appointed  April  10,  1764 — died  May 
16,  1816,  who  held  the  post  for  the  long  period 
of  52  years. 

Sturges,  Edward,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  London,  February  25,  1808.  Organist 
of  the  Foundling  Hospital.  He  died  at  Lon- 
don, February  15,  1848.  Compo.ser  of  "  I 
know  their  sorrows,"  anthem;  Selection  of 
choruses  by  Handel,  1846  ;  Organ  gems,  1845  ; 
Arrangements  of  Boyce's  anthems,  Haydn's 
"  Creation,"  etc. 

Sturges,  Richard  Yates,  flutist,  violin- 
ist, and  poet,  born  at  Birmingham,  April  10, 
1843.  Studied  under  W.  Tilly  and  Webbe, 
local  teachers.  Made  his  dehtU  at  ^Ir.  James 
Stimpson's  IMonday  Popular  Concerts,  Town 
Hall,  Birmingham,"  September,  1861.  In  1864 
he  played  at  ]\Ir.  Rea's  Concerts,  Town  Hall, 
Newcastle-on-Tyne  ;  was  for  some  months  in 
the  orchestra  at  the  Theatre  Royal  there  ;  and 
has  toured  in  the  provinces  on  several  occa- 
sions. He  visited  Italy,  1884,  and  took  up 
the  study  of  the  violin.  As  a  flute  plaj^er  he 
has  given  much  attention  to  the  works  of 
Adolph  Terschak,  and  has  been  complimented 
by  having  a  piece  written  expressly  for  him — 
"  The  Fire  Worshippers  of  the  Caspian  Sea." 
This  he  played  at  Southport,  December  9, 
1895.  He  has  published  "  The  Solitary,  and 
other  Poems,"  Edinburgh,  Nichol,  '1868; 
"  The  Angel  of  Love,  and  other  Poems,"  Lon- 
don, Provost,  1875;  Summer-day  Secrets; 
"  The  Black  Philosopher,  or  Scipio  Af ricanus ;" 
and  other  poetical  works. 

Such,  Edwin  Charles,  composer  and 
teacher,  born  in  London,  August  11,  1840. 
Educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  and 
London  Universitj'  College,  graduating  B.A. 
Studied  music  under  Hiller  and  Molique  at 
Cologne  Conservatorium,  1861.  Conductor  of 
the  Barnet  and  Ibis  Choral  Society,  1884-93 ; 
professor  of  harmony  at  Portman  Academy. 


400 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


SUDLOW. 

His  compositions  include  Ps.  46,  for  solo, 
chorus,  and  orchestra ;  Praniatic  cantata, 
"Narcissus  and  Echo,"  produced  at  a  con- 
cert at  R.A.M.,  July  6,  1881 ;  Cantata,  The 
Watersprite  ;  Anthems,  part-songs,  songs,  pf. 
pieces,  etc.  His  son,  Henry  Such,  violinist, 
pupil  of  Joachim  and  Wilhelmj,  made  his 
first  appearance  at  a  Berlin  Philharmonic 
concert  in  1893.  After  a  tour  in  Germany  he 
returned  to  London,  and  gave  his  first  recital 
at  St.  James'  Hall,  October  '24,  1896.  Percy 
Such,  another  son,  is  a  violoncellist,  pupil  of 
Robert  Hausmann,  and  of  the  High  School, 
Berlin. 

Sudlow,  William,  composer,  organist, 
and  violoncellist,  born  in  1772.  He  was  an 
organist  in  !\Ianchester,  and  died  thei'e  in 
1848,  Composer  of  anthems,  songs,  and  other 
vocal  music.  His  brother,  Edwaed,  born 
1786,  died  at  ISIanchester,  September  16, 1845, 
was  a  viola  player. 

Suett,  Richard,  composer,  actor,  and 
singer,  born  at  Chelsea,  London  in  1755.  He 
was  a  singer  and  actor  chiefly  in  London. 
Died  at  London,  July  6,  1805.  Composer  of 
Corin  and  Joan,  pastoral  [1800] ;  Six  can- 
zonets, with  an  accompaniment  for  a  harpsi- 
chord or  pf.,  London,  1803.  Six  glees  [1794]. 
Songs :  Kiss ;  Oh  cruel  absence ;  Signs  of 
faithful  love ;  Soft  music ;  Sylvia  again  is 
true,  etc. 

Sullivan,  Sir  Arthur  Seymour,  Kt., 
composer  and  conductor,  born  in  London, 
May  13,  1842.  \His  father,  Thomas  Sulli- 
van, was  connected  with  Kneller  Hall  almost 
from  the  commencement  of  that  institution, 
as  professor  of  bass  brass  instniments,  and 
was  also  a  clarinet  player.  He  had  a  high 
reputation  throughout  the  army  as  an  in- 
structor. He  died  suddenly,  of  heart  disease, 
September,  23,  1866.  i  The  son  entered  the 
Chapel  Royal  in  1854  as  a  chorister,  under 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Helmore.  ,  He  made  rapid 
progress  in  music,  and  his  first  song  was 
published  in  1855.  In  July,  1856,  he  was 
elected  the  first  INIendelssohn  Scholar,  but 
did  not  leave  the  Chapel  Royal  until  1857. 
He  studied  at  the  R.A.M.,  under  Goss  and 
Sterndale  Bennett,  and  in  1858  proceeded  to 
Leipzig  Conservatorium,  where  his  teachers 
were  Plaidy,  Hauptmann,  E.  F.  Richter, 
Moscheles,  and  others.  At  the  Hauptprii- 
fung.  May  26,  1860,  he  conducted  a  perform- 
ance of  his  overture,  "Lalla  Rookh ;"  and 
while  there  he  also  wrote  some  string  quar- 
tets, and  the  "  Tempest  "  music,  which  he 
brought  with  him  to  London  in  April,  1861. 
This  was  produced  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
April  5,  1862.  For  a  time  he  was  organist  of 
St.  Michael's,  Chester  Square  ;  and  St.  Peter's, 
Onslow  Gardens,  1867-72.  He  soon  rose  into 
notice  as  a  composer  ;  and  from  the  produc- 
tion  of   his   cantata,   "  Kenilworth,"  at   the 


SULLIVAN. 

Birmingham  Festival,  1864,  his  career  has 
been  one  of  continued  success.  His  light 
operas  have  attained  a  popularity  without 
a  parallel.  He  was  appointed  musical 
director  of  the  Royal  Aquarium,  Westmin- 
ster, and  conducted  a  concert  of  English 
music  at  its  opening,  January  28,  1876 ; 
Principal  of  National  Training  School  for 
Music,  and  professor  of  composition,  1876, 
resigning  in  18S1.  Conducted  the  orchestral 
concerts  of  the  Glasgow  Choral  LTnion,. 
1875-7  ;  Promenade  concerjis,  Covent  Garden, 
1878-9.  British  Commissioner  for  Music, 
Paris  Exhibition,  1878.  Appointed  conductor 
of  Leeds  Festivals,  1880,  to  present  time ;  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  18S5-7.  Visited  America 
in  1885,  and  conducted  "  The  Mikado "  in 
New  York.  Conducted  concerts  at  Crystal 
Palace,  IManchester,  Buckingham  Palace,  etc. 
F.R.A.M.  ;  Mus.  Doc,  Cambridge,  1876,  Ox- 
ford, 1879,  both  honoris  causa ;  Chevalier, 
Legion  of  Honour  of  France,  1878 ;  corre- 
sponding member  of  the  Royal  Musical  In- 
stitute, Florence,  1888 ;  instituted  grand 
organist  of  the  Freemasons,  April  27,  1887 ; 
elected  president  of  the  Birmingham  and 
Midland  Institute,  1888,  on  October  19,  giving 
his  address  in  the  Town  Hall ;  received  the 
honour  of  knighthood  from  the  Queen,  1883; 
knight  of  the  Order  of  the  House  of  Coburg, 
and  recipient  of  the  Order  of  the  Medjidieh 
from  the  Sultan  of  Turkey,  1888. 

WoBKS. — Oratorios  and  Cantatas  :  Kenil- 
worth, Birmingham  Festival,  1864 ;  The 
Prodigal  Son,  Worcester,  1869 ;  On  Shore 
and  Sea,  composed  for  the  opening  of  Royal 
Albert  Hall,  Kensington,  May  1,  1871 ;  Fes- 
tival Te  Deum,  Crystal  Palace,  1872,  to 
commemorate  the  recovery  of  H.R.H.  the 
Prince  of  Wales;  The  Light  of  the  World, 
oratorio,  Birmingham  Festival,  1873 ;  The 
]\Iartyr  of  Antioch,  Leeds  Festival,  1880 ; 
The  Golden  Legend,  the  same,  1886 ;  ode,  I 
wish  to  tune  my  quiv'ring  lyre,  baritone  solo 
and  orchestra,  Gloucester  Festival,  1880. 
Operas  and  Plays :  Cox  and  Box,  Adelphi, 
May  11,  1867  ;  The  Cantrabandista,  St. 
George's  Hall,  December  18,  1867  ;  Thespis, 
Gaiety,  December  26,  1871 ;  Trial  by  Jurv, 
Royalty,  March  25,  1875;  The  Zoo,  St. 
James's,  June  5,  1875 ;  The  Sorcerer,  Opera 
Comique,  November  17,  1877  ;  H.M.S.  Pina- 
fore, the  same,  May  25,  1878;  Pirates  of 
Penzance,  the  same,  April  3,  1880;  Patience, 
the  same,  April  25,  1881.  And  at  the  Savoy 
Theatre,  lolanthe,  November  25,  1882  ;  Prin- 
cess Ida,  January  5,  1884 ;  The  Mikado,  INIarch 
14,  1885;  Ruddigore,  January  22,  1887; 
Yeomen  of  the  Guard,  October  3,  1888; 
Gondoliers,  December  7,  1889 ;  Haddon  Hall 
(Sydney  Grundy),  September  24,  1892; 
Utopia^  October  7,  1893 ;  and  The  Grand 
Duke,  May  7,  1896.     Grand  opera,  Ivanhoe 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


401 


SUMMERS. 

(Julian  Sturgis),  produced  Royal  English 
Opera  House,  January  31, 1891.  These  works 
have  also,  for  the  most  part,  been  performed 
in  Germany,  America,  etc.  Incidental  music 
to  The  Tempest,  op.  1,  Crystal  Palace,  1862  ; 
Merchant  of  Venice,  Manchester,  September 
18,  1871  ;  Merrv  Wives  of  Windsor,  Gaiety, 
December  19,  'l874;  Henry  VIII.,  Man- 
chester, August  29,  1877  ;  Macbeth,  Lyceum, 
December  29,  1888  ;  King  Arthur,  completed 
1894.  Orchestral:  Procession  march,  com- 
posed in  celebration  of  the  marriage  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  and  performed  Crystal 
Palace,  March  14,  186.3 ;  symphony  in  E, 
Crj'stal  Palace,  March,  1866 ;  overture.  In 
Memoriam  (his  father),  Norwich  Festival, 
1886  ;  ^larmion.  Philharmonic  Society,  June 
3,    1867  ;    Di    Ballo,    Birmingham    Festival, 

1870.  Concerto,  'cello  and  orchestra.  Crystal 
Palace  (Piatti),  1866.  Ballets,  L'Isle  En- 
chantee,  1864  ;  Victorian  and  Merrie  Eng- 
land, Alhambra,  May  2-5,  1897.  Six  Day 
Dreams,  and  other  pieces  for  pf.  Te  Deum, 
Jubilate,  and  Kyrie  iu  D ;  Hearken  iinto 
Me;  0,  lo\e  the  Lord;  Who  is  like  unto 
Thee  ?  and  other  anthems.  Hymn  tunes  in 
various  collections.  Musical  editor  of  Church 
HjTuns  with  tunes,  S.P.C.K.,  1874.  The  last 
night  of  the  year  ;  O,  hush  thee,  my  babie ; 
Joy   to   the   victors ;    and   other    part-songs, 

1871.  Sonr/s  :  The  Window,  or  the  loves  of 
the  wrens  (Tennyson),  1871  ;  Bride  from  the 
North ;  Arabian  love  song ;  Orpheus  with 
his  lute  ;  O,  naistress  mine  ;  Sweethearts  ; 
Will  he  come  ?  The  lost  chord ;  Edward 
Gray ;  Thou'rt  passing  hence ;  Snow  lies 
white  ;  Let  me  dream  again ;  0  fair  dove,  O 
fond  dove ;  A  weary  lot  is  thine  ;  Looking 
back ;  St.  Agnes'  Eve ;  The  Sisters,  duet ; 
and  many  others. 

His  brother,  Frederick  Sullivan,  whose 
talent  for  humour  was  so  conspicuous,  was 
by  profession  an  architect.  He  turned  to 
the  stage,  and  his  impersonation  of  The 
Judge  in  "  Trial  by  Jury "  had  much  to  do 
with  the  success  of  the  piece.  While  on  a 
provincial  tour  he  caught  cold  from  damp 
sheets  at  Newcastle,  and  died,  January  18, 
1878,  at  the  age  of  39. 

Summers,  James  Lea,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  at  London,  1887.  Son  of 
William  Summers,  a  musician.  He  was 
blind  from  his  birth,  but  became  a  pupil  of 
Miss  Kate  Loder  and  of  (Sir)  G.  A.  Macfarren. 
He  appeared  as  a  pianist  at  the  Crystal 
Palace  about  1850-60.  Died  at  London, 
July  8,  1881. 

Works. — Quintet  for  strings;  Quartet  in  E 
flat  for  strings;  Quartet  in  A,  pf.  and  strings; 
Andante  and  rondo  brillante,  pf.  ;  Two 
musical  sketches,  pf. ;  Valses.  etc.,  pf.  An- 
thems, duets,  and  songs. 

Summers,  Joseph,    organist  and  com- 


SURENNE. 

poser,  born  in  Somerset,  1843.  Received  his 
early  training  at  Wells  Cathedral,  under  C. 
W.  Lavington,  afterwards  studying  with 
Sterndale  Bennett,  and  Dr.  Gauntlett.  Took 
degree  of  Mus.  Bac.  at  Oxford,  1887,  and  in 
1890  was  made  Mus.  Doc,  Cantuar.  Has 
been  organist  successively  at  St.  Andrew's 
College,  Bradfield,  1861 ;  Holy  Trinity,  Weston- 
super-Mare,  1864 ;  St.  Peter's,  Notting  Hill, 
1865.  On  going  to  Australia  in  1865  he  was 
appointed  to  St.  Peter's,  Melbourne,  and  now 
holds  a  similar  position  at  All  Saints',  St. 
Kilda,  near  Melbourne.  Is  Government  in- 
spector of  music  for  public  schools,  Victoria, 
and  holds  other  appointments  of  a  similar 
nature. 

Works. — Oratorios  :  Deborah  ;  St.  Sebas- 
tian. Cantata,  A  Song  of  Triumph.  Odes  : 
"  Galatea  Secunda ; "  "  Thanksgiving ; "  Psalm 
31,  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra ;  Anthems, 
Services,  etc.  The  Australian  National  An- 
them, "  Maker  of  Earth  and  Sea."  Hymn 
Tunes  contributed  to  The  Bristol  Tune  Book; 
Psalmody,  British  Empire ;  Parish  Tune 
Book.  "In  Memoriam,"  for  orchestra; 
marches ;  songs,  part-songs,  etc. 

Sunderland,  Susan,  l>om  Sykes,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  at  Brighouse,  Yorkshire,  April 
30,  1819.  Was  instructed  chiefly  by  local 
teachers,  and  first  sang  in  concerts  at 
Deighton,  near  Huddersfield,  about  1834. 
She  married  Mr.  Henry  Sunderland,  June  7, 
1838.  Made  her  debut  at  the  Sacred  Har- 
monic Concerts,  London,  April  1,  1846, 
singing  as  Achsah  in  Handel's  "  Joshua." 
Sang  at  the  Birmingham  Festival  Choral 
Concert  on  the  10th  of  the  same  month  ;  and 
at  intervals  up  to  1859 ;  at  the  Free  Trade 
Hall,  Manchester,  1849.  So  famous  in  the 
North  as  to  receive  the  title  of  the  "  York- 
shire Queen  of  Song,"  she  was  a  special 
favourite  at  the  Bradford  Festivals ;  she  also 
sang  at  the  first  Leeds  Festival  in  1858.  Her 
last  public  appearance  was  at  Huddersfield, 
June  2  and  3,  1864,  in  the  "  Messiah,"  and  a 
miscellaEeous  concert.  Her  golden  wedding 
was  celebrated  by  a  "Jubilee"  concert,  June 
7,  1888,  the  proceeds  of  which  went  to 
founding  the  Sunderland  Vocal  Prize,  for 
natives  of  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire.  At 
the  meeting  in  December,  1888,  when  the 
Jubilee  committee  completed  the  work,  Mrs. 
Sunderland  sang  "  Home,  sweet  home," 
greatly  delighting  and  affecting  her  old  friends 
and  admirers. 

Surenne,  John  Thomas,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  London,  March  4,  1814. 
His  father,  Gabriel  Surexne,  was  a  French 
musician  and  teacher,  who  settled  in  London, 
and  afterwards  in  Edinburgh,  about  1817, 
where  he  taught  French  and  edited  a  well- 
known  French-English  dictionary.  In  1831, 
J.  T.  Surenne,  who  studied  under  his  father 

z 


402 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


SURMAN. 

and  Henri  Herz,  became  organist  of  St.  Mark's 
Episcopal  Ciiurch,  Portobello,  and  he  also 
held,  for  many  years,  the  appointment  of 
organist  of  St.  George's  Episcopal  Chapel, 
Edinburgh.  He  died  at  Edinburgh,  February 
3, 1878.  Composer  of  an  Overture  for  orchestra 
in  D;  a  Rondo  de  concert  for  pf.  and  strings; 
many  other  pf.  pieces,  and  some  part-songs 
and  songs.  He  compiled  "  The  Dance  Music 
of  Scotland,  a  Collection  of  all  the  best  Reels 
and  Strathspeys,  both  of  the  Highlands  and 
Lowlands,  for  the  Pianoforte."  Edinburgh 
[1851],  5  editions.  "Songs  of  Scotland  with- 
out Words,"  18.52  and  1854.  "  Songs  of 
Ireland,"  1855.  A  Collection  of  Church 
Music,  consisting  of  chants,  psalms,  and 
hymn-tunes,  principally  original  (with  H.  E. 
Dibdin),  1843-44,  2  vols.  The  Scottish  Epis- 
copal Church  Music  Book,  Edinburgh,  n.d. 
Students'  Manual  of  Classical  Extracts  for 
Pf.,  and  other  instrumental  compositions. 
Surenne  wrote  most  of  the  accompaniments 
for  the  original  edition  of  Graham  and  Wood's 
"  Songs  of  Scotland." 

Surman,  Joseph,  conductor  and  writer, 
born  at  Chesham,  November  14,  1804.  He 
was  conductor  of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society, 
1832-48.  First  conductor  of  the  London 
Hannonic  Society,  which  he  started  in  Nov- 
ember, 1848,  with  the  "  Messiah."  Music 
publisher  in  London.  Conductor  of  the 
Worcester  Festival.  He  died  at  London, 
January  20,  1871.  He  wrote  "  Statement 
submitted  to  tlie  consideration  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Society,  in  reply  to  charges 
preferred  against  the  Conductor  of  the 
Society,"  London,  1848;  also  a  supplement. 
He  had  been  removed  from  the  conductorship 
of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society  on  certain 
charges  against  his  management  being  made. 
Editor  of  "  The  London  Psalmist.  Psalms 
and  Hymns  adapted  to  the  services  of  the 
Church   of  England,"  London  [1850J. 

Sutcliffe,  Alfred  Lister,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Leckhampstead,  Bucks. 
November  13,  1859.  Studied  music  under 
the  Rev.  L.  G.  Hayne,  and  was  by  him  ap- 
pointed organist  of  Bradfield,  1875 ;  and  of 
Mistley  with  Bradfield,  1878.  Composer  of  a 
few  hymn  tunes. 

Sutcliffe,  Charles  Thomas,  organist, 
born  at  INIanchester,  April  12,  1858.  Chorister 
at  Manchester  Cathedral,  and  assistant-organ- 
ist there  later.  Organist  successively  at 
Salford  ;  Longsight;  Parish  Church,  Eccles; 
and  now  of  St.  Catherine's,  Barton,  near 
Manchester.  He  is  the  composer  of  some  pf. 
pieces,  songs,  etc. 

Sutcliffe,  Jasper,  violinist.  Scholar 
R.C.^I.  Made  a  successful  appearance  at  Mr. 
De  Jong's  Manchester  concerts,  February  2, 
1889,  when  he  played  Max  Bruch's  concerto 
in  G  minor.     He  has  been  associated  with 


SWEPSTONE. 

the  British  Chamber  Music  concerts,   1894, 
and  other  artistic  undertakings. 

Sutherland,  Q.,  musician  and  composer, 
author  of  "  A  Manual  of  the  theory  of  Music," 
London,  2  editions  to  1871 ;  and  composer  of 
a  few  songs. 

Sutherland,  John,  musician.  Published 
"  The  f^inburgh  Repository  of  ]\Iusic  :  con- 
taining the  most  select  English,  Scottish,  and 
Irish  airs,  reels,  strathspeys,  etc,"  Edinburgh, 
n.d.,  3  vols. 

Sutton,  Alfred  James,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  conductor,  born  at  Droitwich,  May 
1,  1827,  Resident  in  Birmingham,  where  he 
was  appointed  conductor  of  the  Amateur 
Harmonic  Association,  on  its  formation  in 
1855,  an  office  he  held  until  1877.  Was  chorus- 
master,  with  W.  C.  Stockley,  at  the  Birming- 
ham Festival,  1858-76 ;  and  has  held  other 
appointments.  Sometime  organist  of  St. 
Thomas's,  Birmingham ;  St.  Clary's,  War- 
wick, and  other  churches.  Composer  of  an 
oratorio,  "Ruth";  and  an  opera,  "Put  to 
the  test,"  both  in  MS.  His  published  works 
include  a  Serenade  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra,  composed  in  celebration  of  the 
marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  a  cantata, 
"  Sage  Advice, "composed  for  Madame  Sainton- 
Dolby's  Choir ;  songs,  part-songs,  and  pieces 
for  organ.  Mrs.  Sutton,  his  wife,  is  a  soprano 
vocalist,  and  for  many  j^ears  held  a  prominent 
position  in  the  Midlands  as  an  oratorio  singer. 
She  also  took  part  in  concerted  pieces  at  the 
Birmingham  Festivals,  1861-73,  and  has  been 
heard  with  favour  in  London. 

Sutton,  Rev.  Frederick  Heathcote, 
author  of  "  Some  account  of  the  mediaeval 
organ  case  still  existing  at  Old  Radnor,  South 
Wales,"  London,  1866  ;  "  Church  Organs,  their 
position  and  construction,"  London,  1872; 
also  1883.  The  Appendix  to  this  contains  the 
Old  Radnor  tract. 

Sutton,  Richard,  musician,  compiled 
"  Book  of  musical  varieties,"  London  [1835]. 

Sutton,  Robert,  musician,  author  of 
"Elements  of  the  theory  of  music,"  London, 
Cocks  [1870]  ;  3rd  edition,  1874. 

Sutton,  William  Walter,  composer, 
pianist,  and  teacher,  born  at  Dover,  1793 ; 
died  there,  in  March,  1874.  He  published  a 
number  of  arrangements  for  the  Pf.,  etc. 

Swaine,  N.,  author  of  "The  Young 
^Musician,  or  the  science  of  music  familiarly 
explained,  with  a  glossary  of  musical  terms," 
Stourport,  1818. 

Swan,  William  David,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  Glasgow,  November  30,  1856  ;  died 
Burslem,  May  27,  1889.  He  composed  a  few 
pieces  for  the  piano  and  was  a  good  pianist, 
acting  in  this  capacity  for  a  time  as  accom- 
panist to  the  Glasgow  Select  Choir. 

Swepstone,  Edith,  composer.  Studied 
at  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music.     One  of  her 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


403 


SWIFT. 

earliest  works  to  be  performed  was  a  symphony, 
part  of  which  was  given  under  her  direction 
at  Leyton,  March  10,  1887.  Other  composi- 
tions are  :  Elegiac  Overture,  "  Les  Te'nebres," 
performed  in  the  Queen's  Hall,  February  9, 
1897  ;  Quintet  in  F  minor,  pf.  and  strings ; 
Quartet  in  G  minor,  strings  ;  pieces  for  'cello 
and  pf.  ;  and  for  pf.  solo.  Two  cantatas  for 
female  voices — The  Ice  Queen  ;  and  IdyUs  of 
the  Morn  ;  songs,  etc.  Miss  Swepstone  has 
lectured  on  music  at  the  City  of  London 
School,  1895,  etc. 

Swift,  George  Henry,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Lambourn,  Berkshire,  1856. 
Organist  of  Lambourn  Church,  and  conductor 
of  a  choral  society  there  till  1884,  when  he 
went  to  Hungerford.  He  has  composed  an 
Evening  Service  in  E ;  0  sing  unto  the  Lord ; 
Show  us  Thy  mercy ;  and  other  anthems. 
Part-songs.     A  Sonata  in  C,  for  pf.,  etc. 

Swift,  James  Frederick,  composer  and 
bass  vocalist.  For-  many  years  resident  at 
Liverpool,  and  now  at  Liscard.  Under  the 
name  of  Godfrey  Marks,  he  has  published  a 
number  of  songs.  Sailing;  A  brave  heart,  etc., 
some  of  which  have  enjoyed  great  popularity. 
He  has  conducted  various  musical  societies  at 
-  Liverpool,  and  given  concerts. 

Sydenham,  Edwin  Augustus,  organist 
and  composer,  was  a  choirboy  at  the  Parish 
Church,  Stratford-on-Avon.  Studied  at  Leip- 
zig Conservatorium,  and  became  organist  of 
St.  Martin's,  Dorking  ;  St.  Andrew's,  Farn- 
ham,  1873 ;  St.  James's,  Bury  St.  Edmund's, 
1879;  and  All  Saints',  Scarborough,  1882. 
There  he  worthily  maintained  the  musical 
reputation  of  the  church.  He  gave  concerts, 
was  busy  as  a  teacher  and  composer,  and  was 
the  inventor  of  a  patent  touch  regulator  for  the 
pianoforte.  He  died  suddenly  at  Scarborough, 
February  18,  1891.  His  compositions  em- 
braced a  number  of  anthems  :  Christ  is  risen ; 
O  give  thanks  ;  Great  is  the  Lord  ;  Sing  unto 
God ;  and  others.  An  Evening  Service.  A 
battle  song;  The  maiden  of  the  Pleur-de-Lys; 
The  parting  kiss ;  and  other  part-songs. 
Duet,  pf.  and  harmonium  ;  pieces  for  violin 
and  pf. ;  'Cello  and  pf. ;  and  various  compo- 
sitions for  pf.  solo. 

Symmers,  James,  amateur  musician, 
who  was  rector  of  Alloa  Academy.  He  wrote 
■"  Outlines  of  the  Sol-fa  method  of  singing," 
Glasgow,  1849.  "  The  Sol-fa  method  of  sing- 
ing at  sight  from  the  common  musical  nota- 
tion," Glasgow,  1858-59,  2  parts. 

Symmes,  Thomas,  amateur  musician 
and  clergyman,  born  in  1678,  died  in  1725. 
He  wrote  "  Utile  dulci,  or  a  joco-serious 
dialogue  concerning  regular  singing,"  Boston, 
1723. 

Symonds,  Henry,  composer  and  organist. 
He  was  one  of  the  King's  Band  of  Music. 
Organist  of  St.  Martin's,  Ludgate,  and  of  the 


TAGORE. 

Church  of  St.  John,  London.  He  died  in 
1730.  Composer  of  Six  sets  of  lessons  for  the 
harpsichord,  etc. 

Synge,  Mary  Helena,  pianist,  bom  at 
Parsonstown,  Ireland.  Daughter  of  the  late 
Sir  Edward  Synge,  Bart.,  and  descended  from 
Archbishop  Synge,  of  the  17th  century.  After 
sonie  private  study,  she  went  to  Brussels  for 
further  instruction  in  pf.  playing  and  singing. 
On  her  return  she  gave  a  recital  in  London, 
July  10,  1883,  which  brought  her  into  favour- 
able notice.  She  played  at  the  exhibition  in 
Cork  the  same  year,  and  has  since  been  heard 
at  concerts  in  many  places  in  England  and 
Ireland.  As  a  composer  she  is  known  by  a 
vocal  trio,  "  Spring"  ;  Songs,  Time  and  Eter- 
nity ;  Fate,  and  others ;  and  a  number  of  pf. 
pieces.  Of  the  same  family  was  the  Rev. 
Edward  Synge,  born  at  Lockeen  Glebe, 
Parsonstown,  June  30,  1829.  He  graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1865,  and  Mus.  Doc, 
Dublin,  1869.  His  compositions  included  an 
unfinished  oratorio,  "  Hezekiah  "  ;  settings  of 
Psalm  127,  and  Psalm  150,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  organ ;  Milton's  Ode  to  May,  soli  and 
chorus ;  and  some  songs.  He  published  a 
Te  Deum,  and  other  church  music ;  Morning 
song  ;  Evening  song ;  Spring  song ;  Winter 
song,  etc.     Died,  1895. 

Synyer,  Henry,  violinist  and  conductor, 
born  at  Nottiiigham,  June  7,  1818  ;  died  at 
King's  Heath,  near  Birmingham,  July  17, 
1892.  He  went  to  Birmingham  as  a  young 
man,  and  as  the  junior  in  the  firm  of  Harvey 
and  Synyer  ;  was  well-known  in  the  Midlands 
as  an  entrepreneur.  For  thirty  years  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Birmingham  Festival  or- 
chestra, and  for  a  long  period  was  bandmaster 
of  the  1st  Warwickshire  Rifle  Volunteers.  In 
conjunction  with  Alfred  W.  Gilmer,  Henry 
Synyer  formed  a  military  band  which  had  a 
high  reputation,  and  was  in  great  request  in 
many  parts  of  the  country. 

Sympson,  see  Simpson,  C. 

Taas,  William,  musician  of  latter  part  of 
last  century.  He  was  an  itinerating  teacher 
of  psalmody  in  Banffshire,  etc.  Author  of 
the  "  Elements  of  Music,  wherein  the  funda- 
mental principles  of  that  science  are  explained 
and  illustrated.  To  which  is  armexed  a  col- 
lection of  the  best  church  tunes  generally  in 
use,  and  fitted  to  various  measures  of  poetry. 
With  several  anthems,  chants,  and  canons. 
The  whole  selected  from  the  best  authors  with 
a  view  to  the  improvement  of  church  music 
in  Scotland,"  Aberdeen,  1787. 

Tagore,  Rajah  Sourindro  Mohun, 
Hindu  amateur  musician,  was  president  of 
the  Calcutta  Music  School.  Compiler  of 
"  Hindu  music,  from  various  authors,".  .Cal- 
cutta, privately  printed,  1875.  This  contains 
all  the  treatises  on  the  subject  of  any  import- 


404 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


TAILOUR. 

ance,  by  Willard,  Sir  Wni.  Joiles,  Sir  W. 
Ouseley,  Nathan,  etc.  Six  original  Ragas ; 
The  Musical  Scales  of  the  Hindus.  Some 
specimens  of  Indian  Songs. 

Tailour,  Robert,  musician  of  the  latter 
part  of  ICth  and  early  part  of  17th  centuries. 
He  issued  "  Sacred  Hymns  consisting  of  fifte 
select  Psalms  of  David  and  others,  para- 
phrastically  turned  into  English  verse,  and 
by  R.  Tailour  set  to  be  sung  in  five  parts,  as 
also  to  the  vicle  and  lute,  or  orpharion.  Pub- 
lished for  the  use  of  such  as  delight  in  the 
exercise  of  music  in  her  original  honour," 
London,  1G15. 

Tait,  Andrew,  musician  of  the  first  half 
of  the  l.Sth  century,  issued  "  A  New  and 
correct  Set  of  Church  Tunes,"  Aberdeen,  1753, 
3rd  edition.  We  have  not  been  able  to  trace 
an  earlier  edition. 

Tait,  Annie,  pianist  and  composer,  who 
studied  at  R.A.M.  under  Sir  G.  A.  Macfarren. 
She  died  at  Eastbourne,  Febuaiy  24,  188G,  at 
an  early  age,  after  a  career  of  mach  promise. 
Among  her  works  are  a  Trio  for  pf.  and  strings ; 
Sonata  in  F  for  pf. :  and  other  pieces  for  pf. 
and  songs. 

Tait,  Patrick  Macnaghten,  F.S.S., 
F.R.Q.S.,  son  of  the  late  William  Tait,  Esq., 
was  born  in  Edinburgh.  In  18.51  proceeded 
to  India,  and  was  there  through  the  Mutinj', 
when  he  raised  the  Rifle  Company  of  the 
Calcutta  Volunteer  Guards.  Contributor  to 
various  magazines,  chiefly  on  siibjects  of  Mor- 
tality and  Insurance.  The  work  claiming 
notice  here  is  "  Vital  and  other  Statistics 
applicable  to  Musicians,"  1880. 

Tallis  or  Tallys,  Thomas,  composer  and 
organist,  born  about  15201529.  He  is  sup- 
posed to  have  been  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel 
Royal.  Organist  of  Waltham  Abbey  till  1540. 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal  during  reigns 
of  Henry  VIII.,  Edward  VI.,  Mary,  and 
Elizabeth.  Joint  organist  with  Byrd,  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  and  joint  patentee  with  him 
in  the  exclusive  right  to  print  music.  He 
died  on  November  23,  1585,  and  was  buried 
in  Parish  Church  of  Greenwich. 

Works.  —  Cantiones  qua?  ab  argumento 
Sacrre  vocantur,  quinque  et  sex  partium, 
London,  1575.  The  Preces,  Chants,  Te  Deum, 
Benedictus,  Responses,  Litany,  Kyrie,  Creed, 
Sanctus,  Gloria,  Magnificat,  and  Nunc  Dimit- 
tis  (Church  of  England  Service),  first  printed 
in  Barnard's  Collection,  1G41,  and  since  re- 
printed many  times  by  Novello,  Rimbault, 
Jebb,  etc.  Song  of  Forty  Parts,  for  eight 
choirs  of  five  voices  each,  "Spem  in  alium 
nou  habui."  The  Order  of  the  Daily  Service  of 
the  United  Church  of  England  and  Ireland, 
edited  by  John  Bishop,  London,  1843.  An- 
thems :  AH  people  that  on  earth  do  dwell ; 
Come,  Holy  Ghost ;  Hear  the  voice  and  prayer ; 
I  call  and  cry ;  If  ye  love  Me ;  Hear  my  prayer ; 


TATE. 

Blessed  are  those ;  Salvator  Mundi  (motet) ; 
and  many  others  in  MS.  contained  in  the 
British  Museum,  Music  School  of  Oxford,  Fitz- 
william  INIuseuni,  Cambridge,  and  elsewhere. 

In  1876  a  brass  memorial  tablet  was  placed 
in  Greenwich  Parish  Church,  which  was  pro- 
vided by  subscriptions  gathered  on  the  sugges- 
tion of  Henry  Walter  Miller  (q.v.). 

Tamplin,  Augustus  Lechmere,  organ- 
ist and  composer,  born  in  London,  1837;  died 
Fulham,  London,  May  8,  1889.  He  was 
organist  of  St.  James'  Church,  Marylebone, 
and  was  a  performer  of  great  ability.  In  1883 
he  lectured  in  London  on  the  history,  con- 
struction and  technicalites  of  the  pianoforte. 
He  introduced  the  double  touch  in  harmonium 
playing.  Composer  of  an  operetta,  "Flourette," 
performed,  Crystal  Palace,  1874  ;  Pf.  music  ; 
Songs  :  Daybreak  ;  Love,  and  other  pieces. 

Tans'ur,  William,  composer  and  collector, 
born  at  Dunchurch,  Warwickshire,  in  1699  or 
1700.  He  was  a  teacher  of  music  at  different- 
times  in  Barnes  (Surrey),  Ewell  near  Epsom, 
Cambridge,  Stamford,  Boston,  Leicester,  and 
other  parts  of  England  where  he  worked  along 
with  his  son,  but  lately  he  settled  in  St.  Neots 
as  a  bookseller  and  teacher  of  music,  and  died 
there,  October  7,  1783. 

Works. — A  Compleat  Melody,  or  the  Har- 
monvof  Sion.  .London  [1724?] ,  other  editions- 
1730^  1736,  1738,  1764-66,  etc.  [The  titles  and 
contents  of  the  various  editions  of  this  work 
vary  greatly] .  Heaven  on  earth  or  the  beauty 
of  holiness.  .London,  1738.  Sacred  mirth  or 
the  pious  soul's  daily  delight . .  1739.  The 
Universal  harmony  containing  the  whole 
book  of  psalms.  .1743,  1746,  etc.  The  Psalm- 
singer's  jewel,  or  useful  companion  to  the 
book  of  Psalms.  .London,  1760,  1766,  etc, 
]\Ielodia  Sacra,  or  the  devout  psalmist's  new 
musical  companion,  a  choice  selection  of 
psalm  tunes  in  4  parts..  1771,  1772.  A  new 
musical  grammar,  or  the  harmonical  spec- 
tator. .Leicester,  1746  ;  2nd  edition,  London,. 
1753  ;  3rd  edition,  1756  ;  7th  edition,  1829. 
The  elements  of  musick  displayed.  .London, 
1772.     Poetical  meditations . .  1740. 

Tanymarian,  see  Stephen,  Edward. 

Tapley,  Joseph,  tenor  vocalist,  was  a 
scholar  of  the  National  Training  School, 
South  Kensington,  to  1882.  Sang  at  Mr. 
De  Jong's  concerts,  Manchester,  1888  ;  toured 
in  the  "Old  Guard,"  and  other  comic  opera 
companies,  1887 ;  and  sang  in  comic  opera 
for  three  years  in  Australia,  his  Bev.  Henry 
Sandford,  in  "The  Vicar  of  Bray,"  being  a 
pronounced  success.  He  appeared  in  a  round 
of  characters  in  the  Gilbert-Sullivan  operas. 
Returned  to  England  in  1896. 

Tate,  Nahum,  poet  and  musician,  born 
at  Dublin  in  1652.  He  succeeded  Shadwell 
as  poet  laureate  in  1692.  Died  at  London 
in  1715.     Author  of  "  An  Essay  for  promoting 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


405 


TATTET. 

psalmody,"  London,  1710,  but  is  best  known 
for  his  metrical  version  of  the  psalms,  which 
he  executed  along  with  Nicholas  Brady. 

Tattet,  J.  A.,  organist  and  composer  of 
first  half  of  the  present  century.  He  edited 
MacMui-die's  "  Sacred  Music,"  1827,  and  com- 
posed a  large  number  of  songs  and  ballads, 
such  as  "The  Blind  boy"  [1825] ,"  Forget 
me  not  when  beauty  .smiles,"  "  May  Day," 
etc* 

Tattersall,    Rev.    William    DeChair, 

clergyman  and  musician,  was  born  in  1752. 
Eector  of  Westbourne,  Sussex,  1778,  and  of 
Wootten-under-Edge,  1779,  where  he  died  on 
May  26,  1829.  Compiler  of  "  Psalms  selected 
from  Merrick's  version,  the  music  new  and 
partly  chosen  from  the  works  of  the  most 
eminent  composers,"  London,  1791.  "  Im- 
proved Psalmody,  with  new  music,"  London, 
1794;  also  1795,  3  vols.,  and  "Improved 
Psalmody,  the  words  selected  from  a  poetical 
version  of  the  Psalms  by  J.  jNIerrick,  the 
music  adapted  from  the  sacred  compositions 
of  Handel,"  London,  1802. 

Taverner,  John,  organist  and  composer 
of  the  16th  century.  He  was  organist  of 
Boston,  Lincolnshire,  and  of  Christ  Church, 
Oxford.  He  was  involved  in  the  Reformation 
struggle,  and  narrowly  escaped  martyrdom. 
He  composed  masses,  motets,  and  anthems, 
now  existing  in  MS. 

Taverner,  John,  musician,  born  1584. 
Professor  of  music  at  Gresham  College,  1610. 
Was  vicar  of  Stoke  Newiugton.  Died  there, 
1638. 

Taylor,  Amram,  musician  of  first  part 
of  present  century.  Composer  of  "  The  Sacred 
Harp,  a  new  set  of  original  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,  composed  and  harmonized  for  four 
voices,"  London  [1842]. 

Taylor,  Brook,  mathematician  and  mu- 
sician, born  at  Edmonton  in  1685.  He 
distinguished  himself  at  Cambridge,  and 
became  Secretary  of  the  Royal  Society  in 
1714.  He  died  in  1731.  Celebrated  for  his 
theorem,  which  Lagrange  adopted  as  the 
basis  of  the  differential  calculus.  He  was  the 
first  to  publish  analytical  researches  into  the 
vibrations  of  strings,  and  contributed  to  the 
Philosophical  Transactions  of  1713  a  paper  on 
the  "  Motion  of  a  tense  string." 

Taylor,  Ebenezer  WiUiam,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Stalfoid,  Nov(;mber 
26,  1851.  Began  to  study  music  when  six 
years  old,  afterwards  articled  to  G.  Town.shend 
Smith,  of  Hereford  Cathedral,  and  sub- 
sequently studied  with  Dr.  C.  W.  Corfe, 
at  Oxford.  Graduated  i\Ius.  Bac,  1876 ; 
Mus.  Doc,  1883,  Oxford  ;  F.R.C.O.,  1879. 
Appointed  organist  of  St.  Thomas',  Stafford, 
1872  ;  and  of  St.  Mary's,  1880.  Hon.  local 
examiner  for  R.C.M.  His  compositions  com- 
prise an  oratorio,  "  St.  Stephen  "  ;  a  cantata, 


TAYLOR. 

"God  our  Refuge  "  ;  service  for  Holy  Com- 
munion ;  songs,  pf.  pieces,  etc.  Author  of 
Vocal  score  reading  exercises ;  Figured  bass 
and  melody  exercises ;  Pedal  and  manual 
scales,  arpeggios,  etc.,  for  organ.  Contributor 
to  National  Book  of  Hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Taylor,  Edward,  writer  and  musician, 
born  at  Norwich,  January  22,  1784.  Son  of 
John  Taylor,  a  Unitarian  preacher  there.  He 
studied  music  under  Charles  Smyth  and  Dr. 
Beckwith.  Bass  singer  at  the  Norwich  Con- 
certs. Established,  with  others,  the  Norwich 
]\Iusical  Festival,  1824.  Settled  in  London, 
1825,  and  became  bass  singer,  teacher,  and 
musical  critic  of  the  Spectator,  and  a  writer 
in  the  Harnionicon.  Professor  of  music, 
Gresham  College,  in  succession  to  Stevens, 
1837.  Conducted  Norwich  Festivals  of  18.39 
and  1842.  Founded  the  Purcell  Club,  and  with 
RimbaiUt  and  Chappell,  the  Musical  Antiqua- 
rian Society.  Secretary  of  the  Vocal  Society. 
He  died  at  Brentwood,"'March  12,  1863. 

Works. — Three  inaugural  lectures  (Gres- 
ham College),  London,  18-38  ;  An  address  from 
the  Gresham  Professor  of  Music  to  the  patrons 
and  lovers  of  art,..  London,  1838;  The  Vocal 
School  of  Italy  in  the  sixteenth  century,  mad- 
rigals, full  anthems,  motets,  and  villanellas, 
adapted  to  English  words,  London  [1839]  ,  A 
collection  of  Psalm  tunes  in  various  metres. . 
London,  1812 ;  The  People's  Music  Book 
(with  J.  Turle),  London,  1844;  The  English 
Cathedral  Service  :  its  glory,  its  decline,  and 
its  destined  extinction,  London,  1845  (re- 
printed from  the  Britishand  Foreign  Renew) ; 
The  art  of  singing  at  sight  (with  Turlc),  Lon- 
don, 1846,  2nd  edition,  1855 ;  Airs  of  the 
Rhine,  edited.  Edited  Purcell's  "  King  Ar- 
thur" for  the  Musical  Antiquarian  Society. 
Translated  librettos  of  IMozart's  Requiem, 
Haydn's  Seasons,  Graun's  Death  of  Jesus, 
Spohr's  Last  Judgment  and  Fall  of  Babylon. 
Songs  :  Guarda  che  bianca  luna ;  I'll  be  a 
fairy ;  Rover's  farewell,  etc.  He  also  edited 
Major's  collection  of  Sacred  Music  [1820] . 

Taylor,  Franklin,  pianist  and  teacher, 
born  at  Birmingham,  February  5,  1848. 
Studied  under  C.  Flavell,  pf .,  and  T.  Bcdsraore, 
organ,  taking  the  services  for  the  latter  at 
Lichfield  Cathedral  when  eleven.  Went  to 
Leipzig  in  1859,  and  studied  at  the  Con- 
servatorium  under  Plaidy,  Moscheles,  Haupt- 
mann,  and  others.  Left  for  i  aris  in  1861, 
and  studied  further  with  ]\Iadame  Schumann. 
In  1862  he  returned  to  London,  and  was 
engaged  in  teaching.  He  played  at  the 
Crystal  Palace,  February  18,  1865,  Hiller's 
Concerto  in  F  sharp  minor ;  and  made  his 
first  appearance  at  the  Monday  Popular 
Concerts,  June  15,  1866,  in  a  Beethoven 
programme.  He  has  also  played  in  Liver- 
pool (Philharmonic),  Birmingham — where  he 
was  a  great  favourite — and  other  pkces.     Of 


406 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


TAYLOR. 

late  years  he  has  devoted  himself  chiefly  to 
teaching,  writing,  and  editing.  He  was 
sometime  organist  of  Twickenham  Parish 
Church,  and  St.  IMichael's,  Chester  Square. 
Was  professor  at  the  National  Training 
School,  1876-82  ;  at  the  R.C.M.,  1883;  now 
Member  of  the  Board  of  Professors,  and 
Member  of  the  Associated  Board.  Examiner 
for  South  Africa,  1894.  Member,  and  soine- 
time  Director,  Philharnaonic  Society ;  and 
President  of  the  Academy  for  the  higher 
development  of  pf.  playing.  Aiithor  of  Primer 
of  Pianoforte  Playing,  Macmillan,  1877  ; 
Technique  and  Expression  in  Pianoforte 
Playing,  Novello,  1897.  Translator  of  Rich ter's 
Harmony,  Cramer,  1864  ;  Counterpoint,  1874 ; 
Canon  and  Fugue,  1878.  Compiler  of  a 
Pianoforte  Tutor,  London,  Enoch.  Editor  of 
Beethoven's  Sonatas,  l-12,Boosey ;  Progressive 
Studies  for  pf.  .52  books,  Novello  ;  Scales  and 
Arpeggios,  Novel  Id's  Primers,  No.  5-3.  Arrange- 
ment of  Sullivan's  Tempest  Music,  pf.,  four 
hands,  etc.  Contributor  of  some  valuable 
articles  to  Grove's  Dictionary  of  Music  and 
Musicians. 

Taylor,  Harry  James,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Cheltenham,  August  1, 
1866.  Articled  pupil  of  J.  A.  Matthews. 
Gained  National  Prize,  Trinity  College,  Lon- 
don, 1884.  P.R.C.O.,  1888.  For  several 
years  organist  to  the  Cheltenham  Festival 
Society ;  in  1886  appointed  organist  and 
choirmaster.  Parish  Church,  Cullompton, 
Devon;  and  from  1888  has  held  a  similar 
position  at  Christ  Church,  Dover,  and  is  also 
conductor  of  the  Dover  Choral  Union.  Hon. 
local  examiner,  R.C.]\L  His  works  include 
Two  overtures,  orchestra ;  Serenade,  for  strings 
and  harps,  Cheltenham  Festival,  1896;  String 
quartet;  Trio  in  D  minor,  pf.  and  strings; 
Serenata;  Gavctte,  pf.  and  two  violins. 
Pianoforte  sonatas;  Organ  pieces,  etc.  Author 
of  The  Choralists'  Handbook,  and  Historical 
facts  relating  to  music  (London,  Weekes, 
1894),  which  has  gone  through  several  editions, 

Taylor,  James,  musician  and  writer,  born 
at  Norwich,  October  7,  1781 ;  died  there  June 
7,  1855.  Author  of  "  A  Course  of  Preceptive 
Lessons  for  the  Spanish  Guitar,  designed  for 
the  assistance  of  master  and  pupil,"  London 
[1827] ;  and  composer  of  Twelve  easy  preludes 
for  the  harp  [1820].  He  contributed  essays 
on  music  to  the  Quarterly  Magazine  and 
Eevieiv  of  Music,  1818-29. 

Taylor,  James,  Scottish  musician  of 
present  century,  issued  "  A  Collection  of 
Psalms,  etc.,  with  a  familiar  introduction  to 
the  theory  and  practice  of  vocal  music," 
Aberdeen  ;    Cornwall,  n.d. 

Another  James  Taylor,  who  was  a  violinist 
at  Elgin,  issued  "A  Collection  of  Strathspeys 
and  Reels,  dedicated  to  Lady  Dunbar,  of 
Northfield,"  Elgin,  n.d. 


TAYLOR. 

Taylor,  John  organist  and  writer,  organ- 
ist to  the  Queen  at  Kensington  Palace  ;  Pro- 
fessor of  Sight  Singing,  G.S.M.,  1897.  Author 
of  "  A  Manual  of  Vocal  Music,"  London, 
1872 ;  "  Music  and  the  Sol-fa  Systems  in 
Elementary  Schools,"  London,  1878 ;  Muta- 
tion Singing  Method,  London,  1873.  "  A  few 
words  on  the  Anglican  Chant,"  London,  n.d.; 
"  Student's  Text  Book  on  the  Science  of 
Music,"  London,  1876;  Music  sheet  Stave 
Modulator  [1882] .  The  Stave  Sight-Singing 
Method  for  use  in  army  schools.  How  to  sing 
at  sight  from  the  Staff,  London,  Philip  &  Son, 
1897. 

Taylor,  Rev.  John,  clergyman  and  writer, 
born  at  Lancaster  in  1694  ;  died  at  Warring- 
ton in  1761.  Author  of  "  The  Music  Speech 
at  the  Public  Commencement  at  Cambridge," 
London,  1780 ;  "  A  Collection  of  Tunes  in 
various  Airs,  with  a  scheme  for  supporting 
the  spirit  and  practice  of  Psalmody  in  con- 
gregations," London, 1750. 

Taylor,  John  Bianchi,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  at  Bath  in  1801.  He  was 
a  distinguished  teacher  of  singing.  Died  at 
Bath,  April,  1876.  Composed  "A  set  of  seven 
glees,"  Bath  [1840] .  Duets  ;  Green  leaves, 
part-song.  Songs  :  Convent  bell.  Flowers, 
I  ask  thee  not,  I  never  can  forget.  Mariner's 
life.  Moonlight,  Oh  peaceful  lake,  Slave  wife. 
When  I  leave  thee,  etc. 

Taylor,  Richard,  composer  and  writer, 
born  at  Chester  in  1758.  He  died  at  Chester, 
February,  1813.  Author  of  "The  principles 
of  music  at  one  view,"  London,  1791;  "Beauties 
of  sacred  verse,"  London,  1795,  3  vols.  Nat- 
ional songs.  Composer  of  Buxom  Joan,  a 
burletta,  1778 ;  A  collection  of  favourite  songs 
and  an  overture,  London  [1780] .  Glees :  Now 
Winter  with  her  hoary  train  ;  The  gloomy 
season's  past ;  Summer  now  upholds  her 
scenes  ;  Clad  in  her  brown  vesture  ;  Gently 
as  the  breathing  gale.  Songs,  etc.  His  son, 
Thomas,  born  at  Chester  in  1787,  was  organist 
of  St.  John's,  Liverpool.  He  published  "  A 
Book  of  Original  Chants,"  songs,  etc. 

Taylor,  Robert,  conductor  and  organist. 
While  a  child  was  organist  at  Badsey,  Worces- 
ter, and  Child's  Wickham,  Gloucester.  Thence 
he  entered  Worcester  Cathedral  as  a  chorister, 
and  was  afterwards  acticled  to  W.  Done,  and 
became  his  assistant  organist.  Appcinted 
organist  of  St.  Patrick's,  Hove,  Brighton,  he 
established  the  Brighton  Sacred  Harmonic 
Society,  of  which  he  has  been  conductor  since 
1870,  doing  excellent  work  in  the  cause  of 
music.  In  1869  he  was  appointed  organist  of 
Brighton  College,  an  office  he  held  for  nine- 
teen years.  With  Dr.  Alfred  King  he  estab- 
lished the  Brighton  School  of  Music.  He  is 
choirmaster  at  the  Church  of  St.  Michael  and 
All  Angels,  Brighton. 

Taylor,    Samuel     Priestley,    organist, 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


407 


TAYLOR. 

born  in  London  in  1779.  Son  of  Rev.  James 
Taylor,  Rector  of  Cumberland  Street  Chapel. 
When  seven  the  boy  played  the  organ  for  the 
choir  of  that  Chapel,  having  previously  sung 
in  the  choir  of  Surrey  Chapel.  He  was  taught 
music  by  John  Whittaker,  and  Dr.  Russell  of 
Oxford.  Went  to  New  York  in  1806,  and  was 
organist  of  Christ  Church,  when  he  introduced 
chanting.  Played  the  clarinet  and  kettle- 
drums in  the  band  of  the  American  garrison. 
New  York,  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  received  a' 
pension  up  to  his  death.  Was  president,  1812, 
of  a  musical  organisation,  now  become  the 
New  York  Philharmonic  Society.  His  last 
public  appearance  was  at  Holy  Trinity,  Brook- 
lyn, in  1865,  when  he  played  Luther's  "  Judge- 
ment Hymn  "  for  a  chorus  of  100.  In  1874 
the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society  of  Brooklyn 
gave  him  a  testimonial  concert.  Known  as 
the  oldest  organist  in  the  world,  he  died  at 
New  York,  in  the  summer  of  1875,  at  the  age 
of  96. 

Taylor,  Sedley,  M.A.,  author  of  "  Sound 
and  Music,"  a  non-mathematical  Treatise  on 
the  physical  constitution  of  musical  sounds 
and  harmony.."  London,  1873,  2nd  edition, 
Macmillan,  188-3. 

He  has  lectured  at  the  Birmingham  and 
Midland  Institute,  on  the  "  Physical  basis  of 
sound";  at  the  Musical  Association  on  "Im- 
proved Notation";  on  Bach's  Church  Can- 
tatas, Cambridge,  1893 ;  and  elsewhere.  Com- 
poser of  part-songs,  songs,  and  author  of 
contributions  to  musical  journals. 

Taylor,  Silas,  composer,  born  at  Harley, 
Shropshire,  July  16,  1624 ;  died  November  4, 
1678.  Published  "  Court  Ayres,  or  Pavins, 
Almaines,  Corants,  and  Sarabands,"  London, 
1655. 

His  brother,  Sylvanus,  who  died  at  Dub- 
lin in  1672,  was  a  violinist. 

Taylor,  Mrs.  Tom,  horn  Laura  W.  Bar- 
ker. Third  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Barker,  vicar  of  Thirkleby,  Yorks.  ]\Iarried 
Mr.  Tom  Taylor,  the  dramatist,  in  June, 
1855.  Composed  Sonata  for  pf.  and  violin, 
the  Country  Walk,  1860.  "  Balladsand  Songs  of 
Brittany.  .Translated  by  Tom  Taylor, with  some 
of  the  Original  Melodies  harmonized  by  Mrs. 
Tom  Taylor,"  London,  1865.  "  Enone,"  can- 
tata, 1850 ;  Glees  ;  Six  Songs,  London  [1847] ; 
Six  Songs  for  voice  and  pf.  [1852] ;  Music  to 
"As  You  Like  It,"  London,  April  14,  1880; 
Songs  of  Youth,  1883,  etc. 

Taylor,  William,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Kidderminster,  December  8,  1832. 
Studied  under  Dr.  William  Marshall.  Grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac.,  Oxford,  1854.  Organist  and 
choirmaster,  St.  John  the  Baptist,  Kidder- 
minster, 1849-68  ;  and  of  the  Parish  Church 
from  1868.  Honorary  Borough  organist. 
Compo.sitions  :  Psalm  104,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra  ;  oratorio,  St.  John  the  Baptist 


TEMPLETON. 

(composed  1862  ;  published  1879)  ;  Te  Deum, 
Benedicite,  Evening  Service  in  F.  Songs, 
etc. 

Taylor,  William  Frederick,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Bristol  in  1835;  died  in 
February,  1 887.  Composer  of  Diana,  operetta, 
1884  ;  quartet  for  pf.  and  strings.  Fantasias, 
galops,  marches,  gavottes,  and  numerous 
transcriptions  for  pf.  Part-songs  and  songs. 
He  gave  concerts  at  which  five  of  his  own 
family  took  part. 

Temple,  Hope,  composer,  born  in  Dublin, 
of  English  parents.  At  the  age  of  thirteen 
came  to  England  to  complete  her  education. 
Studied  under  J.  F.  Barnett  and  E.  Silas; 
and  in  Paris  with  Andr^  Messager.  Gave 
concerts,  Steinway  Hall,  1890,  etc.  Composer 
of  an  operetta,  "  The  Wooden  Spoon,"  and  of 
a  number  of  songs,  among  which  naay  be 
named  'Tis  all  that  I  can  say,  An  Old  Garden, 
Were  we  lovers  then?  Mary  Grey,  A  Mother's 
love,  Queen  of  Roses,  etc. 

Temple,  Richard,  see  Cobb,  Richard 
Barker. 

Templeton,  John,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at 
Riccarton,  near  Kilmarnock,  July  30,  1802. 
One  of  a  family  of  which  other  members 
were  singers.  He  was  precentor  in  Dr. 
Brown's  Secession  Church,  Edinburgh,  about 
1822,  but  went  to  London,  and  studied  under 
Blewitt,  Welsh,  and  T.  Cooke.  Debut  on 
stage  at  Worthing,  1828  First  appeared  in 
London  as  iJeZuiZZe  in  Shield's  "Rosina,"  Octo- 
ber 13, 1831.  Became  associated  with  Malibran 
in  1833,  and  sang  with  her  in  opera  in  London 
with  great  success.  Sang  in  Scotland,  1836. 
Appeared  in  the  United  States  as  lecturer 
and  vocalist,  1845-6,  and  published  his  lecture 
as  "  A  Musical  Entertainment,"  Boston,  1845. 
He  retired  from  public  life  in  1852.  ile  sang 
in  operas  of  Meyerbeer,  Spohr,  Mozart,  Auber, 
Barnett,  Balfe,  Benedict,  and  Rossini,  and 
was  one  of  the  most  popular  and  refined 
ballad  vocalists  of  his  time.  He  died  at  New 
Hampton,  near  London,  July  1,  1886.  See 
Templeton  and  Malibran,  reminiscences  of 
these  renowned  singers,  with  original  letters 
and  anecdotes,  by  W.  11.  H.,  London,  1880,  3 
portraits.  He  composed  a  few  songs,  "  Put 
off !  put  off !  "  (Queen  Mary's  escape  from 
Lochleven),  etc. 

His  brother  James  (born  in  1784 ;  died 
January  4,  1808),  was  an  alto  singer,  and 
acted  as  precentor  of  St.  Andrew's  Parish 
Church,  Edinburgh,  for  many  years.  Robert 
(born  in  1790 ;  died  1853),  was  a  tenor, 
and  held  a  precentor's  appointment  in  a 
church  in  Kilmarnock.  Matthew  ^born  in 
1792  ;  died  April  16,  1870),  was  a  bass  singer 
and  a  teacher  of  music.  Andrew  (born  in 
1796 ;  died  in  June,  1841),  was  a  precentor  in 
Kirkwood's  Relief  Church  at  Edinburgh,  and 
possessed  a  fine  alto  voice. 


408 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


TENCH. 

Tench,  Mrs.  Albert,  see  Cullen,  Rose. 
Thicknesse,  Mrs.  Philip,  sec  Ford,  Ann. 
Thackeray,  Duncan,  organist,  teuor 
vocalist  and  composer.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1870;  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin,  1871. 
Sometime  organist  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Perth;  later  at  Southgate,  Middlesex.  Since 
1860  tenor  in  choir  of  Armagh  Cathedral. 
He  has  composed  two  sacred  cantatas  for  soli, 
chorus  (8  part),  and  orchestra ;  Church 
Service ;  Songs,  etc. 

Thillon,  Anna,  horn  Hunt,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  in  London  in  1819.  Left 
England  at  the  age  of  ten,  and  studied  at 
Havre,  marrying,  when  fifteen,  ]\L  Thillon, 
who  was  at  one  time  principal  first  violin  in 
Jullien's  band.  She  made  her  dtbut  at  the 
Theatre  de  la  Renaissance,  Paris,  November 
17,  1838,  in  Grisar's  "  Lady  Melvil  "  ;  and 
after  singing  in  opera  in  Paris  for  some  years, 
returned  to  England,  and  appeared  first  at  the 
Princess's  Theatre,  ]\Iay  2,  1844,  as  the  Queen 
in  Auber's  "  Crown  Diamonds."  She  sang 
at  the  Philharmonic  Concert  on  June  24 
following,  and  later,  in  the  provinces.  Visited 
the  Continent,  and  was  in  America,  1850-4. 
Returning  to  England,  sang  at  Jullien's 
Concerts,  18.54.  Made  her  kst  appearance  in 
opera  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre,  IMay,  1855,  in 
the  "  Crown  Diamonds,"  and  retiring  from 
public  life  some  years  later,  went  to  reside  at 
Torquay. 

Thirlwall,  John  Wade,  composer  and 
violinist,  born  at  Sliilbottle,  Northumberland, 
January  11,  1809 ;  died  at  London,  June  15, 
1876.  He  was  leader  of  the  band  at  Coven t 
Garden  Theatre,  etc.  Composer  of  a  "  Book 
of  Ballads,"  184.3;  Songs,  violin  music,  etc. 

His  daughter  Annik  (born  1830 ;  died, 
London,  October  19,  1881),  who  married 
E.  Dussek  Corri  (q.v.),  wa-;  a  soprano  vocalist. 
Thorn,  Rev.  Robert  Riach,  clergyman, 
poet,  and  musician,  born  at  Montrose,  De- 
cember 16,  1831.  Educated  at  Edinburgh 
University,  etc.  Minister  of  Free  St.  David's, 
Glasgow,  and  afterwards  of  the  Free  High 
Church,  Kilmarnock.  He  has  composed  a 
number  of  hymns  and  other  music  for  the 
church,  and  in  1868  he  edited  a  "  Manual  of 
Praise,"  containing  music  for  the  service  of 
the  church. 

Thomas,  f^ee  also  Aptomimas. 
Thomas,  Adelaide  Louisa,  pianist,  born 
at  Clapham,  London.  Scholar  of  the  National 
Training  School,  Kensington  ;  A.R.C.M.  Gave 
pf.  recitals  in  London,  1883,  etc.  In  1892 
passed  the  examination  for  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford, 
but  was  not  allowed  to  take  the  degree. 
Author  of  "A  Royal  Road  to  Pianoforte 
Playing,"  Williams  ;  and  composer  of  Festi- 
val Setting  of  ]\L'ignificat  and  Nunc  Dimittis. 
Principal  of  the  Scientific  Training  School  for 
Music,  1894. 


THOMAS. 

Thomas,  Arthur  Goring,  composer,  born 
at  Ralton  Park,  near  Eastbourne,  Sussex,  Nov- 
ember 21,  1851.  Intended  for  another  pro- 
fession, he  did  not  enter  upon  the  serious 
study  of  music  until  he  was  over  twenty  years 
of  age.  Studied  at  Paris,  under  Emile  Dur- 
and,  1874-6 ;  and  subsequently  at  R.A.M., 
London,  under  Sullivan  and  Prout.  Lucas 
Prizeholder,  1879-80.  F.R.A.M.  He  resided 
in  London,  and  devoted  himself  entirely  to 
composition.  His  death  was  melancholy. 
Suffering  from  mental  depression,  he  threw 
himself  in  front  of  a  train  at  West  Hampstead 
Station,  March  20,  1892,  and  was  instantly 
killed.  A  Goring  Thomas  Scholarship  was 
founded,  1892,  at  the  R.A.M. 

Works. — Operas  :  The  light  of  the  Harem 
(R.A.M.  composition,  1880);  Esmeralda,  pro- 
duced by  Carl  Rosa,  Drury  Lane,  INfarch  26, 
1883  ;  Nadeschda  (Julian  Sturgis),  the  same, 
April  16,  1885  ;  The  Golden  Web  (left  un- 
finished, scoring  comj)leted  by  S.  P.  Wadding- 
ton),  prodiTced,  Court  Theatre,  Liverpool, 
February  15,  1893.  Choral  Ode,  The  Sun- 
worshippers,  Norwich  Festival,  1881 ;  Cantata, 
The  Swan  and  the  Skvlark  (orchestral  score  by 
C.  V.  Stanford),  Birnnngham'  Festival,  1894. 
Four  vocal  scenas.  Hero  and  Leander  (Lucas 
Prize),  1880,  etc.  Psalm  for  soprano  solo, 
chorus  and  orchestra,  R.A.M.  concert,  St. 
James's  Hall,  June  19,  1878.  Songs :  Twelve 
Lyrics;  Lullaby;  Breeze  from  shore;  Song  of 
Spain;  Chanson  de  IMai ;  Know'st  thou  the 
land  ;  A  Summer  land  ;  The  Kiss  ;  Album  of 
ten  songs  (selected  from  a  number  found 
among  his  MSS.),  six  are  settings  of  French 
words  by  Victor  Hugo,  and  others.  Duet, 
The  Dawn,  Birmingham  Festival,  1891 ;  Duet, 
Sunset.  Suite  de  Ballet,  orchestra,  composed 
for  Cambridge  University  IMusical  Society, 
and  produced,  June  9,  1887  ;  Sonata,  pf.  and 
violin,  etc. 

Thomas,  C.  N.,  amateur  organist.  For 
twenty-five  years  he  was  organist  of  St. 
George's  Cathedral,  Cape  Town,  resigning  in 
1888.  A  good  baritone  vocalist,  he  has  taken 
an  active  part  in  musical  doings  in  the  colony, 
by  his  work  at  concerts  as  well  as  in  the 
church. 

Thomas,  Cadwallader,  bandmaster,  born 
on  November  15,  1838.  Joined  the  ijand  of 
the  Coldstream  Guards  in  1853,  and  became 
Serjeant  in  1866,  at  that  time  being  solo 
clarinet  player.  Bandmaster  to  the  Duke  of 
York's  School,  1870-80;  and  on  the  retire- 
ment of  Frederick  Godfrey,  1880,  was  appointed 
bandmaster  of  the  Coldstream  Giiards.  This 
he  held  until  early  in  1896,  when  he  retired. 

Thomas,  Dudley,  tenor  vocalist.  Won 
the  prize  for  tenors  at  the  Crystal  Palace 
Competitions,  June  27,  1872.  Was  a  member 
of  Sidney  Leslie's  Royal  English  Opera  Com- 
pany, 1885  ;  and  also  sang  in  Italian  opera  at 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


409 


THOMAS. 

■Covent   Garden   in    1887.     Later  details  are 
wanting. 

Thomas,  Evan  William,  violinist  and 
•composer,  pupil  of  Spagnoletti.  Hl  played 
in  the  orchestra  at  the  production  of  Weber's 
"Oberon,"  1826.  Most  of  his  professional 
life  was  passed  in  Liverpool,  where  he  was 
appointed  leader  of  the  Philharmonic  band, 
1850.  He  gave  successful  shilling  Saturday 
■Concerts  in  Liverpool,  1854 ;  also  classical 
chamber  concerts  in  IManchester,  185.3,  etc. 
He  composed  a  concerto  in  A  minor,  for 
violin  and  orchestra,  1863,  and  other  pieces. 
Retired  many  years  ago,  and  resided  at  Dinas 
Dinlle,  North  Wales,  where  he  died  October 
4,  1892,  in  his  79th  year. 

Thomas,  Florence  A.,  see  sub.  Mae- 
SH.\LL,  Julian. 

Thomas,  Frances,  clarinet  player  of 
present  time.  She  has  been  heard  at  concerts 
in  London,  Birmingham,  etc.,  froin  1878,  and 
has  gained  a  reputation  for  tone  and  execu- 
tion. 

Thomas,  John,  T'encerdd  Gwalia,  harp- 
ist and  composer,  born  at  Bridgend,  Glamor- 
ganshire, March  1  (St.  David's  Day),  1826. 
When  a  child  he  played  the  piccolo,  and  then 
the  harp,  winning  the  prize  of  a  triple  harp 
at  Abergavenny  Eisteddfod  when  eleven  years 
old.  Through  the  influence  of  the  Countess 
of  Lovelace  he  was  placed  in  the  R.A.IM.  in 
1840,  where  he  studied  the  harp  under  J.  B. 
•Chatterton,  and  composition  under  Charles 
Lucas  and  Cipriani  Potter.  ]\Iany  composi- 
tions, including  an  oi^era,  "  Alfred  the  Great," 
were  written  during  his  student  days,  and 
produced  at  the  R.A.M.  concerts.  In  succes- 
sion he  was  elected  Associate,  Fellow,  and 
Professor,  R.A.M.  In  1851  he  was  harpist  at 
the  Royal  Italian  Opera;  and  1852-62,  under- 
took annual  tours  on  the  continent,  playing 
at  Vienna,  Berlin,  Moscow,  St.  Petersburg, 
etc.  Played  at  the  Leipzig  Gewandhaus 
■Concerts,  October  3,  1852,  and  again  in  Jan- 
uary, 1861.  In  1801  the  title  of  Pcnccrdd 
Givalia  (Chief  Bard  of  Wales),  was  conferred 
upon  him  at  the  Aberdare  Eisteddfod.  He 
gave  his  first  concert  of  Welsh  music  at  St. 
James's  Hall,  July  4,  1862,  with  a  chorus  of 
four-hundred  voices,  and  a  band  of  twenty 
harps,  creating  a  great  sensation.  Some  of 
his  harp  compositions  were  introduced.  These 
concerts  have  been  continued  annually. 
In  1871  he  was  appointed  Harpist  to  the 
■Queen,  in  succession  to  the  late  J.  B.  Chatt- 
erton. That  year  he  also  was  conductor  of 
"the  Welsh  Choral  Union.  By  his  efforts  a 
Welsh  Scholarship  was  founded  at  the  R.A.M. 
in  1888,  and  which  bears  his  name.  He  acted 
as  adjudicator  at  the  Eisteddfod  at  Chicago 
Exhibition,  1893;  his  cantata,  "Llewelyn," 
was  performed  September  6,  and  gave  a  harp 
•concert  there,  September  18.     Public  recog- 


THOMAS. 

nition  of  his  services  to  music  has  not  been 
wanting,  and  he  has  been  elected  Member  of 
the  .-Academy  of  St.  Cecilia,  and  Philharmonic, 
Rome;  Philharmonic,  and  Royal  Musical 
Academy,  Florence;  Philharmonic  Society, 
London.  He  is  professor  of  the  harp  at 
R.C.M.,  and  a  Member  of  the  Royal  Society 
of  Musicians,  and  of  the  I.S.IM.  At  the 
Cardiff  Conference,  1896-7,  he  gave  a  lecture 
on  the  Music  of  Wales. 

Works. — Llewelyn,  dramatic  cantata,  pro- 
duced, Swansea  Eisteddfod,  1863;  The  Bride 
of  Neath  Valley,  a  Welsh  scene,  Chester, 
1866.  The  memory  of  love;  The  Minstrel; 
There  be  none  of  Beauty's  daughters ;  and 
many  other  songs.  Welsh  patriotic  songs, 
arranged  for  chorus  and  harp.  Edited  and 
arranged  a  Collection  of  Welsh  Melodies,  for 
voice,  with  harp  or  pf .  accompaniment,  2  vols., 
1862  ;  later,  4  vols.  Harp :  Concerto  in  E 
flat,  produced.  Philharmonic  Concert,  May  3, 
1852 ;  Concerto  in  B  flat.  Duets  for  two 
harps  ;  for  harp  and  pf. ;  Two  sets  of  six 
studies,  and  many  pieces  for  harp  solo.  Ro- 
mance and  rondo  piacevole,  harp  and  violin. 
Transcription  of  Mendelssohn's  Lieder  ohne 
Worte,  8  books ;  Schubert's  songs  ;  Welsh 
melodies  ;  Beethoven's  Sonata,  op.  27,  No.  2; 
Handel's  variations  in  E,  etc. 

Thomas,  John.  Born  at  Blaenanerch, 
Cardiganshire,  December  11, 1839.  Composer 
of  many  anthems,  glees,  and  part-songs,  of  a 
popular  type.  Adjudicator  and  conductor  of 
Psalmody  Festivals. 

Thomas,  John  L.,  If.uan  Ddu,  musician 
and  editor,  born  near  Carmarthen  in  1795 ; 
died  at  Treforest,  Glamorgan,  June  30,  1871. 
He  compiled  "  Y  Caniedydd  Cymreig :  the 
Cambrian  minstrel,  being  a  collection  of  the 
melodies  of  Cambria,  with  original  words  in 
English  and  Welsh,"  Merthyr  Tydvill,  1845. 
Thomas  was  a  schoolmaster  by  profession. 

Thomas,  John  Rogers,  composer,  and 
baritone  vocalist,  born  at  Newport,  Mon- 
mouth, IMarch  26,  1830.  He  went  to  the 
United  States,  and  became  a  teacher  and 
editor.  He  published  "  Church  Music,  a 
selection  of  Gems  from  the  best  masters," 
New  York,  1863  ;  Thomas'  Sacred  Music,  a 
collection  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes.  New 
York,  1863.  Composed  "  The  Pic-nic  "  can- 
tata ;  "  Diamond  cut  Diamond,"  operetta, 
1876.  Songs :  After  long  years ;  Beautiful 
isle  of  the  sea  (1865) ,  Bonnie  Eloise  ;  Cottage 
by  the  sea  ;  Evangeline  ;  Pretty  Nelly ; 
Thine  alone  ;  'Tis  but  a  little  faded  flower. 

Thomas,  Lewis  William,  bass  vocalist, 
born  at  Bath,  of  Welsh  parentage,  April,  1826. 
He  was  brought  up  as  a  wood-carver,  but 
developing  a  fine  bass  voice,  he  studied 
singing  under  Bianchi  Taylor.  In  1850  he 
was  appointed  lay-clerk  in  Worcester  Cathe- 
dral, and,  in  1852,  master  of  the  choristers. 


410 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


THOMAS. 

For  some  years  he  assisted  at  the  Three 
Choirs'  and  Birmingham  Festivals.  He  was 
a  great  favourite  in  Birmingham,  and  sang  at 
the  Festival  Choral  and  other  concerts  for 
many  years.  He  first  appeared  in  London 
at  St.  Martin's  Hall,  December  20,  1854,  in 
"The  Messiah,"  at  Mr.  HuUah's  concerts, 
and  sang  at  the  Sacred  Harmonic  concerts 
for  the  first  time,  November  23,  1855.  The 
next  year  he  settled  in  London,  and  was  in 
the  choir  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  This 
appointment  he  left  in  1857  for  the  Temple 
Church ,  and  about  the  same  time  was  appoin  ted 
a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  He  sang 
at  the  Temple  Church  until  1885,  and  resigned 
his  position  at  the  Chapel  Royal  in  1887. 
For  a  short  time,  about  1857,  he  sang  in 
opera.  During  Mr.  Joseph  Bennett's  visit  to 
America,  1884-5,  Lewis  Thomas  undertook 
his  musical  duties  on  the  Daily  Telegraph, 
and  later  was  placed  on  the  staff  of  that  paper. 
From  1886  he  edited  The  Lute  for  some  time. 
He  died,  after  a  lingering  illness,  in  London, 
June  13,  189G. 

Thomas,  Llewelyn,  physician,  born  in 
1848.  !M.D.,  Brussels.  He  was  surgeon  to 
the  Central  London  Throat  and  Ear  Hos- 
pital;  Hon.  physician  to  the  R.A.M.  and 
G.S.M.  ;  lecturer  on  Vocal  Physiology,  T.C.L., 
resigning  in  1882.  A  Llewelyn  Thomas  Prize 
was  instituted  at  the  R.  A.M.,  1877,  and  con- 
tinued in  memory  of  him.  It  is  a  Gold 
Medal  for  declamatory  English  singing.  Dr. 
Thomas  died  in  London,  November  2G,  1884. 

Thomas,  Robert  Harold,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Cheltenham,  July  8,  1834. 
He  studied  at  the  R.A.M.  under  Bennett, 
Potter,  and  Blagrove,  and  played  at  concerts 
in  London  from  about  1850.  He  was  a  pro- 
fessor of  the  pf.  at  the  R.A.M.  and  the 
Guildhall  School  of  Music.  He  died  at  London, 
July  29,  1885. 

Works. — Overtures  :  ^Mountain,  lake,  and 
moorland.  Philharmonic  Society,  February 
19,1880;  "As  you  like  it  "..1864.  Nocturnes, 
fantasias,  and  numerous  transcriptions  for 
the  pf.     Songs,  etc. 

Thomas,  T.  D.,  musician,  compiled 
"  Sacred  Harmony :  a  selection  of  church 
music. .  .  .for  the  use  of  countrj-  choirs. ..." 
Winchester  [1815j. 

Thomas,  Thomas,  see  Aptommas. 

Thomas,  William  Edwin,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Oxford  in  1867.  Chorister 
at  Christ  Church  at  age  of  seven,  and  pupil 
of  Dr.  Corfe ;  at  the  same  time  playing 
(Gregorian)  services  at  St.  Nicholas'  Chapel, 
Oxford.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1888;  Mus. 
Doc,  1894,  Oxford.  While  still  a  chorister 
he  was  selected  four  successive  j^ears  by  Sir 
F.  Ouseley  to  sing  at  his  Festivals,  St. 
Michael's,  Tenbury.  After  acting  as  deputy 
at  St.  Paul's,  Oxford,  for  some  time,  he  was 


orchestra  (1893) 
Magnificat  and 
prize  madrigal 
"  And  wilt  thou 


THOMAS. 

appointed  to  a  church  at  Ellesboro',  near 
Tring ;  but  in  a  few  months  he  returned  to- 
Oxford  as  organist  and  choirmaster  of  St. 
Mary  and  St.  John,  under  Father  Benson. 
In  1886  he  was  appointed  organist  and  music 
master  at  All  Saints',  Bloxham,  Banbury. 
There  he  founded  a  Choral  Society  which  did 
good  work.  In  1894  he  went  to  Bournemouth^ 
obtaining  the  conductorship  of  the  Boscombe 
Philharmonic  Society  there,  and  in  1895  was 
appointed  to  St.  Clement's  Church,  which 
posts  he  still  holds.  His  compositions  com- 
prise Psalm  71,  for  eight-part  chorus  and 
Communion  Service  in  F  ; 

Nunc   Dimittis   in   D  ;       A 
(Brighton     Philharmonic), 

weep?";  The  School  Song 
of  All  Saints',  Bloxham  (words  by  J.  H.  T. 
Goodwin,  B.A.) ;  serenade  ;  song,  "  The  Holy 
Child,"  etc. 

Thomas,  William  Henry,  pianist,  or- 
ganist, and  conductor,  born  at  Bath,  May  8, 
1848.  Son  of  Lewis  W.  Thomas.  Removed 
with  the  family  to  Worcestt-r,  1850,  and  fre- 
quently sang  with  the  choir  boys  in  the 
Cathedral,  though  not  an  enrolled  member 
of  the  choir.  Went  to  London  in  1856.  His 
studies  were  continued  under  his  father  for 
singing,  J.  B.  Zerbini  for  pf.,  J.  H.  B.  Dando 
violin,  and  E.  J.  Hopkins  organ  and  harmony. 
Has  been  organist  successively  at  St.  Andrew's,. 
Lambeth  ;  St.  Martin's,  Ludgate  Hill ;  St. 
George's,  Tufuell  Park  from  1871  to  present 
time.  Has  aeputised  at  Crystal  Palace  for 
Jas.  Coward,  and  at  Chapel  Royal  for  G. 
Cooper ;  was  formerly  much  engaged  as 
accompanist  at  the  Novello  Concerts  at  the 
Albert  Hall,  etc.  Conductor  of  Tufnell  Park 
Choral  Society  from  1879  ;  Popular  Ballad 
Concerts  ;  Oratorios  at  the  People's  Palace ; 
and  an  earnest  worker  in  the  cause  of  musical 
education.  Professor  of  singing  at  the  Guild- 
hall School  from  its  foundation ;  also  at 
R.A.M.  Examiner  for  Associated  Board, 
R.A.M.  and  R.C.M.  Editor  of  "Major  and 
Minor  Scales  in  various  forms  and  rhythms." 
His  j-ounger  brother,  Frask  Lewis  'Thomas^ 
studied  at  R.A.M.  under  W.  G.  Cusins  andF. 
Ralph,  and,  after  leaving  there,  studied  with 
A.  H.  Thouless  and  C.  S.  Jekyll.  His  first 
appointment  was  as  organist  of  Christ  Church, 
Lancaster  Gate,  while  the  late  W.  H.  Monk 
was  choirmaster.  From  1880  to  present  time 
he  has  been  organist  and  CM.  of  St.  Mary's,. 
Bromley,  Kent.  He  founded  the  Bromley 
Musical  Society,  in  1880,  and  has  conducted 
many  important  concerts  each  year  since ;. 
and  has  been  frequently  engaged  as  accom- 
panist at  the  Covent  Garden  Promenade  and 
Queen's  Hall  Concerts.  He  has  composed  a 
number  of  pieces  for  pf.,  and  "  I  saw  thee 
weep,"  "  The  impress  of  the  Creator,"  "  Love's- 
wherefore,"  and  other  songs. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY 


411 


THOMPSON. 

Thompson,   Lady    Henry,  see  Loder, 
Kate. 
Thompson,  General  Thos.  Perronet, 

political  writer  aud  musician,  born  at  Hull, 
in  1783  ;  died  at  London,  September  6,  1869. 
Author  of  "  Instructions  to  my  Daughter  for 
playing  on  the  enharmonic  guitar,  being  an 
attempt  to  effect  the  execution  of  correct  har- 
mony, on  principles  analogous  to  those  of  the 
ancient  enharmonic,"  London,  1829.  "En- 
harmonic theory  of  Music,"  London,  1829  ; 
Second  edition  issued  as  "Theory  and  practice 
of  just  intonation,"  London,  1850;  Third  ed.: 
"  Principles  and  practice  of  just  intonation, 
with  a  view  of  embod\  ing  the  results  of  the 
Sol-fa  Associations,  as  illustrated  on  the  en- 
harmonic organ  .  .  ,"  London,  1859.  Ex- 
ercises .  .  ,  London,  1842,  6  vols.  ;  contain- 
ing Enharmonic  of  the  ancients.  Harmonics 
of  the  violin,  Musical  periodicals,  Jews  harps, 
etc. 

Thomson,  Alexandra,  composer  of  pre- 
sent time.  Daughter  of  the  Most  Rev.  W. 
Thomson,  Archbishop  of  York  (1819-1890). 
Studied  under  Dr.  Naylor.  Her  setting  of 
Campbell's  "Battle  of  the  Baltic,"  for  chorus 
and  orchestra,  was  produced  October,  1890, 
at  the  Festival  at  Hovingham,  Yorkshire. 
She  has  also  composed  some  madrigals,  "The 
shepherd's  elegy,"  "Holiday  in  Arcadia,"  op. 
12,  etc. 

Thomson,  Rev.  Andrew  Mitchell, 
clergyman  and  musician,  born  at  Sanquhar, 
Dumfriesshire,  in  June,  1778,  baptized  July 
11,  1778.  He  was  successively  minister  of 
Sprouston,  Roxburgh,  1805-08  ;  East  Church, 
Perth,  1808-10;  New  Greyfriars'  Church, 
Edinburgh,  1810-14  ;  and  St.  George's  Church, 
Edinburgh,  1814-31.  He  died  at  Edinburgh, 
February  9,  1831.  Famous  for  his  patronage 
of  R.  A.  Smith,  and  for  his  efforts  to  promote 
good  psalmody  in  the  Church  of  Scotland. 
Edited  "  Sacred  harmony  for  the  use  of  St. 
George's  Church,  Edinburgh,"  1820.  He 
composed  "  St.  George's,  Edinburgh,"  "  Re- 
demption," and  other  well-known  psalm  tunes 
and  some  other  pieces  for  the  musical  service 
of  the  church. 

Thomson,  Andrew,  musician  and  vio- 
linist, was  born  about  1792.  Teacher  and 
violinist  in  Glasgow,  where  he  died  May  24, 
1860.  Author  of  a  "  New  and  improved  Vio- 
lin instructor,"  London,  1840.  Compiler  of 
"  Evenings  in  Scotland,  a  collection  of  Scottish 
melodies,"  Glasgow  [1845]  ;  "  Selections  from 
the  melodies  of  Scotland,  with  characteristic 
words  by  W.  H.  Bellamy,"  London,  1851, 
2  vols. 

Another  Andrew  Thomson  has  published 
the  "  Dance  Music  of  Scotland,  arranged  as 
sets,  for  dancing,"  Glasgow  [1883],  and  dance 
music  for  flute,  pf.  music,  etc. 

Thomson,    Andrew   D.,   composer   and 


THOMSON. 

teacher,  who  resided  in  Glasgow,  and  was 
teacher  in  the  Free  Church  Normal  School, 
1846  till  1854.  He  held  other  appointments. 
Author  of  "  Training-School  Song  Book," 
Glasgow,  1848-49,  compiled  with  W.  Sugden  ; 
"  Union  Sacred  Music  Chap-Book,"  Glasgow 
[1853]  ;  Contributions  to  Mitchison's  Psalm 
books,  etc. 

Thomson,  George,  collector  and  editor, 
born  at  Limekilns,  Fife,  March  4,  1757. 
Secretary  to  the  Board  of  Trustees  for  the 
Encouragement  of  Arts  and  ^lanufactures  in 
Scotland,  1780.  He  died  at  Leith,  February 
18,  1851.  Published  "  A  Select  Collection  of 
original  Scottish  airs  for  the  voice,  to  each  of 
which  are  added  introductory  and  concluding 
Symphonies  and  accompanyments  for  the 
pianoforte,  violin,  and  violoncello  [by  Pleyel, 
Kozeluch,  Haydn,  and  Beethoven,  vol.  titles 
differ],  with  select  and  characteristic  verses 
by  the  most  admired  Scottish  Poets...." 
London  [1793-1841],  6  vols:  v.  1,  1793;  2, 
1798;  3,  1799;  4,  1802;  5,  1818-1826;  6, 
1841.  Collection  of  the  Songs  of  Burns,  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  and  other  eminent  Ij'ric  poets, 
ancient  and  modern,  united  to  the  select 
melodies  of  Scotland,  and  of  Ireland  and 
Wales,  with  symphonies  and  accompani- 
ments for  the  pianoforte,  by  Pleyel,  Haydn, 

and  Beethoven,  etc London,  1822,  6  vols. 

Select  Collection  of  original  Welsh  airs, 
adapted  for  the  voice,  united  to  characteristic 
English  poetry,  with  introductory  and  con- 
cluding symphonies  [by  Haydn,  Beethoven, 
etc.],  London,  1809,  3  vols.  Select  collection 
of  original  Irish  airs,  united  to  characteristic 
English  poetry,  with  symphonies  and  accom- 
paniments for  the  pianoforte,  violin,  and 
violoncello,  composed  by  Beethoven,  London, 
1814-16,  2  vols.  Twenty  Scottish  melodies, 
added  in  1838-39  to  G.  Thomson's  new  edition 
of  the  Melodies,  Edinburgh,  1839. 

Thomson  was  an  enthusiastic  musician, 
and  frequently  gave  musical  parties  and 
nances  in  his  house  His  neighbours  objected 
to  the  noise,  and  under  cover  of  a  new  police 
act,  Thomson  was  proceeded  against  aud  an 
injunction  was  obtained  against  him  in  the 
police  courts.  This  case  gave  rise  to  a  con- 
troversy to  which  Thomson  contributed  two 
pamphlets — "  Statement  and  review  of  the 
recent  decision  of  the  judge  of  police  in 
Ediuliurgh,  authorizing  his  officers  to  make 
domiciliary  visits  in  private  families,  and  to 
stop  dancing,"  Edinburgh,  1807  ;  and  a  four- 
page  "  Postcript  "  on  the  same  subject. 

Thomson,  James,  musician,  was  pre- 
centor of  Lady  Yester's  Church,  Edinburgh, 
from  1800  to  1830.  He  was  also  a  teacher  of 
music  at  Leith.  Author  of  "  Rudiments  of 
Music,  to  which  is  added  a  Collection  of  the 
best  church  tunes,  hymns,  canons,  and  an- 
thems."    Edinburgh,  1778,  3rd  edition,  1793. 


412 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


THOMSON. 

Thomson,  James,  organist,  composer 
and  teacher,  born  at  Kendal,  November  15, 
1832.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  under  Sterndale 
Bennett  and  others.  P. R.A.M.  Has  held 
organ  appointments  at  King's  Lynn,  Torquay, 
Liverpool,  and  Belfast.  Resident  at  Saffron 
Waldei),  and  Professor  at  the  Training  Col- 
lege there,  and  at  Cavendish  College,  Cam- 
bridge. Of  his  compositions  a  symphony  in 
A  was  heard  at  Liverpool  in  1869 ;  and  an 
Ode  to  Hope  (1880),  and  a  cantata  "  i?he  Lady 
of  the  Lake,  have  been  performed  in  public. 

Thomson,  John,  composer,  conductor, 
and  professor,  born  at  Sprouston,  Roxburgh, 
October  28,  1805.  Son  of  the  Rev.  Andrew 
M.  Thomson.  Became  acquainted  with  Men- 
delssohn in  Edinburgh,  and  renewed  his 
aoquaintance  at  Leipzig,  where  he  studied 
under  Schnyder  von  Wartensee.  Returned  to 
Edinburgh,  and  in  1839  became  first  Reid 
Professor  of  Music  at  the  University.  Con- 
ducted the  first  Reid  Concert,  February  12, 
1841,  at  which  for  the  first  time  analytical 
programmes  were  used.  He  died  at  Edin- 
burgh, May  6,  1841. 

Works. — Operas  :  Hermann,  or  the  Broken 
Spear,  London,  1834  ;  The  House  of  Aspen, 
London,  1834  ;  The  Shadow  on  the  Wall, 
London,  1835.  Vocal  Melodies  of  Scot- 
land, with  symphonies  and  accompaniments 
bv  John  Thomson  and  Finlav  Dun,  Edin- 
burgh [1836],  n.d.  ;  New  Edition,  1880. 
Minuetto  for  pf.  and  flute  ;  Capriccio  for  pf. 
and  violin.  Bagatelle,  1831 ;  Divertimento 
(duet) ;  Polonaises ;  and  waltzes  for  pf.  Songs: 
Arab  to  his  steed ;  Blow  light,  thou  balmy  air ; 
Cleveland's  farewell  to  Minna  ;  Die  tanti  mci 
tormenti ;  Farewell,  my  love  ;  If  here  still  I 
linger ;  Lady  !  awake  ;  Love,  art  thou  waking 
or  sleeping  ?  ;  Love  wakes  and  weeps  ;  The 
merry  moonlight  hour;  Midnight  Dream  ;  O, 
cauld  to  me ;  O  !  sweet  be  your  slumbers ;  The 
pirate's  serenade  ;  Poor  Camille ;  Song  of 
Harold  Harfager;  Song  of  the  Rhenish  peasant ; 
Song  of  the  Spanish  maid  ;  The  Savoyard's 
return  ;  Where  art  thou  ?  ;  Zara !  art  thou 
sleeping?  ;  etc. 

Thomson,    Mrs.,    see    Laidlaw,    Anna 

EOBENA. 

Thomson,  William,  Scottish  musician, 
son  of  Daniel  Thomson,  King's  Triuiipeter  in 
Edinburgh.  He  went  to  London,  and  became 
known  as  a  singer.  Published  "Orpheus 
Caledonius,  or  a  collection  of  the  best  Scotch 
songs  set  to  Musick  by  W.  Thomson,"  London 
[1725]  ;  Second  edition,  London,  1733,  2  vols. 
This  is  the  earliest  printed  collection  of  Scots 
songs  with  music  and  contains  50  melodies. 
The  selection  issued  by  John  Playford  in  1700 
as  "  Collection  of  original  Scotch  tunes,"  is 
without  the  lyrics,  which  in  Thomson's  case, 
were  pilfered  from  Ramsay's  "  Tea  table  mis- 
cellany "  without  acknowledgment. 


THORNE. 

Thorley,  Thomas,  English  composer  and 
vocalist,  who  flourished  at  the  end  of  the  18th 
and  beginning  of  the  present  centuries.  He 
composed  a  large  amount  of  vocal  and  instru- 
mental music,  among  which  maj'  be  mentioned 
an  extraordinary  piece  of  discriptive  music 
called  "The  Siege  of  Algiers,  a  characteristic 
divertimento  for  the  pf."..1820,  containing 
passages  respecting  rockets  and  bombs  burst- 
ing ;  ships  on  fire.  Briton's  triumph,  christian 
slavery  abolished  for  ever  !  etc.  His  other 
works  include,  "Ten  voluntaries  for  the  organ 
or  harpsichord  [1775]  ;  Epitaph  hymn  on  the 
death  of  the  Princess  Charlotte  of  Wales 
[1817]  ;  Sacred  cabinet,  or  divine  repository, 
containingoriginal  hymns,  etc.,  London  [1818]. 

Thorndike,  Herbert  Elliot,  baritone 
vocalist,  born  at  Liverpool,  April  7,  1851. 
Educated  at  Cambridge  University,  and  while 
an  undergraduate  won  the  prize  for  baritone 
at  the  National  Music  Meetings,  Crystal  Pal- 
ace, July  5,  1873.  Studied  at  Milan  under 
Francesco  Lamperti,  and  on  his  return  to 
England  continued  his  studies  with  H.  C. 
Deacon  and  Alberto  Randegger.  Sang  at 
various  concerts  in  London,  and  appeared  at 
the  Norwich  Festival,  and  the  ^londay  Popular 
Concerts  in  1884 ;  Crystal  Palace,  etc.  In 
July,  1886,  he  sang  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre  in 
Herv^'s  "  Frivoli." 

Thorne,  Edward  Henry,  organist, 
pianist,  and  composer,  born  at  Cranborne, 
Dorset,  May  9,  1834.  Musically  educated  at 
St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  under  (Sir) 
George  Elvej\  Organist  successively  at 
Henley-on-Thames,  1853 ;  Chichester  Cathe- 
dral, 1863;  St.  Patrick's,  Brighton,  1870; 
St.  Peter's,  Cranley  Gardens,  London,  1873  ; 
St.  Michael's,  Cornhill,  1875 ;  and  St.  Anne's, 
Soho,  1891  to  present  time.  He  has  given 
concerts  and  pf.  recitals  in  London,  Brighton, 
and  other  places,  for  a  number  cl  jears ; 
recitals  at  Queen's  Hall,  1895-6 ;  and  is 
conductor  of  St.  Anne's  Choral  and  Orchestral 
Society ;  and  societies  at  Clapham  and 
Worthing. 

Works. — Psalm  57,  for  tenor  solo,  chorus, 
and  orchestra,  St.  James's  Hall  (Willing's 
choir),  February  26,  1884  ;  Psalm  125 ;  Mag- 
nificat and  Nunc  Dimittis,  for  soli,  chorus, 
orchestra,  and  organ,  composed  for  the  Festival 
of  the  Sons  of  the  Clergj- ;  Church  Services. 
Anthems :  All  Thy  works  praise  Thee ;  Behold, 
the  Lord,  the  Ruler,  is  come ;  In  sweet 
consent ;  Let  us  now  praise  famous  men 
(men's  voices) ;  The  Lord  that  brought  us ; 
and  others.  Sacred  Music  for  the  home 
circle,  1859.  Edited  A  Selection  of  single  and 
double  chants  (I860?),  London,  Hamilton. 
Songs,  various.  Overture,  Peveril  of  the 
Peak  (prize).  Promenade  Concerts,  Covent 
Garden,  October  29,  1885.  Two  trios,  pf.  and 
strings ;    Sonatas  for  j)f.  and  violin,  and  pf. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


413 


THORNE. 

and  'cello  ;  Sonata  Elegia,  pf .  Romance,  pf . 
and  'cello ;  Suite,  pf.  and  clarinet,  etc. 
Original  compositions  for  organ,  seven  books; 
Organ  pieces,  various. 

His  son,  Herbert  Edward,  born  at  Hen- 
ley-on-Thames, October  11,  1861,  is  a  pianist 
and  organist.  Appointed  to  All  Souls', 
South  Hampstead ;  St.  Saviour's,  Brixton, 
1884;  and  to  Clapham  Parish  Church,  1891. 
He  has  appeared  as  pianist  at  his  father's 
concerts  at  Brighton,  1882,  etc.  His  daughter 
Beatrice,  born  in  London,  April  14,  1878, 
made  her  debut  as  a  pianist  at  Princes'  Hall 
in  1888  ;  played  at  Jersey  the  same  year  ; 
Brighton,  1890;  and  at  her  father's  recitals, 
Queen's  Hall,  November,  1895;  and  1896. 
She  has  composed  some  j)ieces  for  pf.,  of 
which  a  gavotte  is  published. 

Thorne,  George,  comedian,  son  of  the  late 
Richard  Samuel  Thorne,  dramatic  manager. 
He  has  been  associated  with  the  D'Oyly  Carte 
travelling  coinpanies  for  many  years ;  and  his 
impersonations  of  the  characters  of  Ko  Ko, 
Jack  Point,  the  Chavcellor,  and  others  in  the 
Gilbert-Sullivan  operas,  have  been  extremely 
popular. 

Thouless,  A.  H.,  j)ianist  and  composer. 
"Studied  under  James  Harcourt  at  Norwich, 
and  at  R.A.^I.  Was  appointed  a  professor  of 
pf.  at  R.A.M.  in  1867,  and  was  also  an  Asso- 
ciate. He  produced  his  pf.  concerto  in  E  flat, 
at  the  concerts  of  the  International  Exhibi- 
tion, Kensington,  1873,  himself  playing  the 
solo  part.  As  accompanist  to  various  concert 
parties,  he  toured  in  the  provinces,  1877-80, 
etc.  He  composed  a  Tantuai  Ergo,  and  0 
Salutaris,  that  were  performed  at  St.  John's 
(R.C.)  Church,  Norwich,  1883  ;  and  a  "Hymn 
to  Diana,"  for  soprano  solo,  and  chorus,  1884. 
He  died  about  the  year  1893.  H.  Thouless, 
tenor  vocalist,  was  for  years  a  member  of  Nor- 
wich Cathedral  Choir. 

Thudichum,  Charlotte,  soprano  vocalist, 
born  at  Kensington,  London.  Her  father, 
German  by  birth,  is  a  physician  of  repute, 
F.R.C.O.,  and  her  mother  is  descended  from 
a  French  Huguenot  family.  Miss  Thudichum 
studied  under  ^Manuel  Garcia  at  the  R.A.^I., 
and  won  the  Parepa-Rosa  Scholarship,  1880, 
and  the  Westmorland,  1882.  In  Paris  she 
studied  opera  with  Madame  Viardot.  Sang 
at  the  Monday  Popular  and  Crystal  Palace 
Concerts  in  1883 ;  for  the  Birmingham  Festi- 
val Choral  Society,  November  1884 ;  and  else- 
where, early  arri\nng  at  success.  Took  the 
part  (with  Jliss  Macintyre)  of  Rebecca  in 
Sullivan's  "Ivanhoe,"  1891.  Undertook  a  long 
tour,  with  success,  in  Australia,  1896-7. 

Thumoth,  Burk,  Irish  musician  and  flute 
player,  of  the  latter  part  of  last  century.  He 
issued  "  Six  Solos  for  a  German  flute,  violin, 
or  harpsichord  "  [1740] ;  "  Twelve  Scotch  and 
twelve  Irish  airs,"  London  [1775];"  Forty- 


TINNEY. 

eight  English,   Irish,  and  Scotch   airs   with 
variations,"  London  [1785J . 

Thunder,  Henry  Q.,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  near  Dublin,  February  10,  1832. 
He  studied  under  Thalberg,  and  settled  as  a 
teacher  and  pianist  in  New  York,  where  he 
also  held  appointments  as  organist  of  St. 
Augustine's,  St.  Clement's,  and  St.  Stephen's 
Roman  Catholic  Churches.  He  died  at  New 
York,  December  14, 1881.  Composer  of  church 
music,  songs,  etc. 

Thurnam,  Edward,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Warwick,  September  24,  1825. 
Organist  of  Reigate  Parish  Church,  1849-1880 ; 
and  conductor  of  Reigate  Choral  Society.  He 
died  at  Reigate,  November  25, 1880.  Composer 
of  music  for  the  church.    Songs,  and  pf.  music. 

Tiagya  Raj,  composer,  born  at  Trivadi, 
Tanjore,  in  the  Presidency  of  Madras,  India. 
He  was  the  composer  of  many  sacred  songs, 
called  Kruthis,  and  other  pieces.  He  flour- 
ished from  about  1820-1840. 

Tiley,  Joseph  Crispin,  composer,  was 
born  in  1843.  He  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  in  1866,  and  Mus.  Doc,  in  1874. 
Organist  of  Christ  Church,  Rotherhithe ;  St. 
Matthew's  Episcopal  Chapel,  Westminster, 
1862;  St.  Michael,  Bassishaw,  1864.  Gave 
recitals,  1866.  Being  possessed  of  private 
means  he  devoted  himself  chiefly  to  musical 
composition,  but  only  a  few  of  his  pieces  were 
published,  and  these  chiefly  in  the  Organists' 
Quarterly  Journal,  1882-84.  He  died  at  Lon- 
don, July  1,  1879. 

Tilleard,  James,  editor  and  composer, 
born  in  1827 ;  died,  January  17,  1876.  He 
edited  "  Collection  of  sacred  music,  for  the 
use  of  schools,"  London,  1849  ;  "  Secular 
music  for  schools,"  1851;  "The  People's- 
Chant  Book,"  1853;  "Patriotic  Part-songs," 
London  [1864],  19  Nos.  Composer  of  Te 
Deums,  anthems,  part-songs  and  songs. 

Timbrell,  Francis,  musician  of  the  18th 
century,  issued  "  The  Divine  Musick  Scholar's 
Guide,  with  the  famous  Mr.  Tho :  Ravens- 
croft's  Psalm  tunes  in  four  parts,  corrected 
and  revised.  To  which  is  added  a  choice 
collection  of  new  psalm  tunes,  hymns  and 
anthems.  Also  rules  and  directions  for  play- 
ing on  the  spinnet,  harpsichord,  or  organ," 
London  [1715]. 

TInney,  Charles  Ernest,  bass  vocalist, 
born  at  Pimlico,  ],ondon,  March  15,  1851. 
Chorister  at  Westminster  Abbey,  under  J. 
Turle.  Sang  at  Alexandi'a  Palace,  .'\pril  1, 
1876,  in  revival  of  Handel's  "  Susanna,"  and 
at  various  concerts.  In  1877  he  was  appointed 
to  the  choir  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and  pro- 
fessor at  the  Guildhall  School,  1883.  These 
he  gave  up  for  a  professorship  at  the  New 
England  Conservatory,  Boston,  U.S.A.,  re- 
maining in  America  four  years.  Returning  to 
England  in  1890,  he  was  appointed  professor 


Ui 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


TINBUTT. 

of  singing  at  the  Royal  Normal  College  for 
the  Blind,  Trinity  College,  London,  and  other 
institutions.  He  is  choirmaster  of  All  Saints', 
Blackheath;  and  conductor  of  the  Blackheath 
Glee  and  ]Madrigal  Club.  He  is  the  composer 
of  an  Evening  Service  in  D,  several  anthems, 
songs,  etc. 

Tirbutt,  John  Charles  Brettel,  organ- 
ist and  conductor,  born  at  Bromsgrove, 
Worcestershire,  March  30,  1857.  Studied 
under  private  teachers.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Durham,  1891.  Has  been  organist  of  All 
Saints',  Reading,  from  1879  ;  organist  to  the 
Reading  Philharmonic,  1884  ;  Conductor  of 
Berkshire  Amateur  Musical  Society,  and 
lecturer  in  music  University  Extension  College, 
Reading,  1892.  His  compositions  are  Psabn 
1.30,  for  soli,  chorus  and  strings ; ' '  The  Phantom 
Ship,"  for  chorus  and  orchestra,  produced, 
Reading,  :\Iay  8,  1890  ;  "  The  Vale  of  Pearls," 
cantata  for  female  voices ;  anthems,  songs, 
part-songs,  etc. 

Tofts,  Catherine,  English  soprano  vocal- 
ist, of  the  18th  century.  She  was  the  first 
English  vocalist  who  attempted  Italian  opera, 
and  appeared  in  "  Arsinoe,"  "Camilla," 
"  Rosamond,"  and  "  Love's  Triumph."  She 
is  said  to  have  been  very  avaricious,  and  was 
continually  mixed  up  in  the  broils  and  rivalry 
which  early  beset  the  Italian  opera  in  Eng- 
land. Latterly  she  married  Mr.  Joseph  Smith, 
British  Consul  at  Venice.  She  was  living  in 
Venice  in  1735,  and  is  supposed  to  have  become 
insane,  but  is  said  to  have  died  in  1760. 

Tolhurst,  George,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, was  born  in  1827.  He  was  a  teacher  in 
London,  and  for  some  time  acted  as  organist 
of  Melbourne  Cathedral.  He  died  at  Barn- 
.staple,  January  18,  1877. 

Works. — Ruth,  oratorio,  Melbourne,  18G7. 
Christmas,  song  and  chorus,  1846.  Songs  : 
England  the  land  of  the  free  ;  Fear  thou  not, 
for  I  am  with  thee  ;  Little  brown  jug  ;  Pray 
without  ceasing;  There's  sunshine  in  the  sky; 
Whei^  there's  a  will.  His  father,  William 
Henry  Tolhi:rst,  who  was  born  on  October 
23,  1798,  coud\icted  the  first  performance  of 
"  Ruth  "  in  Melbourne.  He  died  there  in 
1873.  Henry  Tolhurst,  brother  of  W.  H. 
and  uncle  of  George,  was  born  on  April  19, 
1778.  Died  after  1820.  Composer  of  "  Six 
Anthems  and  six  Psalms,  for  use  of  countrj- 
choirs  "  ;  Chart  Sutton  [1810]  ;  Glee,  "  As  I 
saw  fair  Clora,"  etc. 

Henry  Tolhurst,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  London,  September  24,  1854,  son  of 
Henry  Tolhurst,  brother  of  George  [born 
September  6,  1825 ;  died  at  Maidstone,  May 
28,  1864]  is  conductor  of  the  Lee  (Kent) 
Philharmonic  Society.  Author  of  Cramer's 
Rudimentary  Tutor  for  the  violin  [1891]  ; 
Gavottes,  Berceuse,  Andante,  Allegretto,  etc. 
for  violin  ;  also  songs,  etc. 


TOMS. 

Toilet,  Thomas,  author  of  "  Directions 

to  play  the  French  Flageolet" ;  and  composer, 
with  John  Lenton,  of  "  A  Consort  of  Musick 
in  three  parts,"  1G94 ;  also  of  "Toilet's 
Ground"  [1720]. 

Tomkins,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Gloucester  in  1586.  He 
became  a  chorister  in  Gloucester  Cathedral. 
Educated  at  ilagdalen  College,  Oxford.  Mus. 
Bac,  Oxon.,  1607.  He  studied  under  Byrd, 
and  became  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal 
in  1621,  and  organist  in  1621.  Organist  of 
Worcester  Cathedral.  He  died  at  Worcester, 
in  June,  1656.  He  composed  "  Songs  of  3,  4, 
5  and  6  parts,"  1622  ;  "  Musica  Deo  Sacra  et 
Ecclesiai  Anglicanse,  or  Musick  dedicated  to 
the  Honor  and  Service  of  God..,"  London, 
1664  (issued  in  10  parts). 

His  father,  the  Rev.  Thomas,  who  was  a 
minor  canon  in  Gloucester  Cathedral,  com- 
posed "  The  Faunes  and  Satirs  tripping," 
madrigal    in    the     "  Triumphs    of    Oriana." 

His  brother  John  (died,  London,  Septem- 
ber 27,  J 638),  was  organist  of  King's  College, 
Cambridge,  1606,  and  afterwards  of  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  London. 

Another  brother,  Giles,  was  organist  suc- 
cessively of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  and 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  till  his  death  in  1668. 

Tomlins,  William  Lawrence,  conduc- 
tor and  teacher  of  singing,  born  in  London, 
February  4,  1844.  Studied  under  G.  A.  Mac- 
farren  and  E.  Silas.  Settled  in  America, 
1869.  Conductor  of  Apollo  Glee  Club,  Chicago, 
from  1875  ;  Choral  Director,  Chicago  Exhibi- 
tion, 1893.  Member  of  American  College  of 
Musicians.  Author  of  a  work  on  Elementary 
vocal  tuition,  "  Children's  Songs,  and  how  to 
sing  them,"  Boston,  Ditson,  1885  (?)  A  paper 
on  "  Music  and  Education,"  delivered  at 
Indianapolis,  February,  1897,  etc. 

Tomlinson,  Henrietta,  see  Midgley, 
Samuel. 

Tomlinson,  Richard,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  at  Sheffield,  August  22,  1822. 
Self-taught  in  music.  Choirmaster  since 
about  1860  of  the  Primitive  Methodist  Chapel, 
Heeley,  near  Sheffield.  Composer  of  "  Orig- 
inal Tunes,  Anthems,  etc.,"  1879,  etc.,  and  of 
various  hymns,  etc. 

Toms,  Charles  James,  pianist,  born  at 
Devonport,  July,  1824.  Son  of  James  Toms, 
professor  of  music  at  Plymouth.  Entered 
R.A.M.  about  1839,  studying  harp  and  pf. 
under  J.  B.  Chatterton,  F.  B.  Jewson,  and 
Cipriani  Potter.  King's  Scholar,  1841. 
Settled  in  Liverpool,  1844,  on  leaving  the 
Academy,  when  he  was  made  an  Associate, 
and  later,  elected  a  Fellow.  Was  pianist  to 
the  Liverpool  Philharmonic  Society,  and  a 
successful  teacher.     Died  about  1880. 

John  R.  Toms,  organist  of  St.  John's, 
Wellington,  Somerset,  has  been  many  years 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


415 


TONKING. 

engaged  in  that  town  as  teacher  and  concert 
giver.  His  son,  Edward  John  Kelwat  Toms, 
born  January  25,  1863,  studied  at  R.A.^M.  He 
■was  a  skilful  organist ;  gave  recitals  at  the 
Fisheries  Exhibition,  Kensington,  1883;  con- 
certs at  Wellington,  etc.  A  promising  career 
was  cut  short  by  his  death,  of  typhoid  fever, 
August  24,  1890,  at  the  age  of  27. 

Tonking,  Henry  Charles,  violinist, 
organist,  and  composer,  born  at  Camborne, 
Cornwall,  January  17,  1863.  He  was  taught 
the  violin  by  his  father,  a  very  clever  amateur, 
and  when  quite  a  child  appeared  at  concerts 
in  different  parts  of  Cornwall.  He  then 
studied  under  J.  H.  I^nn,  of  Penzance,  and 
in  1876  was  appointed  organist  of  lUogan 
Parish  Church,  Cornwall.  In  1881  he  entered 
the  R.A.M.,  studying  under  Sainton,  Steggall, 
Prout,  G.  A.  Macfarren,  and  others.  He  was 
organist  of  Westminster  Chapel,  1883 ;  the 
Royal  Aquarium,  1886;  Covent  Garden  Opera, 
1888 ;  and  at  different  churches,  the  last 
being  St.  Lawrence,  Jewry.  As  a  recitalist 
he  has  been  heard  at  the  different  exhibitions 
at  South  Kensington  ;  and  has  played  at  the 
Earl's  Court  Exhibitions,  1892-5;  Edinburgh, 
Glasgow,  and  St.  George's  Hall,  Liverpool; 
-  and  was  one  of  those  selected  to  compete  for 
the  Birmingham  Town  Hall  appointment  in 
1888.  He  has  been  violinist  in  the  orchestras 
of  the  Royal  Italian  Opera  ;  Leeds  and 
Norwich  Festivals ;  and,  with  Bernard 
Carrodus,  has  given  organ  and  violin  recitals 
in  various  parts  with  much  success.  He  is 
now  devoting  himself  to  composition,  and  has 
published  All  the  world  to  me  ;  Do  you  love 
me  ?  and  other  songs ;  organ  pieces,  etc. 

Topliff,  Robert,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  1793.  He  was  organist  of  Holy 
Trinity,  South wark,  London.  Died  at  Lon- 
don in  1868.  He  was  blind.  Editor  of 
"  Selection  of  the  most  popular  melodies  of 
the  Tyne  and  Wear,  harmonised,  with  appro- 
priate words,  symphonies,  etc.,"  London 
[1820] ;  "  Scripture  Melodies,  the  words  from 
Holy  Writ,"  London,  2  vols,  n.d. ;  Six  Sabbath 
Melodies,  1844  ;  Original  Sabbath  Melodies, 
issued  in  parts.  Songs :  Consider  the  lilies. 
Heaven  our  home.  How  blest  were  I  in  yonder 
cot.  Let  the  night  darken  in.  Look  from  thy 
lattice.  Spirit's  call,  etc. 

Torrance,  Rev.  George  William,  com- 
poser, born  at  Rathmines,  Dublin,  1835. 
Chorister,  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  and  later, 
organist  of  St.  Andrew's  and  St.  Anne's, 
Dubhn.  In  1856  visited  Leipzig  for  further 
study  in  music.  Graduated  B.A.,  1864 ;  M.A., 
1867,  Dublin.  Ordained  Deacon,  1865  ; 
Priest,  1866.  In  1869  he  emigrated  to 
Australia,  settling  in  Melbourne.  Ten  years 
later  the  degrees  of  Mus.  Bac.  and  Mus.  Doc. 
were  conferred  upon  him  by  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,    on    the     recommendation    of     Sir 


TORRINGTON. 

Robert  P.  Stewart,  professor  of  music  at  the 
University.  Member  of  the  Board  of  Exam- 
iners in  Music  under  the  Education  Depart- 
ment of  Victoria;  Mus.  Doc,  ad  ewidem, 
Melbourne  University  ;  Incumbent  of  Holy 
Trinity,  Balaclava  until  1895,  when  he  was 
preferred  to  St.  John's,  Melbourne.  Author 
of  several  papers  on  music. 

Works. — Oratorios:  Abraham,  produced 
in  Dubhn,  1855;  The  Captivity,  Dublin,  1864; 
The  Revelation,  Melbourne,  June,  1882.  Te 
Deum  and  Jubilate.  Anthems  and  services. 
Opera,  William  of  Normandy.  Part-songs. 
Songs  :  Angel  of  Light,  with  'cello  obligate ; 
The  Land  beyond  the  Sea,  etc. 

Torrington,    Frederick  Herbert,  con- 
ductor, organist,  violinist,  and  pianist,  born 
at  Dudley,  Worcestershire,  October  20,  1837. 
His  early  studies  were  under  local  teachers, 
and  he  was  afterwards  articled  to  Mr.  James 
Fitzgerald,  of   Kidderminster.     In   1853,  he 
was  appointed  organist  and  choirmaster  at 
St.    Anne's,    Bewdley ;    and  in   1856  he  left 
England   for    Montreal,    Canada,    where    he 
became  organist  of  Great  St.  James's  Church, 
an  office  he   held    for   twelve  years.     While 
there  he  was  solo  violinist,  leader  of  orches- 
tras, conductor,  and  for  a  time  bandmaster 
of  the  25th  Regiment,  King's  Own  Borderers, 
organ  recitalist,  etc.    He  was  invited  to  furnish 
an  orchestral  contingent  to  represent  Canada 
at  the  Peace  Jubilee,  Boston,  in   1872  ;  and 
was  offered  and  accepted  the  position  of  or- 
ganist and  music  director  at  King's  Chapel, 
Boston,  remaining  there  four  years,  teaching 
at  the  New  England  Conservatory  of  Music, 
and  being  one  of  the  first  violins  in  the  Har- 
vard Symphony,  Handel  and  Haydn,  and  other 
societies.    Gave  recitals  at  Plymouth  Church, 
Brooklyn  (Ward  Beecher's).    In  1873  he  ac- 
cepted the  post  of  organist  and  choir-master 
at  the  Metropolitan  Church,  Toronto,  Canada, 
and  conductor  of  the  Toronto  Philharmonic 
Society,   holding  both  appointments  to  the 
present  time.     By  his   energy  and  skill  the 
musical  resources  of  the  district  were  developed 
and    in    1886    the    first    Toronto     Festival 
was  held   under   his  direction.      Since  that 
time  he  has  introduced  many  important  com- 
positions.    He  founded  the  Toronto  College 
of  Music  in  1888,  of  which  he  has  been  musi- 
cal director  to  the  present  time,  doing  much 
for  the  cause  of  musical  education.     In  1891, 
he  made  a  tour  of  Europe,  visiting  the  great 
music  schools  and  studying  their  organiza- 
tions.    He  conducted  the  festival  at  the  in- 
auguration of  the  new  Massey  ]\Iusic  Hall, 
Toronto,  June,  1894  ;  the  Jubilee  performance 
of  "Elijah,"  Massey  Hall,  November  28,  1896, 
and   is   actively    engaged   in  promoting  the 
cause  of  music  in  Canada.    He  has  composed 
church   services,   hymn-tunes,  choruses  and 
i  songs  ;  organ  voluntaries,  etc. 


416 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


TOSH. 

Tosh,  James  Westwood,  teacher  and 
conductor,  born  at  Dundee,  January  IG,  1849, 
Has  been  chiefly  engaged  in  music  teaching 
in  connection  with  the  School  Boards  of 
Jarrow,  Sunderland,  and  London.  Author 
of  "  The  Musical  Inspection,  and  how  to  pre- 
pare for  it,"  London  (Curwen),  1888  ;  "  Sight- 
singing,  voice  and  ear  training  for  Schools," 
1889,  etc. 

Towers,  John,  organist  and  writer  on 
music,  born  at  Salford,  Lancashire,  February 
18,  1836.  Chorister  in  IManchester  Cathedral 
and  afterwards  studied  at  R.A.M.,  185G,  and 
with  Adolph  ^larx,  Berlin,  1857.  Organist  of 
Wilmslow  Parish  Church,  18G3  ;  St.  Stephen's 
Conell,  Manchester,  and  conductor  of  glee 
societies  at  Rochdale  and  neighbourhood  for 
some  years.  Went  to  America,  and  in  1890 
was  appointed  director  of  the  vocal  depart- 
ment in  the  School  of  ilusic,  Indianapolis ; 
and  in  1892,  to  Utica  Conservatorium.  Au- 
thor of  "  Beethoven,  a  Centenary  Memoir  ;" 
"  The  ]\Iortality  of  Musicians  ;"  a  lecture  ; 
"  Some  Lancashire-born  Musical  Worthies" 
(1888),  etc. 

Towerson,  Rev.  Gabriel,  D.D.,  clergy- 
man and  writer,  born  iu  1635.  Rector  of  St. 
Andrew  Undershaft.  He  died  iu  1697.  Author 
of  "  A  Sermon  concerning  Vocal  and  Instru- 
mental Musick  in  the  Church,"  London,  1696. 

Townsend,  Horace,  author  of  "  An 
Account  of  the  visit  of  Handel  to  Dublin." 
Dublin,  1852.  "The  moral  uses  of  music,  a 
lecture."     Dublin,  1862. 

Townsend,  John,  flute  player  and  author, 
born  in  Yorkshire  about  1795.  He  studied 
under  Miiller  and  Ware,  and  was  a  teaclier 
and  i^erformer  in  Manchester.  He  died  at 
Lytham  on  April  2,  1864.  Author  of  "  New 
and  complete  Flute  preceptor  "  London,  n.d. 

Townsend,  Mrs.,  author  of  a  "Floral 
music  book  for  young  learners."  London,  1862. 

Townsend,  Pauline  D.,  author  of 
"Haydn."  London,  1884.  Published  in  the 
Great  Musicians  Series,  and  translator  of  Otto 
Jahn's  "  ilozart,"  3  vols.  London,  Novello, 
1882. 

Townsend,  William,  pianist  and  teacher. 
was  born  at  Edinburgh,  November  26,  1849, 
He  studied  at  the  Royal  Academy  of  !Music, 
London  (1865-68),  under  Bennett,  Goss, 
Hohnes,  etc.,  and  afterwards  at  Leipzig 
(1871-72),  under  E.  F.  Richter  and  Reinecke. 
In  1870  he  became  an  Associate  of  the  R.  A.M., 
and  has  acted  as  an  examiner  for  the  Royal 
College  of  ISIusic  since  1883.  He  has  given 
many  recitals  of  high-class  music  in  Edin- 
burgh. 

Towsey,  Arthur,  conductor  and  organist, 
was  musically  educated  at  St.  Michael's  Col- 
lege, Tenbury.  He  went  to  New  Zealand, 
and  is  now  conductor  of  the  Auckland  Or- 
chestral Union.    He  has  given  some  excellent 


TRAVERS. 

concerts,  and  done  good  work.  At  the  Well- 
ington Industrial  Exhibition,  1896-7,  he  gave 
a  series  of  organ  recitals. 

Tozer,  Augustus  Edmonds,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Sutton,  Cheshire,' 
January  13,  1857.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  and 
was  City  of  London  Scholar,  National  Train- 
ing School,  Kensington.  F.R.C.O.,  1876; 
L.R.A.M.  (pf.  performer),  1882  ;  A.R.C.M. 
(theory  and  composition),  1887.  Mus.  Bac, 
Durham,  1893 ;  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1895,  and 
qualified  for  jMus.  Doc,  November  of  the 
same  year.  Appointed  organist  and  choir- 
master, St.  ilary  IMagdalene,  St.  Leonards- 
on-Sea,  and  choirmaster,  Holy  Trinity,  Hast- 
ings, 1876  ;  Hon.  organist,  St.  Mary,  Star-of- 
the-Sea,  Hastings,  1884 ;  St.  Gregory's  Priory 
Church,  Cheltenham,  1885 ;  Church  of  the 
Sacred  Heart,  West  Brighton,  1888.  In  1890 
he  received  from  Pope  Leo  XIII.,  the  order  of 
Chevalier  of  the  Pontifical  Order  of  St. 
Sylvester,  for  his  services  to  Roman  Catholic 
Church  Music.  He  has  composed  six  Masses ; 
Te  Deum ;  Motets ;  ^Magnificats ;  Antiphons, 
etc.  Editor  of  Catholic  hjinns,  with  accom- 
panying tunes;  Complete  Benediction  Manual; 
and  ]\lodern  Church  ilusic  for  Catholic  Choirs. 

Tozer,  Ferris,  organist,  tenor  vocalist, 
and  composer,  born  at  Exeter,  November  8, 
1857.  Chorister,  Exeter  Cathedral,  and  pupil 
of  Alfred  Angel  and  D.  J.  Wood.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  1891;  Mus.  Doc,  1896,  Oxford. 
At  eighteen  he  was  appointed  organist  of  St. 
David's,  Exeter ;  and  iu  1882,  of  St.  Michael's, 
Heavitree,  Exeter.  Well-known  in  the  Wes- 
tern and  Southern  Counties  as  a  tenor  vocalist. 
He  holds  a  position  in  the  Devon  and  Corn- 
wall Bank,  Exeter. 

Works. — Psalm  8,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
strings ;  oratorio,  Baalam  and  Barak,  pro- 
duced at  the  Western  Counties'  Musical 
Association  Festival,  Exeter,  April  22,  1897; 
cantata.  King  Neptune's  Daughter,  female 
voices.  Morning  and  evening  service  in  F ; 
Benedicite  ;  Kyries,  etc.  Postlude  in  D 
minor,  organ.  Songs,  of  which  Lead  Kindly 
Light  has  acquired  much  popularity.  Pieces 
for  pf.,  etc.  The  flight  of  Summer,  prize, 
Exeter  Madrigal  Society.  Edited  and  ar- 
ranged a  book  of  Sailors'  songs  or  chanties 
(collected  by  Capt.  F.  J.  Davis,  of  the  P.  &  0. 
Service),  London,  Boosey,  1887. 

Traubner,  Eliza,  see  Kixlock,  Eliza. 

Travers,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
born  about  1703.  Chorister  in  St.  George's 
Chapel,  Windsor.  He  studied  under  Greene 
and  Pepusch,  and  became  organist  of  St. 
Paul's,  Covent  Garden,  1725,  and  afterwards 
organist  at  Fulham.  Organist  of  Chapel  Roval 
May  10,  1737.  He  died  in  1758.  Published 
"  The  Whole  Book  of  Psahiis  for  one,  two, 
three,  four,  and  five  voices,  with  a  Thorough 
Bass  for  the  Harpsichord,"  London,  1746,  2 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


417 


TRAVIS. 

vols.  "  Eighteen  Canzonets  for  two  and  three 
Voices,  the  words  chiefly  by  Matthew  Prior," 
London  [1745].  "  Twelve  Canzonets  for  two 
and  three  Voices."  Anthems:  Ascribe  unto 
the  Lord ;  Ponder  my  words ;  Keep,  we  beseech 
Thee,  O  Lord.  XII.  Voluntaries  for  the  organ 
or  harpsichord  [1760].  Songs:  Bibs,  Bright 
author  of  my  present  flame ;  Haste  my 
Nanette  ;  When  vernal  airs,  etc. 

Travis,  Deborah,  see  Knvyett,  Deborah. 

Tree,  Anna  Maria,  mezzo-soprano  vocalist 
and  actress,  born  at  London  in  1802.  Sister 
of  Mrs.  Charles  Kean.  She  studied  under 
Lanza  and  Tom  Cooke,  making  her  first 
appearance  at  Bath,  as  Polly,  in  the  Beggar's 
Opera,  1818.  Afterwards  she  appeared  at 
Covent  Garden  as  Rosina,  in  the  Barber  of 
Seville,  1819,  and  from  that  time  till  her 
marriage  in  182.5  to  Mr.  James  Bradshaw,  a 
rich  tea  merchant  and  member  of  parliament, 
she  was  a  popular  singer  and  actress.  In  May, 
182.3,  she  sang  in  Payne  and  Bishop's  "Clari, 
the  Maid  of  Milan,"  being  the  first  to  sing 
"  Home,  sweet  home,"  and  her  other  parts 
were  chiefly  in  minor  English  opera.  She 
died  at  London,  February  17,  1862.  Her 
sister,  Ellen  Tree  (1805-1880),  was  the  cele- 
-brated  actress  who  was  married  to  Charles 
Kean.  She  also  had  a  voice  of  some  sweet- 
ness and  power. — This  cancels  the  notice 
under  Bradshaw   on   page   57. 

Tregarthen,  William  Coulson,  organ- 
ist, born  at  Penzance,  September  17,  1856. 
Articled  pupil  of  George  Riseley,  and  pupil  of 
Dr.  S.  S.  Wesley.  Mus.  Bac,  Trinity  College, 
Toronto,  1892.  Went  to  South  Africa,  where 
he  has  held  organ  appointments  at  the  Col- 
legiate Church  of  St.  Mary's,  Port  Elizabeth ; 
Queenstown,  and  other  places ;  and  is  now 
organist  of  St.  George's  Church,  Johannes- 
burg. He  has  given  organ  recitals  and  con- 
certs, and  done  good  work  in  the  cause  of 
musical  education  in  the  country  where  he 
has  made  his  home. 

Treherne,  Qeorgina,  see  Weldon  Geor- 

GINA. 

Tremain,  T.,  organist  and  composer  of 
latter  part  of  the  18th  century.  Composed 
"Thirteen  Canzonets  for  two  voices,  op,  5  " 
[1786]  ;  Brown  Jugg,  canzonet  for  two  voices 
[1780]  ;  Do  not  ask  me,  charming  Phyllis 
(3  voices)  1780 ;  Six  Sonatas  for  the  Harpsi- 
chord or  Pf.,  op.  4  ;  Six  Concertos  for  strings, 
oboes,  and  horns  [1790]. 

Trembath,  Henry  Qough,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Penzance,  Cornwall,  July 
29,  1844.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  Graduated 
Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1869;  hon.  fellow,  Col- 
lege of  Organists,  1875  ;  organist  at  Truro : 
and  from  1874  at  St.  John  Baptist,  Wood- 
lands, Isleworth.  Composer  of  a  Sonata  in 
D  minor.  Impromptu,  and  other  pf.  pieces ; 
Songs,  Oue  Day,  The  JVIiner  and  his  boy,  etc. ; 


TROMAN. 

also  an  anthem.  Let  not  your  hearts  be 
troubled. 

Trew,  Charles  A.,  pianist  and  composer 
of  present  time.  Sometime  organist  of  St. 
Paul's,  Rusthall,  Tunbridge  Wells.  Resi- 
dent in  London,  where  for  some  time  he  has 
given  annual  concerts.  His  compositions 
embrace  a  trio  for  pf.  and  strings.  Musical 
Artists'  Society,  1884  ;  Sonata  in  D  minor; 
Romance  ;  and  other  pieces  for  violin  and 
pf.  Author  of  Harmony  Lessons,  adapted 
for  classes,  London,  Schott,  1888.  His  wife, 
Susan  Trew,  is  also  a  pianist  and  composer, 
and  among  her  works  a  sonata  for  violin  and 
pf.  was  produced  by  the  Musical  Artists' 
Society,  June  26,  1893. 

Trickett,  Arthur,  organist,  pianist,  and 
composer,  born  at  Coventry.  P.R.C.O.  Held 
organ  appointments  at  Coventry  ;  Holy 
Trinity,  Birmingham;  and  Hackney  Parish 
Church.  Conductor  of  Coventry  Musical 
Society  to  1833 ;  societies  in  Birmingham 
and  London.  Appeared  as  pianist  at  con- 
certs in  Birmingham,  etc.  Composer  of 
musical  sketches  for  pf,  and  orchestra;  Not- 
turno,  Capriccietto,  and  other  pieces  for  pf., 
Songs,  etc. 

Trimnell,  — .,  the  oldest  lay  clerk  of 
Bristol  Cathedral.  Died  at  Clifton,  January 
23,  1865,  having  retired  on  a  pension  several 
years  previously.  He  was  a  sound  and  en- 
thusiastic musician,  and  much  respected. 

Thomas  Tallis  Trimnell,  his  son,  was 
born  at  Bristol,  and  at  the  age  of  eight  became 
a  chorister  in  the  cathedral,  afterwards  being 
articled  to  J.  D.  Corfe,  cathedral  organist. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1875.  He  held 
organ  appointments  at  Clifton,  Chesterfield, 
Sheffield  Parish  Church,  1875-86.  Director 
of  Derby  Choral  Union,  1882.  In  1886  he 
went  to  New  Zealand,  and  was  organist  at  St. 
Mary's,  Parnell,  Auckland ;  and  later  of  St. 
Peter's,  Wellington.  He  was  well  known  as 
an  executant,  giving  recitals  at  the  Bow  and 
Bromley  Institute,  Albert  Hall,  Sheffield,  etc. 
In  New  Zealand  he  has  given  recitals  in 
different  places.  He  has  composed  church 
services  and  anthems,  "The  Earth  is  the 
Lord's  "  was  performed  at  the  opening  of  the 
Wellington  Exhibition,  November  18,  1896. 
His  brother,  William  Frederick,  was  also 
a  chorister  in  Bristol  Cathedral.  Organist 
and  Musical  Director,  Clifton  College,  to  1896, 
when  he  resigned. 

Trinks,  C,  organist  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Calcutta,  edited  "  Hindoostanee  Songs,"  Cal- 
cutta, n.d. 

Troman,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Old  Hill,  Cradley,  Worcester,  March 
21,  1839.  Studied  under  local  teachers,  and 
was  organist  of  Cradley  Parish  Church  in 
1848.  Then  appointed  to  Rowley  Regis,  1855; 
Halesowen,  1862 ;    Smethwick   Old   Church, 

B2 


418 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


TROTTER. 

1869;  St.  John's,  Ladywood,  Birmingham, 
1880;  llandsworth  Parish  Church,  1882. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1875.  Con- 
ducted the  first  Festival  of  Choirs  of  Hands- 
wortli  Rural  Deanery,  1885.  Invested  as 
Grand  Organist,  Grand  Lodge  of  Mark 
Masons,  188'J.  Went  to  Boulogne,  1889,  as 
organist  of  St.  John's  Church ;  and  in  1892 
was  appointed  to  St.  George  the  Martyr,  Deal. 
Conductorof  Deal  and  Walmer Choral  Society. 
His  compositions  include  Psalm  137,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  orchestra  ;  services,  anthems,  etc. 
Pieces  for  organ,  Melodic  for  pf.  organ,  viola, 
'cello,  and  bassoon;  Romance,  'cello,  and  pf., 
etc. 

Trotter  or  Trotere,  Henry,  composer, 
born  in  London,  December  21,  1855.  Com- 
poser of  a  number  of  songs:  Once  for  all; 
Toreador,  Hola !  Leonore ;  The  Deathless 
Army ;  Asthore ;  Ever  dear ;  Love  can  wait, 
etc. 

Trotter,  Thomas  Henry  Yorke,  organ- 
ist and  composer,  was  born  at  Great  Stainton, 
Durham,  November  6,  1854:.  Educated  at 
Durham  School,  and  at  Oxfoi-d.  Graduated 
B.A.,  1878;  M.A.,  1887;  Mus.  Bac,  1887; 
Mus.  Doc,  1892,  Oxford.  He  is  Director  of 
Studies  at  the  London  Organ  School,  and  is 
the  composer  of  a  number  of  works,  which 
mostly  remain  in  MS. 

Troup,  Emily  Josephine,  composer  of 
present  time.  Of  her  songs  may  be  named 
Spring  showers ;  On  a  faded  violet ;  Portu- 
guese love  song,  etc  She  has  also  written 
Song  by  the  river ;  Hark  !  the  lark  ;  Trios  for 
ladies'  voices ;  Two  sketches,  violin  and  pf., 
etc. 

Troutbeck,  Rev.  John,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Blencowe,  Cumberland, 
November  12,  1832.  He  was  educated  at 
Oxford,  and  graduated  B.  A.,  1856 ;  M.A.,  1858. 
From  18G5  to  1869  he  was  precentor  of  Man- 
chester Cathedral,  and  in  1869  he  became 
canon  of  Westminster.  He  has  published 
"The  Manchester  Psalter,"  1868;  Manchester 
Chant  Book,  1871 ;  "  The  Cathedral  Paragraph 
Psalter,"  Novello,  n.d.  ;  "Hymn  Book  for  use 
in  Westminster  Abbey"  ;  "  Music  Primer  for 
Schools,"  London,  1873  (with  Reginald  F. 
Dale),  other  editions  ;  "  Church  Choir  Train- 
ing," London  [1879].  English  words  for 
Beethoven's  "  Mount  of  Olives,"  Gade's 
"Crusaders,"  Wagner's  "  Flying  Dutchman," 
etc. 

Trowbridge,  Leslie,  soprano  vocalist, 
studied  at  R.A.M.  Gave  her  first  concert  in 
the  R.A.M.  concert  room.  May  16,  1883  ;  and 
has  given  concerts  at  the  Portland  Rooms, 
etc.  She  is  the  composer  of  a  Mass  in  D  ; 
My  rose  ;   Our  love  ;  and  other  songs. 

Troyte,  Arthur  Henry  Dyke,  bom 
AcLAND,  amateur  musician,  was  born  at  KiU- 
erton,  near   Exeter,  May  3,  1811.       He  was 


TUDWAY. 

second  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Dyke  Acland  of 
Killerton,  and  was  educated  at  Harrow  and 
Oxford.  He  studied  for  the  bar,  and  also 
was  much  engaged  in  scientific  pursuits.  In 
1852  he  changed  his  name  to  Troyte.  He  died 
at  Bridehead,  near  Dorchester,  Dorset,  June 
19, 1857.  He  composed  the  well-known  chants 
bearing  his  name  which  were  composed  at  the 
request  of  Bishop  Hamilton  of  Salisbury,  and 
first  appeared  in  the  ' '  Salisburj-  Hymn  Book," 
1857.  He  also  composed  a  nimiber  of  hymns, 
and  wrote  "  Liturgia  Domestica,"  a  book  of 
family  prayers  ;  "  The  Hours  "  ;  "  Daily  steps 
towards  heaven  "  ;  and  "  Letters  on  Musical 
Notation,"  London,  1841. 

Trust,  Helen  Mary,  born  Stark,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  at  Norwich.  Great-niece  of  the 
artist  James  Stark.  Educated  at  Norwich 
and  Paris.  Sang  for  some  time  as  an  amateur. 
Studied  chiefly  in  London  under  Signor 
Tramezzani,  of  Naples.  One  of  her  earliest 
professional  appearances  was  in  the  Town 
Hall,  Birmingham,  in  October,  1887.  In  the 
season  1891-2,  she  frequently  sang  at  the 
Monday  Popular  Concerts;  at  the  Leeds 
Festival,  1892 ;  and  at  the  production  of 
Barnett's"  Wishing  Bell,"  and  Gaul's  "Una," 
at  the  Norwich  Festival,  1893.  She  formed 
one  of  the  party  in  Madame  Patey's  farewell 
tour,  and  was  with  that  artist  w'hen  she  died. 
Mrs.  Trust  now  holds  a  high  position  among 
vocalists  of  the  time. 

Trydelf,  Rev.  John,  author  of  "  Two 
Essavs  on  the  theorv  and  practice  of  INIusic," 
Dublin,  1766. 

Tubbs,  Mrs.  F.  Cecilia,  translator  of 
Dr.  Joseph  Schliiter's  '•  General  History  of 
j\Iusic,"  London,  1865. 

Tucker,  Isaac,  composer,  of  Westbury 
Leigh,  Wilts  ;  born  in  1761 ;  died  in  1825, 
Composer  of  "  Sacred  Music,  consisting  of 
melodies  composed  for  three  and  four  voices," 
London  [1800] ;  "  Sacred  Music,  consisting 
of  Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes,"  London  [1810]. 

Tucker,  Rev.  William,  composer  of  the 
17th  century.  He  was  a  gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,. and  a  minor  canon  and  pre- 
centor of  Westminster  Abbey,  1660.  He  died 
at  London,  February  28, 1678,  and  was  buried 
in  Westminster  Abbey.  Composer  of  anthems 
and  other  Church  music. 

Tudway,  Thomas,  composer  and  or- 
ganist of  the  17th  century,  was  born  about 
1650.  He  was  a  chorister  in  the  Chapel 
Royal  under  Dr.  Blow,  from  1660.  Lay- 
vicar  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  1664. 
Organist  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  1670. 
Instructor  of  choristers.  King's  College,  1679- 
80.  Organist  of  Pembroke  College.  Mus. 
Bac,  Cantab.,  1681.  Professor  of  music 
in  Cambridge  University,  1704.  Mus.  Doc, 
Cantab,  1705.  Suspended  from  his  Univer- 
sity offices,  1706-7.     Resigned  his  organ  at 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


419 


TULLY. 

King's  College  in  1726,  and  retired  to  London, 
where  he  employed  himself  in  forming  a 
collection  of  music  for  Edward  (Lord  Harley) 
Earl  of  Oxford.     He  died  in  1730. 

Works. — A  Collection  of  the  most  cele- 
brated Services  and  Anthems  used  iu  the 
Church  of  England,  from  the  Eeformation 
to  the  Restoration  of  K.  Charles  II.,  com- 
posed by  the  best  masters  and  collected  by 
Thomas  Tudway..,"  6  vols  [1715-1720],  now 
preserved  in  MS.  in  the  British  Museum, 
London.  Of  this  collection  a  list  will  be 
found  in  the  British  Museum  Catalogue  of 
MS.  INIusic.  From  it  a  nuuber  of  services 
and  anthems  have  been  printed  at  various 
times.  Tudway  composed  various  anthems, 
motets,  services,  and  songs. 

Tully,  James  Howard,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  in  1814.  He  was  conductor 
of  the  opera  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre  and 
elsewhere.  He  died  at  London,  January  28, 
1868. 

Works. — Operas :  The  Desert,  1847 ;  Forest 
maiden,  1847 ;  Island  Jewels,  1850 ;  King 
Charming,  1851 ;  Loan  of  a  Lover,  1834 ;  Rape 
of  the  Lock,  1837  ;  William  and  Susan,  1859. 
Songs :  Happy  muleteer,  I'm  a  light  bright 
"water  sprite,  Kattv  Moyle,  Lovely  May, 
Noreen,  Summer  hours,  etc.  Dance  music 
for  pf.,  etc. 

Tunsted,  Simon,  English  Franciscan 
monk  and  Doctor  of  Theology,  born  at 
Norwich  early  in  the  14th  century.  He  died 
at  Bruzard,  Suffolk,  1369.  Author  of  "  De 
Musica  Continua  et  Discreta  cum  Diagram- 
matibus,"  and  "  De  Quatuor  Principalibus  in 
quibus  totius  Musicse  Radices  Consistunt," 
two  works  preserved  in  MS.  in  the  Bodleian 
Library,  Oxford. 

Turges,  Edmund,  musician  and  com- 
poser of  the  15th  century.  One  of  the  con- 
tributors to  the  Payrfax  MSS.  iu  the  British 
museum.  An  anthem :  "  Enforce  yourself 
as  God's  own  knight,"  was  published  by 
Novello  in  1894. 

Turle,  James,  organist,  composer,  and 
writer,  born  at  Somerton,  Somerset,  INIarch  5, 
1802.  Chorister  in  Wells  Cathedral,  1810-13. 
Organist  of  Christ  Church,  Southwark,  1819- 
1829,  and  of  St.  James',  Bermondsey,  1829-31. 
Assistant  organist  to  Greatorcxat  Westminster 
Abbey  till  1831,  and  succeeded  him  as  organist 
and  master  of  the  choristers,  1831.  Music- 
master  at  the  School  for  the  Indigent  Blind, 
1829-56.     He  died  at  London,  June  28,  1882. 

Works. — ^Art  of  Singing  at  Sight  (with  E. 
Taylor),  London,  1846.  Psalms  and  Hymns, 
1855.  Psalms  and  Hymns  for  public  worship, 
with  appropriate  tunes,  London,  1863,  1864, 
1869.  Hymns  for  public  worship,  revised, 
1868.  Psalter  and  Canticles,  with  Chants, 
London,  1865.  Child's  own  Tune  Book,  1865. 
The  People's  Music  Book  (with  E.  Taylor), 


TURNER. 

London,  n.d.  Edited  Wilbye's  First  Set  of 
Madrigals,  for  the  Musical  Antiquarian 
Society,  1841.  Single  and  Double  Chants, 
composed  for  the  use  of  the  Choral  Service  of 
Westminster  Abbey.  The  Westminster  Abbey 
Chant  Book,  with  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge,  n.d. 
Church  Services  in  D,  E  flat,  etc.  Anthems  : 
Almighty  and  most  merciful  God  ;  Hear  my 
crying,  0  God ;  The  Lord  that  made  heaven 
and  earth ;  This  is  the  day  which  the  Lord 
hath  made ;  Arise  and  help,  etc.  Hymn 
tunes  and  chants. 

His  cousin,  William  Turle,  born  at 
Taunton  in  1795,  was  organist  of  St.  Mary's, 
Taunton,  and  composed  glees,  a  number  of 
dances  for  pf.,  and  issued  arrangements  from 
Beethoven.  Robert  Turle,  brother  of  James, 
born  at  Taunton,  March  19, 1804,  was  organist 
of  Armagh  Cathedral  from  1823  to  1872.  He 
died  at  Salisbury,  ]\Iarch  26,  1877.  Henry 
Frederick  Turle,  son  of  James,  was  born  in 
Lambeth,  London,  July  23,  1835  ;  died, 
London,  June  28,  1883.  He  was  a  journalist 
and  writer. 

Turnbull,  John,  composer  and  writer, 
born  at  Paisley,  January  12,  1804.  He  was 
precentor  of  New  Church,  Ayr,  1827,  and 
afterwards  precentor  of  St.  George's  Church, 
Glasgow,  1833.  He  died  at  Glasgow,  Novem- 
ber 1,  1844.  Published  "  A  selection  of  or- 
iginal Sacred  Music,  in  vocal  parts . .  adapted 
to  the  various  metres  used  in  Presbyterian 
churches  and  chapels.  .Glasgow,  1833  (form- 
ing vol.  6  of  Steven's  Sacred  Music).  "The 
Sacred  Harp,  a  selection  of  the  most  approved 
sacred  melodies,  ancient  and  modern.... by 
Robert  Burns.  Edited  with  a  complete  course 
of  initiatory  lessons  and  practical  examples 
in  the  art  of  Singing,  by  John  Turnbull," 
Glasgow  [1840] ,  2  editions.  The  Garland  of 
Scotia,  a  musical  wreath  of  Scottish  Songs, 
with  descriptive  and  historical  notes,  Glasgow, 
1841  (with  Patrick  Buchan).  Easy  and  pro- 
gressive exercises  in  Singing  and  in  reading 
music,  Glasgow,  n.d.  Six  Glees,  for  three 
and  four  voices,  Glasgow,  n.d.  He  issued  an 
edition  of  R.  A.  Smith's  Devotional  Music, 
and  composed  a  number  of  anthems,  psalms, 
and  songs,  of  which  "  Jeannie  Lee"  and 
"  Thistle  and  the  Briar  "  are  the  best. 

Turnbull,  Thomas,  musician  of  early 
part  of  the  present  century.  Compiler  of 
"The  British  Musical  Miscellany,  being  a 
collection  of  Scotch,  English,  and  Irish  songs, 
set  to  music  with  proper  kej's  for  the  voice, 
violin,  German  flute,  and  military  fife," 
Edinburgh,  1805. 

Turner,  Austin  T.,  organist,  composer, 
and  conductor,  born  at  Bristol,  1823.  Was  a 
chorister  there,  and  for  some  time  a  vicar 
choral  at  Lincoln  Cathedral.  In  1854  he  went 
to  Australia,  and  settled  at  Ballarat,  which 
has  since  been  his  home.      As  singing  master 


420 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


TURNER. 

to  the  Government  School,  and  conductor  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society,  he  did  much  to 
promote  the  study  of  music.  He  conducted 
the  Harmonic  Society,  formed  in  1864,  and 
apparently  the  successor  to  the  Philharmonic, 
which  in  some  seasons  gave  as  many  as  six 
concerts.  At  the  last  concert  we  find  any 
record  of.  Good  Friday,  1875,  he  conducted  a 
performance  of  his  cantata,  "  Adoration,"  pro- 
duced at  Melbourne,  in  November,  1874. 
His  compositions  include  two  Masses  (per- 
formed in  ^lelbourne) ;  two  Marches  for 
orchestra  (Ballarat,  1868)  ;  choral  pieces,  etc. 
He  has  held  the  office  of  organist  at  Christ 
Church,  Ballarat,  for  many  years. 

Turner,  Rev.  J.  Egbert,  O.S.B.,  organ- 
ist and  composer,  born  at  Preston,  Lancashire, 
185-3.  Sometime  organist  and  choirmaster, 
St.  Ann's  R.C.  Church,  Edge  Hill,  Liverpool. 
Composer  of  Masses,  St.  John  the  Baptist,  St. 
Cecilia,  and  St.  Mary  Magdalene  ;  Ascendit, 
Deus,  for  bass  solo,  and  orchestra,  etc. 

Turner,  James  William,  tenor  vocalist, 
born  at  Sutton  Ashfield,  Nottingham,  June  5, 
.1845.  Sang  as  a  treble  at  local  concerts. 
Toured  in  China,  India,  etc.,  with  a  concert 
party,  1864,  and  made  his  debut  at  Foo  Choo, 
China  ;  and  his  first  stage  appearance  at  Mel- 
bourne the  same  year,  as  Elvino,  in  "  La 
Soiniambula."  Some  time  later  he  sang  in 
an  opera  company  at  San  Francisco.  Return- 
ing to  England  he  studied  with  Schira  at  the 
London  Academy  of  Music ;  appeared  in  opera 
at  the  Crystal  Palace,  1872  ;  with  the  Carl 
Rosa  Company,  London,  1873  ;  and  in  1875 
took  an  opera  company  to  South  Africa.  In 
1876  he  rejoined  the  Carl  Rosa  Company. 
Formed  a  company  of  his  own  in  1885,  opened 
at  Nottingham  in  February.  He  has  toured 
the  provinces  every  year  since  ;  given  seasons 
of  opera  at  the  Princess's,  Standard,  and  other 
London  Theatres ;  and  became  proprietor  of 
the  Grand  Theatre,  Birmingham,  1893.  His 
Fra  Diavolo,  and  Don  Caesar  de  Bazan,  are 
among  the  most  popular  of  his  assump- 
tions. He  has  revived  operas  of  Balfe  and 
Macfarren. 

Turner,  John,  author  of  "  Manual  of  In- 
struction in  Vocal  Music,  chiefly  with  a  view 
to  Psalmody.."  London,  1833,  2nd  edition 
1835,  Boston  edition  1836;  "Class  Singing 
Book  for  Schools,"  1844,  2  parts.  Te  Deum, 
songs,  and  other  vocal  music. 

Turner,  John  Bradbury,  pianist,  com- 
poser, and  teacher,  born  at  Stockport.  Was 
taught  the  violoncello  by  Lieut. -Col.  S.  W. 
Wilkinson,  an  amateur  of  repute,  and  played 
in  local  orchestras  as  a  lad.  Entered  R.A.M., 
1852,  as  a  resident  pupil,  and  studied  under 
Sterndale  Bennett,  G.  A.  Macfarren,  C. 
Steggall,  and  others,  remaining  there  till 
1861.  F.R.A.:M.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Cam- 
bridge, 1865.     He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 


TURPIN. 

Trinity  College,  London,  and  has  for  years 
been  Director  of  Studies  there.  In  his 
younger  days  he  composed  a  great  deal  of 
music,  but  his  onerous  duties  at  the  College 
have  precluded  his  engaging  of  late  in  that 
pursuit.  His  compositions  include  a  cantata, 
"Thy  Kingdom  come";  Ps.  13,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra.  .\n  Overture  and  a  Symphony 
for  orchestra ;  Trio  in  C  minor,  pf .  and  strings ; 
various  pieces  for  pf. ;  songs,  etc.  Technical 
studies  for  pf. 

Turner,  Robert  Henry,  organist,  born 
at  Scarborough,  in  1859.  Received  his  first 
training  from  his  father  (who  was  for  twenty- 
five  years  organist  of  Christ  Church,  Scar- 
borough), and  afterwards  studied  under  Dr. 
Creser,  and  while  a  student  at  Cambridge, 
with  Dr.  Garrett.  Graduated  M.A.,  1886; 
Mus.  Bac,  1891,  Cambridge.  His  first  ap- 
pointment, organist  and  choirmaster,  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral  Church,  Dundee,  he  still  re- 
tains. Conducted  for  some  years  the  Dundee 
and  Kingskettle  Choral  Societies.  Among  his 
compositions  is  an  Evening  Service,  composed 
for  the  eighth  Festival  of  Associated  Choirs, 
Dundee,  1883.  He  has  published  "Abide  with 
me,"  and  other  anthems,  hpnns,  etc. 

Turner,  William,  composer,  was  born  at 
Oxford  in  1651.  He  became  a  chorister  of 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  under  Lowe,  and 
afterwards  chorister  in  Chapel  Royal  under 
Cooke.  Chorister  in  Lincoln  Cathedral,  and 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1669.  Vicar- 
choral  of  St.  Paul's,  and  lay-vicar  West- 
minster Abbey.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1696. 
He  died  at  Westminster,  January  13, 1739-40. 

Work  s. — Operas :  Presumptions  Lover, 
1716 ;  Woman's  a  riddle,  1717 ;  Generous 
choice,  1720 ;  Virgin  Sacrifice,  1725.  Twenty 
new  songs  of  humour,  London  [1716] .  Two 
catches  for  three  voices.  Anthems  in  the 
collections  of  Boyce  and  Tudway.  Select 
Lessons.  ..extracted  from  the  works  of  Turner, 
etc.  [1740].  SoJigs :  Betty's  panegyrick. 
Fair  Susan,  On  decanting  a  flask  of  Florence, 
Wanton  Cupid,  When  Phoebus  did  the  skies 
adorn,  etc.  Edited  Ravenscroft's  Psalm 
Tunes,  1728. 

Turner,  William,  musician  and  author, 
published  "A  Philosophical  Essay  on  Musick, 
directed  to  a  friend,"  London  [1677];  3rd 
edition,  1740;  afterwards  issued  as  "Sound 
Anatomiz'd  in  a  philosophical  essay  on 
musick,  to  which  is  added  a  discourse  con- 
cerning the  abuse  of  musick,"  London,  1724. 

Turpin,  Edmund  Hart,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  writer,  born  at  Nottingham,  May 
4,  1835.  Son  of  James  Turpin,  a  lace  manu- 
facturer and  enthusiastic  musical  amateur. 
Studied  under  C.  Noble,  and  local  teachers, 
and  later  in  London  under  Hullah  and  Pauer. 
Was  appointed  organist  of  St.  Barnabas 
Church,  Nottingham,  1850 ;  and  in  1851  gave 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


421 


TURPIN. 

his  first  recital  at  the  Great  Exhibition,  Hyde 
Park.  He  settled  in  London  in  1857,  but 
retained  some  appointments  in  Nottingham. 
In  1869  he  became  organist  of  St.  George's, 
Bloomsbury ;  and  from  1888  has  held  a 
similar  appointment  at  St.  Bride's,  Fleet 
Street,  Since  1875  he  has  been  Hon.  Sec.  of 
the  College  of  Organists ;  was  presented  by 
the  Council  with  the  diploma  of  Fellowship, 
1869 ;  and  he  has  frequently  acted  as  Examiner 
for  the  College.  Licentiate,  Trinity  College, 
London,  1874  ;  and  Warden  from  1892.  He 
was  elected  an  Hon.  Member  of  the  Tonic 
Sol-fa  College,  1885 ;  and  of  the  R.A.M., 
1890.  In  1889  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  Mus.  Doc. 
He  edited  the  Musical  Standard  at  different 
periods;  was  joint  editor,  1891,  of  Musical 
News ;  and  has  contributed  many  articles  to 
periodical  literature,  besides  lectures  at  R.C.O., 
Musical  Association,  and  other  societies.  He 
is  widely  known  as  a  concert  organist,  and 
has  opened  organs  in  all  parts  of  the  kingdom ; 
he  is  also  a  pianist,  and  plays  nearly  every 
instrument  in  the  orchestra. 

Works. — Mass  in  A  flat,  voices  alone;  Mass 
in  D,  for  soli,  chorus,  brass,  drums,  and 
"organ  ;  Motet,  Jubilate  Deo,  for  the  same, 
except  drums ;  Stabat  Mater,  voices  alone. 
Oratorios,  St.  John  the  Baptist,  and  Hezekiah 
(MS.) ;  Cantatas,  A  Song  of  Faith,  and  Jeru- 
salem. Services  and  anthems.  Symphony 
for  orchestra.  The  Monastery ;  Overtures,  As 
you  like  it ;  Talisman  ;  Richard  II. ;  Concert 
overture  in  C.  Quartet  for  strings ;  for  pf. 
and  strings ;  pf.  Trio ;  pieces  for  pf.  Over- 
tura  Pastorale ;  Musette ;  Andante,  and  other 
organ  pieces.  Editor  of  Students'  Edition  of 
Classical  Compositions  for  pf. ;  Collection  of 
Hymn  Tunes,  1872. 

Turpin,  James,  organist,  brother  of  the 
foregoing,  born  at  Nottingham,  December  15, 
1840.  F.R.C.O. ;  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1880. 
Organist  of  Roman  Catholic  Cathedral,  Nott- 
ingham ;  Londonderry  Cathedral ;  Parish 
Church,  St.  Leonards ;  Parish  Church,  Berk- 
hampstead ;  St.  Andrew's,  Watford.  Music 
master  at  Berkhampstead  School ;  Professor 
of  harmony  and  counterpoint,  Trinity  College, 
London.  As  an  organ  player  he  was  well 
known,  and  he  gave  recitals  at  the  Royal 
Albert  Hall  (Inventions  Exhibition,  1885), 
and  in  many  provincial  towns.  He  was  also 
a  good  pianist.  He  gave  lectures  before  the 
College  of  Organists,  the  Musical  Association, 
«tc.  He  composed  a  church  service,  songs,  a 
sonata,  and  other  pieces  for  pf.  He  suffered 
from  paralysis  for  some  years,  and  died,  July 
29,  1896. 

Turton,  Rev.  Thomas,  Bishop  of  Ely, 
was  born  in  Yorkshire  in  1780.  He  was 
educated  at  Cambridge,  and  after  holding 
various  ecclesiastical  offices,  became,  in  1830, 


TYE. 

dean  of  Peterborough,  and  of  Westminster  in 
1842.  In  1845  he  was  consecrated  Bishop  of 
Ely.  He  died  January  7,  1864.  Bishop 
Turton  was  a  composer  of  some  ability,  and 
wrote  the  hymn  tunes,  "Ely,"  "St.  Ethel- 
reda,"  and  other  music  for  the  church. 

Tutt,  William  Henry,  organist,  con- 
ductor, and  composer  of  present  time.  Grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  1882  ;  L.R.A.M. 
(composer),  1883.  Organist  of  Okeover  Church, 
Staffordshire,  and  conductor  of  Ashborne 
(Derby)  Amateur  Orchestral  Society,  and 
Choral  Society.  Has  given  many  excellent 
concerts,  and  conducted  a  performance  of 
Handel's  "Messiah"  in  Bentley  Church, 
Staffordshire,  the  first  Festival  of  the  Fenny 
Bentley  Church  Choral  Society,  December  1, 
1893.  Has  composed  a  setting  of  Psalm  104, 
for  voices  and  orchestra  ;  Pieces  for  orchestra, 
etc. 

Tutton,  James  Rufus,  bandmaster  and 
composer,  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Society  of  British  Musicians,  1834.  Composed 
a  dramatic  overture  (1834),  and  has  published 
a  large  amount  of  dance  music  for  pf.  and 
band  ;  Overtures  arranged  for  pf . ;  ]\Iarch  of 
the  Men  of  Kent,  pf.  [1850] .     Songs,  etc. 

Twining,  Rev.  Thomas,  clergjnnan  and 
musician,  born  at  London,  in  1734.  Rector 
of  St.  Marv,  Colchester,  1770.  He  died  at 
Colchester,  August  6,  1804.  PubHshed  "Aris- 
totle's Treatise  on  Poetry,  translated  with 
Notes.. and  Two  Dissertations  on  poetical 
and  musical  imitation,"  Oxford,  1789;  Lon- 
don, 1812,  2  vols.,  2ud  edition.  In  1882,  was 
published  a  selection  from  his  correspondence, 
entitled  "Recreations  and  studies  of  a 
Country  Clergyman  of  the  Eighteenth  Cen- 
tury," London,  Murray. 

Tye,  Christopher,  organist,  composer, 
and  verse-writer,  born  at  Westminster,  early 
in  the  16th  century.  He  was  a  chorister  and 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  1545.  Mus. 
Bac,  Cantab.,  1536.  Organist  of  Elv  Cathe- 
dral, 1541-1561.  Mus.  Doc,  Cantab.,  1545, 
and  Oxon.  [ad  eundem),  1548.  He  was  a 
clergyman,  and  was  successively  minister  of 
Little  Wilbraham,  1564;  Newton,  1567-70; 
and  Doddington-cum-March,  1570-72,  all  in 
Cambridgeshire.     He  died  in  IMarch,  1572. 

Works. — The  Actes  of  the  Apostles,  trans- 
lated into  Englyshe  meter,  and  dedicated  to 
the  Kynge's  moste  excellaunte  Maiestye.. 
with  notes  to  eche  chapter,  to  synge  and  also 
to  play  upon  the  lute ....  London,  1558 ;  A 
notable  historye  of  Nastagio  and  Traversari, 
no  less  piticfull  than  plesaunt,  out  of  Italian, 
London,  1569  ;  Service  in  G  minor.  Anthems  : 
1  will  exalt  Thee  ;  Sing  unto  the  Lord ;  This 
is  the  day  which  the  Lord  hath  made ;  Arise, 
and  help  us.  Masses,  anthems,  and  other 
works  in  IMS.  A  number  of  psalm  tunes  have 
been  adapted  from  Tye's  compositions. 


422 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


TYLEE. 

Tylee,  Henry  Dixon,  musician,  published 
"  Eiglit  Indian  Airs,  .adapted  for  the  pf.  or 
harpsichord,"  London  [1805]. 

Tyndall,  John,  scientific  author,  bom  at 
Leighlin  Bridge,  near  Carlow,  in  1820;  died, 
Decemi)er  4,  1893.  Author  of  "Sound:  a 
course  of  eight  lectures  delivered  at  the  Royal 
Institution  of  Great  Britain."  London,  1867, 
various  later  editions. 

Tyson,  A.  Q.,  author  of  "An  Essay  on 
the  poetic  and  musical  customs  of  the  Aucieuts, 
etc.,"  1852. 

Tyler,  Sarah,  see  Keddie,  Henrietta. 

Tyler,  William,  of  Woodhouselee,  anti- 
quary and  author,  was  born  at  Edinburgh, 
October  12,  1711.  He  was  educated  for  the 
law  and  became  a  writer  to  the  Signet  in 
Edinburgh.  He  died  at  Woodhouselee,  near 
Edinburgh,  September  12,  1792.  Author  of 
"  A  Dissertation  on  the  Scottish  music,"  which 
was  printed  in  Arnot's  "  History  of  Edin- 
burgh," 1779,  and  also  in  Napier's  "Selection 
of  fa%-ourite  Scotch  songs,"  and  in  "  The 
Poetical  remains  of  James  I.  of  Scotland." 
He  also  published  in  the  "Transactions  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scotland."  "  An 
account  of  fashionable  amusements  and  enter- 
tainments of  Edinburgh  in  the  last  century, 
with  the  plan  of  a  grand  concert  of  music 
performed  there  on  St.  Cecilia's  Day,  1695." 
His  other  works  were  "  A  Historical  and 
Critical  Inquiry  into  the  evidence  produced 
against  [Mary  Queen  of  Scots,"  1750,  etc. 

Uglow,  John,  organist,  violinist,  and 
conductor,  born  at  Gloucester,  1814  ?  When 
six  years  old  was  admitted  a  chorister  at 
Gloucester  Cathedral,  by  JJr.  Mutlow,  then 
organist.  In  1824  he  sang  at  the  Assembly 
Rooms,  Cheltenham,  at  a  concert  given  by 
Mr.  Thomas  Woodward,  organist  of  the  parish 
church,  to  whom  he  was  afterwards  articled. 
Later  he  studied  under  Crotch  and  Neu- 
komm  ;  violin  with  N.  !Mori  ;  and  violoncello 
with  William  Lindley.  He  was  organist,  at 
different  times,  of  Trinity,  St.  James's,  and 
St.  John's  churches,  Cheltenham.  In  1842 
he  went  to  Ireland,  but  the  climate  com- 
pelled his  return  to  Cheltenham.  He  was 
the  founder  of  the  first  Choral  Societj'  in 
Cheltenham,  and  had  a  high  reputation  as 
an  organist,  violinist,  and  violoncellist.  In 
his  later  years  he  was  a  great  invalid.  In 
May,  1893,  a  grand  concert  was  given  for  his 
benefit,  a  number  of  eminent  artists  assisting, 
with  ^Ir.  J.  A.  Matthews  as  conductor 
Uglow  died  May  6,  1894,  and  was  buried  in 
Cheltenham  Cemetery. 

Upton,  Emily,  pianist,  born  in  London, 
September  5,  1864.  Showed  mu.sical  ability 
at  a  very  early  age,  and  was  placed  under 
some  of  the  best  masters.  She  afterwards 
went  to  Dresden,  as  a  pupil  of  J.  L.  Nicode. 


VALENTINE. 

Returning  to  England  in  1890,  she  made  her 
debut  as  a  pianist,  and  has  given  a  series  of 
recitals  and  concerts  at  Steinway  Hall  since 
that  time.  In  1892  she  succeeded  to  the 
principalship  of  the  Anglo-German  School 
of  Music  at  Norwood,  which  she  successfully 
directs  at  the  present  time. 

Urich,  John,  amateur  composer,  born,  of 
German  paremage,  at  Trinidad,  West  Indies, 
in  1850.  Studied  at  Stuttgart  and  Paris. 
Composer  of  several  operas :  Flora  Mac- 
donald,  produced  at  Bologna,  December? 
1882;  Le  Serment,  one  act  opera,  Brussels, 
1888;  Le  Pilotte,  Monte  Carlo,  1890;  can- 
tata, Nourmahal,  London,  1882;  song.  The 
Angel  and  the  Sunshine,  etc. 

Valentine,  John,  musician  of  18th  cen- 
tury. Resided  at  Leicester,  where  he  died 
in  1791.  Composer  of  "  Thirty  Psalm  tunes 
in  four  parts  with  symphonies,  interludes 
and  instrumental  bass,  being  set  part  to  the 
old  and  part  to  the  new  version,  op.  7," 
London  [1787].  Ode  on  the  birthday  of  the 
]\Iarquess  of  Granby  [1768]  Eight  easy 
Symphonies  for  two  violins,  2  hautboys,  2 
horns  a  tenor  and  bass,  op.  6  [1785]  ;  Sixteen 
marches  and  minuetts,  op.  8. 

Ann  Valentine,  probably  a  relative  of  the 
above,  composed  "Ten  Sonatas  for  harpsi- 
chord and  violin,"  op.  1  [1798];  waltzes, 
marches,  etc.,  for  pf. 

Valentine,  John,  composer  and  pianist,, 
author  of  "  Elements  of  Practical  Harmony, 
or  what  is  generally  called  thorough  base." 
London  [1834].  Songs :  All  round  my  hat. 
Medical  student.  Soldier's  last  dream.  Pf. 
music,  etc. 

Valentine,  Robert,  composer  and  vio- 
linist, who  flourished  during  the  first  part  of 
the  18th  century. 

Works. — Six  setts  of  aires  and  a  chacoon 
for  2  flutes  and  a  bass,  London  [1720].  Op. 
2,  Twelve  Sonatas  or  solos  for  a  flute  ;  Op.  3, 
Twelve  Sonatas  for  a  flute  [1701] ;  Op.  4,  Six 
sonatas  for  2  violins,  2  hoboj'S,  or  German 
flutes  [1720] ;  Op.  6,  Six  sonatas  for  2  violins 
and  a  bass ;  Op.  7,  Six  sonatas  of  2  parts  for 
2  violins  ;  Op.  13,  Sonatas  for  flute  and  harp- 
sichord [1706]. 

Valentine,  Thomas,  composer  and  writer, 
born  in  1790.  He  was  a  teacher,  and  at  one 
time  popular  as  a  composer.  He  resided  for 
many  years  at  King's  Heath,  near  Birming- 
ham, and  died  there,  February  11,  1878.  As 
a  tribute  to  his  memory,  a  road  at  King's 
Heath  has  been  named  Valentine  Road. 

Works. — Rondos  forpf. ;  Flowers  of  English 
melody  for  pf. ;  Scotch  and  Irish  Quadrilles 
[1845]  ;  Early  lessons  for  the  pf. ;  Numerous 
arrangements  for  pf. ;  songs,  etc.  Instructions 
for  the  pianoforte,  to  which  is  added  a 
selection  of  favourite  airs  . .  London  [1826] ; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


423 


VANCE. 

Dictionary  of  terms  used  in  music,  London, 
1833,  various  editions.  He  edited  choruses 
from  Handel,  etc. 

Vance,  Alfred  Glenville,  see  Stevens, 
Alfred  Peck. 

Vandernan,  Thomas,  musician,  of  18th 
centur}-,  was  a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel 
Eoyal,  and  died  October  2,  1778.  He  com- 
piled "  Divine  Harmony,  being  a  collection  of 
two  hundred  and  seven  double  and  single 
chants  in  score  . .  sung  at  His  Majesty's 
Chapels  Royal.."     1770. 

Vaughan,  Thomas,  tenor  vocahst,  was 
born  at  Norwich  in  1782.  Chorister  in  Nor- 
wich Cathedral  under  Beckwith.  Lay-clerk 
St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor,  1799.  Gentle- 
man of  the  Chapel  Royal,  180-3.  Vicar-choral 
St.  Paul's  London,  and  lay-vicar  Westminster 
Abbey.  Married  Miss  Tennant,  a  soprano 
singer.  He  sang  at  the  Concert  of  Ancient 
Music,  and  at  the  principal  London  and  pro- 
vincial concerts.  He  died  at  Birmingham, 
January  9,  1843. 

Vautor,  Thomas,  composer  of  late  16th 

and  early  17th  centuries      He  issued  "  The 

first    Set :    being   songs  of   divers  ayres  and 

natures,  of  five  and  six  parts  ;  apt  for  vyols 

'and  voyces,"  Loudon,  1619. 

Venables,  George  I.,  choir  trainer,  born 
at  St.  John's  Wood,  London,  May  16,  1845. 
Studied  music  through  the  classes  of  the 
Tonic  Sol-fa  College.  Was  deputy  conductor 
of  the  South  London  Choral  Association,  of 
which  he  was  also  hon.  sec.  from  its  founda- 
tion in  1869.  He  was  founder  of  the  South 
London  Institute  of  Music,  an  outcome  of 
the  society  previously  named,  which  began 
its  educational  work  in  1880,  and  of  which 
he  was  the  hon.  sec.  A  tenor  vocalist  of 
repute,  he  was  a  zealous  worker  for  popular 
musical  education  ;  but  in  the  midst  of  his 
varied  avocations  he  was  seized  with  conges- 
tion of  the  lungs,  and  died  on  December  23, 
1887. 

Venables,  Leonard  Charles,  brother  of 
the  preceding,  conductor  and  bass  vocalist, 
born  at  St.  John's  Wood,  London,  November 
5,  1847.  He  was  a  choir  boy  at  St.  Stephen's, 
Avenue  Road,  St.  John's  Wood,  and  studied 
under  various  masters.  Is  a  Graduate  and 
Professor  of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa  College.  Has 
conducted  the  South  London  Choral  Associa- 
tion since  its  formation  in  1809,  raising  it 
from  small  beginnings  to  an  inaportant  posi- 
tion among  metropolitan  organisations,  its 
concerts  being  of  high  excellence.  The  Upper 
Choir  sang  in  the  "Romeo  and  Juliet"  of 
Berlioz,  at  ihe  Philharmonic  Society's  Con- 
cert, March  10, 1881.  ^Ir.  Venables  conducted 
the  concert  by  certificated  adult  singers  at 
the  Tonic  Sol-fa  Festival,  Crystal  Palace, 
July  18,  1895.  He  has  been  principal  of  the 
South  London  Institute  of  Music  since  its 


VERTUE. 

commencement  in  1880.  Author  of  "  The 
Choral  Society,  practical  hints  and  experi- 
ences," London,  Curwen  ;  also,  of  several 
vocal  instruction  books  ;  and  has  composed 
part-songs,  etc.  The  work  of  the  two  brothers 
and  their  colleagues  is  told  in  the  History  of 
the  South  London  Choral  Association,  and 
Institute  of  Music,  by  Ebeu.  Lock,  London, 
1892. 

Verne,  see  sub.  Wurm,  Marie. 

Vernham,  John  Edward,  organist,  born 
at  Lewes,  Sussex,  April  17,  1856.  Studied 
under  Dr.  Steggall  and  George  Cooper.  Ap- 
pointed organist  of  All  Saints',  Lambeth, 
when  fifteen  ;  All  Saints',  Surrey  Square, 
London,  1872;  and  at  the  present  time  is 
organist  of  St.  Paul's  Knightsbridge.  Suc- 
ceeded the  late  W.  H.  Motik  as  Professor  of 
Music  at  King's  College,  London,  1889.  Au- 
thor of  fifty  three-part  studies,  Novello's 
Primers  (1896).  His  wife  is  the  composer  of 
"  Twilight,"  "  Sleep,"  and  other  songs. 

Vernon,  Joseph,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at 
Coventry  [1738].  He  studied  under  W. 
Savage,  and  appeared  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre, 
London,  1751,  and  from  1756  sang  at  Vaux- 
hall  and  other  London  concerts,  and  appeared 
on  the  stage  iu  various  musical  dramas.  He 
died  at  Lambeth,  London,  March  19,  1782. 
Composer  of  an  epilogue  to  the  Irish  Widow, 
1780  ;  music  for  "The  Witches,  a  pantomime, 
1771 ;  Strawberry  Hill,  a  song,  and  other 
vocal  works. 

Vernon,  M.,  author  of  "Analogy  of  the 
laws  L  f  musical  temperament  to  the  natural 
dissonance  of  creation,"  London,  1867. 

Verrinder,  Charles  Garland,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Blakeney,  Gloucester- 
shire. Studied  under  Sir  G.  J  Elvey. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Oxford,  1862 ;  Mus. 
Doc,  Cantuar,  1873;  F.R.C.O.  Organist 
successively  at  Holy  Trinity,  Windsor  ;  St. 
Giles'  in  the  Fields,  London  ;  Christ  Church, 
Lancaster  Gate ;  St.  Michael's,  Chester 
Square ;  and  St.  ^Mary's,  West  Kensington. 
Also  organist  of  the  Reformed  Synagogue, 
London.  Conductor  of  the  Hebrew  Choral 
Association,  and  of  St.  Mary's  and  Ealing 
Choral  Societies.  Composer  of  a  cantata, 
"  Israel  "  ;  Church  Service  in  E  ;  Seek  ye  the 
Lord  ;  The  Light  hath  sinned  upon  us ;  Hear 
my  cry,  O  God  (Jubilee)  ;  and  other  anthems, 
kyries,  etc.  Hebrew  music  and  psalms,  7 
vols.  Out  of  the  deep,  ancient  Hebrew 
melody,  "  Kol  Nidrai."  Songs  and  part-songs, 
organ  music,  etc.  Assisted  Lady  Elvey  in 
the  preparation  of  the  memoir  of  the  late 
Sir  George  J.  Elvey. 

Vertue,  Matthew,  organist  and  composer, 
born  about  1770.  He  was  an  organist  at 
Weymouth,  where  he  died,  October  8,  1849. 
Composer  of  a  Collection  of  Psalms  (R.  Rooke), 
1845 ;    Bards  have  sung ;    How  blest  is  the 


424 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


VESTRIS. 

friendship ;     If   thou  canst    live   on   humble 
fare  ;  duets,  songs,  and  other  vocal  music. 

Vestris,  Lucia  Elizabeth,  hom  Barto- 
Lozzi,  contralto  vocalist  and  actress,  born  in 
London,  of  Italian  parents,  in  1797.  She 
studied  under  Corri,  and  in  1S13  married 
Armand  Vestris,  a  ballet-master.  Appeared 
in  opera  in  1815.  Appeared  in  Paris,  1816, 
and  again  sang  in  Loudon  from  1820,  ap- 
pearing in  operas  and  numerous  theatrical 
pieces.  She  became  manager  successivelj'  of 
the  Olympic,  Covent  Garden,  and  Lyceum 
Theatres,  and  produced  a  large  succession  of 
dramatic  pieces,  in  many  of  which  she 
appeared.  IMarried  to  Charles  Mathews  the 
younger,  1838.  She  died  at  Fulham,  London, 
August  8,  IS.%.  Famous  for  her  beauty,  and 
her  charming  style  of  acting  and  singing. 
See  ^ladame  Vestris  :  Memoirs  of  her  public 
and  private  lifeaiidadventurcs,with  anecdotes 
of  celebrated  characters  of  the  fashionable 
world,  with  amorous  confessions  of  ^Madame 
Vestris,  from  a  series  of  letters  written  to 
Handsome  Jack.     London,  1839. 

Vicary,  Walter,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  in  1770.  He  was  organist  of  Mag- 
dalen College,  Oxford,  from  1797  to  1845 ;  in 
1805  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac. ,  Oxford;  and  he 
also  held  the  appointments  of  liay-chaplain 
of  New  College,  Oxford,  1812-44 ;  Singing  man 
of  St.  John's  College,  Oxford,  1816-28;  and 
organist  of  St.  Mary's  Church.  Oxford,  1830. 
He  died  at  Oxford,  January  5,  1845.  Com- 
poser of  Church  music,  songs,  etc. 

Vincent,  Charles  John,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Houghton-le-Spring,  Dur- 
ham, September  19,  1852.  His  father, 
Ch.\rlks  John  Vincent,  was  organist  of  St. 
Michael's  Church  in  that  place,  a  good  mu- 
sician, and  composer  of  organ  music,  now 
head  of  a  nnisic  business  at  Sunderland.  The 
son  entered  Durham  Cathedral  as  a  chorister 
in  1864,  studying  under  Dr.  Amies,  having 
received  his  first  lessons  from  his  parents. 
In  1869  he  was  appointed  organist  of  Monk- 
wearmouth  Parish  Church.  Studied  at  Leip- 
zig Conscrvatorinm,  1876-8  ;  graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  1878 ;  Mus.  Doc,  1885,  Oxford.  Organist 
of  Tavistock  Parish  Church,  and  Kelly  College, 
1878 ;  and  of  Christ  Church,  Hanipstead, 
London,  1883-91.  Hon.  Sec.  of  the  liondon 
Section  of  the  I.S.M.,  and  Divisional  (Oxford) 
Hon.  Sec.  Union  of  Graduates  in  Music 
Examiner  for  Trinity  College,  in  which 
capacity  he  has  been  to  South  Africa,  1893, 
and  Australia,  1897.  He  is  a  voluminous 
composer,  and  is  joint  editor  of  the  Organist 
and  Choirmaater. 

Works. — Oratorio,  Ruth,  produced,  Hanip- 
stead, December.  1886 ;  Cantatas,  Psalm  68, 
and  The  day  of  rest  (both  in  MS.);  The 
Crowning  of  the  wheat,  harvest  cantata ; 
Church  services  and  anthems.     Cantatas  for 


VINEN. 

treble  voices:  Village  Queen;  Little  mermaid; 
A  night  in  fairyland  ;  Spanish  gijisies  ;  Per- 
sian princess ;  The  two  queens.  Operetta, 
Count  Carlo.  Honour  and  Praise  to  Music, 
choral  fugue  in  8  parts.  Two-part  songs ; 
upwards  of  a  hundred  songs.  The  Storm 
overture,  orchestra,  produced,  Bradford,  Feb- 
ruary 24,  1894.  Other  orchestral  pieces  in 
MS.  Pieces  for  'cello  and  pf. ;  violin  and  pf . ; 
and  for  pf.  solo.  Organ  pieces,  various. 
Author  of  A  Year's  Study  at  the  Piano ;  First 
Principles  of  IMusic ;  Choral  Instructor  for 
treble  voices ;  On  scoi-ing  for  an  orchestra 
{British  Musician,  1897).  Editor  (with  Sir 
John  Stainer  and  Dr.  D.  J.  Wood)  of  Hymnal 
Companion  to  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer 
(1890  edition);  Chant  Book  Companion; 
Anglican  organist ;  Anglican  choir ;  Bach's 
48  Fugues  in  score;  and  Bach's  organ  Fugues, 
miniature  edition. 

Vincent,  (jeorge  Frederick,  organist 
and  composer,  brother  of  the  preceding,  born 
at  Houghton-le-Spring,  March  27,  1855. 
Received  private  instruction  in  music  to  1874; 
studied  at  Tjcipzig  Conscrvatorium,  1874-6. 
Organist  and  choirmaster,  Sunderland  Parish 
Church,  1872-4;  St.  Mary's,  Whitburn,  Dur- 
ham, 1877;  and  from  1882  to  present  time  of 
St.  Thomas's,  Sunderland.  Conductor  of 
Choral  Society,  Ladies'  Orchestral  Society, 
and  Amateur  Opera  Society,  Sunderland. 
Examiner  in  practical  music,  I.S.!M.,  from 
1889.  Has  given  organ  recitals  in  Sunderland, 
etc.,  and  orchestral  concerts  at  Newcastle 
Exhibition,  1887.  He  has  composed  several 
operettas :  Peter's  pledge,  1878 ;  Romany 
Lore,  St.  George's  Hall,  London,  1889 ; 
Jedediah  the  Scarecrow,  Nottingham,  1895. 
Cantata,  Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert,  for  baritone 
solo,  chorus,  and  orchestra,  1895.  Two  choral 
fanta.sias  on  national  airs.  Volume  of  20 
songs ;  Songs,  various.  Anthems.  Two 
Fantasias  and  Fugues  for  two  pianos  ;  pf. 
pieces,  various.  Offcrtoire  and  Fugue,  etc., 
for  organ.  Original  organ  compositions,  2 
vols.  0\ertnres,  galop,  valse,  for  orchestra. 
Pieces  for  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Vincent,  Rev.  William,  D.D.,  author 
of  "  Considerations  on  Parochial  Music," 
London,  1790. 

Vinen,  Ernest  Edward,  organist  and 
composer,  born  in  Ijondon,  October  12,  1865. 
Pupil  of  the  Guildhall  School  of  Music. 
F.R.C.O.,  1890.  Was  appointed  organist  and 
choirmaster,  St.  John's,  Horsleydown,  1881 
(when  sixteen  years  old) ;  St.  Augustine's, 
Bermondsey,  1886 ;  and,  in  1888,  to  his  present 
position  at  St.  Augustine's,  Honor  Oak  Park. 

Works.  —  Cantata,  The  Legend  of  the 
Faithful  Soul,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra 
(Honor  Oak,  1890) ;  "  Into  the  Silent  Land," 
chorus  and  orchestra  (1894) ;  Festival  Te 
Deum,  soli,   double   chorus,  and  orchestra ; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


425 


VINER. 

Evening  Service  in  C  ;  hymn-tunes,  chants, 
•etc.  ;  Songs.  Two  concert  overtures,  in  E 
minor,  and  A  minor ;  Romance  in  E  flat, 
orchestra,  etc. 

Viner,  William  Letton,  organist  and 
composer,  boi'n  at  Bath,  May  14,  1790.  He 
studied  under  Charles  Wesley,  and  in  1820 
became  organist  of  St.  Michael's,  Bath.  In 
1838  he  was  appointed  organist  of  St.  Mary's, 
Penzance,  and  remained  there  till  1859,  when 
he  went  to  the  United  States.  He  died  at 
Westfield,  Mass,  U.S.,  July  24,  1867.  Editor 
of  "  A  useful  selection  from  the  most  approved 
psalms,"  London  [1846].  "One  hundred 
psalm  and  hymn-tunes  in  score,"  London, 
1838.  "  The  Chanter's  companion  "  [1857] . 
He  composed  church  music,  organ  music  and 
songs,  and  wrote  the  well-known  hymn-tune, 
"  Helston  "  or  "  Kingston,"  sometimes 
described  as  an  ancient  Cornish  melody. 

Vinning,  Louisa,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
at  Kingsbridge,  Devon,  November  10,  1836. 
Her  father,  John  Vinning,  was  a  musician, 
and  at  twelve  years  of  age  was  organist  of 
Torquay  Chapel,  and  held  other  similar 
appointments  later,  being  also  a  composer. 
Louisa  Vinning  showed  an  extraordinary 
-passion  for  music  even  in  infancy.  She  sang 
at  the  Plymouth  Theatre  when  only  two-and- 
a-half  years  old,  and  a  year  later  was  taken 
by  the  Duke  of  Wellington  to  sing  to  the 
■Queen,  who  gave  her  a  diamond  ring.  As 
the  "Infant  Sappho,"  she  sang  in  various 
country  towns,  and  at  the  Adelaide  Gallery, 
London,  1840-2 ;  gave  concerts  up  to  1847. 
Then  studied  under  P.  Mori,  and  others. 
Sang  in  1856,  on  tour  with  Alfred  Mellon ;  in 
the  "Messiah,"  Sacred  Harmonic  Society, 
December  12  ;  at  the  Worcester  Festival,  and 
•Crystal  Palace,  1857;  Hereford,  1858;  and 
gave  annual  matinees  in  London  up  to  1860, 
on  July  5  of  that  year  introducing  the  pianist. 
Mile.  Remaiiry,  to  an  English  audience. 
Sang  at  the  Monday  Popular  Concerts,  Jan- 
uary 21,  1861.  On  her  marriage  with  Mr.  J. 
S.  C.  Heywood  soon  after  that  time,  she 
retired  from  the  concert  platform.  She  had 
many  offers  to  go  to  America,  and  elsewhere, 
but  declined  them  all. 

Vinning,  Rosetta,  see  O'Leary,  Mrs. 
Arthur. 

Vinning,  William  Skinner,  organist 
and  composer,  is  a  native  of  Devonshire. 
Pupil  of  Charles  Fowler,  Torquay,  in  which 
town  he  held  organ  appointments  at  the 
Parish  Church,  and  St.  Luke's.  Organist  of 
St.  Peter's,  Bayswater,  London,  since  1884. 
Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge,  18.^0.  Composer  of 
two  sacred  cantatas,  "  Song  of  the  Passion," 
and  "Song  of  the  Nativity";  a  setting  of 
Psalm  84,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  strings ; 
•church  services,  etc.  Also  an  operetta.  "Equal- 
ity Jack,"  produced  at  Ladbroke  Hall,  Feb- 


WADDELL. 

ruary  28,  1891.  Author  of  Papers  on  Choir 
Management,  and  other  subjects. 

Vitton,  Arthur,  see  Crowest,  F.  J. 

Vokes,  Henry,  musician,  compiler  of 
"  Psalms  and  hymns,  with  select  sentences  of 
scripture,  sung  at  the  Parish  Church  of  St. 
Botolph,  Aldersgate,"  London  [1820]. 

Von  Hoff,  Henry,  tenor  vocalist  and 
teacher,  was  educated  at  R.A.M.,  singing  at 
the  Academy  concerts  in  1842,  and  in  public, 
1846.  Studied  under  Mazzucato,  in  Milan, 
1851,  and  sang  there.  Returning  to  London, 
he  acquired  an  excellent  teaching  connection. 
He  wrote  many  songs :  Could  I  but  call  a 
heart  my  own  ;  Sing  me  a  song,  love,  etc., 
most  of  them  of  high  quality.  He  died  in 
London,  December,  1862.  His  wife,  born 
Elizabeth  Chamberlaine,  a  pianist,  was 
also  a  pupil  of  the  R.A.M.,  where  she  studied 
under  W.  S.  Bennett,  and  others,  and  was  a 
King's  scholar,  1843.  From  1857  she  was, 
for  a  number  of  years,  organist  of  the  Rectory 
Church,  Marylebone.  She  published  a  few 
pieces  for  pf.,  but  was  better  known  as  a 
teacher.     She  died  some  time  before  1890. 


Waddel,  William,  violinist  and  conduc- 
tor, born  at  Edinburgh  in  1842.  Studied 
under  Carmichael  and  Howard,  and  in  London 
under  Henry  Blagrove.  When  twenty  he 
went  to  Leipzig  and  studied  under  Ferdinand 
David.  Returning  to  Edinburgh  he  became 
organist  of  Dublin  Street  Baptist  Church,  an 
office  he  held  for  many  years.  From  the 
choir  of  this  church  sprang  the  organisation 
known  as  "Mr.  Waddel's  Choir,"  which  he 
conducted  for  twenty-five  years,  introducing 
all  Schumann's  choral  works,  and  manj'  other 
compositions  to  the  city  of  Edinburgh.  He 
foimded  a  Violin  School,  and  formed  a  Ladies' 
Orchestra  chiefly  of  his  pi;pils ;  established 
chamber  concerts,  and  gave  Free  IMusical 
Evenings  for  the  People.  Has  been  choir- 
master for  some  years  at  St.  C^ithbert's 
Established  Church.  He  married  the  davighter 
of  the  late  Sir  Daniel  IMcNee,  president  of  the 
Royal  Scottish  Academy,  and  is  himself  a 
painter  of  reputation,  for  many  years  an 
exhibitor  at  the  Royal  Scottish  Academy  and 
other  places. 

Waddell,  James,  bandmaster,  born  at 
Banff,  January  20,  1797.  He  was  appointed 
bandmaster  of  the  80th  regiment  in  1817,  but 
was  compelled  to  resign  on  account  of  ill 
health.  He  settled  in  Perthshire  as  a  teacher 
of  music,  but  in  1832  was  asked  to  re-organise 
the  band  of  the  1st  Life  Guards,  and  remained 
as  bandmaster  in  that  regiment  for  27  years, 
resigning  in  1863.  He  died  at  Kensington, 
London,  April  10,  1879.  Composer  of  "Fair 
Maid  of  Perth,"  overture ;  Polkas,  Galops, 
Quadrilles,  and  arrangements  for  band, 
between  1843  and  1860. 


426 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WADDINGTON. 

Waddington,  Sidney  P.,  composer  of 
present  jtiiiio.  Studied  at  R.C.M.,  and  was 
elected  Mendelssohn  Scholar  in  1891.  Resi- 
dent in  London,  and  conductor  of  an  amateur 
opera  societv  which  gave  its  first  performance, 
"  Dorothy,""  at  St.  George's  Hall,  May  27, 
1896.  To  him  was  allotted  the  task  of  com- 
pleting the  score  of  the  late  Goring  Thomas's 
opera,  "The  Golden  Weh."  His  compositions 
consist  of  a  Ballad,  "  John  Gilpin,"  for 
chorus  and  orchestra,  produced  at  R.C.M. 
concert,  November  14,  1894  ;  a  concerto  for 
pf.  and  orchestra ;  Trio,  pf.  and  strings, 
Queen's  Hall,  December  11, 1894 ;  Sonata,  pt. 
and  'cello,  etc. 

Wade,  James  Clifft,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  at  Coven,  Staffordshire,  on 
January  26,  1847.  He  studied  music  under 
Drs.  Winn  and  Bradford,  and  became  organist 
at  Coven,  1860-65.  Afterwards  he  studied  in 
Birmingham  during  1865-66,  and  then  held 
the  appointments  of  organist  at  the  Parish 
Church,  Iver,  near  Uxbridge,  1867-69;  private 
organist  to  W.  S.  Dugdale,  Esq.,  !Merevale, 
Warwicksliire ;  and  organist  of  St.  Mary's 
Cliurcli,  Maidenhead,  from  1880.  Conductor 
of  the  Maidenhead  Orchestral  Society,  and 
composer  of  church  music,  hymns,  action 
songs  for  children,  and  other  vocal  music. 

Wade,  Joseph  Augustine,  composer 
and  writer,  born  in  Dublin,  [1796].  He  mar- 
ried a  ]\Iiss  Kelly  of  Garnaviila.  For  a  time 
he  was  a  surgeon,  but  afterwards  he  went  to 
London,  and  worked  for  the  theatres  and 
publishers  He  died  at  London,  July  15, 
1845. 

Works. — Two  Houses  of  Granada,  opera, 
1826;  Pupil  of  Da  Vinci,  operetta;  Propliecy, 
oratorio,  1824.  Polish  .Sfelodies,  London, 
1831.  Songs  of  the  Flowers  [1827-28],  2  books. 
Many  duets,  "I've  wandered  in  dreams,"  etc. 
Songs :  The  Bridge  ;  Meet  me  by  moonlight 
alone ;  Love  was  once  a  little  boy  ;  A  Wood- 
land life;  and  others.  Fantasias  for  pf.  and 
a  large  number  of  arrangements.  Child's 
first  Quadrilles,  Waltzes,  etc.,  for  ]>i.  His 
son,  Joseph  Augustine  Waue,  has  composed 
a  very  large  number  of  pieces  for  pf.  and 
other  instruments,  songs,  etc. 

Wade,  Mrs.,  see  Gu'.y,  Annie. 

Wade,  Richard,  pianist  and  writer,  who 
fiourished  in  London  about  the  middle  of  the 
18th  century.  Author  of  "The  Harpsichord 
illustrated  and  improved,  wherein  is  shewn 
the  Italian  manner  of  Fingering  .."  London, 
n.d.,  anoii. 

Wade,  W.  J.,  musician,  author  of  "Com- 
plete Instructions  for  the  cornopean  and  sax- 
horn."    London  [I860] ,  1864,  etc. 

Wadham,  Walter  T.,  a  native  of 
Tasmania,  is  the  composer  of  a  number  of 
songs,  among  which  may  be  mentioned  :  Who 
will  be  my  love  ?  and  My  heart's  Queen. 


WAINWRIGHT. 

Wadmore,  John  Lofting,  baritone 
vocalist,  born  in  1849.  He  studied  at  the 
R.A.^L,  gaining  the  Parepa-Rosa  prize  in 
1875.  A.R.A.M.  He  sang  at  concerts  of  the 
Philharmonic  Society  in  London,  and  at 
important  concerts  in  the  provinces,  and 
achieved  a  high  reputation,  particularly  in 
oratorio.  He  died  at  London,  November  4, 
1878,  from  the  effects  of  a  cold,  aged  29. 

Wadsworth,  Joseph,  musician,  com- 
piled "  Selection  of  Psalm  and  Hymn  tunes, 
adapted  to  the  most  useful  measures,"  Hali- 
fax, 1852. 

Wagstaff,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser ;  born  1784 ;  died  in  London,  ^larch 
11,  1852.  He  was  organist  at  Battersea 
Church  for  about  30  years.  Compiled 
"  Sacred  Music,  a  hymn  and  chorus  for 
Easter  day  and  Kyrie  Eleison,  as  sung  at 
.St.  Mary's  Church,  Battersea,"  London 
[1827] .  Composer  of  pf.  rondos  and  other 
music. 

Wainwright,  Harriet,  afterwards  Mrs. 
Colonel  Stew.\bt,  composer,  wlio  was  pro- 
bably related  to  the  Wainwrights  noted 
below.  She  flourished  between  1780  and 
1840.  Composer  of  "  Collection  of  Songs, 
duetts,  trios,  and  choruses,"  Ijondou  [1810]  ; 
"  Comala,  a  dramatic  poem  from  Ossian," 
1803;  ^lerrily,  merrily  passes  the  day,  glee; 
songs,  etc.  Author  of  "Critical  remarks  on 
the  art  of  Singing,"  London,  1836. 

Wainwright,  John,  composer  and 
organist,  born  at  Stockport  about  1723.  He 
became  organist  of  Manchester  Cathedral  in 
1707.  He  died  in  January,  1768,  and  is  buried 
at  Stockport.  He  composed  anthems,  hymns, 
etc.,  and  issued  a  "  Collection  of  psalm  tunes, 
anthems,  hymns,  and  chants,  for  1,  2,  3  and 
4  voices,"  London  [1766 1,  in  which  is  con- 
tained the  well-known  hymn  or  carol  usually 
sung  to  Byrom's  words,  "Christians,  awake, 
salute  the  happy  morn." 

His  son  Robert,  born  in  1748,  succeeded 
him  as  organist  of  Manchester  Collegiate 
Church  in  1768.  In  1774  he  accumulated  the 
degrees  of  Bac.  and  Doc.  Mus.,  Oxford,  and 
in  1775  he  became  organist  of  St.  Peter's, 
Liverpool.  He  died  on  July  15, 1782,  aged  34. 
He  composed  an  oratorio  entitled  "The  Fall 
of  Egypt " ;  a  Te  Deum  (degree  exercise), 
1774  ;  "  The  Psalm  Tunes,  "  St.  Gregory," 
"Manchester,"  and  "Liverpool,"  etc. 

Another  son,  Richard,  was  born  in  1758. 
He  was  organist  of  the  Collegiate  Church,  and 
St.  Ann's,  Manchester,  and  succeeded  his 
brother  in  1782  as  organist  of  St.  Peter's, 
Liverpool.  He  also  held  the  appointment  of 
organist  of  St.  James',  Toxteth  Park,  Liver- 
pool, for  a  time,  but  returned  again  to  St. 
Peter's.  He  died  at  Liverpool,  August  20, 
1825.  He  composed  "  Life's  a  bumper,"  a 
well-known    glee    [1800]  ;     the  hymn   tune,. 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


427 


WAINWRIGHT. 

"  Wainwright,"  and  other  pieces  of  vocal 
music.  Also  editor  of  "  A  Collection  of 
Hymns  with  appropriate  symphonies,"  Liver- 
pool [1809].  The  Rev.  J.  J.  Waite  edited 
"  Hallelujah,  a  selection  of  tunes  from  Wain- 
wright." Both  brothers  were  celebrated  as 
organists. 

William  Waixwright,  another  brother 
(died  at  Manchester,  1797),  was  a  vocalist. 

Wainwright,  Rev.  Jonathan  Mayhew, 
composer,  born  at  Liverpool  in  1792,  and  died 
at  New  York,  Sej)tember  21,  1854.  Composer 
of  chants,  psalms,  and  other  church  music  in 
collections  such  as  "  Music  of  the  Church,  a 
collection  of  psalm,  hjonn,  and  chant  tunes," 
Boston  [1852]. 

Wait,  William  M.,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Chester,  December  4,  1854. 
His  parents  were  church  singers  in  that  city, 
and  his  uncle,  William  Wait  (died  November 
10,  1888),  was  for  33  years  tenor  lay-clerk  at 
the  cathedral.  As  a  chorister  at  Chester 
Cathedral  he  received  pianoforte  lessons  from 
the  late  John  Munns,  sub-organist  ;  he  after- 
wards studied  at  Liverpool,  and  later,  had 
organ  lessons  from  J.  F.  Bridge,  and  J.  Ken- 
drick  Pyne,  at  Manchester,  and  studied  har- 
mony and  counterpoint  with  K.  H.  Wilson. 
From  1870  he  held  various  organ  appoint- 
ments in  Slanchester  and  Loudon,  being  from 
1895  organist  and  choirmaster  (for  the  second 
time)  at  St.  ]\Iargaret  Pattens.  He  has  given 
organ  recitals  at  the  Bow  and  Bromley 
Institute,  the  Agricultural  Hall,  Earl's  Court 
Exhibition,  etc.,  etc.  His  compositions  con- 
sist of  the  cantatas,  "  St.  Andrew  "  (1888) ; 
"  The  Good  Samaritan  "  (1892) ;  "  God  with 
us,"  Christmas  cantata  (1893) ;  an  Evening 
Service  in  C  :  Part-songs,  etc. 

Waite,  Rev.  J.  J.,  amateur  musician 
and  clergjnian,  was  a  bus}'  worker,  though 
blind,  in  the  cause  of  musical  education  in 
Gloucester  and  Hereford.  He  died  at  Hereford 
in  October,  1868.  Among  other  works  he 
edited  "  Hallelujah. ..  .being  a  selection  of 
tunes  from  the  works  of  Wainwright." 

Wakefield,  Augusta  Mary,  amateur 
contralto  vocalist  and  composer,  born  at 
KeHdal,  August  19,  1858.  Studied  singing 
under  Randegger,  Henschel,  and  Blunienthal, 
also  at  Rome.  Has  sung  in  various  parts  of 
the  country,  and  took  part  in  the  Gloucester 
Festival  of  1880.  Established  an  annual 
series  of  vocal  competitions  about  1885,  which 
have  culminated  in  the  Wakefield  Festivals, 
held  at  Kendal  every  spring,  and  which  are 
intended  to  encourage  the  study  of  music. 
Miss  Wakefield  conducts  the  performances, 
and  appears  as  vocalist.  She  is  the  composer 
of  several  songs.  No,  sir  !  Yes  sir  ! ;  Bunch  of 
Cowslips;  May  time  in  mid-winter ;  More  and 
more,  etc.  Her  chorus.  Queen  of  sixty  years, 
was  sung  at  Kendal,  April  29,  1897.     She  has 


WALENN. 

given  lectures  on  music,  and  has  edited 
Ruskin  on  Music,  1894,  and  contributed  to 
various  periodicals. 

Walch,  James,  organist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Egerton,  near  Bolton,  June  21, 
1837.  His  father  was  a  musician,  and  he 
studied  under  him,  and  afterwards  under 
Henry  Smart.  Organist  successively  of  Duke's 
Alley  Congregational  Church,  Bolton,  1851 ; 
Walmsley  Church,  1857 ;  Bridge  Street  Wes- 
leyan  Church,  1858 ;  St.  George's  Parish 
Church,  Bolton,  1863.  He  was  conductor  of 
Bolton  Philharmonic  Society  in  1870,  and  in 
1874  he  retired.  Composer  of  hymn  tunes 
and  other  church  music,  of  which  the  best 
known  is  "  Sawley,"  a  popular  hymn,  com- 
posed in  1857,  and  printed  for  private  cir- 
culation in  1860. 

Walenn.  Family  of  musicians.  James 
Farquharson  Walenn,  the  eldest,  was  born 
in  London,  January,  1860.  A  chorister,  All 
Saints',  Margaret  Street,  and  afterwards  pupil 
of  W.  S.  Hoyte.  In  December,  1877,  he  won 
the  Novello  Scholarship  at  the  National 
Training  School  for  Music,  and  two  years 
later  was  appointed  organist  and  choirmaster 
of  St.  Alban's,  Holborn,  and  was  also  con- 
ductor of  the  St.  Alban's  Choral  Society.  He 
composed  some  church  music  ;  two  pf .  trios  ; 
many  songs,  and  left  an  opera  unfinished. 
He  died  at  Hornsey,  February  10,  1884,  a  loss 
to  the  art  he  gave  such  promise  to  adorn. 
Arthur  Walenn,  his  brother,  born  in  Lon- 
don, was  educated  at  All  Saints'  Choir  School, 
and  at  the  R.A  M.  He  began  as  a  viola 
player,  and  was  soon  engaged  in  the  orchestras 
of  the  opera  and  concert  rooms.  With  his 
sister  and  two  younger  brothers  he  formed 
the  Walenn  quartet  of  strings,  and  gave  con- 
certs ;  but  an  excellent  baritone  voice  develop- 
ing, he,  by  the  advice  of  Sir  A.  C.  Mackenzie, 
devoted  himself  to  singing,  and  the  com- 
bination was  broken  up.  After  a  course  of 
study  under  G.  Henschel,  he  made  his  debut 
at  the  morning  concerts  at  the  Queen's  Hall, 
in  November,  1895,  afterwards  being  engaged 
for  the  London  Symphony  Concerts.  He  has 
since  been  heard  in  many  provincial  centres, 
and  has  fairly  established  a  reputation. 
Charles  Walenn,  the  next  brother,  born  in 
London,  1869,  is  also  a  baritone  singer,  and 
has  for  some  years  been  a  member  of  the 
D'Oyly  Carte  No.  1  Company.  Herbert 
Walenn,  violoncellist,  born  in  London,  June 
25,  1870,  studied  under  Hugo  Becker,  at 
Frankfort,  and  has  appeared  with  success  in 
Germany,  and  at  the  Queen's  Hall,  1897. 
Gerald  Walenn,  the  youngest  brother,  born 
in  London,  1872,  studied  the  violin  at  the 
R.A.M.,  under  Sainton  and  Sauret.  At  the 
age  of  fourteen  he  played  before  the  Queen, 
at  Windsor,  and  soon  afterwards  was  heard  at 
various  concerts.     He  was  in  Germany,  1896, 


428 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


WALEY. 

where  he  was  very  successful,  and  has  since 
played  at  chamber  concerts,  Queen's  Hall. 
DouoTHEA  Walenx,  born  iu  London,  is  also 
a  violinist ;  pupil  of  Sainton,  Sauret,  and 
Hugo  Heermann.  After  playing  in  the  quartet 
mentioned,  she  devoted  her  attention  to  teach- 
ing, in  London. 

Waley,  Simon  Waley,  pianist  and  am- 
ateur composer,  born  at  London,  in  1827. 
He  was  engaged  in  commercial  life  in  London, 
being  a  member  of  the  Stock  Exchange,  and 
he  was  also  an  active  member  of  the  Jewish 
community  in  London,  He  studied  music, 
the  pf.  under  Moscheles,  Bennett,  and  G.  A. 
Osborne,  and  theory  under  W.  Horsley,  and 
Molique.  As  a  pianist  he  displayed  ability, 
and  performed  at  the  concerts  of  the  Amateur 
Musical  Society.  He  died  at  Loudon,  Dec- 
ember 30,  1875. 

Works. — Music  for  the  services  of  the 
Jewish  Church  ;  Duets.  Songs  :  Angel's 
voices ;  Dream  of  home ;  I'll  rest ;  Lost 
chord ;  Sing  on,  sing  on,  ye  little  birds ; 
Fairies  song,  etc.  Concerto  for  pf.  and  or- 
chestra ;  Romance  for  oboe,  or  violin  and  pf. 
(1861) ;  Romance  for  violin  and  pf.  (1878) ; 
Marches,  caprices,  and  other  works  for  pf. 

Walkeley,  Antony,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  iu  1672.  He  was  trained  as  a 
chorister  in  Wells  Cathedral,  where  he  after- 
wards became  vicar-choral.  Organist  of 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  iu  succession  to  D. 
Rosiugrave,  1698.  Died  at  Salisbury,  January 
16,  1717.  Composer  of  a  ilorning  service  in  E 
flat,  in  Tudway's  collection,  and  of  anthems 
in  MS. 

Walker,  Alexander,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, of  latter  part  of  the  18th  ceutury. 
Composer  of  "A  Collection  of  Strathspeys, 
reels,  marches,  etc. ...dedicated  to  Sir  Charles 
Forbes,  Bart.,  of  Newe."     Aberdeen,  n.d. 

Walker,  Augustus  Hayter,  teacher  of 
composition  and  musical  science,  born  in 
London,  February  8,  1855.  Studied  under 
Dr.  F.  J.  Sawyer.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
1883;  Mus.  Doc,  1886,  London,  being  with 
Dr.  W.  H.  Hunt  (^.r.),  the  first  to  i-eceive 
the  degree  of  Mus.  Doc.  at  London  L^niver- 
sity.  Sometime  resident  iu  Brighton,  and 
professor  of  hirmony  and  composition  at 
Brighton  College,  and  Conservatoire  of  ]Music. 
Lecturer  in  musical  acoustics,  T.C.L.,  and 
tutor  in  music.  University  Correspondence 
College.  His  compositions  are ;  Psalm  95, 
for  soli,  chorus,  and  strings ;  Requiem,  for 
soli,  eight-part  chorus  and  orchestra,  per- 
formed, London,  Februiry  20,  1886;  songs, 
part-songs,  and  organ  pieces,  etc. 

Walker,  Bettina,  pianist  and  writer, 
born  at  Dublin.  Not  originally  intended  for 
the  musical  profession.  Studied  under 
Adolphe  Henselt  chiefly,  and  settled  in  L,on- 
dou  about  1890  as  an  exponant  of  his  method 


WALKER. 

of  teaching.  Author  of  "  My  Musical  Ex- 
periences," London,  Bentley,  1890.  She  died 
at  Fulham,  February  4,  1898. 

Walker,  Francis,  baritone  vocalist  of 
present  time.  Sang  at  various  concerts  in 
London  up  to  1885,  when  he  went  to  Italy 
for  furtlier  study.  On  his  return  he  gave  a 
concert  at  Burlington  Hall,  London,  April  7, 
1886.  His  experiences  he  embodied  in  a  book, 
"  Letters  of  a  Baritone,"  London,  Heine- 
mann,  1895. 

Walker,  Frederick  Edward,  tenor 
vocalist,  born  at  '  Marylebone,  London, 
January  17,  1835.  Entered  the  choir  of  the 
Chapel  Royal,  St.  James's,  when  nine. 
Studied  under  private  teachers,  and  became 
a  vicar-choral  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  in 
1858.  In  1867  he  succeeded  Henry  Buckland 
as  Master  of  the  Boys.  Sang  in  the  quartets 
iu  "Elijah,"  Sacred  Harmonic  Concerts, 
June  15,  1855,  and  in  the  same  work  at 
Madam  Goldschmidt's  farewell  performance, 
December  17,  at  Exeter  Hall.  For  many 
years  a  familiar  figure  on  the  concert  plat- 
form. Conductor  of  the  London  Vocal  Union, 
which  assisted  at  the  first  performance  in 
England  of  Brahms'  "  Rinaldo,"  Crystal 
Palace,  April  15, 1870.  He  was  also  appointed 
conductor  of  the  Brixton  Philharmonic 
Society,  1883.  Professor  of  singing,  and  Hon. 
member  (1887),  of  R.A.M. ;  professor,  G.S.M. 
He  is  an  organist,  pianist,  violinist,  and  per- 
former on  the  opliicleide ;  and  accompanied 
the  recitatives  on  the  pf.  at  the  performance 
of  Bach's  "Matthew  Passion,"  St.  Paul's, 
April  8,  1873. 

Walker,  James,  violinist  and  composer, 
was  born  at  Dysart,  Fife,  in  the  latter  half 
of  last  century,  and  died  there  on  April  8, 
1810.  He  published  "  A  Collection  of  new 
Scots  reels,  strathspeys,  jigs,  etc.,  with  a  bass 
for  the  violoncello  or  harpsichord,"  Dysart, 
n.d.  [1797].  "Second  collection  of  reels, 
strathspeys,  jigs,  etc.,  with  bass  for  the 
violincello  or  harpsichord,  also  delferent 
marches  for  volunteer  corps,"  Dysart,  n.d. 
[1800] . 

Walker,  James,  amateur  musician,  born 
at  Aberdeen,  July  0,  1827.  A  tea  merchant 
in  Aberdeen,  and  prominent  in  city  and  town 
council  affairs.  Author  of  "  On  Just  In- 
tonation in  Song  and  Speech,"  Aberdeen, 
1876,  privately  printed.  "  Some  notes  re- 
girding  the  proposed  Municipal  Band," 
Aberdeen,  1878.  He  collected  a  valuable 
musical  library,  which  he  presented  to  the 
Public  Library  of  Aberdeen  in  1891.  For 
some  years  be  was  president  of  the  Aberdeen 
Musical  Association. 

Walker,  Joseph,  tenor  vocalist  and 
writer.  Son  of  Thomas  Walker  {q.v.)  He 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Sacred  Har- 
monic Society.     Author  of  "  Walker's  Chro- 


BRITISH    MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY, 


429 


WALKER. 

matic  Solmization,"  London  [1825] ;  "  Pocket 
Memorial  for  the  musical  tyro,"  London, 
1835. 

Walker,  Joseph  Cooper,  writer  and 
musician,  born  at  Dublin,  November,  1760; 
died  at  St.  Valery,  near  Bray,  April  12,  1810. 
Author  of  Historical  Memoirs  of  the  Irish 
Bards,  interspersed  with  anecdotes  and  oc- 
casional    observations     on     the     Music     of 

Ireland "  Dublin,  1786.     "  An  Historical 

account  and  critical  essay  on  the  Opera,  and 
on  the  revival  of  the  drama  in  Italy,"  Edin- 
burgh, 1805.  "  Memoirs  of  Alessandro  Tas- 
soni,  edited  by  S.  Walker,"  1815.  Other 
works,  chiefly  on  Irish  antiquities. 

Walker,  Lawrence,  organist  and  pianist. 
Studied  at  Armagh  Cathedral,  and  at  the 
Kaff  Conservatorium,  at  Frankfort,  and  gained 
high  praise  for  a  pf.  trio  performed  at  a 
concert  there,  July  9,  1889.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac.  Cambridge,  1891 ;  is  also  B.A.,  Dublin. 
Organist  of  St.  James's  Church,  Belfast,  in 
which  place  he  is  resident  as  a  teacher.  He 
has  composed  a  setting  of  Psalm  137,  for  soli- 
chorus,  strings,  and  organ. 

Walker,  Reginald,  H.,  musician,  was 
born  in  1839.  He  was  the  youngest  son  of 
■  J.  H.  Walker,  music  master  of  Rugby  School. 
Died  at  Kingstown,  Ireland,  in  October,  1876. 
Composer  of  "Jerusalem,"  a  cantata,  and 
other  vocal  music. 

Walker,  Thomas,  composer  and  alto 
vocalist,  was  bora  at  London  in  1764. 
Teacher  in  London.  Died  at  Queenhithe, 
July  5,  1827.  Composer  of  "  Anthems  and 
set  pieces  for  2,  3,  4,  and  5,  voices,"  London 
[1808] ;  "  Walker's  Companion  to  Dr.  Rippon's 
Tune  Book,"  London,  1811,  2  vols. ;  also 
1815.     Songs  and  other  vocal  music. 

Wallace,  Frank  M.,  violinist,  son  of 
Paul  Wallace,  was  a  pupil  of  A.  C.  Mackenzie, 
and  studied  later  at  Leipzig  Conservatorium 
under  F.  David  and  others.  For  some  years 
he  was  a  member  of  the  principal  London 
orchestras  ;  but  failing  health  caused  him  to 
leave  England  in  1886,  and  take  up  his  abode 
in  New  Zealand.  He  has  given  concerts  at 
Christchurch  ;  is  the  conductor  of  a  musical 
society  thei'e  ;  and  holds  a  good  position  as  a 
violinist. 

Wallace,  Lady  Maxwell,  horn  Gbace 
Stein,  born  at  Edinburgh  about  1815. 
Married  in  1836  to  Sir  James  ^Maxwell 
Wallace.  She  died  in  1878.  Translated 
"  Letters  from  Italy  and  Switzerland,  by 
Felix  Mendelssohn-Bartholdy,"  London,  1862 
(2  editions) ;  "  Letters  of  Felix  Mendelssohn- 
Bartholdy,  from  1833  to  1847  ..."  1863 ; 
"  Letter  of  Wolfgang  Amadeus  Mozart,  1769- 
1791  ..."  London,  1865 ;  "  Beethoven's 
Letters,  1790-1826,"  London,  1866,  2  vols.  ; 
"  Letters  of  Distinguished  Musicians,  Gluck, 
Haydn,  P.  E.  Bach,  Weber,  Mendelssohn," 


WALLACE. 

London,  1867 ;  "  Reminiscences  of  Felix 
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy,  by  Elise  Polko," 
London,  1869. 

Wallace,  William,  composer,  born  at 
Greenock  in  1860.  Educated  at  Fettes 
College,  Edinburgh,  and  afterwards  entered 
upon  a  course  of  medical  study,  which  was 
continued  at  Vienna.  He  had  already  com- 
menced to  compose  music,  and  on  going  to 
London  he  entered  the  R.A.M. ,  and  decided 
his  career.  In  1890  a  scena  of  his  was  per- 
formed at  the  Academy  concerts. 

Works. — Orchestral :  Suite  in  A  (based  on 
Ibsen's  The  Lady  of  the  Sea),  produced  by 
the  Stock  Exchange  Orchestral  Society, 
February  18,  1892;  Symphonic  Poem,  The 
Passing  of  Beatrice,  Crystal  Palace,  November 
26,  1892;  Prelude  to  the  Eumenides  of 
iEschylus,  the  same,  October  21,  1893; 
Concert  overture.  In  Praise  of  Scottis  Poesie, 
the  same,  November  17,  1894  ;  Symphonic 
prelude,  Amboss  oder  Hammer  (on  Goethe's 
Kophtisches  Lied),  the  same,  October  17, 
1896.  Trio  in  A,  pf .  and  strings ;  Suite  in 
Olden  Style,  pf.  The  Rhapsody  of  Mary 
Magdelene,  Queen's  Hall,  December  15, 1896; 
Lyric  from  Prometheus  Unbound,  with 
accompaniment  for  violin  and  pf.  ;  Six  Songs 
(Heine) ;  Cycle  of  Spanish  Songs  for  4  voices ; 
Madrigal,  In  a  glorious  garden  green,  etc. 

Wallace,  William  Vincent,  composer, 
pianist,  and  violinist,  was  born  at  Waterford, 
June  1,  1814.  Son  of  Scottish  parents,  his 
father  being  an  army  bandmaster  and  bassoon 
player.  On  the  removal  of  the  family  to 
Dublin,  j'oung  Wallace  frequently  appeared 
at  concerts  as  a  violinist  from  1829,  and  in 
1834  he  played  a  concerto  of  his  own  com- 
position at  a  concert.  He  married,  first.  Miss 
Kelly,  from  whom  he  soon  separated,  and 
about  1836  went  to  Australia,  and  travelled 
about  there,  in  New  Zealand,  India,  and 
South  America.  He  appeared  in  London  in 
1845,  and  produced  his  operas,  but  soon  after 
resumed  his  wanderings,  this  time  visiting 
the  United  States  as  well  as  South  America. 
In  1850  he  married  Hel^ne  Stoepel,  who  had 
some  vogue  as  a  pianist.  He  died  at  the 
Chateau  de  Bagen,  Haute  Garonne,  France, 
October  12,  1865. 

Works. — Operas:  Maritana,  London 
(Drury  Lane),  November  15,  1845  ;  Matilda 
of  Hungary,  London,  1847  ;  Lurline,  London 
(Covent  Garden),  February,  1860  ;  The  Amber 
Witch,  London,  February,  1861;  Love's 
Triumph,  London,  November,  1862;  The 
Desert  Flower,  London,  October,  1863  ;  The 
Maid  of  Zurich  (never  performed)  ;  Estrella 
(unfinished);  Gulnare,  operetta;  Olga,  op- 
eretta. Cantata  :  May  Pole  (E.  Oxenford). 
Four  Hymns  by  J.  Keble.  Corin  for  Cleora 
dying,  four-part  song.  Pianoforte :  Air  Russe  ; 
Barcarolle;  Caprice heroique;  Chant d' Amour,. 


480 


BHITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGliAPHY. 


WALLBRIDGE. 

op.  26 ;  Chant  des  Pelerines,  op.  19 ;  Danse 
Cossaque  ;  Fairy  march  ;  Gondellied  [1859] ; 
La  Gondola,  op.  18  ;  ^lazurka-etude  ;  Grand 
mazurka  guerrier  ;  Premier  nocturne  [1856] ; 
Three  nocturnes,  op.  20 ;  Nocturnes,  op.  32  ; 
Polka  de  concert ;  Le  Reve,  romance,  op.  21  ; 
Romances. op.  25,36;  Sixvalses;  Tarantellas; 
Village  Festival ;  Woodland  murmurs  ;  Le 
Zephyr,  op.  47  ;  numerous  transcriptions  of 
popular  airs  and  arrangements  from  operas. 
Soiigx :  Alice ;  Autumn  (1853) ;  If  doughty 
deeds ;  Hope  in  absence  ;  Katie  Strang ; 
Winds  that  waft  my  sighs  to  thee  ;  Silent 
love ;  Bellringer  (1860) ;  Coming  of  the  flowers ; 
Gipsy  maid  ;  Star  of  love  ;  Wood-nymph ; 
etc.  His  life,  which  was  full  of  adventure 
and  somewhat  romantic,  was  written  by 
Arthur  Pougin  under  the  title  of  "  William 
Vincent  Wallace,  6tude  biographique  et 
critique,"  Paris,  1866.  In  1896  a  concert  was 
given  in  London  for  the  benefit  of  Wallace's 
son. 

His  sister  Eliza  was  a  distinguished 
violinist  and  vocalist ;  who  toured  in  Europe 
and  America  as  a  concert  giver.  She  was 
ma'-ried  to  John  Bushelle.  Settled  latterly 
in  Australia  as  a  teacher,  and  died  at  Sydney 
in  August,  1878. 

Wailbridge,  Arthur,  see  Lunn,  Wm. 
A.  B. 

Wallis,  Ebenezer  John,  amateur  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  May  9,  1831  ;  died  at 
Sutton-at-llone,  Kent,  October  26,  1879. 
Composer  of "  Barossa,"  a  popular  hymn  tune, 
which  was  issued  in  "  Anthems,  canticles, 
and  hymns,"  1869. 

Wallis,  John,  mathematician  and  writer, 
born  at  Ashford,  Kent,  November  23,  1616 ; 
died  at  London,  October  28,  1703.  Author  of 
"  Observations  concerning  the  swiftness  of 
sound,"  London,  1672;  "  Claudii  Ptolemsei 
Harmonicorum. ."  Oxford,  1680.  Also  num- 
erous papers  on  musical  subjects  in  the 
Philosophical  Transactions. 

Wallworth,  Thomas  Adlington,  com- 
poser, teacher,  and  writer,  born  at  Liverpool, 
January  18,  1831.  The  family  removed  to 
Huddersfield  when  he  was  two  j^ears  old.  He 
was  taught  the  Lancashire  sol-fa  by  Jackman. 
of  Huddersfield  ;  sang  as  a  baritone  at  Liver- 
pool. Entered  the  R.A.M.  in  1848,  studying 
chiefly  under  Crivelli.  Sang  in  the  first  per- 
formance of  Bach's  Passion  (St.  Matthew), 
given  by  the  Bach  Society  at  the  Hanover 
Square  Rooms,  .\pril  6,  1854.  Toured  with 
the  Pj-ne  and  Harrison  opera  company,  and 
for  many  years  was  actively  engaged  in  con- 
cert work.  He  was  appointed  professor  of 
singing  at  the  G.S.M.  from  its  opening  ;  also 
professor,  R.A.M.,  to  1890,  and  F.R.A.M.,  and 
Associate  of  the  Philharmonic  Society.  His 
health  failing  he  left  England  in  October, 
1886,  to  reside  at  Cape  Town.      Among  his 


WALSH. 

pupils  were  Madame  Valleria,  Mr.  Iver 
AIcKaj',  and  others  who  have  made  a  reputa- 
tion. He  composed  an  operetta,  "Kevin's 
Choice,"  produced  at  the  Adelphi  Theatre, 
i\Iarch  25,  1882  ;  a  prize  glee.  Up,  Sailor  boy 
(1865) ;  and  other  vocal  pieces.  Author  of  A 
Course  of  Study  and  Practice  for  the  Voice  ; 
Art  of  Voice  Training  and  Vocalisation. 

Walmisley,  Thomas  Forbes,  composer 
and  organist,  born  at  London  in  1783.  He 
was  a  chorister  in  Westminster  Abbey,  and 
studied  mider  Attwood.  Married  eldest 
daughter  of  Wm.  Capon,  1810.  Organist  of 
St.  Martin-in-the-Fields,  London,  1812.  He 
died  at  London,  July  23,  1866. 

Works. — Six  Glees  for  3,  4,  5,  and  6  voices, 
London,  1814  ;  A  Collection  of  Glees,  Trios, 
Rounds,  and  Canons,  London,  1826 ;  Six 
Glees,  dedicated  to  the  Catch  Club,  London, 
1830  ;  Six  Glees  for  4  voices,  3rd  collection, 
London,  1830,  ;  Six  Glees,  4th  collection, 
London  ;  many  single  glees,  including  prize 
glees,  etc.  Six  Anthems  and  a  short  ^Morning 
and  Evening  Service,  London,  n.d.  Sacred 
Songs,  London,  1841.     Songs. 

Walmisley,  Thomas  Attwood,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  London,  January  21, 
1814.  Son  of  above.  He  studied  under 
Attwood,  who  was  his  godfather.  Organist  of 
Croydon  Church,  1830,  and  of  Trinity  and  St. 
John's  Colleges,  Cambridge,  1833.  Mus.  Bac. 
Cantab.,  1833.  Professor  of  Music  at  Cam- 
bridge, 1836.  B.A.,  1838  ;  M.A.,  1841.  Mus. 
Doc.  Cantab.,  1848.  He  died  at  Hastings, 
January  17,  1856. 

Works. — Cathedral   Music,  a  collection  of 

services  and   anthems,  London,  1857,  edited 

by  T.  F.  Walmisley.      Odes  on  installation  of 

Duke  of  Northumberland   (1842)  and  Prince 

Albert   (1849)    as   chancellors   of    Cambridge 

University.      Collection  of   Chants  with  the 

responses   in   use  at   the  chapels  of   King's, 

Trinity,  and  St.  John's  Colleges,  Cambridge, 

I  London  [1845].       Choral  h}Txin  in  four  parts. 

Cambria,  trio.      Four  songs  by  :Mrs.  Elliott 

I  (1854)  :    Chatelar  to  Mary,   Queen  of   Scots, 

I  and  other  songs. 

Walond,  William,  organist  and  composer 
'  of  the  18th  century,  was  a  member  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  and  in  or  about  1757  graduated 
as  JIus.  Bac.  He  composed  an  ode  "  St. 
Cecilia's  Day"  (1790),  by  Pope,  and  other 
works.  Another  William  Waloxd,  probably 
the  son  of  the  above,  was  born  about  1750. 
He  was  organist  of  Chichester  Cathedral,  and 
died  at  Chichester,  February  9,  1836.  He 
composed  some  music  for  the  church. 

Walsh,  George,  organist,  who  succeeded 
Rosingrave  at  Christ  Church  Cathedral, 
Dublin.     He  died  in  1765. 

Walsh,  Thomas,  teacher  of  singing,  was 
born  in  the  latter  part  of  the  18th  century. 
He  was  proprietor  of  the  Argj'le  Rooms,  Lon- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


431 


WALSH. 

don,  when  the  Philharmonic  Society  gave  its 
concerts  there.  Best  Icnown  as  a  successful 
voice  trainer.  Kitty  Stephens  was  one  of 
many  distinguished  vocalists  trained  hy  him. 
He  died  at  Brighton,  January  24, 1848. 

Walsh,  William  J.,  musician,  issued 
"  Grammar  of  Gregorian  Music,  with  numer- 
ous exercises  and  examples,"  Dublin,  1885. 

Walshe,  Walter  Hayle,  physician  and 
writer,  born  at  Dublin  in  1816.  Author  of 
"  Dramatic  Singing  Physiologically  estimated" 
London,  1881. 

Walter,  Ida,  composer  of  the  present  time. 
Niece  of  chief  proprietor  of  the  Times. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.  Composer  of  an  opera, 
"  Florian,"  produced.  Novelty  Theatre,  July 
14,  1886 ;  also  of  The  Sea  hath  its  pearls ; 
O  let  the  solid  ground  ;    and  other  songs. 

Walter,  John,  composer  and  organist,  of 
latter  part  of  17th  and  beginning  of  the  18th 
centuries.  He  was  organist  of  Eton  College 
early  in  the  18th  century.  Composer  of 
music  for  the  church.  Was  teacher  of  John 
Weldon. 

Walters,  Dr.  Allan,  conductor  of  the 
Musical  Union,  Brisbane,  Queensland,  Aus- 
tralia, is  the  composer  of  a  Jubilee  Ode,  for 
-chorus  and  orchestra,  produced,  Brisbane, 
June,  1887.  He  is  said  to  be  doing  good 
service  to  music  in  his  district. 

Walthew,  Richard  H.,  pianist  and  com- 
poser. Pupil  of  Dr.  Hubert  Parry,  at  R.C.M. 
First  came  into  notice  b)'  playing  a  pf .  con- 
certo of  his  own  at  a  concert  of  the  Strolling 
Players,  Queen's  Hall,  May  3,  1894.  An 
orchestral  suite,  and  a  Festival  overture,  have 
been  performed  by  the  Stock  Exchange  Soc- 
iety, 1895-6  ;  and  the  Highbury  Philharmonic 
Societ\'  produced  his  setting  of  Browming's 
Pied  Piper  of  Hamelin  (for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra),  in  189-3.  He  has  also  composed  a 
Festival  March  for  orchestra ;  Trio,  pf.  and 
strings ;  pieces  for  clarinet  and  pf . ;  Snow- 
drops, cantata  for  female  voices ;  songs,  etc. 

Walton,  Rev.  C.  B.,  amateur  musician. 
Sometime  vicar  (or  curate?)  of  St.  James's, 
Ogley  Hay,  compiled  "A  selection  of  original 
chants,  hymn  tunes,  kyries,  etc.,"  Birming- 
ham, Harrison  [1880]. 

Walton,  Emanuel,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, of  first  half  of  present  century.  Com- 
poser of  "  An  original  set  of  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,  arranged  for  four  voices,"  Leeds  [1810] ; 
"  Church  psalmody,  selected  and  arranged  for 
four  voices,"  London  [1830];  Walton's 
psalmody,  2nd  edition  [1835] .  Songs :  How 
sleep  the  brave ;  Radiant  queen ;  When 
the  sun  is  fast  declining,  and  other  vocal 
music. 

Wanless,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser of  the  latter  part  of  the  17th  and  early 
part  of  the  18th  centuries.  He  graduated 
Mus.  Bac.  Cambridge  in  1698,  and  afterwards 


WARD. 

became  organist  of  York  Minster.      He  died 
in  1721.    Composer  of  the  "York  Litany  "  and 
some  anthems. 
Ward,  Adelaide,  see  Newton,  Mks.  Alex. 
Ward,    Cornelius,     organist,    composer, 
and  writer,  born  at  Speen,  Buckinghamshire, 
June  29, 1814.     Organist  and  teacher  at  Speen. 
Works. — Prodigal  Son,  oratorio  ;  Nativity, 
cantata ;    Seraphic  tidings,  ode.  Buckingham- 
shire ^lelodist,  a  new  set  of  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes,   London,    1844.       Wesleyan    i\Iinstrel, 

I  comprising  a  set  of  tunes  adapted  to  all  the 
varieties   of   metre   in   the  Rev.  J.  Wesley's 

I  hymn  book   [1854] .      The  Choristor,  5  vols.  ; 

!  Choral  Beauties,  2  vols.     The  Flute  explained 

j  being  an  examination  of   the  principles  of  its 
structure  and  action,  London,  1844.    Anthems, 

t  songs,    etc.       He    also    edited    a    reprint   of 

j  Nicholds'  oratorio,  "Babylon." 

Ward,  Francis  Marshall,  bass  vocalist, 
organist,  and  conductor,  born  at  Lincoln, 
December  26,  1830.  Educated  as  a  chorister  at 
Lincoln  Cathedral,  and  in  1845  was  appointed 
organist  of  St.  Peter  in  Eastgate,  Lincoln. 
Was  elected  principal  bass  at  Hereford 
Cathedral,  1851,  and  during  the  next  twenty 
years  sang  a  good  deal  in  oratorio  and  general 
concert  work.  Organist  and  choirmaster 
Abergavenny  Parish  Church,  1856 ;  St.  jNIary's, 
Lincoln,  1857.  Was  bandmaster  of  the  1st 
Lincolnshire  Volunteers  when  the  movement 
started,  and  won  several  prizes  at  brass  band 
contests.  Removed  to  Nottingham  about 
1867,  and  was  organist  of  Lenton  Parish 
Church,  and  after  holding  similar  appoint- 
ments at  other  churches,  was  appointed  in 
1894  to  Broad  Street  Wesley  Chapel,  where 
an  orchestra  is  employed  on  Sunday  Evenings. 
W^as  organist  and  music  master  at  the  Blind 
Institution,  Nottinghom,  for  ten  years ;  and 
has  conducted  societies  at  Lincoln  and  other 
places.  The     Nottingham     Philharmonic 

Society,  under  his  direction,  won  the  prize  of 
£100  at  the  Liverpool  Exhibition,  1886.  He 
is  also  musical  director  of  the  Nottingham 
Glee  Club.  His  compositions  include  a 
]\rinuet  for  orchestra,  church  services,  anthems, 
songs,  and  part-songs,  only  a  few  of  which 
are  published.  His  daughters,  Lily,  a  soprano, 
and  Jessie  a  contralto  vocalist,  have  sung  in 
the  Midlands  and  the  North  with  success 
since  1885. 

Ward,  Frederick,  violinist  and  composer, 
born  in  Birmingham,  December  26,  1845. 
Principal  violinist  in  orchestral  concerts, 
Birmingham,  and  in  great  request  in  the 
Midlands  as  a  soloist.  Member  of  the  Bir- 
mingham Festival  Orchestra.  Has  composed 
a  concert  overture  for  orchestra ;  two  concertos 
for  clarinet  and  orchestra ;  a  sextet,  and 
ten  quartets  for  strings  ;  pieces  for  violin ; 
songs,  part-songs,  etc. 

Ward,  John,  composer  of  the  16th  and 


•132 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WARD. 

17th  centuries.  He  died  about  1G40.  Com- 
posed "  The  First  Set  of  English  Madrigals, 
to  3,  4,  5,  and  6  parts,  apt  both  for  viols  and 
voyces  ;  with  a  Mourning  Song  in  memory  of 
Prince  Henry.."  Loudon,  1G13.  Songs  in 
Leigliton's  "Tearos,"  and  service  and  anthem 
in  Barnard's  collection. 

Ward,  John,  English  writer,  author  of 
"  Lives  of  the  Professors  of  Gresham  College, 
to  which  is  perfixed  the  life  of  the  founder. 
Sir  Thomas  Gresham,  with  an  appendix  con- 
sisting of  orations,  etc..."  Loudon,  17iO. 
Contains  lives  of  Bull,  Clayton,  Taveruer,  and 
other  professors  of  music. 

Ward,  John  Charles,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Upper  Clapton,  London,  I\Iarch 
27,  1885.  Entered  the  choir  of  the  Temple 
Church  with  his  brotlier,  R.  J.  Ward  (noticed 
below),  in  1842,  remaining  there  until  1818. 
Studied  pf.  under  his  father,  violin  under 
Howard  Glover,  and  concertina  with  George 
Case.  Played  a  concertina  solo  at  Crosby 
Hall,  December  2,  181G,  and  for  a  long  time 
was  knowu  as  a  virtuoso  on  the  instrument. 
He  has  been  organist  successively  at  Bride- 
well Hospital  Chipel,  1852 ;  St.  John's 
Chapel,  Hampstead,  1853 ;  Eaton  Chapel, 
Eaton  Square,  1856 ;  Christ  Church,  Hamp- 
stead, 18G3 ;  Quebec  Chapel,  1868 ;  Holy 
Trinity,  Haverstock  Hill,  1881 ;  Christ  Church, 
Streatliam  Hill,  188G ;  and  St.  Mary  the 
Virgin,  Primrose  Hill,  from  1890.  Member 
of  the  Leslie  Choir  from  its  foundation  in 
1855,  and  organist  and  assistant-conductor 
from  1856  to  1885.  For  his  services  as  or- 
ganist when  the  choir  visited  Paris  in  1878, 
he  was  awarded  a  medal.  He  has  given  organ 
recitals  in  various  places. 

Works.— Motet,  Thy  Word  is  a  Lantern, 
double  choir ;  Sanctus,  double  choir  (sung  by 
Leslie's  Choir)  ;  Cantata,  The  Wood ;  Testi- 
monial Ode ;  A  Psalm  of  Life,  men's  chorus 
and  orchestra  ;  Cliurch  services  ;  anthem,  I 
am  the  Resurrection,  In  Memorlam,  Henry 
Leslie.  Collection  of  hymn  tunes  and  chants. 
Lives  of  great  men  ;  Rove  not  to  the  Rhine ; 
and  other  part-songs.  Trios,  Faith,  Hope, 
for  soprano,  mezzo-soprano,  and  tenor. 
Cantata,  The  Swedish  Singers,  female  voices. 
Fugue  on  tlie  Sailor's  Hornpipe,  orchestra, 
written  for  the  Bradford  Permanent  Orchestra. 
Organ:  Nautical  Symphony  in  four  move- 
ments ;  Prelude  and  Fugue,  W^estminster 
Chimes ;  Prelude  and  March,  Wedding  Chimes; 
Fugue  on  London  New,  etc.  Fugues  and 
other  pieces  for  pf.  Trio,  for  .^ola,  'cello,  and 
bass  concertina  ;  Mirmet  for  3  concertinas  ; 
Polonaise  in  E  flat,  pf.  and  concertina,  etc. 
Mr.  Ward  invented  a  new  form  of  piano,  and 
the  Harmonic  Angelute. 

His  two  sisters  and  brother  were  musicians. 
The  elder  sister  Emily  (Mrs.  Alexander  New- 
ton) is  separately  noticed.     The  second,  Eliza 


WARE. 

A.  W.A.RD,  is  a  piauist  and  vocalist.  Was  the 
pianist  of  the  concert  party  on  tour  with 
Jenny  Lind,  when  Sims  Reeves,  Mrs.  A.  New- 
ton, F.  Lablache,  and  other  singers  were 
included ;  and  was  one  of  the  original  members 
of  Leslie's  Choir.  Resident  in  London  as 
teacher.  His  brother,  R.  J.  Ward,  born  in 
1818,  was  a  chorister  at  the  Temple  Church, 
1812-6.  Afterwards  he  studied  the  slide- 
trumpet,  and  became  eminent  as  a  performer. 
He  belonged  to  the  Royal  Italian  Opera,  and 
other  leading  orchestras.  While  officiating 
at  a  concert  at  Brighton  he  had  an  apoplectic 
stroke  which  closed  his  professiona'  career ; 
but  he  survived  for  fifteen  years,  and  so  far 
recovered  as  to  be  able  to  walk  from  ten  to 
fourteen  miles  a  day  without  fatigue.  His 
remaining  years  were  devoted  to  the  ameliora- 
tion of  the  sufferings  of  others,  by  remedial 
appliances  so  successful  in  his  own  case.  He 
died  at  East  Dulwich,  January  22,  1881,  aged 
53.  Clementine,  daughter  of  J.  C.  Ward,  is 
I'esident  organist  of  St.  Saviour's  Hospital, 
Osnaburg  btreet,  London.  She  has  sung  at 
her  father's  organ  recitals,  and  is  the  composer 
of  a  March,  Gavotte,  and  "Dickens  Series" 
of  little  pieces,  etc.,  for  pf.  Evelyn,  another 
daughter,  born  at  Hampstead,  January  9, 
1865,  is  a  soprano  vocalist.  She  studied  under 
her  father,  and  took  leading  parts  in  various 
comic  operas  in  England  and  the  United 
States  of  America,  from  1881  to  1893,  when 
she  retired  from  the  stage.  She  married  Mr. 
Hamilton  Tetley. 

Ware,  Alfred,  musician,  issued  "  Sacred 
Melodies,  containing  Psalm,  Hymn,  and 
Anthems,  arranged  for  the  Violin,"  London 
[1852] . 

Ware,  George,  composer  and  writer,  was 
born  in  1762  ;  died  at  Liverpool  in  1850.  Son 
of  George  Ware  (1723 :  London,  March  7, 
1814),  a  teacher  and  composer  of  vocal  music. 
George,  the  younger,  composed  glees,  songs, 
and  rondos,  and  other  music  for  the  pf.,  and 
wrote  "A  Dictionary  of  musical  chords, 
arranged  so  as  to  find  any  modulation  by 
various  methods,  through  the  twelve  half- 
tones," London,  n.d. 

Ware,  William  Henry,  composer  and 
violinist,  was  another  son  of  George  Ware, 
the  elder.  For  some  years  he  was  leader  at 
Covent  Garden  Theatre,  but  no  further  trace 
of  his  career  seems  to  have  been  preserved. 

Works. — Mtisic  to  Flays,  Pantomimes,  etc.  : 
Aladdin,  1813 ;  Bonifacio  and  Bridgetina,  1808 ; 
Cariolanus,  1806 ;  Cymbeline,  1806  ;  Don 
John,  1821;  Grand  tour,  1820;  Harlequin 
aud  Mother  Bunch,  1821 ;  Harlequin  and 
Mother  Goose,  1806 ;  Harlequin  aud  the 
sylph  of  the  oak,  1816 ;  Macbeth,  1806 ;  Mon- 
trose, 1822;  Ogre,  1807;  Two  galley  slaves, 
1822  ;  Undine,  1821 ;  Vision  of  the  sun,  1823  ; 
Zembuca,  1815.   Six  ballads  and  songs,  [1835] . 


BRITISH   MUSICAL    BIOGRAPHY. 


433 


WAREHAil. 

Three  duets  for  two  violins,  op.  2 ;  Trio  for 
two  violins  and  'cello,  etc. 

Wareh^hi,  Edwin  James,  tenor  vocalist 
and  organist,  bona  at  Wimborne,  Dorset, 
September  16,  1864.  Having  a  good  soprano 
voice  he  was  a  successful  concert  singer  at 
eight  years  of  age,  and  when  twelve  was 
appointed  at  one  of  the  churches  in  Wim- 
borne. In  1881,  he  was  appointed  organist  of 
Woodbridge  Parish  Church,  and  conductor 
of  the  East  Suffolk  Church  Choir  Union ; 
moving,  in  1884,  to  Glasgow,  as  organist  of 
Claremont  Church.  A  year  later  he  succeeded 
the  late  Channon  Cornwall,  as  organist  and 
accompanist  to  the  Glasgow  Choral  Union. 
He  also  frequently  conducted  the  rehearsals  ; 
and  played  the  organ  at  the  great  Jubilee 
service  in  the  Cathedral,  1887,  and  at  the 
opening  of  the  Exhibition,  1888.  His  next 
appointment  was  to  St.  George's,  Albemarle 
Street,  London,  1890,  where  he  greatly  im- 
proved the  musical  services.  He  now  resuined 
the  study  of  singing  at  the  G-uildhall  School, 
under  T.  A.  Wallworth,  and  at  the  R.A.M., 
under  W.  H.  Cummings.  Made  his  debut  in 
opera  at  the  Olympic  Theatre,  October,  1892, 
as  the  poet  in  "Eugene  Onegin";  created 
-the  part  of  Geoffrey  Norreys  in  Thomas's 
"  Golden  Web,"  produced  at  Liverpool,  Feb- 
ruary, 1893.  Appeared  in  Grand  Opera, 
Covent  Garden,  189-5 ;  at  Richter  Concerts, 
1893;  Crystal  Palace,  1894,  etc.  Sang  in 
South  Africa,  1896-7,  and  at  first  Festival 
in  Johannesburg,  1897. 

Wareing,  Herbert  Walter,  composer 
and  organist,  born  in  Birmingham,  April  5, 
1857.  Studied  under  Dr.  C.  Swinnerton 
Heap,  and  at  Leipzig  Conservatorium,  under 
Reinecke,  Jadassohn,  E.  F.  Richter,  and 
others.  Graduated  i\Ius.  Bac,  Cambridge, 
1882 ;  I\Ius.  Doc,  1886.  Has  held  organ 
appointments  at  St.  John's,  Wolverhampton, 
1876-9;  Edgbaston  Parish  Church,  1881-8; 
and  since  1891,  at  King's  Norton  Parish 
Church.  Resident  at  King's  Norton,  engaged 
in  composition,  and  teaching.  He  is  professor 
of  the  pf.  at  Malvern  CoUege,  and  has  other 
important  engagements. 

Works. — Cantatas,  Prayer  and  Praise 
(Mus.  Bac.  Exercise) ;  New  Year's  Eve  (Ex- 
ercise for  ^lus.  Doc.) ;  The  Wreck  of  the 
Hesperus,  for  tenor  and  bass  soli,  chorus  and 
orchestra,  1895.  Church  service  in  G  ;  An- 
thems, part-songs,  songs,  etc.  Concert  over- 
ture in  F  (Birmingham,  1879)  ;  String  quartet 
in  F  (performed  at  the  Hauptpriifung,  Leipzig, 
1876) ;  Ten  concert  pieces  for  violin  and  pf.  ; 
Two  pieces  for  violoncello  and  pf. ;  Pieces  for 
organ  and  pf. 

Waring,  William,  musician  of  latter 
part  of  18th  century.  Translator  of  Rous- 
seau's "  Dictiounaire  of  Musique  "  as  com- 
plete  Dictionary   of   Music,   consisting  of   a 


WARNER. 

copious  explanation  of  all  words  necessarj^  to 
a  true  knowledge  and  understanding  of  music, 
translated  from  the  original  French  of  J.  J. 
Rousseau,"  London,  1770;  2nd  edition  [1779]. 

Warman,  John  Watson,  organist  and 
writer,  born  at  Canterbury,  August  12,  1842. 
Son  of  a  private  schoolmaster,  and  descended 
from  a  family  of  French  Huguenot  refugees. 
Received  a  few  lessons  from  Dr.  Longhurst, 
and  E.  H.  Thorne,  otherwise  self-educated  in 
music.  Articled  to  organ  building  about 
1858.  Was  assistant  organist  at  Ashford 
Church,  Kent,  1862 ;  organist  at  Hunton 
Bridge,  near  Watford,  1865 ;  afterwards  at 
Faringdon,  Berks.,  and  Hove,  Sussex.  Went 
to  Quebec  in  1872  as  organist  of  the  Anglican 
Cathedral  there,  but  returned  at  the  end  of  a 
year.  He  then,  for  the  purpose  of  acquiring 
practical  knowledge,  worked  for  some  months 
as  an  ordinary  journeyman  at  Hill's  organ 
factory,  London.  Returned  to  Canterbury  in 
1877,  and  was  sometime  local  examiner  for 
R.C.M.  In  1887  he  removed  to  Thornton 
Heath,  Croj-don,  where  he  is  giving  himseK 
up  entirely  to  literary  work.  Author  of  a 
series  of  papers  on  Counterpoint,  published  in 
Musical  Opinion,  vols.  v.  and  vi.,  and  other 
contributions  to  various  periodicals.  The 
Organ,  its  compass,  etc.,  London,  Wm.  Reeves, 
1884.  Now  engaged  on  a  large  bibliography 
of  organ,  structural,  musical,  and  mechanical 
works  allied.  He  has  composed  a  few  hymn 
tunes,  chants,  etc. 

Warne,  Qeorge,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  in  1792.  He  was  blind,  but  for  a 
number  of  years  held  the  appointment  of 
organist  at  the  Temple  Church,  London. 
Died  at  Bath,  October  29,  1868. 

Works. — Set  of  psalm  tunes,  as  sung  at  the 
Temple  Church,  London  [1838] .  Songs : 
Broken  gold  ;  Come  away  to  the  grot ;  Even- 
ing song ;  0  bring  me  my  harp ;  We  meet 
again  in  heaven.  Quadrilles,  galops,  and 
other  music  for  the  pf. 

Warner,  Daniel,  musician,  who  was  a 
singing  master  at  the  end  of  the  17th  and 
beginning  of  the  18th  centuries.  Compiler  of 
the  "  Devout  Singer's  Guide,  containing  all 
the  common  tunes  now  in  use,  with  select 
portions  of  the  psalms  adapted  to  each  tune," 
London,  1711.  "  Singing  Master's  Guide," 
1719.  The  "  Devout  Singer's  Guide "  is 
recommended  by  Warner,  so  he  may  not  have 
actually  compiled  it. 

Warner,  Harry  Ernest,  organist,  pianist 
and  composer,  born  at  Isleworth,  Middlesex, 
July  1,  1859.  Received  his  first  lesson  fi"om 
the  organist  of  the  Parish  Church,  whose 
deputy  he  became  at  the  age  of  fourteen. 
Later,  he  studied  with  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hayden, 
M.A.,  and  when  eighteen  was  appointed 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  Brentford  Parish 
Church,  which  he  left  seven  years  later  for  the 

C2 


434 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WARREN. 

Royal  Church,  Kew,  where  he  is  still  in  office. 
Honorary  local  examiner  for  R.C.M.  Though 
husily  engaged  in  concerts  and  teaching,  he 
has  found  time  for  composition,  and  his 
works  include  two  Cantatas  for  female  voices, 
"Merry  May"  (1891),  and  "The  Golden 
Valley  "  (1893).  Also  anthems,  O  God  have 
mercy  ;  If  yc  love  me  ;  hymn  tunes,  part- 
songs,  seventeen  part-songs  for  female  voices, 
etc. — "La  Felicite,"  orchestra;  Air  de  hallet, 
string  quartet ;  Romance  in  D,  pf .  and  strings ; 
Royal  Bridal  March,  military  band  ;  Reverie, 
for  violin,  harp,  pf.,  and  organ;  pieces  for 
violin  and  pf.,  and  pf.  solo,  etc.,  etc. 

Warren,  Ambrose,  author  of  "The  Ton- 
ometer, explaining  and  demonstrating  by  an 
easy  method  in  numbers  and  proportions,  all 
the  32  distinct  and  different  notes,  adjuncts, 
or  supplements  contained  in  each  of  four 
octives  inclusive  of  the  gamut.."  London, 
1725. 

Warren,  Edmund  Thomas,  music-pub- 
lisher and  collector,  was  born  about  1730. 
He  was  engaged  in  business  in  London  and 
acted  as  Secretary  of  the  Catch  Club.  He 
died  in  1794.  Editor  of  "Reliques  of  ancient 
music,"  and  "  Vocal  Harmony,"  a  collection 
of  catches  and  glees,  issued  in  parts. 

Warren,  Joseph,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  London,  March  20,  1804.  He  studied 
music  under  J.  Stone,  and  from  1843  was 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  St.  Mary's  Roman 
Catholic  Chapel,  Chelsea.  He  died  at  Bexley, 
Kent,  March  8,  1881. 

Works. — Selection  of  Cathedral  Chants 
[1840] .  Selection  of  one  hundred  chants, 
London,  1845.  RepertoriumMusicse  Antiquse, 
London,  1848  (with  John  Bishop).  Collection 
of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,  1850-54,  4  vols. 
Hymns  and  canticles,  1852.  The  burial  service 
as  performed  at  the  funeral  of  the  Duke  of 
Wellington.  .London,  1853.  Hymns  of  Joh. 
Sebastian  Bach,  London,  n.d.  Theoretical, 
etc.  :  Hints  to  young  organists,  London,  1844. 
Biographical  dictionary  of  deceased  musicians, 
London,  1845  and  later  editions.  Chanter's 
hand-guide,  London,  1845.  Hints  to  young 
composers,  London,  1846.  Writing  for  the 
orchestra,  184G.  Instruction  book  for  the 
organ,  London,  n.d.  Instructions  for  the 
harmonium,  London,  1852.  Complete  instruc- 
tions for  the  concertina  [1855] .  Introduction 
and  observations  on  the  mode  of  singing 
catches,  rounds,  canons,  glees,  and  madrigals, 
London,  n.d.  Most  of  these  works  were 
published  in  various  editions,  chiefly  by  R. 
Cocks  and  Co. 

Warren,  Samuel  P.,  organist  and  pianist, 
born  at  INIontreal,  Canada,  February  18,  1841. 
Sou  of  S.  R.  Warren,  organ  builder  (died, 
Toronto,  1882).  Studied  locally,  and  was 
organist  at  a  church  in  Montreal,  1853-61. 
Then    went    to    Berlin    and  studied    under 


WARWICK. 

Haupt,  G.  Schumann,  Wieprecht,  and  others, 
1861-4.  Returned  to  America  in  1864,  and 
the  next  year  became  organist  of  All  Souls' 
Church,  New  York.  From  1874  he  was 
organist  of  Holy  Trinity,  New  York,  for  two 
years,  his  latest  appointment  being  at  Grace 
Church  in  that  city.  For  a  number  of  years 
he  has  given  a  series  of  organ  recitals, 
embracing  the  entire  literature  for  the  instru- 
ment. He  is  also  known  as  an  excellent 
pianist.  His  compositions  consist  of  church 
services,  anthems,  and  songs. 

Warren,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  the  latter  part  of  the  18th 
century.  He  was  oi-ganist  of  Christ  Church 
Cathedral,  Dublin,  1814,  and  graduated  IMus. 
Doc,  Dublin.  Died  at  Dublin  in  July,  1841. 
Composer  of  a  prize  glee,  "  Shepherds,  hither 
come,"  1802,  and  others. 

Warriner,  John,  organist,  pianist,  and 
writer,  born  at  Bourton,  Shropshire,  IMay  12, 
1858.  Pupil  of  Chevalier  de  Val  (Brussels), 
and  G.  Riseley.  Organist  of  Dunster  Parish 
Church,  1880,  and  concurrently,  1884-7,  of 
St.  Andrew's,  and  the  Parish  Church,  Mine- 
head.  Conductor  of  Dunster  Philharmonic 
Society,  which  gave  some  excellent  concerts 
with  orchestra ;  and  organ  recitalist.  Grad- 
uated Mus.  Bac,  1887;  Mus.  Doc,  1892, 
Dublin.  In  1887  he  was  appointed  to  St. 
Matthew's,  Denmark  Hill,  London,  where  he 
introduced  oratorio  serivces  as  he  had  done  at 
Dunster.  Conductor  of  Walthamstow  Musi- 
cal Society,  1893.  Professor  of  pf.,  T.C.L., 
1890,  and  examiner  there,  1894.  His  com- 
positions are,  Psalm  30,  for  soli,  five-part 
chorus,  organ,  and  strings;  Psalm  13,  for  soli, 
eight-part  chorus  and  orchestra ;  and  orches- 
tral works  in  MS.  He  has  published  some 
church  music,  and  pieces  for  organ,  pf.,  etc. 
Author  of  a  primer  on  Transposition,  Novello  ; 
Editor  cf  National  Portrait  Gallery  of  British 
IMusicians,  Sampson  Low,  1896.  Editor  for 
two  years  of  The  Minivi. 

Warrington,  Frederick,  bass  vocalist, 
of  Toronto,  Canada,  has  sung  at  the  leading 
concerts  in  the  Dominion.  He  took  part  in 
the  first  festival  held  at  Toronto,  in  June, 
1886 ;  sang  in  the  Jubilee  performance  of 
"Elijah,"  Toronto,  November  28,  1896;  and 
has  a  good  reputation  as  a  vocalist,  and  choir 
trainer. 

Warwick,  Giulia,  soprano  vocalist,  pupil 
of  Madame  Sainton-Dolby.  Sang  at  concerts 
in  London,  and  on  tour  with  Wilhelmj,  in 
1877.  Was  a  member  of  the  Carl  Rosa  Opera 
Company,  1879-82 ;  and  later,  sang  in  comic 
opera.  Formed  a  company  of  her  own,  and 
produced,  for  the  first  time,  an  English  ver- 
sion of  Vasseur's  "  INIadame  Cartouche,"  at 
Leicester,  September,  1891.  In  1894  she  was 
appointed  professor  of  deportment,  etc.,  at 
the  Guildhall  School  of  Music ;  and  in  1896, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


435 


WARWICK. 

professor  of  singing,  succeeding  her  sister, 
Alexandra  Ehrenberg,  who  died  September 
2,  1896.  She  was  a  contralto  singer,  educated 
at  the  R.A.M.,  of  which  she  was  an  Associate. 
For  some  years  she  sang  in  oratorio  and  other 
concerts  in  London,  and  the  provinces,  appear- 
ing at  the  Crystal  Palace  in  1883.  In  1891 
she  was  appointed  a  professor  of  singing  at 
the  Guildhall  School.  She  died  at  the  early 
age  of  thirty-three. 

Warwick,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser of  17th  century.  In  1625  he  was  lutenist 
to  Charles  I.,  and  in  the  same  year  succeeded 
Orlando  Gibbons  as  organist  of  the  Chapel 
Royal.  He  died  sometime  after  1641.  His 
son,  Sir  Philip  Warwick,  was  secretary  to  the 
Treasury  in  the  time  of  Charles  II.  Composer 
of  a  song  in  40  parts,  said  to  have  been 
performed  in  16.35. 

Wass,  John,  composer,  born  in  1800; 
died  at  London,  in  July,  1865.  He  was  a 
teacher  of  singing  in  London.  Composer  of 
"  The  Foresters'  Roundelay,"  a  cantata,  1863  ; 
Part-songs.  Songs  :  Flower  spirit  ;  Good 
night  to  thee,  etc.  Pf.  music.  British  Navy 
quadrilles,  etc.  Finger  exercises  for  the  pf., 
1843.  Author  of  "  Boosey's  Universal  Singing 
-Method,"  London  [1855]. 

Waterhouse,  George,  organist  and  com- 
poser of  the  latter  half  of  the  16th  century. 
He  was  organist  of  Lincoln  Cathedral,  and 
afterwards  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  private 
chapel.  In  1592  he  graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford.  He  died  in  1601.  Composer  of 
canons,  etc.,  none  of  which  are  known  to  be 
extant. 

Waterson,  James,  bandmaster,  was  a 
pupil  of  James  Waddell,  and  succeeded  him 
as  bandmaster  of  the  1st  Life  Guards  in  1876. 
After  his  retirement  from  that  post  he  was 
appointed  conductor  of  the  band  of  the  Viceroy 
of  India.  He  arranged  a  great  deal  of  music 
for  military  bands ;  was  the  composer  of  a 
dramatic  overture,  founded  upon  the  "  Tale 
of  Two  Cities,"  by  Charles  Dickens,  produced, 
Alexandra  Palace,  February  19,  1876 ;  a 
quintet  for  wind  instruments,  etc.  He  was 
one  of  the  joint  editors  of  the  B?-itish  Bands- 
man when  it  started,  October,  1887.  He  died, 
October,  1893,  and  was  buried  in  Windsor 
Cemetery  on  the  13th. 

Waterworth,  Robert,  musician,  who 
published  "  Original  selection  of  Psalm  and 
Hymn  tunes,  chants,  and  responses,"  Halifax 
[1852]. 

Watlen,  John,  musician  of  the  latter 
part  of  last  and  early  part  of  the  present 
century.  He  seems  to  have  been  originally 
in  the  navy,  but  afterwards  became  an  assist- 
ant toCorri  and  Co.,  music-sellers, Edinburgh,, 
previous  to  1788.  He  next  commenced  busi- 
ness as  a  tuner,  teacher,  and  music-seller,  on 
his  own  account  in  the  North  Bridge,  Edin- 


WATSON. 

burgh,  bat  failed  in  1798,  and  subsequently 
went  to  London  and  started  business  in 
Leicester  Place,  Leicester  Square.  He  was 
the  first  secretary  of  the  Edinburgh  Musical 
Fund,  established  in  1790.  Compiler  of 
"  Celebrated  circus  tunes,  performed  at  Edin- 
burgh . .  with  the  addition  of  some  new  reels 
and  strathspeys,  set  for  the  pianoforte  or 
violin  and  bass,"  Edinburgh,  n.d.  [1791].  He 
also  issued  a  "  Collection  of  old  Scots  songs," 
1793,  published  in  12  parts  ;  "  Watlen's  Com- 
plete collection  of  Scots  songs,  plain  and 
simple,  without  being  Italianized  in  the  least 
..,"  1796.  Watlen  altered  a  reel  of  Robert 
Petrie's  to  form  the  melody  usually  sung  to 
Burns'  song,  "  Comin'  thro'  the  Rye."  His 
compositions  include  Lord's  Prayer,  anthem  ; 
Anna,  song ;  Sonata  for  pf .  or  harpsichord 
and  violin,  Edinburgh  [1798]  ;  Grand  sonata 
for  pf.  and  violin,  op.  9,  London  [1800]  ; 
Edinburgh,  grand  luarch  for  pf. ;  Glorious 
battle  of  Trafalgar,   pf.   (1805),  etc. 

Watson,  Alfred  Reuben,  violinist,  com- 
poser, and  conductor,  born  at  Nottingham, 
July  22,  1845.  Studied  under  T.  Leeson 
Selby,  and  the  late  Henry  Farmer.  Joined 
the  orchestra  of  the  Theatre  Royal,  Notting- 
ham, in  1871,  and  in  1876  succeeded  Mr. 
Leverton  as  musical  director,  a  position  he 
retained  until  1888.  During  that  period  he 
composed  and  arranged  the  whole  of  the 
music  for  the  pantomimes  produced  there. 
He  conducted  the  first  fortnight's  perform- 
ances of  Byron's  "  Sardanapalus,"  when  it 
was  produced  at  the  Old  Duke's  Theatre, 
London,  1878,  and  conducted  the  concerts  at 
Woodhall  Spa,  Lincolnshire,  1891-2-3.  His 
principal  composition  is  a  comic  opera, 
"Geraldine"  (libretto  by  Edgar  Wyatt), 
which  was  produced  at  Nottinghani,  Septem- 
ber 5, 1887,  and  which  met  with  much  success 
at  Brighton,  Birmingham,  Dublin,  and  else- 
where during  the  following  year.  He  has 
also  written  music  to  various  plays;  for  the 
]\Ianchester  Theatre  Royal  Pantomime,  1889  ; 
a  great  number  of  pieces  for  violin  and  pf., 
and  some  church  music. 

Watson,  Henry,  organist,  pianist,  com- 
poser, and  conductor,  born  at  Burnley,  Lau- 
,  cashire,  April  30,  1846.  Studied  music 
privately.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1882  ;  Mus. 
Doc,  1887,  Cambridge.  Has  held  several 
organ  appointments,  the  last  being  at  the 
Congregational  Church,  Withington,  Man- 
chester. Established  in  1867  (with  Henry 
Wilson),  the  Manchester  Vocal  Union,  and 
on  the  death  of  Mr.  Wilson  in  1885,  became 
conductor.  He  is  also  conductor  of  the  ^lan- 
chester  AtheuiBum  Musical  Society  ;  Gentle- 
men's Glee  Club ;  and  societies  at  Stretford 
and  Stockport ;  and  conductor  of  the  Choral 
class  at  the  Manchester  Royal  College  of 
Music. 


436 


BRlTfsH 


MUSICA] 


RAJ 


WATSON. 

His  works  include  Psalm  103,  for  soli, 
chorus,  and  strings ;  cantata,  The  deliverance 
of  Israel,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra.  Also 
an  opera,  Fair  Rosine,  Manchester,  1882 ;  A 
Shakesperian  cantata,  1890  ;  Music  to  Antony 
and  Cleopatra  (for  Louis  Calvert,  ^Manchester, 
18'J7) ;  Part-songs,  songs,  etc. 

Watson,  James,  amateur  composer,  born 
at  Glasgow,  June  10,  181C.  He  identified 
himself  with  the  Free  Church  movement  in 
Scotland,  and  in  1845  he  entered  the  firm  of 
Nisbet  and  Co.,  publishers,  London,  as  a 
partner.  He  died  at  London,  September  1, 
1880.  He  aided  in  the  compilation  of  "  Psalms 
and  Hymns  for  Divine  worship,"  18G7  ;  and 
composed  the  hymn  tune  "  Holj-rood," 
generally  included  in  Scottish  collections. 

Watson,  John,  composer  and  pianist  of 
latter  part  of  ISth  and  beginning  of  19th 
centuries.  He  was  composer  to  Covent 
Garden  Theati-e,  London. 

Works. — Pride  shall  have  a  fall,  musical 
comedy  by  G.  Croly,  Covent  Garden,  1824. 
Musical  ^loralist,  containing  a  collection  of 
songs  and  hymns.  .London  [1805].  Royal 
Psalmist,  or  sacred  melodies.  .London  [1825]. 
Six  favourite  dances,  pf.  Songs  and  instru- 
mental music. 

Watson,  Thomas,  poet  and  musician  of 
the  16th  century.  He  died  in  1592.  Composer 
of  "The  first  sett  of  Italian  madrigals  Eng- 
lished, not  to  the  sense  of  the  original  dittie, 
but  after  the  affection  of  the  noate,"  London, 
1590. 

Watson,  William  Michael,  composer 
and  poet,  i)orn  at  Newcastlc-ou-Tyne,  July 
31,  1840.  He  originally  studied  painting  at 
Leigh's  School,  London,  along  with  Fred. 
Walker,  H.  S.  ISIarks,  and  others,  but  in  1860 
he  adopted  music  as  his  profession.  In  1883 
he  established  the  West  End  School  of  Music 
at  London.  He  died  at  East  Dulwich,  Lon- 
don, October  3,  1889. 

Works. — Aladdin,  cantata,  1885.  Songs  : 
Afloat ;  Anchored  ;  Blush  rose  ;  My  country 
calls  me  ;  Powder  monkey  (1881) ;  Quaker's 
daughter  ;  Somebody's  pride  ;  Talisman  ; 
Winter  story,  etc.  Part-songs  and  pf.  music. 
He  composed  under  the  pseudonym  of  Jiiles 
Favrc. 

Watts,  John,  organist  and  composer,  was 
born  in  1780.  Teacher  and  arranger  of  music 
in  London.  Died  in  Lambeth,  London,  Octo- 
ber 16,  1854.  He  arranged  Handel's  48  over- 
tures for  pf.  or  organ  [1824] ;  Mozart's  quartets 
for  pf.,  and  edited  much  instrumental  music 
of  various  kinds. 

Watts,  Joseph  Virgo,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Wotton-under-Edge,  Gloucester, 
June  27, 1822.  He  studied  music  under  Hul- 
j  lab,  ^lainzer,  and  G.  W.  ^lartin.  Subsequently 
he  became  organist  at  Chromhall,  Lydney,  and 
33erkeley,  all  in   Gloucestershire ;    then   held 


WEBB. 

appointments  successively  at  Midsomernorton 
(Somerset) ;  Box  Parish  Church  (Wilts.) ;  All 
Saints' Chapel,  Bath ;  Kensington,  etc.  After- 
wards he  became  choir-master  of  the  Abbey 
Church,  Bath,  from  which  he  retired  in  1885. 
He  composed  some  church  music,  and  pub- 
lished "  Original  Hymn-Tunes,  chants,  kyries, 
and  chant  services,"  1876. 

Watts,  Thomas  Isaac,  organist  and  com- 
poser. Studied  at  R.A.M.  Graduated  Mus. 
Bac,  1886;  B.A.,  1887;  M.A.,  1891,  Cam- 
bridge. F.R.C.O.  He  was  Choral  Scholar  of 
Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  1884-7 ;  and  in 
1887  was  appointed  organist,  choir-master, 
and  assistant  master.  Trinity  College,  Glenal- 
mond,  N.B.,  where  he  still  remains.  His 
compositions  are :  Ps.  19,  for  tenor  solo,  chorus, 
and  strings ;  Ode,  The  Ages  of  Almond,  written 
for  the  50th  anniversary  of  the  foundation  of 
Trinity  College,  Glenalmond,  1892 ;  an  even- 
ing service,  hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Waud,  John  Haydn,  contrabassist  and 
violoncellist,  born  in  London,  March  9,  1848 ; 
Principal  double-bass  at  the  Alexandra  Palace, 
1876 ;  of  the  Glasgow  Choral  Union  orchestra 
for  mauj'  years ;  and  member  of  the  Philhar- 
monic and  Provincial  Festival  orchestras; 
principal  double-bass,  Birmingham  Festival, 
from  1891.  Musical  director  at  the  Garrick 
Theatre,  and  professor  at  G.S.M.  Author  of 
a  Progressive  Tutor  for  the  Double-Bass,  Lon- 
don, Augener,  1895. 

Waylett,  Mrs.  Harriett,  bom  Cooke, 
soprano  vocalist,  was  born  at  Bath,  February 
7,  1800.  She  studied  under  Loder,  and  first 
appeared  at  Bath  in  1816.  In  1819  she  mar- 
ried a  ;Mr.  Waylett,  but  separated  from  him 
in  1822.  She  afterwards  married  Geo.  Alex. 
Lee,  the  composer.  She  first  appeared  in 
London  in  1820;  at  Dublin  in  1826;  and  she 
afterwards  sang  at  all  the  principal  London 
and  provincial  concerts.  She  died  at  London, 
April  26,  1851. 

Weale,  William,  or  Wheall,  organist  and 
composer,  was  organist  of  St.  Paul's,  Bedford, 
from  about  1715.  Mus.  Bac.  Cantab.,  1719. 
He  died  at  Bedford  in  August  or  September, 
1727.  Composer  of  the  psalm  tune  "  Bedford," 
etc. 

Weatherly,  Frederic  E.,  poet  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Portishcad  in  1848.  Educated 
at  Oxford  and  graduated  B.A.,  1871 ;  M.A., 
1874.  Tutor  in  Oxford.  Best  known  as 
author  of  many  of  the  most  popular  songs, 
cantatas,  etc.  of  the  present  day.  He  has 
himself  composed  a  number  of  songs,  chiefly 
to  his  own  words. 

Webb,  Daniel,  author  and  musician,  born 
at  Taunton  in  1735.  Died  at  Bath,  August  2, 
1815.  Author  of  "  Observations  on  the  Cor- 
respondence between  Poetry  and  JIusic," 
London,  1769  (Anon).  Peprinted  in  his 
"MisceUanies,"  1802. 


tfc 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


487 


WEBB. 

Webb,  F.  Gilbert,  organist,  composer, 
and  critic.  Studied  under  H.  P.  Frost.  Has 
been  for  some  years  organist  of  St.  Luke's, 
Brompton,  London.  Is  chiefly  devoted  to 
musical  literature,  and  has  read  papers  before 
the  ^Musical  Association,  etc.,  contributed  to 
the  Musical  World  and  other  periodicals ;  and 
is  much  associated  with  musical  criticism. 
He  has  composed  church  music,  songs,  pieces 
for  violin  and  pf.,  etc. 

Webb,  Francis,  author  of  "Panharmoni- 
con,  an  illustration  of  an  engraved  plate,  in 
which  is  attempted  to  be  proved  that  the 
principles  of  Harmony  more  or  less  prevail 
throughout  the  whole  system  of  nature,  but 
more  especially  in  the  human  frame,"  London 
[1815] . 

Webb,  George  James,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Rushmore  Lodge,  near  Salis- 
bury, June  24,  1803.  He  was  taught  music 
by  Alex.  Lucas,  of  Salisbury,  and  afterwards 
became  organist  at  Falmouth,  but  resigned 
in  1830,  when  he  went  to  the  United  States. 
He  was  appointed  organist  of  the  Old  South 
Church,  Boston,  Mass.,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  musical  life  of  that  city,  being 
_president  of  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society 
in  1840.  In  1870,  he  went  to  Orange,  New 
Jersey,  and  from  1876,  resided  in  New  York 
as  a  teacher.  He  returned  to  Orange  in  1885, 
and  died  there,  October  7,  1887.  Author  of 
"Vocal  Technics,"  Boston,  n.d.,  and  "Voice 
Culture,"  with  C.  G.  Allen ;  and  editor  of 
*'  Young  Ladies'  Vocal  Class  Book,"  Boston, 
1853;  "Glee  Hive"  (with  L.  Mason);  "The 
Odeon,"  1840 ;  "  New  Odeon  "  (with  L.  Mason) ; 
"  Cantica  Laudis"  (with  Mason),  New  York, 
1850.  He  composed  a  number  of  anthems, 
the  well-known  hymn,  "  IMorning  Light,"  etc. 

Webb,  Rev.  Richard,  M.A.,  clergyman 
and  musician,  was  a  minor  canon  of  St. 
Paul's,  London.  He  died  near  Windsor, 
April  13,  1829.  Published  "A  Collection  of 
Madrigals  for  3,  4,  5,  and  6  voices,  selected 
from  the  works  of  the  most  eminent  composers 
of  the  15th  and  16th  centuries,"  London, 
1808.  Collection  of  Madrigals  for  3,  4,  and  5 
voices,  London,  1814.  Composer  of  a  Set  of 
four  Glees  for  3  voices,  London,  n.d. 

Webb,  William,  organist  and  composer 
of  18th  century,  who  was  choirmaster  and 
organist  of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor. 
He  died  in  1788,  from  loss  of  blood,  after 
undergoing  an  operation  for  removal  of  a  wen 
in  the  nostril.  He  was  nearly  seventy  years 
of  age. 

Webbe,  Samuel,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  at  Minorca,  in  the  Balearic  Islands, 
in  1740.  His  father  was  a  government  official 
there.  He  was  principally  self-taught  in 
music,  but  he  had  some  lessons  from  Charles 
Barbandt.  He  married  in  1763.  Chapel- 
master  in  Portuguese  Chapel,  London,  1776. 


WEBSTER. 

Secretarj'  to  Noblemen  and  Gentlemen's  Catch 
Club,  1794.  He  died  in  London,  May  25, 
1816,  and  is  buried  in  the  Roman  Catholic 
part  of  old  St.  Pancras  churchj-ard. 

Works. — A  Collection  of  Sacred  Music,  as 
used  in  the  Chapel  of  the  King  of  Sardinia  in 
London,  London,  n.d.  A  Collection  of  Masses, 
with  an  accompaniment  for  the  organ .... 
London,  1792.  A  Collection  of  Motetts  or 
Antiphons,  for  1,  2,  3,  and  4  voices,  London, 
1792.  Eight  Anthems  by  Samuel  Webbe,  the 
organ  parts  by  V.  Novello,  London,  n.d.  A 
Collection  of  original  Psalm  Tunes  for  3  and 
4  voices,  by  S.  Webbe,  Senior  and  Junior, 
London.  Glees  :  A  Selection  of  Glees,  Duets, 
Canzonets,  etc.,  published  at  different  periods 
from  the  year  1764,  to  which  are  added  many 
new  glees  and  canzonets  never  before  pub- 
lished, London,  3  vols.  A  Collection  of 
Catches,  Canons,  and  Glees,  London,  9  vols. 
Six  original  Glees,  London,  1840.  Single 
Glees  :  Breathe  soft,  ye  winds ;  Cecilia,  more 
than  all  the  muses  skilled ;  Come  live  with 
me  ;  Come,  rosy  health  ;  Discord,  dire  sister, 
1771 ;  Glorious  Apollo  ;  Great  Apollo,  strike 
the  lyre ;  Great  Bacchus,  0  aid  vis  ;  Hence, 
all  ye  vain  delights  ;  Hail,  star  of  Brunswick ; 
Mighty  conqireror  of  hearts,  1775 ;  Swiftly 
from  the  mountain's  brow,  1788  ;  Thy  voice,  O 
harmony ;  When  winds  breathe  soft.  Those 
dated  are  prize  glees.  Duets,  songs.  Con- 
certo for  harpsichord.  Pf.  music,  and  other 
works.  The  well-known  hymn  tunes,  "  Mel- 
combe,"  and  "  Benevento,"  are  by  him. 

Webbe,  Samuel,  Junr.,  composer,  wri- 
ter, and  organist,  son  of  the  above,  born  at 
London  in  1770.  He  studied  under  his  father 
and  Clementi.  Organist  successively  of  the 
Unitarian  Church,  Paradise  Street,  Liverpool ; 
Spanish  Ambassador's  Chaj)el,  London ;  St. 
Nicholas'  Church,  and  St.  Patrick's  R.  C. 
Chapel,  Liverpool.  He  died  at  Hammersmith, 
London,  November  25,  1843. 

Works. — Collection  of  Psalm  Tunes,  inter- 
mixed with  airs  adapted  as  such,  iir  four 
voices,  London,  1808.  Glees,  duets,  etc. 
Convito  Armonico,  a  collection  of  madrigals, 
elegies,  glees,  canons,  catches,  and  duets, 
selected  from  the  works  of  the  most  eminent 
composers,  London,  4  vols.,  n.d.  L'Amico 
del  Principiante,  being  28  short  sol-faing  exer- 
cises for  a  single  voice,  London,  n.d. ;  2nd 
edition  edited  by  J.  B.  Sale.  42  Vocal  Exer- 
cises, .n.d.  Short  exercises  for  young  singers 
..n.d.  Harmony  epitomised,  or  elements  of 
the  thoroughbass,  London,  n.d. 

His  son,  Egertos  Webbe  (born  Liverpool, 
1810;  died  there  June  24,  1840),  wrote  many 
valuable  papers  on  music  for  the  early  num- 
bers of  the  Musical  World. 

Webster,  Clarinda  Augusta,  pianist, 
born  in  London.  Daughter  of  the  late  Robert 
Thomson,  M.R.C.S.,  L.D.S.,  of  London.    She 


438 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WEBSTER. 

was  musically  educated  in  Loudon,  and  went 
to  reside  in  Scotland  after  her  marriage.  In 
1860  she  established  the  Aberdeen  Music 
School,  and  gave  herself  up  to  the  work  of 
musical  education.  As  the  outcome  of  her 
theoretical  teaching  she  published  the 
"Groundwork  of  Music,"  two  books;  and  the 
"Child's  Primer  of  the  Theory  of  Music," 
Novello.  Author  of  "Handel:  an  outline  of 
his  Life,"  and  lecturer  on  Piano  Technic. 
Mrs.  Webster  is  now  resident  in  London,  but 
is  still  Principal  of  the  Aberdeen  School, 
which  she  frequently  visits.  She  is  a  Licen- 
tiate of  the  R.A.JL  for  pf.,  as  professor  and 
teacher. 

Webster,  Richard,  composer  and  teacher, 
was  born  at  Huntley,  Gloucestershire,  in  1783. 
He  was  a  teacher  and  pianist  in  Glasgow, 
where  he  died,  on  December  26,  1848.  Com- 
poser of  various  glees,  songs,  etc.,  some  of 
which  are  contained  in  "  Lyric  gems  of 
Scotland."  His  best  known  song  is  "  Bonnie 
Jeanie  Gray."  "  Oh,  not  upon  so  cold  a 
shrine,"  another  song,  is  contained  in  "  The 
Western  Garland,"  1832.  He  composed  some 
instrumental  music.  Introduction  and  polo- 
naise rondo,  for  pf.,  op.  1,  etc. 

Weekes,  Samuel,  organist,  pianist,  and 
teacher.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  and  elected  an 
Associate.  Graduated  IMus.  Bac,  Cambridge, 
1873;  Mus.  Doc,  Dublin,  189G.  F.R.C.O. 
Organist  of  St.  Peter's,  Hammersmith,  1861-2  ; 
Baptist  Church,  Plymouth,  1876,  to  present 
time.  Conductor  of  Plymouth  Choral  and 
Orchestral  Society ;  Principal  of  ]\Iusic  School, 
Stoke,  Devonport.  Author  of  a  Chora!  primer, 
and  Questions  on  Acoustics.  Compositions  : 
Cantata,  Bless  the  Lord,  for  soli,  chorus,  and 
orchestra  ;  Hymn  tunes,  songs,  pf.  pieces,  etc. 

Weelkes,  Thomas,  organist  and  com- 
poser of  latter  part  of  the  16th  and  early  part 
of  the  17th  centuries.  Very  little  is  known 
about  his  biography.  In  1600  he  was  organist 
of  Winchester  College  ;  in  1602  he  graduated 
Mus.  Bac.  at  Oxford,  and  in  1608  he  was 
organist  of  Chichester  Cathedral.  Neither 
his  birth  or  death  dates  seem  to  have  been 
preserved. 

.  Works. — Madrigals  to  3,  4,  5,  and  6  voyces, 
London.  1.597;  also  edited  by  E.  J.  Hopkins 
for  the  Musical  Antiquarian  Society,  London, 
1843.  Ballets  and  madrigals  to  five  voyces, 
with  one  to  six  voyces,  1598.  Madrigals  of 
five  and  six  parts,  apt  for  viols  and  voices, 
1600.  ]\Iadrigals  of  six  parts,  apt  for  the  viols 
and  voices,  London,  1600.  Ayres  or  phan- 
tasticke  spirites  for  3  voices,  with  a  song, 
a  remembrance  of  my  friend  Mr.  Thomas 
Morley,  for  6  voices,  London,  1608,  3  parts. 
Contributions  in  Leighton's  "  Teares  "  ;  An- 
thems, etc.,  in  the  collections  of  Clifford  and 
Rimbault ;  MS.  ^lusic  in  British  Museum, 
etc. 


WELDON. 

Weichsell,  Elizabeth,  see  Billington, 

Elizabeth. 

Weir,  John,  musician  of  first  part  of 
present  century,  who  was  a  teacher  of  music 
in  Glasgow.  Compiler  of  "  A  Collection  of 
Psalm  tunes  and  Anthems,"  Glasgow,  n.d. 

Weiss,  Wiiloughby  Hunter,  bass  singer 
and  composer,  born  at  Liverpool,  April  2, 1820. 
He  gave  his  first  concert  at  Liverpool,  May  5, 
1842.  His  first  stage  appearance  was  as  Count 
Rodolfo,in  "La  Sonnambula,"  at  the  Princess' 
Theatre,  1843 ;  and  he  was  for  years  a  member 
of  the  Pyne  and  Harri.son  company.  He  was 
heard  in  the  title  part,  in  "  Elijah,"  at  the 
Birmingham  Festival,  1867.  As  a  vocalist  he 
had  a  great  reputation.  He  died  at  London, 
October  24,  1867.  Composer  of  many  songs, 
among  which  may  be  named:  —  Autumn 
leaves ;  Bowmen  of  old  England  ;  Chimes  of 
England  ;  Crossing  the  moor ;  Fisherman's 
cottige;  Gleaner;  The  ice,  the  ice!;  Knight's 
vigil ;  Let  me  be  near  thee ;  Mid  watch ; 
Mower;  O  salutaris  hostia;  Rolling  home 
across  the  sea ;  Shipwreck ;  Twenty  years 
ago;  Village  blacksmith  (Longfellow)  [1858]; 
Watcher  by  the  sea  ;  Wreck  of  the  Hesperus; 
Wreck  of  the  homeward  bound,  etc.  He  was 
married  to  Geoegixa  Ansell  Barrett,  a 
soprano  vocalist,  who  was  born  at  Gloucester 
in  1826,  and  died  at  Brighton,  November  6, 
1880. 

Welch,  John  Bacon,  teacher  of  singing, 
born  at  Pattishill  Vicarage,  Northampton, 
December  26,  1839.  Studied  in  London,  and 
in  1861  went  to  Milan,  where  he  placed  him- 
self under  Gaetano  Nava.  His  voice  was  a 
baritone,  and  he  sang  in  public  for  a  short 
time.  It  was  as  a  teacher,  however,  that  he 
excelled.  He  was  a  professor  at  the  G.S.M., 
and  had  manj'  private  pupils,  among  the 
most  distinguised  being  Miss  Anna  Williams, 
Miss  Annie  INIarriott,  IMessrs.  Bridson,  Brere- 
ton,  and  others.  He  gave  concerts  at  Princes' 
Hall,  1887,  etc.  He  died  in  London,  Julj'  1, 
1887,  and  was  buried  in  Highgate  Cemetery. 

Weldon,  Georgina,  bom  Treherne, 
sopra7io  vocalist  and  writer,  born  in  London, 
May  24,  1837.  She  studied  under  her  mother 
and  Jules  de  Glimes,  and  gave  concerts  in 
Canada,  and  afterwards  in  London.  She 
organized  a  training  school  for  vocalists  in 
1871,  and  lectured  and  sang  in  Birmingham 
and  elsewhere,  1882-1886;  but  for  a  number 
of  years  past  she  has  not  been  professionally 
connected  with  music.  Author  of  "  Musical 
reform,"  London,  1872;  "Hints  for  pronun- 
ciation in  singing,  with  proposals  for  a 
self-supporting  academy."  London,  1872. 
"Autobiographic  de  Ch.  Gounod.."  Lon- 
don, n.d. 

Weldon,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Chichester,  January  19,  1676.  He 
studied  under  John  Walton,  of  Eton  College, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


439 


WELLINGS. 

and  H.  Purcell.  Organist  of  New  College, 
Oxford,  1694.  Gentleman  extraordinary  of 
Chapel  Royal,  June  6,  1701.  Organist  of 
Chapel  Royal,  1708.  Second  composer  to 
Chapel  Royal,  1715.  Organist  of  St.  Bride's, 
Fleet  Street,  and  St.  Martin-in-the-Fields, 
London,  1726.  He  died  at  London,  May  7, 
1736. 

WoEKS. — Operas  :  Agreeable  disappoint- 
ment, 1715  ;  Fair  Unfortunate,  1710  ;  Judg- 
ment of  Paris  (masque),  1702;  Orpheus  and 
Eurydice,  1710;  She  would  and  She  would 
not,  1703.  Divine  Harmony,  six  select  an- 
thems for  a  voice  alone,  with  a  thorowbass 
for  the  organ,  harpsichord,  or  arch  lute.... 
performed  by  the  late  famous  Mr.  Richard 
Elford,  London,  n.d.  Hear  my  crying  ;  In 
Thee,  O  Lord;  O  God,  Thou  hast  cast  us 
out ;  Who  can  tell  how  oft  he  olfendeth,  an- 
thems. Collection  of  New  Songs  performed 
at  his  concert  in  York  Buildings;  Collection 
of  new  Songs  [1707]  ;  Collection  of  Aires  for 
2  flutes  and  a  bass,  London,  1710.  Sotkjs  : 
An  amorous  swain  to  Juno  pray'd  ;  As  the 
snow  in  valley  lying ;  Clarinda  ;  Let  am- 
bition fire  thy  mind  ;  Wakeful  nightingale. 

Wellings,  Joseph  Milton,  composer, 
■  born  at  Handsworth,  near  Birmingham, 
December  4,  1850.  Of  his  larger  works,  a 
isketch,  "The  Dancing  Master,"  was  pro- 
duced at  the  Criterion  Theatre,  London, 
February,  1894.  His  songs  include  Golden 
Love,  At  the  ferry,  I  wait  no  more.  Some 
day,  My  bonnie  boy.  Only  a  rose,  You  sang 
to  me,  Be  mine  again.  You  know  best,  Old 
fashions,  and  many  others,  most  of  which 
have  had  a  wide  circulation. 

Wells,  Alfred,  flutist,  pupil  of  William 
Card,  made  his  debut  at  a  concert  of  the 
Societa  Armonica,  June  3,  1844,  he  then 
being  eleven  years  old.  For  many  years  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Crystal  Palace  or- 
chestra, and  distinguished  as  a  soloist, 
especially  in  the  concertas  and  suites  of  J. 
S.  Bach.  His  death,  January  1,  1892,  was 
the  result  of  a  fall  down  stairs,  at  his  house, 
in  London. 

Wells,  Benjamin,  flutist,  born  at  Cam- 
bridge in  1826.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  under 
Richardson  and  Clinton,  and  appeared  with 
great  success  at  an  academy  concert  in  April, 
1845.  He  was  elected  A.R.A.M.,  and  was 
for  years  a  professor  at  the  Academy.  In 
later  years  he  has  been  more  widely  known 
as  a  lecturer  on  music. 

Wells,  Madame  Thaddeus,  contralto 
vocalist,  born  early  in  the  present  century. 
She  sang  at  many  important  concerts  in  her 
time,  but  latterly  had  dropped  out  of  notice. 
She  died  at  London  in  March,  1885. 

Wells,  Wallace,  tenor  vocalist,  born  at 
Dilham,  Norfolk,  1842.  Educated  at  R.A.M. 
Sang  at  the  Sacred  Harmonic,  and  other  Lon- 


WESCHE. 

don  concerts  ;  Birmingham  Festival,  1879,  in 
Rossini's  "  Moses  in  Egypt,"  etc.  Principal 
tenor  at  INIarylebone  Rectory  Church,  and  for 
thirteen  years  at  St.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street. 
Professor  of  Singing  at  G.S.M.,  and  other 
educational  institutions. 

Welsh,  John,  musician  of  latter  part  of 
last  century,  issued  "  Sacred  Harmony,  .con- 
sisting of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  London 
[1800] . 

Welsh,  Thomas,  bass  vocalist,  teacher 
and  composer,  born  at  Wells,  Somersetshire, 
1770.  He  was  a  chorister  in  Wells  Cathedral, 
and  also  studied  under  J.  B.  Cramer  and 
Baumgarten.  First  appeared  in  opera  in  Att- 
wood's  "Prisoner,"  1792.  Engaged  by  Linley 
to  sing  in  oratorio  at  Haymarket  Theatre, 
London,  1796.  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal. 
Celebrated  as  a  vocal  teacher  in  London,  and 
numbered  among  his  pupils  John  Sinclair, 
Charles  Horn,  Miss  Stephens,  and  Miss  Mary 
Anne  Wilson  who  became  his  second  wife. 
He  died  at  Brighton,  January  31,  1848. 

Works. — Music  to  "The  Green  Eyed  Mon- 
ster"; Twenty  years  ago,  1810 ;  Kamschatka, 
and  other  dramatic  pieces.  Sonatas  for  pf. 
[1819] .  Part-song'',  glees,  and  duets  :  Hark, 
'tis  the  whistling  wind;  Come,  jovial  friends; 
Fairy  feast ;  Hence,  away  !  ye  sirens ;  Merry 
gipsies ;  Shed  not  your  sweets.  Songs :  Harry 
Bluff,  etc.  Vocal  Instructor,  or  the  art  of 
singing  exemplified  in  fifteen  lessons  leading 
to  forty  progressive  exercises,  Loiidon  [1825] . 

His  wife,  born  Mary  Anne  Wilson,  was  a 
native  of  London,  born  in  1802.  She  studied 
under  her  husband  and  first  appeared  as 
Mandane,  in  Arne's  "  Artaxerxes  "  at  Drury 
Lane,  January  18,  1821.  She  sang  in  many 
important  concerts  in  her  day  as  a  soprano, 
and  died  in  1867. 

Wensley,  Frances  Foster,  pianist  and 
conii>iiser,  who  studied  under  Kalkbrenner, 
She  married  Alderman  Garrett.  Composer 
of  "Four  Songs"  [1823];  variations  on 
"God  save  the  Queen,"  etc. 

Wesche,  Walter,  composer,  pianist,  and 
organist,  born  at  Colombo,  Ceylon,  August  26, 
1857.  Studied  under  Oscar  Beringer  and 
Berthold  Tours,  and  orchestration  under  F. 
H.  Cowen.  In  1879  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  choirmaster  at  the  Lock  Chapel,  Pad- 
dington ;  then  to  St.  Thomas's,  Westbourne 
Grove  ;  and,  1891,  to  St.  Stephen's,  South 
Hampstead.  He  is  professor  of  harmony  and 
composition  at  the  Academy  for  the  higher 
development  of  pf.  playing  (Oscar  Beringer) ; 
and  professor  of  pf.  at  the  Royal  Normal 
College  for  the  Blind,  Norwood.  He  has 
given  organ  recitals  at  Gresham  Hall,  1882  ; 
the  Bow  and  Bromley  Institute,  18'"3,  etc., 
but  is  now  chiefly  engaged  in  teaching. 

Works. — Orchestral  :  Symphony  in  C 
minor;  Rhapsodies  in  F  and  G;  Suite  op.  18, 


440 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WESLEY. 

prize,  Westniinstei'  Orchestral  Society,  per- 
formed, March  16,  1892 ;  Ballad,  The  Legend 
of  Excalibur,  Crystal  Palace,  March  3,  1894  ; 
Romance,  Melbourne  (Cowen),  December  10, 
1888.  Concerto  in  A,  1886 ;  Andante  and 
Allegro;  both  for  pf.  and  orchestra.  Overture, 
Dagmar,  organ  and  orchestra,  1881.  Id3'll, 
organ  and  strings.  Quintet  in  E  minor; 
Trios  in  E  flat  and  E  minor  for  pf.  and  strings; 
sonata  in  B  flat,  pf.  and  violin  ;  in  E  flat,  pf. 
and  'cello.  Canzonetta  for  'cello.  Three 
Dances,  pf.  4  hands.  Three  Rhap>odies,  pf. 
solo,  etc. 

Wesley,  Charles,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Bristol,  December  11,  1757.  S m  of 
the  Rev.  Charles  Wesley,  and  nephew  of 
John  Wesley,  the  Methodist  leader.  He 
studied  under  Rooke,  Kelway,  and  Boyce,  and 
becariie  a  teacher  in  London,  and  organist  of 
St  George's,  Hanover  Square.  Organist  in 
ordinary  to  George  IV.  He  gave  s  ibscription 
conct-rts  at  his  house  in  London.  He  died  at 
London,  May  23,  1834.  Composed  "A  Set  of 
Eight  Songs,"  1784  ;  "  A  Set  of  Six  Concertos 
for  the  Organ  or  Harpsichord  "  ;  Anthems  in 
Page's  "  Harmonia  Sacra,"  hymns,  etc. 

Wesley,  Rev.  John,  clergyman  and 
amateur  musician,  born  in  1703,  died  in  1791. 
The  celebrated  founder  of  the  Wesleyan 
Methodist  body.  He  issued  "A  Collection  of 
Tunes,  set  to  music  as  they  are  commonly 
sung  at  the  Foundery,"  1742,  and  belonged  to 
the  same  family  as  the  Wesleys,  Charles, 
Samuel,  etc.,  so  celebrated  in  music. 

Wesley,  Samuel,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Bristol,  February  24,  1766.  Brother 
of  Charles.  He  gave  very  earlj'  indications  of 
&  disposition  for  music,  and  was  a  pupil  of  his 
brother  Charles.  From  an  early  age  he 
excited  great  interest  among  musicians  by  his 
extraordinary  genius  for  music.  He  became 
the  greatest  organist  of  his  time,  and  was  the 
first  Englishman  to  make  known  the  music 
of  Bach.  He  was  deputy  organist  for  a  time 
of  the  Abbey  Church,  Bath,  and  on  coming  to 
London  as  a  teacher,  he  became  organist  of 
Camden  Chapel,  in  1824.  He  died  at  London, 
October  11,  1837. 

Works. — Church  Service  in  F.  Anthems 
and  Motets :  ^ly  soul  hath  patiently ;  Thou, 
O  God,  art  jiraised  in  Zion  ;  I  said,  I  will  take 
heed  to  my  ways ;  Dixit  Dominus  ;  Exultate 
Deo ;  In  exitu  Israel ;  and  other  church 
music.  Original  Hymn  Tunes  adapted  to 
every  metre  in  the  collection  of  the  Rev.  J. 
Wesley,  London,  n.d.  Sonatas  for  pf.  Organ 
voluntaries,  fugues,  etc.  "  O,  synge  unto  my 
roundelaie,"  madrigal,  etc.  The  Misanthrope, 
opera  (MS.).  Letters  of  Samuel  Wesley  to 
Mr.  Jacobs,  relating  to  the  introduction  into 
this  countrv  of  the  works  of  Bach,  edited  by 
E.  Wesley,  London,  1878. 

See  also   "An  account  of  the  remarkable 


WEST. 

musical  talents  of  several  members  of  the 
Wesley  family,  collected  from  original  MSS. 
with  memorial  introduction  and  notes  by 
W.  Winters,"  London,  1874. 

Wesley,  Samuel  Sebastian,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  London,  August  14, 
1810.  Son  of  the  preceding.  He  was  a 
chorister  in  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  held  in 
London  the  appointments  of  organist  of  St. 
James',  Hampstead  Road,  1827;  St.  Giles', 
Camberwcll,  1829 ;  and  St.  John's,  Waterloo 
Road,  and  Hampton-on-Thames.  He  was 
afterwards  successively  organist  of  Here- 
ford Cathedral,  1832;  Exeter  Cathedral,  1835; 
Leeds  Parish  Church,  1842  ;  Winchester 
Cathedral,  1849 ;  Gloucester  Cathedral,  1865. 
He  graduated  ^lus.  Bac,  and  Mus.  Doc, 
Oxon.,  1839.  He  died  at  Gloucester,  April  19, 
1876,  and  is  buried  in  the  Old  Cemetery, 
Exeter,  and  a  tablet  in  the  Cathedral  there 
notes  his  connection  with  the  town. 

Works. — Church  services  in  E  (1845),  F, 
F  (chant),  and  G'.  Anthems :  Ascribe  unto 
the  Lord ;  All  go  unto  one  place  ;  Blessed  be 
the  Lord ;  Blessed  be  the  God  and  Father ; 
Cast  me  not  away ;  Give  the  King  thy  judg- 
ments ;  Glory  be  to  God  on  high  ;  God  be 
merciful;  I  am  Thine;  I  will  arise;  Let  us 
lift  up  our  heart ;  JIan  that  is  born  of  a 
woman  ;  0  give  thanks  ;  O  God,  whose  nature ; 

0  Lord,  my  God  ;  0  Lord,  Thou  art  my  God ; 
Praise  the  Lord ;  The  face  of  the  Lord ;  The 
wilderness;  Thou  wilt  keep  him  in  perfect 
peace  ;  Wash  me  thoroughly ;  etc.  The 
Psalter,  with  Chants,  arranged  for  Daily 
Morning  and  Evening  Service,  Leeds,  1843. 
Glees  and  Part-songs :  At  that  dread  hour ; 

1  wish  to  tune  my  quiv'ring  lyre  ;  Shall  I  tell 
you  whom  I  love?;  When  fierce  conflicting 
passions  ;  etc.  Songs  :  The  butterfly  ;  Orphan 
hours  the  year  is  dead ;  There  be  none  of 
beauty's  daughters ;  Wert  thou  like  me  ;  etc. 
Organ :  A  Studio  for  the  Organ,  exemplified 
in  a  series  of  exercises ;  Air  composed  for  the 
Holsworthy  Church  Bells ;  Andantes  in  G,  A, 
E  minor,  etc.  Two  sets  (6  pieces)  of  Organ 
Pieces,  etc.  Melodia  Sacra,  Handel's  airs 
arranged  for  pf.  The  English  Cathedral 
Service,  its  glory,  its  decline,  and  its  designed 
extinction,  London,  1845.  A  few  words  on 
Cathedral  ^lusic  and  the  musical  system  of 
the  church,  with  a  plan  of  reform,  London, 
1849.  Selection  of  Psalms  and  Hymns, 
arranged  for  the  public  service  of  the  Church 
of  England,  by  the  Rev.  Charles  Kemble, 
rector  of  Bath,  London,  1864,  edited.  The 
hymn -tunes  "  Aurelia,"  "St.  Sebastian," 
"  Radford,"  "  Wimbledon,"  etc.,  were  also 
composed  by  Wesley. 

West,  Benjamin,  organist  and  composer, 
of  18th  century.  Composer  of  "  Sacra  con- 
certo, or  the  voice  of  melody,  containing  an 
introduction  to  the  grounds  of  music,  also 


BFJTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


441 


WEST. 

forty-one  psalm  tunes  and  twelve  anthems." 
Loudon,  1769.     2nd  edition. 

West,  George  Frederick,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  writer,  born  at  Bath.  In  1844 
he  was  organist  of  St.  George  the  Martyr, 
Soutliwark,  in  which  year  he  published  "  The 
National  Church  Service  "  (R.  Cocks).  Author 
of  "Questions  relating  to  the  theory  of 
rausic "  (London,  1864);  Hints  to  young 
teachers  of  the  pianoforte  "  (R.  Cocks),  and 
other  works.  He  has  written  and  arranged 
an  immense  amount  of  music  for  pf.,  chiefly 
of  an  educational  type. 

West,  Henry,  composer  and  writer. 
Author  of  "Singing  Preceptor,"  London, 
184C;  "Accordian  Preceptor,"  London,  1846; 
Preceptor  for  the  accordion  or  flutina,  London 
[1855].  Composer  of  Pretty  little  songs  for 
pretty  little  smgers,  a  collection  of  nursery 
rhymes.     Pf.  music,  songs,  etc. 

West,  John  Ebenezer,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  conductor,  born  at  South  Hackney, 
London,  December  7,  186.3.  Son  of  William 
and  Clara  West  (noticed  below).  Received 
his  early  instruction  from  his  parents,  later 
studying  organ  under  Dr.  J.  P.  Bridge,  and 
composition  at  R.A.M.  under  E.  Prout, 
F.R.C.O.  In  1884  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  CM.  of  St.  Mary's,  Berkeley  Square;  and 
since  1891  has  held  similar  positions  at  South 
Hackney  Parish  Church.  He  has  given  organ 
recitals  in  various  places,  and  is  also  known 
as  a  pianist.  He  is  one  of  the  musical 
advisers  to  the  firna  of  Xovello,  Ewer  and  Co. 

WoRK.s. — Cantatas :  The  Healing  of  the 
Canaanite's  Daughter,  Hackney,  December 
20,  1882;  Seed-Time  and  Harvest,  Choral 
Festival,  St.  Mary's,  Newington,  October  12, 
1892 ;  Psalm  130,  N.E.  Loudon  Choral  Society, 
January  31,  1891.  Anthems :  The  Lord  is 
exalted,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  :\Iay  24,  1883 ; 
Lord,  I  call  upon  Tkee ;  and  others.  Festival 
Evening  Service  in  E  flat,  composed  for 
Festival  of  London  Church  Choir  Association, 
St.  Paul's,  1890;  Evening  Service  in  A ;  Te 
Deum  in  B  flat,  etc.  Songs,  part-songs, 
incidental  music  to  Longfellow's  King  Robert 
of  Sicily  ('for  declamation),  Queen's  Hail, 
October  8,  1896.  Overture  in  E  minor,  1881 ; 
Victoria,  our  Queen,  1897,  march,  both  for 
orchestra.  Sonata  in  D  minor,  1895;  Fugue 
in  E  minor;  March  in  G;  Postlude  in  B  flat, 
etc.,  for  organ. 

West,  Rev.  Lewis  Renatus,  clergyman 
and  amateur  composer,  born  at  London,  May 
3,  1753.  He  belonged  to  the  Moravian 
brethren,  and  was  in  charge  of  the  congrega- 
tion at  Dublin  in  1784.  He  subsequently 
held  other  charges  in  Ireland  and  England 
in  connection  with  the  Moravian  body.  He 
died  at  Tytherton,  Wiltshire,  August  4,  1826. 
He  composed  some  hymns  and  other  music 
for  the  Church  Service. 


WESTBROOK. 

West,  William,  composer,  teacher  of 
singing,  and  lyric  author,  born  at  Hackney, 
London,  September  17,  1830.  He  comes  of 
an  old  Wiltshire  family.  His  father  was  a 
musician,  and  his  mother's  father  was  the 
Samuel  Hayter  mentioned  in  the  notice  of 
Aaron  Upjohu  Hayter  (5. f.)  His  early  studies 
were  devoted  to  singing,  but  his  delicate 
organ  gave  way  through  over  exertion,  and 
he  then  gave  himself  up  to  teaching.  In 
1863  he  founded  the  North-East  London 
Academy  of  JIusic,  which  has  been  a  suc- 
cessful and  useful  institution.  For  fifteen 
years  he  was  organist  of  the  Congregational 
Church,  Bethnal  Green  Road,  resigning  in 
1885,  and  holding  for  a  time  a  similar  ap- 
pointment at  Hackney.  He  has  composed 
hymn  tunes,  chants,  Sanctuses,  etc.  Songs  : 
Speak  gently  of  the  erring;  Casablanca; 
Were  I  a  little  bird;  The  Christian's  song  ; 
Life  in  Love ;  The  Rivals  (a  proverb  song) ; 
and  others.  His  first  pf.  pieces,  Welsh  air. 
Cotillon,  Fall  of  Paris,  duets,  were  written 
at  the  age  of  seven.  Others  are  Le  Gar(;on 
Volage,  Sophie,  valse,  mazurka  brillant,  and 
various  operatic  transcriptions.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  number  of  lyrics,  set  by  his  son 
and  other  composers.  His  sister  is  the  wife 
of  Professor  Prout. 

Madame  Clara  West,  his  wife,  is  a 
soprano  vocalist,  born  at  Chatham,  Septem- 
ber 9,  1844.  Her  maiden  name  was  Ains- 
worth.  She  studied  under  her  husband, 
and  jMadamo  Rudersdorfi.  An  excellent 
musician,  she  first  came  into  notice  about 
1876,  through  her  ability  to  fill  the  place  of 
other  vocalists  in  important  works  at  a 
moment's  notice.  She  was  long  associated 
with  the  concerts  of  the  Borough  of  Hackney 
Choral  Association,  and  has  sung  throughout 
Great  Britain.  Invitations  to  visit  America 
have  been  declined. 

Lottie  West,  daughter  of  the  preceding, 
was  born  at  South  Hackney,  November  5, 
1865.  She  is  a  contralto  vocalist,  pianist, 
and  teacher.  Received  her  musical  educa- 
tion chiefly  at  home,  but  became  a  student 
for  a  time  at  the  R.A.M.,  studying  singing 
with  Edwin  Holland.  She  sang  at  concerts 
in  London  and  the  provinces  with  success 
from  1882,  but  since  her  marriage  to  Mr. 
Millard  she  has  practically  retired  from  the 
concert  platform.  She  is  the  composer  of 
some  songs,  and  a  sketch  for  violin  and  pf. 

Westbrook,  William  Joseph,  composer, 
organist  and  writer,  was  born  at  London, 
January  1, 1831.  He  was  organist  successively 
of  St.  Bartholomew,  Bethnal  Green,  1849 ; 
St.  Bartholomew,  Sydenham,  1851-84 ;  and 
Crystal  Palace  (co-organist),  1860.  From 
1865  to  1878  he  was  conductor  of  the  South 
Norwood  Musical  Society,  and  he  was  also 
musical  examiner  to  the  College  of  Preceptors. 


442 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WESTLAKE. 

Mus.  Bac,  1876,  and  Mus.  Doc,  1878,  Cam- 
bridge. With  A.  W.  Hammond  and  John 
Crowdy  he  established  the  Musical  Standard 
in  1862.  He  died  at  Sydenham,  London,  on 
March  24,  1894. 

Works. — Jesus,  oratorio,  1877  ;  also  Gold- 
smith's Institute,  London,  1892.  The  Lord 
is  my  Shepherd,  cantata,  1875.  Services  in 
G,  D,  etc.  Anthems.  Part-songs  and  trios  ; 
Songs,  and  other  vocal  music.  Sonatas  for 
organ  in  E  flat,  G,  etc.  Voluntaries.  The 
Organist,  1876,  etc. ;  Young  Organist ;  Prac- 
tical Organist ;  Organ  Journal ;  Ancient  and 
Modern  Fugues,  1865-80;  New  organ  arrange- 
ments, and  many  similar  collections  for  organ 
and  harmonium.  Elementary  Music,  a  primer, 
London,  1879.  Practical  Organ  Tutor,  London, 
1872,  etc.  Alphabet  of  Musical  Notation, 
London  [1873] .  Translations  of  De  Beriot's, 
Dancla's,  and  Alard's  Violin  Schools,  and 
many  other  works. 

Westlake,  Frederick,  composer  and 
pianist,  born  at  Romsey,  Hants,  February  25, 

1840.  Studied  at  R.A.M.,  1855-9 ;  elected 
Associate,  then  Fellow.  Professsor  of  pf., 
R.A  ^I.,  and  IMember  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society.  He  has  played  in  public  with  success, 
and  at  one  of  H.  Holmes's  "  Musical  Even- 
ings "  (St.  George's  Hall,  October  22,  1873), 
performed,  with  IMiss  Channel,  Chopin's 
Rondo,  op.  73,  for  two  pianos,  probably  for  the 
first  time  in  London.  Teaching  now  chiefly 
occupies  his  time. 

Wdbks. — Mass  in  E  flat;  Mass  of  the  Holy 
Name,  produced,  Brompton  Oratorj',  Novem- 
ber 26.  1898  (for  voices,  orchestra,  and  organ). 
O  Salutaris  ;  Kyrie  and  Gloria  (with  orches- 
tra) ;  the  first  named  sung  by  Leslie's  Choir, 
February  22,  1883.  Tunes  contributed  to 
Hymns  Ancient  and  Modern.  She  dwelt 
among  the  untrodden  ways  ;  Evangela  ;  and 
other  songs.  Part-songs,  Lyra  Studentium, 
etc.  Duo  Concertante,  pf.  and  'cello.  Alle- 
gro con  forza  ;  Fugue  in  octaves  ;  a  set  of 
nine  episodes  for  pf.  Completed  Sterndale 
Bennett's  edition  of  Bach's  48  Preludes  and 
Fugues. 

Westmoreland,  John  Fane,  Earl  of, 
knotvn  as  Lord  Burghersh,  amateur  com- 
poser, born  at  London,  FebruMry  3,  1784.  He 
entered  the  army  in  1803,  and  became  envoy 
at  the  Court  of  Florence  in  1814.  He  studied 
music  under  Hague,  Mayseder,  Portogallo, 
and  Biancbi.     He  succeeded  to  the  title  in 

1841.  In  1841-51  he  was  the  British  Minister 
at  Berlin.  Me  established  the  Royal  Academy 
of  Music  in  1822,  and  in  1861  a  Scholarship 
was  founded  in  his  memory.  He  died  at 
Aptliorpe  House.  October  16,  1859. 

Works. — Operas  :  Bajazet,  Florence,  1821, 
London,  1822  ;  L'Eroe  di  Lancastre,  R.A.M- 
pupils,  1826;  LoScompiglioteatrale,  Florence, 
1836,  published  1846;  Catarina,  London,  1830, 


WESTROP. 

also  in  English  as  Catherine,  the  Austrian 
captive ;  Fedra,  Florence,  1828,  published  at 
Berlin  in  1848;  11  Torneo,  Florence,  1826, 
London,  1838;  II  Ratto  di  Proserpina,  1845. 
Three  symphonies  for  orchestra  ;  Quartets  for 
strings;  Pf.  music,  etc.  Cathedral  Service, 
1841 ;  Messa  Solenne,  1858  ;  Requiem  to  the 
memory  of  Samuel  Webbe  ;  Six  cantatas  of 
Metastasio  for  solo  voice  and  pf.,  1881.  Mad- 
rigals, glees,  single  songs. 

Westrop,  East  John,  composer  and 
editor,  born  at  Lavenham,  Suffolk,  in  1804. 
He  was  a  teacher  and  editor  in  London.  He 
died  at  London,  in  1856. 

Works. — Domestic  Psalmody,  a  selection 
of  modern  tunes  for  1,  2,  or  3  voices,  1851. 
Carmina  Sacra,  London,  1857.  100  Little 
Songs  for  little  singers,  Lmidon,  1857.  Nor- 
mal Singer,  1857.  200  Psalms  and  hymns, 
1859  (with  Wade).  Universal  Psalmodist, 
London,  1856.  Musical  Servicesof  the  Church 
of  England,  for  4  voices,  London  [1845] , 
4  vols.  The  Antiphonal,  a  collection  of 
anthems,  1856,  etc.  Composer  of  quadrilles, 
miscellaneous  pf.  music  and  songs. 

Westrop,  Henry  John,  composer,  violin- 
ist, organist  and  conductor,  born  at  Lavenham, 
Suffolk,  July  22,  1812.  He  was  organist  suc- 
cessively of  St.  Stephen's  Norwich ;  Little 
Stanmore,  1831  ;  Fitzroy  Chapel,  London, 
1833;  St.  Edmund  the  King  and  Martyr, 
Loml^ard  Street,  1834.  He  was  also  violinist 
at  the  Italian  operaand  Philharmonic  Society; 
conductor  of  the  Choral  Harmonist's  Society ; 
and  a  member  of  the  Philharmonic  Society 
and  Royal  Society  of  ^Musicians.  He  died  at 
London,  September  23,  1879. 

Works. — Maid  of  Bremen,  opera,  in  MS. 
Symphony  for  orchestra,  1838  ;  Quintets  for- 
pf.  and  strings  in  E  flat,  1843,  and  C  minor, 
1844 ;  Quartetto  concertante,  for  pf.  and 
strings,  in  A  flat,  op.  2  [1850] ;  Sonata  for  pf. 
and  flute  in  F,  op.  6  (1846)  ;  Sonata  for  pf.  and 
viola  in  E  flat ;  Quartets  for  strings  in  E  and 
E  flat  (op.  1,  1835,  etc.)  Allegro  in  E  flat  for 
pf.  Anthem,  O  taste  and  see ;  Winter,  descrip- 
tive cantata  for  bass  voice  and  orchestra,  etc. 

His  daughter  Kate,  who  is  a  pianist  and 
organist  of  much  ability,  succeeded  him  as 
organist  of  St.  Edmund,  Lombard  Street,  a 
position  she  resigned  in  1887..  Composer  of 
"  Four  short  voluntaries  for  organ  "  (1885) ; 
Songs,  and  other  works. 

Westrop,  Thomas,  composer  and  writer, 
brother  of  the  above,  was  born  at  Lavenham 
in  1816.  Died  at  London,  December  17,  1881. 
He  edited  "  120  selected  short  anthems,"' 
London,  1861;  Psalms,  hymns,  etc.,  1862; 
Eighteen  selected  vocal  duets,  London,  1863  ; 
I  Sacred  songs,  1863.  Universal  violin  tutor, 
1862.  Complete  organ  tutor,  1863.  Com- 
poser of  a  large  number  of  comic  and  other 
songs,  hymns,  pf.  pieces,  etc. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


443 


WETTON. 

Wetton,  Henry  Davan,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Brighton,  July  18,  1862. 
Received  his  musical  training  at  Westminster 
Abbey,  and  from  private  teachers.  F.R.C.O.; 
Mus.'Bac,  Durham,  1891.  Organist  of  All 
Saints',  Stoke  Nevvington,  1877 ;  Christ 
Church,  Woburn  Square,  1884  ;  St.  Gabriel's, 
Pimlico,  1886-9  and  1890-3;  sub-organist. 
Wells  Cathedral,  1890  ;  organist  of  Finchley 
Parish  Church,  1892.  In  1892,  succeeded  M. 
B.  Foster  as  organist  and  musical  director  at 
the  Foundling  Hospital.  He  is  head  of  the 
musical  department  of  the  Northampton 
Institute,  Clerkenwell.  Has  given  lectures  at 
T.C.L.,  etc.  His  compositions  are  Psalm  9, 
for  soli,  chorus,  strings  and  pf. ;  Te  Deum 
and  Benedictus;  Evening  service  for  men's 
vioces;  anthems,  cards,  songs,  pf.  pieces, 
etc. 

Weyman,  David,  Irish  collector,  was 
vicar-choral  of  St.  Patrick's,  Dublin,  1819. 
He  died  at  Dublin  in  August,  1822.  Published 
"  Melodia  Sacra,  or  the  Psalms  of  David, 
arranged  for  1,  2,  3,  or  4  voices,"  Dublin, 
1812-14.  Sequel  in  3  vols.,  1840-52.  New 
edition  edited  by  J.  Smith.  Hymns  and 
psalms  as  sung  in  the  Magdalen  Asylum, 
Leeson  Street . .  Dublin  [1822] ;  Hymns  and 
anthems  as  sung  in  Protestant  Churches  and 
Chapels  throughout  Ireland . .  Dublin.  Fifty 
of  the  psalms  of  David,  Dublin. 

Wharton,  Edward,  bass  vocalist,  and 
teacher  of  singing,  born  in  Birmingham. 
Educated  at  Dulwich  College,  and  solo  choir 
boy.  Sometime  choirmaster  and  assistant 
organist  to  Sir  A.  S.  Sullivan  at  St.  Peter's, 
South  Kensington.  Organ  pupil  of  George 
Cooper.  Gained  the  first  prize  for  bass  vocal- 
ists at  the  National  Music  Meetings,  Crystal 
Palace,  July  3,  1875.  Appeared  at  different 
concerts,  and  took  part  in  the  performance 
of  Liszt's  "St.  Elisabeth,"  given  by  Walter 
Bache,  February  24,  1876.  Joined  the  staff 
of  the  Guildhall  School  of  Miisic  in  1881,  and 
has  been  successfully  conducting  large  classes 
there  since  that  time. 

Whatmoor,  Freeman,  pianist,  organist, 
and  composer,  born  at  Bradford,  Yorksliire, 
1856.  Studied  under  Dr.  Spark,  P.  W.  Hird, 
and,  also,  at  the  National  Training  School, 
Kensington,  where  he  won  a  scholarship. 
Has  held  organ  appointments  at  Leeds  and 
Gateshead;  sometime  assistant  to  Henry 
Farmer,  at  Harrow,  now  resident  at  Watford, 
as  conductor  and  teacher,  etc.  In  1887,  he 
won  the  Musical  World  prize  for  an  organ 
postlude.  Graduated  i\Ius.  B.,  Cambridge, 
1892.  He  has  published  some  school  songs, 
part-songs,  pieces  for  pf.,  organ,  etc.  He  has 
given  chamber  concerts  and  lectures,  at 
Hemel-Hempstead,  1887  etc. 

Herbert  W.  Whatmoor  (a  brother?)  is 
organist  of  Christ  Church,  Roxeth  ;  he  is  also 


WHITAKER. 

a  pianist,  and  has  given  chamber  concerts, 
Harrow,  1888,  etc. 

Wheall,  see  Weale. 

Wheeler,  Richard,  composer  and  organ- 
ist, who  was  a  teacher  in  Cambridge.  He 
issued  "  Six  Glees  for  three  and  four  voices," 
Cambridge  [1800].  These  were  originally 
published  in  the  collections  of  Dr.  Charles 
Hague. 

Whelan,  Rev.  Ernest  Hamilton,  or- 
ganist and  composer,  graduated  Mus.  B., 
1887  ;  M.A.,  Dublin.  Was  organist  succes- 
sively of  Malahide  Church,  near  Dublin,  1868; 
Swords  Parish  Church,  1869 ;  St.  Andrew's, 
Dublin,  1875-6.  Conductor  of  Dublin  Dio- 
cesan Choral  Festival,  1875.  Curate  of 
Powerscourt,  1876-83 ;  Rector  of  Kilbride, 
Bray,  1883.  He  has  composed  a  setting  of 
Ps.  100  for  five  voices  and  organ  ;  Hymn 
tunes  in  Irish  Church  Hymnal,  and  Children's 
Hymnal  ;  sacred  songs,  etc. 

Whichello,  or  Wichello,  Abiell,  or- 
ganist and  composer,  of  the  18th  century, 
was  deputy  organist  to  Philip  Hart.  He 
afterwards  became  organist  of  Church  of  St. 
Edmund  the  King.  Played  at  Britton's 
concerts.     He  died  about  1745. 

Works. — Apollo  and  Daphne,  cantata, 
1730 ;  Vertumims  and  Pomona,  cantata. 
Songs :  Charms  of  beauty  ;  Haste,  haste  dear 
youth  ;  Heart  that's  bleeding ;  So  many 
charms;  Ye  virgin  powers.  Lessons  for  the 
Harpsichord  or  Spinett  [1720]. 

Whishaw,  Frederick  J.,  tenor  vocalist 
and  composer,  born  in  1854.  Received  his 
musical  training  in  St.  Petersburg  and  London. 
He  has  published  an  Album  of  Seven  Songs 
(Reid) ;  an  Album  of  Russian  Songs  (Lucas) ; 
and  two  Albums  of  Russian  Songs  (Boosey). 
He  has  sung  at  concerts  in  different  parts  of 
the  country  ;  but  devotes  himself  chiefly  to 
literature,  and  is  author  of  a  number  of  lyrics, 
tales  for  j   venile  readers,  novels,  etc. 

Whitaker,  John,  composer  and  organist, 
was  born  in  1776.  He  was  organist  of  St. 
Clement,  Eastcheap,  London  ;  and  in  1808 
succeeded  to  C.  H.  Purday's  business  as'  a 
music-seller  in  ^t.  Paul's  Churchyard.  He 
died  at  London,  December  4,  1847. 

Works. — Music  for  ?''a.!/s,  etc. :  Boarding 
school  miss,  burletta,  1800;  Guy  Manuering 
(with  Bishop),  1816;  Heir  of  Vironi,  1817; 
Iwanowna,  1815 ;  Sweethearts  and  wives, 
1812 ;  Up  to  town,  1811 ;  Who's  to  have  her? 
1813.  An  "Epicedium"  to  the  memory  of 
Princess  Charlotte  (1817).  Odes  of  Anacreon. 
Songs:  Emigrant's  farewell ;  Fly  away  dove  ; 
Indian  maid  ;  Let  the  epicure  boast ;  Lily 
that  blooms  ;  Mary's  love  ;  My  poor  dog  Tray ; 
Oh  rest  thee  babe  ;  Oh  say  not  woman's  heart 
is  bought ;  Remember  me;  Thine  am  I  my 
faithful  fair ;  Wandering  harper ;  Young 
Lochinvar.     Glees  :    Winds,  gently  whisper ; 


444 


B];IT1SH    MUSICAL    BlOGliAPHY, 


WHITE. 

Sailor's  return;  etc.  Edited  "Gems  of 
English  harmon}',"  with  E.  J.  Loder,  5  vols  ; 
"  The  Seraph  :  a  collection  of  sacred  music, 
consisting  of  celebrated  psalm  and  hymn 
tunes. . .  .arranged  for  4  voices,  pf.  or  organ, 
and  violoncello,"  Lon('on,  1818,  2  vols. 

White,  Adolphus Charles, contrabassist, 
born  in  Canlerhury,  October  10,  1830. 
Chorister  at  the  Cathedral  tliere,  and  studied 
organ,  violin,  and  other  subjects  under  Dr. 
Longhurst,  and  later  in  Ireland.  Returning 
to  Canterbury  he  took  up  the  study  of  the 
double-bass,  and,  proceeding  to  London,  re- 
ceived lessons  from  James  Howell,  for  whom 
he  soon  deputised  with  marked  success.  In 
1853  he  went  with  Jullian  to  America.  After 
his  return  he  was  engaged  at  Her  Majesty's 
oper.:,  the  Philharmonic  and  other  concerts  ; 
and  when  Howell  died,  in  1879,  he  succeeded 
him  at  the  Handel,  Leeds,  Birmingham 
(1876-1888),  and  Three  Choirs  Festivals;  and 
was  also  principal  double-bass  at  the  Royal 
Italian  opera  fo  1897.  He  is  professor  of  his 
instrument  at  R.A.M.,  and  R.C.M. ;  Hon. 
R..\.M.,  1877  ;  and,  in  1890,  was  appointed 
Musician  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty  the 
Queen.  Was  for  2'2  years  organist  of  St. 
Philip's,  Waterloo  Place.  Served  in  the 
Volunteer  force,  retiring  in  1887  with  the 
rank  of  !Major,  receiving  a  silver  sword  in 
acknowledgment  of  his  services.  His  com- 
positions include  church  music,  carols,  songs, 
pf.  pieces,  and  solos  for  the  double-bass 
11  is  Primerforthatinstrumeiit  (Novello),  with 
appendix  for  the  four  stringed  bass,  is  of 
great  merit. 

White,  Hamilton,  organist  and  con- 
ductor, born  at  jNIaryport,  Cumberland,  Oct- 
ober 1,  1834.  Has  held  various  organ  appoint- 
ments, and  was  for  some  time  at  Holy  Trinity, 
Whitehaven,  in  1872  removing  to  East  Ret- 
ford, Notts.,  where  he  has  since  resided,  as 
organist  of  the  Parish  Church.  He  is  also 
conductor  of  a  Choral  Society,  and  for  many 
years  has  given  concerts  at  Retford,  Worksop, 
etc.,  as  well  as  organ  recitals.  He  is  an 
active  worker  for  music  in  the  district. 

White,  Mrs.  Harrison,  see  Baber,  Miss 

COLBOrRXK 

White,  John  Jesse,  violinist,  organist, 
and  composer,  born  at  Bermondsey,  London, 
but  at  the  age  of  eighteen  months  was  taken 
by  his  parents  to  Birmingham.  Pupil  of 
James  Stimpson,  for  organ  and  theory.  Be- 
camr  musical  director  at  Theatre  Royal,  Bir- 
mingham, when  twenty.  Went  to  Paris,  and 
studied  under  Halevy.  Was  first  violin  in 
the  orchestra  of  the  Theatre  Lyrique,  Paris, 
185G-7.  At  the  same  time  there  was  another 
violinist  of  the  name  in  Paris  (mentioned 
below),  and  they  were  distinguished  as  M. 
White  h  Blavc,  and  M.  White  le  Noir.  In 
later  years  the  two  were  together  at  Rio  do 


WHITE. 

Janeiro,  Brazil,  and  the  compositions  of  the 
one  have  at  times  been  taken  as  the  work 
of  the  other.  As  musical  director,  composer, 
and  organist,  J.  J.  White  spent  many  years 
in  Chili,  Peru,  La  Plata,  and  South  America 
generally,  and  his  experiences  have  been  far 
out  of  the  common.  He  had  played  in  early 
Masses  on  the  day  of  the  great  Festival  at 
Lo  Compania,  Santiago,  when  3000  persons 
were  burned  to  death,  December  8,  1863,  and 
but  for  a  previous  engagement,  would  have 
been  in  the  orchestra  in  the  evening.  His 
deputy,  a  Spaniard,  perished  in  the  fire.  A 
Spanish  opera  of  his  was  performed  in  La 
Plata,  and  a  Portuguese  opera  in  Rio  de 
Janeiro.  In  1881  he  was  back  again  in 
Europe,  and  appeared,  for  the  first  time  as  a 

,  soloist,  at  Bayreuth,  May  13  ;  was  for  a  time 

I  a  member  of  the  Meiningen  orchestra,  under 

I  Hans  von  Billow,  and  played  at  the  production 

'  of  "Parsifal,"  in  1882.'  Soon  after  this  he 
returned  to  England,  but  the  change  of  climate 
caused  a  long  and  dangerous  illness.  He  gave 
recitals  and  lectures  in  Birmingham  and 
neighbourhood,  in  1885,  and  the  next  j'ear 
was  appointed  music  director,  Southport 
Winter   Gardens.     There   he   remained  nine 

i  years,  and  some  of  his  compositions  were 
introduced.    In  1895,  he  removed  to  Syden- 

j  ham,  where  he  still  resides. 

I  Works. — Two  ^Masses,  of  large  dimensions, 
one  produced,  Rio  de  Janeiro,  1873 ;  four 
smaller  ones.  Italian  opera.  La  Figlia  della 
Dora,  produced,  Lima,  Peru,  1868 ;  a  French 
opera.  Ode,  Queen  of  the  North,  composed 
for  the  Centenary  celebration,  Southport,  and 
performed,  June  18,  1892.  Two  symphonies ; 
Concert  overture,  Titania,  Southport,  Novem- 
ber 12,  1887 ;  Descriptive  pieces,  Judah,  the 
same,  1891.  Concerto,  Hedwig,  violin  and 
orchestra,  performed  at  JIunich.     Six  string 

[  quartets ;  pieces  for  violin,  Delires  de  Sapho, 
etc. 

The  Joseph  White  referred  to  was  born  at 
Cuba.      His   grandfather  was   English.      He 

'  was  appointed  professor  to  the  Imperial 
Family  of  Brazil.     He  gave  chamber  concerts 

■  at  Rio  de  Janeiro,  as  late  as  1884,  and  has 
published  violin  pieces,  etc. 

'  White,  Joseph,  organist  of  St.  Sidwell's 
Church,  Exeter,  is  the  composer  of  a  sacred 
cantata,  "  The  Magi,"  produced,  I^xeter, 
November  26,  1888  ;  and  a  setting  of  Southey's 
"  Inchcape  Rock,"  produced,  Exeter,  1891. 
White,  Matthew,  organist  and  composer, 

'  of  early  part  of  the  17th  century.     He  was  a 

1  bass  singer  of  Wells  Cathedral ;  organist  of 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  1611-1613;  and  a  gen- 
tleman of  the  Chapel  Royal  till  1614.  In 
1629  he  accumulated  the  degrees  of  Bhc.  and 
Mus.  Doc,  Oxford.  Composer  of  anthems 
and  other  church  music. 
White,  Maude  Valerie,  composer,  born* 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


445 


WHITE. 

at  Dieppe,  of  English  parents,  June  23,  1855. 
Studied  under  Oliver  May  and  W.  S.  Rockstro. 
Entered  R.A.M.,  1876,  and  was  elected  Men- 
delssohn scholar,  1879,  completing  her  studies 
in  Vienna.  Resident  in  London,  and  Broad- 
way, Worcestershire, 

Works.  — Mass  (R.A.M.  concert,  1881). 
Songs:  To  Blossom;  Montrose's  Love  Song; 
My  soul  is  an  enchanted  boat ;  When  passion's 
trance ;  Ye  Cupid's  drop ;  The  devout  lover ; 
Absent,  yet  present;  I  prithee  send  me  back 
my  heart ;  Four  songs  from  Tennyson's 
In  Memoriam ;  Album  of  German  Songs  ; 
Chantez,  chantez  (Hugo) ;  and  others.  Pic- 
tures from  Abroad,  14  pf.  pieces ;  Scherzetto, 
etc.,  for  pf.  Naissance  d'amour,  pf.  and  'cello, 
etc.  Translator  from  the  Swedish  of  Letters 
from  a  Mourning  City,  Naples  during  the 
autumn  of  1884,  by  Axel  Munthe,  London, 
Murray,  1887. 

White,  Mrs.  Meadows,  see  Smith, 
Alice  Mary. 

White,  Nathaniel  Chandler,  organist, 
was  a  sou  of  S.  Phillips  Wliite,  solicitor.  He 
was  organist  of  Tewkesbury  Abbey  Church, 
and  of  Bipple  Church.  He  died  at  Tewkes- 
bury, February  10,  1869.  Remarkable  for  his 
-organ  playing,  and  his  memory,  which  enabled 
him  to  play  entire  oratorios  by  Handel, 
Spohr  and  Mendelssohn. 

White,  Robert,  composer  and  organist  of 
the  16th  century.  He  was  organist  of  West- 
minster Abbey  ?  and  of  Ely  Cathedral  in 
1562,  in  succession  to  Tye.  He  was  also 
master  of  the  choristers  in  Westminster  Abbey. 
Mus.  Bac.  Cambridge  in  1561.  He  died  in 
1574.  The  Library  of  Christ  Church  College, 
Oxford,  contains  a  number  of  his  compositions 
in  MS. 

White,  Tench  James,  teacher  and  dealer 
in  musical  instruments,  born  at  Canterbury 
in  1830.  Chorister  in  Canterbury  Cathedral, 
1839,  and  pupil  of  T.  E.  Jones,  and  Dr.  Long- 
hurst.  After  leaving  the  Cathedral  he  became 
organist  of  St.  Mildred's  Church,  Canterbury. 
Conductor,  for  many  years,  of  the  St.  Lawrence 
Musical  Society,  Canterbury.  Song  composer 
and  editor  of  "Tench  White's  organ,  har- 
monium, and  American  organ  library. ' '  Many 
of  his  songs  were  published  under  the  nom  cle 
"plume  of  Arthur  Hare.  He  died  at  Canter- 
bury, March  14,  1891. 

White,  W.  J.,  composer  and  editor,  issued 
"  Sacred  Melodies  suitable  for  public  and 
private  devotion,"  London  [1820].  "New 
sacred  melodies,".  .London  [1825],  7th  edition. 
"The  Bury  melodies,  adapted  for  public  and 
family  worship. ."  London  [1830]. 

Whitehouse,  Henry,  bass  vocalist,  born 
at  Worcester,  January  15,  1823.  Studied  for 
a  short  time  under  Sir  George  Smart,  but  was 
chiefly  self-instructed.  About  1849,  he  was 
appointed  a  Lay  Vicar  of  Worcester  Cathedral, 


WHITTEN. 

and   a   year   later    to    St.    George's    Chapel,. 
Windsor,  and  Eton  College.      He  held  these^ 
appointments  till  about  the  year  1857,  when 
he  was  made  Lay  Vicar  of  Westminster  Abbey, 
and  Grentleman  of  the  Chapels  Royal.  He  was 
for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Choir  Ben- 
evolent Fund,  and  for  some  time  served  on 
the  Committee.     His  voice  was  a  true  bass, 
but  of  extraordinary  compass  ;    and  by  long, 
practice,  he  united  the  chest  and  head  registers 
so  that  he  could  sing  purely  tenor  songs  like 
"  The  Message,"  with  as  fine  effect  as  those 
appertaining  to  the   bass  voice  proper.      An 
advocate  for  general  culture  on  the  part  of 
singers,  his  own  work  exemplified  his  indi- 
vidual  acquirements.      He  died  in  London, 
May  11,  1892.     Three  of  his  sons  have  attained 
more  or  less  distinction  in  the  musical  pro- 
fession : — William     Edward    Whitehouse, 
violoncellist,  born  in  London,  May  20,  1859. 
As  a  boy  he  studied  the  violin  under  Adolphus 
Griesbach ;  but  later  on,  turning  to  the  vio- 
loncello, he  took  lessons  from  Walter  Pettit, 
ultimately  entering  the  R.A.M. ,  1877.     There 
he  had  for  instructors  Piatti  and  Pezze  for 
violoncello,  and  H.  C.  Banister  for  harmony. 
He   was   first   to   take   the   Bonamy   Dobree 
Prize  for  violoncello  playing,  1878  ;    and  after 
carrying  off  academic  honours,  was  appointed 
Professor   and   A. R.A.M.,    1883,    and   elected 
F.R.A.M.,  1895.      In  1891  he  was  made  Pro- 
fessor at  the  R.C.M.,  and  later  at  the  Royal 
College    of    Music,    Manchester.      He    is    a 
member  of  the  Royal   Society  of  Musicians 
Distiiiguished  as  a  solo  and  quartet  player,  he 
has   appeared    at   the   Popular   Concerts    St. 
James'  Hall  (from  1891),  and  many  high-class 
concerts  in  London  and  the  provinces ;  whilst 
as  a  teacher  he  counts  Paul  Ludwig,  Kate 
Ould,  and  other  performers  of  repute,  anong 
his  pupils.     James  Frederick  Whitehouse, 
bass  vocalist,  born  at  Windsor,  1860.     Chor- 
ister, St.  George's  Chapel ;  solo  and  head  boy ; 
now  Vicar  choral,  and  of  Her  Majesty's  Private 
Chapel,  Windsor  Castle.     Known  as  a  finished 
exponent  of  Bach's  vocal  music,   and  as  an 
able  teacher  of  singing,  also  as  violinist  and 
pianist.     Alfred  John  Whitehouse,  studied 
at  R.A.M.      Since  1878,  organist  and  choir- 
master, St.  John's,  Pimlico,  and  resident  in 
London  as  teacher  of  pf.,  organ,  and  violin, 
Whitfeld,  sec  Clarke-Whitfeld. 
Whitmore,    Charles    Shapland,   ama- 
teur composer,  born  at  Colchester  in  1805; 
died  in  1877.     He  was  a  major  in  the  army. 
Composer   of    the   celebrated    cavatina,    Isle 
of  Beauty  ("  Shades  of  evening")  first  issued 
about    1830,    arranged    by   T.    A.    Rawlings. 
This  appears  to  be  the  only  published  song 
of  any  importance  written  by  Whitmore. 

Whitten,  A.,  author  of  "  The  Music  of  the 
Ancients,  a  lecture  delivered  in  the  Normal 
School,Calcutta,  May  12,1866."  Calcutta,  1866. 


44G 


BlilTISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY, 


WHITTINGHAM. 

Whittingham,  Alfred,  organist  and 
•writer,  was  formerly  iu  business  as  a  dealer 
in  old  music,  etc.  Organist  of  St.  Michael's, 
Bassishaw,  London,  from  about  1878  until 
the  closing  of  the  church.  He  translated 
several  works  from  Felis,  Basevi,  and  others, 
which  were  published  in  the  Orchestra,  new 
series,  from  1882.  Author  of  Life  and  Works 
of  Mozart,  1880 ;  Life  and  Works  of  Handel, 
1881,  both  published  by  W.  Reeves.  Com- 
posed First  Studies  for  the  pf. ;  Musical  Time, 
20  easy  studies  in  C,  R.  Cocks.  Editor  and 
arranger  of  music  by  various  composers,  and 
writer  on  general  musical  subjects.  He  died 
suddenly  in  May,  1895. 

Whomes,  Joseph,  member  of  a  note- 
worthy family  of  organists.  His  father  was 
organist  of  Eltham  Church,  Kent ;  he  died 
in  1838.  Joseph  Whomes,  the  eldest  son, 
was  born  in  1817,  and  in  1833  was  appointed 
organist  at  Charlton -next -Woolwich,  and 
afterwards  to  Eltham  Church ;  Woolwich 
Parish  Church ;  and  lastly,  St.  George's 
Garrison  Church,  Woolwich,  a  post  he  still 
holds.  His  brother,  Henry  Whomes,  born 
in  182'J,  was  appointed  to  St.  Mary's,  Cray, 
Kent,  at  the  age  of  nine,  and  four  years  later, 
to  Eltham,  to  which  he  twice  returned  after 
holding  office  for  a  time  at  Sidcup  and  North 
•Cray.  He  was  an  organist  for  just  fifty 
years,  his  last  services  being  on  Christmas 
Day,  1888.  Two  days  later  he  had  a  paralytic 
seizure,  but  partly  recovered ;  on  the  9th  of 
April  following,  he  was  stricken  a  second 
time,  and  died  April  11.  He  was  a  sound 
musician,  but  his  retiring  disposition  caused 
him  to  be  but  little  known.  Joseph  Whl  mes 
had  two  sons,  organists :  Joseph,  who  died 
in  1876;  and  Frederick,  organist  of  the 
Dockyard  Church,  W^oolwich,  who  was  one 
of  the  unfortunate  victims  of  the  collision 
between  the  Bywell  Castle,  and  the  saloon 
boat.  Princess  Alice,  Septemb  r  3,  1878,  when 
the  latter  went  down  off  Woolwich,  more 
than  600  lives  being  lost.  He  was  a  thorough 
musician  and  able  teacher,  and  only  thirty 
jears  of  age  at  the  time  of  the  sad  disaster. 
A  sister,  Clara,  was  an  excellent  pianist, 
educated  at  the  R.A.M.  Settled  in  Sydney, 
Australia,  she  died  there  in  1884,  at  the  age 
of  thirty-one.  Emma,  another  daughter  of 
Joseph  Whomes,  is  at  the  present  time  organist 
of  St.  Mary's  Parish  Church,  Woolwich  ;  and 
Edmund,  nephew  of  Joseph  Whomes,  is  an 
organist  and  conductor  at  Bexley  Heath. 

Whyte,  James,  tenor  vocalist  and 
teacher,  born  at  Strathmiglo,  Fife,  September 
20,  1857.  Studied  under  Oakey,  McNaught, 
and  others,  and  is  a  Fellow  of  the  Tonic 
Sol-fa  College.  Precentor  successively  at 
Kilmany,  1877 ;  Brechin,  1881 ;  Free  St. 
Bernard's,  Edinburgh,  1888;  and  from  1892 
At  Dunoon,  and  conductor  at   the   Curwen 


WILD. 

Institute  of  Music.  He  has  translated  into 
Tonic  Sol-fa  notation  Loder's  Violin  Tutor, 
and  other  works ;  and  is  editor  of  Kohler's 
Sol-fa  violin  music,  etc. 

Whythorne  or  Whithorne  Thomas, 
composer  of  the  16th  century,  was  born  in 
:  1531.  He  composed  "  Songes  of  three,  fower, 
and  five  voyces  .  .  .  ,"  London,  Day,  1571. 
"  Bassavo,  Duos,  or  Songs  for  Two  Voices," 
1590. 

Whytock,  Janet  M.,  see  Patey. 

Wichello,  see  Whichello. 

Wigan,  Arthur  Cleveland,  musician 
and  author,  was  born  at  London  in  1815. 
He  composed  songs,  canzonets,  and  other 
vocal  music,  and  issued  a  "  Modulating  dic- 
tionary, consisting  of  552  modulations  with 
the  returns,"  London,  1852  ;  also  Miscella- 
neous Music,  vocal  and  instrumental,  London, 
[1839] . 

Wight,  Arthur  Norton,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Diisseldorf,  on  the  Rhine, 
in  1858,  his  parents  being  English,  and  at 
the  time  travelling  on  the  Continent.  Studied 
under  Otto  Lessmann  and  Oscar  Raif,  Berlin. 
Settled  in  London,  and  since  1884,  pianoforte 
master  at  Dulwich  College.  His  compositions 
consist  of  a  symphony  in  G  minor,  written 
for  the  Symphony  Orchestra,  Washington, 
U.S.A.,  1896;  two  overtures — "The  village 
fair  "  (London,  1893)  and  "  The  :\Ierry  Month 
of  May  "  (1894).  Sonata  in  C,  "  Kirmess," 
duet,  pf . ;  Berceuse,  pf .  and  oboe  ;  Six  minia- 
tures, pf.  Part-songs  and  songs.  Longfellow's 
"Norman  Baron,"  for  recitation,  with  pf. 
accompaniment,  etc.,  etc.  Several  of  his 
works  have  been  produced  with  success  on 
the  Continent  and  in  America. 

Wilbye,  John,  composer  of  the  16th 
century.  His  biography  is  very  obscure. 
In  1598  he  was  a  teacher  of  music  in  Austin 
Friars,  London.  He  composed  "Madrigals 
to  3,  4,  5,  and  6  Voices. ..."  London,  Este, 
1598.  Reprinted  by  IMusical  Antiquarian 
Society,  edited  by  James  Turle,  1841.  "  The 
Second  Set  of  5ladrigals,  to  3,  4,  5,  and  6 
parts,  apt  both  for  Voyals  and  Voyces," 
London,  1609.  Reprinted  by  Musical  An- 
tiquarian Society,  edited  by  G.  W.  Budd, 
1846.  "  The  Lady  Oriana,"  madrigal,  is  in 
the  "  Triumphs  of  Oriana."  Among  his 
best-known  madrigals  are  "  Flora  gave  me 
fairest  flowers,"  "Sweet  honey-sucking  bee," 
"  Die,  hapless  man,"  "  When  Chloris  heard," 
"Stay,  Corydon,"  "  Lady,  when  I  behold," 
"  Why  dost  thou  shoot,"  etc.  These  madri- 
gals are  among  the  sweetest,  most  appropriate, 
and  fanciful  pieces  of  pastoral  music  ever 
composed. 

Wild,  Margaret,  pianist.  Studied  at 
the  Leipzig  Couservatorium,  and  played  at 
the  Hauptprlifung  in  1882.  Gave  concerts  in 
London,  1885,  and  also  played  in  the  provinces. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


447 


WILKES. 

Studied  under  Madame  Schumann,  1886-8.  Re- 
turned to  London,  and  appeared  at  the  Mon- 
day Popular  Concerts,  November  28,  1888. 
Has  given  concerts  at  Princes'  and  St.  James's 
Halls,  annually,  and  has  gained  a  good  position 
among  the  younger  pianists  of  the  day 

Wilkes,  John,  organist  and  composer, 
was  organist  at  Monkland  Church,  near  Leo- 
miiaster,  about  1860.  He  studied  at  the 
R.A.M.,  and  composed  the  well-known  hymn 
tune,  "  Lyte,"  first  contributed  to  "  Hymns 
Ancient  and  Modern,"  1861. 

Wilkins,  Matthew,  organist  and  com- 
poser, who  was  born  at  Great  Milton,  Oxford, 
about  July,  1704,  and  died  there  in  August, 
1772.  He  was  a  butcher,  but  also  taught 
music.  Compiler  of  "  Book  of  Psalmody, 
containing  some  easy  instructions  for  young 
beginners,  to  which  is  added  a  select  number 
of  psalm  tunes,  hymns,  and  anthems  "[1730]. 

Wilkinson,  Sarah,  see  Mountain,  Sarah. 

Willard,  N.  Augustus,  author,  was  a 
captain  in  the  army  in  India.  Author  of 
"Treatise  on  the  Music  of  Hindoostan,  with 
ancient  and  modern  practice,"  Calcutta,  1834. 

Willems,  Miss,  see  Addison,  John. 

Williams,  Aaron,  teacher  and  publisher 
of  psalmody,  was  born  in  1731.  He  was  a 
"  music  engraver  in  West  Smithfield,  as  well  as 
a  teacher,  and  acted  as  clerk  to  the  Scotch 
Church  in  London  Wall,  London.  He  died 
at  London  in  1776.  He  compiled  and  pub- 
lished "The  Universal  Psalmodist,  containing 

1.  A  complete  introduction  to  psalmody .... 

2.  A  choice  and  valuable  collection  of  tunes . . " 
London,  n.d.,  3rd  edition,  1765  ;  4th  edition, 
1770.  "New  Universal  Psalmodist,"  1770. 
"  Harmonia  Ccfilestis,  or  the  harmony  of 
heaven  imitated,  a  collection  of  scarce  and 
much  esteemed  anthems. ..."  London,  n.d., 
6th  edition  [1775].  "  Psalmody  in  miniature, 
in  3  books,  containing  the  tenor  and  bass  of 
all  the  tunes  generally  used  in  churches, 
chapels,  or  dissenting  congregations,  London. 
1778.  Royal  Harmony,  or  the  beauties  of 
church  music.  ,  London  [1780]. 

Williams,  Albert,  bandmaster  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Newport,  Monmouthshire, 
March  14,  1863.  Joined  the  Depot  of  the  61st 
Regiment,  at  Bristol,  about  1878 ;  went  to  India 
in  1880  as  euphonium  player  in  the  band.  Re- 
ceived instruction  from  Barthmann,  the  band- 
master, and  at  the  Military  Exhibition  held  at 
Poona,  1884,  carried  off  first  and  second  prizes 
for  composition  and  arrangement.  Left  India 
in  December,  1885,  for  Kneller  Hall ;  and  in 
February,  1888,  was  appointed  bandmaster  of 
the  10th  Hussars.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  Ox- 
ford, 1891,  and  received  his  degree  wearing  the 
uniform  of  the  10th  Hussars.  In  1892  he 
succeeded  John  Winterbottom  as  bandmaster 
of  the  Royal  Marine  Artillery,  and  did  good 
work   at   Portsmouth,    where    he    remained 


WILLIAMS. 

until  1896,  when  he  was  appointed  bandmaster 
of  the  Grenadier  Guards  in  succession  to  Dan 
Godfrey.  His  compositions  include  Psalm 
30,  for  soli,  chorus,  and  orchestra.  Overtures, 
Heloise  and  Abelard,  Proserpine,  and  Plutus, 
for  orchestra.  Grand  marches.  Processional 
and  Ecclesiastical ;  waltzes,  etc.  Arrange- 
ments for  military  bands. 

Williams,  Anna,  soprano  vocalist,  born 
at  Campden  Hill,  London.  Daughter  of  W. 
Smith  Williams,  literary  adviser  to  Smith, 
Elder,  and  Co.,  publishers.  She  received 
lessons  from  H.  C.  Deacon  and  J.  B.  Welch, 
and  took  the  first  soprano  prize  at  the 
National  Music  Meetings,  Crystal  Palace, 
June  27,  1872.  Studied  at  Naples  under 
Domenico  Scafati,  and  made  her  first  appear- 
ance on  her  return  at  the  Crystal  Palace, 
January  27,  1874.  She  was  soon  engaged  in 
concert  work  ;  sang  in  the  revival  of  Handel's 
"  Susannah,"  Alexandra  Palace,  April  1, 
1876,  etc.  Her  first  festival  engagement  was 
at  Worcester,  1878,  then  at  Birmingham, 
1879,  and  Leeds,  1880.  As  an  oratorio  singer 
especially  she  gained  a  high  position.  At  the 
Birmingham  Festival  of  1891,  she  received  a 
handsome  present  from  the  Committee,  in 
acknowledgment  of  her  readiness  in  taking 
extra  work — Stanford's  "  Eden,"  etc. — on 
account  of  the  illness  of  Madame  Albani. 
She  has  appeared  in  opera,  but  her  reputation 
has  been  greatest  in  the  concert  room.  In 
1896  she  joined  the  teaching  staff  of  the 
R.C.M.  and  G.S.M. 

Williams,  Anne  and  Martha,  known  as 
the  Misses  Williams,  soprano  and  contralto 
vocalists,  born  at  Bitterley,  Salop,  in  1818 
and  1821,  respectively.  Studied  under  T.  S. 
Cooke  and  Luigi  Negri.  Sang  at  Stafford, 
Shrewsbury,  and  other  places,  1839-40 ;  at 
the  Hereford  Festivals,  1840-43  ;  Gloucester, 
1844 ;  Worcester,  1845  ;  and  Birmingham, 
1846,  taking  part  in  the  first  performance  of 
"  Elijah."  The  sisters  were  engaged  for  the 
Wednesday  concerts,  Exeter  Hall,  from  the 
commencement,  November  22, 1848.  Though 
of  repute  in  oratorio,  they  were  more  cele- 
brated for  their  finished  duet  singing.  Anne 
married.  May  13,  1850,  Mr.  Alfred  Price,  of 
Gloucester,  and  retired ;  Martha  sang  at  the 
Hereford  Festival,  1852 ;  was  married  to 
Charles  Lockey,  tenor  vocalist  (q.v.),  May  24, 
1853,  but  continued  her  professional  career 
to  1865.  She  is  now  resident  at  Brighton, 
with  her  husband. 

Williams,  Annie,  Welsh  contralto  vo- 
calist, who  appeared  successfully  as  a  concert 
singer.  For  some  time  she  was  organist  of  the 
We!>h  Chapel,  Jewin  Street,  London.  She 
died  at  London,  October  16,  1890. 

Williams,  Charles  Francis  Abdy,  com- 
poser and  organist,  born  at  Dawlish,  Devon, 
July  16,  1855.     Educated  for  the  Church,  at 


448 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WILLIAMS, 

Cambridge,  studying  music  as  an  amateur. 
Was  on  the  committee  of  University  Musical 
Society,  1876-8,  and  played  violin  in  its  con- 
certs. In  1879  he  went  to  New  Zealand,  and 
was  organist  of  St.  ]Mary's  Church,  Auckland. 
On  his  return  he  became  music  master  of 
Dover  College,  1881.  Graduated  B.A.,  1879; 
M.A.,  1882,  Cambridge.  In  1882  he  went  to 
Leipzig,  and  remained  three  years  at  the 
Conservatorium,  besides  taking  private  lessons 
from  Reineckc,  Papperitz,  Grell,  and  others. 
Organist  and  choirmaster  of  St.  IMary  Boltons, 
South  Kensington,  1885-91.  Graduated  JNIus. 
Bac,  Oxford,  1889;  Mus.  Bac,  Cambridge, 
1891.  Since  1895  he  has  been  organist  and 
music  master  at  Bradfield  College. 

Works. — Psalm  24,  and  29,  for  soli,  chorus 
and  strings ;  Communion  service  in  E  flat ; 
Evening  service  in  P  ;  Chants  for  Benedicite, 
etc.  Music  to  Euripides'  Alcestis,  written  in 
Greek  modes,  and  for  Greek  flutes  and  cithara 
produced  at  Bradfield  College,  June,  1895. 
Love's  philosophy  ;  My  true  love  hath  my 
heart,  and  other  songs.  Quartet  in  D  minor 
(1887);  Sonata  in  F,  pf.  and  'cello  (1888); 
Four  canons,  pf.,  violin,  and  clarinet  (1889), 
Musical  Artists'  Society.  Author  of  A  short 
historical  account  of  the  Degrees  in  ]Mi;sic  at 
Oxford  and  Cambridge,  with  a  Chronological 
List  of  Graduates  in  that  Faculty,  from  the 
year  1463,  London,  Novello,  1893.  Contri- 
butions on  Greek  Music  to  the  Classical 
Review  ;  Musical  Times  ;  and  MiisicaJ  Quar- 
terly Review  ;  on  Rhythm,  to  Musical  Xcics, 
1891.  Papers  on  various  subjects.  Musical 
AssociatioJi,  1891,  and  '98  ;  on  Elements  of 
Plain  Song,  Plain  Song  and  Mediaeval  Music 
Society,  1895,  etc. 

Williams,  Charles  Lee,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  conductor,  born  ^lay  1,  1852, 
fourth  son  of  Rev.  David  Williams,  rector  of 
Barnes,  Wiltshire.  Chorister  of  New  College, 
Oxford,  1861-5.  Pupil  of  Dr.  G.  B.  Arnold, 
and  assistant  organist  Winchester  Cathedral, 
1865-70  ;  organist  of  Upton  Church,  Torquay, 
1870  ;  tutor  and  organist,  St.  Columba  Col- 
lege, Dublin,  1873.  Graduated  Mus.  Bac, 
Oxford,  1876.  F.R.0.0.  Acting  organist  for 
a  time  (in  1876)  at  Winchester  Cathedral, 
during  an  illness  of  Dr.  Arnold  ;  then  ap- 
pointed to  Llandaff  Cathedral  the  same  year  ; 
and  in  1882,  became  organist  of  Gloucester 
Cathedral,  in  succession  to  C.  Harford  Lloyd. 
He  also  took  the  condiictorshipof  the  Gloucs- 
ter  Choral  Society,  the  first  concert  under  his 
direction  taking  place,  December  12,  1882. 
The  next  year  he  conducted  the  Gloucester 
Festival,  showing  great  ability  ;  and  continued 
in  that  until  his  resignation,  owing  to  failing 
health,  in  November,  1896.  He  also  con- 
ducted the  Worcester  Festival  of  1890.  From 
1886  he  gave  annual  series  of  organ  recitals 
in  Gloucester  Cathedral,  with  the  addition  of 


WILLIAMS. 

choral  music,  and  large  congregations  at- 
tended. Various  societies  in  Gloucester  were 
improved  through  his  help.  He  is  an  Hon. 
R..-^.M.,  and  Associate  of  the  Philharmonic 
Society. 

Works. ^Church  cantatas,  Bethany,  Glou- 
cester Festival,  1889  ;  Gethsemane,  the  same,. 
1892  ;  and  A  Dedication,  the  same,  1895. 
A  Harvest  Song  of  Praise,  Tewkesbury  Festi- 
val, 1895.  Te  Deum,  composed  for  South 
Shropshire  Choral  Association  Festival,  1895  ; 
Morning  and  evening  services ;  Thou  wilt 
keep  him ;  To  Thee,  O  Lord ;  and  other 
anthems.  Music,  a  choral  song,  Cheltenham 
Festival,  1893;  Twilight;  Kindred  hearts; 
If  doughty  deeds ;  The  song  of  the  Pedlar ; 
and  other  part-songs,  some  of  which  are 
extensively  popular  ;  Songs,  carols,  etc.  ; 
Gavotte  and  minuet ;  the  Gloucester  minuet, 
both  for  strings.  Chimes  of  Gloucester  Cath- 
edral, arranged  for  pf.,  etc. 

'SVilliams,  Evan,  Welsh  musician  and 
harpist  of  first  half  of  the  18th  centur}'.  He 
edited  "  Antient  British  Music,"  1772,  in 
association  with  Parry  of  Ruabon. 

Williams,  Frederick  Williams,  author, 
vocalist  and  conductor,  born  in  London  (?), 
1860.  Studied  at  G.S.M.  and  R.C.M.  Took 
the  Toronto  degree  of  Mus.  Bac,  1889. 
F.S.  A.  of  Scotland.  Gave  frequent  lectures 
on  musical  subjects,  1886-7.  Contributed  to 
the  musical  press,  and  was  the  composer  of 
some  pf.  pieces.  Author  of  a  History  of 
Music  for  Students;  and  the  Five  Great 
Schools  of  Composition,  Stanlej'  Lucas,  1889. 
He  died  at  Hastings,  iebruary  7,  1891,  at 
the  early  age  of  31. 

Williams,  George  Ebenezer,  composer 
and  organist,  was  born  in  1783.  He  was  a 
chorister  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  under  R. 
Bellamy,  and  in  1814  he  became  deputy- 
organist  of  Westminster  Abbey.  He  died  at 
London,  April  17,  1819.  He  composed  "  Sixty- 
Chants,  single  and  double,"  and  some  church 
and  secular  vocal  music.  Author  of  "  An 
Introduction  to  the  art  of  playing  on  the  pf." 
London  [1810]  ;  2nd  edition,  1815.  Exercises 
for  the  pf.  and  examining  questions  for  school 
classes.     London  [1815]. 

Williams,  Hamerton  John,  musician 
and  composer.  Edited  "  Mussp  Sacrse,  con- 
sisting of  Hymns,  Psalms,  and  Sacred  Songs- 
for  one,  two,  or  three  voices. "     London  [1838]. 

Williams,  Joseph,  clarinet  player  and 
composer,  born  in  1795.  He  was  a  director 
of  the  Philharmonic  Society,  and  a  member 
of  the  Queen's  private  band.  Died  at  London 
in  April,  1875.  He  composed  a  concerto  for 
the  clarinet,  produced  at  a  Hereford  Festival, 
some  dance  music,  and  wrote  an  instruction 
book  for  the  clarinet.  Edited  "  Christmas 
minstrelsy  of  carols,  anthems,  and  chants... 
revised  by  Gauntlett."     London  [1865]. 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


449 


WILLIAMS. 

Wniiams,  Joseph  (Florian  Pascal), 
composer,  born  in  London,  1850.  Son  of 
the  late  Joseph  WiUiams,  music  pubUsher. 
Studied  at  Zurich  and  Stuttgart. 

WoEKS. — Comic  Operas :  Cymbia,  or  the 
Magic  Thimble,  Strand  Theatre,  March  24, 
1883  ;  Gipsy  Gabriel,  Theatre  Royal,  Brad- 
ford, November  3,  1887.  The  Sirens  of  the 
Sea,  soprano  solo,  female  chorus  and  or- 
chestra ;  cantata,  The  Dream  Ship ;  Six 
sacred  songs.  Songs :  For  children  of  all 
ages ;  May  Morn  ;  Captain's  Daughter ; 
More  than  all,  etc.  Songs  of  the  Upper 
Thames  (William  Mackay),  1896.  Six  vocal 
duets ;  Masque  of  Flowers,  little  suite  for 
treble  voices  ;  overtures;  suites  for  orchestra  ; 
trios,  pf.  and  strings  ;  pieces  for  'cello  and 
pf.,  etc. ;  Six  Scandinavian  Sketches,  pf. 

Williams,  Lucas,  bass  vocalist,  born  at 
Treforest,  Glamorganshire,  February  17, 
1852.  In  his  eleventh  year  he  removed  to 
Stockton-on-Tees,  where  for  some  time  he 
was  a  roller  in  the  ironworks.  As  a  boy  he 
had  a  good  contralto  voice,  and  was  taught 
by  John  Thomas  (q-v.)  ',  learned  the  Tonic 
Sol-Fa  from  William  Harris,  at  Stockton  ; 
took  the  elementary  and  intermediate  cer- 
tificates from  John  Roberts  (q.v.) ;  and  learnt 
harmony  analysis  through  the  postal  classes 
of  the  Tonic  Sol-Fa  College.  While  engaged 
as  a  workman  he  conducted  a  choir,  and  was 
the  winner  of  prizes  in  local  Eisteddfodau. 
In  1875  he  won  the  baritone  prize  at  the 
Pwllheli  National  Eisteddfod,  and  entered 
the  R.A.M.  the  next  year.  After  a  few 
months  at  the  Academy  he  went  under  Georg 
Henschel,  and,  later,  studied  under  Ran- 
degger.  He  soon  gained  a  reputation  as  an 
oratorio  singer,  and  his  popularity  in  the 
North  of  England  is  very  great.  He  has 
been  on  tour  with  Sims  Reeves,  and  has  sung 
at  the  Royal  Albert  Hall  Concerts  the  part 
of  Sennacherib  in  ^lancinelli's  "  Isaias " 
(February  20,  1889),  and  appeared  in  many 
important  works ;  he  has  also  acted  as  ad- 
judicator at  Eisteddfodau. 

Williams  (Maria  Jane),  Llinos,  soprano 
singer  and  editor,  born  in  Glamorgan,  Oc- 
tober 9,  1793 ;  died  November  10,  1873. 
Compiler  of  "  Ancient  national  airs  of  Gwent 
and  Morganwg  :  being  a  collection  of  original 

Welsh    melodies    hitherto   unpuLilished " 

Llandovery,  1844.  This  work,  in  a  less  per- 
fect state,  was  awarded  a  prize  at  the  Aber- 
gavenny Eisteddfod  of  1838. 

Williams,  Owen,  composer  and  editor, 
was  a  native  of  Anglesey.  Issued  "  Bren- 
hinal  GaniaJau  Sion,  neu  Gynghanedd 
newydd  gymraeg  j'n  cvnwys...."  London 
[1830],  arranged  by  S.  Wesley  and  V. 
Novello. 

Williams,  Owen  Jones,  musician,  who 
published  in  parts  a  work  entitled,   "  Psal- 


WILLIAMS. 

modia  Cambro  Britannica,  or  the  original 
English  and  Welsh  psalmody,"'  London 
[1826]. 

Williams,  Sidney,  violinist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Newport,  Monmouthshire,  in 
1844.  Appeared  as  soloist  when  eleven  years 
of  age.  Was  sometime  leader  of  the  band  at 
Sadler's  Wells,  and  afterwards  at  the  Surrey 
Theatre.  Occupied  the  position  of  musical 
director  of  the  Cheltenham  Theatre  for  many 
years,  and  composed  the  music  for  a  number 
of  pantomimes.  Organist  of  the  Unitarian 
Church,  Cheltenham,  and  teacher  of  the 
violin.  He  has  composed  a  number  of  pieces 
for  violin,  Swing  song.  Eventide,  Lelia,  and 
others. 

Williams,  Thomas,  musician  of  18th 
century,  compiled  "  Psalmodia  Evangelica,  a 
complete  set  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes  for 
public  worship,"  1789. 

Another  Thomas  Williams,  or  perhaps  the 
same,  who  lived  on  Clerkenwell  Green,  London, 
issued  "Instructions  in  miniature  for  learning 
Psahnody,"  London  [1800] . 

Williams,  Thomas,  Hafeexydd,  bom 
at  Llanidloes,  Montgomery,  December  7, 1807. 
Published  a  number  of  collections  of  tunes, 
anthems  (1845,  1852,  1860,  etc.),  and  the 
choruses  of  the  Great  Masters  arranged  to 
Welsh  words,  and  which  were  of  much  service. 
He  also  published  a  Musical  Grammar  and 
Dictionary.  He  died  at  Llanidloes,  Decem- 
ber 16,  1894. 

Williams,  Thomas  E.,  composer,  who 
was  born  in  latter  part  of  last  century,  and 
died  at  London  in  November,  1854,  at  an 
advanced  age.  He  composed  the  Larboard 
Watch,  duet,  and  a  large  number  of  songs : 
Army  and  na\-)' ;  Bright  sword  no  more  in 
anger  drawn  ;  Call  to  battle  ;  Devil  and  St. 
Anthony ;  First  vid  de  grace ;  Kiss,  dear  maid ; 
Lord  UUin's  daughter ;  Not  a  drum  was 
heard ;  Pride  of  the  ocean,  etc.  He  also 
wrote  quadrilles,  and  other  music  for  the  pf. 

Williams,  Warwick,  composer  and 
bandmaster,  born  at  Holborn,  London,  in 
1846.  His  father  was  in  the  East  India 
Company's  service,  and  the  boy  went  with 
him  to  India  in  1856,  remaining  there  four 
years,  during  the  period  of  the  mutiny.  He 
learned  to  play  the  cornet,  and  after  being  in 
several  orchestras,  became  bandmaster  of  the 
3rd  West  Yorkshire  Vohmteer  Regiment  in 
1869.  He  joined  the  Mohawk  Minstrels,  for 
which  association  he  composed  more  than  a 
hundred  songs  and  ballads.  Was  co-conductor 
of  the  London  INIilitary  Band,  1891,  while 
D.  Godfrey,  Junior,  was  in  South  Africa ; 
and  in  1893  was  appointed  professional  musi- 
cal adviser  to  the  London  County  Council 
regarding  bands  in  parks,  etc.  Editor  of  the 
Eclipse  Journal  for  bands,  since  its  establish- 
ment.    He  has  composed  the  overtures.  On 

D2 


450 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WILLIAMS. 

the  mountains,  Eclipse,  Morimo,  and  others  ; 
and  much  dance  music  of  a  popular  kind, 
besides  songs,  etc. 

Williams,  W.  Langton,  composer  and 
didactic  writer,  born  about  1832.  Author  of 
.(Esop's  Fables,  versified  and  arranged  for  pf. 
Composer  of  pf.  album,  Home  pictures, 
twelve  pieces  ;  numerous  songs,  etc.  He  died 
of  apoplexy,  December  23,  1896,  aged  G4. 

Williams,  William  Aubrey,  Gwilym 
GwENT.  Born  at  Tredegar,  Monmouth,  July 
28,  1834.  A  working  miner  who  gained  the 
reputation  of  being  the  best  Glee  writer 
Wales  has  produced.  Lacking  in  musical 
culture  and  scholarship,  he  had  a  rich  fui:d 
of  melody,  and  an  intuitive  grasp  of  the 
characteristics  of  various  forms.  He  was  a 
prolific  writer,  and  probably  competed  more, 
and  won  more  prizes,  than  any  other  Welsh 
composer.  His  compositions  included  several 
cantatas,  to  one  of  which,  "  The  Prodigal 
Son,"  was  awarded  a  prize  at  the  National 
Eisteddfod,  Aberystwith,  1865.  He  also 
produced  anthems,  choruses,  trios,  duets, 
hymn  tunes,  glees,  and  part-songs.  In  1872 
he  emigrated  to  America,  and  died  at  Ply- 
mouth, Pennsylvania,  July  3,  1891.  In  1895, 
by  public  subscription,  a  monument  was 
erected  over  his  grave  in  HoUenback  Cemetery, 
W'ilkesbarre,  Pa. 

Williamson,  T.  Q.,  musician,  published 
"Twelve  original  Hindoostanee  airs"  op.  4. 
London  [1797]  ;  and  a  "  Second  collection  of 
twelve  original  Hindoostanee  airs,"  op.  9. 
London,  1798.  Composer  of  Six  favourite 
sonatinas  for  the  pf.,  op.  1 ;  Six  grand  troops 
with  six  quicksteps,  op.  6.  Thirty  little  airs 
for  two  flutes  or  violins,  op.  7.  Ten  easy 
lessons  for  the  pf.,  op.  8.  Songs:  Bird's  nest, 
Gipsey,  Lubin's  return,  Pretty  Nell,  Wooden 
leg. 

Willing,  Christopher  Edwin,  organist 
and  conductor,  born  in  Devon,  February  28, 
1830.  Son  of  Christopher  Willing,  alto 
vocalist  and  Assistant-Gentleman  of  the 
Chapel  Royal  (born  1804;  died  May  12, 1840). 
Chorister  of  Westminster  Abbey,  under  Jas. 
Turle,  1839.  Organist  of  Blackheath  Park 
Church;  and  assistant-organist,  Westminster 
Abbey.  Organist  of  Foundling  Hospital,  May 
11,  1848,  and  musical  director  shortly  after, 
resigning  in  November,  1879;  also  organist 
concurrently  at  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden, 
1857,  and  All  Saints',  Margaret  Street,  1860- 
1868.  Organist,  Her  Majesty's  Theatre, 
1848-57,  and  chorus-master  at  Covent  Garden 
Opera.  In  1883  Sir  Michael  Costa  presented 
him  with  a  collection  of  batons  as  a  souvenir 
of  their  official  connection.  In  1882  he 
formed,  from  the  old  Sacred  Harmonic,  a 
choir  bearing  his  name,  and  gave  concerts, 
1882-5.  Later  he  was  conductor  of  the  St. 
Alban's    Choral    Union,    and     its    triennial 


WILSON. 

festivals.  He  has  composed  some  songs,  the 
well-known  hymn  tune  "  Alstone  "  ("  We  are 
but  little  children  "),  and  other  works. 

Willis,  Mary,  mezzo-soprano  vocalist, 
pupil  of  ]\Iadam  Sainton-Dolby.  !Made  her 
first  public  appearance  at  a  concert  of  Madame 
Dolby's  Vocal  Academy,  December  14,  1882. 
Sang  at  various  concerts,  and  took  the  part 
of  Gipsy  in  Macfarren's  "  Jessy  Lea,"  1890. 
Has  given  concerts  in  Steinway  Hall,  1891, 
etc. 

Willman,  Thomas  Lindsay,  clarinet 
player,  son  of  a  German,  who  in  the  latter 
half  of  the  18th  century  came  to  England  as 
a  military  bandmaster.  Neither  date  nor 
place  of  the  son's  birth  are  known.  He  be- 
came principal  clarinet  of  the  Opera  and 
other  orchestras  about  1816,  and  was  master 
of  the  Grenadier  Guards'  band.  From  1817 
to  18.39  he  played  solos  at  the  Philharmonic 
Concerts,  and  was  considered  the  most  deli- 
cate and  finished  player  of  his  time.  He  died 
in  London,  November  28,  1840,  at  the  stated 
age  of  56,  but  he  was  supposed  to  have  been 
much  older. 

Willmore,  Walter  Graham,  organist, 
born  in  London,  IMay  24,  1851,  son  of  the  late 
Arthur  Willmore,  the  eminent  line  engraver. 
Chorister  at  Chapel  Royal,  Whitehall,  1860-3, 
and  pupil,  for  organ,  of  George  Cooper.  Went 
to  United  States  of  America,  and  was  organist 
of  St.  Mark's,  Philadelphia,  1874-6,  and  of 
the  Roosevelt  organ  built  for  the  Centennial 
Exhibition  of  1876.  Two  years  later  he  was 
established  as  organist  of  All  Saints'  Brisbane, 
Australia,  a  position  he  retained  till  1893.  He 
visited  England  in  1883,  and,  as  a  member  of 
the  College  of  Organists,  keeps  up  relation 
with  the  mother  country. 

Willoughby,  Robert,  musician  of  latter 
part  of  last  and  beginning  of  the  present  cen- 
turies. Edited  "  Social  Harmony,  being  a 
choice  collection  of  catches,  glees,  etc.,  for 
two,  three,  and  four  voices  .  .  ,"  London, 
[1810] ,  2  vols.  "  Sacred  Harmony,  consisting 
of  a  collection  of  Anthems,"  London  [1800]. 
A  short  and  easy  introduction  to  vocal  music, 
London  [1802]. 

Willy,  John  Thomas,  violinist,  was  born 
at  London,  July  24,  1812.  He  established  an 
orchestra  in  London,  which  gave  concerts  for 
some  years.  With  T.  Cooke  he  was  principal 
violin  at  the  Birmingham  Festival  of  1846, 
and  played  also  at  the  Three  Choir  Festivals. 
Composed  music  for  the  "  Young  Widow," 
1843.  Died  at  Clapham,  London,  August  8, 
1885.  His  son,  J.  H.  Willy,  who  was  an 
organist,  died  at  Madras,  October  12,  1869. 

Wilson,  Mrs.  Cornwall  Baron,  com- 
poser and  lyric  poet  of  the  present  century.  In 
1837  she  gained  the  prize  of  the  Melodist's 
Club,  and  also  medals  at  Bardic  Festivals  in 
Wales.      She  died  at   London,    January  12, 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


451 


WILSON. 

1846.  Composer  of  Songs  of  the  ship  ;  Water 
music,  a  collection  of  national  melodies., 
arranged  with  a  guitar  accompaniment,  Lon- 
don [18.S5] .  The  Lyrist's  Offering.  She  also 
wrote  many  detached  songs  to  her  own  words  ; 
wrote  the  poetry  for  Parry's  Welsh  Melodies, 
vol,  3 ;  and  edited  Memoirs  of  the  Duchess 
of  St.  Albans. 

Wilson,  Daniel  Ferguson,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Kilmarnock,  October  6, 
1859.  Studied  under  A.  L.  Peace  and  others. 
Graduated  Mus.  Bac,  1886;  Mus.  Doc,  1894. 
Oxford.  Organist  of  St.  Marnock's  Parish 
Church,  1874;  Parish  Church,  Ayr,  1878; 
and  of  Ayr  Town  Hall,  1880.  His  composi- 
tions are  Psalin  30,  for  soli,  chorus  and  strings ; 
Cantata,  Legend  of  the  Drachenfels.  He  has 
arranged  as  part-songs,  John  Anderson,  my 
Jo  ;    My  heart  is  sair,  etc. 

Wilson,  Haydn,  organist  and  composer 
of  the  first  half  of  the  present  century.  He 
was  organist  of  St.  Mary's,  Newington,  Lon- 
don. Composer  of  Six  Overtures  for  pf.,  with 
accompaniment  for  flute,  violin  and  violon- 
cello [1828].  Six  Waltzes  for  pf.  [1850]. 
Other  instrumental  and  vocal  pieces. 

Wilson,  Hilda  (Matilda  Ellen),  contralto 
"  vocalist,  born  at  Monmouth,  April  7,  1860. 
The  daughter  of  a  musician  (her  father, 
James  Wilson,  was  bandmaster  of  the 
Monmouth  Volunteer  Corps,  and  afterwards 
held  important  posts  at  Gloucester),  her 
earliest  childhood  was  devoted  to  the  art. 
Her  parents  removing  to  Gloucester,  she 
became  a  member  of  the  choir  of  St.  Michael's 
Church,  and  appeared  as  a  solo  vocalist  at 
concerts  of  the  Gloucester  Choral  Society, 
1874-5.  In  1879  she  entered  the  R.A.M.,  and 
was  Westmorland  Scholar,  1880-1 ;  and 
Parepa-Rosa  Prizeholder,  1882.  Elected 
A.R.A.M.  She  sung  in  the  quartets,  etc.,  in 
"  Elijah,"  and  in  Palestrina's  Stabat  Mater, 
at  the  Gloucester  Festival  of  1880 ;  was 
second  contralto  at  Worcester,  1881  ;  at 
Hereford,  1882 ;  added  to  her  reputation  at 
'the  Leeds  Festival,  1883  ;  and  was  first  con- 
tralto at  Norwich  Festival,  1887.  She  had 
by  that  time  acquired  a  leading  position,  and 
at  the  Philharmonic  concerts,  Birmingham 
Festival,  1891,  and  the  chief  concerts  in  the 
Kingdom,  worthily  sustained  it.  In  1890  she 
began  a  series  of  vocal  recitals,  assisted  by 
her  sister  and  two  brothers,  at  Steinway  Hall. 

Agnes  Wilson,  her  sister,  also  a  contralto 
vocalist,  was  born  at  Gloucester,  October  8, 
1864.  She  studied  at  the  G.S.M.  under 
Visetti,  and  at  R.A.M  under  W.  Shakespeare. 
Appeared  at  concerts  in  1887  ;  has  sung  with 
success  at  the  Lincoln  and  Hovingham 
Festivals ;  and  took  part  in  the  Hereford 
Festival  of  1894.  She  has  also  sung  at  the 
principal  London  and  provincial  concerts. 
She  is  a  professor  of  singing  at  the  Blackheath 


WILSON. 

Conservatoire,  and,  with  her  brother  W.  S. 
Wilson,  director  and  professor  of  the  West 
London  Conservatoire  of  Music. 

H.  J.  Lane  Wilson,  pianist,  organist,  and 
composer,  was  born  at  Gloucester.  Removed 
to  London  in  1882,  and  studied  under  F.  G. 
Cole.  Later  he  studied  at  R.A.M. ,  singing 
under  A.  Oswald,  and  composition  under 
F.  Corder.  In  1888  he  was  engaged  as  accom- 
l^anist  on  Madame  IMinnie  Hank's  tour,  and 
has  had  much  work  of  that  kind,  besides  touring 
with  Madame  Albani  in  America,  1895-6. 
He  has  composed  a  Meditation  for  strings, 
performed  at  Cheltenham  Festival,  1893,  etc. ; 
an  Ave  Maria  for  soprano,  with  pf.,  violin, 
and  organ,  sung  by  Madame  Albani,  Queen's 
Hall,  April  20,  1895;  A  mother's  vigil; 
Voices  of  the  Angels ;  Annette ;  and  other 
songs. 

W.  Stkoud  Wilson,  violinist,  and  baritone 
vocalist  was  born  at  Gloucester,  May  20, 
1868.  Studied  the  violin  under  his  father, 
and  later  at  the  Guildhall  School  and  R.A.M. 
under  the  late  Francis  Ralph.  He  was 
engaged  by  Mr.  Cowen  for  the  orchestral 
concerts  at  Melbourne  Exhibition,  1888-9; 
has  also  toured  in  America.  Was  leader  in 
Madame  Marie  Roze's  "  Carmen  "  tour,  and 
is  a  member  of  the  orchestras  of  the  Royal 
Italian  opera,  Crystal  Palace,  Queen's  Hall 
Promenade  concerts,  and  the  provincial 
festivals.  He  is  solo  baritone  in  the  choir  of 
Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Square,  and  director 
and  professor  of  the  West  London  Conservatoire 
of  Music. 

Wilson,  Hugh,  shoemaker  and  amateur 
composer,  was  born  at  Fenwick,  Ayrshire,  in 
1764.  He  was  originally  a  shoemaker  with 
his  father  in  Fenwick,  and  occasionally 
acted  as  precentor  in  the  Secession  Church 
there.  He  afterwards  went  to  PoUokshaws, 
near  Glasgow,  and  subsequently  resided  at 
Duntocher  in  Dumbartonshire  as  manager  in 
a  mill.  He  died  at  Duntocher,  August  14, 
1824,  and  is  buried  in  the  churchyard  of  Old 
Kilpatrick.  He  composed  a  number  of  psalm 
tunes,  but  his  chief  claim  to  remembrance 
lies  in  his  well-known  tune  "Martyrdom," 
which  for  many  years  has  been  a  favourite 
with  congregations  in  Scotland. 

Wilson,  James  W.,  musician  and  editor, 
issued  "  Musical  Cyclopaedia,  being  a  col- 
lection of  songs  with  appropriate  music.  To 
which  is  added  an  essay  on  the  first  principles 
of  Music,"  London  [1835].  New  edition, 
1852.     The  essay  is  by  W.  Grier  {q.v.). 

Wilson,  John,  composer  and  lute  player, 
born  at  Faversham,  Kent,  April  5,  1594.  He 
was  made  Mus.  Doc,  Oxon.,  1644.  After- 
wards he  resided  with  the  family  of  Sir  Wm. 
Walter  of  Sarsden,  Oxfordshire,  as  music 
master,  from  1646.  He  was  professor  of 
music  at  Oxford  University,  1656-1662.   Gen- 


452 


BRITISH  MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


WILSON. 

tleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  chamber 
musician  to  Charles  II.,  1662.  He  died  at 
Westminster,  February  22,  1673.  Supposed 
by  Rimbault  to  have  been  the  Jack  Wilson 
who  sang  in  Shakespeare's  plays.  He  com- 
posed "  Psalterium  Carolium,  the  devotions  of 
his  Sacred  Majestie  in  his  solitude  and  suffeiv 
ings,  rendered  in  verse,  set  to  musick  for  three 
voices,  and  an  organ  or  theorbo,"  London, 
1657 ;  "Cheerful  Airs  or  Ballads,  first  composed 
for  one  single  voice,  and  since  set  for  three 
voices,"  Oxford,  1660;  "Aires  for  a  voice  alone 
to  a  theorbo  or  bass  viol.  Divine  services  and 
anthems,"  1663;  "Fantasias  for  viols." 

Wilson,  John,  tenor  vocalist  and  com- 
poser, was  born  in  the  Canongate,  Edinburgh, 
December  25,  1800.  He  was  apprenticed  to 
the  printing  trade  in  1810,  and  afterwards 
became  reader  for  the  press  in  Ballantyne's 
printing  office,  Edinburgh.  He  studied  music 
under  John  Mather  and  B.  Gleadhill,  and 
was  a  choir-singer  in  Duddingston  Parish 
Church,  where  the  Rev.  John  Thomson  was 
pastor.  He  was  married  about  1820,  and 
became  precentor  of  the  Relief  Church,  Rox- 
burgh Place,  Edinburgh,  and  of  St.  Mary's, 
1825.  He  sang  at  concerts  in  Edinburgh, 
and  studied  for  a  time  under  Finlay  Dun, 
and  singing  in  London,  under  Lanza,  1827, 
and  Crivelli,  1830 ;  also  harmony  under 
Aspull.  First  appeared  in  opera,  as  Harry 
Bertram  in  "  Guy  Mannering,"  Edinburgh, 
March,  1830.  Sang  in  opera  in  London, 
from  1830,  and  became  highly  successful  in 
English  opera  at  Covent  Garden,  Drury  Lane, 
and  other  theatres.  He  afterwards  travelled 
in  Britain  giving  his  Songs  of  Scotland  enter- 
tainment, and  appeared  as  a  concert  and 
opera  singer  till  1838.  Appeared  in  the  United 
Slates,  1838,  and  visited  Canada  in  18^9.  He 
died  at  Quebec,  July  8,  1849. 

One  of  the  most  successful  Scottish  singers. 
His  entertainments  consisted  of  Nights  with 
Burns  ;  Jacobite  songs;  Lady  of  the  Lake, 
1848 ;  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  1847,  etc. ;  and 
were  very  well  patronised  wherever  he  ap- 
peared. He  published  "  Wilson's  edition  of 
the  Songs  of  Scotland,  as  sung  by  him  at  his 
entertainments  on  Scottish  Music  and  Song," 
London,  1842,  3  books.  A  Selection  of  Psalm 
tunes,  sanctuses,  doxologies,  etc.,  for  the  use 
of  the  congregation  of  St.  Mary's  Church, 
Edinburgh,  1825.  The  songs  Love  wakes  and 
weeps.  Hail  to  the  Chief,  Bonnie  Bessie  Lee, 
Auld  Joe  .N'icolson's  bonny  Nannie,  etc.,  were 
introduced  by  him,  and  by  many  are  believed 
to  be  his  own  compositions. 

Wilson,  Joseph  William,  composer  of 
the  present  time.  Ho  has  written  a  church 
oratorio,  "  The  Earthly  and  Heavenly  Har- 
vest," produced  at  St.  Mary's  Church,  Wands- 
worth, April  10,  1888;  also  an  opera,  "Donna 
Theresa,"  performed,  Wandsworth,  1885. 


WINDSOR. 

Wilson,  Leigh,  professional  name  of 
William  Edward  Cockram,  a  tenor  vocalist, 
who  was  born  at  Bristol  in  1836.  He  was  son 
of  John  Cockram,  music-seller  there.  He  was 
a  singer  of  great  promise  and  made  a  very 
good  impression  when  he  first  appeared.  Died 
in  London,  of  brain  fever,  in  February,  1870, 
aged  34. 

Wilson,  Marmaduke  Charles,  composer 
and  pianist,  was  born  at  London  in  1796. 
Teacher  and  pianist  in  London.  He  died 
a^ter  1870.  Composer  of  Sonata  for  pf.  op. 
10  ;  Duet  for  harp  and  pf.  op.  15 ;  Rondoletto 
for  pf .  op.  7  ;  Polonaise  for  pf .  op.  12 ;  Les 
plaisirs  de  Printemps,  pf.      Duets,  songs,  etc. 

Wilson,  Mary  Ann,  see  sub.  Welsh 
Thomas. 

Wilson,  Matthew,  Scottish  amateur 
composer,  who  flourished  in  Glasgow  in  the 
first  half  of  the  present  century.  He  studied 
music  under  John  Turnbull  and  appears  to 
have  been  an  accompanist  at  free  and  easy 
concerts  in  Glasgow.  To  the  "Lyric  Gems  of 
Scotland "  and  other  collections  he  contri- 
buted a  number  of  songs,  among  which  may 
be  named  "  ]\Ieet  me  on  the  gowan  lea," 
"Sweet  Jessie  o'  the  dell,"  "  Mary  and  me," 
"  INIorag's  Faery  Glen,"  "  0  far  may  ye  roam." 
He  also  wrote  several  hymn  tunes,  among 
which  may  be  named  "Drumclog." 

Wilson  W.,  author  of  a  "  New  Dictionary 
of  Music,"  London  [1830]. 

Wilton,  Fanny  W.,  see  Lablache, 
Fanny  \V. 

Wilton,  Thomas  Egerton,  2nd  Earl 
of,  composer,  born  December  30,  1799 ;  died 
March  7,  1882.  Composer  of  "  Hymn  to- 
Eros;"  "0,  praise  the  Lord;"  anthem, 
chants,  and  other  vocal  music. 

Winchester,  Ernest  Charles,  organist 
and  composer,  born  at  Osborne,  May  22, 
1854.  Organist  and  CM.,  Christ  Church, 
Southwark.  Compositions  :  If  ye  love  Me  ; 
The  Lord  is  my  Shepherd ;  I  will  give 
thanks;  and  other  anthems.  Te  Deum  and 
Benedictus  ;  Eight  settings  of  the  Te  Deum  ;. 
Jubilate;  Preces  and  responses;  Communion 
Service,  Kyries,  Offertory  sentences,  etc. 
Six  original  hymn  tunes ;  Litanies,  etc. ; 
Crowning  the  ^lay  Queen,  trio. 

Windle,  Walter  Wardle,  organist,  born 
at  Chesterfield.  Chorister  when  eight  at 
Chesterfield  Parish  Church,  and  pupil  of 
Thomas  Tallis  Trimnell,  and  later  of  Dr. 
Spark.  Organist  of  Parish  Church,  Briming- 
tou,  when  sixteen  ;  and  since  1882  of  Belper 
Parish  Church.  In  1886  he  was  appointed 
conductor  of  Ripley  (Derby)  Choral  Union. 
He  has  given  organ  recitals  in  many  places. 
Composer  of  Supplemental  Hymn  tunes, 
Kyries,  doxologies,  and  chants  ;  Six  Kyries, 
etc. 

Windsor,    James    W.,    composer    and. 


BUITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


453 


WINGHAM. 

pianist,  was  born  at  London  in  1776.  He  was 
a  teacher  in  Bath,  and  died  there  on  January 
28, 1853.  He  harmonized  a  number  of  popular 
songs  and  composed  some  vocal  music. 

Wingham,  Thomas,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  Loudon,  January  5,  1846. 
When  ten  years  old  he  became  organist  of 
St.  ^lichael's  ilission  Church,  Southwark. 
Studied  at  London  Academy  of  Music,  1863  ; 
entered  R.A.M.,  1867,  studying  under  W.  S. 
Bennett  and  Harold  Thomas.  Li  1871  he 
was  appointed  a  professor  of  the  pf.  there, 
and  afterwards  elected  a  Fellow.  He  was 
also  a  professor  at  the  G.S.M.  In  1864  he 
was  appointed  organist  of  All  Saints',  Padding- 
ton  ;  and  he  was  musical  director  at  the 
Oratory,  Brompton,  from  1882  until  the  time 
of  his  death,  which  took  place  in  Loudon, 
March  24,  1893. 
'  Works. — Mass  in  D,  produced,  Antwerp 
Cathedral,  1876  ;  Mass,  Brompton,  1887  ;  Te 
Deum,  for  voices,  orchestra  and  organ,  Bromp- 
ton, 1884  ;  Motets,  offertories  (composed  for 
Antwerp  Cathedral),  and  other  church  music. 
Songs.  Orchestral :  Symphony,  No.  1,  in  D 
minor  (composed  at  R.A.M.,  1869) ;  No.  2,  in 
B  fiat.  Crystal  Palace,  March  23,  1872 ;  No. 
-3,  in  E  minor,  with  choral  finale,  1873  ;  No. 
4,  Crj'stal  Palace,  April  28,  i883.  Concert 
overture.  No.  1,  in  C,  composed  for  the  Jubilee 
of  the  R.A.M.,  1872 ;  No.  2,  in  E,  Eros, 
Crystal  Palace,  November  27,  1875  ;  No.  3,  in 
D,  choral,  Alexandra  Palace,  May  10,  1877  ; 
N".  4,  in  F,  Fair  laughs  the  morn.  Crystal 
Palace,  February  16,  1878 ;  No.  5,  in  A, 
Brigliton  Festival,  1879  ;  No.  6,  in  D,  Mors 
Janua  Vitae,  Leeds  Festival,  1880.  Elegy  on 
the  death  of  Sterndale  Bennett,  Crystal  Palace, 
March  6,  1875 ;  Serenade  in  E  flat  Phil- 
harmonic Society,  March  26,  1885.  Concert 
Capriccio,  pf.  and  orchestra  ;  String  quartets, 
in  B  fiat  and  G  minor.  Septet  for  pf.,  strings, 
and  wind,  and  an  opera  Nala  and  Damayanti, 
left  unfinished.  Only  a  Barcarolle  for  pf., 
and  one  or  two  songs  by  this  composer  have 
been  published. 

Winn,  Rowland  Mellor,  pianist,  organist 
and  composer,  born  in  Birmingham,  April  24, 
1856.  Descended  from  musical  families,  by 
both  parents,  his  mother's  maiden  name  being 
Mellor.  Articled  pupil  of  A.  R.  Gaul.  Gra- 
duated Mus.  B.,  1876;  Mus.  D.,  1883,  Oxford. 
F.R.C.O.  Organist  and  choirmaster,  Har- 
borne  Parish  Church,  from  1874.  Has 
appeared  as  solo  pianist  at  Mr.  Stockley's 
Orchestral,  and  other  concerts,  and  is  widely 
known  as  an  able  accompanist.  He  has  com- 
posed an  oratorio,  "  The  Sea  of  Galilee,"  and 
has  published  part-songs  and  pf.  pieces  ;  also 
"  Sixty-one  Melodies  and  unfigured  basses  " 
(Novello),  1891. 

Winn,  William,  baritone  vocalist  and 
composer,  born  at  Bramham,  Yorkshire,  May  8, 


WINTERBOTTOM. 

1828.  Gentleman  of  Chapel  Royal,  1864. 
Vicar  choral  of  St.  Paul's  London,  1867.  He 
died  at  Willesden,  near  London,  June  4, 
1888,  aged  60.  Well-known  as  a  baritone  singer 
of  great  ability,  and  for  his  connection  with 
various  Glee  and  Quartet  parties  in  London 
and  elsewhere.  Composer  of  Glees :  Autumn 
(1868);  Go  rose,  prize  glee,  1870.  Life:  Who 
falls  in  fight,  etc.  Songs  :  England's  gallant 
defenders.  Evening  thoughts,  Gipsy  charms, 
Her  pathway  strewn  with  flowers.  Nothing 
more,  Old  ice  king.  Quite  by  chance,  Who 
wins  the  bride.  Wild  old  woods,  etc. 

His  daughter,  Flore^tce  Wixx,  made  her 
debut  as  a  contralto  singer  at  a  concert  of  her 
father's  in  St.  James'  Hall,  London,  May  31, 
1881. 

Winny,  H.,  organist  and  conductor,  for 
many  years  an  active  musical  worker  in 
South  Africa.  As  pianist  he  assisted  in 
concerts  at  Grahams  Town  from  1883 ;  and 
conducted  the  Handel  Bicentenary  Festival 
in  the  Town  Hall  there,  wheu  "  Israel  in 
Egypt  "  was  performed  for  the  first  time  in 
South  Africa,  June  3,  1885.  In  1886  he  was 
elected  organist  of  St.  George's  Cathedral, 
Grahams  Town ;  and  after  some  years  removed 
to  a  similar  post  at  St.  Winian's  Cathedral, 
Pretoria.  He  died  at  Grahams  Town,  from 
heart  disease.  July,  1895. 

Winter,  Pattie,  soprano  vocalist.  Pupil 
of  William  Carter.  Made  her  debut  at  the 
Royal  Albert  Hall,  Kensington,  April  22, 
1882.  Sang  at  the  Alexandra  Palace  the 
same  year,  and  at  various  concerts  up  to  1888, 
when  she  went  to  Milan  and  studied  under 
Sangiovanni.  On  her  return  she  sang  at  St. 
James'  Hall,  April  3,  1889,  and  has  estab- 
lished herself  among  the  accepted  vocalists  of 
the  time. 

Winterbottom,  a  remarkable  family  of 
military  musicians,  consisting  of  five  brothers, 
sons  of  John  Winterbottom,  of  the  Isc  Life 
Guards,  who  fought  at  Waterloo,  and  was,  on 
his  retirement  from  the  service,  appointed 
one  of  the  wardens  of  the  Tower  of  London. 
He  died  in  1855.  Thomas  Winterbottom, 
the  eldest  son,  was  in  the  band  of  the  Hoyal 
Horse  Guards  nine  years,  and  afterwards 
bandmaster  of  the  Royal  Marine  Light  In- 
fantry, Plymouth  Division,  for  seventeen 
years.  He  died  at  Plymouth  in  1869. 
William  Winterbottom,  bom  about  1822, 
was  a  trombone  player  in  the  band  of  the 
1st  Life  Guards.  Then  he  was  bandmaster 
of  the  Woolwich  Division,  and  succeeded  his 
brother  at  Plymouth,  thence  exchanging  to 
the  2nd  Life  Guards.  He  died  at  Boulogne- 
sur-Mer,  September  29,  1889.  Jt)HN  Winter- 
bottom,  the  celebrated  bassoon-player,  was 
born  about  1817.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
famous  Jullien  orchestra  when  a  young  man. 
From  about  1852  he  was  in  Australia,  giving 


454 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


WINTERBOTTOM. 

promenade  concerts  at  Melbourne,  Sydney, 
and  elsewhere.  On  his  return  to  England 
he  was  appointed  to  organize  the  band  of 
the  Royal  Marine  Artillery.  This  was  in 
1870,  as  he  completed  twenty-one  years' 
service  November,  1891,  and  retired  March 
31,  1892.  He  then  became  bandmaster  of 
the  Artists'  Rifle  Corps,  London.  He  died 
at  Putney,  May  18,  1897.  Henky  Winter- 
bottom  was  bandmaster  of  the  7th  Royal 
Fusiliers,  the  18th  Royal  Irish,  and  the 
Royal  ^Marines,  Woolwich.  Ammon  Winter- 
bottom  was  a  double-bass  player,  member  of 
the  Queen's  private  band.  Philharmonic  or- 
chestra, etc.     He  died  in  1891. 

Fr.\nk  Winterbottom,  son  of  the  last 
named,  was  born  in  London  in  18G1.  Edu- 
cated at  Bruce  Castle,  Tottenham.  Studied 
music  under  his  father  and  his  uncle  William. 
Held  appointments  as  professor  of  music  at 
Dulwich  College,  and  conductor  of  orchestral 
societies  at  Croydon,  Clapham,  etc.  In  1890 
was  appointed  bandmaster  Plymouth  Divi- 
sion Royal  Marine  Light  Infantry,  a  position 
he  still  holds.  He  gives  symphony  concerts 
in  the  Town  Hall,  Stonehouse,  during  the 
winter  montlis,  also  entertain  nents  in  the 
divisional  theatre,  etc.  His  compositions  in- 
clude :  Overture  and  ballet  music,  "  Jorinda ;" 
interlude,  "  Phaulos  ;"  Illustration  of  Shake- 
speare's "  Seven  Ages,"  Portsmouth,  1892 ; 
a  descriptive  fantasia,  "V.R."  Also  string 
quartets;  pieces  for  violoncello,  upon  which 
instrument  he  is  a  skilled  performer  ;  selec- 
tions, arrangements,  etc. 

Winterbottom,  James,  musician,  born 
at  GJossop,  in  181G.  He  was  sexton  of  All 
Saints'  Church,  Glossop,  an  office  his  family 
had  held  for  200  years.  In  addition  he  was 
organist  of  the  church  for  20  years.  He  died 
at  Glossop,  in  January,  1889. 

Wise,  Charles  Stanley,  organist  and 
composer.  Studied  under  private  teachers, 
and  graduated  Mus.  B.,  Cambridge,  1890. 
Was  appointed  organist  of  Petworth  Church, 
187G;  Godalming,  J 878;  St.  Michael's,  Aln- 
wick, 1881.  He  is  conductor  of  a  choral 
Society  at  Wooler,  Northumberland,  and  gave 
the  first  performance  of  an  oratorio  ("  Crea- 
tion ")  in  that  place,  February  21,  1896.  He 
has  composed  orchestral  pieces,  string  quartet, 
songs  ;  anthems,  church  services,  etc. 

Wise,  Michael,  composer  atid  organist, 
born  at  Salisbury  in  1638.  He  was  a  chorister 
in  the  Chapel  Royal  under  Cook.  In  1668  he 
was  appointed  organist  and  choirmaster  of 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  and  in  1675  he  became 
Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal.  He  was 
made  almoner  and  master  of  the  choristers 
of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  London,  168()-87.  He 
was  killed  at  Salisbury,  in  a  midnight  brawl 
with  the  watch,  on  August  24,  1687.  Com- 
poser of  a  magnificat  in  E  fiat.     Anthems — 


WOOD. 

Prepare  ye  the  way  of  the  Lord  ;  Awake,  put 
on  thy  strength  ;  Blessed  is  He ;  Awake  up, 
my  glory  ;  The  ways  of  Zion  do  mourn  ;  Thy 
beauty,  0  Israel,  etc. 

Woakes,  W.  H.,  organist  and  author, 
was  organist  at  Hereford  early  in  the  present 
century.  He  wrote  "A  Catechism  of  Music," 
Hereford,  1817  ;  "  A  Catechism  of  Thorough- 
bass, catechism  on  music  and  dictionary," 
Hereford,  1820.  He  also  wrote  "  Ten  glees 
for  three  and  four  voices,"  [1830]  ;  Songs  and 
anthems,  and  dance  music  for  the  pf. 

Woffington,  Margaret  or  Peg,  a  cele- 
brated actress  and  singer,  was  born  at  Dub- 
lin, in  1718.  First  appeared  in  London,  in 
1738.  She  died  in  1760.  Her  life  is  given  at 
large  in  Reade's  novel,  "  Peg  Woffingtou,"  in 
MoUoy's  biographical  work,  the  "  Thespian 
Dictionary,"  etc.     Best  known  as  an  actress. 

Wolstenholme,  William,  organist  and 
composer,  born  at  Blackburn,  February  24, 
1865.  Showed  remarkable  powers  when  quite 
young ;  and  the  late  Henry  Smart  promised 
to  take  him  as  a  pupil,  but  he  died  just  at  the 
period  agreed  upon.  Blind  from  his  birth,  he 
was  educated  at  the  Worcester  College  for  the 
Blind  Sons  of  Gentlemen,  and  was  musically 
trained  by  Dr.  Done.  He  appeared  in  public 
while  at  Worcester,  giving  organ  recitals,  and 
he  j)layed  IMendelssohn's  Concerto  in  G 
minor  at  a  concert  of  the  Worcester  Philhar- 
monic Society,  December  4,  1885.  Graduated 
Mus.  B.,  Oxford,  1887,  and  in  his  prepara- 
tor\'  work  committed  to  memory  and  tran- 
scribed into  Braille  the  score  of  Beethoven's 
"  Fidelio."  In  1888  he  was  appointed  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Black- 
burn, in  which  town  he  is  settled  as  teacher, 
etc. 

Works. — Cantata,  Lord  UUin's  Daughter, 
for  soli,  chorus,  and  strings ;  Anthem  for 
Easter ;  To  take  the  air,  madrigal,  5  voices ; 
Part-song ;  The  voice  of  love  ;  Thou  art  high 
above  me,  lady  ;  and  other  songs.  Organ.- 
Sonata  in  D,  in  the  style  of  Handel ;  Canzona ; 
Minuet ;  Cantilena  in  F  minor;  Finale  in  B 
fiat ;  Die  Frage  und  die  Antwort ;  Yolkslied, 
etc.  Pianoforti- :  A  Collection  of  pieces  in 
3  books  ;  Minuet  in  D  ;  Allegro  alia  burla  in 
F  ;  Wedding  march  ;  Nocturne  ;  Scherzo  in 
F ;  and  others.  Also  detached  pieces  for 
harp,  violin,  oboe,  viola,  and  for  mandolin 
and  guitar. 

Wood,  Anthony  a,  antiquary  and  writer,, 
born  at  Oxford,  December  17,  1632 ;  died 
there,  November  29, 1695.  From  his  writings 
many  biographies  of  the  older  musicians  have 
been  taken.  His  "  Atheiiffi  Oxoniensis. . . .," 
London,  1691-92,  2  vols.,  contains  notices  of 
musicians  who  were  educated  at  Oxford,  and 
there  exists  in  MS.  in  the  Aslimolean  Museum 
a  work  entitled  "Some  INIaterials  towards  a 
History  of  the  Lives  and  Compositions  of  all 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


455 


WOOD. 

English  Musicians."     "A  Wood,"  as  he  styles 
himself,  was  a  great  amateur  musician. 

Wood,  Charles,  composer  and  organist, 
born  at  Armagh,  Ireland,  June  15,  18G6,  son 
of  Charles  Wood,  a  lay  vicar  in  the  Cathedral. 
Obtained  the  Morley  Scholarship  for  compo- 
sition, R.C.M.,  188.3,  and  was  appointed  pro- 
fessor of  harmony,  etc.,  1888.  In  1889,  he 
won  the  Organist  Scholarship,  Caius  College, 
Canibridge  ;  and  graduated  Mus.  B.  and 
B.A.,  1890;  Mus.  D.  and  M.A.,  1894,  in 
which  last  year  he  was  made  Fellow  of  Gonville 
and  Caius  College.  A.R.C.M.  While  a  stu- 
dent at  the  R.C.M.  he  wrote  a  pf.  concerto, 
string  quartet,  and  other  works.  He  won  the 
Musical  World  Prize,  1887,  by  a  setting  of 
Alex.  Grant's  "  Through  the  Twilight  "  ;  the 
Madrigal  Society's  prize  and  gold  medal,  1888, 
with  five-part  madrigal,  "Slow,  slow,  fresh 
fount  "  ;  and,  in  1889,  the  j)rize  offered  by  the 
Wind  Instrument  Chamber  Music  Society  for 
a  Quintet  for  wind.  He  has  written  inciden- 
tal music  to  Euripides'  "  Ion,"  and  "  Iphig- 
enia  in  Tauris,"  produced,  at  Theatre  Royal, 
Cambridge,  1890  and  1894  ;  also  set  Shelley's 
"Ode  to  the  West  Wind,"  for  tenor  solo, 
chorus  and  orchestra  (op.  3,  Cambridge, 
1889) ;  and  Swinburne's  "  Ode  to  Music,"  for 
soprano  solo,  chorus  and  orchestra,  written 
for.  and  performed  at  the  opening  of  the  New 
Building,  R.C.M.,  May  2,  1894.  He  has 
further  published  church  music,  songs,  part- 
songs,  and  edited  a  collection  of  Irish  folk- 
songs, Boosey,  1897. 

His  elder  brother,  William  G.  Wood,  was 
a  distinguished  organist.  He  was  born  at 
Armagh,  January  IG,  18-59,  and  i-eceived  his 
early  musical  training  at  the  Cathedral,  where 
he  was  deputy  organist,  1873-7.  He  afterwards 
entered  the  R.A.M.,  and  won  the  Lucas  Prize 
for  composition,  1882.  Was  professor  of  the 
organ,  and  F.R.A.M.,  F.R.C.O.  While  a 
student,  he  was  appointed  organist  of  Christ 
Church,  Woburn  Square  (1880) ;  gave  frequent 
organ  recitals,  appearing  at  Bow  and  Bromley 
Institute  (1883),  and  elsewhere;  played  the 
crgfln  at  the  first  concert  held  in  the  Queen's 
Hall,  December  2,  1893.  In  1886  he  was 
appointed  organist  and  music  master  of  High- 
gate  Grammar  School,  a  post  he  retained  until 
his  death,  September  25,  1895.  He  composed 
an  operetta,  The  Bride  of  Cambus  (1883),  and 
published  three  settings  of  the  Magnificat  and 
Nunc  dimittis.  He  wrote  a  concert  overture 
for  orchestra,  and  much  music  for  the  organ  : 
Fantasia  and  Fugue  in  C  minor  ;  Sonata  in 
D  minor;  Three  Canons,  etc.,  etc.,  by  which 
he  will  be  long  remembered. 

Wood,  Daniel  Joseph,  organist,  conduc- 
tor and  composer,  born  at  Brompton,  near 
Chatham,  Kent,  August  25,  1849.  Chorister 
"at  Rochester  Cathedral,  and  pupil  of  J.  Hop- 
kins, 1859-64.      Appointed  organist  of   Holy 


WOOD. 

Trinity,  Brompton,  Kent,  1864 ;  Parish 
Church,  Cranbrook,  1866  ;  Lee,  Kent,  1868  ; 
Boston,  Lincolnshire,  1869 ;  C'hichester 
Cathedral,  1875 ;  and  of  Exeter  Cathedral, 
1876.  This  appointment  he  holds  to  the 
present  time.  F.C.O.,  1873;  Mus.  B.,  Oxford, 
1874 ;  and  in  1896  received  the  Mus.  D., 
Cantuar.  He  has  been  instrumental  in 
pre  curing  a  fine  new  organ  for  the  Cathedral, 
and  one  in  Victoria  Hall,  to  which  he  was 
appointed  organist  in  1882.  He  is  also  teacher 
of  harmony  at  Exeter  University  Extension 
College,  and  has  done  inuch  for  music  in 
Exeter.  Was  one  of  the  promoters  of  the 
Western  Counties'  Musical  Association,  and 
has  been  conductor  of  its  Annual  Festivals 
since  its  formation  in  1880.  His  compositions 
are  confined  to  church  and  organ  music,  with 
tunes  contributed  to  the  Hymnal  Companion 
(joint  editor  of  the  new  edition),  and  chants 
for  the  Chant  Book  Companion. 

Wood,  Ernest,  organist,  was  elected  to 
the  post  of  organist  and  precentor  of  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  Melbourne,  Australia,  1888. 
Previously  he  was  known  in  England  as  a 
clever  performer  on  the  orgaia.  He  gave 
recitals  with  much  success  at  Melbourne, 
1891 ;  in  1893  was  appointed  conductor  of  the 
Royal  Metropolitan  Liedertafel,  Melbourne  ; 
and  in  1894  introduced  the  performance  of 
oratorios  in  Melbourne  Cathedral.  He  gave 
the  first  performance  of  Bach's  Matthew 
"  Passion  Music "  at  Melbourne,  in  April, 
1897,  and  has  do)ie  good  work  in  the  cause  of 
musical  education  there. 

Wood,  Henry  Joseph,  composer  and 
conductor,  born  in  London.  Received  his 
early  training  from  his  father,  and  was  deputy 
organist  of  St.  Mary's,  Aldermanbury,  when 
ten  years  old.  Gave  organ  recitals  at  the 
"  Fisheries,"  and  other  exhibitions,  South 
Kensington,  1883-5.  Entered  the  R.A.M.  in 
1886,  studying  under  E.  Prout,  Dr.  Steggall, 
W.  Macfarren,  Manuel  Garcia,  and  others. 
On  leaving  the  Academy  he  became  conductor 
of  various  societies ;  also  of  the  Rousbey  Opera 
Company,  1890;  the  Carl  Rosa  provincial 
tour,  1891-2;  the Georgina Burns  "Cinderella" 
tour,  1892;  and  Lago's  season  at  the  New 
Olympic,  1892.  In  1894  he  was  conductor 
during  Madame  Marie  Roze's  farewell  tour. 
His  career  at  the  Queen's  Hall  began  with  the 
promenade  concert  season  of  1895,  the  pro- 
grammes of  which  were  of  the  highest  class. 
He  has  since  conducted  the  Symphony 
Concerts  there,  and  his  work  has  been  charac- 
terised by  enterprise  and  distiiiguished  ability. 
All  this  time  ho  has  also  been  occupied  as  a 
teacher  of  singing,  especially  for  the  stage, 
whilst  as  a  composer  he  has  done  a  consider- 
able amount  of  work. 

Works. — Mass,  performed,  St.  Mary's, 
Bayswater,  December,  1892  ;  Mass  in  E  flat, 


456 


BRITISH    MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


WOOD. 

op.  55,  St.  Joseph's  Retreat,  Highgate,  June, 
1896.  Anthems.  Dramatic  oratorio,  Doro- 
thea, Grosvenor  Hall,  February  15,  1889 ; 
Dramatic  cantata,  Nacoochee,  1890.  Oper- 
ettus  :  Daisy,  1890 ;  Returning  the  compli- 
ment ;  Comic  opera,  Zuleika,  the  Turkish 
slave,  1890  ;  One  hundred  years  ago,  Royalty 
Theatre,  June  16,  1892.  Romance,  violin  and 
pf.,  1887.  Songs :  The  sea  hath  its  pearls; 
Six  songs,  op.  15  ;  The  king  and  the  miller  ; 
To  one  I  love  ;  Will  her  heart  to  me  incline  ? 
and  others.  Author  of  a  work  on  his  method 
of  vocal  teaching.  Breathing,  Tones,  and  their 
qualities,  London,  1896. 

Wood,  John  Muir,  writer  and  music- 
publisher,  was  born  at  Edinburgh,  July  31, 
1805.  He  established  nmsic-publishing  busi- 
nesses in  Edinburgh  and  Glasgow,  and  was 
associated  with  Chopin  and  other  great  artists 
who  visited  Scotland  on  concert  giving  enter- 
prizes.  His  firm  published  for  a  time  the 
ScottisJt  Montlihi  Mitsiail  Times,  a  journal 
which  lived  only  for  a  short  time  1876-78.  He 
edited  a  new  edition  of  Graham's  "  Songs  of 
Scotland"  (1884),  and  contributed  important 
Scottish  matter  to  Grove's  "  Dictionary  of 
Music."  He  died  at  Cove,  Dumbartonshire, 
June  25,  1892. 

Wood,  Joseph,  tenor  vocalist,  was  born 
at  Crigglestone,  Yorksliire,  on  INIarch  1,  1801. 
He  appeared  in  opera  and  at  concerts,  and  in 
1831  married  ]\Iary  Ann  Paton  (^.r.) ;  and 
some  time  after  her  death  Sarah  Dobson,  a 
singer.  He  died  at  Harrogate,  in  September, 
1890. 

Wood,  Mrs.  Joseph,  see  Paton,  Mary 
Anne. 

Wood,  Mary  Louisa,  organist  and 
teacher.  Appointed  to  St.  Thomas's  Church, 
Douglas,  Isle  of  Man,  1877;  now  of  St.  Ger- 
man's Parish  Church  in  that  town.  Some- 
time conductor  of  Castletown  Choral  Society. 
Has  done  mucli  for  tlie  promotion  of  music 
in  the  island,  and  given  frequent  organ  re- 
citals. Is  an  Associat ;  of  the  Royal  College 
of  Organists.  She  read  a  paper  on  the 
"  Liturgy  of  the  Church  from  the  musical 
point  of  view,"  at  the  Sodor  and  Man  Dioce- 
san Conference,  December,  1896.  In  August 
1895,  she  was  presented  with  an  address  and 
testimonial  in  acknowledgment  of  her  work 
in  the  ca'use  of  music  and  chariDy. 

Woodcock,  Robert*,  English  composer 
of  the  18th  century.  He  composed  "  XII. 
Concertos  in  eight  parts  .  .  ,"  n.d.,  chiefly 
for  strings  and  flutes  and  oboe. 

Woodcock,  R.  J.,  musician  and  teacher, 
author  of  "  Progressive  system  of  Class-sing- 
ing, etc,"  London  [1843]. 

Woodcock,  William,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  1754.  He  was  organist  and 
singing  man  of  new  College,  Oxford,  from 
1799  to  1825 ;    Graduated    Mus.    B.,  Oxford, 


WOODWARD. 

1806  ;  and  was  clerk  of  Magdalen  College  from 
1784  to  1818.     Died  at  Oxford  in  1825. 

Woodd,  Rev.  Basil,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Richmond,  Surrey,  August 
5,  1760.  He  was  educated  at  Oxford,  and 
after  acting  as  morning  preacher  at  Bentinck 
Chapel,  Lisson  Grove,  London,  1785,  was 
minister  of  Drayton,  Beauchamp,  Bucks., 
from  1808  to  1830.  He  died  at  London,  April 
12,  1831.  He  wrote  "  A  new  metrical  version 
of  the  Psalms  of  David,"  etc.,  and  composed 
"Paddington,"  a  psalm  tune,  contained  in 
the  "Bentinck  Chapel  Collection,"  1800. 

Woodham,  Joseph,  double-bass  player, 
was  born  in  1768.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Royal  Society  of  Musicians  for  45  years,  and 
played  the  double-bass  in  the  orchestra  of 
Coveut  Garden  Theatre,  for  over  40  years. 
Died  at  London,  January  25,  1841. 

Woodman,  Rev.  W.,  author  of  "  Singing 
at  sight  made  easy,  a  complete  course  of  in- 
struction," London,  1860. 

Woods,  Francis  Cunningham,  organist 
and  composer,  born  in  London,  August  29, 
1862.  Studied  at  National  Training  School, 
Kensington,  1877-80,  under  Sullivan,  Stainer, 
Prout,  and  others.  Organist,  Brasenose  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  1883-6  ;  appointed  organ  scholar, 
Exeter  College,  1887.  Graduated  M.A.,  1890  ; 
Mus.  B.,  1891,  Oxford.  F.R.C.O.  In  1891 
was  appointed  private  organist  to  the  Duke  of 
Marlborough,  at  Blenheim ;  and  from  1895, 
organist  and  music  master,  Highgate  School. 
Recitalist  and  teacher.  Conductor  of  Oxford 
Choral audPhi]harmonic(1893) ;  BicesterCho- 
ral ;  and  Lincoln  and  Exeter  College  Musical 
Societies.  Lecturer  for  Sir  John  Stainer ;  to 
the  British  Association  (Oxford,  1894) ;  Oxford 
University  Extensionists  (1895).  Associate  of 
the  Philharmonic  Society. 

Published  Compositions.  —  Cantata,  King 
Harold,  produced.  Crystal  Palace,  June  6, 
1896 ;  A  Greyport  Legend,  men's  chorus, 
with  solo  bass,  and  orchestra ;  anthems ; 
madrigal.  Lie  down,  poor  heart  ;  Carmen 
Exoniense  (Exeter  College  song) ;  six  songs, 
op.  1,  in  MS.  Incidental  music  to  Two  Gen- 
tlemen of  Verona  (Oxford,  1893);  to  The 
Tempest  (Oxford,  January,  1894).  Suite  in 
D,  for  string  orchestra ;  in  C  minor,  for 
military  band;  Minuet,  for  small  orchestra; 
Romance  in  F,  violin  and  orchestra ;  in  G, 
for  violin,  organ,  and  pf.  Morning  and  even- 
ing service.     Anthems,  songs,  etc. 

Woodward,  Edwin  George,  violinist, 
organist,  and  conductor,  born  at  Bath,  Dec- 
ember 10, 1835.  Was  a  chorister  of  Gloucester 
Cathedral,  and  studied  the  violin  under  G. 
Martin  of  that  city,  and  harmony  with  J. 
Uglow,  of  Cheltenham.  Resided  in  Gloucester 
many  years  as  teacher,  and  organist  of  St. 
Mary's,  St.  John's,  and  All  Saints',  resigning 
the    last    in    1889.      He   still   conducts   the 


BEITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


457 


WOODWARD. 

•Gloucester  Orchestral  Society,  and  has  had 
other  societies  under  his  direction.  Suc- 
■ceeded  Henry  Blagrove  as  leader  of  the  old 
-Cheltenham  Philharmonic,  an  office  he  re- 
tained until  the  dissolution  of  the  society. 
He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Birmingham 
Festival  Orchestra ;  is  still  member  of  the 
Three  Choirs'  Festival  Orchestra ;  and  leader 
■of  the  Cheltenham  Festival,  Cardiff,  Swansea, 
Newport,  and  other  societies.  He  is  a  Mason, 
P.M.,  and  organist,  and  has  composed  some 
music  for  IVIasonic  service,  church  hymn- 
tunes,  etc.     Resident  in  Cheltenham. 

Woodward,  Rev.  H.  H.,  clergyman  and 
■  composer,  born  at  The  Friars,  near  Liverpool, 
in  1847.  Educated  at  Radley  College,  and 
Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford.  Studied 
music  under  Rev.  Dr.  Hayne,  Oxford.  Spent 
a  year  and  a  half  at  Cuddesdon  Theological 
College,  and  was  ordained  in  the  Diocese  of 
Oxford,  becoming  curate  and  precentor  of 
Wantage.  Remained  there  eleven  years, 
working  as  assistant  priest  under  Dr.  Butler, 
afterwards  Dean  of  Lincoln.  In  1881  he  was 
appointed  a  minor  canon  of  Worcester 
■Cathedral,  and  in  1890  succeeded  the  Rev.  E. 
V.  Hall  (Ci-v.),  as  precentor.  From  1869  to 
the  present  time  he  has  published  a  complete 
Morning,  Evening,  and  Communion  Service 
in  E  flat;  a  second  in  D;  Communion 
Service  (unison)  in  A ;  Te  Deum  in  B  flat. 
The  Radiant  INIorn  ;  The  Sun  shall  be  no 
more  thy  light ;  Behold,  the  days  come  ;  The 
souls  of  the  righteous  ;    Rejoice  greatly  ;    and 

•  other  anthems,  most  of  which  have  been 
much  in  use. 

Woodward,  Richard,  organist  and  com- 
poser, born  at  Dublin,  about  1744.  He  was 
made  Bac.  Mus.,  Dublin  in  1768,  and  Doc. 
Mus.  in  1771.  Vicar-choral,  St.  Patrick's 
•Cathedral,  1772.  Organist  of  Christ  Church 
Cathedral,  1765.  Master  of  choristers,  St. 
Patrick's  and  Christ  Church  Cathedrals.     He 

•  died  at  Dublin,  November  22,  1777.  Composed 
"  Cathedral  ]\fusic  in  Score,"  op.  3.  Anthems. 
"  Songs,  Catches,  and  Canons,"  n.d.,  etc. 

Woodward,  William  Wolfgang,  or- 
ganist and  conductor,  born  in  1822.  He  was 
organist  of  the  Catholic  Church,  and  con- 
ductor of  the  Choral  Union,  Derby.  Died  at 
Derby,  August  4,  1882. 

Woodyatt,  Emily,  soprano  vocalist,  who 
was  born  at  Hereford  in  1814.  She  appeared 
at  many  of  the  principal  concerts  of  her 
time,  in  London  and  the  provinces.  Married 
Mr.  William  Loder,  and  retired. 

Woolf,  Sophia  Julia,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, born  in  London,  1831.  Commenced 
learning  music  when  five  years  old,  and 
afterwards,  upon  the  advice  of  Cipriani 
Potter,  entered  the  R.A.M.,  1846,  becoming 
his  pupil.  Elected  King's  Scholar  that  year, 
and  again  in  1848,  and  on  leaving  was  made 


WORGAN. 

an  Associate,  and  later,  elected  a  Fellow. 
Married  a  Mr.  Isaacson.  She  composed 
pieces  for  pf.,  and  songs  ;  also  a  comic  opera, 
"  Carina,"  produced  at  the  Op6ra  Comique, 
London,  September  27,  1888.  She  died  at 
West  Hampstead,  November  20,  1893.  Pot- 
ter's last  letter  was  written  to  her. 

Woolhouse,  Wesley  S.  B.,  mathema- 
tician and  writer  on  music,  born  at  North 
Shields,  May  6,  1809.  He  became  Head 
Assistant  on  the  Nautical  Almanac  Establish- 
ment and  while  in  that  position  published 
his  "Essay  on  Musical  Intervals,  Harmonics, 
and  the  Temperament  of  the  Musical  Scale," 
London,  Souter,  1885.  Second  edition, 
Charles  Woolhouse,  1888,  issued  as  "  Treatise 
on  musical  intervals,  temperament,  and  the 
elementary  principles  of  music."  Also  author 
of  "A  Catechism  of  music,"  London,  1843; 
"  Treatise  on  Singing,"  London,  n.d.  He  also 
composed  some  instrumental  music,  and 
edited  works  by  Spohr,  Raff,  etc.  He  was 
elected  F.R.A.S.  He  made  a  fine  collection 
of  violins,  and  was  a  man  of  great  scientific 
attainments.  Died  at  Canonbury,  London, 
August  12,  1893.  His  daughter,  Emma  May, 
was  a  pianist,  and  married  Dr.  William  Rea 
(q.v.) ;  his  son  Edmund  is  a  violoncellist,  of 
the  Philharmonic  and  festival  orchestras ;  and 
Charles  is  the  well-known  London  music 
publisher. 

Woolnoth,  Charles  Hall,  pianist  and 
composer,  born  at  Glasgow,  April  15,  1860. 
Son  of  Charles  N.  Woolnoth,  a  distinguished 
landscape  painter.  He  studied  under  Rein- 
ecke  and  E.  F.  Richter  in  Germany,  and 
John  Farrar  Howden  (born,  Leeds,  1818; 
died  at  Glasgow,  December  25,  1875),  in 
Glasgow,  whose  daughter  he  married.  He 
was  for  many  years  an  active  figure  in  the 
musical  life  of  Glasgow,  but  about  1891  he 
went  to  London,  where  he  is  a  teacher  and 
pianist.  Composer  of  a  cantata,  "  II  Pen- 
seroso  "  ;  "  The  skeleton  in  armour,"  choral 
ballad,  Glasgow,  1889.  Part-songs.  Music 
for  pf.,  etc. 

Wordsworth,  W.  A.,  musician  and 
teacher.  He  contributed  papers  to  the 
Dramatic  and  Musical  Review,  1842.  Lec- 
tured in  London  on  English  composers,  1844-5. 
Died.  January  25,  1846.  Author  of  "  Treatise 
on  Singing,  embodying  with  a  course  of 
initiatory  exercises,  a  critical  analysis  of  the 
principles  of  the  art,"  London,  1837.  Com- 
poser of  some  ballads,  etc. 

Worgan,  Qeorge,  musician,  who  was  a 
grandson  of  Dr.  John  Worgan,  was  born  in 
1802.  He  went  to  New  Zealand,  and  died  at 
Wellington  on  April  2,  1888.  He  issued 
"  Gems  of  sacred  melody  :  a  choice  collection 
of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes,"  London,  1841. 
Songs  and  other  works. 

Worgan,  John,   organist  and  composer, 


458 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGKAPHY. 


WORGAN. 

born  at  London,  1724.  He  studied  under 
Rosingrave  and  Geminiani.  Organist  and 
composer  to  Vauxhall  Gardens,  1751-74. 
Organist  of  St.  Andrew's,  Undershaft,  with 
St.  Mary  Axe,  1749 ;  St.  Botolph's,  Aldgate, 
London,  1758;  and  St.  John's  Chapel,  Great 
James  Street,  Bedford  Row,  1760.  JIus.  Bac, 
Cantab.,  1748.  Mus,  Doc,  1775.  He  died  at 
London,  August  24,  1790,  and  is  buried  in  St. 
Andrew's,  Undershaft. 

Works. —  Oratoiios  :  Hannah,  op.  1,  1764; 
Manasseh.  Anthems.  Hymns  in  Riley's 
collection.  Agreeable  Choice,  a  collection  of 
songs,  London  [1760] ;  A  collection  of  new 
songs  and  ballads,  sung  at  Vauxhall,  London, 
1752,  1754,  1771,  etc.  Six  canzonets  for  2 
and  3  voices,  London  [1785] ;  Three  new 
English  cantatas,  1750.  Songs  and  Duets  : 
Bright  Phoebus,  Cordelia,  Hark !  the  loud 
drums,  I  fill  not  the  glass,  Jockey  and  Jenny, 
Neptune's  resignation,  Nun  and  Friar,  Port 
and  Sherry,  Tlie  thief,  To  the  nightingale, 
etc.  Pieces  for  the  harpsichord  [1780] ;  Six 
sonatas  for  the  harpsichord,  London,  1769. 
Organ  and  other  pieces. 

His  brother,  Jamks  Worgan,  born  at  Lon- 
don in  1715  ;  died  there  in  1753,  was  also  a 
composer.  He  wrote  Sappho's  Hymn  to 
Venus,  1750  ;  With  beauteous  Araminta 
ranging,  and  other  songs,  etc. 

Worgan,  Thomas  Danvers,  son  of  John 
Worgan,  was  liorn  at  London  in  1774.  Ho 
was  a  teacher  and  author  in  London.  Brother- 
in-law  of  Sir  William  Parsons.  Died  at  Croy- 
don, in  1832.  Author  of  "  Rouge  et  noire  de 
musique,  or  harmonic  pastime?,  being  games 
of  cards  constructed  on  the  principles  of 
music,"  London,  1807;  The  Musical  Re- 
former, comprising  an  apology  for  intellectual 
music,  London,  1829  ;  The  composer  or  con- 
trapuntist, with  explanatory  notes,  London 
[1826].  Composer  of  Vocal  Sonatinas,  form- 
ing a  coalition  of  vocal  and  instrumental 
harmony,  1820,  issued  in  parts.  The  Heroe's 
welcome,  a  motet,  comprising  45  parts,  1824. 
Songs,  etc. 

His  brother,  John  Worgan,  jun.,  composed 
marches  for  the  pf.,  and  Absence,  Emma 
[1799] ,  Soft  downy  sleep,  and  other  songs. 
Other  members  of  the  family  were  Mary 
Worgan,  who  composed  a  number  of  songs 
about  1750-60,  and  Richard  Worgan,  who 
published  a  "  Set  of  Sonnets,  etc."  in  1810. 

Worrell,  Marie,  born  Duval,  soprano 
vocalist,  born  in  London(?),  March  3,  1856. 
Studied  at  R.A.M.  Westmorland  Scholar, 
1875.  A.  R.A.M.  Sang  at  concerts  in  Bir- 
mingham and  elsewhere  while  still  a  student, 
and  both  in  London  and  the  provinces  achieved 
much  success  as  a  concert  vocalist.  She  died 
at  Tulse  Hill,  London,  February  12,  1895. 

Wotton,  William  Bale,  bassoonist,  born 
at  Torquay,   September  6,   1832.      Son  of  a 


WRIGHT. 

Corporal-major  in  the  1st  Life  Guards,  he 
entered  the  band  of  the  regiment  when  he 
was  thirteen.  Studied  at  R.A.M.  under  Chas. 
Lucas.  Remained  in  the  band  of  the  Life 
Guards  until  1866,  when  he  joined  the  orches- 
tra of  the  Crystal  Palace.  He  is  principal 
bassoon  of-  the  Philharmonic,  and  festival 
orchestras,  and  has  played  in  chamber  con- 
certs in  many  places.  He  is  professor  of  the 
bassoon  at  the  R.A.IM.  and  R.C.M.  His  sons, 
L.  V.  Wotton  and  T.  E.  Wotton,  are  both 
bassoon  players  of  repute. 

Woycke,  Emmy  Drechsler,  violinist, 
daughter  of  Adam  Hamilton  (q.v.),  was  born 
at  Edinburgh.  Appeared  at  concerts  as 
soloist  from  her  eleventh  year.  Played  at 
the  Gewandhaus  concerts,  Leipzig  (with  her 
sister  Bertha,  also  a  violinist),  October  21, 
1869.  Is  now  an  artist  of  repute  in  Edinburgh. 
In  1871  she  was  married  to  Herr  Eugen 
Woycke,  a  German  composer  and  pianist, 
settled  in  Edinburgh.  Their  son,  Victor 
Woycke,  born  in  Edinburgh,  in  1872,  is  a 
violinist.  He  was  taught  at  home,  and  made 
his  first  appearance  at  i  concert  given  by  his 
parents,  November  30,  1889.  In  1892  he 
went  to  New  York,  where  he  is  established 
as  a  soloist  of  the  first  rank ;  and  where  he 
was  also  professor  of  the  violin  at  the  National 
Conservatory  of  Music. 

Wragg,  J.,  flute  player,  composer,  and 
writer,  of  end  of  last  and  early  part  of  present 
century.  Author  of  The  Flute  preceptor,  or 
the  whole  art  of  playing  the  German  fiute. 
London  [1790]  ;  Improved  Flute  preceptor, 
or  the  whole  art  of  plaj'ing  the  German  Flute 
rendered  perfectly  easy  without  the  aid  of  a 
master,  op.  6.  London,  1806.  Oboe  preceptor, 
1792.  These  works  went  through  several 
editions.  He  composed  duets,  solos,  and 
other  pieces  for  the  flute;  songs;  arrange- 
ments and  other  works. 

Wrenshall,  C.  L.,  pianist  and  composer. 
Studied  under  Henri  Herz.  For  many  years 
resided  at  Birkenhead  as  teacher.  Died  at 
Rock  Ferry,  near  Birkenhead,  at  a  great  age, 
in  November  (?),  1892.  He  wrote  a  good  deal 
of  music  for  the  pf.,  but  it  is  now  forgotten. 

Wrenshall,  William,  an  organist  at 
Liverpool,  was  the  composer  of  some  anthems. 
He  died  in  1854. 

Wright,  Adam,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Birmingham,  August  5,  1810.  Was 
for  more  than  40  years  organist  of  Carr's 
Lane  Chapel,  Birmingham;  now  living  in 
retirement  at  Erdington.  He  edited  "  The 
Congregational  Tune-Book,  a  comprehensive 
collection  of  psalm  and  hymn  tunes.." 
London,  1847.  Sacred  melodies  for  4  voices 
[1855].  "  Church  Music  " . .  1861.  Hymns  for 
Home  [1868] .  He  composed  many  pf .  pieces, 
marches,  polkas,  gavottes,  up  to  op.  124 ; 
some  part-songs  ;  The  Sanctus,  harmonized  ;; 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


459 


WRIGHT. 

and  a  cantata,  "Phyllis,"  produced  at  Erding- 
ton  Public  Hall,  May  29,  1888.  Author  of 
"  Pianoforte  Students'  Daily  Practice," 
London    1876] . 

Wright,  Elizabeth,  see  Arne,  Michael. 

Wright,  Ellen,  song  composer,  born  in 
London,  daughter  of  an  American  engineer, 
George  Riley.  Married  to  Mr.  Wright, 
solicitor,  London.  At  first  guided  only  bj-  her 
natural  talent,  she  began  to  compose,  and  her 
first  songs  were  published  in  1891.  Afterwards 
she  studied  harmony  with  Henry  Gadsby,  and 
instrumentation  under  P.  W.  Davenport. 
Among  the  songs  she  has  composed  are :  She 
walks  in  beauty;  Queen  of  my  days;  Had  I 
but  known  ;  Love's  entreaty ;  set  of  six  songs 
(poetry  by  Prior,  Burns,  etc.),  sung  by  ^Ir. 
Santley  at  the  Saturday  Popular  Concerts, 
March  10,  1894;  Three  songs,  the  same, 
December  1 ;  The  dawn  of  life  (with  orchestral 
accompaniment),  and  others. 

Wright,  Henry  Smith,  author  of  "An 
Introduction  to  the  Stud^  of  Music,  with 
historical  and  other  references, "'London  [1872], 
3rd  edition ,  1882.    Composer  of  part-songs,  etc. 

Wright,  Thomas,  organist  and  composer, 
born  at  Stockton-on-Tees,  September  18,  1763. 
Assistant  organist  to  Garth  and  Ebdon  of 
Durham.  Organist  at  Sedgefield,  1785-97 : 
afterwards  organist  at  Stockton  in  succession 
to  his  father,  Robert  Wright,  an  organist  of 
some  repute,  1797-1818.  He  died  at  Wycliffe 
Rectory,  near  Barnard  Castle,  November  24, 
1829.  I'omposer  of  "Rusticity,"  an  operetta, 
1800 ;  Anthems,  songs,  and  psalm  tunes, 
"Stockton,"  etc.  Fifth  ode  of  the  first  book 
of  Horace  [1796] .  Concerto  for  harpischord 
or  pf.  and  2  violins,  2  obes,  2  horns,  a  tenor 
and  bass  [1795] . 

Wright,  Thomas  Henry,  author  of 
"New  Preceptor  for  the  Harp,  including  a 
series  of  exercises  .  .'.  and  succeeded  by  pre- 
ludes, and  progressive  lessons.  .London,  1825; 
also  1835.  Instructions  for  the  harp,  London 
[1866] .  Composer  of  Fantasias  and  arrange- 
ments for  the  harp. 

Wrighton,  W.  T.,  English  composer, 
born  in  1816.  Died  at  Tunbridge  Wells,  July 
13,  1880.  He  composed  numerous  popular 
songs,  among  which  may  be  named  Her  bright 
smile  haunts  me  still  [1856] ;  Approach  of 
Spring ;  A  wish  ;  April  showers  ;  Days  gone 
by ;  Ever  with  thee ;  Faded  Rose ;  My  mother's 
name  ;  Norah  ;  Our  English  rose ;  Postman's 
knock  [1855] ;  She  sang  among  the  flowers 
[1863] ;  You  need  na'  come  courting  o'  me  ; 
Shylie  Bawn  [1863] ,  etc.  With  Henry  Wolf- 
gang Amadeus  Beale  he  edited  "  Congrega- 
tional Psalmody,  a  collection  of  ancient  and 
modern  tunes,  chants  and  sentences. ."  Lon- 
don ]1858]. 

Wrigley,  James  Qrimwood,  organist, 
pianist,   and   conductor,   born   at   Rochdale, 


WRIGLEY. 

j  April   16,  1849.     Studied  pf.  under  Thomas 

Ashworth,  T.  Mekin,  and  Ed.  Dannreuther ; 

organ  and  harmony  under  Henry  Stevens  and 

j  Dr.  J.  F.  Bridge.     F.R.C.O.,  1873;  Mus.  B., 

I  Cambridge,  1878.     Was  the  first  organist  of 

I  St.    Mary's    Balderstone    (1871-3)  ;    then    of 

Christ  Church,  Blackpool  (1873-5) ;  and  for 

twenty  years,  from  1875,  organist  and  choir- 

j  master  of  the  Parish  Church,  High  Wycombe. 

I  Was  conductor  of  the  Blackpool  Vocal  Society, 

I  1874-5  ;  and  is  now  conductor  of   the  High 

Wycombe  Choral  Association,  an  appointment 

•  held  since  1875,  and  of  the  JIaidenhead  Phil- 

I  harmonic  Society,  from  1879.     The  concerts 

given  under  his  direction  have  been  noted  for 

the  production  of  works  by  British  composers. 

Mr.  Wrigley  has  given  organ  recitals  in  many 

parts  of   the  country,  and  appeared  at  the 

Bow  and  Bromley  Institute  in   1882 ;  he  is 

also  known  as  a  solo  pianist.     He  has  com- 

I  posed  a  setting  of  Ps.  23,  for  soli,  chorus  and 

orchestra  ;  and  published  church  music,  songs, 

and  part-songs. 

His  brother,  William  Alfred  Wrigley, 
graduated  Mus.  B.,  Oxford,  1883.  Has  held 
the  office  of  organist  at  St.  Mary's  Rochdale 
(1871) ;  Christ  Church,  IManchester  (1879) ; 
Holy' Innocents',  Fallowfield  (1882);  and  of 
Todmorden  Parish  Clmrch  since  1884.  His 
compositions  include  Ps.  4G,  for  soli,  chorus, 
and  orchestra  ;  part-songs,  etc. 

Wrigley,  John,  pianist,  organist,  com- 
poser, and  vocalist,  born  at  Ashton-under- 
Lyne,  Lancashire,  September  29,  1830.  Re- 
ceived his  first  instruction  in  music  from  his 
father,  who  was  organist  of  Ashton  Parish 
Church.  After  some  study  under  Richard 
H.  Andrews  and  others,  he  entered  the  R.  A.M. 
in  1849,  studying  composition  under  Cipriani 
Potter.  In  1853  he  was  elected  an  Associate 
and  in  1887  a  fellow  of  R.A.M.  Many  years 
of  his  life  were  spent  in  Manchester,  as  a 
teacher  and  lecturer ;  he  was  also  sometime 
organist  of  St.  Savioir's  Church,  Chorltou- 
on-lNIedlock.  He  began  his  career  as  a  com- 
poser in  1848,  and  gave  a  concert  in  1849, 
before  proceeding  to  the  R.A.M..  Since  1876 
he  has  been  local  examiner  for  R.A.^L,  and 
also  R.CM.  since  its  foundation.  He  has 
been  President  of  the  Victoria  Glee  Club,  and 
in  1890  was  elected  a  Vice-President  of  the 
^lanchester  Vocal  Union,  which  Society  has 
performed  his  larger  choral  works.  His  pf. 
compositions  have  been  played  by  F.  Dawson 
and  other  distinguished  pianists.  He  gave 
pf.  recitals  up  to  1885,  but  of  late  years  he 
has  relinquished  active  work,  remaining  hon. 
local  representative  of  R.A.^I 

Works. — Aiithenis :  Make  a  joyful  noise; 
Holy,  Holy,  Holy ;  He  brought  down  my 
strength  (all  for  soli,  quartet,  and  cliorus, 
and  performed  in  the  Gentlemens'  Concert 
Room,  Manchester).   Spring  time,  part-song; 


400 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BlOGPvAPHY. 


WURM. 

O,  merry  lark,  glee ;  The  lover's  choice ;  0, 
give  me  music  ;  Ave  Maria,  and  other  songs. 
Jubilee  march  (performed  at  opening  of  Man- 
chester Exhibition,  1887).  Introduction  and 
variations.  Go  bury  thy  sorrow,  organ.  Piano- 
Jorte :  Sonata  No.  1,  in  A  (1870) ;  No.  2,  in  G 
(1892);  Grand  waltz;  Sprites' Frolic  ;  Taran- 
tella in  A  minor;  Allegretto  grazioso  in  C; 
Allecrro  de  concert ;  and  other  pieces. 

Wurm,  Marie  J.  A.,  pianist  and  com- 
poser, horn  at  Southampton,  ISl&y  IS,  1860. 
Her  father,  J.  E.  Wurm,  was  a  pianist  and 
concert  giver  in  that  town.  He  died,  1892. 
Marie  Wurm  studied  at  the  Stuttgart  Con- 
servatorium,  and  also  with  F.  Taylor,  IMa'dame 
Schumann,  J.  Raff,  and  others.  In  1884  she 
won  the  Mendelssohn  Scholarshij),  and  studied 
under  Sir  .Arthur  Sullivan,  Drs.  Stanford  and 
J.  F.  Bridge.  She  played  Schuniann's  piano- 
forte concerto  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  Novem- 
ber 11,  1882,  and  appeared  at  the  Monday 
Popular  Concerts  in  1884.  In  this  year  she 
appeared  at  her  father's  concert,  Southampton, 
with  her  sister  Alice,  also  a  pianist.  She  has 
given  recitals  in  London,  and  played  in 
Leipzig,  Berlin,  Meiningen,  and  other  places 
with  groat  success.  Her  compositions  com- 
prise a  pf.  concerto  in  B  minor,  and  an  over- 
ture (Berlin,  1887) ;  String  quartet  in  B  flat, 
op.  40  (London,  1894) ;  Sonata,  pf.  and 
violoncello  ;  Four  pf.  duets,  op.  24  ;  Pf.  pieces, 
part-songs,  and  duets,  etc.  Her  sister, 
M.^THiLDE  Wurm,  is  also  a  pianist  of  repute. 
She  has  given  recitals  in  Steinway  Hall, 
London  ;  Chamber  concerts  in  Princes'  Hall ; 
and  played  at  the  Saturday  Popular  Concerts 
(January,  1887),  and  elsewhere.  In  1893  she 
adopted  the  name  of  Verne. 

Wydow,  or  Wedow,  Robert,  clergyman 
and  musician  of  the  15th  century,  was  a 
native  of  Thaxted,  in  Essex.  He  was  educated 
at  Oxford,  and  became  Mus.  B.  there,  and 
at  Cambridge  in  1502.  He  was  presented  to 
the  living  of  Thaxted  by  Edward  IV.  in  1481, 
and  held  it  till  1489.  "in  1497  he  succeeded 
Abvngdon  as  succentor  of  Wells  Cathedral. 
He  died  in  1505. 

Wylde,  Henry,  composer  and  writer, 
born  at  Bushey,  Hertfordshire,  in  1822.  Son 
of  Henry  Wylde,  gentleman  in  ordinary  to 
■Geo.-ge  IV.  He  was  organist  of  St.  Ann's, 
Aldersgate  Street,  London,  in  1844,  and  in 
1852  he  founded  the  New  Philharmonic 
Society,  at  which  he  produced  Liszt's  "  St. 
Elizabeth"  in  1870,  and  other  modern  works. 
In  1871  he  established  the  London  Academy 
of  Music.  Mus.  D.,  Cantab.,  1851  (accumu- 
lated degrees).  Gresham  Professor  of  music 
in  succession  to  Professor  E.  Taylor,  1863. 
Associate  of  R.A.  JL,  etc.  He  died  at  London, 
March  13,  1890.  Author  of  "  Harmony,  and 
the  Science  of  Music,"  London,  1865  and 
1872  ;  "  Music  in  its  Art  Mysteries,"  London, 


WYNNE. 

1867  ;  "  ^Modern  Counterpoint  in  major  keys," 
London,  1873;  "Occult  Principles  of  Music," 
1881;    "Music    as    an    Educator..,"    1882. 
Evolution  of   the  Beautiful  in  Sound,  Man- 
chester, 1887.    Composer  of  Prai.se  and  prayer, 
i  op.  14,  and  Paradise  Lost  (selections),  1850, 
;  cantatas  ;  a  Pianoforte  Concerto  in  F  minor  ; 
Sonatas  for  pf.,  op.  1  and  7  ;    Rhapsody  for 
pf.,   op.   2.     Selection  of  Chants..,  London 
[1864] . 
His  brother,  J.\mes  Wylde,  was  a  harpist 
!  in  London. 

Wynne,  John,  vocal  composer,  of  the  18th 
century,  composed,  among  other  works, 
"Iwtlve  English  Songs,"  London  [1750]. 

Wynne,  Kate,  contrallo  vocalist,  sister  of 
undernoted,  was  born  at  Holywell,  Flintshire. 
Her  countrymen  gave  her  the  title  of  Llinos 
Givijnedd—The  Linnet  of  Wales.  With  her 
sister  she  has  ajpeared  at  many  concerts  in 
I  ondon  and  the  provinces.  At  St.  George's 
Hall,  the  sisters  introduced  to  a  London 
audience  John  Thomas's  cantata,  "  The 
Bride  of  Neath  Valley,"  February  12,  1867. 
After  her  marriage  with  Mr.  Henry  Matthison, 
of  Birmingham,  she  still  sang  a  good  deal  in 
public,  and  was  a  great  favourite  in  the 
Principality,  receiving  compliments  from 
Lord  Penrhyn  and  others.  She  retired  from 
the  profession  about  the  year  1877. 

Wynne,  Sarah  Edith,  Eos  Cymru 
Pencerddes,  The  Nightingale  of  Wales. 
Soprano  vocalist,  born  at  Holywell,  Flintshire, 
March  11,  1842.  Sang,  at  the  age  of  nine,  at 
a  concert  of  the  Holywell  Philharmonic 
Society,  and  a  few  years  later  was  placed 
under  ^Irs.  Scarisbrick,  of  Liverpool.  In 
1862  (July  4),  she  made  her  first  appearance 
in  London,  at  a  concert  of  Welsh  music, 
given  by  Mr.  John  Thomas.  About  this  time 
she  entered  the  R.A.M.,  and  in  1868  won  the 
Westmorland  Scholarship.  Her  reputation 
rapidly  spread,  and  she  was  engaged  for  the 
principal  concerts.  In  1869  she  studied  for  a 
short  time  under  Romani,  of  Florence.  She 
sang  at  the  Birmingham  Musical  Festival  of 
1870,  and  afterwards  at  other  like  celebrations, 
and  in  1871,  visited  America.  From  this 
time  her  career  was  an  unbroken  success. 
In  1872  she  sang  at  a  State  concert,  and,  two 
years  later,  was  the  recipient  of  a  flattering 
testimonial  at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms. 
A  marble  bust  of  herself  was  presented  to  her 
by  Sir  Watkin  W.  Wynn,  and  a  diamond 
bracelet  by  Mr.  Osborne  Morgan.  She  was 
married  to  Mr.  Aviet  Agabeg  at  the  Savoy 
Chapel  Royal,  November  16,  1875,  since 
when  her  time  has  been  chiefly  devoted  to 
tuition  in  singing,  but  she  occasionaly 
appeared  in  public,  singing  at  St.  James's 
Hall  so  late  as  July,  1894.  and  at  Aberystwith 
in  the  summer  of  1896.  She  had  some  little 
stage   experience,    singing   in    the   first    per- 


BRITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGRAPHY. 


461 


WYVILL. 

formance  of  Macfarren's  "Jessie  Lea,"  at 
the  Gallery  of  Illustration,  November  2, 
1863 ;  in  "  Maritana,"  and  other  English 
operas,  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  from  1869,  for 
a  season  or  two.  She  also  took  part  in  the 
performance  of  the  second  part  of  King  Henry 
IV,  at  Drury  Lane  in  1864,  when  she  inter- 
polated the  Welsh  song,  "  The  Bells  of 
Aberdovey."  It  was,  however,  in  the  simple 
ballad  that  her  greatest  charm  was  exercised. 
This  eminent  artist  died  suddenly  in  London, 
January  23,  1897. 

Wyvill,  Zerubbabel,  composer  and  or- 
ganist, born  at  Maidenhead,  Berks.,  in  1763. 
He  was  a  teacher  of  music  at  Maidenhead, 
and  organist  of  the  Chapel  of  St.  ^Mary 
Magdalene  and  Andrew  there.  Resided  at 
Inwood  House,  Hounslow,  and  was  twice 
married.  In  1828  he  was  involved  in  Chancery 
proceedings  concerning  the  estate  of  his 
father-in-law.  He  died  at  Hounslow  Middle- 
sex, May  14,  1887. 

Works. — A  collection  of  psalms  and  hymns 
for  four  vo.ces,  London,  n.d.  A  collection  of 
catches  and  glees  for  3  and  4  voices,  London, 
n.d.  Anthem,  twohymns,  and  two  dismissions, 
selected  and  composed  for  the  General  Thanks- 
giving, June  1,  1802.  In  this  appears  the 
well-known  hymn  tune  "Eaton."  Berkshire 
March,  in  8  parts,  London,  1793.  Armed 
Yeoman,  song  [1795],  etc. 

His  son  Robert,  born  1789 ;  died  at 
Maidenhead  in  August,  1869,  was  organist  of 
St.  Mary's  Chapel  there,  and  published  a 
Collection  of  hymn  tunes  and  chants  ;  and 
"  A  second  set  of  Hymns  arranged  for  the  pf. 
or  organ,"  London,  1840. 

Another  musician  of  the  name  of  J.  Wyvill, 
composed  "  Friar  John  in  his  cell,"  an  epi- 
gram, London  [1780] ,  and  other  vocal  music. 

Wyse,  John,  musiciaft,  issued  "  Music  of 
the  hymns,  anthems,  and  litanies,  intended 
for  the  use  of  the  co-fraternities  of  La  Salette, 
established  in  England,"  London,  1855. 

Xiniwe,  Paul,  bass  vocalist,  and  member 
of  the  South  African  Choir  that  visited  Great 
Britain  in  1891.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Lovedale  Institution,  Cape  Colony,  has  a  fine 
bass  voice,  is  remarkably  intelligent,  and 
acted-  as  the  spokesman  of  the  choir,  which 
sang  by  command  before  the  Queen.  While 
in  England  he  obtained  the  Elementary  and 
Intermediate  Certificate  of  the  Tonic  Sol-fa 
College,  and  is  now  exercising  his  skill  in  his 
native  district. 

Yarwood,  Joseph,  composer  and  bass 
singer,  born  at  Manchester,  May  6,  1829. 
Composer  of  anthems  Glees:  Our  jolly  tars  ; 
Merry  boys  at  sea ;  Town  and  trade  ;  Pill  the 
goblet ;  Hail  to  the  woods  ;  Welcome  brothers  ; 
etc.     Also  polkas  and  other  pf.  music. 


YOUNG. 

Yates,  William,  composer,  whoflourished 
in  the  latter  half  of  the  18th  centur«.  He 
wrote  among  other  works  a  "  Collection  of 
moral  songs  or  hymns,  by  I.  Watts,"  Loudon, 
1769.  "  New  musical  address  to  the  town  on 
the  opening  of  Marylebone  Gardens,"  London 
[1763];  "  Collection  of  songs  sung  at  Vauxliall 
and  Marylebone  Gardens,"  London  [1764]. 
Songs  :  Colin's  address  :  Haughty  Delia ;. 
Tell-tale,  etc.  Six  easy  sonatas  for  harp- 
sichord, op.  3  [1770]. 

Yonge,  Nicholas,  musician  of  the  16th 
and  17th  centuries.  Published  "  Musica 
Transalpina,  madrigales  translated,  of  4,  5, 
and  6  parts,  chosen  out  of  divers  excellent 
authors. ..."  London,  1588.  "  Musica  Trans- 
aljDina,  the  second  book  of  madrigales  to  5 
and  6  voices,  translated  out  of  sv;ndry  Italian 
authors "  London,  1597. 

Youll,  Henry,  a  composer  of  madrigals 
and  other  vocal  music,  who  flourished  at  the 
end  of  the  16th  and  beginning  of  the  17th 
centuries.  He  issued  "  Canzonets  to  three 
voyces,"  London,  1608. 

Voung,  Anne,  see  Gunn,  Anne. 

Young,  Cecilia,  see  sub.  Arxe,  Thom.\s  A. 

Young,  Rev.  Edward,  author  of  "The 
Harp  of  God,"  twelve  lectures  on  liturgical 
music,  its  import,  history,  present  state  and 
reformation,"  London,  1861.  Composer  of 
A  morning  and  evening  service,  Te  deum, 
jubilate,  magnificat,  and  nunc  dimittis, 
hymn  tunes,  etc. 

Young,  Harriet  Maitland,  composer, 
of  the  present  time,  who  has  written  several 
operettas :  "  An  Artist's  Proof,  produced 
Brighton,  February  4,  1882  ;  "The  Queen  of 
Hearts,"  Dartford,  February  6,  1888;  "The 
Holly  Branch,"  and  "  When  one  door  shuts, 
another  opens,"  produced  at  Bradford,  No- 
vember 28,  1896.  Also  composer  of  Tell  me 
so  ;  A  passing  cloud,  and  other  songs. 

Young,  Isabella  (Mrs.  L.\mpe),  soprano 
vocalist,  sister  of  Mrs.  T.  A.  Arne,  and 
daughter  of  Charles  Y'oung,  organist  of  All 
Hallows,  Barking.  She  sang  at  concerts, 
and  after  her  marriage  to  Johann  Friederich 
Lampe  (1703-1751)  she  sang  on  the  stage  in 
works  by  her  husband  and  others. 

Young,  John  Matthew  Wilson,  or- 
ganist and  composer,  born  at  Durham, 
December  17,  1822.  Was  principal  solo  boy  in 
the  cathedral  choir;  pupil  of  Dr.  Henshaw, 
and  afterwards  his  assistant.  For  six  years 
he  was  music-master  at  the  York  and  Ripo%«| 
Training  College.  In  1850  he  was  appointed 
organist  of  Lincoln  Cathedral.  When  the  Peter- 
borough and  Lincoln  "  Oratorio  Festi\  al  "  was 
established,  in  1888,  Mv.  Young  was  joint 
conductor  with  the  organist  of  Peterborough 
Cathedral,  the  first  Lincoln  Festival  occurring 
June  19, 1889.  After  holding  his  appointment 
at  Lincoln  Cathedral  for  45  years,  he  retired  in 


462 


15KITISH   MUSICAL   BIOGEAPHY. 


YOUNG. 

1895,  and  removed  to  London.  He  died  at 
West  Norwood,  March  4,  1897.  His  works 
include  a  sacred  cantata,  "  The  Return  of 
Israel  to  Palestine,"  produced  at  the  Lincoln 
Festival,  June  15,  1892  ;  "  I  will  extol  my 
God,"  and  other  anthems  ;  a  Festival  Service 
in  C  :  ^Morning  Service  in  T) ;  several  settings 
of  the  Tc  Deum,  and  other  Church  music. 

Young,  Mary,  ]Mrs.  Barthelemon, 
soprano  vocalist,  was  born  about  1745.  She 
was  taught  singing  in  London,  and  appeared 
at  Drury  Lane  in  "The  Spring,"  pastoral,  in 
17G'2.  In  17G6  she  married  F.  H.  Barthelemon, 
the  French  violinist  and  composer.  She  was 
the  original  Nvsa  in  O'Hara's  "  Midas."  Died 
September  20,"  1799. 

Young,  Rev.  Matthew,  clergyman  and 
musician,  born  at  Roscommon,  1750.  Died 
in  1800.  Author  of  "Inquiry  into  the  princi- 
pal phenomena  of  sounds  and  musical  strings," 
London,  1784. 

Young,  William  James,  organist  and 
composer,  brother  of  J.  M.  W.  Young,  born 
at  Durham,  April  18,  1835.  Chorister,  Dur- 
ham Cathedral,  1843.  From  1852  studied 
under  his  brother  at  Lincoln  ;  assistant 
organist,  Lincoln  Cathedral,  1857-8.  Organ- 
ist of  St.  John's,  Longsight,  Manchester, 
1858-71  ;  St.  Peter's,  Levenshulme,  1871-80 ; 
St.  James',  Birch-in-Rusholme,  1880 ;  and 
St.  Elizabeth's,  Reddish  Green,  near  Stock- 
port, 1895.  Composer  of  a  large  number  of 
part-songs.  Gaily  thro'  the  greenwood  ;  I  love 
the  merry  springtime  ;  Hail !  merry  Christ- 
mas ;  0,  welcome,  merry  May,  etc.,  most  of 
which  have  been  widely  popular.  He  has  also 
composed  some  songs,  "The  Winter  King" 
(with  orchestra) ;  and  marches  for  orchestra 
which  have  been  performed  at  Manchester, 
Scarborough  Spa,  etc. 


ZUCCHELLI. 

Younger,  Montague,  organist,  born  at 
Sydney,  New  South  Wales.  Pupil  of  C.  S. 
Packer.  Has  l)een  organist  of  St.  Andrew's 
Anglican  Cathedral,  Sydney,  since  1868. 
Conducted  a  performance  of  Benedict's  "  St. 
Peter  "  (the  first  in  Australia),  at  the  Sydney 
International  Exhibition,  April  10,  1880. 

Zerbini,  John  Baptist,  violinist  and 
pianist,  son  of  an  Italian  musician  (J.  B. 
Zerbini,  member  of  the  London  Philharmonic 
orchestra,  died  December  27,  1889),  was  born 
in  Loudon  in  1839.  He  began  his  career  in 
the  band  at  Drury  Lane  when  he  was 
seventeen,  and  in  1867  joined  Mr.  Chappell's 
string  quartet  at  the  Popular  Concerts  as 
viola  player,  and  also  as  pianoforte  accom- 
panist. He  married  Anna  Patey,  who  was 
for  a  long  time  amanuensis  and  secretary  to 
the  eminent  geologist.  Sir  Charles  Lyell. 
His  wife  died  in  June,  1884,  and  Zerbini,  in 
failing  health,  went  to  Australia.  He  soon 
established  himself  as  a  teacher  of  repute ; 
directed  Chamber  concerts  at  Victoria,  in 
1887 ;  and  died  at  IMelbourne,  November  28, 
1891.  He  was  a  man  of  quiet,  unassuming 
manners,  an  excellent  accompanist,  and  a 
good  all-round  musician. 

His  brother,  Lean  deb,  a  native  of  London, 
was  a  vocalist  and  composer. 

Zotti,  Carlo,  see  Croal,  George. 

Zucchelli,  Carlo,  bass  singer,  born  at 
London,  of  Italian  parents,  January  28, 1793. 
In  1814  he  sang  at  Novara,  and  afterwards 
sang  in  other  Italian  towns  till  1818.  He 
made  his  debut  at  the  King's  Theatre  in  April, 
1822,  and  also  appeared  at  the  Ancient  Con- 
certs. He  sang  in  Paris  in  1825,  and  other 
continental  towns.  He  died  at  Bologna,  in 
February,  1879. 


APPENDIX. 


ADDITIONS    AND    CORRECTIONS. 


Albertazzi,  Emma,  page  5.    Correct  to—  j 
Died  September  25,  1847. 

Allon,  Henry  Erskine,  page  8.  Add— 
Cantata,  "Oak  of  Geismar "  was  produced 
by  tbe  Highbury  Philharmonic,  January  26, 
1897.  After  undergoing  an  operation  for 
abscess,  Allon  died  suddenly  at  London,  April 
3,  1897,  aged  32. 

Alquin,  F.  C.  d',  page  9.  Should  be— 
Alquen. 

Anne,  Susanna  Maria,  page  18,  should 
be  Arne. 

Beale,  Thurley,  page  36.  Add — Died  in 
London,  May  5,  1897. 

Bennett,  Sir  W.  5.,  page  42.  Correct 
from  line  7  of  notice  to — He  resided  at  Leipzig, 
18.36-7,  at  the  suggestion  and  expense  of  the 
firm  of  Broadwood  and  Sons,  in  order  that  he 
might  gain  experience,  and  profit  by  the 
influence  and  companionship  of  Mendelssohn 
and  other  great  artists. 

Best,  W.  T.,  page  44.  Add  date  of 
death— :Sl&j  10,  1897. 


Corfe,  John  Davis,  organist,  born  at 
Salisbury,  in  1804.  Son  of  Arthur  Thomas 
Corfe.  He  was  for  more  than  half  a  century 
organist  of  Bristol  Cathedral,  and  conductor 
of  the  Bristol  Madrigal  Society  for  many 
years.     He  died  at  Bristol,  January  23,  1876. 

Culwick,  James  C,  p.  111.  Add  to 
Works — Overture  for  orchestra,  prize,  "  Feis 
Ceoil,"  Dublin,  May,  1897. 

Flower,  Sara,  contralto,  p.  148.  The 
date  of  birth,  February  22,  1805,  is  that  of 
the  Sarah  Flower  of  the  preceding  paragraph. 
The  singer  made  her  debid,  when  a  young 
girl,  at  Drury  Lane,  January  7,  1843,  in  an 
English  version  of  "  La  Gazza  Ladra."     She 

I  had  been  a  student  at  the  R.A.M. 

I 

Gadsby,  H.  R.,  p.  154.  Add  to  Works- 
Concerto  for  organ  and  orchestra,  produced. 
Crystal  Palace,  January  24,  1874. 

Garrett,   G.  M.,    p.  156.     ^dd— After  a 
;  long  illness,  he  died  at  Cambridge  in  the  night 
of  April  8, 1897. 


Bowling,  page  55.  CorreH  year  of  birth — 
John  Bowling,  to  1817.  Date  of  death — 
J.  0.  Bowling,  to  July  10,  1886. 


McGuckin,  Barton, p. 262. 

Royal,  add  Birmingham. 


After  Theatre 


Bridge,  J.  F.,  page  60.  Add — Knighted 
bv  Queen  Victoria,  in  June,  1897.  Additional 
Works— ''The  Flag  of  England"  (Rudyard 
Kipling),  for  soprano  solo,  chorus,  and  orch- 
estra, produced.  Royal  Albert  Hall,  May  6, 
1897. 

Buswell,  John,  page  72.    Add — He  was 

a  Gentleman  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  died, 
November  14,  1763. 

Carr,    Frank   O.,    page  79.    Add — Born 

near  Bradford,  April  23,  1858.  i 


Mann,  Arthur  H.,  p.  269.  Add—'SLe 
was  appointed  organist  to  the  University  of 
Cambridge,  May,  1897,  in  succession  to  the 
late  Dr.  Garrett. 

Martin,  Dr.  C.  G.,  p.  273.  ^rfd— Knighted 
by  Queen  Victoria  in  1897. 

Parry,  C.  H.  H.,  p.  310.  Add  to  Works— 
Theme  and  variations,  orchestra,  produced 
Philharmonic  Society,  June  3,  1879. 

Stanford,  Charles  V.,  p.  389.  Add— 
Appointed  Conductor  of  Leeds  Philharmonic 
Society,  June,  1897. 


Derby : 
Printed  by  Chadfield  &  Son,  Ltd.,  "Friary    Works. 

1897. 


V  ' 


M 


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